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Journal articles on the topic 'Cyanide ligand'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 11 February 2022

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1

Qin, Ying-Lian, Hong Sun, Yan Jing, Xiu-Ping Jiang, Gao-Feng Wang, and Jian-Fang Qin. "A novel three-dimensional copper(I) cyanide coordination polymer constructed from various bridging ligands: synthesis, crystal structure and characterization." Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry 75, no. 11 (October 23, 2019): 1517–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053229619014025.

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The cyanide ligand can act as a strong σ-donor and an effective π-electron acceptor that exhibits versatile bridging abilities, such as terminal, μ2-C:N, μ3-C:C:N and μ4-C:C:N:N modes. These ligands play a key role in the formation of various copper(I) cyanide systems, including one-dimensional (1D) chains, two-dimensional (2D) layers and three-dimensional (3D) frameworks. According to the literature, numerous coordination polymers based on terminal, μ2-C:N and μ3-C,C,N bridging modes have been documented so far. However, systems based on the μ4-C:C:N:N bridging mode are relatively rare. In this work, a novel cyanide-bridged 3D CuI coordination framework, namely poly[(μ2-2,2′-biimidazole-κ2 N 3:N 3′)(μ4-cyanido-κ4 C:C:N:N)(μ2-cyanido-κ2 C:N)dicopper(I)], [Cu2(CN)2(C6H6N4)] n , (I), was synthesized hydrothermally by reaction of environmentally friendly K3[Fe(CN)6], CuCl2·2H2O and 2,2′-biimidazole (H2biim). It should be noted that cyanide ligands may act as reducing agents to reduce CuII to CuI under hydrothermal conditions. Compound (I) contains diverse types of bridging ligands, such as μ4-C:C:N:N-cyanide, μ2-C:N-cyanide and μ2-biimidazole. Interestingly, the [Cu2] dimers are bridged by rare μ4-C:C:N:N-mode cyanide ligands giving rise to the first example of a 1D dimeric {[Cu2(μ4-C:C:N:N)] n+} n infinite chain. Furthermore, adjacent dimer-based chains are linked by μ2-C:N bridging cyanide ligands, generating a neutral 2D wave-like (4,4) layer structure. Finally, the 2D layers are joined together via bidentate bridging H2biim to create a 3D cuprous cyanide network. This arrangement leads to a systematic variation in dimensionality from 1D chain→2D sheet→3D framework by different types of bridging ligands. Compound (I) was further characterized by thermal analysis, solid-state UV–Vis diffuse-reflectance and photoluminescence studies. The solid-state UV–Vis diffuse-reflectance spectra show that compound (I) is a wide-gap semiconductor with band gaps of 3.18 eV. The photoluminescence study shows a strong blue–green photoluminescence at room temperature, which may be associated with metal-to-ligand charge transfer.

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2

Piromchom, Jureepan, Jintana Othong, Jaursup Boonmak, Ilpo Mutikainen, and Sujittra Youngme. "A novel one-dimensional metal–organic framework with a μ-cyanido-argentate group:catena-poly[[(5,5′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridyl-κ2N,N′)silver(I)]-μ-cyanido-κ2N:C]." Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry 71, no. 12 (November 7, 2015): 1057–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053229615020288.

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The design and synthesis of metal coordination and supramolecular frameworks containingN-donor ligands and dicyanidoargentate units is of interest due to their potential applications in the fields of molecular magnetism, catalysis, nonlinear optics and luminescence. In the design and synthesis of extended frameworks, supramolecular interactions, such as hydrogen bonding, π–π stacking and van der Waals interactions, have been exploited for molecular recognition associated with biological activity and for the engineering of molecular solids.The title compound, [Ag(CN)(C12H12N2)]n, crystallizes with the AgIcation on a twofold axis, half a cyanide ligand disordered about a centre of inversion and half a twofold-symmetric 5,5′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine (5,5′-dmbpy) ligand in the asymmetric unit. Each AgIcation exhibits a distorted tetrahedral geometry; the coordination environment comprises one C(N) atom and one N(C) atom from substitutionally disordered cyanide bridging ligands, and two N atoms from a bidentate chelating 5,5′-dmbpy ligand. The cyanide ligand links adjacent AgIcations to generate a one-dimensional zigzag chain. These chains are linked togetherviaweak nonclassical intermolecular interactions, generating a two-dimensional supramolecular network.

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3

Guan, Guizhi, Yuxiang Gao, Lixia Wang, and Tao Wang. "Bis(cyanido-κC)bis(1,10-phenanthroline-κ2 N,N′)chromium(III) bis(azido-κN)[N,N′-(o-phenylene)bis(pyridine-2-carboxamide)-κ4 N]chromate(III) monohydrate." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 63, no. 11 (October 17, 2007): m2750. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536807049872.

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The title compound, [Cr(CN)2(C12H8N2)2][Cr(N3)2(C18H12N4O2)]·H2O, contains [CrIII(CN)2(phen)2]+ cations (phen is 1,10-phenanthroline) and [CrIII(N3)2(bpb)]− anions [bpb is 1,2-bis(pyridine-2-carboxamido)benzene or N,N′-(o-phenylene)bis(pyridine-2-carboxamide)]. In the cations, the CrIII atom is coordinated by two phen ligands and two cyanide ligands in a distorted octahedral geometry. In the anions, the CrIII atom is coordinated by the tetradentate bpb ligand and two azide ions, forming a distorted octahedral geometry. There is one solvent water molecule per cation–anion pair, which forms hydrogen bonds to one carbonyl group of the bpb ligand and to the terminal N atom of one cyanide ligand.

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4

Kettle, Sidney F. A., Gian Luca Aschero, Eliano Diana, Rosanna Rossetti, and Pier Luigi Stanghellini. "The Vibrational Spectra of the Cyanide Ligand Revisited: Terminal Cyanides." Inorganic Chemistry 45, no. 13 (June 2006): 4928–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic0514041.

