Journal articles: 'Cutting-off technology'

1

Wu, Yong Sheng, Jian Jiang Wang, Wen Tong Xin, Zhi Zun Li, and Li Feng Qu. "Study on Cutting Process of Manual SHS Cutting Technology." Advanced Materials Research 189-193 (February 2011): 3208–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.189-193.3208.

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Cutting process of manual self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) cutting technology was studied based on industrial Q235 steel specimen and cut material of cutting pen. Through research of kerf and analysis of manual SHS cutting process, three zones of base metal is formed under the cutting pen process: molten zone heated directly by cutting pen, the common active zone of cutting pen , metal flow and slag flow, metal flow and slag flow heating zone. Its cutting process can be divided into four inter-related stages as follows: the formation stage of the molten pool, the increasing stage of the pool penetration, the stage of slag blowing off and kerf formation and then the formation stage of a new pool. The way to improve efficiency of manual SHS cutting technology is proposed at the end.

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Ma, Xingen, Manchao He, Weidong Li, Yilong Wang, Lifeng Li, Xiaohu Sun, Yongyuan Li, Leiyu Gu, and Xingfeng Sha. "Research and Application of Open-Off Cut Roof Cutting Pressure Releasing Technology." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (May 11, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9989213.

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The first weighting control is one of the difficult problems that cannot be avoided in the safe and efficient production of longwall mining face. To optimize the existing pressure releasing technology of open-off cut, the open-off cut roof cutting pressure releasing (OCRCPR) technology is put forward on the basis of roof cutting pressure releasing gob-side entry retaining (RCPRGER) technology. Firstly, the mechanism of the technology and the design method of related key parameters are summarized. Then the pressure releasing effect of OCRCPR and the stress environment change under this technology are analyzed by mechanics calculation and numerical simulation, respectively, which verify the feasibility of the OCRCPR technology from the theoretical level. Finally, a test mining face is taken as an example to implement the field test. The field test results show that the OCRCPR can effectively shorten the first weighting step and weaken the first weighting strength and has a good pressure releasing effect.

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Wu, Jun Jie, Zhuo Shang Ji, and Hui Qing Chang. "Path Optimization in Hull Part Cutting Based on Seven Bridges Problems." Advanced Materials Research 476-478 (February 2012): 2042–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.476-478.2042.

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Generally the process of hull part cutting is that the part can not be cut until the previous part has been cut. This mode is poor cutting efficiency and high cutting cost. Based on the famous Seven Bridges Problems, this paper models the cutting problem and then presents a brand-new cutting technology, the bridge cutting. In this technology, only one pierce point is enough to cut off all the parts that lie in the same level. The example shows that the technology is effective for reducing the numbers of pierce points and shortening the length of idle cutting path, which not only improves the cutting efficiency but also saves the cutting cost.

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Nakano, Taketo, Kohzo Abe, Hiroshi Kubo, and Akira Kobayashi. "Newly Developed Dressing Technology for Cutting-off Sialon (Si-AI-O-N) Ceramics." CIRP Annals 38, no. 1 (1989): 327–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0007-8506(07)62715-2.

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Chen, Yang, Longsheng Lu, Xiaokang Liu, Yingxi Xie, Zhenping Wan, and Zhaorui Hou. "Comparative investigation of carbon fiber filaments in off-axis transverse cutting between flexible-support and non-support method under pre-tension." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 14 (January 2019): 155892501983781. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558925019837812.

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Short carbon fiber is an effective and essential reinforced material in composite domains. Generally, it is produced by chopping technology, among which pressing roller and grooved wheel are two popular chopping techniques. According to the working principle of these two techniques, the pressing roller can be simplified as a flexible-support cutting in off-axis transverse cutting, meanwhile the grooved wheel can be represented by a non-support cutting. To reveal the fracture difference of carbon fiber between the pressing roller and the grooved wheel technique, comparative investigation of failure behavior between a single carbon fiber (also simplified as a filament) with flexible support and with non-support was performed in off-axis transverse cutting using a custom-designed fixture. Both the cutting force and the fracture surface of the filament were comparatively analyzed in cutting process. It was found that the failure of single carbon fiber was caused by tensile effect in a non-support cutting, whereas that in a flexible-support cutting was caused by bending effect. The cutting-off force and cutting-off depth of filament cut by use flexible support are significantly lower than that by use non-support under low pre-tension. It is interesting to find out that the failure spot of carbon fiber filament in non-support cutting under low pre-tension tends to occur randomly. Meanwhile, in a flexible-support cutting, the break point of carbon fiber filament is determined by the tip of the blade. After a comprehensive comparison, the flexible-support cutting is a prior selection to produce short carbon fibers compared with the non-support cutting.

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Wang, Fei, Da Jun Yuan, Rong Cai, Yong Jiang Mu, and Meng Shu Wang. "Field Test Study on Cutting Obstacle Piles Directly by Shield Cutters." Applied Mechanics and Materials 353-356 (August 2013): 1433–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.353-356.1433.

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Shield cutting obstacle pile directly has significant economic and social benefits compared to traditional methods, however, the corresponding cutting technology is far from mature currently in the international. Based on the construction need of cutting 14 bridge piles with the diameter of 1.0~1.2 meters by Suzhou subway shield, the preliminary scheme of cutter configuration was studied and proposed first, and then the worlds first field test of shield cutting reinforced concrete piles was carried out, the effect and rule of shield cutters cutting piles were analyzed, and the cutter configuration scheme was verified and optimized. The test results indicate that the shell cutter is fit for cutting reinforced concrete pile, its cutting effect on rebar and concrete is shear cutting; In order to make rebar shorter, we should make the rebar be cut off instead of pulled off as possible as we can. The main damage form of shell cutter is alloy cracked. Cutting side pile produces more damage on shell cutter than cutting central pile. The shell cutter configuration scheme should not only satisfy the whole cutting ability and covering the entire cutting plane, but also to be favorable to fix rebar by surrounding concrete.

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Wang, Sen, Wen Tong Xin, Li Feng Qu, Yi Ying Wu, and Jian Dong Yang. "Study on Length of Cartridge how to Affects Cutting Capability of the Combustion Cutting Ammunition." Applied Mechanics and Materials 275-277 (January 2013): 2248–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.275-277.2248.

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A type of cutting technology of manual thermite cutting technology is developed which is meet the incise requirements in especial environmental .The combustion cutting ammunition is made from cutting medicament, cartridge, nozzle. There are two synchronism courses of events to form the hole. Firstly, specimen is melted by megathermal jet stream, and then heating specimen to its burning point so that it burns with oxygen which is from jet stream and reduces melting point of specimen with alloy agent. The bright and clean hole comes into being after blowing off the slag by high-speed airflow. The paper ensured proper length of the cartridge and analyzed burning characteristics of cutting medicament by different length. The best cutting Performance be obtained While the length of cartridge is up to 90mm test on steel of Q235 which area is 2800mm2 and thick is 20mm.

