Academic literature on the topic 'Cutting force model'
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Journal articles on the topic "Cutting force model"
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Matsumura, Takashi, Takahiro Shirakashi, and Eiji Usui. "Adaptive Cutting Force Prediction in Milling Processes." International Journal of Automation Technology 4, no. 3 (2010): 221–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2010.p0221.
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An adaptive force model is presented to predict the cutting force and the chip flow direction in milling. The chip flow model in the milling process is made by piling up the orthogonal cuttings in the planes containing the cutting velocities and the chip flow velocities. The chip flow direction is determined to minimize the cutting energy. The cutting force is predicted using the determined chip flow model. The force model requires the orthogonal cutting data, which associate the orthogonal cutting models with the cutting parameters. Basically, the required data for simulation can be measured in the orthogonal cutting tests. However, it is difficult to perform the cutting tests with specialized setups in the machine shops. The paper presents the adaptive model to accumulate and update the orthogonal cutting data with referring the measured cutting forces in milling. The orthogonal cutting data are identified to minimize the error between the predicted and the measured cutting forces. Then, the cutting forces can be predicted well in many cutting operations using the identified orthogonal cutting data. The adaptive is effective not only in extending the database but also in improving the quality of the database for the accurate predictions.
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Matsumura, Takashi, Motohiro Shimada, Kazunari Teramoto, and Eiji Usui. "Predictive Cutting Force Model and Cutting Force Chart for Milling with Cutter Axis Inclination." International Journal of Automation Technology 7, no. 1 (2013): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2013.p0030.
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A force model for milling with cutter axis inclination is presented. The model predicts the cutting force and chip flow direction. Three-dimensional chip flow is interpreted as a piling up of the orthogonal cuttings in the planes containing the cutting velocities and the chip flow velocities in the inclined coordinate system with a ball end mill. The chip flow direction is determined to minimize the cutting energy consumed into the shear energy on the shear plane and the friction energy on the rake face. Then, the cutting force is predicted in the chip flow determined model. The presented cutting model is verified by comparing the predicted cutting forces to the measured forces in the actual cutting tests. As an advantage of the presented force model, the change in the chip flow direction during one rotation of the cutter is also predicted in the simulation for the cutter axis inclination and the cutting parameters. In the simulation, the effect of cutter axis inclination on the cutting process is discussed in terms of the tool wear and surface finish. The cutting force charts, in which the maximum values of the positive and the negative cutting forces are simulated for the inclination angles, are presented to review the cutter axis inclination. The applicable cutter axis inclination can be determined by taking into account the thresholds of the cutting force components.
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Matsumura, Takashi, Shoichi Tamura, and Pedro José Arrazola. "Cutting Force Prediction in Drilling of Anisotropic Materials." Key Engineering Materials 504-506 (February 2012): 1365–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.504-506.1365.
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The paper presents a predictive cutting force model in drilling of anisotropic materials. Three dimensional chip flow in drilling is interpreted as a piling up of the orthogonal cuttings in the planes containing the cutting velocities and the chip flow velocities. The cutting models in the chip flow are determined to calculate the cutting energy using the orthogonal cutting data. Then, the chip flow direction is determined to minimize the cutting energy. The cutting force can be predicted in the determined chip flow model. The cutting force with anisotropy in the material is modeled as the change in the shear stress on the shear plane. The shear stress changes with the rotation angle of the cutter. The cutting force prediction is verified in drilling of a titanium alloy. The anisotropic parameters are identified to minimize the model error between the measured and the predicted cutting forces. The periodical oscillation of the cutting force is also predicted by anisotropy in the shear stress.
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Ma, Yong Jie, Yi Du Zhang, and Xiao Ci Zhao. "Cutting Force Model of Aluminum Alloy 2014 in Turning with ANOVA Analysis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 42 (November 2010): 242–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.42.242.
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In the present study, aluminum alloy 2014 was selected as workpiece material, cutting forces were measured under turning conditions. Cutting parameters, the depth of cut, feed rate, the cutting speed, were considered to arrange the test research. Mathematical model of turning force was solved through response surface methodology (RSM). The fitting of response surface model for the data was studied by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The quadratic model of RSM associated with response optimization technique and composite desirability was used to find optimum values of machining parameters with respect to cutting force values. The turning force coefficients in the model were calibrated with the test results, and the suggested models of cutting forces adequately map within the limits of the cutting parameters considered. Experimental results suggested that the most cutting force among three cutting forces was main cutting force. Main influencing factor on cutting forces was obtained through cutting force models and correlation analysis. Cutting force has a significant influence on the part quality. Based on the cutting force model, a few case studies could be presented to investigate the precision machining of aluminum alloy 2014 thin walled parts.
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Zhang, Hai Jun, Yan Hua Huang, Guo Li, and Kai Du. "Cutting Force Model for Diamond Cutting Microstructured Surfaces." Applied Mechanics and Materials 325-326 (June 2013): 1460–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.325-326.1460.
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The depth of cut changed periodically along the contour of the cutting surfaces. The diamond tool of sharp point tip was used in diamond cutting microstructured surfaces with Fast Tool Serve (FTS). All reported the cutting force model were not suitable for accurately predicting cutting force. A cutting forces model concerned with edge radius, spring back and dynamic shear angle was proposed for diamond cutting microstructured surfaces. The model was verified with a series of experimental results. The results showed that the proposed model was able to exactly predict the cutting force.
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Liu, Hai Tao, Ya Zhou Sun, Ze Sheng Lu, and Li Li Han. "The Prediction Model of Cutting Forces Based on Johnson-Cook’s Flow Stress Model." Key Engineering Materials 392-394 (October 2008): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.392-394.1.