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5

Kettle, Sidney F. A., Eliano Diana, Enrico Boccaleri, and Pier Luigi Stanghellini. "The Vibrational Spectra of the Cyanide Ligand Revisited. Bridging Cyanides." Inorganic Chemistry 46, no. 7 (April 2007): 2409–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic0610482.

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6

Blackmore, R. S., P. M. A. Gadsby, C. Greenwood, and A. J. Thomson. "The effect of haem ligands on the redox states of the hexa-haem nitrite reductase from Wolinella succinogenes." Biochemical Journal 271, no. 1 (October 1, 1990): 253–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2710253.

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The nitrite reductase of Wolinella succinogenes containing six covalently bound haem groups has one haem group that will not reduce fully in the presence of excess Na2S2O4. The effect of the extrinsic ligands CO and cyanide on the redox state of this haem was studied by e.p.r. and magnetic c.d. spectroscopy. It was found that both ligands increased the extent of reduction of this haem group, and that in the case of CO binding the level of reduction was correlated with the extent of CO saturation of the enzyme. Stopped-flow studies of the effect of cyanide binding on the rate of dithionite reduction showed that the rate of reduction of the ligand-binding site was increased in the presence of cyanide. This suggests that reduction of the haem groups at the active site is thermodynamically unfavourable in the absence of an extrinsic ligand. The role of the ‘non-reducing’ haem group and the effect of ligands on this centre and on the rate of reduction are discussed in relation to the reduction of nitrite by this enzyme.

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7

Kettle, Sidney F. A., Eliano Diana, Edoardo M. C. Marchese, Enrico Boccaleri, Gianluca Croce, Tianlu Sheng, and Pier Luigi Stanghellini. "The Vibrational Spectra of the Cyanide Ligand Revisited: Double Bridging Cyanides." European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry 2010, no. 25 (July 13, 2010): 3920–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejic.201000265.

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8

Setifi, Zouaoui, Sylvain Bernès, Olivier Pérez, Fatima Setifi, and Djamil-Azzeddine Rouag. "Crystal structure of μ-cyanido-1:2κ2N:C-dicyanido-1κC,2κC-bis(quinolin-8-amine-1κ2N,N′)-2-silver(I)-1-silver(II): rare occurrence of a mixed-valence AgI,IIcompound." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 71, no. 6 (May 23, 2015): 698–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989015009664.

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The title dinuclear complex, [Ag2(CN)3(C9H8N2)2], may be considered as an AgIIcompound with the corresponding metal site coordinated by two bidentate quinolin-8-amine molecules, one cyanide group and one dicyanidoargentate(I) anion, [Ag(CN)2]−. Since this latter ligand contains an AgIatom, the complex should be a class 1 or class 2 mixed-valence compound, according to the Robin–Day classification. The AgIIatom is six-coordinated in a highly distorted octahedral geometry, while the AgIatom displays the expected linear geometry. In the crystal, the amino groups of the quinolin-8-amine ligands form N—H...N hydrogen bonds with the N atoms of the non-bridging cyanide ligands, forming a two-dimensional network parallel to (102). The terminal cyanide ligands are not engaged in polymeric bonds and the title compound is an authentic molecular complex. The title molecule is thus a rare example of a stable AgI,IIcomplex, and the first mixed-valence AgI,IImolecular complex characterized by X-ray diffraction.

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9

Smékal, Zdenek, Zdenek Trávnícek, Jaromír Marek, and Milan Nádvornik. "Cyano-Bridged Bimetallic Complexes of Copper(II) with Nitroprusside. Crystal Structure of [Cu(H2NCH2CH(NH2)CH3)2Fe(CN)5NO] . H2O." Australian Journal of Chemistry 53, no. 3 (2000): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch99131.

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Five new complexes of compositions [Cu(1,2-pn)2Fe(CN)5NO]·H2O (1,2-pn = propane-1,2-diamine) and [Cu(L)Fe(CN)5NO]·xH2O (L = tmen (N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethane-1,2-diamine), x = 0.5; L = trimeen (N,N,N′-trimethylethane-1,2-diamine), x = 1; L = dien (N-(2-aminoethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine), x = 0; L = medpt (N-(3-aminopropyl)-N-methylpropane-1,3-diamine), x = 2) have been isolated from the reaction mixture of Cu(ClO4)2·6H2O (or CuCl2·2H2O), the amine and Na2 [Fe(CN)5NO]·2H2O in water. The complexes have been characterized by infrared and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopies, and magnetic measurements. Single-crystal X-ray structural analysis revealed that the [Cu(1,2-pn)2Fe(CN)5NO]·H2O complex assumes a cyanide-bridged binuclear structure in which iron(II) is six-coordinated by five cyanide ligands and one nitrosyl group (the nitrosyl group lies cis to the bridging cyanide group), while copper(II) is five-coordinated by two propane-1,2-diamine ligands and a bridging cyanide ligand in a distorted tetragonal pyramidal arrangement.

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10

Nakamura, Mikio. "Is Cyanide Really a Strong-Field Ligand?" Angewandte Chemie International Edition 48, no. 15 (February 16, 2009): 2638–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.200805446.

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11

Sutherland, J., C. Greenwood, J. Peterson, and A. J. Thomson. "An investigation of the ligand-binding properties of Pseudomonas aeruginosa nitrite reductase." Biochemical Journal 233, no. 3 (February 1, 1986): 893–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2330893.

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The low-temperature e.p.r. and m.c.d. (magnetic-circular-dichroism) spectra of Pseudomonas aeruginosa nitrite reductase, together with those of its partially and fully cyanide-bound derivatives, were investigated. The m.c.d. spectra in the range 600-2000 nm indicate that the native axial ligands to haem c are histidine and methionine, and furthermore that it is the methionine ligand that must be displaced before cyanide binding at this haem. The m.c.d. spectra in the range 1000-2000 nm contain no charge-transfer bands arising from low-spin ferric haem d1, a chlorin. New optical transitions in the region 700-850 nm were found for the cyanide adduct of haem d1. The g-values of haem d1 in the native enzyme are 2.51, 2.43 and 1.71, suggesting co-ordination by two histidine ligands in the oxidized state. There is clear evidence in the e.p.r. data of an interaction between the c and d1 haem groups. This is not apparent in the optical spectra. The results are interpreted in terms of haem groups that are remote from each other, their interaction being mediated through protein conformational changes. The possible implications of this in relation to reduction processes catalysed by the enzyme are considered.

