Relevant bibliographies by topics / Customized material

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Customized material'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 28 May 2022
Last updated: 29 May 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Customized material"

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Maeshima, Satoshi, and Masatoshi Teranishi. "Customized Thermoelectric Device Using Anisotropic Material." Materia Japan 54, no. 10 (2015): 505–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/materia.54.505.

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Vijayakumar, A. "Customized Osteomesh Cranioplasty." Journal of Advanced Plastic Surgery Research 2, no. 1 (2016): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31907/2414-2093.2016.02.05.

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Cranioplasty, one of the oldest surgical procedures used to repair cranial defects, has undergone many revolutionary changes over time to find the ideal material to improve patient outcome. The surgical challenge in repairing large calvarial defects is known to craniofacial surgeons. Ongoing researches on various cranioplasty materials continue with the help of recent technology. Stem cell experiments and development of morphogenic proteins are expected to take the lead in future. With the aid of Computer Aided Designing technology, all currently used alloplastic materials can be custom made for even large skull defect. We present a case of young female patient following trauma underwent craniotomy and complicated with bone graft loss. Patient initially underwent cranioplasty using a PMMA implant, inspite of its excellent tensile strength was not proven to be effective it sustained fracture and got exposed. A customized osteomesh of polycaprolactone (PCL) with a titanium scaffold with bone morphogenic protein (BMP) was impregnated with stem cells was used in cranioplasty. This aided in osseoinduction, which was later proved by imaging. Empirically, there has been no ideal material for cranioplasty; however, materials that are strong, resistant to infection, radiolucent, inexpensive, and able to reincorporate with a patient's craniotomy defect will offer the greatest advantages for such patients and hence PCL with such qualities proves to be a good alternative. Keywords: Cranioplasty, Composite graft, Osteomesh, Stem cells.
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Arai, Eiji, Hideo Suzuki, and Masatoshi Teranishi. "Delight Customized Optimization Design Using Anisotropic Material." Materia Japan 54, no. 10 (2015): 500–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/materia.54.500.

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Kawaguchi, Aki, Tetsushi Ogawa, Mika Mizutani, and Masatoshi Teranishi. "Delight Assessments for Customized Products with Anisotropic Material." Materia Japan 54, no. 10 (2015): 513–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/materia.54.513.

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Bogiel, Grzegorz. "Customized weapons identification tests." Issues of Forensic Science 308 (2020): 47–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.34836/pk.2020.308.2.

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The article raises the issue of individual weapons identification tests which can be performed, including when it is not possible to fire shots in order to obtain comparative material. The article describes one of such cases, involving bursting of the cartridge chamber of a shotgun during the shooting.
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Malik, Robin, Anmol S. Kalha Osre, Anil K. Chandna, Amrita Puri, and Riddhi Chawla. "Effects of debonding a conventional & customized lingual appliance on enamel structure- An invitro study." Orthodontic Journal of Nepal 10, no. 3 (2020): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ojn.v10i3.35485.

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Introduction: To evaluate the surface changes on enamel structure after debonding of customized and conventional lingual brackets bonded using restorative dual cure bonding material and a chemically cured bonding material with and without sandblasting.
 Materials and Method: The sample consisted of 40 premolar teeth extracted for the purpose of orthodontic treatment. Enamel surface changes, prior to bonding, were studied using a stereomicroscope (Olympus SZX7) and an optical microscope. 20 extracted premolars were arranged in 2 arch forms with 5 teeth in each quadrant, after which impression of the arches with rubber base impression material was made. These impressions were then sent to the laboratory for the fabrication of a customized lingual appliance. The remaining 20 premolars were divided into 2 arches, each arch having 10 extracted premolars divided into 4 sets, 1st to test customized brackets bonded with chemical cure resin without sandblasting, 2nd to test customized brackets with dual cure resin without sandblasting, 3rd to test conventional brackets with chemical sure resin with and without sandblasting and 4th to test conventional brackets bonded with dual cure resin with and without sandblasting. The post debonding photographs were analyzed using a standardized grid and Surface Roughness Index.
 Result: Thus, enamel defects are likely to be caused post debonding despite of using any combination. However, the surface roughness index has been shown to be highest post debonding in cases where customized brackets have been bonded using dual cure resin along with sandblasting.
 Conclusion: While a clinician may opt for a material like Rely X U200 to bond lingual appliances in order to have a better clinical management of the appliance, but he would have to keep the possibility of irreversible damage to enamel post debonding.
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Kitahara, Toshihiro, Hiroki Shirato, Takeshi Nishioka, et al. "A new mold material for customized patient positioning in radiotherapy." Radiotherapy and Oncology 47, no. 1 (1998): 77–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8140(98)00003-6.

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Kao, C. H., C. H. Hsu, J. C. Lee, H. W. Wang, and K. K. Tsai. "Customized material choice for Asian rhinoplasty: how we do it." Clinical Otolaryngology 36, no. 2 (2011): 165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-4486.2011.02266.x.

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Zolfagharian, Ali, Mohammad Lakhi, Sadegh Ranjbar, and Mahdi Bodaghi. "Custom Shoe Sole Design and Modeling Toward 3D Printing." International Journal of Bioprinting 7, no. 4 (2021): 396. http://dx.doi.org/10.18063/ijb.v7i4.396.

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This study introduces a design procedure for improving an individual’s footwear comfort with body weight index and activity requirements by customized three-dimensional (3D)-printed shoe midsole lattice structure. This method guides the selection of customized 3D-printed fabrications incorporating both physical and geometrical properties that meet user demands. The analysis of the lattice effects on minimizing the stress on plantar pressure was performed by initially creating various shoe midsole lattice structures designed. An appropriate common 3D printable material was selected along with validating its viscoelastic properties using finite element analysis. The lattice structure designs were analyzed under various loading conditions to investigate the suitability of the method in fabricating a customized 3D-printed shoe midsole based on the individual’s specifications using a single material with minimum cost, time, and material use.
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Annur, Dhyah, Muhammad S. Utomo, Talitha Asmaria, et al. "Material Selection Based on Finite Element Method in Customized Iliac Implant." Materials Science Forum 1000 (July 2020): 82–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1000.82.