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Thin-walled parts with complex configurations are extensively used in aerospace and precise instrument industry. However, because of low stiffness, cutting forces, clamping forces and residual stresses in cutting have been the main factors influenced on machining accuracy of thin-walled parts. Furthermore, biggish deviation exists between practical finished surface and theoretical value as a result of machining deformation caused by cutting force namely “cutter relieving” phenomenon; besides, direct relation exists between determination of clamping force and generation of machining residual stress and cutting force, so it is necessary to build up accurate cutting force prediction model to improve the machining accuracy of thin-walled parts. Therefore, cutting force prediction model based on Johnson-Cook’s flow stress model and Oxley’s shear angle model has been developed, which takes the property of high strain, high strain ratio in area of cut and high cutting temperature into account fully and determines shear angle more accurately on the basis of force balance principle; with different cutting and tool geometric parameters existing, perform simulation and experiment studies on cutting force prediction model, verify the validity of prediction model and obtain the response rules resulted from cutting force prediction model acting on cutting and tool geometric parameters.
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Tamura, Shoichi, and Takashi Matsumura. "Cutting Force Prediction in Drilling of Unidirectional Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics." International Journal of Automation Technology 9, no. 1 (2015): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2015.p0059.
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An analytical forcemodel is applied in order to predict the cutting force in drilling of unidirectional Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics (CFRP). Because a threedimensional chip flow is interpreted as a piling up of the orthogonal cuttings, the shear angle, the shear stress on the shear plane and the friction angle in the orthogonal cutting are obtained in the cutting tests. Because the chip thickness and the cutting force of CFRP depend on the cutting direction for the fiber orientation, the orthogonal cutting data are associated with the relative angle of the cutting direction with respect to the fiber orientation. The cutting forces in drilling are predicted using the orthogonal cutting data. The force model considering the fiber orientation is verified in comparison of the predicted cutting forces and the measured ones.
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Park, Sunghyuk, S. G. Kapoor, and R. E. DeVor. "Mechanistic Cutting Process Calibration via Microstructure-Level Finite Element Simulation Model." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 126, no. 4 (2004): 706–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1813480.
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A methodology for mechanistic cutting force model calibration via microstructure-level finite element cutting process simulation is presented and applied to ferrous materials, including ductile and gray irons and carbon steels. The methodology combines graphite, ferrite, and pearlite grains to produce ductile iron, gray iron, and carbon steel microstructures and obtains cutting forces via orthogonal machining simulations. The simulated forces are used to perform the cutting force model calibration. The cutting forces for the turning process are predicted based on the calibration thusly obtained and experimentally shown to be in good agreement with actual cutting force data.
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An, Zeng Hui, Xiu Li Fu, Ya Nan Pan, and Ai Jun Tang. "An Experiment-Based Investigation on Characteristic and Model of Milling Forces during End-Milling Aluminum Alloy." Applied Mechanics and Materials 494-495 (February 2014): 602–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.494-495.602.
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Cutting forces is one of the important physical phenomena in metal cutting process. It directly affects the surface quality of machining, tool life and cutting stability. The orthogonal experiments of cutting forces and influence factors with indexable and solid end mill were accomplished and the predictive model of milling force was established during high speed end milling 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy. The paper makes research mainly on the influence which the cutting speed, cutting depth and feed have on the cutting force. The experimental results of single factor showed that the cutting forces increase earlier and drop later with the increase of cutting speed, and the cutting speed of inflexion for 7050-T7451 is 1100m/min. As axial cutting depth, radial cutting depth and feed rate increase, the cutting force grows in different degree. The cutting force is particularly sensitive to axial cutting depth and slightly to the radial cutting depth.
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Teramoto, Koji, Takahiro Kunishima, and Hiroki Matsumoto. "Analysis of Cutting Force in Elastomer End-Milling." International Journal of Automation Technology 11, no. 6 (2017): 958–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2017.p0958.
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Elastomer end-milling is attracting attention for its role in the small-lot production of elastomeric parts. In order to apply end-milling to the production of elastomeric parts, it is important that the workpiece be held stably to avoid deformation. To evaluate the stability of workholding, it is necessary to predict cutting forces in elastomer end-milling. Cutting force prediction for metal workpiece end-milling has been investigated for many years, and many process models for end-milling have been proposed. However, the applicability of these models to elastomer end-milling has not been discussed. In this paper, the characteristics of the cutting force in elastomer end-milling are evaluated experimentally. A standard cutting force model and its parameter identification method are introduced. By using this cutting force model, measured cutting forces are compared against the calculated results. The comparison makes it clear that the standard cutting force model for metal end-milling can be applied to down milling for a rough evaluation.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cutting force model"
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Becze, Charles Edward Elbestawi M. A. "A thermo-mechanical force model for machining hardened steel /." *McMaster only, 2002.
Find full text
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Song, Wenge. "Development of predictive force models for classical orthogonal and oblique cutting and turning operations incorporating tool flank wear effects." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2006. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16239/1/Wenge_Song_Thesis.pdf.