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12

Malmir, Narges, Najaf Allahyari Fard, Yamkela Mgwatyu, and Lukhanyo Mekuto. "Cyanide Hydratase Modification Using Computational Design and Docking Analysis for Improved Binding Affinity in Cyanide Detoxification." Molecules 26, no. 6 (March 23, 2021): 1799. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26061799.

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Cyanide is a hazardous and detrimental chemical that causes the inactivation of the respiration system through the inactivation of cytochrome c oxidase. Because of the limitation in the number of cyanide-degrading enzymes, there is a great demand to design and introduce new enzymes with better functionality. This study developed an integrated method of protein-homology-modelling and ligand-docking protein-design approaches that reconstructs a better active site from cyanide hydratase (CHT) structure. Designing a mutant CHT (mCHT) can improve the CHT performance. A computational design procedure that focuses on mutation for constructing a new model of cyanide hydratase with better activity was used. In fact, this study predicted the three-dimensional (3D) structure of CHT for subsequent analysis. Inducing mutation on CHT of Trichoderma harzianum was performed and molecular docking was used to compare protein interaction with cyanide as a ligand in both CHT and mCHT. By combining multiple designed mutations, a significant improvement in docking for CHT was obtained. The results demonstrate computational capabilities for enhancing and accelerating enzyme activity. The result of sequence alignment and homology modeling show that catalytic triad (Cys-Glu-Lys) was conserved in CHT of Trichoderma harzianum. By inducing mutation in CHT structure, MolDock score enhanced from −18.1752 to −23.8575, thus the nucleophilic attack can occur rapidly by adding Cys in the catalytic cavity and the total charge of protein in pH 6.5 is increased from −6.0004 to −5.0004. Also, molecular dynamic simulation shows a stable protein-ligand complex model. These changes would help in the cyanide degradation process by mCHT.

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13

Zuo, Minghui, Haiyu Wang, Jie Xu, Lingling Zhu, and Shuxin Cui. "Crystal structure of poly[(2,2′-bipyridine-κ2N,N′)tetrakis(μ-cyanido-κ2N:C)dinickel(II)]." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 71, no. 6 (May 28, 2015): 709–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989015009706.

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The polymeric title complex, [Ni2(CN)4(C10H8N2)]n, was obtained serendipitously under hydrothermal conditions. The asymmetric unit consists of one half of an [Ni(CN)4]2−anion with the Ni2+cation situated on an inversion centre, and one half of an [Ni(2,2′-bpy)]2+cation (2,2′-bpy is 2,2′-bipyridine), with the second Ni2+cation situated on a twofold rotation axis. The two Ni2+cations exhibit different coordination spheres. Whereas the coordination of the metal in the anion is that of a slightly distorted square defined by four C-bound cyanide ligands, the coordination in the cation is that of a distorted octahedron defined by four N-bound cyanide ligands and two N atoms from the chelating 2,2′-bpy ligand. The two different Ni2+cations are alternately bridged by the cyanide ligands, resulting in a two-dimensional structure extending parallel to (010). Within the sheets, π–π interactions between pyridine rings of neighbouring 2,2′-bpy ligands, with a centroid-to-centroid distance of 3.687 (3) Å, are present. The crystal packing is dominated by van der Waals forces. A weak C—H...N interaction between adjacent sheets is also observed.

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14

MOODY, John A., Roy MITCHELL, Alan E. JEAL, and Peter R. RICH. "Comparison of the ligand-binding properties of native and copper-less cytochromes bo from Escherichia coli." Biochemical Journal 324, no. 3 (June 15, 1997): 743–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3240743.

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The binding of four anionic ligands, cyanide, fluoride, azide and formate, to cytochrome bo purified from Escherichia coli cells grown with a copper supplement (+Cu cyt.bo) is described. Membrane-bound cytochrome bo that lacks the copper component, CuB, of its active site can be prepared from cells grown under conditions where the availability of copper is limited by the presence of a CuI chelator, 2,2′-bicinchinonic acid. The ligand-binding properties of this copper-less enzyme (-Cu cyt.bo) are compared with those of +Cu cyt.bo. As judged from near-UV/visible spectroscopic changes, cyanide forms a low-spin complex with +Cu cyt.bo, whereas azide, fluoride and formate form high-spin complexes. The pH-dependences of binding suggest that for all four of these anionic ligands, both the rates of binding and the binding affinities are primarily dependent on the concentration of their protonated forms. -Cu cyt.bo, which shows less than 15% of the duroquinol oxidase activity of +Cu cyt.bo, binds cyanide, azide and fluoride, but with greatly decreased affinity (< 1/30, 1/2000 and 1/2500 respectively at pH 5.5 compared with +Cu cyt.bo). The complex of azide with -Cu cyt.bo still seems to be high-spin and azide binding to -Cu cyt.bo is still pH-dependent, although less so than azide binding to +Cu cyt.bo.

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15

Buist, Richard J., Steve C. F. Au-Yeung, and Donald R. Eaton. "The crystal field strength of the nitro ligand and the chemistry of the hexanitrocobaltate(III) anion." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 63, no. 12 (December 1, 1985): 3558–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v85-584.

