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Journal articles on the topic 'Cycle à compression de vapeur'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 17 February 2022

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1

Zamfirescu, Calin. "MODELING AND OPTIMIZATION OF AN AMMONIA-WATER COMPRESSION-RESORPTION HEAT PUMPS WITH WET COMPRESSION." Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 33, no. 1 (March 2009): 75–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcsme-2009-0008.

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Wet ammonia-water compression-resorption heat pumps constitute an attractive alternative to the commonly known heat pumps based on Osenbrück cycle because they eliminate the necessity of oil-liquid refrigerant separation. In this respect, a special designed oil-free compressor operating under wet (two-phase) conditions equips the heat pump. The compressor is lubricated by the liquid refrigerant which is carried-out while compressing the vapor. The thermodynamic cycle is located completely inside the two-phase region. In this paper are demonstrated two procedures to optimize the design for COP maximization. It is shown that there is: (i) an optimal choice of the vapor quality at suction, and (ii) an optimal distribution of heat transfer surface between the resorber and the desorber (the total amount of heat transfer surface, being an expression of investment cost, is fixed). The circulating concentration of ammonia has to be chosen such that the minimum pressure in the system is over one bar (to avoid air penetration from the atmosphere) and the maximum pressure is bounded by a technical-economical maximal limit. A general procedure for calculation of the optimal cycle parameters is presented and exemplified for a case with practical relevance. The paper presents only the trends and rough quantitative estimations because the analyzed case is restricted to the ideal isentropic compression. Further research is needed to quantify in detail the effect of compression irreversibility.

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2

Zhao, Jia Hua, and Jing Hong Ning. "Performance Analysis on Solar Assisted CO₂ Vapor Compression Heat Pump Cycle with an Ejector." Advanced Materials Research 741 (August 2013): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.741.97.

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The thermodynamic performances of solar assisted CO2 vapor compression heat pump cycles with an ejector are analyzed and compared with that of conventional CO2 heat pump cycle (named as A cycle). Under the given working conditions, the COP of solar assisted CO2 heat pump cycle with an ejector after compressor cycle (named as C cycle) is much higher than that of CO2 heat pump cycle with an ejector before compressor cycle (named as B cycle) and that of the A cycle because of the lower compressor power of the C cycle. The compressor volume displacement of the C cycle demanded for providing the same heat capacity of gas-cooler is the lowest among the three cycles. So the compressor size of the C cycle is very small and the cost of the C cycle is very less. In the area having rich solar energy resource, it is significant to employ the C cycle for providing space heating by optimizing design ejector and selecting compressor, thus, the performances for this C cycle can be improved greatly. In the area not having rich solar energy resource, the B cycle can be used for providing space heating; the performances can also be improved accordingly.

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3

Merzvinskas, M., C. Bringhenti, J. T. Tomita, and C. R. de Andrade. "Air conditioning systems for aeronautical applications: a review." Aeronautical Journal 124, no. 1274 (December 27, 2019): 499–532. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aer.2019.159.

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ABSTRACTThis paper presents a review of the various aeronautical air conditioning systems that are currently available and discusses possible system configurations in the context of the aeronautical environmental control systems. Descriptions of the standard vapor compression cycle and air cycles are provided. The latter includes, simple-cycle, bootstrap-cycle, simple-bootstrap cycle (3-wheel) and condensing cycle (4-wheel). Water separation and air recirculation systems are also explored. A comparison between vapor compression cycles and air cycles is provided, as well as a comparison between different air cycles. Air cycle units are far less efficient than vapor compression cycle units, but they are lighter and more reliable for an equivalent cooling capacity. Details regarding the aircraft conceptual design phase along with general criteria for the selection of an air conditioning system are provided. Additionally, industry trends and technological advances are examined. Conclusions are compiled to guide the systems engineer in the search for the most appropriate design for a particular application.

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4

Ramanathan, Anand, and Prabhakaran Gunasekaran. "Simulation of absorption refrigeration system for automobile application." Thermal Science 12, no. 3 (2008): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci0803005r.