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Classical orthogonal and oblique cutting are the fundamental material removal or machining processes to which other practical machining processes can be related in the study and modelling of the machining processes. In the last century, a large amount of research and development work has been done to study and understand the various machining processes with a view to improving the processes for further economic (cost and productivity) gains. However, many aspects of the cutting processes and cutting performance remains to be fully understood in order to increase the cutting capability and optimize the cutting processes; in particular, there is little study to understand the effects of the inevitable tool wear on the machining processes. This thesis includes an extensive literature review on the mechanics of cutting analysis. Considerable work has been carried out in past decades on the fundamental analysis of 'sharp' tool cutting. Although some work has been reported on the effects of tool flank wear on the cutting performance, there is a general lack of the fundamental study of the effects of the flank wear on the basic cutting or chip formation process. It has been well documented that tool flank wear results in an increase in the cutting forces. However, it was not known if this force increase is a result of the change in the chip formation process, and/or the rubbing or ploughing forces between the tool flank and the workpiece. In work carried out since the early 1980s, the effects of the so-called edge forces have been considered when the tool is not absolutely sharp. Little has been reported to further develop fundamental cutting theories to understand applications to more relevant the practical situation, i.e. to consider the tool wear effects. Based on the findings of the literature review, an experimental investigation is presented in the first part of the thesis to study the effects of tool flank wear on the basic cutting or chip formation process by examining the basic cutting variables and performance in the orthogonal cutting process with tool flank wear. The effects of tool flank wear on the basic cutting variables are discussed by a comprehensive analysis of the experimental data. It has been found that tool flank wear does not affect the basic cutting variables (i.e. shear angle, friction angle and shear stress). It is therefore deduced that the flank wear does not affect the basic chip formation process in the shear zone and in the tool-chip interface. The study also finds that tool flank wear causes an increase in the total cutting forces, as can be expected and such an increase is entirely a result of the rubbing or ploughing forces on the tool wearland. The significance of this finding is that the well-developed machining theories for 'sharp' tools can be used in modelling the machining processes when tool flank wear is present, rather than study the machining process and develop machining theories from scratch. The ploughing forces can be modelled for incorporation into the overall cutting force prediction. The experimental study also allows for the forces on the wearland (or wearland force) and edge forces to be separated from the total measured forces. The wearland force and edge force models are developed in empirical form for force prediction purpose. In addition, a database for the basic cutting variables or quantities is established for use in modelling the cutting forces. The orthogonal cutting force model allowing for the effects of flank wear is developed and verified by the experimental data. A comprehensive analysis of the mechanics of cutting in the oblique cutting process is then carried out. Based on this analysis, predictive cutting force models for oblique cutting allowing for the effects of flank wear are proposed. The wearland force and edge force are re-considered by analysing the oblique cutting process and the geometrical relation. The predictive force models are qualitatively and quantitatively assessed by oblique cutting tests. It shows that the model predictions are in excellent agreement with the experimental data. The modelling approach is then used to develop the cutting force models for a more general machining process, turning operation. By using the concept of an equivalent cutting edge, the tool nose radius is allowed for under both orthogonal and oblique cutting conditions. The wearland forces and edge forces are taken into consideration by the integration of elemental forces on the tool flank and the cutting edge, respectively. The cutting forces in turning operations are successfully predicted by using the basic cutting quantity database established in the orthogonal cutting analysis. The models are verified by turning operation tests. It shows that the model predictions are in excellent agreement with the experimental results both qualitatively and quantitatively. The major findings, research impacts and practical implications of the research are finally highlighted in the conclusion. The modelling approach considering the flank wear effects in the classical orthogonal and oblique cutting and turning operations can be readily extended to other machining operations, such as drilling and milling.
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Song, Wenge. "Development of predictive force models for classical orthogonal and oblique cutting and turning operations incorporating tool flank wear effects." Queensland University of Technology, 2006. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16239/.
Full textAbstract:
Classical orthogonal and oblique cutting are the fundamental material removal or machining processes to which other practical machining processes can be related in the study and modelling of the machining processes. In the last century, a large amount of research and development work has been done to study and understand the various machining processes with a view to improving the processes for further economic (cost and productivity) gains. However, many aspects of the cutting processes and cutting performance remains to be fully understood in order to increase the cutting capability and optimize the cutting processes; in particular, there is little study to understand the effects of the inevitable tool wear on the machining processes. This thesis includes an extensive literature review on the mechanics of cutting analysis. Considerable work has been carried out in past decades on the fundamental analysis of 'sharp' tool cutting. Although some work has been reported on the effects of tool flank wear on the cutting performance, there is a general lack of the fundamental study of the effects of the flank wear on the basic cutting or chip formation process. It has been well documented that tool flank wear results in an increase in the cutting forces. However, it was not known if this force increase is a result of the change in the chip formation process, and/or the rubbing or ploughing forces between the tool flank and the workpiece. In work carried out since the early 1980s, the effects of the so-called edge forces have been considered when the tool is not absolutely sharp. Little has been reported to further develop fundamental cutting theories to understand applications to more relevant the practical situation, i.e. to consider the tool wear effects. Based on the findings of the literature review, an experimental investigation is presented in the first part of the thesis to study the effects of tool flank wear on the basic cutting or chip formation process by examining the basic cutting variables and performance in the orthogonal cutting process with tool flank wear. The effects of tool flank wear on the basic cutting variables are discussed by a comprehensive analysis of the experimental data. It has been found that tool flank wear does not affect the basic cutting variables (i.e. shear angle, friction angle and shear stress). It is therefore deduced that the flank wear does not affect the basic chip formation process in the shear zone and in the tool-chip interface. The study also finds that tool flank wear causes an increase in the total cutting forces, as can be expected and such an increase is entirely a result of the rubbing or ploughing forces on the tool wearland. The significance of this finding is that the well-developed machining theories for 'sharp' tools can be used in modelling the machining processes when tool flank wear is present, rather than study the machining process and develop machining theories from scratch. The ploughing forces can be modelled for incorporation into the overall cutting force prediction. The experimental study also allows for the forces on the wearland (or wearland force) and edge forces to be separated from the total measured forces. The wearland force and edge force models are developed in empirical form for force prediction purpose. In addition, a database for the basic cutting variables or quantities is established for use in modelling the cutting forces. The orthogonal cutting force model allowing for the effects of flank wear is developed and verified by the experimental data. A comprehensive analysis of the mechanics of cutting in the oblique cutting process is then carried out. Based on this analysis, predictive cutting force models for oblique cutting allowing for the effects of flank wear are proposed. The wearland force and edge force are re-considered by analysing the oblique cutting process and the geometrical relation. The predictive force models are qualitatively and quantitatively assessed by oblique cutting tests. It shows that the model predictions are in excellent agreement with the experimental data. The modelling approach is then used to develop the cutting force models for a more general machining process, turning operation. By using the concept of an equivalent cutting edge, the tool nose radius is allowed for under both orthogonal and oblique cutting conditions. The wearland forces and edge forces are taken into consideration by the integration of elemental forces on the tool flank and the cutting edge, respectively. The cutting forces in turning operations are successfully predicted by using the basic cutting quantity database established in the orthogonal cutting analysis. The models are verified by turning operation tests. It shows that the model predictions are in excellent agreement with the experimental results both qualitatively and quantitatively. The major findings, research impacts and practical implications of the research are finally highlighted in the conclusion. The modelling approach considering the flank wear effects in the classical orthogonal and oblique cutting and turning operations can be readily extended to other machining operations, such as drilling and milling.