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The chemical and spectroscopic properties of the hexanitrocobaltate(III) anion are not in accord with the classification of the N-bonded nitrite ion as a strong field ligand. The nitro groups are rapidly displaced by other ligands, including water, and in dilute aqueous solution spontaneous reduction to Co(II) occurs. Comparison of solid state and solution vibrational and 59Co nmr spectra demonstrates that the principal species in solution is the same as in the solid. All ligands are N-bonded. However, within 2 or 3 min of dissolution new species appear. An electron transfer mechanism for ligand exchange is suggested. It is shown that the band at 480 nm arises from the first d–d transition of the pentanitroaquacobaltate(III) ion and not from a hexanitrocobaltate(III) transition. The composition of the aged solutions has been studied by 59Co, 14N, and 17O nmr. At least 10 different species are apparent in the 59Co spectra. They have been assigned to mixed nitro/nitrito/aqua ions. Electron transfer can also lead to the formation of Co2+ and NO3−, ions, both ions being detected by 14N and 17O nmr spectroscopy. The Co complexed nitro ligand has been detected for the first time in the 14N nmr spectrum. Analysis of 59Co chemical shifts shows that the crystal field strength of the nitro ligand falls steadily with the number of nitro groups in the molecule. The cis groups are four times more effective than the trans groups in causing this change. The cyano ligand shows the opposite behaviour — the crystal field strength increases with substitution and trans groups have a larger effect than cis groups. The reactions of the hexanitrocobaltate(III) ion with ethylenediamine and with cyanide ions have been studied by 59Co nmr. Mixed nitro complexes are formed with ethylenediamine but mixed nitrito complexes predominate with cyanide.

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16

Berthet, Jean-Claude, Pierre Thuéry, and Michel Ephritikhine. "Advances in f-element cyanide chemistry." Dalton Transactions 44, no. 17 (2015): 7727–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5dt00692a.

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By using the cyanide ligand, actinide compounds with unprecedented structures, U^III–CN vs. Ce^III–NC and U^III–CN vs. U^IV–NC coordination modes, and novel high-valent uranium complexes were revealed.

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17

Marquez, Leah A., and H. Brian Dunford. "Cyanide binding to canine myeloperoxidase." Biochemistry and Cell Biology 67, no. 4-5 (April 1, 1989): 187–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/o89-029.

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Equilibria and kinetics of cyanide binding to canine myeloperoxidase were studied. Spectral results support the presence of two heme binding sites; an isosbestic point at 444 nm and a linear Scatchard plot suggest that the binding affinity of cyanide to the two subunits of the enzyme is the same. The dissociation constant is 0.53 μM. The pH dependence of the apparent second order rate constant indicates the presence of an acid–base group on the enzyme with a pKa of 3.8 ± 0.1. The protonated form of cyanide binds to the basic enzyme with a rate constant of (4.3 ± 0.3) × 106 M−1 s−1.Key words: myeloperoxidase, cyanide binding, equilibrium binding, ligand binding kinetics.

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18

Chaudhary, Karan, Manoj Trivedi, Dhanraj T. Masram, and Nigam P. Rath. "Transition-metal complexes of group 12 with 1,1′-bis(phosphanyl)ferrocene ligands." Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry 77, no. 5 (April 26, 2021): 240–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053229621004162.

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The syntheses of four new cadmium and zinc complexes with 1,1′-bis(phosphanyl)ferrocene ligands and their phosphine chalcogenide derivatives are reported. The complexes were characterized by elemental analyses and IR, 1H NMR, 31P NMR and electronic absorption spectroscopy. The crystal structures of dichlorido[1-diphenylphosphinoyl-1′-(di-tert-butylphosphanyl)ferrocene-κ2 O,P]cadmium(II), [CdCl2{(C17H14OP)(C13H22P)Fe}] or CdCl2(κ2 P,O-dppOdtbpf) (1), bis[μ-(tert-butyl)(1′-diphenylphosphinoylferrocen-1-yl)phosphinato-κ3 O,O′:O′′]bis[chloridozinc(II)], [Zn2{(C9H13O2P)(C17H14OP)Fe}2Cl2] or [ZnOCl{κ2 O,O′-Ph2POFcPO2(t-Bu)}]2 (2), 1,1′-bis(di-tert-butylthiophosphinoyl)ferrocene, [Fe(C13H22PS)2] or dtbpfS2 (3), and [1,1′-bis(dicyclohexylphosphanyl)ferrocene-κ2 P,P′][chlorido/cyanido(0.25/1.75)]zinc(II), [Zn(CN)1.75Cl0.25{(C17H26P)2Fe}] or Zn(CN)2(κ2-dcpf) (4), were determined crystallographically. Compound 1 has tetrahedral geometry in which the CdII centre is coordinated by one dppOdtbpf ligand in a κ2-manner and by two Cl atoms, while compound 2 displays a centrosymmetric dimeric unit in which two oxide atoms bridge the two Zn atoms to generate an eight-membered ring. Compound 3 revealed a sandwich structure with both phosphane groups sulfurized. In compound 4, the ZnII atom adopts a tetrahedral geometry by coordinating to the 1,1′-bis(dicyclohexylphosphanyl)ferrocene ligand in a κ2-manner and to two cyanide ligands.

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19

Swanson, Kevin D., Benjamin R. Duffus, Trevor E. Beard, John W. Peters, and Joan B. Broderick. "Cyanide and Carbon Monoxide Ligand Formation in Hydrogenase Biosynthesis." European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry 2011, no. 7 (January 20, 2011): 935–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejic.201001056.

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Swanson, Kevin D., Benjamin R. Duffus, Trevor E. Beard, John W. Peters, and Joan B. Broderick. "Cyanide and Carbon Monoxide Ligand Formation in Hydrogenase Biosynthesis." European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry 2011, no. 7 (February 23, 2011): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejic.201190020.

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21

Li, Jianfeng, Richard L Lord, Bruce C Noll, Mu-Hyun Baik, Charles E Schulz, and W. Robert Scheidt. "Cyanide: A Strong-Field Ligand for Ferrohemes and Hemoproteins?" Angewandte Chemie 120, no. 52 (December 15, 2008): 10298–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.200804116.

