To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Cuscunà.
Journal articles on the topic 'Cuscunà'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Cuscunà.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Sawadogo-Ilboudo, Tinkoudougou Cathérine, Amina Guinko, Rayim Wendé Alice Nare, Rockia Marie Nadège Zerbo, and Joseph Issaka Boussim. "Diversité des plantes hôtes de Cuscuta australis R. Br dans la ville de Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 17, no. 1 (2023): 106–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i1.8.
Full textAbstract:
Cuscuta australis R. Br (cuscute) est une plante parasite de plus en plus présente au Burkina Faso qui infeste les tiges et les feuilles d’une large gamme de plantes. Cette étude visait à appréhender la diversité des plantes hôtes de C. australis au Burkina Faso. Suite à une prospection dans la ville qui a permis de repérer lesfoyers de C. australis, les plantes infestées par la cuscute ont été inventoriées et identifiées. Les résultats ont montré une grande diversité des plantes hôtes composées de 62 espèces appartenant à 58 genres et 27 familles. Une proportion de 85,38% de ces plantes relève de la classe des dicotylédones contre 14,62% de monocotylédones. Un taux de 34,5% des hôtes inventoriées sont des plantes cultivées, les 65,5% étant des plantes sauvages. Les herbacées sont les plus nombreuses avec 86,55% tandis que les ligneux sont représentés à 13,45%. Ces résultats permettraient d'alerter les producteurs et les décideurs sur la nécessité d'adopter des stratégies de lutte adaptées pour limiter la propagation de C. australis dans les champs.
2
Plassard, Didier, and Carole Guidicelli. "Haunted Figures, Haunting Figures: Puppets and Marionettes as Testimonies of Liminal States." Skenè. Journal of Theatre and Drama Studies 8, no. 1 (2022): Puppet, Death, and the Devil: Presences of Afterlife in Puppet Theatre (2022): 11–33. https://doi.org/10.13136/sjtds.v8i1.369.
Full textAbstract:
<strong>Abstract</strong> : The easy way marionettes and puppets can cross the boundaries between lifeless objects and living creatures makes puppetry the ideal artistic expression to picture liminal states between life and death. This ability, commonly used nowadays in puppet and marionette performances, leans on two major changes in the history of representations: the Romantic opposition of nature and technique, which transformed the animation of objects into a disturbing and uncanny experience, and the post-traumatic perception of human beings reduced to the status of things in the totalitarian regimes, genocides, and mass murders of the twentieth century. The article examines how, in two different contexts (the turn of the nineteenth to the twentieth centuries, then the turn of the twentieth to the twenty-first century), poets and puppeteers can use these representations as the starting point of a new dramaturgy. Performed in 1892 at the Petit-Théâtre des Marionnettes de la Galerie Vivienne, Pigeon’s comedy<em> L’Amour dans les enfers</em> ironically presents Arlequin and Pierrot as two ghosts who ask Pluto to bring them their widows, but the men are repelled by them because they look like two corpses. In van Lerberghe’s <em>Les Flaireurs and Maeterlinck</em>’s <em>La Princesse Maleine</em> (both 1889), we can see how the imagery of death, first stimulated by fairground shows and Holden’s Théâtre des Fantoches, eventually transforms itself into a dramaturgy of slow and immaterial forces: death appears no more as a character or an event but as the very substance of the drama, a set of multiple effects and accidents that stretch across the whole performance. But puppetry can also provide visibility to annihilated, invisible people. Examples are taken from four plays about the Nazi death camps, one written during the Holocaust (Haschenburg’s<em> Hledáme strašidlo</em>, 1943), then three contemporary ones (Segal’s<em> Le Marionnettiste de Lodz</em>, 1984; Cagnard’s <em>Les Gens légers</em>, 2006; Cuscunà’s <em>È bello vivere liberi</em>, 2009). The article examines how puppets and marionettes are used as poetical and dramaturgical means to represent on stage the process of extermination and the haunting images it left in our memory.
3
Kosack, Lutz, and Bodo Maria Möseler. "Wirtsbindung von Cuscuta-Arten am Unteren Mittelrhein." Decheniana : Verhandlungen des Naturhistorischen Vereins der Rheinlande und Westfalens 173 (January 1, 2020): 66–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/decheniana.v173.4982.
Full textAbstract:
Die Gattung Cuscuta wurde an den Ufern des Unteren Mittelrheins kartiert. Die Taxon-spezifische Wirtspräferenz von Cuscuta gronovii, Cuscuta europaea und Cuscuta lupuliformis wurde untersucht. In diesem Zusammenhang wurden zahlreiche Vegetationsaufnahmen mit Vorkommen von Cuscuta-Arten analysiert. Zusätzlich wurden 500 Datensätze von Cuscuta insbesondere hinsichtlich ihres spezifischen Wirts untersucht. Die Vegetationsaufnahmen wurden mit dem COCKTAIL-Algorithmus im Softwarepaket JUICE und dem implementierten statistischen Treuemaß ‚u‘ analysiert. Diese Ergebnisse zeigen eine starke Bindung zwischen Cuscuta lupuliformis und Rubus caesius sowie zwischen Cuscuta gronovii und Solidago gigantea. Urtica dioica tritt als Wirt von höchster Bedeutung für Cuscuta europaea auf, aber die gegenseitige Bindung erscheint schwächer. Aufgrund ihrer biogeographischen Herkunft ist zu beachten, dass sowohl Cuscuta gronovii als auch Solidago gigantea eine „gewisse Affinität“ zueinander haben.
4
Lu, Menglin, and Xiaojie Liu. "Investigation on The Distribution of Cuscuta in Chengdu." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 2 (June 22, 2022): 200–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v2i.574.
Full textAbstract:
Cuscuta is an annual parasitic herb in Convolvulaceae family Cuscuta. This project investigated the spread of cuscuta in 12 towns and 1 street that have 71 plots of the Chengdu, Tianfu New District by selecting a certain area of strip and circular plots, and proved the distribution pattern and growth situation of cuscuta in this area. The results showed that: (1) Cuscuta in this area 1 genus 2 species, respectively for Cuscuta chinensis and Cuscuta japonica, of which Cuscuta chinensis accounted for 80%, the Cuscuta japonica accounted for 20%; (2) The two cuscuta species parasitized 40 plants of 30 families, 37 genera in 14 sites, and three host plants of Magnoliaceae were found for the first time in this survey. (3) The parasitism of the cuscuta showed the following pattern: plot afforestation > road afforestation > park afforestation > unmanaged wasteland, and the host plant species of plot afforestation was the largest, and the infection of road afforestation was the most serious. (4) Cuscuta for the parasitic environment sel-ection tends to high light intensity, air humidity about 80%, high plant density, more plant species conditions, in the selection of the parasitic site, is more likely to appear in the middle and upper region of the host plant. The results of this project can provide a theoretical reference for the studyof local landscape protection, and provide a theoretical basis for the development of local greening and tree cultivation.
5
Burt, Corey, Étienne Léveillé-Bourret, and Mihai Costea. "Rare species of dodder (<i>Cuscuta</i> L.; Convolvulaceae) in Quebec and a plea for their search in the wild." Canadian Field-Naturalist 135, no. 3 (2022): 250–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v135i3.2671.
Full textAbstract:
We report three rare dodders (Cuscuta L.) from Quebec: Buttonbush Dodder (Cuscuta cephalanthi Engelmann), Hazel Dodder (Cuscuta coryli Engelmann), and Smartweed Dodder (Cuscuta polygonorum Engelmann). Detailed descriptions of their morphological characteristics, ecology, and host range are discussed. The genus Cuscuta is severely under-collected in Quebec and elsewhere, and targetted fieldwork is needed to better assess the distribution and conservation status of the three rare (or overlooked) species reported here. An identification key to all Cuscuta species from Quebec is provided to aid botanists in accurately identifying these challenging species.
6
Costea, Mihai, Fiona Aiston, and Saša Stefanović. "Species delimitation, phylogenetic relationships, and two new species in the Cuscuta gracillima complex (Convolvulaceae)This paper is one of a selection of papers published in the Special Issue on Systematics Research." Botany 86, no. 7 (2008): 670–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b08-030.