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Uner, Gorkem. "Development Of A Material Cutting Model For Haptic Rendering Applications." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12609185/index.pdf.
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Haptic devices and haptic rendering is an important topic in the burgeoning field of
virtual reality applications. In this thesis, I describe the design and implementation of
a cutting force model integrating a haptic device, the PHANToM, with a high &ndash<br>powered computer. My goal was to build a six degree &ndash<br>of &ndash<br>freedom force model to
allow user to interact with three &ndash<br>dimensional deformable objects. Methods for
haptic rendering including graphical rendering, collision detection and force
feedback are illustrated, implementation of haptic rendering system is introduced,
and application is evaluated to explore the effectiveness of the system.
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Cardi, Adam A. "On the development of a dynamic cutting force model with application to regenerative chatter in turning." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28152.
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Thesis (M. S.)--Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.<br>Committee Co-Chair: Bement, Matt; Committee Co-Chair: Liang, Steven; Committee Member: Griffin, Paul; Committee Member: Mayor, Rhett; Committee Member: Melkote, Shreyes; Committee Member: Zhou, Chen.
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Werner, Mathias. "Theoretical and experimental studies of a single tooth milling process." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Industriell produktion, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-104443.
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The industrial development of metal cutting processes in gear manufacturing aims at continuously increasing productivity, including increased tool reliability. Basically, the parameters that have an influence on the cutting processes should be known and possible to control. Gear manufacturing is highly important for the automotive industry. The prevalent manufacturing method is gear hobbing with hobs consisting of solid Powder Metallurgical High Speed Steel (PM HSS) with Physical Vapor Deposited (PVD) coatings. The hob teeth have to be reconditioned before wear reaches such levels that the gear quality becomes impaired. Such wear often results in a total breakdown of the tool. One crucial reason for this is that hobbing processes for the present often lack reliability; which makes it difficult for the gear manufacturers to predict the tool wear on the hob teeth and decide when the tool should be replaced in order to avoid severe damages. A consequence of catastrophic tool wear is that it leads to an instantaneously changed geometry of the cutting edge, which in turn implies that the machined gears do not comply with the stipulated properties on the machined gear products. A single tooth milling test (STMT) with tools of PM-HSS in a conventional milling machine has been developed in this research project, aiming at characterizing the effect of tool preparation on the type of wear mechanism. The experience and conclusions from these tests may probably be transferred to real PM-HSS hob tooling (HT). The advantages of such a test, compared to a real gear hob test, are primarily the cost reductions and time saving aspects with respect to both the design and the manufacturing of the cutting teeth The research presented in this thesis is based on experimental investigations and theoretical studies of significant parameters, i.e. the surface roughness and edge rounding, contributing to the robust and reliable design of a PM-HSS cutting tool. The research work has in addition to, the development of the milling test method, also comprised development of measuring methods and a simulation model based on the Finite Element Model (FEM).<br><p>QC 20121105</p>
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Prins, Cilliers. "Through spindle cooling : a study of the feasibility of split tool titanium machining." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97118.
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Thesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Efficient face milling of titanium alloys provides a global challenge. Difficult-to-cut super alloys such as Ti-6Al-4V is considered the “workhorse” material for aerospace components. During the machining of aerospace components, 80% – 90% of the material is removed. This requirement drives the innovation for machines and tooling to become more efficient, while driving down costs. In South Africa, this requirement is no different. Due to the historic practice of exporting valuable minerals such as Ilmenite, leucoxene and rutile, South Africa does not enjoy many of financial benefits of producing value added titanium alloy products. The Titanium Centre of Competence (TiCoC) is aimed at creating a South African titanium manufacturing industry by the year 2020. More specifically, the roughing of Ti-6Al-4V aerospace components has been identified as an area for improvement.
The thermal conductivity of Ti-6Al-4V is significantly lower than that of other “workhorse” metals such as steel or aluminium. Therefore, heat rapidly builds up in the tool tip during high speed machining resulting in shortened tool life and increased machining costs. Hence the ongoing developments in the field of cooling methods for high speed machining. The latest development in high pressure cooling (HPC) is split tools that deliver coolant into the cutting interface via flat nozzles in the rake face of the insert. Although it has been released recently and limited to a single supplier, this cooling method is commercially available, yet little is known about its performance or application conditions.