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Osteosarcoma, as the most frequent bone tumor cases, can be found in the pelvis bone. Within the pelvis, the ilium is the most common location for osteosarcoma, followed by the acetabulum and then the ischium. Surgery of pelvis is difficult and the reconstruction is complicated mainly due to the geometry complexity and also the weight support function of the pelvis. Endoprosthesis of the ilium is therefore designed to increase the quality of life of the patient. In this study, the iliac implant is designed based on the natural geometry of the ilium, and the size is modified to fit the morphometry of the Eastern Asian. A finite element method (FEM) is proposed as a basic study in material selection. Titanium and its alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) are studied as the potential candidate for the proposed implant while the finite analysis of the bone was also included. As a preliminary study, in this FEM, only the static load is given, each material is assumed to be isotropic and the contacts were considered bonded. FEM in this study is expected to give a better understanding of the stress distribution, and to optimize the selection of materials.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Customized material"

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Johansson, My Ngoc, and Hasbani Salwa Al. "Minimization of Output Variation in Mass Customized Production." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Industriell organisation och produktion, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-38410.

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During the past decades, there have been an acceleration of customers’ needs of customized products. This have pressured many companies in offering customized products in order to reach customer satisfaction and keep growing and expanding their market share. Nowadays the competitive pressure between companies with the same product segment is increasing and the market requirements are changing rapidly. To handle this competition, many manufacturing companies are focusing on mass customized production. However, mass customization has been a topic of interest for many researchers. The focus has been in studying and understanding the complexity and the constrains that a company encounter when dealing with mass customized production in mostly the automotive industry. One of the constrains that have been less highlighted by researchers were the effects that mass customized production has on the output variation of production lines. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis is to investigate how to minimize output variations in mass customized production within assembly lines. To do that the researchers focused on studying the output variation in whitegoods industry instead of the automotive industry that captures most of the existing research. The study includes two main research questions. The first question was to identify the factors that affect the output variation in mass customized production. While the second question was to identify applicable solutions that can be used to stabilize the output. To ensure the reliability and validity of the research findings, the researchers used multiple case study combined with literature reviews. To answer the research questions several data collection techniques were used in the multiple case study conducted on two lines. Those data collection techniques were participating observations, document reviews, a semi-structured interview and many conversations with the affected persons. The findings from the case study for research question one showed consistency with the theories described in the theoretical background. This was evident because similar problems when it comes to output variations were defined in the theories. One problem was about the simplification of assembly line balancing problem that was evident in both case studies. This was an effect of the missing product family classification which created a high output variation because of the use of only one line balancing for all product variants. Another problem identified included functionality problems of machines because of performing wrong assembly or the use of the wrong component. There was as well the problem of missing or delayed components which was an effect of the lack of structure in the material picking and the deliveries performed for both lines. A combination of those factors created the experienced output variation on both lines. To deal with those problems and minimize the output variation, a solution approach was defined in the second research question. This approach was created together with the case company with the help of the theoretical background and it presents several steps to follow when attacking and resolving similar problems as presented above. The most important conclusion of this thesis is that, when dealing with output variation in mass customized production where people are performing the assembly, it is essential to provide the right conditions for them to ensure that they have the right knowledge base to perform the requested assembly.
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Balasubramaniam, Arjun, and Naga Lakshmana Naidu Navuluri. "Analysis and improvement of material handling in a highly customized multi-variant product-based production system." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Produktionsutveckling, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-47399.

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Twenty first century manufacturing is characterized by customer specific products. Customers expect greater differentiation in the products that companies offer to them, thus changing the whole landscape of production. Greater the variety of products being offered to customers, greater is the complexity of shop floor operations. This complexity is translated to all the operations in the shop floor including material handling and inventory control. To overcome this situation, many manufacturers have turned to “Lean Manufacturing” to gain a competitive edge in the market by reducing costs and improving productivity in all operations throughout the shop floor. Therefore, this purpose of this thesis is to analyze the material handling of a highly customized multi-variant product-based production system. The thesis represents a case study that was done at a caravan manufacturing company in Tenhult, Sweden. During the study, data was gathered from field notes, observations and multiple semi-structured interviews. The findings were analyzed with respect to a theoretical background which was generated through an extensive literature review that was carried out throughout the research. Our analysis was based on a systems approach where the findings were categorized into three dimensions that affect material handling and inventory control. These dimensions are warehouse management systems, culture, and production management, which contribute to successful implementation of lean into the material handling operations and inventory control. In conclusion, the results show that efficient material handling and inventory control can only be achieved by finding a synergy between technology, people and organization. Our results also show that soft issues like organizational culture and employee culture need to be addressed along with technological issues because only when an alignment between people, technology and business objectives and values is achieved, lean implementation can be successful. Our results also show the need for better supplier customer collaboration to reduce inventory levels and material handling operation.
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Теницька, Д., Інна Володимирівна Сипченко, Инна Владимировна Сыпченко та Inna Volodymyriva Sypchenko. "Ознаки "джинси" на шпальтах українських ЗМІ різних рівнів". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/64874.

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На прикладі примірників газет «Сегодня» та «Ваш шанс» зроблено спробу виявити «джинсу» на сторінках друкованих ЗМІ та схарактеризувати її ознаки. Наведено порівняльний аналіз співвідношення замовних матеріалів на шпальтах газет регіонального та загальноукраїнського рівнів.<br>The work shows the attempt to identify the «джинсу» on printed media pages and to describe its characteristics on the example of two newspapers : «Сегодня» and «Ваш шанс». The article presents the comparative analysis of the value of customized materials in newspapers regional and national level.
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Bertol, Liciane Sabadin. "Contribuição ao estudo da prototipagem rápida, digitalização tridimensional e seleção de materiais no design de implantes personalizados." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/13668.

