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Journal articles on the topic 'Cyber security Policy'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Desiana, Rizki, and Sri Cempaka Prima. "Cyber security policy in Indonesian shipping safety." Journal of Maritime Studies and National Integration 5, no. 2 (2022): 109–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jmsni.v5i2.13673.

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Technological sophistication does not escape cyber threats. The higher the complexity of technology, the more vulnerability to cyber attacks continues to increase. In Indonesia, there are only a few Maritime Cyber Security policies and social security socialisation within government institutions. It needs to become a priority for the government, given the increasing sophistication of technology every year and the growing vulnerability of cyber threats. This study used a qualitative method with a Grounded Theory design, and data collection techniques were literature study and interviews. Cyber

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Farid, Miftah, and Ajeng Ayu Adhisty. "STATE ACTION AS AN INDIVIDUAL SECURITY THREAT IN CASE OF CYBERCRIME SECURITIZATION." Jurnal Pertahanan 5, no. 3 (2019): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.33172/jp.v5i3.589.

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<p>In the current security concept, there are some changes to the current security object. This is due to the increasingly broad understanding of security objects. This study examines the emergence of cyber issues as a new threat to state security. Cyber actions in the virtual world are developing along with the rapid technology development. Moreover, the state policy on cyber issues is considered as a new threat to individual security. The development of that state security issue is being debated among the theoreticians of international security studies. The concept of securitization ex

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Muzhanova, Tetiana, Svitlana Lehominova, Yurii Shchavinsky, Yuriy Yakymenko, and Halyna Nesterenko. "MAIN APPROACHES AND DIRECTIONS OF DEVELOPMENT OF EUROPEAN UNION CYBER SECURITY POLICY." Cybersecurity: Education, Science, Technique 4, no. 24 (2024): 133–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2663-4023.2024.24.133149.

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The implementation of digital technologies into all spheres of society's life, along with many advantages, has caused the emergence of new security challenges, the response to which requires flexible, innovative and complex approaches, a quick and coordinated reaction, and the consolidation of efforts of many stakeholders. In recent years, significant results in the development and realization of cybersecurity policy have been achieved by the European Union, which, thanks to the combination of institutional capabilities at the community level, efforts of member states, cooperation with busines

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Osho, Oluwafemi, and Agada D. Onoja. "National Cyber Security Policy and Strategy of Nigeria: A Qualitative Analysis." International Journal of Cyber Criminology 9, no. 1 (2015): 120–43. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22390.

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Abstract With advancements in modernization came the infiltration of information and communication technologies across the world, Nigeria inclusive. Several benefits are obtainable from these but also prevalent are some associated risks. Communication exists massively in cyberspace and as such poses a myriad of threats to a nation. This can be addressed on a national spectrum by the implementation of cyber security policies and strategies. This research involves making a qualitative analysis of the current Nigerian National Cyber Security Policy and Strategy. The documents were analyzed in the

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Górka, Marek. "Conceptualising securitisation in the field of cyber security policy." Journal of Modern Science 53, no. 4 (2023): 263–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.13166/jms/176103.

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ObjectivesThis article will attempt to analyse securitisation theory to explore the discursive features of cyber security, using a multi-actor approach that considers the role of state and non-state actors in the creation and management of cyber security discourses.Material and methodsThe paper aims to assess the contribution of securitization theory to the understanding of both traditional and contemporary security policy issues. More specifically, it is an attempt to reflect on the identification of the challenges facing the modern state.ResultsGrowing dependence on digital technology is ine

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Tanwar, Prof Rakesh. "Cyber Security Challenges." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 13, no. 1 (2025): 564–66. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.66263.

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In an increasingly digitized world, cybersecurity has emerged as a critical domain for ensuring the safety and integrity of information systems. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of cybersecurity, highlighting the evolving threat landscape, key challenges, and strategic defenses. Cyber threats have become more sophisticated and widespread, targeting both individuals and organizations. These threats include various forms of malware, phishing attacks, ransomware, and advanced persistent threats. As a result, the need for robust cybersecurity measures has never bee

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Muhammad Umar Farooq Baloch. "CYBER SECURITY GOVERNANCE; IMPLICATIONS FOR PAKISTAN’S NATIONAL SECURITY." MAIRAJ 3, no. 1 (2024): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.58760/mairaj.v3i1.38.