Full textAbstract:
Basic morphology, scanning electron microscopy, and DNA sequence data from the plastid trnL–F region and the nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions were used to delimit the species of a recently circumscribed clade of Cuscuta (Convolvulaceae) and to investigate their phylogenetic relationships. This clade comprises the Cuscuta gracillima complex from Mexico, Central and northern South America, a group which is characterized by inflorescences that appear to emerge directly from the host stem. Eight lineages are recognized, with two of them described here as new species: Cuscuta punana Costea & Stefanović, sp. nov. from Ecuador and Cuscuta vandevenderi Costea & Stefanović, sp. nov. from Mexico. Cuscuta colombiana Yunck is redefined to include Cuscuta aristeguietae Yunck., and Cuscuta deltoidea Yunck. is broadened to encompass Cuscuta serruloba Yunck. A taxonomic treatment with an identification key, descriptions, and illustrations is provided; the biogeography and conservation status of the eight species are also discussed.
7
Hettenhausen, Christian, Juan Li, Huifu Zhuang, et al. "Stem parasitic plant Cuscuta australis (dodder) transfers herbivory-induced signals among plants." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 32 (2017): E6703—E6709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1704536114.
Full textAbstract:
Cuscuta spp. (i.e., dodders) are stem parasites that naturally graft to their host plants to extract water and nutrients; multiple adjacent hosts are often parasitized by one or more Cuscuta plants simultaneously, forming connected plant clusters. Metabolites, proteins, and mRNAs are known to be transferred from hosts to Cuscuta, and Cuscuta bridges even facilitate host-to-host virus movement. Whether Cuscuta bridges transmit ecologically meaningful signals remains unknown. Here we show that, when host plants are connected by Cuscuta bridges, systemic herbivory signals are transmitted from attacked plants to unattacked plants, as revealed by the large transcriptomic changes in the attacked local leaves, undamaged systemic leaves of the attacked plants, and leaves of unattacked but connected hosts. The interplant signaling is largely dependent on the jasmonic acid pathway of the damaged local plants, and can be found among conspecific or heterospecific hosts of different families. Importantly, herbivore attack of one host plant elevates defensive metabolites in the other systemic Cuscuta bridge-connected hosts, resulting in enhanced resistance against insects even in several consecutively Cuscuta-connected host plants over long distances (> 100 cm). By facilitating plant-to-plant signaling, Cuscuta provides an information-based means of countering the resource-based fitness costs to their hosts.
8
Chepkoech, Emmy, Lucas Ngode, Lynnette Oimbo, Bonface Alkamoi, and Costa Kokwon. "Assessment of Morphological Diversity of Cuscuta Species based on Floral Morphology." European Journal of Botany 3, no. 1 (2025): 1–5. https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbotany.2022.3.1.15.
Full textAbstract:
The genus Cuscuta L. are obligate stem parasites, with long, multi- branched, modified thread like stem, attacking an extensive range of host plants. The Cuscuta species has cosmopolitan occurrence and are widely distributed throughout the temperate and tropical zones and colonizers diversity of habitats. Though, Cuscuta spp. is known to affect a number of crop and non-crop species globally, there is limited information on biology, ecosystem and farmers’ knowledge, existence species of diversity and threat to crop production. Furthermore, knowledge on the existence of variation within a species is a prerequisite for developing sustainable management strategies for Cuscuta spp. in a specified agrosystems as well as making decision for comprehensive management practices for the weed. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess the morphological diversity of Cuscuta Species based on floral morphology in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. The study was carried out in Uasin Gishu County across the six sub-counties using purposive and convenient sampling design. The study involved Morphological identification by examining Cuscuta species general appearance and the microscopic flower morphology examination. The morphology of the floral characters revealed distinct Cuscuta species from the accessions collected from Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. Concisely, the flowers were microscopically identified to the species level across all the samples and showed that the clusters contained of five petals, five sepals and five stamens. Cuscuta species showed tremendous diversity in Uasin Gishu County with Cuscuta reflexa exhibited wide distribution in the County. Characterization of species provide valuable information for extensive analysis and precise identification of Cuscuta and develop better management and utilization strategies.
9
De Moura Costa, Carol, Amanda Boaretto, Priscila Porto Alegre Ferreira, et al. "New records of Cuscuta L. (Convolvulaceae) in Central-West Brazil." Check List 16, no. 6 (2020): 1725–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/16.6.1725.
Full textAbstract:
The genus Cuscuta L. (Convolvulaceae) are holoparasitic plants with cosmopolitan distributions, and they are usually difficult to identify. Based on several new field collections, we present three new floristic records from this genus in Central-West Brazil. Cuscuta platyloba Progel and Cuscuta partita Choisy are cited for the first time from Mato Grosso do Sul state, while Cuscuta xanthochortos var. carinata Mart., which was previously only known from southern Brazil, is also shown to be present in the Central-West region of the country. An identification key of Cuscuta species from Mato Grosso do Sul is also provided.
10
Mburia, Lydia Nyawira. "Eradicating Cuscuta Invasive Killer Weeds for Environmental Sustainability." Africa Journal of Technical and Vocational Education and Training 6, no. 1 (2021): 181–88. https://doi.org/10.69641/afritvet.2021.61133.
Full textAbstract:
Cuscuta also referred to as (dodder) belongs to a genus of more than 200 species of obligate aerial parasitic plants in the morning glory family Convolvulaceae. Cuscuta is an invasive killer weed which adversely affects fruit set, and yields and it robs all food from another organism's through its parasitic nature. The organism that is being robbed of its food supply is called the host. Cuscuta invasive killer weed strangles the host plant and is also implicated in the transmission of certain plant bacterial and viral diseases. It is ferociously troublesome where it is sown as a seed contaminant. It is worth noting that, Cuscuta invasive killer weeds is a true vegetal vampire due to its fine stems that stick to its victims hence creating a stranglehold by literally sucking the sap until it kills the plant host. Parasitic plant in particular the Cuscuta weeds, have been described as keystone species by environmentalists. The research objective of this study was to eradicate Cuscuta invasive killer weeds for environmental sustainability. The researcher embarked on a quest on how to get rid of dodder for the small, medium and large scale crop growers and engaged stakeholders such as KEFRI, KEPHIS, and NEMA in developing environmentally friendly mechanisms to exterminate the Cuscuta. Cultural, physical/mechanical biological means of exterminating Cuscuta invasive killer weeds are considered environmentally safe and friendly. Farmers are advised to hand uproot scattered Cuscuta invasive killer weeds.
11
De, Moura Costa Carol, Amanda Boaretto, Alegre Ferreira Priscila Porto, et al. "New records of Cuscuta L. (Convolvulaceae) in Central-West Brazil." Check List 16, no. (6) (2020): 1725–31. https://doi.org/10.15560/16.6.1725.
Full textAbstract:
The genus <em>Cuscuta</em> L. (Convolvulaceae) are holoparasitic plants with cosmopolitan distributions, and they are usually difficult to identify. Based on several new field collections, we present three new floristic records from this genus in Central-West Brazil. <em>Cuscuta platyloba</em> Progel and <em>Cuscuta partita</em> Choisy are cited for the first time from Mato Grosso do Sul state, while <em>Cuscuta xanthochortos</em> var. <em>carinata </em>Mart., which was previously only known from southern Brazil, is also shown to be present in the Central-West region of the country. An identification key of <em>Cuscuta </em>species from Mato Grosso do Sul is also provided.
12
LIU, Z. O., A. FER, and F. M. LECOCO. "L'imazaquine: un herbicide prometteur pour la lutte curative contre la cuscute (Cuscuta spp.) dans les cultures de soja (Glycine max)." Weed Research 31, no. 1 (1991): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1991.tb01740.x.
Full text
13
Moreno-Robles, Antonio, Antonio Cala Peralta, Gabriele Soriano, et al. "Identification of Allelochemicals with Differential Modes of Phytotoxicity against Cuscuta campestris." Agriculture 12, no. 10 (2022): 1746. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12101746.
Full textAbstract:
Cuscuta campestris is a parasitic weed species with noxious effects in broadleaf crops worldwide. The control of Cuscuta in the majority of crops affected is limited or non-existing. We tested, for the first time, the effect of eighteen metabolites in in vitro-grown Cuscuta seedlings. We found that 2-benzoxazolinone, hydrocinnamic acid and pisatin caused the strongest inhibition of seedling growth. In addition to seedling growth, pisatin caused necrosis of the Cuscuta seedling, occurring mostly at the seedling shoot. Scopoletin and sesamol treatments caused toxicity, observed as a black staining, only at the Cuscuta root apices, while caffeic acid, ferulic acid and vanillic acid caused toxicity, observed as brown staining, in the root apices. The structure–activity relationships in four structural derivatives of 2-benzoxazolinone, and five structural derivatives of hydrocinnamic acid, were also studied. The identification of new herbicidal modes of action against Cuscuta is the first step in creating new alternatives to sustainable chemical control of parasitic weeds.