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O crescente aumento na expectativa de vida da população vem exigindo melhorias e atualizações a diversas áreas da ciência. Em decorrência disso, verifica-se que as fronteiras entre as diferentes áreas do conhecimento estão cada vez mais tênues, permitindo a sinergia entre as áreas e ações cooperativas, proporcionando melhorias significativas na resposta dada à sociedade em geral. Tal fenômeno ocorre na área relacionada a implantes ortopédicos, onde equipes de médicos, programadores, designers e engenheiros vêm desenvolvendo conjuntamente técnicas auxiliares de planejamento e execução cirúrgica, seleção de materiais adequados para utilização como implantes, softwares de visualização gráfica médica, design e fabricação de implantes personalizados, bem como a otimização dos mesmos. Tais medidas, realizadas por grupos interdisciplinares, representam grande avanço para a ciência e para a qualidade de vida da população. Neste sentido, o objetivo geral do presente trabalho foi o estudo das metodologias atualmente utilizadas para a obtenção de implantes personalizados para a reconstrução de defeitos craniofaciais. Buscou-se utilizar ferramentas da engenharia, design e computação gráfica para fornecer soluções para tais situações da área médica. Foram utilizadas técnicas de prototipagem rápida, sistema CAD/CAE/CAM, seleção de materiais, digitalização tridimensional a laser e softwares de visualização tridimensional de imagens médicas para o design e fabricação de implantes adaptáveis às necessidades individuais de cada paciente. Este trabalho estudou como os sistemas CAD/CAE/CAM e especialmente a prototipagem rápida, técnicas tradicionalmente utilizadas para aplicações industriais, podem contribuir para o aprimoramento de implantes ortopédicos. Foram estudados casos de diferentes pacientes com necessidade de reconstrução óssea facial decorrente de fraturas ou tumores. Seguindo o método tradicional de fabricação de implantes personalizados, modelos do crânio dos pacientes foram produzidos por prototipagem rápida e permitiram que os implantes fossem manualmente moldados para se adaptarem à estrutura anatômica do paciente em questão. Verificou-se a possibilidade de fabricação de implantes com alta complexidade geométrica, ocasionando melhora no posicionamento dos mesmos quando implantados, bem como redução no tempo de cirurgia. O método virtual de fabricação de implantes personalizados, estado da arte na área, foi utilizado para o design e fabricação de uma prótese de mandíbula. Tal método dispensou a utilização de modelos físicos do crânio do paciente, permitindo que a prótese fosse projetada em ambiente virtual e diretamente produzida no material adequado para ser implantado. As técnicas estudadas para a fabricação de implantes foram usinagem CNC seguida de moldagem, e sinterização seletiva a laser da liga Ti- 6Al-4V. Ambas as técnicas obtiveram resultados positivos, sendo que a usinagem CNC possui a vantagem de ser uma técnica largamente difundida no mercado. Os modelos produzidos por sinterização seletiva a laser apresentaram propriedades físicas adequadas para a aplicação (como densidade de 97%, por exemplo), além de possuírem vantagens intrínsecas à técnica, como a possibilidade de fabricação de modelos de grande complexidade geométrica, baixo peso (por possuírem vazios em seu interior), além de permitirem a fabricação de modelos otimizados, simulados previamente em ambiente virtual.<br>The increase in life expectancy of the general population is constantly demanding improvements and updates in different fields of the science. In this way, it is possible to observe that the borders among the different areas of the knowledge are very thin, leading to synergy between the areas and cooperative actions, resulting in improvements and better solutions for the problems of general society. This phenomenon occurs in the area related to orthopedic implants, where medical teams, programmers, designers and engineers develop together techniques to help on surgical planning and execution, selection of materials suitable for implantations, softwares for medical images, design and manufacturing of customized implants, as well as their optimization. These actions represent great improvements to science and to the life quality of the society. The objective of this work is to use engineering, design and computer graphic tools to give solutions for challenges in the medical field. Techniques such as rapid prototyping, CAD/CAE/CAM systems, material`s selection, three-dimensional laser scanning and medical softwares are used in order to design and manufacture customized orthopedic implants, suitable with the individual needs of each patient. This work investigated how CAD/CAE/CAM systems and rapid prototyping, techniques traditionally used for industrial applications, can help to improve orthopedic implants. Different cases of patients that needed facial reconstruction due to fractures or tumors were studied. According to the traditional method for production of customized implants, models of the patient skulls were manufactured through rapid prototyping, allowing to mould the implant directly on the physical model, so the implant could fit exactly in the patient`s anatomic structure. The feasibility of the manufacture of implants with high geometry complexity was also proved, leading to best fit of the implants in the patient during the surgery, as well as reduction of the surgery time. The virtual method for the production of customized implants, state of the art in the area, was used for the design and manufacturing of mandible prostheses. This method has no need of a physical model of the skull, making the design completely feasible in virtual environment and the model could be produced directly in the suitable material. The manufacturing technologies investigated were CNC milling and direct laser sintering of Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Both techniques presented positive results, and CNC milling has the advantage to be a very widespread technology. The models produced through direct laser sintering presented suitable physical properties (such as 97% density) and have some advantages intrinsic to the method, such as the feasibility of geometric complex models, light weight (because of the holes and pores inside), as well as the production of optimized structures, previously simulated in virtual environment.
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Mano, M. C. D. "Graphic material as an element to enhance personalised funerals." Interim : Interdisciplinary Journal, Vol 7, Issue 1: Central University of Technology Free State Bloemfontein, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/382.

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Published Article<br>Personalised funerals are defined as modernised, innovative, customised and specialised types of funerals. Personalised funerals are performed to reflect the individual's life and what he or she has accomplished (Broadbent 2002; Wolcott 1999). The aim of this study was to establish if there is a niche in South Africa for graphic material for personalised funerals. The importance of a personalised funeral is to comfort the attendees and avoid the funeral being too traumatic. One of the main questions that arose during this study is how well South Africans react to the idea of personalised funerals? Traditional funerals are gradually being improved by means of creating a more modernised and customised funeral. Funerals now include pictures, photographs and even slide shows of the deceased person (Jenga 2001). Informal receptions with bright colours and even a party after the services are becoming the preferred method (Edwards 2002). Orchids instead of roses, favourite songs instead of Bach, touching poems instead of traditional prayers (Wolcott 1999), slay coffins instead of a plain wooden coffin (Eybers 2007) all emphasise the need for personalised funerals. The aim of the first questionnaire was to establish if there is a niche in South Africa for graphic design material for personalised funerals and to assist with the various design implications that can be used in a funeral pamphlet. A second questionnaire was developed in order to include the opinion of a professional in the funeral industry, which could be beneficial in the design process. Through analysing these questionnaires, various design concepts were developed and applied to funeral pamphlets. The funeral industry already provides various services, for example catering, hiring of tents and vehicles. Why not graphic designers? The author of this study postulates that this could possibly develop a trend or need in South Africa, and expose more and more South Africans to personalised funerals.
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Monfared, Karlo. "3D printed food and customized siliconemolds : Investigating aesthetic appearance and food preparingmethods for a dysphagia diet." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-42247.