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An automotive air-conditioning system based on absorption refrigeration cycle has been simulated. This waste heat driven vapor absorption refrigeration system is one alternate to the currently used vapour compression refrigeration system for automotive air-conditioning. Performance analysis of vapor absorption refrigeration system has been done by developing a steady-state simulation model to find the limitation of the proposed system. The water-lithium bromide pair is used as a working mixture for its favorable thermodynamic and transport properties compared to the conventional refrigerants utilized in vapor compression refrigeration applications. The pump power required for the proposed vapor absorption refrigeration system was found lesser than the power required to operate the compressor used in the conventional vapor compression refrigeration system. A possible arrangement of the absorption system for automobile application is proposed.

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5

Choe, Jeong, Jongmin Jung, and Yongseok Jeon. "Potential Benefits of Saturation Compression Cycle with Liquid Injection in Showcase Vapor Compression Cycle." Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering 33, no. 4 (April 30, 2021): 190–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.6110/kjacr.2021.33.4.190.

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6

Liang, Youcai, Zhibin Yu, and Wenguang Li. "A Waste Heat-Driven Cooling System Based on Combined Organic Rankine and Vapour Compression Refrigeration Cycles." Applied Sciences 9, no. 20 (October 11, 2019): 4242. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9204242.

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In this paper, a heat driven cooling system that essentially integrated an organic Rankine cycle power plant with a vapour compression cycle refrigerator was investigated, aiming to provide an alternative to absorption refrigeration systems. The organic Rankine cycle (ORC) subsystem recovered energy from the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines to produce mechanical power. Through a transmission unit, the produced mechanical power was directly used to drive the compressor of the vapour compression cycle system to produce a refrigeration effect. Unlike the bulky vapour absorption cooling system, both the ORC power plant and vapour compression refrigerator could be scaled down to a few kilowatts, opening the possibility for developing a small-scale waste heat-driven cooling system that can be widely applied for waste heat recovery from large internal combustion engines of refrigerated ships, lorries, and trains. In this paper, a model was firstly established to simulate the proposed concept, on the basis of which it was optimized to identify the optimum operation condition. The results showed that the proposed concept is very promising for the development of heat-driven cooling systems for recovering waste heat from internal combustion engines’ exhaust gas.

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7

Wang, Lin, Shuang Ping Duan, and Xiao Long Cui. "Performance Analysis of Solar-Assisted Refrigeration Cycle." Applied Mechanics and Materials 170-173 (May 2012): 2504–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.170-173.2504.

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Energy-conservation and environmental protection are keys to sustainable development of domestic economy. The solar-assisted cascade refrigeration cycle system is developed. The system consists of electricity-driven vapor compression refrigeration system and solar-driven vapor absorption refrigeration system. The vapor compression refrigeration system is connected in series with vapor absorption refrigeration system. Refrigerant and solution reservoirs are designed to store potential to keep the system operating continuously without sunlight. The results indicate that the system obtains pretty higher COP as compared with the conventional vapor compression refrigeration system. COP of the new-type vapor compression refrigeration system increases as sunlight becomes intense.

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8

Abd-Elhady, M. S., E. Bishara, and M. A. Halim. "Increasing the Cooling Rate of the Vapor Compression Cycle by Heating." International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration 29, no. 01 (March 2021): 2150009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010132521500097.

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Refrigeration and air conditioning cycles consume a large amount of electrical energy and the shortage in traditional sources of energy is the main reasons for governments to use renewable energy. The most power consuming part in the Vapor Compression Cycle (VCC) is the gas compressor. Therefore, the objective of this research is to increase the cooling rate of the VCC using the same compressor, and that is done by heating the refrigerant coming out from the compressor. The proposed cycle is similar to the VCC except that the compression processes is done in two stages, the first stage via a gas compressor and in the second stage by heating the refrigerant under constant volume. The heating process can be done using solar energy. An experimental setup has been developed to study the influence of heating the refrigerant on the cooling rate of the VCC. The heating process is performed after the compressor, and it is done under constant volume in order to increase the pressure of the refrigerant. Four experiments have been performed; the first experiment is a normal VCC, i.e., without heating, while in the second, third and fourth experiments, the refrigerant has been heated to 50∘C, 100∘C and 150∘C, respectively. It has been found that the cooling power increases with the heating temperature. Heating increases the pressure of the refrigerant in VCC, and consequently increases the mass flow rate of the refrigerant that results in an increase in the refrigeration power for the same compressor power. However, the disadvantage of heating the refrigerant is that it increases the evaporator temperature, which limits the possibility of the VCC to be used in freezing applications.