14
Costea, Mihai, and François J. Tardif. "The biology of Canadian weeds. 133. Cuscuta campestris Yuncker, C. gronovii Willd. ex Schult., C. umbrosa Beyr. ex Hook., C. epithymum (L.) L. and C. epilinum Weihe." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 86, no. 1 (2006): 293–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p04-077.
Full textAbstract:
Cuscuta spp. (dodders) are rootless, holoparasitic herbs with filiform stems attached to the host by numerous haustoria. In Canada, Cuscuta gronovii is the most common native species of the genus followed by Cuscuta campestris and C. umbrosa. Cuscuta epithymum and C. epilinum, both introduced species in Canada, occur occasionally. Infestation by Cuscuta spp. can result in serious yield losses and dodders are listed as noxious weeds in British Columbia, Ontario and Québec, and as restricted weeds in Alberta. These plants have evolved special adaptations to ensure their success: germination occurs late in the season when potential hosts are already established; seedlings selectively forage in plant communities and they may survive relatively long periods during the autotrophic stage. Invasion occurs via extremely elaborate mechanisms designed to match the biological processes of their host and bypass defense mechanisms. The principal means of dispersal of Cuscuta weeds world-wide (including Canada) has been through contaminated seeds of previously infested forage legumes. In other areas (e.g., Israel), C. campestris has developed resistance to ALS inhibitors (chlorsulfuron, and sulfometuron-methyl) and AABI herbicides. Complete descriptions and illustrations are provided for discussed species. Key words: Cuscuta campestris, C. gronovii, C. umbrosa, C. epithymum, C. epilinum, parasitism, growth, development, physiology, reproduction, control, diseases
15
Guerra, Marcelo, and Miguel A. García. "Heterochromatin and rDNA sites distribution in the holocentric chromosomes of Cuscuta approximata Bab. (Convolvulaceae)." Genome 47, no. 1 (2004): 134–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g03-098.
Full textAbstract:
Cuscuta is a widely distributed genus of holoparasitic plants. Holocentric chromosomes have been reported only in species of one of its subgenera (Cuscuta subg. Cuscuta). In this work, a representative of this subgenus, Cuscuta approximata, was investigated looking for its mitotic and meiotic chromosome behaviour and the heterochromatin distribution. The mitotic chromosomes showed neither primary constriction nor Rabl orientation whereas the meiotic ones exhibited the typical quadripartite structure characteristic of holocentrics, supporting the assumption of holocentric chromosomes as a synapomorphy of Cuscuta subg. Cuscuta. Chromosomes and interphase nuclei displayed many heterochromatic blocks that stained deeply with hematoxylin, 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), or after C banding. The banded karyotype showed terminal or subterminal bands in all chromosomes and central bands in some of them. The single pair of 45S rDNA sites was observed at the end of the largest chromosome pair, close to a DAPI band and a 5S rDNA site. Two other 5S rDNA site pairs were found, both closely associated with DAPI bands. The noteworthy giant nuclei of glandular cells of petals and ovary wall exhibited large chromocentres typical of polytenic nuclei. The chromosomal location of heterochromatin and rDNA sites and the structure of the endoreplicated nuclei of C. approximata seemed to be similar to those known in monocentric nuclei, suggesting that centromeric organization has little or no effect on chromatin organization.Key words: Cuscuta, holocentric chromosomes, heterochromatin.
16
Meng, Xingpan, Ning Lv, Xinglin Wang, et al. "Molecular Mechanism of Cuscuta Haustorium Specialization Inferences from Transcriptome and Metabolome Analysis." Metabolites 15, no. 3 (2025): 172. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo15030172.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Cuscuta australis R. Br. is a parasitic herbaceous plant that obtains nutrients by forming specialized structures called haustoria to invade host plants. Methods: In this study, we elucidated the differences in the gene expression regulation and metabolic characteristics between Cuscuta australis and Glycine max (Glycine max (L.) Merr. Var Williams) through comprehensive transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses. Results: The results demonstrated significant differences in the gene expression and metabolic features between the haustorium and the distal stem segments. The differentially expressed genes absorbed by Cuscuta australis from the soybean host influence amino acid metabolism, and the expression of the S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase gene may affect the production of 5′-methylthioadenosine. A high expression of the chalcone synthase enzyme could lead to an increased daidzein content. Many Glycine max genes were also integrated into Cuscuta australis within the haustorium. Conclusions: This study systematically analyzed, for the first time, the significant differences in gene expression and metabolic characteristics between the haustoria and distal stem segments of Cuscuta. It also explored the nutrient absorption mechanisms of the host plant. Additionally, the research discovered that Cuscuta can absorb a substantial amount of host genes and adapt to its parasitic lifestyle through differential gene expression and metabolic changes. These findings provide important insights into the parasitic mechanisms of Cuscuta australis and lay the foundation for the development of effective control strategies.
17
Usmany, Marthinus, and Pieter Kakisina. "IDENTIFIKASI TUMBUHAN SUMBER PAKAN DAN TINGKAT PALATABILITAS KUSKUS (FAMILI PHALANGERIDAE) DI DESA LUMOLI, SERAM, MALUKU." JURNAL KAJIAN VETERINER 6, no. 1 (2018): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.35508/jkv.v6i1.961.
Full textAbstract:
Cuscus is an Australian animal (marsupial) whose distribution is limited in Indonesia and its population is declining due to threats hunted for consumption, and traded illegally. To overcome the above problems it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive study of the type of feed in the hope of helping the conservation of these animals, especially in captivity. The purpose of this research is to study the types of plants as cuscus that live in captivity of Lumoli Village, West Seram District. This research begins with the observation of the type of kursus that lives in captivity of Lumoli Village. Study of feed type, depiction, and analysis. The results showed 44 species of plants in the village of Lumoli West Seram District, Maluku can be used as cuscus feed in captivity. Very good plant part as Source of Feed is young leaf of 28 species of plant (63,63%), 25 species (56,81%) are fruits, 4 species (9,09%) are flowers, 3 species (6,81 %) is a young shoot. The level of palatability of the cuscus indicates that the brown cuscus and white cuscus correspond to 43 plant species (97.72%) and can not be done 1 plant species (2.27%) (water apple), while the spotted cuscus and the gray magic cuscus 43 (97.72 %) plant types and unlike 1 plant species (2.27%) (Tomi-tomi). The proximate test results showed the highest ash content was available in the gray cuscus (18.95%) and the lowest in brown couscous (11.41%), the highest crude protein content in the gray cuscus (28.01%) and the lowest in white cuscus (23, 64%), crude fat content in cuscus totol (4.92%) and lowest in gray cuscus (2.93%), crude fiber content in gray cuscus (27.99%) and lowest in brown cuscus (21, 68% ). Can be concluded there are 44 types of forest plants that can be consumed either in the form of young leaves, fruit, flowers and young shoots. Further research is needed on additional types of feed for the cuscus in captivity.
18
Park, Inkyu, Jun-Ho Song, Sungyu Yang, Wook Jin Kim, Goya Choi, and Byeong Cheol Moon. "Cuscuta Species Identification Based on the Morphology of Reproductive Organs and Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequences." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 11 (2019): 2726. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20112726.
Full textAbstract:
The genus Cuscuta (Convolvulaceae) comprises well-known parasitic plants. Cuscuta species are scientifically valuable, as their life style causes extensive crop damage. Furthermore, dried seeds of C. chinensis are used as a Korean traditional herbal medicine. Despite the importance of Cuscuta species, it is difficult to distinguish these plants by the naked eye. Moreover, plastid sequence information available for Cuscuta species is limited. In this study, we distinguished between C. chinensis and C. japonica using morphological characterisation of reproductive organs and molecular characterisation of chloroplast genomes. The differences in morphological characteristics of reproductive organs such as style, stigma, infrastaminal scale, seed shape and testa ornamentation were useful for distinguishing between C. japonica and C. chinensis. Analysis of chloroplast genomes revealed drastic differences in chloroplast genome length and gene order between the two species. Although both species showed numerous gene losses and genomic rearrangements, chloroplast genomes showed highly similar structure within subgenera. Phylogenetic analysis of Cuscuta chloroplast genomes revealed paraphyletic groups within subgenera Monogynella and Grammica, which is consistent with the APG IV system of classification. Our results provide useful information for the taxonomic, phylogenetic and evolutionary analysis of Cuscuta and accurate identification of herbal medicine.