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Skrobak, Adam, Michal Stanek, David Manas, Martin Ovsik, Vojtech Senkerik, and Martin Reznicek. "The Effect of Technology on Micromechanical Properties of Rubber." Key Engineering Materials 662 (September 2015): 261–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.662.261.

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The aim of this article is to demonstrate to what extent there is an impact on the micromechanical properties of a standardized testing sample made of rubber compound based on synthetic rubber EPDM and produced by injection molding in comparison with a sample produced by classic preparation (cutting off a compression molded plate). Measurement of the properties was carried out according to the instrumented test (DSI), in compliance with ISO 14577 on the measuring device micro-combi-tester.

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Madić, Miloš, Marko Kovačević, Miroslav Radovanović, and Vladislav Blagojević. "SOFTWARE TOOL FOR LASER CUTTING PROCESS CONTROL – SOLVING REAL INDUSTRIAL CASE STUDIES." Facta Universitatis, Series: Mechanical Engineering 14, no. 2 (August 2, 2016): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.22190/fume1602135m.

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Laser cutting is one of the leading non-conventional machining technologies with a wide spectrum of application in modern industry. It order to exploit a number of advantages that this technology offers for contour cutting of materials, it is necessary to carefully select laser cutting conditions for each given workpiece material, thickness and desired cut qualities. In other words, there is a need for process control of laser cutting. After a comprehensive analysis of the main laser cutting parameters and process performance characteristics, the application of the developed software tool “BRUTOMIZER” for off-line control of CO2 laser cutting process of three different workpiece materials (mild steel, stainless steel and aluminum) is illustrated. Advantages and abilities of the developed software tool are also illustrated.

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10

Xingen, Ma, He Manchao, Wang Yajun, Zhang Yong, Zhang Jiabin, and Liu Yuxing. "Study and Application of Roof Cutting Pressure Releasing Technology in Retracement Channel Roof of Halagou 12201 Working Face." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2018 (November 12, 2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6568983.

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The retracement channel roof cutting (RCRC) technology can change the overburden structure actively by cutting off the roof of channel along the direction of working face tendency and make use of the gangue collapsing from roof cutting range to fill the goaf and weaken the mining pressure during the retracement process of working face. In order to solve the problems of high stress in surrounding rock and serious deformation of retracement channel in Halagou coal mine, it is the first time that the pressure releasing test is carried out on the 12201 working face by the method of the directional presplitting roof cutting in retracement channel. First, according to statics theory and energy theory, the stress state of hydraulic support and roof deformation mechanism of retracement channel are analyzed. Then the roof cutting design of retracement channel is determined according to the geological conditions of 12201 working face, and the cutting effect is analyzed by numerical simulation. Finally, the field test is carried out on the 12201 working face to verify the effect of pressure releasing by roof cutting. The result shows that, with the roof cutting design including the roof cutting height being 8m and roof cutting angle being 45°, the roof subsidence of the 12201 working face retracement channel in Halagou mine is reduced to 132.5mm, and the hydraulic support resistance is maintained at 1361KN. And there is no hydraulic support crushed; the deformation of the retracement channel is also small; namely, the effect of roof cutting for pressure releasing is obvious.

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11

Xie, Shengrong, Xiaoyu Wu, Dongdong Chen, Yaohui Sun, Junchao Zeng, Qing Zhang, Chunwei Ji, Qiong Cheng, En Wang, and Yuxin Ren. "Automatic Roadway Backfilling of Caving Gangue for Cutting Roofs by Combined Support on Gob-Side Entry Retaining with No-Pillars: A Case Study." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2019 (December 27, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8736103.

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Automatic roadways on gob-side entry retaining with no-pillars are used for longwall mining technology. The mining technology with no-pillars can recover coal pillar resources and reduce the amount and cost of roadway excavations. Automatic roadway technology for cutting roofs by combined support on gob-side entry retaining with no-pillars is adopted for the condition of thick immediate roof and medium-thick coal seam mining, cutting off the immediate roof and the main roof on the gob by combined support. The fractured roof forms gangue blocks to fill the gob and loads the overlying strata. The gangue control system is placed on the roadside, which controls the caving gangue to form a gangue rib. In this paper, the viewpoints and key technologies (the roof-cutting technology, the reinforcement and support technology, the gangue rib control technology, and the auxiliary support technology) of automatic roadway technology for cutting roofs by combined support on the gob-side entry retaining with no-pillars are introduced. Furthermore, the formation and control process are explained. The numerical simulation is used to simulate and analyze the roof hanging and the roof cutting structures. In addition, a field engineering test is performed. The field test shows that automatic roadway technology for cutting roofs by combined support on gob-side entry retaining with no-pillars is feasible. This process uses construction techniques and technologies to meet on-site production needs. The combined support has high resistance strength and is shrinkable. In engineering applications, the combined support has a low damage rate. The deformation of the automatic roadway with gob-side entry retaining is small, and the control effect is significant.

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Chen, Cheng Shun, Sheng Yao Lin, and Nai Kuan Chou. "Optimization Technology and Developing of Vascular Stents." Applied Mechanics and Materials 284-287 (January 2013): 390–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.284-287.390.

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Stents have been used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and are often placed inside coronary arteries. The manufacture of metal stents is a challenging issue because of the features, like geometry and the material of stents. An improved manufacturing process of stents is presented. The proposed processes consist of the following steps: boring and polishing, laser cutting, vacuum annealing and surface finishing (ultrasonic cleaning, acid pickling, and electrolytic polishing). The precision boring operation is used to obtain the required wall thickness from off-the-shelf seamless tube. The laser cutting is performed to change the shape of the stent, and the finishing operations is selected to modify the surface features, like smoothness and texture of stents. 316LVM stainless steel sample with an outside-diameter of 3 mm, a wall thickness of 0.1 mm, and a length of 25 mm, had been manufactured and demonstrated the proposed manufacture technology. The surface roughness of a stent manufactured is the value of Ra 14.3 nm which basically meets the design requirement for further performance evaluation. It is hoped that the above finding can be used for future study of stents.

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Cao, Wan Zhi, Hong Zhen Wang, and Qing Xia Sun. "Realize the Non-Load Bearing Walls Material Products Development of Building Envelope of Energy Conservation and Durable Fire Integration and Realize the Complete Sets of Technology Researching." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 1136–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.1136.

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Introduce the realizing the non-load bearing walls material products of building energy conservation and durable fire integration, which is also called the heat-cutting off energy-saving composite block. Introducing it’s constitute, structural features, mix design, productive technology, properties of products, main technological, economic indicators and energy saving and emission reduction effect. It is also introducing a technology thinking of new wall materials development.