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9

Pektezel and Acar. "Energy and Exergy Analysis of Combined Organic Rankine Cycle-Single and Dual Evaporator Vapor Compression Refrigeration Cycle." Applied Sciences 9, no. 23 (November 21, 2019): 5028. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9235028.

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This paper presents energy and exergy analysis of two vapor compression refrigeration cycles powered by organic Rankine cycle. Refrigeration cycle of combined system was designed with single and dual evaporators. R134a, R1234ze(E), R227ea, and R600a fluids were used as working fluids in combined systems. Influences of different parameters such as evaporator, condenser, boiler temperatures, and turbine and compressor isentropic efficiencies on COPsys and ƞex,sys were analyzed. Second law efficiency, degree of thermodynamic perfection, exergy destruction rate, and exergy destruction ratio were detected for each component in systems. R600a was determined as the most efficient working fluid for proposed systems. Both COPsys and ƞex,sys of combined ORC-single evaporator VCR cycle was detected to be higher than the system with dual evaporator.

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10

Zhao, Lei, Wen-Jian Cai, Xu-dong Ding, and Wei-chung Chang. "Decentralized optimization for vapor compression refrigeration cycle." Applied Thermal Engineering 51, no. 1-2 (March 2013): 753–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2012.10.001.

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11

Park, Chasik, Hoseong Lee, Yunho Hwang, and Reinhard Radermacher. "Recent advances in vapor compression cycle technologies." International Journal of Refrigeration 60 (December 2015): 118–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2015.08.005.

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12

Amrane, K., and R. Radermacher. "Second-Law Analysis of Vapor Compression Heat Pumps With Solution Circuit." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 116, no. 3 (July 1, 1994): 453–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906842.

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A second-law analysis is conducted on both the single-stage vapor compression heat pump with solution circuit (VCHSC) and its modified version, the cycle with a preheater and additional desorber. The results are compared to a conventional heat pump cycle operating with pure ammonia. The location and magnitude of the irreversibilities of the individual components constituting the cycles are determined. The entropic average temperature is used in computing the irreversibilities. The total work input to the heat pumps is then conveniently decomposed into two parts: the minimum work input or the work of a reversible cycle operating between the desorber and absorber entropic average temperatures, plus an additional input of work caused by the irreversibilities of the different processes of the cycles. The analysis reveals that the compressor is the most inefficient component of the heat pumps with losses accounting for about one fourth of the work input. The irreversibilities in the desorber and absorber are found to be minimum when there is a good match in both the solution and heat transfer fluid temperature glides. By adding a preheater and an additional desorber, the irreversibilities in the single-stage VCHSC are considerably reduced. However, it is shown that it is the preheater and not the additional desorber that has by far the most significant impact on the heat pump’s efficiency improvements. Compared to a conventional ammonia vapor compression cycle, the modified VCHSC, which has twice as many sources of irreversibility, shows nevertheless a maximum improvement of 56.1 percent in second-law efficiency.

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13

Kim, Kyoung Hoon. "Exergy Analysis of Vapor Compression Cycle Driven by Organic Rankine Cycle." Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B 37, no. 12 (December 1, 2013): 1137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3795/ksme-b.2013.37.12.1137.

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14

Alzoubi, Mahmoud A., and TieJun Zhang. "Characterization of Energy Efficient Vapor Compression Cycle Prototype with a Linear Compressor." Energy Procedia 75 (August 2015): 3253–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2015.07.695.

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15

Meunier, F. "Refrigeration Carnot-type cycle based on isothermal vapour compression." International Journal of Refrigeration 29, no. 1 (January 2006): 155–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2005.09.001.