19
Maulana, F. A., N. Santoso, and D. A. Rahman. "Habitat Preference and Habitat Suitability of Cuscus in the Work Area of PT Wijaya Sentosa, Teluk Wondama Regency." Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika (Journal of Tropical Forest Management) 28, no. 1 (2022): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.7226/jtfm.28.1.49.
Full textAbstract:
Previous studies are most focusing on the species identification and habitat used by cuscus, while habitat changes are the most threats on cuscus. Habitat changes caused by the operation of logging concession such as PT Wijaya Sentosa creates an impact to the habitat selection of cuscus, which is highly dependent on forest cover. Efforts to protect cuscus species in production forests need to be carried out to ensure their sustainability habitat. This study aims to determine habitat preference of cuscus and model the suitability habitat of cuscus. The Neu index calculation is used to measure the level of habitat preference, while the habitat sustainability map is modelled by biotic, abiotic, and human disturbance components into MaxEnt application. Vegetation data is analyzed to describe tree density, tree richness, and strata using of cuscus by SexFI application. The study showed that the most preferred habitat by cuscus is LoA 2018 because LoA 2018 had the most species richness so cuscus might be able to choose their vegetation food. The habitat suitability of cuscus in PT Wijaya Sentosa covers 21,116.59 ha and didn’t follow the pattern of increasing Et+ logging but was strongly influenced by logged blocks as much as 55.2% contribution.
20
Pazy, Batia, and Uzi Plitmann. "Unusual chromosome separation in meiosis of Cuscuta L." Genome 34, no. 4 (1991): 533–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g91-082.
Full textAbstract:
This study suggests that precocious division of centromeres and probably inverted meiosis (i.e., the rare occasion in meiosis when the equatorial division precedes the reductional division) occur not only in Cuscuta babylonica Choisy but also in several other dodders, regardless of their chromosome number. It was found in four additional species, all of which belong to subgenus Cuscuta. At least two other species (of subgenus Grammica and subgenus Monogyna) undergo the usual process. Therefore, Cuscuta warrants closer study and may provide a better understanding of inverted meiosis as well as the regular process of meiosis.Key words: inverted meiosis, precocious division of centromere, Cuscuta spp.
21
Costea, Mihai, Ignacio García Ruiz, and Saša Stefanović. "Systematics of “horned” dodders: phylogenetic relationships, taxonomy, and two new species within the Cuscuta chapalana complex (Convolvulaceae)." Botany 89, no. 10 (2011): 715–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b11-049.
Full textAbstract:
The Cuscuta chapalana complex (Convolvulaceae) is a recently circumscribed clade within the subgenus Grammica that includes several little-known species from Mexico and Central and northern South America characterized by the presence of peculiar subapical multicelullar appendages on the corolla and often on the calyx lobes. Basic morphology, scanning electron microscopy, and DNA sequence data from the plastid trnL–F region and the 26S rDNA and internal transcribed spacer nuclear regions were used to investigate the phylogenetic relationships within the group and to test the species limits. Multicellular appendages are horn-like or tubular in shape and bear one or more stomata at their tips; hence the vernacular name “horned” dodders. Eight lineages were reconstructed; two of them, both from Mexico, were described as new species: Cuscuta bonafortunae Costea & I. García, sp. nov., and Cuscuta carnosa Costea & Stefanović, sp. nov. Cuscuta pringlei is redefined as a variety of Cuscuta strobilacea . A taxonomic treatment with an identification key, descriptions, and illustrations is provided.
22
Sudira, Egi, Innes Prameswary, Intan Aliyani, and Ade Suryanda. "Meta Analisis Populasi Kuskus (Ailurops sp. & Strigocuscus sp.) dan Upaya Pelestarian Habitat Kuskus di Kepulauan Sulawesi." Panthera : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Sains dan Terapan 3, no. 3 (2023): 150–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.36312/panthera.v3i3.188.
Full textAbstract:
The cuscus is endemic to Sulawesi which now based on data from the IUCN has an endangered status caused by the destruction of the cuscus' natural habitat as well as poaching. This research was conducted to determine the natural habitat of the cuscus and conservation efforts to maintain the sustainability of the cuscus in Indonesia. This study uses a literature review method. The data obtained was then analyzed quantitatively by calculating a similarity index to find out the similarity of the cuscus habitat and finding solutions for conservation efforts that can be carried out. Based on the results of a literature review, it is known that cuscus can be found in the Sulawesi archipelago, at low, medium and high altitudes. This statement is reinforced by the results of calculating the similarity index which shows an index value of more than 0.50 for each observation location which indicates a fairly even distribution of cuscus. Meanwhile, efforts to preserve the existence of the cuscus are through efforts to appreciate the value of the existence of the cuscus as an endemic animal to Indonesia, taking part in protecting the cuscus' natural habitat and not engaging in poaching, and complying with Indonesian conservation regulations.
23
Kiroh, H. J., M. J. Hendrik, F. S. Ratulangi, and S. C. Rimbing. "Studi penyebaran populasi dan daya dukung habitat Kuskus Beruang (Ailurops ursinus) di Pulau Manado Tua Sulawesi Utara." ZOOTEC 41, no. 1 (2021): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.35792/zot.41.1.2021.33525.
Full textAbstract:
STUDY OF SPREADING POPULATION AND HABITAT CARRYING CAPACITY OF THE SULAWESI BEAR CUSCUS (Ailurops ursinus) AT MANADO TUA ISLAND OF NORTH SULAWESI. Manado Tua Island is still keeping the endemic Sulawesi bear cuscus (Ailurops ursinus), dwarf cuscus (Strigocuscus celebensis), black macaque (Macaca nigra), tarsius (Tarsius spectrum) as well as some kinds of plant biodiversity including forest galangal (Alpina sp.) and forest pandanus (Pandanus sp.), all should be protected intensively. Objective of this study was to evaluate spreading population and habitat carrying capacity of bear cuscus (Ailurops ursinus) at the Island of Manado Tua I and II, to be used for recommendation package of conservation model on the base of administrative condition of Manado governmental areas. The Variables observed in this study were population density of bear cuscus and dwarf cuscus as well as their habitat carrying capacity of plant vegetation including categories of try, bush, thicket and seedling levels. Data of wild animals were found by Line Transect Method. Plant vegetations were calculated based on the important index values of each category level. Result showed that Manado Tua I Island was inhabited by dwarf cuscus (Strigocuscus celebensis) of about 295 heads and bear cuscus (Ailurops Ursinus) of about 49 heads. Manado Tua II Island was inhabited by dwarf cuscus (Strigocuscus celebensis) of about 305 heads and bear cuscus (Ailurops Ursinus) of about 57 heads. Habitat carrying capacity of try vegetation level of the important index values was about 298,65% and seedling vegetation level of about 300,68%. These mean that carrying capacity was supporting the conservation for both kinds of cuscus in Manado Tua Island. These population of the endemic wild animals in Manado Tua I dan II Islands should be protected as their habitat area was degrading due to uncontrol illegal logging and hunting by local community.Keywords: habitat carrying capacity, dwarf cuscus, bear cuscus
24
Usmany, Marthinus, and Pieter Kakisina. "Kajian Molekuler Kuskus (Famili Phalangeridae) di Penangkaran Desa Lumoli, Seram, Maluku Berdasarkan Urutan Gen ATP8." JURNAL KAJIAN VETERINER 7, no. 1 (2019): 12–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.35508/jkv.v7i1.652.
Full textAbstract:
The cuscus is an Australian animal (marsupial) which belongs to the Phalangeridae family and its distribution is limited in eastern Indonesia, Australia and Papua New Guinea. Through IUCN data, cuscus is categorized as endangered species, in CITES it is classified as Appendix II. The population of cuscus is decreasing due to the threat of deforestation, many are hunted for consumption, and are traded illegally. To overcome the above problems, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive study of the study of cuscus genotypes in the hope that they can assist in future wildlife conservation efforts. The purpose of this study was to molecularly examine the types of living cuscus in captivity in Lumoli Village, West Seram Regency, Maluku. This research begins with the stages of DNA isolation through cuscus tissue. DNA isolation products were amplified in the ATP 8 gene region by the PCR method, sequenced. Data was analyzed using MEGA program version 5.1. The PCR reaction produces 681 bp of product. The results of the analysis obtained 85 different nucleotide sites. The nucleotide sequence of the ATP 8 gene was analyzed using kimura 2 parameters. The construction of the filogram using the neighbor joining method with a bootstrap value 1000 times based on the ATP 8 gene sequence shows the kinship between the four types of cuscus, which produces two branches of Phalanger and Spilocuscus, namely brown cuscus related to white cuscus and related cuscus with spotted cuskus.