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Zhang, Xiao Feng, Bin Lin, and Fang Yang Zhang. "Precision Grinding of Concave Spherical Surface of High-Alumina." Key Engineering Materials 368-372 (February 2008): 726–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.368-372.726.

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The performances of high-alumina ceramic are analyzed such as physical and mechanical property. In consideration of its brittleness-ductility change, the critical cutting depth agc of high-alumina ceramic is 3μm. When the cutting depth of single grain is less than the critical cutting depth of alumina ceramic in precision manufacturing, the material is wiped off with ductility. So the cutting depth of single grain agm should be selected within 0.1~2.5μm.Grinding wheel sharp edge is utilized for the spherical surface generation cutting. The ceramic-bonded fine grain diamond wheel is selected after considering manufacturing technology, machining parameters, its making and mending. The granularity of grinding wheel is M1~M5 and the consistence is 125%. The method of spherical surface generation cutting and the effect of high-alumina ceramic ductile machining were verified by the experiment of high-alumina ceramic precision grinding using precision grinding machine MGK1420. The result shows that the surface quality is very high and achieves the requirements.

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Otto, Randal A., and Paul W. Flint. "Powered surgical instruments for laryngeal surgery." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 122, no. 2 (February 2000): 263–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0194-5998(00)70251-8.

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Microlaryngeal surgery evolved with the development of suspension laryngoscopy and binocular microscopes for enhanced visualization. Development of microlaryngeal instrumentation followed rapidly to meet the demands of the Otolaryngology–Head and neck surgeon. Advancement of laser technology further enhanced the surgeon's ability to sharply dissect tissue using a hands-off approach and added hemostatic capability to the cutting edge. Similarly, endoscopic sinus surgery has evolved with application of minimally invasive instrumentation. The recent introduction of powered surgical instruments, combining cutting capability and suction, facilitates removal of diseased or anatomically variant tissue from sinus cavities.

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Gao, Dan, Zhi Hong Wang, Gang Ren, Zhi Hong Long, and Yu Li Chen. "Taking Fangcun District of Guangzhou as an Example to Discuss the New Joint Repair Technology of Water Distribution Network." Applied Mechanics and Materials 226-228 (November 2012): 2328–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.226-228.2328.

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This paper has discussed the working principle and characteristics of the new commonly used pipeline repair technology by introducing the currently commonly used pipeline repair technology. The new commonly used pipeline repair technology can be classified as two big kinds including one based on excavation and trenchless technology. When selecting the pipeline repair technology, we mainly considerate four factors: whether excavat pipeline , whether cut off the water and the time of cutting off water , the time of pipeline repair , the materials of pipeline repair, and so on . The actual situation and network features of water supply network in Fangcun district of Guangzhou are analysed , the joint repair technology strategies of water supply network which applies to Fangcun district are discussed by synthesizing the applicability, merit and demerit of new pipeline repair technology, and use these as technical reference and guidance for other similar areas .

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Barashev, A. R., O. V. Bazhenov, and Yu O. Tarasova. "Alternative Technology of Nickel-Cadmium Batteries Recycling." Solid State Phenomena 284 (October 2018): 822–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.284.822.

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The issue of operated-off alkaline nickel-cadmium batteries recycling is currently relevant due to a number of aspects: economic, environmental and social. It is most acute across the national corporation JSC Russian Railways. The article deals with some technological features of operated-off alkaline nickel-cadmium batteries recycling with valuable components being extracted (from the example of nickel-cadmium storage batteries of JSC "RZD" rolling equipment). The results of leaching in Trilon B synthetic oxides solution, the presence of which is possible in the raw material being processed, are presented in the study. Based on the study of leaching processes of CdO, NiO, FeO, Femet and Fe2O3 in Trilon B solution, the dependence of complexing on the pH of the solution was revealed. The experimental site of the hydrometallurgical processing of the research center (OCGP IC) in the GMO KhMC PJSC "Uralelectromed" was selected as the testing one for the technology proposed. As a raw material for the tests, a lot of negative lamellae packed in alkaline storage batteries of two different types were used. They were obtained as a result of preliminary drying and cutting at OOO Kursk factory "Accumulator". The particle size is 90% - 0.1 mm. The results obtained during the research allowed the author to formulate a hypothesis about the practical use of Trilon B for the processing of operated-off alkaline nickel-cadmium batteries with the extraction of valuable components having greater economic, environmental and social benefits compared to methods based on pyro metallurgy.

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Bai, Da Shan, Jian Fei Sun, Kai Wang, and Wu Yi Chen. "Diffusion Behavior and Wear Mechanism of WC/Co Tools when Machining of Titanium Alloy." Solid State Phenomena 279 (August 2018): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.279.60.

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In this paper, fine-grain WC/Co tools were utilized in dry turning of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The wear modes of the cutting tools at different cutting speeds were analyzed. The diffusion behavior between the cutting tool and the workpiece was studied in detail based on the Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) depth profile technology. The diffusion wear mechanism was revealed. The results showed that the diffusion layer formed at the interface between the cutting tool and the adhering material. The diffusion ability of C was the strongest, followed by W, the weakest was Co in all the elements of the cutting tool. The chemical reactions took place close to the adhering material, forming the reaction layer. As a diffusion barrier, it was possible to limit the elements diffusion from the cutting tool to the adhering material, decrease the changes in the cutting tool composition and damages. The diffusion layer, which was weakened by diffusion, was worn off and taken away by the fast flowing chip during the cutting process, causing the diffusion wear characterized by a smooth crater formation on the tool surface.

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Zhang, Yuan. "The Application of Virtual Reality Technology in Integrally Migration Construction of a Memorial Archway." Advanced Materials Research 368-373 (October 2011): 3036–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.368-373.3036.

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Virtual reality technology has the characteristics of freely interaction and living simulation, the application of virtual reality technology in civil engineering construction has a wide application prospect. In this paper the author introduced the integrally migration virtual construction of a memorial archway, the application of 3D studio max software simulated the integrally migration construction process of the memorial archway including the protection of the memorial archway, foundation underpinning, cutting off columns and lifting, rotation, translation, dropping and placing of the memorial archway etc., to test the construction project feasibility and obtained satisfactory results.

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Pan, Lin, and Lin Zhu. "Preliminary Study on Mechanism of Superalloy Deep-Hole Honing Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 271-272 (December 2012): 353–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.271-272.353.

