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Academic literature on the topic 'Cyanobactéries – Québec (Province) – Saint-Charles, Lac (Québec)'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cyanobactéries – Québec (Province) – Saint-Charles, Lac (Québec)"
Rolland, Delphine. "La prolifération de cyanobactéries en réservoir tempéré nordique (le Lac Saint-Charles, Québec, Canada): variabilité et facteurs de contrôle." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30002/30002.pdf.
Full textThe occurrence of harmful blooms of cyanobacteria in freshwater ecosystems is subject to growing public as well as scientific concern. An improved understanding of the factors controlling the proliferation of bloom-forming taxa is an essential requirement for the adequate prediction and management of this water quality problem. The overall objective of this thesis was to understand the cyanobacterial community dynamics of a north-temperate reservoir. The Lake St. Charles reservoir is a major source of drinking water for Quebec City, Canada, and cyanobacterial blooms have appeared episodically in the lake since autumn 2006. Physical, chemical and biological variables were measured over 5 consecutive summers (2007-2011). This confirmed the mesotrophic status of the lake, and underscored the large interannual variation in limnological conditions that provided intermittently favorable conditions for cyanobacterial growth and dominance. There were pronounced variations in cyanobacterial community biomass and structure among the 5 years, including in the dominant species (Microcystis aeruginosa, Anabaena flos-aquae and Aphanocapsa/ Aphanothece sp.). In addition, large differences in community biomass and composition were observed spatially, with significantly higher cyanobacterial concentrations in the north relative to south. These results indicated that there were contrasting environmental controls (phosphorus, temperature, stability of the stratification) acting on the different taxa of cyanobacteria. This large spatial and temporal variability also reflects the dynamic nature of high through-flow reservoirs such as Lake St. Charles. In situ sediment mapping implied that benthic resting cells, if present, were mostly below detection at all sites. This low potential to inoculate the water column from sediments contrasts with many lakes affected by cyanobacteria blooms and indicates the potential for a rapid response to nutrient loading control in the Lake St. Charles watershed. This research has highlighted the markedly dynamic nature of freshwater reservoirs, their potential sensitivity to eutrophication despite a short hydraulic residence time, and the need for continuous monitoring in order to detect the appearance of bloom-forming cyanobacteria.
Bourget, Sébastien. "Limnologie et charge en phosphore d'un réservoir d'eau potable sujet à des fleurs d'eau de cyanobactéries : le lac St-Charles, Québec." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28078/28078.pdf.
Full textBouchard, Valentine Martin. "Floraisons de cyanobactéries au lac Saint-Augustin : dynamique à court terme et stratification." Thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2004/21970/21970.pdf.
Full textTraditionally lake studies use data obtained biweekly or monthly assuming a certain homogeneity of parameters in time. However several studies have showed that at daily scale major changes can occur. One of the main goal of this thesis was to evaluate short-term dynamics in a small lake with a high sampling frequency (twice a week) in combination with continuous data. Saint-Augustin lake, a eutrophic lake of 0,5 km2 and 3 m mean depth, has been chosen. Results show that the weather conditions 24h to 48h prior to the sampling date had great impact on the water column thermal stability that in turn affects several limnological parameters. A second aspect of the thesis was to understand the causes underlying the cyanobacterial blooms that occurred in summer 2002. Cyanobacterial blooms are one of the most striking symptoms of eutrophied lakes. Results show that weather conditions alter very quickly (24h) the thermal stability of the water column. It appears that mixing conditions immediately followed by thermal stratification are likely to be responsible for the summer 2002 blooms, and the absence of this chain of events in summer 2003 is linked with the absence of cyanobacterial bloom that year. This study stresses the importance in choosing the correct sampling strategies in order to take into account the short term dynamics and thus getting a better picture of the lake. It also shows that with global warming and enhancement of period of thermal stratification that is likely to follow, cyanobacterial blooms should be more frequent. This is particularly true for eutrophic lakes already sensitive to blooms. To limit the impact of global warming on lakes, a better control of eutrophication is needed.
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Soumis-Dugas, Gabriel. "Évaluation écotoxicologique d'une méthode de restauration de lacs eutrophes." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28778/28778.pdf.