25
Felayati, Nela Resta, Nyoto Santoso, and Dede Aulia Rahman. "The Estimation of Cuscus Population and Distribution in Teluk Wondama District, West Papua Province, Indonesia." Media Konservasi 29, no. 1 (2024): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/medkon.29.1.37-48.
Full textAbstract:
Cuscus is a marsupial mammal endemic to the eastern part of Indonesia. Populations and their habitats are under pressure due to economic development, population growth and utilization of forest resources. So far, studies on cuscus ecology have mainly focused on protected habitats or conservation areas, this study aims to identify and analyze populations and predict the distribution of cuscus in non-protectes area which is PT Wijaya Sentosa. This research conduct in November 2020 until January 2021 in several land cover categories. The methods used in this study include literature and secondary data studies, field observations using strip-transect and camera trap techniques, interviews using purposive sampling techniques. This study found nine individuals of cuscus from direct observation with strip-transects and two individuals of cuscus from camera trapping. The ground cuscus population (P. gymnotis) had the highest abundance and density, while the common spotted cuscus (S. maculatus) population owned the lowest values. The population structure dominates by male sex and adult age class, and no female sex and young age class were found. Cuscus was more commonly found solitary in the line of observation and not found in every line. The shape of the distribution pattern of the cuscus population at PT Wijaya Sentosa is cluster/aggregated, determined from the value of the dispersion index and the ratio of variance to mean. The most common ground cuscus was found in the 2018 and the 2013 logging area (LOA).
26
Kunu, Pretty, Maya Puttileihalat, and John Sahusilawane. "INVENTARISASI POTENSI PAKAN KUSKUS DI TAMAN NASIONAL MANUSELA (RESORT MASIHULAN)." MARSEGU : Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi 1, no. 4 (2024): 305–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.69840/marsegu/1.4.2024.305-326.
Full textAbstract:
This research aims to determine the types of plants that have the potential to be used as cuscus food, determine the parts of plants that function as cuscus food, and determine the availability of cuscus food in their habitat. This research uses a descriptive method using the route transect technique carried out in Manusela National Park (Masihulan Resort). The research instrument generally carried out by researchers is field observation. The data obtained consisted of the type of feed consumed by cuscus, the plants consumed by cuscus (leaves, fruit and bark), and the potential types of feed (density, dominance and frequency) at the research location. The results of data analysis show that there are 27 types of plants that are categorized as cuscus food in the research area and the most preferred cuscus are Bintanggur (Calophyllum inopyllum), Wako (Carallia brachiate merr.), Wapane, Forest Nutmeg (Knema cinerea), Redwood (Pinus sylvestris), Forest Belo (Diospyrus celebica), Siki Wood (Palaquium javense burck). The results of the research show that the part of the plant most liked and consumed by cuscus is the leaves of young shoots in very large quantities compared to the fruit and bark of the tree. Finally, the research results show that the availability and regeneration of cuscus feed is still very good, this can be seen from the dominance values obtained both at tree level and at pole level.
27
Sahu, Himalay, Nitish Tiwari, Thakkar Singh, D. Anil, and Harendra Kumar. "Herbicidal Management of Cuscuta spp. in Berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) Crop." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 13, no. 10 (2023): 1629–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i102818.
Full textAbstract:
Aims: To correlate the efficiency of herbicides towards control of Dodder (Cuscuta spp.) in green forage and seed yield of berseem crop.
 Study Design: Randomized block design (RBD).
 Place and Duration of Study: Research cum Instructional Farm, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (C.G.) during the Rabi season of 2019-20.
 Methodology: The experiment consisted of three replications and ten treatments, in which oxyfluorfen was applied as pre-emergence herbicide and pendimethain was applied as pre-emergence and early post-emegence herbicide while imazethepyr, imazamox 35 % + imazethapyr 35 % (ready mix) and sodium acifluorfen 16.5 % + clodinafop-propargyl 8 % (ready mix) were applied as post-emergence herbicides in different proportion along with control.
 Results: No cuscuta infestation was observed during the experimentation period under any treatments (T1, T2, T3). Highest cuscuta length (41.20 cm), threads (3.00/m2), and dry weight (0.49 g/m2) were recorded just before 1st cutting with treatment (T7). Just before 2nd cutting, the highest cuscuta length (46.32 cm), threads (4.00/m2), and dry weight (0.74 g/m2) were recorded with treatment (T5) and before 3rd cutting, the highest cuscuta length (53.11 cm), threads (5.00/m2), and dry weight (1.06 g/m2) recorded under control (T10). No cuscuta infestation after herbicide application in all treatments. The significantly highest total green forage and seed yield of 60.12 ton/ha and 0.35 ton/ha were recorded under the pre-emergence application of oxyfluorfen 250 g/ha (T3) as compared to the rest of the treatments.
 Conclusion: The selective action of oxyflourfen, pendimethalin, and imazethapyr on berseem and non-selective control of weeds, including cuscuta spp., resulted in minimal weed competition during critical growth stages. This created a favourable environment for berseem, leading to improved growth, yield quality, and overall crop productivity. The effective herbicidal treatments played a vital role in enhancing berseem yield.
28
Alberternst, Beate, and Horst Tremp. "Schwächt Cuscuta lupuliformis die Konkurrenzkraft von Reynoutria japonica?" Decheniana : Verhandlungen des Naturhistorischen Vereins der Rheinlande und Westfalens 154 (January 1, 2001): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/decheniana.v154.4519.
Full textAbstract:
An verschiedenen Polykormonen von Reynoutria japonica am Ufer des Mittelrheins bei Mehlem und Königswinter wurden Bestände der Pappel-Seide (Cuscuta lupuliformis Krocker) gefunden, die den Japan-Knöterich in einem dichten Geflecht überzogen. Mit Hilfe von Messungen zur effektiven Quantenausbeute wurde untersucht, ob eine Schwächung von Reynoutria japonica durch die parasitisch lebende Pappel-Seide nachzuweisen ist. Wir konnten keine akuten, sondern nur im Zusammenhang mit der Trockenheit des Standorts auftretenden Schädigungen durch Cuscuta lupuliformis an den Reynoutria-Polykormonen feststellen. Weiterhin wurden die oben genannten Rheinufer auf neue Wirtspflanzen von Cuscuta lupuliformis untersucht und dabei 10 neue Wirtspflanzen der Pappel-Seide entdeckt, von denen sechs Arten zu den Neophyten zählen. Bedingt durch das breite Wirtspflanzenspektrum, ihre passive Ausbreitung mit Wirtspflanzen und mit Flusssedimenten ist zu erwarten, dass sich Cuscuta lupuliformis entlang von Flüssen auch zukünftig weiter ausbreiten wird.
29
Löffler, C., A. Sahm, F. C. Czygan, P. Proksch, and V. Wray. "SOLUBLE PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS FROM CUSCUTA REFLEXA AND CUSCUTA PLATYLOBA." Acta Horticulturae, no. 381 (December 1994): 654–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1994.381.91.
Full text
30
Löffler, Christiane, Antje Sahm, Victor Wray, Franz-Christian Czygan, and Peter Proksch. "Soluble phenolic constituents from Cuscuta reflexa and Cuscuta platyloba." Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 23, no. 2 (1995): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-1978(95)93846-u.
Full text
31
Lin, Ming-Kuem, Meng-Shiou Lee, Hui-Chi Huang, Tun-Jen Cheng, Yih-Dih Cheng, and Chi-Rei Wu. "Cuscuta chinensis and C. campestris Attenuate Scopolamine-Induced Memory Deficit and Oxidative Damage in Mice." Molecules 23, no. 12 (2018): 3060. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23123060.