The operational characteristics of split tools are studied by answering set research questions. A dynamometer was used to measure the tangential cutting forces during 11 cutting experiments that follow a three-factor factorial design at two levels and with three centre points. A second-order model for predicting the tangential cutting force during face milling of Ti-6Al-4V with split tools was fit to the data at 95% confidence level. A predictive cutting force model was developed in terms of the cutting parameters: (1) Axial depth of cut (ADOC), (2) feed per tooth and, (3) cutting speed. The effect of cutting parameters on cutting force including their interactions are investigated. Data for chip evacuation, surface finish and tool wear are examined and discussed.
Practical work was done at a selected industry partner to determine: (1) impact of an analytical approach to perform process development for aerospace component roughing, (2) determine the feasibility of implementing split tools to an existing process. A substantial time saving in the roughing time of the selected aerospace component was achieved through analytical improvement methods. Furthermore it was found that the split tools were not a suitable replacement for current tooling. It was established that certain critical operational requirements of the split tools are not met by the existing milling machine at the industry partner.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Doeltreffende masjinering van titaan allooie bied `n wêreldwye uitdaging. Moeilik-om-te-sny super allooie soos Ti-6Al-4V word as die “werksesel” materiaal vir lugvaart komponente beskou. Gedurende die masjinering van lugvaart komponente word 80% - 90% van die materiaal verwyder. Dit is hiérdie behoefte wat die innovering van masjien -en snygereedskap dryf om dit meer doeltreffend en finansieël vatbaar te maak. Die Suid Arikaanse behoefte vir doeltreffende snygereedskap vir Ti-6Al-4V masjinering stem ooreen met hierdie internationale behoefte. Die geskiedkundige Suid Afrikaanse praktyk om onverwerkte, waardevolle minerale soos Ilmeniet, rutiel en leucoxene uit te voer, kniehalter die land se kans om winste uit verwerkte titaan allooi produkte te geniet. Die “Titanium Centre of Competence” (TiCoC) se mikpunt is om `n Suid Afrikaanse titaanproduk vervaardigingsmark op die been te bring teen 2020. Stellenbosch Universiteit se funksie, binne hierdie strategiese raamwerk, fokus op hoë spoed masjinering van Ti-6Al-4V lugvaart komponente.
Die hitte geleidingsvermoë van Ti-6Al-4V is noemenswaardig laer as die van ander “werksesel” materiale soos byvoorbeeld staal of alumium. Om hierdie rede word hitte in die freesbeitelpunt gedurende hoë spoed masjinering opgeberg. Dit verkort gereedskap leeftyd en verhoog masjinerings kostes. Daarvandaan deurlopende ontwikkelinge in verkoelingsmetodes vir hoë spoed masjinering. Die mees onlangse ontwikkeling in hoë druk verkoeling is “split tools” wat koelmiddel na die snyoppervlak deur middel van langwerpige gleufies in die hark gesig van die beitelpunt lewer. Hierdie tegnologie is op die mark beskikbaar, maar slegs deur `n enkele verskaffer. Daar is ook geen akademiese publikasies wat oor Ti-6Al-4V masjinering met “split tools” handel nie. Die verrigtings vermoë en toepassings gebied vir die gereedskap is steeds onbekend.
'n Dinamometer is gebruik om die tangensiale snykragte tydens 11 sny eksperimente te meet. Die eksperiment ontwerp is faktoriaal van aard en bevat drie faktore en drie middelpunte oor twee vlakke. `n Kwadratiese model is geskik om die data op 95% vertroue vlak voor te stel en voorspellings mee te maak. Die voorspellingsmodel is ontwikkel in terme van: (1) Diepte van snit, (2) voertempo, en (3) Snyspoed. Die invloed van die drie parameters op die tangentiale snykrag, asook invloed met mekaar word ondersoek. Verdere data in verband met materiaal verwydering, oppervlak afwerking en beitel slytasie word ook bespreek.
Praktiese werk is met behulp van `n bedryfsvennoot gedoen om vas te stel: (1) die impak van 'n analitiese benadering en ontwikkelings proses op die uitrof van lugvaart komponente, (2) en om die lewensvatbaarheid van implementering van “split tools“ aan 'n bestaande proses te bepaal. `n Noemenswaardige besparing is sodoende behaal. Dit is verder bevind dat “split tools” nie `n geskikte plaasvervanger vir die huidige snygereedskap is nie. Die rede daarvoor is gedeeltelik omdat die huidige freesmasjien by die bedryfsvennoot nie aan die kritiese operasionele vereistes van die gereedskap vervaardiger voldoen nie.
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Dvořáček, Jan. "Analýza silového zatížení řezného nástroje při pětiosém frézování." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228829.
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The diploma thesis is focused on machining using the ball-end shank mill. Content of the preliminary part of the work is a shank mill characteristic and a consequent part shows a splitting of ball-end milling cutters, its application, the cutting tool geometry and a characteristic signs of machining. The cutting force model of the ball-end mill is presented as well. A part of proposed model is the conversion of the resultant force too. Practical part is aimed at cutting force analysis of the ball-end mill and the main purpose of this part is a quantification of the cutting force for different work piece tilt angles while milling is performed.
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Hanna, Carl Robert. "Engineering Residual Stress into the Workpiece through the Design of Machining Process Parameters." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19813.
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The surface integrity of a machined component that meets the demands of a specific application requirement is defined by several characteristics. The residual stress profile into the component is often considered as the critical characteristics as it carries a direct effect on the fatigue life of a machined component.
A significant amount of effort has been dedicated by researchers to predict post process stress in a workpiece using analytical, experimental, and numerical modeling methods. Nonetheless, no methodology is available that can express the cutting process parameters and tool geometry parameters as functions of machined residual stress profile to allow process planning in achieving desired residual stress profile.