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Networks for information and communication technologies form the backbone of the global cyberspace. These networks operate across physical borders and hold vital data and information that is essential to the national security of any nation. In the modern digital sphere, these networks are frequently vulnerable to cyber threats and attacks. One of the most important security concerns in the modern world is cyber warfare, which is a term coined to describe this conundrum. In response, the nations are making significant investments to fortify the security of their cyber frontiers and to assemble

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Porter, Andrew L., and Annegret Bendiek. "European Cyber Security Policy within a Global Multistakeholder Structure." European Foreign Affairs Review 18, Issue 2 (2013): 155–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eerr2013011.

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This article outlines the challenges facing the promotion of safety on the Internet, traces the institutional structures for European cyber security policy, identifies the key principles of organization, and compares roughly these European developments to US cyber security strategy, policy, and organizations. European cyber security policy is formulated and implemented in a multi-level and multistakeholder structure. Not only is there a separation between domestic and foreign policy, but also politically relevant divisions of competences and responsibilities for legislative and executive power

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Singh, Arunabh. "Cyber Security Frameworks." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 1 (2022): 590–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.39843.

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Abstract: In this paper we attempt to explain and establish certain frameworks that can be assessed for implementing security systems against cyber-threats and cyber-criminals. We give a brief overview of electronic signature generation procedures which include its validation and efficiency for promoting cyber security for confidential documents and information stored in the cloud. We strictly avoid the mathematical modelling of the electronic signature generation process as it is beyond the scope of this paper, instead we take a theoretical approach to explain the procedures. We also model th

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Kim, Kyounggon. "Security and Privacy Liability Policy in the Arab World." Security Policy Paper 2, no. 1 (2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.26735/outi8333.

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Focusing on Cooperation, Capability, and Assessment (ACC) approach performed in top-down, bottom-up, short-term, and long-term (TBSL). Cooperation between countries is essential to proactively respond to various cyber threats such as cyber criminals and cyber terrorists and to show rapid recovery resilience. Develop a cybersecurity evaluation model and a gap analysis model and spread them to the remaining Arab countries.

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Buja, Alya Geogiana. "Cyber Security Featuresfor National E-Learning Policy." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 5 (2021): 1729–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i5.2169.

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This paper proposes cybersecurity features in the National e-Learning policy. Cybersecurity in the learning environment is becoming an issue that has been considered by the community. DePAN 1.0 and DePAN 2.0 policies have not been carefully planned in any related security concerns. Amongst security domains in e-learning are authentication and accountability, access control, and non-repudiation issues. However, as the functionality of e-learning is expanding, information must be actively protected in this bigger context to avoid the loss of its confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Ther

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Lilli, Eugenio. "President Obama and US cyber security policy." Journal of Cyber Policy 5, no. 2 (2020): 265–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23738871.2020.1778759.

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Staszczyk, Artur. "European Parliament Position on EU Cyber Security and Defense Policy." Reality of Politics 10, no. 1 (2019): 122–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/rop201908.

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Ensuring cyber security in scope of cyber defense is currently among the top priorities of the EU Common Security and Defense Policy (CSDP). Matters included in scope of cyber defense are a competence of the Member States and cooperation at EU level in this area is governed by decisions of the EU Council based on unanimity. This means that the European Parliament (EP) in the field of cyber defens acts only as an opinion-forming body expressing its position through the adoption of non-legislative resolutions. The aim of the article is to analyze the content of these resolutions and present the

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Nino Bendianishvili, Nino Bendianishvili. "The Role of Cyber Security in the Innovative Development of Digital Products and Services." Economics 106, no. 6-8 (2024): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/ecs106/6-8/2024-23.

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Given the modern challenges of the digital economy, it is important to analyze cyber security threats, which increasingly affect national security. Addressing cyber security concerns is different from the trends in the new generation of international trade agreements, which create broad security exceptions and are designed to restore balance between international trade and national security. However, these new approaches may not be immune to potential abuse. [1] The rapid development of digital technologies increases the risk of attacks, making organizations more susceptible to cyber threats.

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Cempaka Timur, Fauzia Gustarina. "The Rise of Cyber Diplomacy ASEAN’s Perspective in Cyber Security." KnE Social Sciences 2, no. 4 (2017): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/kss.v2i4.893.