Full textAbstract:
The seeds of Cuscuta chinensis Lam. and C. campestris Yuncker have been commonly used as Chinese medical material for preventing aging. Our previous studies have found that C. chinensis and C. campestris possess anti-inflammatory activities in rodents. However, their other biological activities, such as memory-improving properties, have not yet been explored. In the present study, we examined the memory-improving effects of the extracts of C. chinensis and C. campestris on scopolamine (SCOP)-induced memory deficit and explored their underlying mechanism in mice. Both Cuscuta species improved SCOP-induced memory deficits in the passive avoidance test, elevated plus-maze, and spatial performance test of the Morris water maze in mice. In addition, compared with mice injected with SCOP, mice pretreated with both Cuscuta species stayed for a longer time on the platform for the probe test of the Morris water maze. Moreover, both Cuscuta species reduced brain acetylcholinesterase activity and malondialdehyde levels that were increased by SCOP, and the species restored the activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase) and the levels of glutathione that were decreased by SCOP in the brains of mice. Both Cuscuta species further decreased brain interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α levels that were elevated by SCOP. We demonstrated that both Cuscuta species exhibited a protective activity against SCOP-induced memory deficit, cholinergic dysfunction, oxidative damage, and neuroinflammation in mice, and C. campestris has better potential than C. chinensis. In addition, we provided evidence that the seeds of C. campestris can be used as Cuscutae Semen in Traditional Chinese Medicine.
32
Mikona, Cord, and Wilhelm Jelkmann. "Replication of Grapevine leafroll-associated virus-7 (GLRaV-7) by Cuscuta Species and Its Transmission to Herbaceous Plants." Plant Disease 94, no. 4 (2010): 471–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-94-4-0471.
Full textAbstract:
Grapevine leafroll-associated virus-7 (GLRaV-7) was transmitted from an Albanian grapevine accession to Tetragonia expansa by the parasitic dodder Cuscuta reflexa and to Nicotiana occidentalis by Cuscuta europea. Cuscuta campestris was infected by GLRaV-7 but could not transfer the virus to an experimental host. Transmission of the virus was verified by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) from total nucleic acid (TNA) and double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) extracts from all five plant species. DsRNA extractions separated on agarose gels showed strong visible bands corresponding to high-molecular-weight virus genome and to subgenomic RNA. GLRaV-7 was maintained in C. reflexa, C. campestris, T. expansa, and N. occidentalis for more than 4 years. Infected T. expansa and the Cuscuta species remained symptomless while N. occidentalis showed severe symptoms leading to stunting and decline of the plants. Quantitative PCR showed great differences in the titer of GLRaV-7 between the tissues of its natural and experimental host plants. This is the first report on a virus of the Closteroviridae that was successfully transmitted to an herbaceous plant by dodder. Virus replication could be demonstrated in Cuscuta. Both the new experimental hosts of GLRaV-7 and Cuscuta allowed extraction of dsRNA for further characterization of the viral genome, which previously required grapevine scraping of phloem. This is time-consuming and does not always lead to satisfactory results. These alternative hosts of GLRaV-7 facilitate nucleic acid extractions and could be used as model plants for etiological studies.
33
Folarin, Rachael O., Jamiu O. Omirinde, Ronald Bejide, Tajudeen O. Isola, Levi I. Usende, and Afisu Basiru. "Comparative Hepatoprotective Activity of Ethanolic Extracts of Cuscuta australis against Acetaminophen Intoxication in Wistar Rats." International Scholarly Research Notices 2014 (September 10, 2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/730516.
Full textAbstract:
This study investigates the comparative hepatoprotective activity of crude ethanol extracts of Cuscuta australis against acetaminophen (APAP) intoxication. Thirty-six rats were randomly divided into six groups of 6 replicates: Group 1 which served as control received water. Group 2 was orally administered 835 mg/kg body wt. of paracetamol on day 8. Groups 3 and 4 were orally administered ethanolic extracts of the seed of Cuscuta australis in doses of 125 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg, respectively, for 7 days and then intoxicated as in Group 2 on the 8th day. Groups 5 and 6 received similar oral doses of Cuscuta australis stem extracts for 7 days and then intoxicated as in Groups 3 and 4. Group 2 rats showed severe periportal hepatic necrosis, significantly elevated serum hepatic injury markers, markedly increased lipid peroxidation, and decreased hepatic antioxidant enzymes activities. Remarkably, Cuscuta australis (seed and stem) extract pretreatments in Groups 3, 4, 5, and 6, most especially, the stem extract pretreatment in Groups 5 and 6, improved better the hepatic histoarchitecture, the hepatocellular, and the oxidative stress injury markers in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusively, ethanol extractions of Cuscuta australis stem appear to protect the liver from acetaminophen intoxication better than the seed counterpart.
34
Fernández-Aparicio, Mónica, Gabriele Soriano, Marco Masi, Pilar Carretero, Susana Vilariño-Rodríguez, and Alessio Cimmino. "(4Z)-Lachnophyllum Lactone, an Acetylenic Furanone from Conyza bonariensis, Identified for the First Time with Allelopathic Activity against Cuscuta campestris." Agriculture 12, no. 6 (2022): 790. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12060790.
Full textAbstract:
Cuscuta species are obligate parasitic plants that infect the stems of a wide range of hosts including many crop and weed species causing severe agricultural problems. Using in vitro experiments to screen organic extracts prepared from fifteen autotrophic weed species found in agricultural fields infested with Cuscuta campestris, we have identified for the first time a strong phytotoxic activity in Conyza bonariensis extract against C. campestris. Additional pot experiments revealed that seven day-old Cuscuta seedlings had reduced capacity to coil and properly attach on Conyza plants, leading to reduced parasitic weed infection. Via activity-guided fractionation of Conyza extracts, we isolated and identified the acetylenic furanone (4Z)-lachnophyllum lactone as the major active component, with a concentration required to achieve reduction of 50% Cuscuta seedling growth (IC50) of 24.8 µg/mL. The discovery of (4Z)-lachnophyllum lactone bioactivity could aid the development of efficient and sustainable management strategies for C. campestris, whose control is limited or non-existent.
35
Vemuri, Jyothi G. Suryanarayana Murthy G. Nagaraj M. Khalilullah. "CUSCUTA SPECIES MEDICINAL APPLICATIONS AND EFFECTS BASED ON THEIR EXTRACTIVE COMPOUNDS." Journal of Pharma Research 10, no. 2 (2021): 05–11. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6473040.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Cuscuta species are plays a very robust and important role in the medicinal applications, this plant stems and seeds have highly important medicinal values. Some research studies say those Indian tribes and other traditional communities are used this plant as purgative, carminatives and external application for skin diseases. And it had antiviral and anti cancerousvactivities. Cuscuta reflexa Roxb, is prevalent in various regions of Bangladesh. And extracts of the stem reportedly demonstrated anti-steroidogenic and antibacterial activities The various pharmacological activities of whole plant or plant parts having particular activity.Two of the widely used plants for treatment of this disease are the stems (vines) of Cuscuta reflexa and leaves of Calotropis procera. It was the objective of the present study to evaluate the hypoglycemic potential of methanol and chloroform extracts of stems of Cuscuta reflexa and methanol extract of leaves of Calotropis procera Further research work is necessary to isolate, characterize the phytochemical constituents with effective pharmacological study.
36
RANJAN, Rakesh, Manoj KUMAR, Amar KUMAR, and Manoranjan Prasad SINHA. "Hepatoprotective activity of Cuscuta reflexa aqueous and alcoholic extracts against CCl4 induced toxicity in rats." Balneo Research Journal, Vol.11, no.4 (December 5, 2020): 463–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.12680/balneo.2020.379.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction In the present study the impact of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Cuscuta reflexa were investigated on rats intoxicated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). CCl4 is known to intoxicate the liver of rats which can be easily be observed by examining the total protein, total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase ALT). Cuscuta reflexa have been used in traditional medicine culture from time immemorial. In this study both the aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Cuscuta reflexa were found to have curative impact on liver profile of CCl4 intoxicated rats. Materials and Methods. The stem of Cuscuta reflexa were collected from host bougainvillea, dried in shade and were subjected to alcoholic (ethanolic), and aqueous extraction. Albino rats were intoxicated with CCl4 to induce hepatotoxicity. The CCl4 intoxicated rats were treated with low dose and high dose of both the extracts to assess the hepatoprotective impact on intoxicated rats. The results clearly revealed that the CCl4 administration altered liver profile. The altered liver profile parameters recovered to normal after administration of aqueous and alcoholic extracts. Results and Discussion. Administration of CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats, which was evident with the results of serum analysis. Post CCl4 administration the liver profile parameters were altered. The CCl4 intoxicated rats were then treated with aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Cuscuta reflexa. Post treatment with the extracts the liver profile parameters recovered to normal. Conclusion: Present study reveals that aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Cuscuta reflexa were found to have curative impact on liver profile of CCl4 intoxicated rats. Keywords: Custuca reflexa, CCl4, hepatoprotective, liver profile, alcoholic extract, aqueous extract,
37
Aistova, E. V., and N. Yu Leusova. "The genus Cuscuta L. in East Asia." Turczaninowia 18, no. 2 (2015): 111–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/turczaninowia.18.2.12.