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16

Leducq, Denis, Jacques Guilpart, and Gilles Trystram. "Non-linear predictive control of a vapour compression cycle." International Journal of Refrigeration 29, no. 5 (August 2006): 761–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2005.12.005.

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17

Yari, M., and M. Sirousazar. "Performance analysis of the ejector-vapour compression refrigeration cycle." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 221, no. 8 (January 2007): 1089–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09576509jpe484.

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18

Aphornratana, Satha, and Thanarath Sriveerakul. "Analysis of a combined Rankine–vapour–compression refrigeration cycle." Energy Conversion and Management 51, no. 12 (December 2010): 2557–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2010.04.016.

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19

Soliman, Aly M. A., Ali K. Abdel Rahman, and S. Ookawara. "Enhancement of vapor compression cycle performance using nanofluids." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 135, no. 2 (August 14, 2018): 1507–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10973-018-7623-y.

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20

Zhao, Lei, Wenjian Cai, Xudong Ding, and Weichung Chang. "Model-based optimization for vapor compression refrigeration cycle." Energy 55 (June 2013): 392–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2013.02.071.

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21

Williamson, N. J., and P. K. Bansal. "Feasibility of air cycle systems for low-temperature refrigeration applications with heat recovery." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering 217, no. 3 (August 1, 2003): 267–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095440803322328917.

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In this paper the viability of an air cycle refrigeration system (Joule cycle) is investigated for a moderately low-temperature cooling system with heat recovery. The goal is to determine the best possible cycle configuration of heat exchangers and turbomachinery components for this particular application, and then to determine whether it can compete with a conventional vapour compression system. Simple models were developed for each cycle configuration, and the results were compared with each other on a consistent basis. The sensitivity of the system to heat exchanger effectiveness and expander and compressor efficiency was determined, and contours were plotted.

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22

AIKINS, KOJO ATTA, SANG-HYEOK LEE, and JONG MIN CHOI. "TECHNOLOGY REVIEW OF TWO-STAGE VAPOR COMPRESSION HEAT PUMP SYSTEM." International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration 21, no. 03 (September 2013): 1330002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010132513300024.

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There is increasing demand for domestic and industrial refrigeration, space heating and air conditioning. Heat pump systems offer economical alternatives for recovering heat from different sources for use in these applications. As a renewable energy technology for sustainable environment, the heat pump's high efficiency and low environmental impact have already drawn a fair amount of attention all over the world. Some of these domestic and industrial applications require very low evaporating temperatures and very high condensing temperatures which induce high compressor pressure ratios beyond the practical range for single-stage heat pump cycles. These high pressure ratios also produce low coefficient of performance (COP) values and expose the compressor to high discharge temperature, low volumetric efficiency and damage. However, this challenge can be overcome by adopting two-stage heat pump cycles. In this paper, recent works on two-stage heat pump systems for various applications are reviewed. They include two-stage cycle with intercooling, two-stage cycle with refrigerant injection and two-stage cascade cycle. Research and innovative designs of systems that make use of these two-stage cycles have been able to get heat pumps to handle applications with lower and higher temperatures, while enhancing heating capacity up to 30% and COP up to 31%.

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23

Kim, Kyoung Hoon, Jaeyoung Jin, and Hyungjong Ko. "Performance Analysis of a Vapor Compression Cycle Driven by Organic Rankine Cycle." Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society 23, no. 5 (October 31, 2012): 521–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.7316/khnes.2012.23.5.521.

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24

Eǧrican, A. Nilüfer, and Ahmet Karakas. "Second law analysis of a solar powered Rankine cycle/vapor compression cycle." Journal of Heat Recovery Systems 6, no. 2 (January 1986): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0198-7593(86)90073-1.

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25

Mogaji, T. S., A. Awolala, O. Z. Ayodeji, P. B. Mogaji, and D. E. Philip. "COP enhancement of vapour compression refrigeration system using dedicated mechanical subcooling cycle." Nigerian Journal of Technology 39, no. 3 (September 16, 2020): 776–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v39i3.17.