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Anglicizing the superalloy mechanical and cutting characteristics, and according to the oil-stone grinding characteristics, choose the current commonly abrasives in the domestic. Processing performance test of inconel 718 deep-hole honing is carried out. The comparison test results show that the grinding performance of ceramic corundum is better than other oilstones at test condition. Grinding characteristics of ceramic corundum is carried on, study show that the size of ceramic alumina grits range from 0.067 to 0.005 μm, The grinding passivated tiny grains of ceramic corundum oil-stone broken and fall off timely, which is beneficial to oil-stones, self-sharpness. The excellent performance of ceramic corundumcan self-sharpening can improves the efficiency of honing effectively.

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Поздняков and Evgeniy Pozdnyakov. "Efficient and environmentally friendly technologies of stumps removal on fellings." Forestry Engineering Journal 3, no. 4 (January 21, 2014): 146–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2195.

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Shredding of stumps below the soil surface is constrained by intense abrasion of the cutting elements as a result of their interaction with the soil particles. Therefore, to solve this problem is to remove the stump from the upper soil layer. To perform this operation as a working bodies rip-strip off elements are encouraged to use in the form of pieces of rope that will not only prepare the ground around the stump, but also clear it from adhering soil. Application of this technology will reduce the abrasion and increase grinding period of cutting elements of machines for grinding stumps, thereby increasing their productivity.

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Guo, Qiang, Xiao Lan Xie, Yang Li, and Xin Yu Chen. "Studies on the Low-Voltage Dynamic Reactive Power Compensation and Switching Control for Capacitors Device." Applied Mechanics and Materials 385-386 (August 2013): 799–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.385-386.799.

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This paper is for the problems of the 400V low voltage power capacitor reactive power compensation and for the problems existing in the transient process, resuming the principle of low-voltage capacitor intelligent technology and its implementation briefly. Propose a synchronization of reactive compensation capacitor switching on-off control system based on the micro controller and adaptive control. Real-time monitoring system is used to access system active and reactive power changes in order to extract the zero voltage signals; intelligent control algorithm is used to realize the intelligence of capacitor reactive power compensation on-spot and cutting, which greatly reduce the over-voltage and flow phenomenon produced by the capacitor in the cutting process. The result checked by actual measured shows that the device is stable, reliable, and can be effective to on-site system reactive power compensation and realize intelligent cutting.

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Guo, Calvin, and David Zhen. "Prediction of off-target effects of the CRISPR/Cas9 system for design of sgRNA." E3S Web of Conferences 185 (2020): 04018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202018504018.

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CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology is the frontier of life science research. They have been used to cure human genetic diseases, achieve cell personalized treatment, develop new drugs, and improve the genetic characteristics of crops and other fields. This system relies on the enzyme Cas9 cutting target DNA (on target) under the guidance of sgRNA, but it can also cut non-target sites, which results in offtarget effects, thus causing uncontrollable mutations. The risk of off-target effect in CRISPR technology is the main limiting factor that affects the widespread application of CRISPR technology. How to evaluate and reduce the off-target effect is the urgent problem to be solved. In this work, we build up a model that can predict the score of being off-target. Through comparison with the complete genome of the target and precise mathematics that calculate the potential risk of being off-target, we optimize the sgRNA, which is capable of reducing the off-target effect. The result has proven that we can efficiently and quickly identify and screen the best editing target sites with our model. The CRISPR/Cas9 system, not even being perfected yet, has already demonstrated its potential in the field of genome editing. Hopefully through our model, the CRISPR/Cas9 system can quickly apply to more branches in life science and cure those diseases that have been previously incurable.

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Huang, Pengcheng, Shuming Chen, and Jianjun Chen. "Mechanism of floating body effect mitigation via cutting off source injection in a fully-depleted silicon-on-insulator technology." Chinese Physics B 25, no. 3 (March 2016): 036103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/25/3/036103.

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Fan, Jing Ming, and Jun Wang. "Kerf Profile Characteristics in Abrasive Air Jet Micromachining." Advanced Materials Research 797 (September 2013): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.797.33.

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Abrasive jet micromachining (AJM) is a promising technology for processing brittle materials. Based on an experimental study of hole and groove machining on an amorphous glass by abrasive air jet, the effects of processing parameters on the produced structure profile such as groove width or hole diameter, depth of cut and kerf taper angle are analyzed. It shows that the stand-off distance has a significant effect on the kerf width. Both the hole diameter and kerf width increase notably with an increase in stand-off distance. Positive correlation has been found between the depth of cut and air pressure. Under the same cutting conditions, low taper angle can be achieved when using small nozzles.

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Russo, Monia Teresa, Riccardo Aiese Cigliano, Walter Sanseverino, and Maria Immacolata Ferrante. "Assessment of genomic changes in a CRISPR/Cas9 Phaeodactylum tricornutum mutant through whole genome resequencing." PeerJ 6 (October 5, 2018): e5507. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5507.

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The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas9 system, co-opted from a bacterial defense natural mechanism, is the cutting edge technology to carry out genome editing in a revolutionary fashion. It has been shown to work in many different model organisms, from human to microbes, including two diatom species, Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Thalassiosira pseudonana. Transforming P. tricornutum by bacterial conjugation, we have performed CRISPR/Cas9-based mutagenesis delivering the nuclease as an episome; this allowed for avoiding unwanted perturbations due to random integration in the genome and for excluding the Cas9 activity when it was no longer required, reducing the probability of obtaining off-target mutations, a major drawback of the technology. Since there are no reports on off-target occurrence at the genome level in microalgae, we performed whole-genome Illumina sequencing and found a number of different unspecific changes in both the wild type and mutant strains, while we did not observe any preferential mutation in the genomic regions in which off-targets were predicted. Our results confirm that the CRISPR/Cas9 technology can be efficiently applied to diatoms, showing that the choice of the conjugation method is advantageous for minimizing unwanted changes in the genome of P. tricornutum.

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Tischer, Daniel. "Cutting the network? Facebook’s Libra currency as a problem of organisation." Finance and Society 6, no. 1 (May 28, 2020): 19–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2218/finsoc.v6i1.4406.

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This essay explores the organisational character of Facebook’s Libra currency by undertaking a critical reading of documents published by the Libra Association. Drawing on the conceptual work of Marilyn Strathern and Michel Serres, it illustrates how ownership cuts the network and encourages parasitism as a means of driving future profit. Central to this is the claim that Libra is not an exercise in democratising money, but rather, the opposite: Libra is run as a club, for the benefit of club members. The conceptual theme of 'cutting' is used to organise the argument. Rather than a cutting-edge technology, Libra’s true innovation is organisational and consists in overturning the decentralised character of blockchain, such that distributed ledger technology is re-centralised by big tech firms. Outsiders are thus cut-off from Libra; only those inside the club have the right to participate in Libra and its governance. This position also affords members an exclusive capacity to take a cut of the profits generated through Libra. As a private organisation, members have sole rights to future profits generated from the Libra ecosystem and are in this way incentivised to create new product opportunities over time.