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Dysphagia is a serious eating disorder currently affecting around 100 thousand people in Sweden and it’s estimated that 1 in 10 people will develop some form of dysphagia during their lifetime around the world. The condition occurs mainly in elders and people who’ve suffered a stroke. The disorder prohibits proper swallowing of food, impairing the ability to close airways and let food enter the proper pathways. Patients with dysphagia have to eat grounded food in order to not suffer from malnutrition. The food is usually served in timbales which are sometimes decorated but might not look as appealing or realistic as one might think. The repetitive and unrealistic food creates further appetite loss which may lead to malnutrition. This is the case amongst many elderly in home care and the complications maybe very serious indeed, leading to organ dysfunction, hospitalization and eventually death. The current timbales made at the kitchens for elderly care in Helsingborg are punched with a tool in rectangular, circular shapes and often decorated. A solution would be to increase the aesthetics of the served timbales and make them realistically looking. 3D printing offers numerous new opportunities for food production and may very well set a standard in the future for producing aesthetically pleasing food. Silicone molds may also provide the same, if not better results at the time being at a fraction of the price, sufficing to revert any negative impacts of the current timbale appearance. In the hopes of proving both concepts the work will initially be focused on preparing a broccoli but also applying one of the concepts on a cinnamon bun providing additional application. This report presents the progress of designing a realistic 3D broccoli model, product development of a realistic broccoli food mold, 3D scanning, 3D food printing and a literature study. The designed model could not be printed due to the printing gel’s incapability of supporting complex structures. Instead master shapes created for shaping the food mold were scanned, sliced and printed. The same masters were used as means for a second food mold. Both food molds did manage to cast realistic shapes with a broccoli puré and of a soft gelatine suspension. Material alternatives were evaluated as well as manufacturing possibilities. The designed broccoli and a refined scanned broccoli were both offered for free as means for further research and development.
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Abedi, Melika, and Elin Thun. "Implementation of a Value-Based Pricing Model for a Customised Metal Recycling Solution." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-283558.

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As the stainless steel industry continues to grow, so does the environmental impacts generated by the various production processes. Such impacts not only affect the environment but pose great health concerns for humans and other living things. Therefore, it is necessary for all stakeholders to continuously improve their sustainability work. Metal recovery is one of the ways this can be done. There exists different organisations within the stainless steel industry, all of which are likely to benefit from metal recycling solutions. However, it is not obvious what models for value capture are most appropriate regarding such new technology. Adopting an appropriate value capture model is crucial for any organisation offering a service or a product. It is what ultimately determines an organisation’s revenues, profits as well as the amounts reinvested in the organisation’s growth for its long-term survival. By considering a case company offering a metal recycling solution, this study investigates how such a company may best leverage the value created by their technology. This is achieved by implementing a qualitative approach consisting of an extant literature review, accompanied by empirical findings through interviews with potential customers. Different factors affecting the formulation of an offering, as well as a value-based pricing model for that offering, are analysed. The study proposes a framework for how organisations can efficiently and effectively implement a value-based pricing model for a certain offering. This framework is put into context in regard to the empirical findings. Moreover, the empirical study identifies the potential customers’ perceived value as a result of the metal recycling solution as; opportunities for material reuse and circular economy in production, enhanced waste management, improved brand and the corporate image, and increased operational efficiency. Lastly, identified key determining factors of value realisation from the customer perspective were; payback time, operational aspects, organisational and operational size, type of offering of a metal recycling solution, regulations and public process surveillance and views on pricing strategy.<br>Medans den rostfria stålindustrin fortsätter att växa ökar även miljöpåverkan från dess olika produktionsprocesser. Sådana effekter påverkar inte bara miljön, utan utgör även stora hälsoproblem för människor och andra levande organismer. För att minska dess miljöpåverkan är det nödvändigt för alla parter inom industrin att kontinuerligt förbättra sitt hållbarhetsarbete. Ett alternativt sätt detta kan göras på är med hjälp av metallåtervinning. Det finns olika företag och organisationer inom den rostfria stålindustrin, som alla troligen kan dra nytta av metallåtervinningslösningar. Det är dock inte uppenbart vilka modeller för värdefångst som är mest lämpliga för en sådan teknik, vilket är problematiskt för de som erbjuder en sådan lösning. Att bestämma en lämplig modell för värdefångst är dock avgörande för alla organisationer som erbjuder en tjänst eller produkt. Det är det som i slutändan avgör en organisations intäkter, vinster samt de belopp som återinvesteras i organisationens tillväxt för dess långvariga överlevnad. Genom att studera ett företag som erbjuder en metallåtervinningslösning har denna studie som syfte att undersöka hur ett sådant företag bäst kan utnyttja det värde som skapas av deras teknik. Detta uppnås genom att implementera en kvalitativ metod som består av en litteraturstudie, följt av empiriska resultat från intervjuer med potentiella kunder till företaget. Olika faktorer som påverkar formuleringen av en produkt/tjänst och en värdebaserad prissättningsmodell för den produkten/tjänsten analyseras. Detta arbete tar fram och föreslår ett ramverk för hur organisationer effektivt kan implementera en värdebaserad prissättningsmodell för ett visst erbjudande. Detta ramverk sätts sedan i sammanhang i samband med de empiriska resultaten. Den empiriska studien identifierar även de potentiella kundernas upplevda värde till följd av metallåtervinningslösningen som; möjligheter för materialanvändning och cirkulär ekonomi i produktionen, förbättrad avfallshantering, förbättrat varumärke och företagsimage och ökad operativ effektivitet. Slutligen identifierades viktiga avgörande faktorer för värdeförverkligande ur kundperspektivet som; återbetalningstid, operativa aspekter, organisatorisk och operativ storlek, typ av erbjudande av metallåtervinningslösning, regler och offentlig processövervakning och syn på prisstrategi.
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Bagudanch, Frigolé Isabel. "Incremental sheet forming applied to the manufacturing of biocompatible polymer prostheses." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/461838.