Full text
38
Ahmad, Nisar, Palwasha Khan, Abdullah Khan, et al. "Elicitation of Submerged Adventitious Root Cultures of Stevia rebaudiana with Cuscuta reflexa for Production of Biomass and Secondary Metabolites." Molecules 27, no. 1 (2021): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27010014.
Full textAbstract:
Stevia rebaudiana is an important medicinal plant that belongs to the Asteraceae family. The leaves of Stevia rebaudiana are a rich source of many health-promoting agents such as polyphenols, flavonoids, and steviol glycoside, which play a key role in controlling obesity and diabetes. New strategies such as the elicitation of culture media are needed to enhance the productivity of active components. Herein, the Cuscuta reflexa extracts were exploited as elicitors to enhance the productivity of active components. Cuscuta reflexa is one of the parasitic plants that has the ability to elongate very fast and cover the host plant. Consequently, it may be possible that the addition of Cuscuta reflexa extracts to adventitious root cultures (ADR) of Stevia rebaudiana may elongate the root more than control cultures to produce higher quantities of the desired secondary metabolites. Therefore, the main objective of the current study was to investigate the effect of Cuscuta reflexa extract as a biotic elicitor on the biomass accumulation and production of antioxidant secondary metabolite in submerged adventitious root cultures of Stevia rebaudiana. Ten different concentrations of Cuscuta reflexa were added to liquid media containing 0.5 mg/L naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). The growth kinetics of adventitious roots was investigated for a period of 49 days with an interval of 7 days. The maximum biomass accumulation (7.83 g/3 flasks) was observed on medium containing 10 mg/L extract of Cuscuta reflexa on day 49. As the concentration of extract increases in the culture media, the biomass gradually decreases after 49 days of inoculation. In this study, the higher total phenolics content (0.31 mg GAE/g-DW), total flavonoids content (0.22 mg QE/g-DW), and antioxidant activity (85.54%) were observed in 100 mg/L treated cultures. The higher concentration (100 mg/L) of Cuscuta reflexa extract considerably increased the total phenolics content (TPC), total phenolics production (TPP), total flavonoids content (TFC), total flavonoids production (TFP), total polyphenolics content (TPPC), and total polyphenolics production (TPPP). It was concluded that the extract of Cuscuta reflexa moderately improved biomass accumulation but enhanced the synthesis of phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidant activities. Here, biomass’s independent production of secondary metabolites was observed with the addition of extract. The present study will be helpful to scale up adventitious roots culture into a bioreactor for the production of secondary metabolites rather than biomass accumulation in medicinally important Stevia rebaudiana.
39
Bock, FD, A. Fer, and G. Marigo. "Effect of Fusicoccin on Sucrose Exchanges Between a Host, Pelargonium zonale, and a Higher Parasitic Plant, Cuscuta reflexa." Functional Plant Biology 22, no. 4 (1995): 553. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp9950553.
Full textAbstract:
The sucrose exchange characteristics at the level of contact between a host, Pelargonium zonale (L.) Aiton, and a parasite, Cuscuta reflexa Roxb., were investigated by studying the effects of fusicoccin (FC). With isolated haustoria of Cuscuta, FC stimulated the activity of the plasma membrane ATPase. This action was established by FC-increased proton extrusion. FC-increased O2 consumption and FC-increased 86Rb uptake. Nevertheless, FC strongly inhibited (by 30-50%) sucrose uptake and strongly enhanced (by 42-47%) sucrose release. These results, which are discussed in relation to the physiology of the association between host and parasite, outline the very special properties of the haustorium of Cuscuta.
40
Goremykina, Yevgeniya V., Aleksandra D. Azaryan, Esong Linda Akime, and Kseniya Y. Leshchina. "The features of xylem tracheary elements in some herbaceous members of the family Convolvulaceae Horan." Turczaninowia 24, no. 3 (2021): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/turczaninowia.24.3.10.
Full textAbstract:
Numerous narrow xylem tracheary elements (tracheids and vessels) are present in liana stems, along with a few wide vessels that perform the main water-conducting function. This trait, known as “vessel dimorphism”, has been identified in studies on water-conducting tissue in autotrophic plants, including a large number of perennial climbing plants and a number of annual vines. Information is lacking on the presence of vessel dimorphism in parasitic plants of the lianescent habit. In this study, we performed a structural analysis of stems in the autotrophic herbaceous vines of Convolvulus arvensis L. and Calystegia sepium (L.) R. Br., as well as in the parasitic vines of Cuscuta monogyna Vahl, Cuscuta planiflora Ten., Cuscuta approximata Bab., and Cuscuta campestris Yunck., of the family of Convolvulaceae Horan. The xylem of C. arvensis and C. sepium contains a few wide conductive elements and many narrow ones. This feature is typical of autotrophic climbing plants. Only narrow tracheary elements are present in the xylem of the parasitic vines of the genus of Cuscuta L. (dodders). The total number of the tracheary elements is an order of magnitude less in the dodders than it is in the autotrophic vines. It is possible that the autotrophic ancestor of dodders lost the characteristic feature of the xylem of climbing plants, known as vessel dimorphism, during its transition to the parasitic lifestyle.
41
Rahmia, Rahmia Nugraha, and Abdul Haris Mustari Mustari. "Habitat Characteristics and Diet of Bear Cuscus (Ailurops ursinus) in Tanjung Peropa Wildlife Reserve, Southeast Sulawesi." Jurnal Wasian 4, no. 2 (2017): 55–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.62142/x971yz69.
Full textAbstract:
Bear cuscus (Ailurops ursinus) which is vulnerable in the IUCN Redlist, is one of the endemic protected animal that lives in the lowland forests of Sulawesi. This research aimed to identify habitat characteristics, diet, and daily activities of bear cuscus in Tanjung Peropa Wildlife Reserve, Southeast Sulawesi. This research was carried out from February to March 2017. Habitat characteristics were identified using vegetation analysis, diet were identified using direct and non-direct observation, and daily activities were identified using ad-libitum sampling. The highest important value index of tree at the Mobula path and Mata Air path were Pisonia umbellifera (28.33 %) and Chisocheton ceramicus (44.72 %), respectively. The vegetation species diversity was high and the vegetation species evenness was distributed. A total of 80 species of plants were recorded which are the potential diet of bear cuscus. The highest percentage parts of plants that bear cuscus consumed were shoot (36.19 %) and young leaves (36.19 %). Bear cuscus daily activities were resting (89.05 %), moving (5.83 %), foraging (2.71 %), and feeding (2.41%). Bear cuscus preferred the C stratum of vegetation for their daily activities.
42
Williams, Casey R., Nicholas P. Tippery, and Donald H. Les. "Genetic identification of submersed dodder (Cuscuta: Convolvulaceae) in Texas, U.S.A." Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 16, no. 2 (2022): 585–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17348/jbrit.v16.i2.1269.
Full textAbstract:
Cuscuta plants that were observed growing entirely submersed and parasitizing the aquatic macrophyte Hygrophila polysperma in the San Marcos and Comal Rivers in Texas, are identified genetically as C. obtusiflora. This note documents the first molecular identification of any Cuscuta species naturally growing underwater or parasitizing a submersed aquatic plant.
43
Glofcheskie, Morgan, Tristan Long, Anna Ho, and Mihai Costea. "Inflorescences of Cuscuta (Convolvulaceae): Diversity, evolution and relationships with breeding systems and fruit dehiscence modes." PLOS ONE 18, no. 5 (2023): e0286100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0286100.