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Jiang, Yuan, Yanju Ji, Yibing Yu, Shipeng Wang, and Yuan Wang. "Double Trapezoidal Wave Transmitting System with Controllable Turn-Off Edge." Applied Sciences 10, no. 21 (November 9, 2020): 7932. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10217932.

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For time domain transient electromagnetic measurement, the negative sign often appears in the polarization region, which contains the induced polarization information. It is considered that the polarization effect is caused by the capacitance charge of the earth. Extending the turn-off time of the emission current means increasing the charging time, and reducing the charging voltage, which makes the polarization effect easier to observe. Therefore, a double trapezoidal wave transmitting system with a controllable turn-off edge is designed in this paper. In the process of current transmitting, the turn-off time can be controlled by changing the clamping voltage depending on the passive clamping technology. By cutting into the absorption resistance, the current oscillation can be eliminated under the condition of ensuring linearity. To verify the effectiveness of the system, we designed a polarized wire loop based on the filament model simulating the polarized earth. Comparing the response of the wire loop, the emission current with short and long turn-off times contributes to inducing the induction and polarization fields respectively. The double trapezoidal wave transmitting system with a controllable turn-off edge is suitable for measuring the induced polarization effect.

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Ostromenskyi, O., O. Stetsiuk, M. Mykhailov, L. Kyrychenko, and I. Panchenko. "Efficiency of hop (Humulus L.) growing without cutting of main roots depending upon the underground plant part." Agroecological journal, no. 1 (April 6, 2021): 150–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.33730/2077-4893.1.2021.227253.

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Cutting of main roots in the hop cultivation process is one of the most energy-intensive agrotechnical operations. And it is necessary to execute it in a short time during spring work. The purpose of this research was to determine the efficiency and influence of hop growing without cutting of the main roots in different development terms of shoots in the underground plant part during the spring period on the forming of the yield, cones quality and sparing of human labor and production costs. Research methods used were: field tests, laboratory tests, statistic analysis methods. Resultsof the scientific research proved the possibility of hop growing without cutting of the main roots in conditions of the Ukrainian Northern forest-andsteppe and Polissia zone. It was stated, that the highest broken of shoots percentage (86.9– 88.5%), which enhances yield +0.9 metric Centner from hectare, or +4.3% in comparison with the traditional technology, was recorded in the variants with uncut roots during the spring period until their appearance on the soil surface with the length of 3–5 cm. In the variants with uncut roots with the presence of eyes in the underground plant part and shoots which spread on the soil surface, the percentage of broken off shoots reached 20.0–26.5, and in this case caused the yield reduction of 1.0–1.8 metric Centner from hectare, or by 4.8–8.6% lower than in the control field. Alpha acids content in the hop cones in all given variants was practically identical and made 5.1–6.0%. Calculation of economic efficiency demonstrated, that hop growing technology without cutting of main roots offers the possibility to cut down the time limits (terms) used for this operation, spare human labor by 170 worker/hours and receive pure profit of 6.4 thousands Ukrainian Hryvnia for 1 Ha of hop garden, without losses in quantity and quality of hop cones. It is economically profitable to grow hops without cutting the main roots in comparison with the traditional hop growing technology.

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S., López, Guevara H., Duchi N., and Moreno G. "Evaluation of Two "in vitro" Digestibility Tests with the "in vivo" Test of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) in Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) Feeding." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no. 6 (February 28, 2018): 399. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n6p399.

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The purpose of the present study was to compare two types of "in vitro" digestibility assays by using commercial enzymes and guinea pig cecalliquor with the in vivo assay, to identify the assay that most resembles the in vivo response. The alfalfa was used in two cutting times of 30 and 45 days. The "in vivo" digestibility of alfalfa was analyzed, obtaining that after 30 days of cutting the digestibility was 53.64% and at 45 days it was 47.72%, while for the digestibility "in vitro", the DaisyII®-Ankom Technology with cecal liquor and commercial pepsin; for the cecal liquor a value of 55.46% and 49.90% was obtained, for the alfalfa in the two cutting times, while the digestibility with enzymes was 71.01% and 66.34% respectively. It was determined that the method with more relation to the in vivo test corresponds to the trial with cecal liquor, because it presents a lower statistical difference (p <0.05) for both cut-off times. At the same time, it is identified that the protein is the nutrient that has a higher digestibility coefficient, becoming an indicator of the nutritional quality of the food.

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Itoh, Akitoshi, Yoshiaki Mori, Yuuki Sugiyama, and Shinzo Mammoto. "Intelligent Cutter for Pork Deboning Robot (Automatic Processing of Complete Pre-Deboning Process of Pork Arm)." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 21, no. 3 (June 20, 2009): 301–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2009.p0301.

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Recent innovation of the robot deboning technology is remarkable. Now in Japan, 70% of deboned chicken thigh meat in the market is processed by the deboning robot, “Toridas.” The robot deboning of pork or beef, however, is still difficult because of their complexness and strong combination of meat and bone. This paper describes new intelligent cutter for pre-deboning process of pork shoulder meat, which has not been automated in robot deboning. In this research, the authors made the cutting process of the tendon and the periostea on a bone in the condition that a cutter was set perpendicularly to a bone (perpendicular cutting process), and the process which cutter was guided along the bone (parallel cutting process) was investigated how to control automatically in the both processes. The joint separation process was also developed with sensing the position of the joint by the cutter itself (a joint separation process). The process which cuts off the periosteum of the backside of the scapula was also developed. A meat peeling plate was also developed and attached to the cutter. After all, the prospect for the full-automatic pre-deboning was obtained through these studies.

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Denkena, Berend, Benjamin Konopatzki, and Christian Pelshenke. "Electro-Contact Discharge Dressing of Cut-Off Grinding Disks for Natural Stone Machining." Key Engineering Materials 548 (April 2013): 90–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.548.90.

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In cut-off grinding of natural stone the tool performance and stability mainly depends on the self-sharpening behaviour of the cutting segments. Therefore, it is essential to adjust the bonding composition and the process parameters according to the specific separation mechanisms of the work piece material. Different tool wear mechanisms resulting from the different natural stone categories currently avoid the continuous use of one bonding specification. To overcome this limitation an electro-contact discharge dressing (ECDD) process was implemented in the cut-off grinding process. In this way, the backspacing of the bonding can be controlled in-process. The research presented in this paper focuses on the introduction of this technology in the field of stone machining. The demands for applying ECDD in the environment of a stone saw as well as the main influences and interdependencies of ECDD onto the segment topography are discussed.

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Jiang, Zhi Qiang, Xi Lan Feng, and Xian Zhang Feng. "Investigation and Application of Cold Extrusion Forming Process in Die Structure Design of Plug Extremity." Applied Mechanics and Materials 34-35 (October 2010): 888–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.34-35.888.