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Incremental Sheet Forming (ISF) technology has been mainly applied on metallic sheets during the last years. ISF is used due to its flexibility, low costs, low batch production, production of complex geometries and customized prodcuts. For this reason ISF seems to be the ideal process for prosthesis production. The main objective of the thesis is to study the ISF technology, considering Single Point Incremental Forming (SPIF) and Two Point Incremental Forming (TPIF) variants, on biocompatible polymers to obtain a real customized cranial implant. The methodology is based on the following steps: a) Experimental work in SPIF to produce basic geometries using non-biocompatible and biocompatible polymers, b) Study of the influence of the process parameters, c) Case study: customized cranial implant. Achieving the objectives established in these stages will permit to improve the knowledge about ISF process in order to successfully manufacture customized implants at a low cost and reduced time-to-market<br>La tecnologia de deformació incremental de xapa (ISF) s’ha aplicat majoritàriament en metalls durant els últims anys. Aquesta tecnologia es caracteritza per la flexibilitat del procés amb costos baixos, producció en lots petits, obtenció de geometries complexes i personalització del producte, el que fa que un dels camps d’aplicació de la tecnologia sigui la fabricació de pròtesis. L’objectiu principal és el d’estudiar la tecnologia ISF, en les seves variants de Single Point Incremental Forming (SPIF) i Two Point Incremental Forming (TPIF), sobre polímers biocompatibles per obtenir una pròtesi de crani personalitzada. La metodologia es basa en: a) Experimentació en SPIF de geometries bàsiques utilitzant polímers no biocompatibles i biocompatibles, b) Determinació de la influència dels paràmetres de procés, c) Cas d’estudi: pròtesi de crani personalitzada. L’assoliment d’aquestes etapes permetrà obtenir satisfactòriament pròtesis personalitzades de crani amb un baix cost i un temps de fabricació reduït
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Wu, Cheng-Pin, and 吳承彬. "Customized Design and Development of Bi-material Composite Insole." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/29dh99.

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碩士<br>國立臺北科技大學<br>機電整合研究所<br>100<br>Come together with the awareness of health care, there are getting popular for people using functional insole in their shoes. Conventional methods to insole mass-customization industry have their limits. It is necessary to develop a new manufacturing process to overcome conventional time consuming and labor intensive process. The developed process should help customers having their personal insole in shortest time possible. This study proposes the concept of bi-material composite full size insole. The underlying selection of the Universal insole can effectively support the body weight. The plantar contact cushion is the other part of the insole which will bring the comfort touch by the total contact to the plantar as well as the soft material properties. The cushion layer design and manufacturing processing is the objectives of this study. In terms of design, this cushion layer for customizable full insole type should bring the ankle stable function and to average the foot pressure. It is achieved by to total contact shape design. In terms of the manufacturing, the engraving machine 3-axis NC machining adapt with vacuum chuck is used to suck this soft insole material for machining. A large ball mill (φ16mm) has been chosen to shorten the total machining path together with a smooth surface result. Moreover, a self-designed vacuum machine has been used to bond both universal insole and the machined soft cushion. The insole can show good ankle stability and foot pressure averaging results in the pressure pad testing. This research can achieve fast and customized results, has potential for future market.
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Lin, Cheng-wei, and 林正偉. "A study of forecasting demand for shared materials in mass-customized footwear." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73109710031478009012.

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碩士<br>逢甲大學<br>工業工程與系統管理學研究所<br>97<br>Recently, in order to response diverse customers’ demand, enterprise’s production models trend to mass customization model from mass production model. Mass-customized is one of production models based on customer-demand-orientated and its diversification product combinations consist of variety materials and components. Therefore, the demand prediction of materials and components under mass-customized production model will be more important than traditional mass production model, and through well selecting better prediction models will help enterprises acquire suitable inventory level, and reduce inventory cost and risk as well. This article uses a shoe model, PN-S type, as an example from mass-customized footwear departments of Nike Company to analyze its material demand quantity of every single month for almost 15-month duration. Applying EXCEL and LINDO software to simulate demand quantity through 3 prediction models, Exponential Smoothing model, Grey Prediction model and Fuzzy Exponential Smoothing model, and then compare the simulation results with real demand quantity. As to simulation result, the simulation of Fuzzy Exponential Smoothing model is superior to others when there is an obvious uptrend demand for materials. When to simulate short-term demand quantity, Fuzzy Exponential Smoothing model provides more stable stimulation result than Grey Prediction model. Comparing the result of 3 prediction methodologies for predicting demand quantity of mass-customized with real demand quantity concludes this research analysis and hopefully, this effort will provide a reference to footwear manufactures whom intend to implement mass customization production model.
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Books on the topic "Customized material"

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Publishing, Pear Hill. Don't Panic! I'm a Professional Material Moving Worker : Customized 100 Page Lined Notebook Journal Gift for a Busy Material Moving Worker: Far Better Than a Throw Away Greeting Card. Independently Published, 2020.

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Selected Materials from Life Span Development Customized for Iowa State University. 9th ed. McGraw-Hill, 2004.

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Notebooks, Materials Science Engineer Personalized Gift. I'm a Materials Science Engineer What's Your Superpower ? Unique Customized Gift for Materials Science Engineer Profession - Journal with Beautiful Colors, 120 Page, Thoughtful Cool Present for Materials Science Engineer ( Materials Science Engineer Noteb. Independently Published, 2019.

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Publishing, Big Science. Don't Panic! I'm a Professional Materials Scientist : Customized 100 Page Lined Notebook Journal Gift for a Materials Scientist: Much Better Than a Throw Away Greeting or Birthday Card. Independently Published, 2020.