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Recent decades have seenhow information technology have shaed global politics tothe extent that defense and security experts claim it to be the beginning of a new era in warfare. Many foreign countries have begun to include cyber threat as a defining factor in international security space, which also concludes the importance of cyber security in foreign policy. In the regional framework, ASEAN has promoted small but meaningful step to ensure cyber security. The paper focuses on the concept of cyber diplomacy in ASEAN and the development of cyber security in Southeast Asia to cope with the pres

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Rizal, Muhamad, and Yanyan Yani. "Cybersecurity Policy and Its Implementation in Indonesia." JAS (Journal of ASEAN Studies) 4, no. 1 (2016): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/jas.v4i1.967.

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The purpose of state defense is to protect and to save the integrity of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia, the sovereignty of the state, as well as its security from all kinds of threats, whether they are military or non-military ones. One of the non-military threats that potentially threatens the sovereignty and security of the nation-state is the misuse of technology and information in cyberspace. The threat of irresponsible cyber attacks can be initiated by both state and non-state actors. The actors may be an individual, a group of people, a faction, an organization, or even a

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D., D., Ravi Kiran Koppolu, D. Lokesh Sai Kumar, Tenali Nagamani, P. Muthukumar, and S. Lalitha. "An Empirical Investigation on the Origins and Effects of Cybersecurity Culture in It Organizations." Journal of Cybersecurity and Information Management 16, no. 1 (2025): 68–85. https://doi.org/10.54216/jcim.160106.

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This observe investigates the reasons and effects of cybersecurity way of life in IT agencies. Given the developing threats to cybersecurity and the essential role that organizational lifestyle plays in decreasing these risks, it's miles essential to realise the connection that exists among policy elements, employee conduct, and cyber security overall performance. By concentrating at the connections between distinct factors impacting cybersecurity culture and there have an effect on the efficacy of cyber security measures, the examine fills in gaps in empirical studies. This take a look act’s

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Ness, Stephanie, and Tushar Khinvasara. "Emerging Threats in Cyberspace: Implications for National Security Policy and Healthcare Sector." Journal of Engineering Research and Reports 26, no. 2 (2024): 107–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i21075.

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Currently, the majority of economic, commercial, cultural, social, and governmental activity and contacts between countries, encompassing individuals, non-governmental organizations, and government institutions, occur in the virtual realm known as cyberspace. In recent times, numerous private enterprises and governmental institutions worldwide have encountered the issue of cyber- attacks and the peril associated with wireless communication technology. The modern society heavily relies on electronic technology, and safeguarding this data from cyber-attacks poses a formidable challenge. Cyber-at

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Lehto, Martti. "The Cyberspace Threats and Cyber Security Objectives in the Cyber Security Strategies." International Journal of Cyber Warfare and Terrorism 3, no. 3 (2013): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcwt.2013070101.

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Threats in cyberspace can be classified in many ways. This is evident when you look at cyber security on a multinational level. One of the most common models is a threefold classification based on motivational factors. Most nations use this model as a foundation when creating a strategy to handle cyber security threats as it pertains to them. This paper will use the five level model: cyber activism, cybercrime, cyber espionage, cyber terrorism and cyber warfare. The National Cyber Security Strategy defines articulates the overall aim and objectives of the nation's cyber security policy and set

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Rawindaran, Nisha, Liqaa Nawaf, Suaad Alarifi, et al. "Enhancing Cyber Security Governance and Policy for SMEs in Industry 5.0: A Comparative Study between Saudi Arabia and the United Kingdom." Digital 3, no. 3 (2023): 200–231. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/digital3030014.

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The emergence of Industry 5.0 has revolutionized technology by integrating physical systems with digital networks. These advancements have also led to an increase in cyber threats, posing significant risks, particularly for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). This research investigates the resistance of SMEs in Saudi Arabia and the United Kingdom (UK) to cyber security measures within the context of Industry 5.0, with a specific focus on governance and policy. It explores the cultural and economic factors contributing to this resistance, such as limited awareness of cyber security risks

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STEZHKO, S., and T. SHEVCHENKO. "Current US experience in cyber security." INFORMATION AND LAW, no. 2(37) (June 23, 2021): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.37750/2616-6798.2021.2(37).238349.