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This study focused on development of an improved vapour compression refrigeration system (IVCR system). Dedicated mechanical subcooling cycle is employed in attaining the developed IVCR system. The system is composed of two cycles cascade refrigeration system working with R134a. It consists of a rectangular shape with total storage space of 0.582 m3, made of galvanized mild steel and internally insulated with 0.05 m polystyrene foam. Tests under a wide range operating temperature conditions were carried out on the developed IVCR system. Performance evaluation of the system was characterized in terms of cooling capacity and coefficient of performance (COP). Experimental results showed that the COP of the subcooled system improved better than that of the main system from 18.0% to about 33.5% over an evaporating temperature range of -10 to 30oC. It can be concluded that the use of dedicated sub cooling cycle in VCR system is more efficient and suitable for the betterment of thermal system performance. Keywords: Vapour compression Refrigeration system, Coefficient of performance, dedicated subcooled system, Condensation temperature, Evaporation temperature.

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26

Cimsit, Canan, and Ilhan Tekin Ozturk. "Exergy analysis of vapour compression-absorption two-stage refrigeration cycle." International Journal of Exergy 35, no. 2 (2021): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijex.2021.10038625.

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27

Ozturk, Ilhan Tekin, and Canan Cimsit. "Exergy analysis of vapour compression-absorption two-stage refrigeration cycle." International Journal of Exergy 35, no. 2 (2021): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijex.2021.115648.

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28

Klausner, J. F., and R. Mei. "The p-h Diagram and the Vapor-Compression Cycle." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 113, no. 1 (February 1, 1991): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2929952.

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29

柯, 山. "The Best Condensing Temperature of Vapor Compression Refrigeration Cycle." Instrumentation and Equipments 04, no. 04 (2016): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/iae.2016.44014.

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30

Yan, Jia, Wenjian Cai, Lei Zhao, Yanzhong Li, and Chen Lin. "Performance evaluation of a combined ejector-vapor compression cycle." Renewable Energy 55 (July 2013): 331–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2012.12.029.

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31

Saleh, B. "THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF TRANSCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE VAPOR COMPRESSION CYCLE." JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences 35, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 117–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jesaun.2007.111424.

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32

Jain, Neera, Bin Li, Michael Keir, Brandon Hencey, and Andrew Alleyne. "Decentralized Feedback Structures of a Vapor Compression Cycle System." IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology 18, no. 1 (January 2010): 185–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcst.2008.2010500.

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33

Turgut, Mert Sinan, and Mustafa Turhan Çoban. "Neural Network Predictive Control of a Vapor Compression Cycle." Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering 45, no. 2 (September 24, 2019): 779–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13369-019-04149-2.

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34

Yoon, Young-Jin, and Man Hyung Lee. "Dynamic simulation of vapor-compression cycle using neural networks." International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems 8, no. 6 (December 2010): 1241–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12555-010-0609-6.

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35

Kim, Nakhoon, Yunki Park, Jung E. Son, Seongjin Shin, Byounghyuk Min, Hyungjin Park, Seokhyun Kang, Hyun Hur, Man Yeoung Ha, and Min Cheol Lee. "Robust Sliding Mode Control of a Vapor Compression Cycle." International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems 16, no. 1 (February 2018): 62–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12555-016-0584-7.

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36

Khatoon, Saboora, Nasser Mohammed A. Almefreji, and Man-Hoe Kim. "Thermodynamic Study of a Combined Power and Refrigeration System for Low-Grade Heat Energy Source." Energies 14, no. 2 (January 13, 2021): 410. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14020410.

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This study focuses on the thermal performance analysis of an organic Rankine cycle powered vapor compression refrigeration cycle for a set of working fluids for each cycle, also known as a dual fluid system. Both cycles are coupled using a common shaft to maintain a constant transmission ratio of one. Eight working fluids have been studied for the vapor compression refrigeration cycle, and a total of sixty-four combinations of working fluids have been analyzed for the dual fluid combined cycle system. The analysis has been performed to achieve a temperature of −16 °C for a set of condenser temperatures 34 °C, 36 °C, 38 °C, and 40 °C. For the desired temperature in the refrigeration cycle, the required work input, mass flow rate, and heat input for the organic Rankine cycle were determined systematically. Based on the manifestation of performance criteria, three working fluids (R123, R134a, and R245fa) were chosen for the refrigeration cycle and two (Propane and R245fa) were picked for the organic Rankine cycle. Further, a combination of R123 in the refrigeration cycle with propane in the Rankine cycle was scrutinized for their highest efficiency value of 16.48% with the corresponding highest coefficient of performance value of 2.85 at 40 °C.