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Publishing, Big Tech. Don't Panic! I'm a Professional Materials Technician : Customized 100 Page Lined Notebook Journal Gift for a Materials Technician: Much Better Than a Throw Away Greeting or Birthday Card. Independently Published, 2020.

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Publishing, Big Tech. Don't Panic! I'm a Professional Materials Technologist : Customized 100 Page Lined Notebook Journal Gift for a Materials Technologist: Much Better Than a Throw Away Greeting or Birthday Card. Independently Published, 2020.

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Miller, Edwin L., Michael J. Cavaretta, and Howard G. Zaharoff. Ready to Use: Biological Materials Transfer Agreement - Contract Sample on CD-Rom That Can be Customized to Fit Your Needs (Ready to Use). Aspatore Books, 2004.

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Lema Vélez, Luisa Fernanda, Daniel Hermelin, María Margarita Fontecha, and Dunia H. Urrego. Climate Change Communication in Colombia. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.598.

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Colombia is in a privileged position to take advantage of international climate agreements to finance sustainable development initiatives. The country is a signatory of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the Kyoto Protocol, and the Paris Agreements. As a non-Annex I party to the UNFCCC, Colombia produces low emissions in relation to global numbers (0.46% of total global emissions for 2010) and exhibits biogeographical conditions that are ideal for mitigation of climate change through greenhouse gas sequestration and emission reductions. Simultaneously, recent extreme climatic events have harshly compromised the country’s economy, making Colombia’s vulnerability to climate change evident.While these conditions should justify a strong approach to climate change communication that motivates decision making and leads to mitigation and adaptation, the majority of sectors still fall short of effectively communicating their climate change messages. Official information about climate change is often too technical and rarely includes a call for action. However, a few exceptions exist, including environmental education materials for children and a noteworthy recent strategy to deliver the Third Communication to the UNFCCC in a form that is more palatable to the general public. Despite strong research on climate change, particularly related to agricultural, environmental, and earth sciences, academic products are rarely communicated in a way that is easily understood by decision makers and has a clear impact on public policy. Messages from the mass media frequently confuse rather than inform the public. For instance, television news refers to weather-related disasters, climate variability, and climate change indiscriminately. This shapes an erroneous idea of climate change among the public and weakens the effectiveness of communications on the issue.The authors contrast the practices of these sectors with those of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) working in Colombia to show how they address the specific climate communication needs facing the country. These NGOs directly face the challenge of working with diverse population groups in this multicultural, multiethnic, and megadiverse country. NGOs customize languages, channels, and messages for different audiences and contexts, with the ultimate goal of building capacity in local communities, influencing policymakers, and sensitizing the private sector. Strategies that result from the work of interdisciplinary groups, involve feedback from the audiences, and incorporate adaptive management have proven to be particularly effective.
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Book chapters on the topic "Customized material"

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Grassi, Giulia, Bjorn Sparrman, Ingrid Paoletti, and Skylar Tibbits. "4D Soft Material Systems." In Proceedings of the 2021 DigitalFUTURES. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5983-6_19.

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AbstractThis work introduces multi-material liquid printing as an enabling technology for designing programmed shape-shifting silicones. The goal of this research is to provide a readily available, scalable and customized approach at producing responsive 4D printed structures for a wide range of applications. Hence, the methodology allows customization at each step of the procedure by intervening either on the material composition and/or on the design and fabrication strategies for the production of responsive components. A significant endeavour is initiated to develop and engineer two different material systems that enable shape-shifting: silicone-ethanol composites and polyvinyl siloxane swelling rubbers. The printed samples successfully comply with the expected swelling behaviour through a variety of printed test patterns.
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Calì, Michele, Giulia Pascoletti, Alessandra Aldieri, Mara Terzini, Gerardo Catapano, and Elisabetta M. Zanetti. "Feature-Based Modelling of Laryngoscope Blades for Customized Applications." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70566-4_33.

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AbstractLaryngoscopes are used as diagnostic devices for throat inspection or as an aid to intubation. Their blade must be geometrically compatible with patients’ anatomy to provide a good view to doctors with minimal discomfort to patients. For this reason, this paper was aimed to investigate the feasibility of producing customized blades.The customizable blade model was developed following a feature-based approach with eight morphological parameters. The thickness of such a blade was determined through numerical simulations of ISO certification tests, where the finite element mesh was obtained by morphing a ‘standard’ mesh.The following procedure was applied: the model was built from the selected parameters; the blade was tested in silico; finally, the blade was produced by additive manufacturing with an innovative biodegradable material (Hemp Bio-Plastic® -HBP-) claimed to feature superior mechanical properties. The procedure evidenced that the mechanical properties of current biodegradable materials are unsuitable for the application unless the certification norm is revised, as it is expected.
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Wang, Jia-Chang, Hitesh Dommati, and Jung Cheng. "A Turnkey Manufacturing Solution for Customized Insoles Using Material Extrusion Process." In 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing Technologies. Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0305-0_18.

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Rashid, T., S. Sultana, G. S. Fischer, J. Pilitsis, and M. A. Audette. "Deformable Multi-material 2-Simplex Surface Mesh for Intraoperative MRI-Ready Surgery Planning and Simulation, with Deep-Brain Stimulation Applications." In Imaging for Patient-Customized Simulations and Systems for Point-of-Care Ultrasound. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67552-7_12.

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Wei, Yimeng, Areti Markopoulou, Yuanshuang Zhu, Eduardo Chamorro Martin, and Nikol Kirova. "Additive Manufacture of Cellulose Based Bio-Material on Architectural Scale." In Proceedings of the 2021 DigitalFUTURES. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5983-6_27.