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The content and key aspects of the US Cyber Security Strategy are considered. The principles of the state cyber security policy of the USA are defined. Typical threats to the United States in cyberspace are outlined. The state priorities for strengthening the components of cyber defense in the United States are summarized. The issue of financing cyber security in the United States in 2021 is detailed. The principles of joint activities of American-Ukrainian relations in the field of cyber security are specified. The list of measures implemented in the United States to strengthen the state's ca

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Czosseck, Christian, Rain Ottis, and Anna-Maria Talihärm. "Estonia after the 2007 Cyber Attacks." International Journal of Cyber Warfare and Terrorism 1, no. 1 (2011): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcwt.2011010103.

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At the time of the state-wide cyber attacks in 2007, Estonia was one of the most developed nations in Europe regarding the ubiquitous use of information and communication technology (ICT) in all aspects of society. Relaying on the Internet for conducting a range of business transactions is common practice. But naturally, the more a society depends on ICT, the more it becomes vulnerable to cyber attacks. Unlike other research on the Estonian incident, this paper does not focus on the analysis of the events themselves. Instead, the authors examine Estonia’s cyber security policy and subsequent c

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Górka, Marek, and Małgorzata Kamola-Cieślik. "Perception of Cyber Threats in Polish Cyber Security Policy on the Example of Strategic Documents in the Period 2013–2024." Reality of Politics 29, no. 3 (2024): 24–38. https://doi.org/10.15804/rop2024302.

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The article analyzes the growing role of digitization and the related security challenges in the context of the increasing number of internet-connected devices and increasingly sophisticated cyberattacks. In the context of the dynamic development of technology and the increase in cyber incidents, the article focuses on an interdisciplinary analysis of strategic documents on cyber security policy in Poland, such as Polish Cyberspace Protection Policy and Polish Cyber Security Strategy. The study identifies key threats and assesses the state’s responses to the growing challenges of cyberattacks.

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Kuczabski, Mateusz. "Asian Cyber Security Standards." Safety & Defense 6, no. 2 (2020): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.37105/sd.75.

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The scientific considerations presented in this article concern the threat of the cyber security quality system resulting from the unclear security standards introduced by China. Over the past few years, the Chinese government has issued nearly 300 new national standards related to cyber security. These standards cover a range of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) services as well as products, including software, routers, switches and firewalls. These standards contribute to the threat to the cyber security quality system, The situation becomes more difficult the more the United S

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Shihan, Khadija Hassan, and Mustafa Jawad Radif. "Internal and External Factors to Adopt a Cyber Security Strategy in Iraqi Organisations." Webology 19, no. 1 (2022): 5181–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.14704/web/v19i1/web19349.

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Cyber security has become one of the main focus areas in developing and maintaining a country’s information technology (IT) infrastructure. In a country like Iraq, there is an urgent necessity to strengthen its overall cybersecurity framework and reorganise the whole industrial and security infrastructure with the help of advanced technology coupled with integrated cyber security policy. The main aim of this paper is to devise a cyber security strategic framework for Iraqi organisations. This framework will be organised on the basis of the internal and external factors that must be considered

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Muhammad, Hafsat, Olumide B. Longe, Abimbola Baale,, and U.-O. Ekpo Antai. "Towards the Development of a Machine Learning Enhanceed Framework for Honeypot and CAPTCHA Intrusion Detection Systems." Advances in Multidisciplinary and scientific Research Journal Publication 34 (December 30, 2022): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.22624/aims/accrabespoke2022/v34p4.

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With the continuous prevalence of cyber-attacks, information safety has become very important to governments and organizations all over the world. Individuals, organizations and government suffers from financial and reputational damages consequent to cyber-attacks. Hence development of good cyber security technique became very important in the literature. Generally, traditional IDS are passive in such a way that they detect and report attacks based on predefined rules. Traditional IDS focus on how to detect attacks base on a given rule, i.e. either assigned or abnormality (Muhammad 2010). Othe

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Singh, Dr Ajit. "Securing India’s sovereignty: Cyber threats, national security, and strategic policy responses." International Journal of Political Science and Governance 7, no. 1 (2025): 241–48. https://doi.org/10.33545/26646021.2025.v7.i1c.529.