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22

Li, Jianfeng, Richard L Lord, Bruce C Noll, Mu-Hyun Baik, Charles E Schulz, and W. Robert Scheidt. "Cyanide: A Strong-Field Ligand for Ferrohemes and Hemoproteins?" Angewandte Chemie International Edition 47, no. 52 (December 15, 2008): 10144–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.200804116.

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23

Hoidn, Christian M., Thomas M. Maier, Karolina Trabitsch, Jan J. Weigand, and Robert Wolf. "[3+2] Fragmentation of a Pentaphosphido Ligand by Cyanide." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 58, no. 52 (December 19, 2019): 18931–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201908744.

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24

Richards, A. J. M., D. J. Lowe, R. L. Richards, A. J. Thomson, and B. E. Smith. "Electron-paramagnetic-resonance and magnetic-circular-dichroism studies of the binding of cyanide and thiols to the iron-molybdenum cofactor from Klebsiella pneumoniae nitrogenase." Biochemical Journal 297, no. 2 (January 15, 1994): 373–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2970373.

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FeMoco, a low-M(r) metal cluster of probable composition Fe7MoS9 complexed with homocitrate, has been extracted with N-methylformamide from the MoFe protein of the nitrogenase enzyme from Klebsiella pneumoniae. The binding of cyanide and thiols to the FeMoco cluster in its paramagnetic S = 3/2 oxidation level has been studied by low-temperature e.p.r. and magnetic-circular-dichroism (m.c.d.) spectroscopies. Cyanide binds to isolated FeMoco at more than one site, and causes changes in the g values form g = 4.6, 3.2, 2.0 to g = 4.29, 3.82, 2.02 E.p.r. competition studies indicate that one cyanide can be displaced by thiolate from one type of site. The form of the low-temperature m.c.d. spectrum is little changed by ligand binding, thus the basic cluster structure remains intact. However, when benzenethiol is bound, a new intense band (lambda 387 nm) is observed, indicating the generation of an increased ligand-to-cluster charge-transfer interaction.

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25

Ghosh, Pokhraj, Manuel Quiroz, Randara Pulukkody, Nattamai Bhuvanesh, and Marcetta Y. Darensbourg. "Bridging cyanides from cyanoiron metalloligands to redox-active dinitrosyl iron units." Dalton Transactions 47, no. 34 (2018): 11812–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8dt01761a.

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26

Gabr, Moustafa T., and F. Christopher Pigge. "A fluorescent turn-on probe for cyanide anion detection based on an AIE active cobalt(ii) complex." Dalton Transactions 47, no. 6 (2018): 2079–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7dt04242f.

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27

Liberka, Michal, Jedrzej Kobylarczyk, and Robert Podgajny. "Structural Disorder in High-Spin {CoII9WV6} (Core)-[Pyridine N-Oxides] (Shell) Architectures." Molecules 25, no. 2 (January 8, 2020): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25020251.

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The combinations of Co(II), octacyanidotungstate(V), and monodentate pyridine N-oxide (pyNO) or 4-phenylpyridine N-oxide (4-phpyNO) led to crystallization of novel crystalline phases {CoII[CoII8(pyNO)12(MeOH)12][WV(CN)8]6} (1) and {CoII[CoII8(4-phpyNO)7(MeOH)17][WV(CN)8]6}·7MeOH·(4-phpyNO)3 (2). In both architectures, metal–cyanide clusters are coordinated by N-oxide ligands in a simple monodentate manner to give the spherical objects of over 1 nm core diameter and about 2.2 nm (1) and 3 nm (2) of the total diameter, terminated with the aromatic rings. The supramolecular architecture is dominated by dense and rich π–π interaction systems. Both structures are characterized by a significant structural disorder in ligand shell, described with the suitable probability models. For 1, the π–π interactions between the pyNO ligands attached to the same metal centers are suggested for the first time. In 2, 4-phpyNO acts as monodentate ligand and as the crystallization molecule. Magnetic studies indicate the high-spin ground state due to the ferromagnetic interactions Co(II)–W(V) through the cyanido bridges. Due to the high symmetry of the clusters, no signature of slow magnetic relaxation was observed. The characterization is completed by solid-state IR and UV–Vis–NIR spectroscopy. The conditions for the stable M9M’6-based crystals formation are synthetically discussed in terms of the type of capping ligands: monodentate, bridging, and chelating. The potential of the related polynuclear forms toward the magnetism-based functional properties is critically indicated.

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28

ANTONINI, Giovanni, Andrea BELLELLI, Maurizio BRUNORI, and Giancarlo FALCIONI. "Kinetic and spectroscopic properties of the cyanide complexes of ferrous haemoglobins I and IV from trout blood." Biochemical Journal 314, no. 2 (March 1, 1996): 533–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3140533.

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The cyanide ion is a ligand of ferrous as well as ferric haemoproteins and this study presents a kinetic characterization of the dissociation of its complexes with the two main haemoglobin components from trout blood. Both these haemoglobins bind oxygen co-operatively at neutral or alkaline pH values but one of them is insensitive to pH and allosteric effectors (haemoglobin I, HbI) while the other (haemoglobin IV, HbIV) is strongly sensitive and shows the so-called Root effect (i.e. the incomplete oxygen saturation in air-equilibrated solutions at pH values of < 6.5). Comparison of the kinetics of dissociation of cyanide from ferrous forms of HbI and HbIV reveals that: (i) cyanide dissociates in both cases by a complex reaction, and, at least in the case of HbIV, this may be attributed to functional differences between the α and β subunits; (ii) the reaction is only scarcely co-operative in HbI and not at all so in HbIV; and (iii) the Bohr and Root effects are not manifested in this reaction. The functional heterogeneity of ferrous α and β chains of trout HbI has not been observed for any other ligand; moreover, the observation that co-operativity for cyanide dissociation is expressed by human haemoglobin but not by trout HbIV is surprising.