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AbstractThere are severe environmental and ecological issues once we evaluate the architecture industry with LCA (Life Cycle Assessment), such as emission of CO2 caused by necessary high temperature for producing cement and significant amounts of Construction Demolition Waste (CDW) in deteriorated and obsolete buildings. One of the ways to solve these problems is Bio-Material. CELLULOSE and CHITON is the 1st and 2nd abundant substance in nature (Duro-Royo, J.: Aguahoja_Programmable Water-based Biocomposites for Digital Design and Fabrication across Scales. MIT, pp. 1–3 (2019)), which means significantly potential for architectural dimension production. Meanwhile, renewability and biodegradability make it more conducive to the current problem of construction pollution. The purpose of this study is to explore Cellulose Based Biomaterial and bring it into architectural scale additive manufacture that engages with performance in the material development, with respect to time of solidification and control of shrinkage, as well as offering mechanical strength. At present, the experiments have proved the possibility of developing a cellulose-chitosan- based composite into 3D-Printing Construction Material (Sanandiya, N.D., Vijay, Y., Dimopoulou, M., Dritsas, S., Fernandez, J.G.: Large-scale additive manufacturing with bioinspired cellulosic materials. Sci. Rep. 8(1), 1–5 (2018)). Moreover, The research shows that the characteristics (Such as waterproof, bending, compression, tensile, transparency) of the composite can be enhanced by different additives (such as xanthan gum, paper fiber, flour), which means it can be customized into various architectural components based on Performance Directional Optimization. This solution has a positive effect on environmental impact reduction and is of great significance in putting the architectural construction industry into a more environment-friendly and smart state.
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Iturrate, Mikel, Xabier Amezua, Xabier Garikano, Jose Antonio Oriozabala, Iñaki Martin, and Eneko Solaberrieta. "Generative Design in the Transmission System of a Skateboard." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70566-4_27.

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AbstractGenerative design (GD) is a new way of designing products that respond to the current characteristics of the 4.0 industry era. It allows the customization of designs and helps to minimize process times and material quantities. In the case study, two parts of the transmission system of a skateboard have been designed using GD of Solid Edge ST10. The design has been customized for 67 kg users who will use the skateboard for riding and not for jumping or doing tricks. On the other hand, the aim was to minimize the weight and the use of material for its manufacture. Once the initial solid is defined, the software generates specific designs for different levels of mass reduction or product quality. An axle with a mass reduction of 70% from the initial solid and a base with reduction of 60% have been proposed. The GD more than an alternative is a requirement to respond to the demands of the 4.0 industry in which customization and cost reduction are one of the fundamental pillars. This type of design, at the same time, forces to adapt the manufacturing processes so that it is necessary to manufacture in additive manufacturing (AM) machines.
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Dodwell, T. J., A. Sandhu, and R. Scheichl. "Customized Coarse Models for Highly Heterogeneous Materials." In Springer Series in Geomechanics and Geoengineering. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56397-8_72.

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Sreenatha Reddy, S., R. Dhanasekaran, M. Srihari, Sirgiripet Sai Kiran, S. Kalyan, and T. Anvesh Kumar. "Studies on Customized Compression Bandage Materials for Healing Injured Part." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7557-0_57.

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Tychsen, Jörn, and Joachim Rösler. "Production and Characterization of Porous Materials with Customized Acoustic and Mechanical Properties." In Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52429-6_30.

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Ghosh, Tabli, and Vimal Katiyar. "Chitosan-Based Edible Coating: A Customise Practice for Food Protection." In Materials Horizons: From Nature to Nanomaterials. Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9804-0_8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Customized material"

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A., Kain, Müller C., and Reinecke R. "Hot Melt Ink Printing Technology for Customized Protective Layers." In 8th International Conference on Multi-Material Micro Manufacture. Research Publishing Services, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-07-0319-6_221.

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Seepersad, Carolyn Conner, Janet K. Allen, David L. McDowell, and Farrokh Mistree. "Multifunctional Topology Design of Cellular Material Structures." In ASME 2006 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2006-99373.

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Prismatic cellular or honeycomb materials exhibit favorable properties for multifunctional applications such as ultra-light load bearing combined with active cooling. Since these properties are strongly dependent on the underlying cellular structure, design methods are needed for tailoring cellular topologies with customized multifunctional properties that may be unattainable with standard cell designs. Topology optimization methods are available for synthesizing the form of a cellular structure—including the size, shape, and connectivity of cell walls and the number, shape, and arrangement of cell openings—rather than specifying these features a priori. To date, the application of these methods for cellular materials design has been limited primarily to elastic and thermo-elastic properties, however, and limitations of standard topology optimization methods prevent direct application to many other phenomena such as conjugate heat transfer with internal convection. In this paper, we introduce a practical, two-stage, flexibility-based, multifunctional topology design approach for applications that require customized multifunctional properties. As part of the approach, robust topology design methods are used to design flexible cellular topology with customized structural properties. Dimensional and topological flexibility is embodied in the form of robust ranges of cell wall dimensions and robust permutations of a nominal cellular topology. The flexibility is used to improve the heat transfer characteristics of the design via addition/removal of cell walls and adjustment of cellular dimensions, respectively, without degrading structural performance. We apply the method to design stiff, actively cooled prismatic cellular materials for the combustor liners of next-generation gas turbine engines.
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Alqarni, Areej S., R. Hussin, S. N. Alamri, and S. K. Ghoshal. "A new host with customized intense lasing action: Ag nanoparticles and Ho3+ interplay." In PROCEEDINGS OF ADVANCED MATERIAL, ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0019893.

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Ocaktan, M. A. Beyazit, Ibrahim Kucukkoc, Aslan Deniz Karaoglan, Abdullah Cicibas, and Kadir Buyukozkan. "Scheduling Customized Orders: A Case Study at BEST Transformers Company." In The 3rd World Congress on Mechanical, Chemical, and Material Engineering. Avestia Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.11159/icmie17.118.

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Baboolal, Kevin, and Patrick Hosein. "Material and Cost estimation of a Customized Product based on the Customer’s description." In 2021 Second International Conference on Intelligent Data Science Technologies and Applications (IDSTA). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/idsta53674.2021.9660821.

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Garland, Anthony, and Georges Fadel. "Optimal Design of Topology and Gradient Orthotropic Material." In ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2017-67852.