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MANUILOV, Y. "Cyber security of critical infrastructure during cyber warfare." INFORMATION AND LAW, no. 1(44) (March 28, 2023): 154–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.37750/2616-6798.2023.1(44).287780.

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The concepts and characteristics of critical infrastructure are defined. The role and place of critical infrastructure in the structure of national security of Ukraine is highlighted. The factors that affect the security of critical infrastructure are detailed. The principles of state policy in the field of cyber security of critical infrastructure are outlined. The threats that affect the security of critical infrastructure in the conditions of cyber warfare have been identified. The expediency of conducting periodic reviews of the state of cyber security of critical infrastructure of strateg

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Barnett, Daniel J., Tara Kirk Sell, Robert K. Lord, Curtis J. Jenkins, James W. Terbush, and Thomas A. Burke. "Cyber Security Threats to Public Health." World Medical & Health Policy 5, no. 1 (2013): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wmh3.19.

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Sherifi, Shkendije G., and Károly Nagy. "Small Countries and Cyber Defence." Academic and Applied Research in Military and Public Management Science 12, no. 2 (2013): 329–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.32565/aarms.2013.2.14.

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Cyber security problems pose a particularly important challenge for Small Countries. Their achievements can easily be destroyed by a cyber attack. Therefore, Small Countries cannot rely on the great powers or alliance systems the same way they would in the case of a military threat. A new interpretation of the concept of cyber space creates a new approach to cyber security problems. This new approach and the cooperation with the cyber defence system of NATO facilitate the development of an individual cyber security policy and the support of social development.

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Štitilis, Darius, Irmantas Rotomskis, Marius Laurinaitis, Sergiy Nadvynychnyy, and Nadiya Khorunzhak. "National cyber security strategies: management, unification and assessment." Independent Journal of Management & Production 11, no. 9 (2020): 2341. http://dx.doi.org/10.14807/ijmp.v11i9.1431.

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Cyber security has become an important issue both on the EU and the national level. Cyber security is now perceived as a part of national security. The newly emerging cyber security policy, comprising national cyber security strategies as an important constituent part, has been recently paid considerable attention. Speaking of national cyber security strategies, a positive thing is that the majority of EU member states have already approved such strategies. However, the approved strategies differ considerably in terms of their content and implementation. The present article aims at identifying

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Saleem Alrkeebat, Alanoud Amer. "A Review of The Literature on An Examination of The Effects of Cyber Security in Improved Public Sector Institution Performance in Jordan." International Journal of Scientific Research and Management (IJSRM) 12, no. 06 (2024): 1266–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v12i06.ec03.

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Gaining a clearer knowledge of the present level of cyber security adoption by public sector institutions—particularly in Jordan—was one of the study’s intended results. In order to improve the effectiveness of these institutions, the research reviewed various literature review on the current state of cyber security adoption. It also identified the obstacles that these institutions faced in embracing and executing these technologies, as well as the tactics that were required to improve cyber security applications. The assessment also highlighted cyber security initiatives that can boost operat

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PETCU, Ioana, and Dragoş-Cătălin BARBU. "The New Challenges of Romania’s Cyber Security Policy." Romanian Cyber Security Journal 4, no. 1 (2022): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.54851/v4i1y202207.

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Tvaronavičienė, Manuela, Tomas Plėta, Christos P. Beretas, and Lina Lelešienė. "Analysis of the critical infrastructure cyber security policy." Insights into Regional Development 4, no. 1 (2022): 26–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.9770/ird.2021.4.1(2).

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Kim, Sang Kyou. "China’s Cyber Security Policy Changes and It’s Implications." Journal of Modern China Studies 20, no. 4 (2019): 41–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.35820/jmcs.20.4.2.

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Tvaronavičienė, Manuela, Tomas Plėta, Christos P. Beretas, and Lina Lelešienė. "Analysis of the critical infrastructure cyber security policy." Insights into Regional Development 4, no. 1 (2022): 26–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.9770/ird.2022.4.1(2).

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Bocharova, A. "Information Security and Cybersecurity Policy." World Economy and International Relations 68, no. 4 (2024): 121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2024-68-4-121-130.