This research seeks to fill that void by developing a novel approach to enable the extraction of cutting process and tool geometry parameters from a desired or required residual stress profile. More specifically, the model consists in determining the depth of cut, the tool edge radius and the cutting forces needed to obtain a prescribed residual stress profile for an orthogonal machining operation. The model is based on the inverse solution of a physics-based modeling approach of the orthogonal machining operation and the inverse solution of the residual stress prediction from Hertzian stresses. Experimental and modeling data are used to validate the developed model. The work constitutes a novel approach in engineering residual stress in a machined component.
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Amewoui, Ekoue-Adjoka Foli Noël. "Impact de l’opération de perçage sur l’intégrité des tissus osseux : modélisation et expérimentation." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0095.
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Le perçage de l’os est couramment pratiqué dans de nombreux types de chirurgie comme lors de la pose de vis d’ostéosynthèse et d’implants dentaires et cochléaires. Lors de l'opération de perçage, le chargement thermomécanique dû à l'interaction outil-os peut endommager les tissus osseux au voisinage de la zone de perçage. Ainsi, une augmentation significative de la température peut provoquer une ostéonécrose thermique. Il est donc important d'optimiser les conditions opératoires (vitesses de rotation et d'avance, géométrie du foret, stratégie de perçage...) afin de réduire les risques d'endommagement de l'os. Pour ce faire, il faut analyser et comprendre les effets des conditions de coupe sur les mécanismes contrôlant l'interaction foret-os. Les travaux de cette thèse ont pour objectif de contribuer à la compréhension de ces mécanismes en combinant une approche expérimentale avec de la modélisation numérique et analytique. L'étude expérimentale porte sur l’effet de la vitesse de coupe, de l’avance du foret et de la microstructure de la zone percée sur l’évolution des efforts de coupe (l'effort d'avance et le moment axial) et de l’augmentation de la température pendant le perçage d’un échantillon d’os porcin et de matériaux de tests biomécaniques (Sawbones). Ces derniers présentent l'avantage d'une microstructure uniforme par échantillon donné contrairement à l'os. Les modèles numériques de la coupe orthogonale et du perçage de l’os cortical sont développés en utilisant le code Eléments Finis ABAQUS/Explicit. L’objectif est d'analyser l’influence des lois de comportement et d’endommagement sur les prédictions du modèle (mécanisme de coupe, température et efforts de coupe). Afin de proposer une approche simplifiée, une modélisation analytique basée sur la théorie de la source mobile a également été proposée. La validation expérimentale a montré la pertinence des approches proposées ainsi que leurs limites<br>Bone drilling is commonly practised in various surgical operations for orthosynthesis screws insertion or placement of dental and cochlear implants. During bone drilling procedure, the thermomechanical constraints resulting from the tool-bone interaction can damage the bone tissues in the vicinity of the drilling area. Thus, a significant increase in temperature can cause thermal osteonecrosis. It is therefore important to optimize the operating conditions (spindle speed and feed rate, geometry of the drill, drilling operation strategy ...) in order to reduce the risk of damage to bone tissues. To do this, it is necessary to analyse and understand the effects of cutting conditions on the mechanisms controlling the drill-bone interaction. The present work aims to contribute to the understanding of these mechanisms by combining an experimental approach with numerical and analytical modelling. The experimental study investigates the effect of the cutting speed, feed rate of the drill and the microstructure of the drilled area on the resulting cutting forces (thrust force and axial torque) and temperature rise during the drilling of porcine bone specimens and biomechanical test materials (Sawbones). These materials have the advantage of a uniform microstructure per given sample unlike bone. Numerical models of orthogonal cutting and bone drilling are implemented using the Finite Element code ABAQUS / Explicit. The purpose of this development is to analyse the influence of bone constitutive and damage laws on the model predictions (cutting mechanism, temperature and cutting forces). In order to propose a simplified approach, an analytical modelling based on moving heat source theory is developed for predicting bone thermal response. The relevance and limits of the approach proposed is shown through experimental validation
Books on the topic "Cutting force model"
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Wen, Yun. The Huawei Model. University of Illinois Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252043437.001.0001.
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With the rise of China’s information and communications technology (ICT) sector, a number of Chinese high-tech firms are approaching transnational stages and shifting the center of gravity in global ICT markets. In the meantime, China’s digital economy has raised the debate with regard to the nature and direction of its developmental model. This book investigates Huawei Technologies—China’s most competitive high-tech company—as a microcosm of the rise of China’s corporate power and its evolving digital economy. Yun Wen first traces Huawei’s history against the backdrop of China’s ICT development and its outward expansion in global markets. Focusing on Huawei’s research and development strategies, she then delineates Huawei’s path to its cutting-edge technology and innovation leadership. Huawei’s distinct experience in the design of its ownership structure and labor practices is also examined in the book. By examining how Huawei’s growth intertwined with the trajectory of China’s ICT development and how it responded to various forces of corporate China’s globalization, this book sheds light on distinguishing features of the “Huawei model” and the geopolitical economic implications of China’s corporate globalization. It argues that the core of China’s pathbreaking model lies in local alternatives and indigenous agencies that have the ability to insist on a self-reliant, open-minded, and innovation-oriented developmental strategy.
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Meierkord, Christiane, and Edgar W. Schneider, eds. World Englishes at the Grassroots. Edinburgh University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474467551.001.0001.