Full textEutrophication and contaminated sediments (e.g.: nutrients, metals, etc.) are preoccupying issues in aquatic ecosystems and water resource protection. Saint-Augustin Lake (Quebec, Canada) is affected by both problems in addition to the presence of de-icing salts. This small shallow lake has low renewal time and receives an intensive phosphorus transfer from bottom sediments to the water column. Since 2001, the lake presents cyanobacteria blooms every summer (P > 70 μg/L). Galvez and collaborators has proposed a remediation method for this lake that consists of (i) the precipitation of phosphorus present in the water column by the addition of alum, in association with the deposition of (ii) an active capping layer (limestone + sand) to isolated P, Al and other contaminants (e.g., metals) within bottom sediments and allow recolonisation by benthos. The objective of this study is to assess the ecotoxicological impact of that remediation method. Two ecotoxicological approaches are used to assess the impact of this method: (I) single-species bioassays (algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and duckweed Lemna minor growth; daphnid Daphnia magna and amphipod Hyalella azteca survival and reproduction, invertebrate Chironomes riparius survival, growth and emergence, fathead minnow P. promelas and rainbow trouts O. mykiss survival) and (II) a 2-L microcosm as adapted by Triffault-Bouchet. Alum toxicity and limestone impact were studied separately in laboratory: first with artificial water and sediments and then using actual lake overlying water and sediments. The results show that algae and daphnids are sensitive to alum treatment. No significant effects were observed on the other organisms. These organisms had the ability to recolonize the treated media either with alum treatment or with complete treatment. These results suggest that the restoration method is promising. The environmental compatibility of the technique, would be demonstrated after testing in situ with a close monitoring of phytoplankton and zooplankton in the lake. However, the results of this study showed that the treatments dephosphatation efficacity was not enought to reach the MDDEP quality criteria (20 µg/L). Also, the concentration of residual aluminum after treatments was still over the MDDEP quality criteria after treatments. Keywords : Eutrophication, contaminated sédiments, lake restauration, aluminum, active capping, écotoxicological évaluation, monospécific bioessais, microcosms.
Deshpande, Bethany. "Variations paléolimnologiques des pigments fossiles dans les lacs du sud du Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/23949.
Full textQuebec lakes have been subjected to substantial anthropogenic influence since the establishment of European colonies four hundred years ago. Anthropogenic inputs from land clearing, agriculture and urbanization have resulted in variable impacts on the limnology of lakes across the province. Rising temperatures and longer ice-free periods as a result of changing climate over the past century may have resulted in additional impacts on the limnology of these lakes. Reports of eutrophication in the province of Quebec are increasing, but long-term limnological data are not available. The present study adopted a paleolimnological approach to provide an improved understanding of long term change in the lakes of southern Québec. Specifically, the project employed pigment biomarkers from lake sediments to examine the historical variations in phytoplankton communities. The photosynthetic pigments identified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were chlorophyll a (and its derivatives) and the algal carotenoids β, β-carotene, alloxanthin, crocoxanthin, diadinoxanthin, fucoxanthin, lutein, vaucheriaxanthin, echinenone, zeaxanthin and canthaxanthin. Sediment age was determined by 210Pb and 14C, and organic matter concentration was determined by loss-on-ignition. The detailed HPLC analysis of a sediment core from Lac Saint-Augustin revealed three major periods of enrichment corresponding to increases of anthropogenic activity in the lake. Chlorophyll a concentrations increased significantly from the base of the core to present day, rising from 2.35 mg g-1 OM-1 in 1682 to 55.4 mg g-1 OM-1 in 2011. Specific fossil pigment biomarkers were used to describe the history of phytoplankton biomass in the lake, and indicated the first occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms in the 1860s. A study of ten Quebec lakes addressed the variability in magnitude of eutrophication in this region, and the synchronicity in timing and responses to enrichment among lakes. The results showed cyanobacterial and associated phytoplankton populations have risen to unprecedented levels over the last few decades of ongoing development. Relative to pre-European settlement conditions, there was an overall increase in pigments and cyanobacterial dominance, highlighting the overall impact of anthropogenic development on the freshwater resources of this region.
Fournier, Isabelle. "Salinisation des écosystèmes lacustres par les sels de voirie : perturbations chimiques et réponses des communautés microbiennes." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/68630.
Full textSalou, Boris Idriss Gervais. "Estimation des apports au lac Saint-Charles à l'aide du modèle hydrologique SWAT." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/25970/25970.pdf.
Full textBergeron, Laure-Éloïse. "Étude de la contribution des installations septiques riveraines au phénomène d'enrichissement en nutriments du lac Saint-Charles, principale source d'eau potable de la ville de Québec, Canada." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26253.
Full textThe changes of Lac Saint-Charles toward eutrophication have been demonstrated. Septic systems are suspected to contribute to its enrichment in nutrients. Literature reveals that aged septic systems can lead to groundwater contamination, including release of phosphorus which is responsible for lacustrine eutrophication. This study presents a conceptual model of contamination from septic systems as described in the literature and a general description of the hydrogeology of lac Saint-Charles’ watershed. Column tests were carried out on three sediment samples from the study area. Results suggest an eventual exhaustion of retention sites and the release of important concentrations of phosphorus following the introduction of pure water. Presence of an oxidizing zone will increase the retention and diminish the reversibility of the phosphorus attenuation mechanism. Aged septic systems most probably contribute to lac Saint-Charles eutrophication, more importantly when their use or design do not favour effluent oxidation.