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Information security is a critical issue in today’s world, as the constant threat of cyber-attacks and breaches continues to pose a serious threat to individuals, businesses and governments. To address this issue, it is necessary to evaluate the existing security measures and their effectiveness in protecting against cyber threats, as well as the decisionmaking processes that drive information security policy at the national and international levels. The classification of existing security measures and decision-making actors is an essential step in identifying areas of weakness and improving s

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Ramadhianto, Rizky, Tahan Samuel Lumban Toruan, Susaningtyas Nefo Handayani Kertopati, and Hikmat Zakky Almubaroq. "Analysis of presidential regulations concerning cyber security to bolster defense policy management." Defense and Security Studies 4 (October 4, 2023): 84–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.37868/dss.v4.id244.

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As a developing country, Indonesia must effectively manage its national defense by implementing defense policies which can be interpreted as management activities that transform into defense policy management entities. The objective is to protect against various dangerous threats resulting from the dynamics of the current strategic environment, which continues to undergo rapid and significant changes. Cyber threats pose a potentially dangerous threat that has a multidimensional impact. Therefore, this article analyzes one of the Indonesian government's efforts to deal with cyber threats, which

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Backman, Sarah, and Tim Stevens. "Cyber risk logics and their implications for cybersecurity." International Affairs 100, no. 6 (2024): 2441–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiae236.

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Abstract Cybersecurity in national and international security is frequently discussed in an existential register. However, most cybersecurity activities are normal and routine, including diverse practices of cyber risk management. The intricacies of cyber risk and its connection to security and threat politics have received surprisingly little attention in the cyber politics literature. This article addresses this gap through a twofold theoretical proposition. The first argues that cyber risk in policy and practice inhabits a continuum between ‘classical’ risk and security postures. The second

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Górka, Marek. "Combating cyber threats as an element of the Visegrad Group’s cybersecurity policy." Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej 20, no. 1 (2022): 121–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.36874/riesw.2022.1.7.

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The Visegrad Group countries are taking actions that confirm their ambitions in the framework of cyber security policy. The tasks formulated both in strategic documents and in international forums are evidence of the active role of Central European governments in the area of cyber security. Many countries are facing a rising tide of cyberattacks, which are likely to intensify over time. Any such incident has the potential to inflict significant damage, undermining trust in government and causing unpredictable political consequences. For this reason, there is an apparent desire on the part of t

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Saket, Ringsia, and G. Shobha. "A Policy Based Data Security and Key Management System." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) 9, no. 5 (2020): 227–29. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.E9700.069520.

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Cyber Security, over the last few years, has been a topic of great research given the number of cyber crimes have been increasing. To provide cyber security , constant efforts are being made to secure the communications and to protect user data using various cryptography techniques. With the increasing number of cryptography, the number of keys used to secure communications also sees a high. It is always difficult to manage these keys and their identity in a multi process communication environment. This paper brings into light an approach for the enhancement of data security and cryptographic

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Zvozdetska, Oksana. "NATO’s new strategic concept in cybersecurity issues in the context of up-to-the date vulnerability and threat information." Mediaforum : Analytics, Forecasts, Information Management, no. 6 (December 17, 2018): 71–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/mediaforum.2018.6.71-93.

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The focus of the article revolves around NATO’s roadmap of smart defense against cyber attacks as the bedrock of Euro-Atlantic security. The author discloses NATO’S new policy and cutting-edge technical initiatives, aimed at focusing on countering global threats and cyber security challenges. It is stressed out, that new ideas towards a more synergetic approach between all the NATO Cyber Defense agencies should be explored to develop a shared framework for cybersecurity that might provide up-to-the date intelligence in order to ensure the development, acquisition and maintenance of the necessa

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Górka, Marek. "Baltic States Cyber Security Policy: Development of digital capabilities in 2017-2022." Stosunki Międzynarodowe – International Relations 3 (November 20, 2023): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/stomiedintrelat.17684.1.

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Background The Baltic Sea region is currently one of the tensest areas in Europe, with Russia potentially challenging the international order by provoking a new confrontation with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). In this context, the Baltic States of Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia are developing their cyber security capabilities, which provides an intriguing example of how small states with an aggressive neighbour can operate. The perceived threat is driving the development of cyber capabilities, and policymakers are prioritizing efforts to strengthen their digital capabilities.

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Anvar, Shathik J., and Prasad K. Krishna. "A Critical Analysis of Information Security -A Case Study of Cognizant Technology Solutions." International Journal of Case Studies in Business, IT, and Education (IJCSBE) 4, no. 1 (2020): 155–71. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3928673.