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29

Li, Meng-Hua, Ming-Hua You, and Mei-Jin Lin. "Photochromism and photomagnetism in three cyano-bridged 3d–4f heterobimetallic viologen frameworks." Dalton Transactions 50, no. 14 (2021): 4959–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0dt04358c.

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Three 3-D isostructural cyanide-bridged 3d–4f heterobimetallic complexes with enhanced photochromism and photomagnetism at RT have been achieved by the introduction of a photoactive viologen functionalized ligand.

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30

Mitsumoto, Kiyotaka, Hiroyuki Nishikawa, and Hiroki Oshio. "Cyanide bridged tetranuclear complex with a novel terthiophene based ligand." Polyhedron 30, no. 18 (November 2011): 3245–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.poly.2011.04.035.

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31

Fox, Alexander R., and Christopher C. Cummins. "A highly reduced cyanogen ligand derived from cyanide reductive coupling." Chemical Communications 48, no. 25 (2012): 3061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2cc17212g.

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32

Reedijk, J., and W. L. Groeneveld. "Complexes with ligands containing nitrile groups: Part VII. Metal-ligand vibrations in methyl cyanide solvates." Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas 87, no. 9 (September 2, 2010): 1079–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/recl.19680870917.

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33

Wade, Casey R., and François P. Gabbaï. "Cyanide and Azide Anion Complexation by a Bidentate Stibonium-Borane Lewis Acid." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 69, no. 11-12 (December 1, 2014): 1199–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.5560/znb.2014-4168.

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Abstract Our ongoing interest in the chemistry of polyfunctional Lewis acids has led us to investigate the reaction of the stibonium-borane [o-(Ph2MeSb)(Mes2B)C6H4]+ (1+) with cyanide and azide, two toxic anions. Both anions react with 1+ to afford the corresponding neutral complexes 1-CN and 1-N3. Structural and computational studies show that the coordinated anion interacts with both the boron and antimony atoms of the bidentate Lewis acid. While the azide complex features a typical κ2N1 : N1 bridging azide ligand, the cyanide complex possesses a cyanoborate moiety whose cyanide interacts side-on with the stibonium center. The Lewis acid-anion interactions observed in these complexes have also been studied computationally using the Natural Bond Orbital method

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34

White, Frankie, and Richard E. Sykora. "Crystal structure ofcatena-poly[[aqua(2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine-κ3N,N′,N′′)cobalt(II)]-μ-cyanido-κ2N:C-[dicyanidoplatinum(II)]-μ-cyanido-κ2C:N]." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 70, no. 9 (August 6, 2014): m322—m323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536814017425.

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The title compound, [Co(C15H11N3)(H2O){Pt(CN)4}]n, is a one-dimensional coordination polymer formed under hydrothermal reaction conditions. The CoIIsite has sixfold coordination with a distorted octahedral geometry, while the PtIIion is coordinated by four cyanide groups in an almost regular square-planar geometry. The compound contains twofold rotation symmetry about its CoIIion, the water molecule and the terpyridine ligand, and the PtIIatom resides on an inversion center.trans-Bridging by the tetracyanidoplatinate(II) anions links the CoIIcations, forming chains parallel to [-101]. Additionally, each CoIIatom is coordinated by one water molecule and one tridentate 2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine ligand. O—H...N hydrogen-bonding interactions are found between adjacent chains and help to consolidate the crystal packing. In addition, relatively weak π–π stacking interactions exist between the terpyridine ligands of adjacent chains [interplanar distance = 3.464 (7) Å]. No Pt...Pt interactions are observed in the structure.

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35

Jess, Inke, and Christian Näther. "Tetra-μ2-cyano-κ8 C:N-μ2-2,6-dimethylpyrazine-κ2 N:N′-hexakis(2,6-dimethylpyrazine-κN)octa-μ2-thiocyanato-κ16 N:S-decacopper(I,II)." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 62, no. 4 (March 10, 2006): m721—m723. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536806005770.

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The asymmetric unit of the title compound [Cu8 ICu2 II(CN)4(NCS)8(C6H8N2)7], consists of six crystallographically independent Cu atoms, four thiocyanate anions and two cyanide anions, as well as four 2,6-dimethylpyrazine ligands. Two of the six Cu atoms and one of the four 2,6-dimethylpyrazine ligands are located on centres of inversion. The ligand on a special position is therefore disordered due to symmetry. Altogether there are two copper(II) and eight copper(I) cations in the formula unit. The copper(II) cations are each coordinated by four N atoms within a slightly distorted square-planar coordination. The copper(I) cations, on the other hand, are coordinated by four ligands or anions within distorted tetrahedra. From this arrangement, a three-dimensional coordination network is formed.

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36

Díaz, C., and A. Arancibia. "The cyanide ligand as an efficient bridge in mixed-valence complexes." Inorganica Chimica Acta 269, no. 2 (March 1998): 246–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0020-1693(97)05808-8.

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37

Martinez, Jorge L., Hsiu-Jung Lin, Wei-Tsung Lee, Maren Pink, Chun-Hsing Chen, Xinfeng Gao, Diane A. Dickie, and Jeremy M. Smith. "Cyanide Ligand Assembly by Carbon Atom Transfer to an Iron Nitride." Journal of the American Chemical Society 139, no. 40 (September 26, 2017): 14037–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.7b08704.

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38

Gee, Hyuk-Chan, Chi-Hwa Lee, Young-Hwan Jeong, and Woo-Dong Jang. "Highly sensitive and selective cyanide detection via Cu2+ complex ligand exchange." Chemical Communications 47, no. 43 (2011): 11963. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c1cc14963f.

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39

Pasgreta, Ewa, Ralph Puchta, Achim Zahl, and Rudi van Eldik. "Ligand-Exchange Processes on Solvated Lithium Cations: Acetonitrile and Hydrogen Cyanide." European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry 2007, no. 13 (May 2007): 1815–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejic.200600930.