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The goal of this research is to optimize an object’s macroscopic topology and gradient material properties subject to multiple loading conditions. The gradient material is modeled as an orthotropic material where the elastic modulus in the x and y directions can change in addition to rotating the orthotropic material to align with the loading condition at each point. This orthotropic material is similar to a fiber-reinforced material where the number of fibers in the x and y-directions can change at each point as well as the overall rotation of the material at each point. Repeating cellular unit cells which form a mesostructure can also achieve these customized orthotropic material properties. Homogenization theory allows calculating the macroscopic averaged bulk properties of these celluar materials. The mesostructures are an order of magnitude smaller than the macro structure which then allows small variations in strain and stress to be averaged out. The average (homogenized) properties of a group of these mesostructures can be customized by carefully designing the topology of the repeating unit cell used to make the mesostructure. In the past, gradient material optimization coupled to optimal fiber optimization has been used to design material properties within a single part. By combining topology optimization with gradient material optimization and fiber orientation optimization, the algorithm significantly decreases the objective, which is to minimize the strain energy of the object. Additive manufacturing techniques enable the fabrication of these designs by selectively placing reinforcing fibers or by printing different mesostructures in each region of the design. Finally, this work shows a comparison of simple topology optimization, topology optimization with isotropic gradient materials, and topology optimization with orthotropic gradient materials.
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Karaoglan, A. Deniz, M. A. Beyazit Ocaktan, Demet Gonen, Ali Oral, S. Selin Kundakci, and Can Tuncer. "Scheduling Customized Orders by Considering the Ergonomic Constraints: A Case Study at YEMTAR Company." In The 4th World Congress on Mechanical, Chemical, and Material Engineering. Avestia Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.11159/icmie18.112.

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Ranade, Mukund, R. Balu, P. Babu, and M. Nataraj. "Development of Advanced amd Customized Absorption Chillers From Indian Industry." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-13662.

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Indian absorption industry started customizing chillers first based on material or electrical requirements, like chillers for hazardous areas or using materials such as titanium, cupronickel, stainless steel, cladded plates etc. However, as knowledge about chiller technology has improved, many cycle variations have been designed and fabricated to suit customer requirements. This is commercially possible due to lower technical manpower costs in India. Such efforts have resulted in over 20 % market share of absorption chillers in spite of unfavorable fuel prices (higher gas and oil prices than electricity cost). This paper describes some of the cycles used for different applications based on customers' requirement such as double absorbers, various types of single double-effect chillers, twin hot water machines, and absorption heat pumps. Double absorbers used in India are of two types: Horizontal double absorbers and vertical double absorbers. The cycle COP of such chillers can exceed 1.46.
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Schrank, Elisa S., Alexander Razzook, Kota Takahashi, et al. "A Predictable and Repeatable Method to Rapidly Manufacture Function-Customized Passive-Dynamic Ankle Foot Orthoses." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80076.

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Passive-dynamic ankle-foot orthoses (PD-AFOs) are a type of ankle brace that rely on design and material properties to establish functional characteristics. Stiffness (resistance to bending) is an important functional characteristic that influences a brace’s level of assistance. While many agree that customizing a PD-AFO’s stiffness to meet an individual’s needs is essential to achieving enhanced function1, currently prescribed PD-AFOs are manually crafted, making it difficult to predictably or repeatedly customize orthoses. We have introduced a novel PD-AFO customization and manufacturing framework that uses freeform fabrication to rapidly fabricate PD-AFOs with objectively-customized characteristics including stiffness. Thus, the purpose of this study was to assess the predictability and repeatability of the stiffness values of PD-AFOs fabricated with our novel framework.
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Wimmer, Stephanie A., and Virginia G. DeGiorgi. "Material Orientations and Geometric Effects in Piezoelectric Actuators." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-13080.

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Piezoelectric materials are active materials that deform in response to both electrical and mechanical loadings. Traditional piezoelectric actuators are designed to exploit this deformation by aligning the material poling axes with the loading axes. However for complex loading or complex geometry this alignment may not maximize the desired actuation due to the anisotropic piezoelectric and elastic properties. A computational study of material and loading axes misalignment was completed to examine the performance of piezoelectric components. The study used finite element analysis to model difference geometries; a simple cylinder, an ASTM E8 tensile specimen, and a customized ASTM E8 tensile specimen. This study looked at electrical only and mechanical only loading. The material axes for each component is rotated from being aligned with the loading axes to various angles. The effect of rotating the material axes is discussed. Variations in stress, electric fields and deformations are noted.
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Reports on the topic "Customized material"

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Ludtka, GERALD M. Exploring Ultrahigh Magnetic Field Processing of Materials for Developing Customized Microstructures and Enhanced Performance. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/838516.

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The cassava seed system in Nigeria: Opportunities and challenges for policy and regulatory reform. International Potato Center, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4160/23096586rtbwp20202.

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In many African countries south of the Sahara, farmers depend on the cultivation of vegetatively propagated crops (VPCs) for both consumption and commercial purposes. Yet yields for these crops remain at low levels due, in part, to the persistent use of low-quality planting material. Efforts to improve the quality of planting material exchanged in markets or through other channels are often hampered by the unique biological and economic characteristics of vegetative propagation—characteristics that distinguish VPCs from the major cereal crops that drive and shape the policy and investment choices made in many of these countries. This suggests that continued investment in new technologies and systems to produce, package, and distribute VPC planting materials will require customized policies and policy support if these systems are to supply farmers with quality planting material at any significant and sustained scale. This paper explores these issues in the context of the cassava seed system in Nigeria by drawing on (1) prior research, public policy documents, and government statistics; (2) key informant interviews and focus group discussions with seed system actors; and (3) a unique dataset from the 2015 Cassava Monitoring Survey of Nigeria (CMS). The paper examines the production and supply of cassava planting material, the influence of various quality assurance systems on production and supply, and the implications for smallholder farmers in Nigeria. We describe the market, non-market, and regulatory systems that shape the cassava seed market in Nigeria, focusing on effectiveness, influence, and reach. We then explore the ground realities—how farmers actually acquire and use cassava planting material—given the (weak) state of markets and regulation. This is followed by a discussion of alternative policy and regulatory approaches to managing and expanding the cassava seed system, emphasizing a more decentralized approach that prioritizes investment in innovative capacity at the community and enterprise levels.
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