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a cold extrusion forming process in die structure of plug extremity is analyzed in this paper, its technological data on the tooling structure design of plug extremity are discussed, and the die architecture design and key technology in the automatic extrusion machine for plug extremity with cold extrusion forming approach were accomplished. This plug extremity equipment developed with cold extrusion forming process technology can not only achieved the process of delivering material, extruding forming and cutting-off material in automatically, but also enhanced the rigidity and intension at two ends of plug. The production efficiency and the material used ratio were increased greatly, the manufacturing cost was decreased obviously, and the plug quality with cold extrusion forming method was ensured.

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Huang, Pei Hsing, and Yu Ting Chen. "The Applications of Mold Flow Analysis on Vibration Separation Technologies of Investment Casting Components." Applied Mechanics and Materials 472 (January 2014): 699–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.472.699.

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Conventionally, the investment casting components were separated from the casting pattern tree via a grinding machine to cut off ingate/inlet of the gating system. This post-treatment process may considerably increase labor and material costs. In this paper, a fatigue damage technology was proposed to separate the components in substitution for the cutting operation of traditional grinding machines. Mold flow analyses were conducted in the design of the gating system to ensure the casting quality. An actual vibration experiment of the casting pattern tree was conducted, and the results verified that the substitutive scheme is feasible.

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Ruan, Yiqing. "Research on the Prevention and Control of the Generation of Social Public Opinion Risk in Network Events." Probe - Media and Communication Studies 2, no. 3 (July 30, 2020): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.18686/mcs.v2i3.1330.

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The social public opinion risk of network events evolves with the development of public opinion, and it can be divided into trust risk, social stability risk, information security risk, and values risk. The main reasons for these risks are government and media work failures, and the masses have problems in emotional control, technology use, and values establishment. Based on the above reasons, some requirements for management of government and media can be put forward, and there are feasible suggestions in maintaining information security cutting off untrue statements and shaping values and self-confidence.

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Yudo, Eko, and Husman Husman. "Analisa Keausan Elektroda Electrical Discharge Machining Menggunakan Metoda Response Surface Methodology." Manutech : Jurnal Teknologi Manufaktur 10, no. 02 (May 20, 2019): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33504/manutech.v10i02.63.

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The current electrical dish machine machining (EDM) machine in the field of manufacturing has developed along with conventional machines such as Lathes, Milling Machines, and Grinding Machines as the leading technology. EDM is known for its ability to make complex shapes on very hard metals. EDM machines are widely used in the manufacture of dies, cutting tools, and molds that cannot be done with the cutting process. Therefore the level of electrode wear in the EDM process must be as efficient as possible. The research was conducted to determine the exact EDM process parameter setting values. Variable parameters are current, on time, off time. To optimize the response of this study using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) method. High electrode wear is obtained in testing with parameters used Ton (300 μs), Toff (15 μs) and Current (20 A), and the smallest wear value is obtained in the test with the parameters used Ton (100 μs), Toff (15 μs) and Current (10 A).

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Gori, Riccardo, Alice Balducci, Cecilia Caretti, and Claudio Lubello. "Monitoring the oxygen transfer efficiency of full-scale aeration systems: investigation method and experimental results." Water Science and Technology 70, no. 1 (March 28, 2014): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2014.165.

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This paper reports the results of a series of off-gas tests aimed at monitoring the evolution of the oxygen transfer efficiency in an urban wastewater treatment plant (3,500 population equivalent) located in Tuscany (Italy). The tests were conducted over a 2-year period starting with the testing of the aeration system. It was found that in the absence of membrane-panel cleaning operations, the oxygen transfer efficiency under standard conditions in process water (αSOTE) dropped from 18 to 9.5% in 2 years. This gives rise to a 40% increase in the wastewater treatment plant annual energy costs. The on-site chemical cleaning of the diffusers allowed for an almost total recovery of the transfer efficiency (αSOTE equal to 16%). The use of the off-gas method for monitoring the oxygen transfer efficiency over time is therefore essential for enabling correct planning of the cleaning operations of the diffusers and for cutting the energy consumption and operating costs of the aeration system.

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Kurchenko, Alexander. "Technology of Oil Spill Treatment and Accelerated Rehabilitation of Swampy Soil." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1999, no. 1 (March 1, 1999): 1079–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1999-1-1079.

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ABSTRACT As a result of Vosei-Golovnye pipeline break and consequental oil spill (Russia, Komi Republic) in 1994 about 80 hectares of the earth surface were contaminated, major part of which represents swampy soil. In the period of oil spill liquidation works, an original technology of swampy soil treatment and recovery was designed. The technology process of oil spill treatment and swampy soil rehabilitation includes 5 stages. 1st stage: oil spill containment by creating dikes of earth. 2nd stage: removal of gross oil concentrations on treated sections with the assistance of specially constructed drags. After the second stage residual oil concentration are not less than 250,000 mg/kg of peat cover. 3d stage: residual oil concentrations are hosed off by high pressure water. After the treatment is completed the oil concentration is reduced to 50,000–60,000 mg/kg of peat cover. 4th stage: cutting out 3 to 5 cm of peat cover polluted by oil and oil slime recovery on sections under cleaning. The oil concentration is reduced until the parameters which make possible normal vegetation of plants. 5th stage: biological recultivation during of which the recultivated sections are sowed with plants typical for this swampy region.

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Wang, He, and Liguo Chen. "Novel electrodes for precise and accurate droplet dispensing and splitting in digital microfluidics." Nanotechnology Reviews 10, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 857–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2021-0054.

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Abstract Digital microfluidics (DMF) is a versatile fluid handling tool that is widely used in the biochemical field. There are very high requirements for the volume of single droplet in many biochemical applications. Droplet dispensing and splitting are two main operations to generate a single droplet in DMF. Therefore, the generation of droplets with high volume precision and accuracy in the two droplet operations is one of the keys to the efficient application of DMF in biochemical analysis. We have developed a novel droplet dispensing and splitting scheme where electrode geometry is optimized. The liquid column can contract in a regular shape, which keep the neck shape uniform and stable, and the position of pinch-off point was fixed; meanwhile, the liquid tail is eliminated before pinching off, so that the precision and accuracy of droplet volume were greatly improved. The increase in the radius of the cutting electrodes elongated the droplet neck and increased the neck curvature at the pinch-off point, which further effectively improved the precision and accuracy of droplet volume. The optimized droplet splitting scheme can also be applied to the droplet splitting with unequal volume effectively.

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Clydesdale, G. M., A. Leseultre, and E. Lamine. "Low Invasion Corehead Reduces Mud Invasion While Improving Performances." Journal of Energy Resources Technology 116, no. 4 (December 1, 1994): 258–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906451.