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Security was not a major concern of the past in Information Technology Organizations. But presently, due to the vast growth in fraud and hacking techniques, the security of organizations is a great concern. Organizations usually spend millions every year just to protect their environment and to maintain security. Yet, no company claims to be a hundred percent secure as fraudulent techniques are more tricky and latest. As the hackers are becoming hard and tricky, the major Information Technology (IT) Organizations are willing to pay a large sum of money for providers offering services of enterp

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Ismail, Muhammad, and Naheem Gul. "Cyber Security and Policy Making: An Analysis of Pakistan." Journal of Strategic Policy and Global Affairs 02, no. 01 (2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.58669/jspga.v02.i01.01.

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The knowledge and technology era is currently in full swing. Political entities are constantly evolving, with advancements ranging from electronic utilities payment processing to modern infrastructure, the use of machine learning, advanced communication systems, and technological combat. Distances have shrunk the advancement of technology, but its use has also given rise to fresh dangers and anxieties. Cybercrimes, including stealing, criminal conspiracy, financial crimes, data breaches, matters of national security acquisition, and even dangers to essential systems, have evolved into modern-d

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Sudhip, S., I. Roshan Singha, and Mohammad Atif. "Indian Cyber Security and Defence: A Comprehensive Analysis." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 13, no. 3 (2025): 2544–47. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.67872.

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Abstract: The rapid digitization of India’s economy, governance, and military infrastructure has made cybersecurity a critical pillar of national security. With increasing cyber threats from state-sponsored actors, hacktivists, and cybercriminals, India has been actively strengthening its cyber defence mechanisms. This research paper provides an in-depth analysis of India’s cybersecurity and defence policies, institutional frameworks, and operational strategies. It examines the roles of key agencies such as the Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In), the National Cyber Security Coor

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Burmeister, Oliver, Jackie Phahlamohlaka, and Yeslam Al-Saggaf. "Good Governance and Virtue in South Africa's Cyber Security Policy Implementation." International Journal of Cyber Warfare and Terrorism 5, no. 1 (2015): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcwt.2015010102.

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Good governance from an ethical perspective in cyberdefence policy has been seen in terms of duty and consequentialism. Yet the negotiated view of virtue ethics can also address how nation states mitigate the risks of a cyber attack to their national interests and to prepare for a cyber offence in response to an attack. A discourse analysis of the “0x Omar”-Israeli conflict of 2012, as reported in the Arabic and English media and on the Internet, is used to explore ethical issues that this case raises and to examine how the risks posed could be mitigated in relation to relevant elements of the

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Navdeep, Akshay Garg, Muskan, Vaibhav Sharma. "The Role of Ethics in Developing Secure Cyber-Security Policies." Tuijin Jishu/Journal of Propulsion Technology 43, no. 4 (2023): 250–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/tjjpt.v43.i4.2346.

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In an era dominated by technological advancements and increasing reliance on digital infrastructure, the formulation of effective and secure Cyber-security policies has emerged as a critical concern for governments, organizations, and individuals alike. This review paper delves into the under-explored nexus between ethics and Cyber-security policy development, shedding light on the pivotal role ethical considerations play in shaping resilient and socially responsible Cyber-security strategies. Through a comprehensive analysis of existing literature, case studies, and ethical frameworks, this r

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Lavorgna, Anita, and Anna Sergi. "Serious, therefore Organised? A Critique of the Emerging “Cyber-Organised Crime” Rhetoric in the United Kingdom." International Journal of Cyber Criminology 10, no. 2 (2016): 170–87. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.163400.

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This paper, based on discourse analysis of policy documents, departs from a critique of the juxtaposition of the terms “serious” and “organised” in policies against organised crime in the UK. The conceptualisation of organised crime as national security threat supports our hypothesis that a similar critique can be applied to the emerging narrative of cyber-organised crime in the country. We argue that, whereby organised crime has become essentially “serious” as consequence of its characterisation as a national security threat, cyber crime is becoming “organised” in the policy narrative because

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Kaponig, Hermann. "Austria’s National Cyber Security and Defense Policy: Challenges and the Way Forward." Connections: The Quarterly Journal 19, no. 1 (2020): 21–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.11610/connections.19.1.03.

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