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40

Hummel, Patrick, Jonas Oxgaard, William A. Goddard, and Harry B. Gray. "Ligand field strengths of carbon monoxide and cyanide in octahedral coordination." Journal of Coordination Chemistry 58, no. 1 (January 10, 2005): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00958970512331327401.

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41

Swanson, Kevin D., Benjamin R. Duffus, Trevor E. Beard, John W. Peters, and Joan B. Broderick. "ChemInform Abstract: Cyanide and Carbon Monoxide Ligand Formation in Hydrogenase Biosynthesis." ChemInform 42, no. 24 (May 19, 2011): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201124249.

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42

Jacob, Volker, Gottfried Huttner, Elisabeth Kaifer, and Peter Kircher. "Koordination Des Anions Von 2,4-Dicyanoglutaconsäurediethylester An Tripodeisen(Ii)-Einheiten. Die Entstehung Helikaler Strukturen." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 56, no. 8 (August 1, 2001): 735–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2001-0806.

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The anion of 2,4-dicyano glutaconic acid diethyl ester, [NCC(COOEt)CHC(COOEt)CN]- (1- ), as an α,μ;-dinitrile with a three atom spacer is a highly variable ligand capable of binding in a monodentate η1-fashion, in a bidentate chelate fashion, and as a μ2-bridging entity. TripodFe(1)2, 2, [tripod = CH3C(CH2PPh2)3] contains one chelating ligand 1- and one terminally coordinated ligand 1-- . Variable temperature NMR spectroscopy shows, that, while the structure is static at 193 K, dynamic exchange of the donor functions of chelating and terminally bonded ligands occurs at higher temperature. TripodFe(1)2, 2, is obtained from a 1:1:2 mixture of tripod, Fe(II)aq (BF4)2, and Na1-2H2O . With a stoichiometry 1:1:1 of these ingredients and an additional naif equivalent of sodium cyanide, the dinuclear compound [tripodFe{μ-NCC(COOEt)CHC(COOEt)CN}2{μ-CN}Fetripod]BF4, 3 BF4, is obtained. The structure of 3+ shows a helical arrangement of the ligands 1- around the Fe···Fe axis which is a consequence of the incomensurability of the bridging ligands 1- and μ-CN. The two iron centers in 3BF4 differ by their coordination to the carbon or to the nitrogen terminus of the bridging cyano group. This difference is reflected by the NMR spectra, Mössbauer spectra and cyclovoltammograms

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43

Lu, Xiaoqing, Shuxian Wei, Chi-Man Lawrence Wu, Ning Ding, Shaoren Li, Lianming Zhao, and Wenyue Guo. "Theoretical Insight into the Spectral Characteristics of Fe(II)-Based Complexes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells—Part I: Polypyridyl Ancillary Ligands." International Journal of Photoenergy 2011 (2011): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/316952.

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The design of light-absorbent dyes with cheaper, safer, and more sustainable materials is one of the key issues for the future development of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). We report herein a theoretical investigation on a series of polypyridyl Fe(II)-based complexes of FeL2(SCN)2, [FeL3]2+, [FeL′(SCN)3]-, [FeL′2]2+, and FeL′′(SCN)2(L = 2,2′-bipyridyl-4,4′-dicarboxylic acid, L′ = 2,2′,2″-terpyridyl-4,4′,4″-tricarboxylic acid, L″= 4,4‴-dimethyl-2,2′ : 6′,2″ :6″,2‴-quaterpyridyl-4′,4″-biscarboxylic acid) by density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT). Molecular geometries, electronic structures, and optical absorption spectra are predicted in both the gas phase and methyl cyanide (MeCN) solution. Our results show that polypyridyl Fe(II)-based complexes display multitransition characters of Fe → polypyridine metal-to-ligand charge transfer and ligand-to-ligand charge transfer in the range of 350–800 nm. Structural optimizations by choosing different polypyridyl ancillary ligands lead to alterations of the molecular orbital energies, oscillator strength, and spectral response range. Compared with Ru(II) sensitizers, Fe(II)-based complexes show similar characteristics and improving trend of optical absorption spectra along with the introduction of different polypyridyl ancillary ligands.

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44

Hawes, Chris S., and Paul E. Kruger. "Discrete and Polymeric Cu(II) Coordination Complexes with a Flexible bis-(pyridylpyrazole) Ligand: Structural Diversity and Unexpected Solvothermal Reactivity." Australian Journal of Chemistry 66, no. 4 (2013): 401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch12443.

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Reported here is the synthesis and structural characterisation of five copper complexes derived from the bis-bidentate ligand 4,4′-methylenebis(1-(2-pyridyl)-3,5-dimethylpyrazole), L. Complex 1, [Cu2L(CH3COO)4(OH2)2]·6H2O, is a single stranded unsaturated helical species that forms a highly connected three-dimensional hydrogen-bonding network, whereas [Cu2L(NO3)4], 2, is a coordination polymer derived from [Cu2L] fragments linked together via bridging nitrate anions to yield undulating two-dimensional sheets with (6,3)-topology. Complexes 3, 4, and 5 co-crystallise within a single batch when L is reacted under solvothermal conditions with Cu(NO3)2·2.5H2O in acetonitrile, and each contains a co-ligand formed by either decomposition of the solvent or ligand. Complex 3, [Cu4(NO3)4(µ-CH3COO)2(µ-OH)2L2], forms an unusual discrete cyclic tetrameric species containing acetate co-ligands derived through acetonitrile hydrolysis; whereas complex 4, [CuL(C2O4)(NO3)], forms a one-dimensional coordination polymer containing bridging oxalate co-ligands, formed through hydrolysis and oxidation of acetonitrile. Complex 5, [Cu2L(µ-CN)2], is a two-dimensional coordination polymer with (6,3) topology where bridging between Cu(i) centres is furnished by cyanide co-ligands, suggesting a ligand decomposition pathway for its origin, and produced with concomitant reduction of the Cu(ii) starting reagent. Having initially obtained 3, 4, and 5 serendipitously each were then prepared as pure phases by careful adjustment and control of the reaction conditions (reactant stoichiometry, concentrations, and solvothermal temperature), details of which are discussed.