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A corehead was designed, manufactured and tested to reduce fluid invasion of the core. This is obtained by minimizing the exposure time of the core to the drilling fluid in increasing the rate of penetration (ROP). The design incorporates a medium heavyset polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) cutting structure developed in accordance with cutting models and balancing methods used for drill bits. The highest ROP is achieved by a particular hydraulic design: flow ports shape and positioning to clean the cutting structure enhance the drilled cuttings removal while preventing drilling fluid in the throat of the corehead. Moreover, an internal lip works with a special inner barrel shoe to effectively seal off mud flow from the throat. All the design features have been subjected to laboratory tests, including measurement of pressure drop across the corehead and flow visualization studies. Flow visualization tests include high-speed filming of the flow and paint tracing to indicate the special flow pattern. In conjunction with lab tests, a numerical simulation was performed using fluid dynamics software to optimize hydraulic parameters. The low invasion core bit has been used in numerous applications. The performance achieved was significantly better than the average achieved over a period of years using various PDC coreheads. The rate of penetration was increased by a factor of 4.8 and bit life by 2.3 (often with reusable condition).

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ABLYAZ, TIMUR RIZOVICH, and KARIM RAVILEVICH MURATOV. "THE TECHNOLOGICAL QUALITY CONTROL OF STACK CUTTING BY WIRE ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE MACHINING." Surface Review and Letters 24, no. 05 (October 19, 2016): 1750060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x17500603.

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Electrical discharge machining (EDM) of a stack allows achieving high precision and quality of cut surfaces and, therefore, this method is indispensable for state-of-the-art mechanical engineering. The procedure of EDM is carried out with wire-cutting machines. The characterization of constructive parameters of a stack of material and applying of an efficient cutting regime are the most important preconditions providing high precision of EDM. The goal of this work is the improvement of quality and efficiency of wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) technology by theoretical and experimental studies of the WEDM process. The subsequent development of theoretical and empirical models allowing for the calculation of the quality parameters of treated surfaces is realized. It is shown that the main characteristics of cut surfaces are the roughness, size precision, error profile and structure of a surface layer. For the first time, the regression dependencies between the main parameters of the WEDM process (pulse [Formula: see text]-time [Formula: see text], off-time [Formula: see text], the height of the stack and the physicomechanical properties of the cut materials are obtained. The experimental study of WEDM confirms the results of mathematical modeling. It is proved experimentally that at an interlayer gap higher than 0.1[Formula: see text]mm, the cutting process stability is decreasing whereas the probability of the electrode fracture is increasing. However, it is found that at [Formula: see text]s and [Formula: see text]s, a stable cutting regime leading to bundling of the stock materials made from steel 65Γ can be realized.

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Liu, Ying, Alexandr Kuznetsov, and Bowen Sa. "Simulation and Analysis of the Impact of Cylinder Deactivation on Fuel Saving and Emissions of a Medium-Speed High-Power Diesel Engine." Applied Sciences 11, no. 16 (August 19, 2021): 7603. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11167603.

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The potential benefit of cylinder deactivation (CDA) on power and emission performances has been numerically investigated on a locomotive 16-cylinder diesel engine. A 1D model combined with a predictive friction model and a 3D combustion model based and validated on experimental data have been developed to simulate engine working processes by deactivating half of the cylinders by cutting off the fuel supply and maintaining/cutting off valve motions. The results demonstrate that CDA with the valves closed decreases the BSFC by 11% at 450 rpm and by 14% at 556 rpm with a load of 1000 N∙m, due to increased indicated efficiency and reduced mechanical losses. After deactivating cylinders, frictional losses of piston rings increase in the active cylinders because of the raised gas pressure and the lubricating oil temperature decrease. Friction losses of the main bearings and big-end connecting rod bearings decrease due to the overall load drop. In comparison with the normal operation, CDA with the valves closed decreases the BSCO emission by 75.26% and the BSsoot emission by 62.9%. As the EGR rate is 30%, CDA with the valves closed effectively reduces the BSNOx emission to 4.2 g/(kW·h) at the cost of a 0.8% increase in the BSFC and without the rise in the BSCO emission.

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Alberdi, A., A. Rivero, A. Carrascal, and Aitzol Lamikiz. "Kerf Profile Modelling in Abrasive Waterjet Milling." Materials Science Forum 713 (February 2012): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.713.91.

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The Abrasive Water Jet milling process is demonstrated to be an efficient technology for milling low machinability materials. Although its capability is demonstrated, the industrial application of this technology requires a depth control, for which a work focused in process modelling is needed. This research work introduces a model to predict the kerf shape in AWJ slot milling in Aluminium 7075-T651 in terms of four important process parameters: pressure, abrasive mass flow rate, stand-off distance and traverse feed rate. A hybrid evolutionary approach was employed for modelling the profile through two parameters: the maximum cutting depth and the full width at half maximum. Both the maximum depth and the width were also modelled as a function of aforementioned process parameters based on Analysis of Variance and regression techniques. Combination of two models resulted in an adequate strategy to predict the kerf shape for different machining conditions.

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Parks, Jennifer A. "Lifting the Burden of Women's Care Work: Should Robots Replace the “Human Touch”?" Hypatia 25, no. 1 (2010): 100–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.2009.01086.x.

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This paper treats the political and ethical issues associated with the new caretaking technologies. Given the number of feminists who have raised serious concerns about the future of care work in the United States, and who have been critical of the degree to which society “free rides” on women's caretaking labor, I consider whether technology may provide a solution to this problem. Certainly, if we can create machines and robots to take on particular tasks, we may lighten the care burden that women currently face, much of which is heavy and repetitious, and which results in injury and care “burnout” for many female caretakers. Yet, in some contexts, I argue that high-tech robotic care may undermine social relationships, cutting individuals off from the possibility of social connectedness with others.

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Mehmood, Adnan, Han He, Xiaochen Chen, Aleksi Vianto, Ville Vianto, Oğuz ‘Oz’ Buruk, and Johanna Virkki. "ClothFace: A Passive RFID-Based Human-Technology Interface on a Shirtsleeve." Advances in Human-Computer Interaction 2020 (August 5, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8854042.

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This paper introduces ClothFace, a shirtsleeve-integrated human-technology interface platform, which comprises two wrist antennas and three radio frequency identification (RFID) integrated circuits (ICs), each with a unique ID. The platform prototype, which is created on a shirtsleeve by cutting the antennas and antenna-IC interconnections from copper tape, can be used for push button and swipe controlling. Each IC can be activated, i.e., electrically connected to the two antennas, by touching the IC. These ICs can act as wireless input buttons to the technology around us. Due to the used passive ultrahigh-frequency (UHF) RFID technology, there is no need for clothing-integrated energy sources, but the interface platform gets all the needed energy from an external RFID reader. The platform prototype was found to be readable with an external RFID reader from all directions at distances of 70–80 cm. Further, seven people giving altogether 1400 inputs tested the prototype sleeves on a table and on body. In these first tests, 96–100% (table) and 92–100% (on-body) success rates were achieved in a gamelike testing setup. Further, the platform was proved to be readable with an off-the-shelf handheld RFID reader from a distance of 40 cm. Based on these initial results, this implementation holds the potential to be used as a touch interface blended into daily clothing, as well as a modular touch-based interaction platform that can be integrated into the surfaces of electronic devices, such as home appliances.