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As the most widespread global language, English now has substantially more second and foreign-language speakers than native speakers. It is increasingly spreading beyond an ‘educated elite’ of academics, politicians, business professionals and the like, among speakers with limited access to formal education, that is at the grassroots of societies. Bringing together international contributors, this book explores uses of English in a variety of grassroots multilingual contexts, drawing on a diverse range of experiences, such as motorcycle taxi drivers, market vendors, cleaners, hotel staff, tour guides, migrant domestic workers, refugees and asylum seekers. Divided into three parts, the book explores the spread of English in former areas of British domination including Africa and the East, in trade and work migration, and in forced migration by refugees. The chapters present cutting edge case studies which draw on spoken data from Bahrainis, South Africans, Tanzanians, Ugandans, Bangladeshis in the Middle East, Italians in the UK, Indians in the US, and Nigerians and Syrians in Germany. This important and innovative volume presents a first documentation of world Englishes at the grassroots of societies and an empirical basis for their further study and theorising by integrating Englishes at the grassroots into existing models of English.
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Karoly, Paul, and Geert Crombez, eds. Motivational Perspectives on Chronic Pain. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190627898.001.0001.
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This edited volume is the first to present a cohesive account of adaptation to chronic pain from a motivational perspective. Across the 15 chapters, scholars from diverse domains of psychology explore the multileveled and bidirectional nature of pain and motivation, drawing from a broad array of constructs, including self-regulation, goal systems, cognitive control, attention, conflict, interpersonal processes, coping, conditioning, and stress reactivity. Also addressed is the relation between pain and psychopathology, the nature of pain-affect dynamics, and the neural mechanisms underlying the pain experience. Applied considerations are presented in chapters on Motivational Interviewing, ACT, Internet-based methods, and related clinical topics. Our volume provides an up-to-date compendium of cutting-edge research and interventions that collectively illustrate the utility of viewing chronic pain as neither a “disease” nor an imposed lifestyle, but as the emergent and potentially flexible product of a complex transactional system that is bounded by sociocultural factors, on the one hand, and by biogenetic and neural moderating forces on the other. The chapters capture the vibrancy of current theory, research, and practice while pointing toward unexplored new directions. Students and seasoned pain researchers will find within the motivation-centered framework a host of intriguing ideas to complement extant formulations. And those engaged in treating/training persons with chronic pain will discover the unique, integrative value of motivational models.
Book chapters on the topic "Cutting force model"
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Wen, Dong Hui, Ju Long Yuan, Qiao Ling Yuan, and Bing Hai Lv. "Prediction of Precision Hard Cutting Force Based on Unit Cutting Model." In Advances in Machining & Manufacturing Technology VIII. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-999-7.380.
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Matsumura, T., and J. Leopold. "Cutting Force Model for Analysis of Burr Formation in Drilling Process." In Burrs - Analysis, Control and Removal. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00568-8_5.
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Kang, Yong Gang, Zhong Qi Wang, Wen Ming Lou, and Cheng Yu Jiang. "Study of the Classification of Cutting Forces and the Build of Accurate Milling Force Model in End Milling." In Materials Science Forum. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-421-9.636.
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Perez, H., A. Vizan, J. Perez, and J. Labarga. "Analysis and Validation of Cutting Forces Prediction Models in Micromachining." In Materials Science Forum. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-417-0.13.
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Núñez Lopez, Pedro Jose, Jorge Simão, J. M. Arenas, and C. de la Cruz. "Surface Roughness Characterisation Using Cutting Force Analysis, Regression and Neural Network Prediction Models." In Materials Science Forum. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-417-0.211.
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Bui, Van-Hung, Patrick Gilles, Guillaume Cohen, and Walter Rubio. "Develop Model for Controlled Depth Milling by Abrasive Water Jet of Ti6Al4V at Jet Inclination Angle." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70566-4_5.
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AbstractAbrasive water jet machining (AWJM) is an interesting solution for the production of shallow pockets in metal sheets made of titanium alloys. Indeed, it produces low cutting forces and heat generation and prevents deformation of these parts after machining. In addition, it has the advantage of only using two raw materials: sand and water. It is possible to generate pocket edges with an imposed geometry using AWJM, but it is necessary to tilt the axis of the jet. The material removal mechanism is then a function of the inclination angle. The presented study propose an improved model for modelling the pocket profile in TiAl6V parts. The experimental results shows that the model is efficient as the precision is around 5%.
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Fernández-Abia, Ana Isabel, Joaquín Barreiro García, Luis N. López de Lacalle, and Octavio Pereira Neto. "Estimation of Cutting Forces and Tool Wear Using Modified Mechanistic Models in High Performance Turning." In Materials Forming, Machining and Tribology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45088-8_3.
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Leo Dev Wins, K., B. Anuja Beatrice, D. S. Ebenezer Jacob Dhas, and V. S. Anita Sofia. "Artificial Neural Network and Genetic Algorithm-Based Models for Predicting Cutting Force in Turning of Hardened H13 Steel." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4745-4_56.
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Batty, Michael. "Defining Urban Science." In Urban Informatics. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8983-6_3.
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AbstractThis introductory chapter provides a brief overview of the theories and models that constitute what has come to be called urban science. Explaining and measuring the spatial structure of the city in terms of its form and function is one of the main goals of this science. It provides links between the way various theories about how the city is formed, in terms of its economy and social structure, and how these theories might be transformed into models that constitute the operational tools of urban informatics. First the idea of the city as a system is introduced, and then various models pertaining to the forces that determine what is located where in the city are presented. How these activities are linked to one another through flows and networks are then introduced. These models relate to formal models of spatial interaction, the distribution of the sizes of different cities, and the qualitative changes that take place as cities grow and evolve to different levels. Scaling is one of the major themes uniting these different elements grounding this science within the emerging field of complexity. We then illustrate how we might translate these ideas into operational models which are at the cutting edge of the new tools that are being developed in urban informatics, and which are elaborated in various chapters dealing with modeling and mobility throughout this book.