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45

Bertini, Ivano, Claudio Luchinat, Roberta Pierattelli, and Alejandro J. Vila. "A multinuclear ligand NMR investigation of cyanide, cyanate, and thiocyanate binding to zinc and cobalt carbonic anhydrase." Inorganic Chemistry 31, no. 19 (September 1992): 3975–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic00045a022.

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46

Bisson, Melanie M. A., and Georg Groth. "Cyanide is an adequate agonist of the plant hormone ethylene for studying signalling of sensor kinase ETR1 at the molecular level." Biochemical Journal 444, no. 2 (May 11, 2012): 261–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20111447.

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The plant hormone ethylene is involved in many developmental processes and responses to environmental stresses in plants. Although the elements of the signalling cascade and the receptors operating the ethylene pathway have been identified, a detailed understanding of the molecular processes related to signal perception and transfer is still lacking. Analysis of these processes using purified proteins in physical, structural and functional studies is complicated by the gaseous character of the plant hormone. In the present study, we show that cyanide, a π-acceptor compound and structural analogue of ethylene, is a suitable substitute for the plant hormone for in vitro studies with purified proteins. Recombinant ethylene receptor protein ETR1 (ethylene-resistant 1) showed high level and selective binding of [14C]cyanide in the presence of copper, a known cofactor in ethylene binding. Replacement of Cys65 in the ethylene-binding domain by serine dramatically reduced binding of radiolabelled cyanide. In contrast with wild-type ETR1, autokinase activity of the receptor is not reduced in the ETR1-C65S mutant upon addition of cyanide. Additionally, protein–protein interaction with the ethylene signalling protein EIN2 (ethylene-insensitive 2) is considerably sustained by cyanide in wild-type ETR1, but is not affected in the mutant. Further evidence for the structural and functional equivalence of ethylene and cyanide is given by the fact that the ethylene-responsive antagonist silver, which is known to allow ligand binding but prevent intrinsic signal transduction, also allows specific binding of cyanide, but shows no effect on autokinase activity and ETR1–EIN2 interaction.

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47

Hartshorn, Chris M., and Peter J. Steel. "Serendipitous Isolation of a Trinuclear Silver Complex Containing a Bridging Tridentate Cyanide." Australian Journal of Chemistry 50, no. 12 (1997): 1195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/c97121.

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The X-ray structure of a single crystal of a complex of formula C34H33Ag3N15O6 is described (P 21/c, Z4, a 10·943(1), b 33·873(5), c 10·416(2) Å, β 102·54(1)°, R 0·0363). The asymmetric unit of this compound contains three silver atoms, two nitrate anions, a bridging tridentate cyanide ion, and one and a half molecules of the bridging tetrapodal ligand 1,2,4,5-tetrakis(pyrazol-1-ylmethyl)benzene. By virtue of the bridging nature of the ligand, these units further assemble into large macrocyclic rings, with a maximum dimension of >24 Å. These rings then interlock to produce an intriguing two-dimensional metallopolymeric network.

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48

Ma, Feng, Su-Mei Gao, Meng-Meng Wu, Jiong-Peng Zhao, Fu-Chen Liu, and Nai-Xuan Li. "An unprecedented 2D copper(i)–cyanide complex with 20-membered metal rings: the effect of the co-ligand 4,5-diazafluoren-9-one." Dalton Transactions 45, no. 7 (2016): 2796–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5dt04771d.

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The effects of L ligands were illustrated in constructing a copper(i)–cyanide complex with 20 membered metal rings, in which the L ligands act as corner and bridge ligands simultaneously forming a 2D layer with a Cu₂₀(CN)₁₈L₂ macrocycle.

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49

Bürstel, Ingmar, Elisabeth Siebert, Stefan Frielingsdorf, Ingo Zebger, Bärbel Friedrich, and Oliver Lenz. "CO synthesized from the central one-carbon pool as source for the iron carbonyl in O2-tolerant [NiFe]-hydrogenase." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 51 (December 5, 2016): 14722–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1614656113.

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Hydrogenases are nature’s key catalysts involved in both microbial consumption and production of molecular hydrogen. H2exhibits a strongly bonded, almost inert electron pair and requires transition metals for activation. Consequently, all hydrogenases are metalloenzymes that contain at least one iron atom in the catalytic center. For appropriate interaction with H2, the iron moiety demands for a sophisticated coordination environment that cannot be provided just by standard amino acids. This dilemma has been overcome by the introduction of unprecedented chemistry—that is, by ligating the iron with carbon monoxide (CO) and cyanide (or equivalent) groups. These ligands are both unprecedented in microbial metabolism and, in their free form, highly toxic to living organisms. Therefore, the formation of the diatomic ligands relies on dedicated biosynthesis pathways. So far, biosynthesis of the CO ligand in [NiFe]-hydrogenases was unknown. Here we show that the aerobic H2oxidizerRalstonia eutropha, which produces active [NiFe]-hydrogenases in the presence of O2, employs the auxiliary protein HypX (hydrogenase pleiotropic maturation X) for CO ligand formation. Using genetic engineering and isotope labeling experiments in combination with infrared spectroscopic investigations, we demonstrate that the α-carbon of glycine ends up in the CO ligand of [NiFe]-hydrogenase. The α-carbon of glycine is a building block of the central one-carbon metabolism intermediate,N10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate (N10-CHO-THF). Evidence is presented that the multidomain protein, HypX, converts the formyl group ofN10-CHO-THF into water and CO, thereby providing the carbonyl ligand for hydrogenase. This study contributes insights into microbial biosynthesis of metal carbonyls involving toxic intermediates.

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50

Yoshikawa, S., D. H. O'Keeffe, and W. S. Caughey. "Investigations of cyanide as an infrared probe of hemeprotein ligand binding sites." Journal of Biological Chemistry 260, no. 6 (March 1985): 3518–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(19)83653-0.

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