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Wang, Bing, Weiyang Liu, Min Wang, and Wangping Shen. "Research on Bidding Mechanism for Power Grid with Electric Vehicles Based on Smart Contract Technology." Energies 13, no. 2 (January 13, 2020): 390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13020390.

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To promote coordinated development of electric vehicles (EVs) and power grid under open power selling, a bidding mechanism using blockchain smart contract technology was proposed. By demand respone management (DRM) on and off the blockchain, based on different driving characteristics of EV subgroups, various charging–discharging demands and constraints were fully considered between EV user subgroups and agent. Purchase–sale transaction relationship and unit commitment plan were fully considered between the EV agent and power dispatching center under economic dispatching. Aiming at the lowest power purchase cost of EV users, the highest profit of EV agent and the lowest cost of power economic dispatching, smart contract models with optimal benefits were established among the three. The smart contract models were solved by combining the internal and external optimization relationship of particle swarm and genetic algorithms. The charging–discharging price was optimized by DRM to realize the reasonable allocation of charging–discharging resources of EVs. An example analysis shows that this bidding mechanism can achieve peak–cutting and valley–filling for power load. At the same time, it can effectively protect the benefits of EV users, agent, and power dispatching center. This result can provide a reference for the application of smart contract in bidding of EVs to the power grid.

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Mouralova, Katerina, Libor Benes, Tomas Prokes, Josef Bednar, Radim Zahradnicek, Robert Jankovych, Jiri Fries, and Jakub Vontor. "Analysis of the Machinability of Copper Alloy Ampcoloy by WEDM." Materials 13, no. 4 (February 17, 2020): 893. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13040893.

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The unconventional technology of wire electrical discharge machining is widely used in all areas of industry. For this reason, there is always an effort for efficient machining at the lowest possible cost. For this purpose, the following comprehensive study has been carried out to optimize the machining of the copper alloy Ampcoloy 35, which is particularly useful in plastic injection moulds. Within the study, a half-factor experiment of 25-1 with 10 axial points and seven central points of a total of 33 rounds was carried out, which was focused on the response monitoring of the input factors in the form of the machine parameters setup: gap voltage, pulse on time, pulse off time, discharge current, and wire speed. Based on the study of the response in the form of cutting speed and surface topography, their statistical models were created, while the optimal setting of machine parameters was determined to maximize the cutting speed and minimize the topography parameters. Further, a detailed cross-sectional analysis of surface and subsurface layer morphology was performed using electron microscopy including chemical composition analysis. In order to study microstructural changes in the material at the atomic level, a lamella was created, which was then studied using a transmission electron microscope.

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Rosenberg, Hananel. "The “flashpacker” and the “unplugger”: Cell phone (dis)connection and the backpacking experience." Mobile Media & Communication 7, no. 1 (July 20, 2018): 111–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050157918777778.

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The cellular phone’s unique characteristics—its mobility, its portability, and the constant availability that it enables—challenge the feasibility of solitary spaces in individuals’ lives. These spaces—for example, cultural “timeouts,” leisure, and backpacking travel—necessitate a certain degree of cutting oneself off from one’s daily routine, which is threatened by the constant presence of one’s cell phone. This study examines the role of cell phones in young adults’ backpacking experience. Using questionnaires ( n = 105) and in-depth interviews ( n = 14) with “cellular backpackers” and “cell-free backpackers,” the study shows how an attempt is made to reduce availability and attain maximum control over the scope and timing of communication, using a variety of avoidance practices. Those practices derived from the personal narrative structure of the backpacking experience as an escapist, “dropping-off-the-radar” one, and as an attempt to preserve the trek as a space that is cut off and isolated from a technology-saturated environment. In addition, it was found that backpackers care a great deal about their parents’ position when making their decisions whether to take their phones with them and when to use them. In this regard, the article continues the discussion on the metaphor of the cell phone as a transitional object, applying this concept from childhood and adolescence to the twenties and thirties, the ages of most backpackers. On another level, the article addresses the mobile phone’s unique function as an antistatus symbol, in a way that contradicts its function in an ordinary context.

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Sujono, Augustinus, Feri Adriyanto, Hari Maghfiroh, Joko Slamet Saputro, and Agus Ramelan. "Wide Range Variable Voltage Transformerless DC Power Supply Using TRIAC." Journal of Electrical, Electronic, Information, and Communication Technology 2, no. 2 (October 30, 2020): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/jeeict.2.2.44809.

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Variable voltage DC power supply that has wide range of power, lightweight and inexpensive is quite difficult to obtain. This research designs and tests a DC power supply without a transformer using switching technology that utilizes TRIAC. The 220 Volt AC power source is converted to DC electricity by the method of cutting off some AC waves signal, using TRIAC, and then rectifying it with diodes and filters. DIAC functions as a trigger TRIAC at the specified time, by turning the variable resistor. The test results show that the output DC power voltage can be adjusted from 5 Volts to 75 Volts by adjusting the DIAC resistance and the load resistance. The results of the series image characteristics are given 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional graphics.

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Tan, Qiang, Baohua Yu, Jingen Deng, Kai Zhao, and Jianguo Chen. "Study on Wellbore Stability and Instability Mechanism in Piedmont Structures." Open Petroleum Engineering Journal 8, no. 1 (July 24, 2015): 208–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874834101508010208.

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Piedmont tectonic belts are rich of oil and gas resources, however the intense tectonic stress and broken formation may cause great drilling problems in piedmont structures such as borehole collapse, lost circulation and gas cutting. Through analysis of in situ stress properties, bedding structure and mechanical characteristics, wellbore instability mechanism was expounded from rock mechanics, chemistry of drilling fluid and drilling technology. The high tectonic stress, formation strength decreasing and fluid pressure rising after mud filtrate seepage are main reasons for borehole collapse. The methods of calculating collapse and fracture pressure and determining drilling safety density window were put forward based on mechanical analysis. In order to reduce drilling problems in piedmont structures, some countermeasures should be taken from optimizing well track and casing program, using proper mud density, improving inhibitive and sealing ability of drilling fluid. Good sealing ability can reduce seepage and cut off pressure transmission, enhancing the effective support force. This is the key technology of maintaining wellbore stability in hard brittle shale in piedmont structures.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Cutting-off technology'

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