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Wala, Tomasz, and Krzysztof Lis. "The Experimental Method of Determining the Forces Operating During the Abrasive Waterjet Cutting Process – A Mathematical Model of the Jet Deviation Angle." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49910-5_21.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Cutting force model"
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Stan, Felicia, Daniel Vlad, and Catalin Fetecau. "Statistical Cutting Force Model for Orthogonal Cutting of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Composites." In ASME 2013 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the 41st North American Manufacturing Research Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2013-1033.
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This paper presents an experimental investigation of the cutting forces response during the orthogonal cutting of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and PTFE-based composites using the Taguchi method. Cutting experiments were conducted using the L27 orthogonal array and the effects of the cutting parameters (feed rate, cutting speed and rake angle) on the cutting force were analyzed using the S/N ratio response and the analysis of variance (ANOVA). Statistical models that correlate the cutting force with process variables were developed using ANOVA and polynomial regression. The variation of the apparent friction coefficient was analyzed with respect to tool geometry and the cutting process. The results indicated that cutting and thrust forces increase with increasing feed rate, and decrease with increasing rake angles from negative to positive values and increasing cutting speed. A power law relationship between the apparent friction coefficient and the normal force exerted by the chip on the tool-rake face was identified, the former decreasing with an increasing normal force.
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Fang, Lei, Guangrong Yan, Xiangyu Xu, Tao Ding, Genao Zang, and Le LIU. "Optimization of Cutting Power Based on Dynamic Cutting Force Model." In 2nd International Conference on Advances in Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Informatics (AMEII 2016). Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ameii-16.2016.69.
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Xiaozhou Li, Huadong Yu, Jinkai Xu, Aimei Liu, and Hao Lv. "Model of micro-cutting and analysis of micro cutting force." In 2009 International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation (ICMA). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icma.2009.5246594.
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Zhao, Yong, Robert B. Jerard, and Barry K. Fussell. "End Milling Force Model Calibration Using Measured Force Profiles." In ASME 2012 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the 40th North American Manufacturing Research Conference and in participation with the International Conference on Tribology Materials and Processing. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2012-7385.
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This paper introduces a method to use the cutting force profile, measured from a Kistler dynamometer, to calibrate a mechanistic based force model containing four cutting coefficients. The undesirable effects of tool vibration and force sensor dynamics are minimized by carefully choosing experimental conditions. Cutting force profiles provide an array of force versus chip thickness based values that can be used in a regression fit to find the model coefficients. Results show that different ranges of chip thickness used in the calibration process result in slightly different cutting coefficients, which implies chip thickness has an effect on cutting coefficients. The force profile based cutting coefficients are then used in the cutting force model to estimate the peak resultant cutting force. Comparison of model estimates and measured values show less than 10% error.
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Guanyang Liu, Yuru Zhang, D. Wang, J. Hao, P. Lu, and Y. Wang. "Cutting force model of dental training system." In 2005 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems. IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iros.2005.1545612.
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Mehta, Parikshit, and Laine Mears. "Cutting Force Control in Machining: Bayesian Update of Mechanistic Force Model." In ASME 2012 5th Annual Dynamic Systems and Control Conference joint with the JSME 2012 11th Motion and Vibration Conference. ASME, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2012-movic2012-8588.
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Zhao, Qingliang, Bing Guo, Hui Yang, and Xiaohu Zhang. "A mechanistic cutting force model for diamond fly-cutting of microstructured surface." In 4th International Symposium on Advanced Optical Manufacturing and Testing Technologies: Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technologies, edited by Li Yang, John M. Schoen, Yoshiharu Namba, and Shengyi Li. SPIE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.830782.
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Afsharhanaei, A., L. Rebaioli, P. Parenti, and M. Annoni. "Cutting Force Prediction in Micro Orthogonal Cutting by an Analytical-Numerical Coupled Model." In Proceedings of the 4M/ICOMM2015 Conference. Research Publishing Services, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-09-4609-8_024.
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Matsumura, Takashi, and Shouichi Tamura. "Force Prediction in Milling of Titanium Alloy." In ASME/ISCIE 2012 International Symposium on Flexible Automation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isfa2012-7163.
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Titanium alloy plate formed in rolling has anisotropic properties. The effect of anisotropy on cutting force should be considered in determination of the cutting parameters. A force model of anisotropic materials is presented to predict the cutting forces in milling. In the force model, three-dimensional chip flow is made by piling up the orthogonal cuttings in the planes containing the cutting velocities and the chip flow velocities, where the chip flow direction is determined to minimize the cutting energy. In the anisotropic material model, the shear stress on the shear plane is defined as a function of the orientation angle of the cutting edge in milling. Therefore, the cutting force depends on the feed direction of the end mill. The force model for milling of Ti-6Al-4V is verified in comparison between the simulated and the measurement.
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Javorek, Bryan, Barry K. Fussell, and Robert B. Jerard. "Calibration of a Milling Force Model Using Feed and Spindle Power Sensors." In ASME 2008 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the 3rd JSME/ASME International Conference on Materials and Processing. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec_icmp2008-72315.
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Changes in cutting forces during a milling operation can be associated with tool wear and breakage. Accurate monitoring of these cutting forces is an important step towards the automation of the machining process. However, direct force sensors, such as dynamometers, are not practical for industry application due to high costs, unwanted compliance, and workspace limitations. This paper describes a method in which power sensors on the feed and spindle motors are used to generate coefficients for a cutting force model. The resulting model accurately predicts the X and Y cutting forces observed in several simple end-milling tests, and should be capable of estimating both the peak and average force for a given cut geometry. In this work, a dynamometer is used to calibrate the feed drive power sensor and to measure experimental cutting forces for verification of the cutting force model. Measurement of the average x-axis cutting forces is currently presented as an off-line procedure performed on a sacrificial block of material. The potential development of a continuous, real-time force monitoring system is discussed.