Full textAbstract:
Cuscuta (dodder) includes ca. 200 species of plant obligate stem parasites with enormous ecological and economical significance. Inflorescences have been historically used in Cuscuta for species descriptions and identification keys, but no comprehensive study exists to date. The main objectives of this study were to survey the diversity and evolution of inflorescences and to uncover their possible form-function relationships. The inflorescence architecture of 132 Cuscuta taxa was analysed using herbarium specimens and eight species were grown to study their inflorescence development. Inflorescence traits were mapped into a genus phylogeny obtained from a combined analysis of nuclear ITS and plastid trnL-F sequences. To test the hypothesis that inflorescence architecture is connected to sexual reproduction, correlations between inflorescence traits (using Principal Components), sexual reproductive traits (pollen/ovule ratios, corolla length and diameter), fruit charaters (fruit length and width), and the modes of dehiscence were analyzed. Based on their development, three major types of inflorescences were observed: “Cuscuta type”, a simple, monochasial scorpioid cyme; “Monogynella type”, a compound monochasial scorpioid cymes with the longest primary axes having prolonged vegetative growth and giving the appearance of thyrses; and “Grammica type”, a compound monochasial scorpiod cymes with up to five orders of axes. Maximum likelihood analyses suggested Monogynella as the ancestral type, while Cuscuta and Grammica were derived. Overall, the total length of axes exhibited a reduction trend throughout the genus evolution, but it was not correlated with the pedicels length. Inflorescences with similar architectures may exhibit contrasting pollen-ovule ratios. Positive significant correlations were noted between the size of the flower traits and pollen-ovule ratios. Several modes of dehiscence had statistically significant different total axes lengths, suggesting that the infructescence architecture is connected to the modes of dehiscence in Cuscuta and therefore seed dispersal.
44
Bazeia, D., A. S. Lobão, M. A. Marques, and R. Menezes. "Cuscuta-Galileon braneworlds." Physics Letters B 838 (March 2023): 137738. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2023.137738.
Full text
45
Zagorchev, Lyuben, Alexandra Atanasova, Kalina Pachedjieva, Anita Tosheva, Junmin Li, and Denitsa Teofanova. "Salinity Effect on Germination and Further Development of Parasitic Cuscuta spp. and Related Non-Parasitic Vines." Plants 10, no. 3 (2021): 438. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10030438.
Full textAbstract:
Plants are continuously subjected to the unfavorable impact of abiotic stress factors, of which soil salinity is among the most adverse. Although away from direct soil contact throughout most of their lifecycle, stem parasitic plants of the genus Cuscuta, family Convolvulaceae are also affected by salinity. The present study aimed to assess salt stress impact on germination and early establishment of three Cuscuta species, in comparison to related nonparasitic vines of the same family. It was found, that Cuscuta spp. are highly sensitive to NaCl concentration within the range of 200 mM. Germination was delayed in time and reduced by nearly 70%, accompanied by decrease in further seedling growth, ability to infect host plants and growth rate of established parasites. The nonparasitic vines showed similar sensitivity to salinity at germination level, but appeared to adapt better after the stress factor was removed. However, the negative effect of salinity did not fully prevent some of the Cuscuta species from infecting hosts, probably a beneficial characteristic at a species level, allowing the parasite to successfully thrive under the scarce host availability under saline conditions.
46
Baráth, Kornél, and János Csiky. "Host range and host choice of Cuscuta species in Hungary." Acta Botanica Croatica 71, no. 2 (2012): 215–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10184-012-0002-z.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract - Extensive field studies were carried out in Hungary to get a picture of the host range and host choice of the Cuscuta species under natural conditions.We examined both parasitised and unparasitised plant species and found some aspects in which they are different. Compiling the host spectra of the various Cuscuta species based on herbaria, literature and our own observations, we can say that dodders infest at least 26% of the vascular flora of the country. In our study, the Hungarian Cuscuta species parasitised all plants that had a coverage of more than 25% in the sampling sites.We prepared a list of the most frequent host species for the parasites and revealed the importance of exclusive hosts. The results suggest that the habitat differences of the Cuscuta species can be responsible for the different host ranges. Furthermore, it was found that the reason why dodders parasitise plants from various life-forms in different proportions is not (only) the active host choice, but the characteristic features of the habitats.
47
Lesik, E. V., I. A. Kreshchenok, N. Y. Leusova, and G. F. Darman. "Morphological characteristics of seeds of four species of the genus Cuscuta (Cuscutaceae) of the Amur Region." Botanicheskii Zhurnal 109, no. 8 (2024): 780–92. https://doi.org/10.31857/s0006813624080048.
Full textAbstract:
The genus Cuscuta is one of the complex taxonomic groups of flowering plants. This paper presents the results of the study of the seed morphology and the seed coat sculpture of the Cuscuta campestris Yanck., C. tinei Inzenga, C. japonica Choisy, C. europaea L., occurring in the Amur Region. The study of the seed external structure has shown that the color, shape, the characteristics of the seed surface and the shape of the hilum are species-specific. The seed hilum in C. japonica, C. campestris, C. europaea is clearly visible, while in C. tinei it is barely noticeable, slightly depressed. Based on morphological characteristics, a short key has been compiled to identify the studied species of the genus Cuscuta by their seeds.
48
Musselman, Lytton J. "Parasitic weeds and their impact in South-West Asia." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 89 (1986): 283–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269727000009106.
Full textAbstract:
SynopsisThree groups of SW Asiatic parasitic weeds are reviewed: the root parasites Striga (Scrophulariaceae), Cistanche and Orobanche (Orobanchaceae); and the stem parasites Cuscuta (Convolvulaceae). Striga hermonthka and S. asiatica are serious pests on sorghum, millet, and maize in parts of N and S Yemen and Saudi Arabia. Striga densiflora has apparently been introduced from India to Oman where it parasitises sugar-cane and sorghum. Species of Orobanche are widespread throughout almost all the region and cause serious losses in tomatoes, tobacco, broadbeans, melons and other crops. Cistanche phelypaea has recently been shown capable of attacking sugar beet. Species of Cuscuta (Convolvulaceae), widespread in SW Asia, mainly affect legume crops, especially lucerne. Considerable taxonomic research is still needed in Orobanche, Cistanche, and Cuscuta.
49
Marinova, Bianka, Kalina Pachedjieva, Anita Tosheva, Denitsa Teofanova, and Lyuben Zagorchev. "Potential role of DNA methylation and histone H3 acetylation in parasitism of Cuscuta." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1305, no. 1 (2024): 012016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1305/1/012016.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Cuscuta campestris, or field dodder, is a non-photosynthetic, parasitic weed and a prominent agricultural pest. It is widely distributed in various climatic conditions and parasitizes over 100 different host plants in Bulgaria. The objective of the present study was to test the hypothesis that epigenetic regulation is key to the adaptation of Cuscuta spp. to different environments and host plants, as well as the response of host plants to parasitism. First, we tested 12 populations of C. campestris. Still, we found no correlation between the percentage of methylated DNA or acetylated histones and the most common host plant species, although significant differences were found. However, the effect of Cuscuta parasitism was much more pronounced on the enzymes, responsible for both DNA methylation and histone acetylation in the host plants. While changes were not so notable in the susceptible model host, Arabidopsis thaliana, the resistant host Solanum lycopersicum responded to parasitism with increased DNA methyltransferase and histone deacetylase activities and decreased DNA demethylation. All this suggests adaptation to parasitism, which is partially guided by epigenetic regulation. Further studies, including mapping of the methylated regions, are needed to better understand the epigenetic mechanisms of host adaptation to Cuscuta parasitism.
50
Zhang, Quanzhong, and Jinming Hu. "Do Faster-Growing Holoparasitic Plant Species Exhibit Broader Niches and Wider Global Distributions?" Plants 14, no. 6 (2025): 831. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14060831.
Full textAbstract:
Parasitic organisms, as an important component of ecosystems, have long been a focal point in ecological research, particularly concerning the relationship between their growth characteristics, ecological niche, and distribution patterns. This study selects the holoparasitic plant species Cuscuta campestris Yunck., Cuscuta australis R.Br., and Cuscuta chinensis Lam. from the Cuscuta subgenus Grammica as model species to explore the relationship between the growth rate, ecological niche breadth, and global distribution patterns of parasitic plants. Through greenhouse experiments and data analysis, the main findings of this study indicate a strong positive correlation between the growth rate, ecological niche breadth, number of global occurrence points, and global distribution area for C. campestris, C. australis, and C. chinensis. The significant correlation between growth rate and ecological niche breadth suggests that the intrinsic growth characteristics of parasitic plants may significantly influence their realized ecological niche. Furthermore, the experimental results show that when C. campestris, C. australis, and C. chinensis parasitize non-native hosts from the Americas, they produce greater biomass than when parasitizing native hosts from China. In conclusion, this study provides new support for ecological theories regarding species adaptability, distribution patterns, and environmental influences, and offers directions for future research.