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37

Riaz, Fahid, Kah Hoe Tan, Muhammad Farooq, Muhammad Imran, and Poh Seng Lee. "Energy Analysis of a Novel Ejector-Compressor Cooling Cycle Driven by Electricity and Heat (Waste Heat or Solar Energy)." Sustainability 12, no. 19 (October 4, 2020): 8178. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12198178.

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Low-grade heat is abundantly available as solar thermal energy and as industrial waste heat. Non concentrating solar collectors can provide heat with temperatures 75–100 °C. In this paper, a new system is proposed and analyzed which enhances the electrical coefficient of performance (COP) of vapour compression cycle (VCC) by incorporating low-temperature heat-driven ejectors. This novel system, ejector enhanced vapour compression refrigeration cycle (EEVCRC), significantly increases the electrical COP of the system while utilizing abundantly available low-temperature solar or waste heat (below 100 °C). This system uses two ejectors in an innovative way such that the higher-pressure ejector is used at the downstream of the electrically driven compressor to help reduce the delivery pressure for the electrical compressor. The lower pressure ejector is used to reduce the quality of wet vapour at the entrance of the evaporator. This system has been modelled in Engineering Equation Solver (EES) and its performance is theoretically compared with conventional VCC, enhanced ejector refrigeration system (EERS), and ejection-compression system (ECS). The proposed EEVCRC gives better electrical COP as compared to all the three systems. The parametric study has been conducted and it is found that the COP of the proposed system increases exponentially at lower condensation temperature and higher evaporator temperature. At 50 °C condenser temperature, the electrical COP of EEVCRC is 50% higher than conventional VCC while at 35 °C, the electrical COP of EEVCRC is 90% higher than conventional VCC. For the higher temperature heat source, and hence the higher generator temperatures, the electrical COP of EEVCRC increases linearly while there is no increase in the electrical COP for ECS. The better global COP indicates that a small solar collector will be needed if this system is driven by solar thermal energy. It is found that by using the second ejector at the upstream of the electrical compressor, the electrical COP is increased by 49.2% as compared to a single ejector system.

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38

Rasmussen, Bryan P., and Andrew G. Alleyne. "Control-Oriented Modeling of Transcritical Vapor Compression Systems." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 126, no. 1 (March 1, 2004): 54–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1648312.

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This paper presents a methodology for developing a low order dynamic model of a transcritical air-conditioning system, specifically suited for multivariable controller design. An 11th-order nonlinear dynamic model of the system is derived using first principles. Analysis indicates that the system exhibits multiple time scale behavior, and that model reduction is appropriate. Model reduction using singular perturbation techniques yields physical insight as to which physical phenomena are relatively fast/slow, and a 5th-order dynamic model appropriate for multivariable controller design. Although all results shown are for a transcritical cycle, the methodology presented can easily be extended to subcritical cycles.

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39

Liu, Hongzhi, Katsunori Nagano, Takao Katsura, and Yue Han. "Experimental Investigation on a Vapor Injection Heat Pump System with a Single-Stage Compressor." Energies 13, no. 12 (June 17, 2020): 3133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13123133.

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In this study, a heat pump of 10 kW with vapor injection using refrigerant of R410A was developed. A vapor injection pipe connecting a gas–liquid separator at the outlet of the main expansion valve and the suction of a single-stage rotary compressor was designed. The heating performance of this vapor injection heat pump was investigated and analyzed at different compressor frequencies and primary temperatures. The experimental results show that for the heat pump without vapor injection, the heating capacity increased linearly with the compressor frequency, while the heating coefficient of performance (COP) decreased linearly with the compressor frequency for each tested primary temperature. The developed vapor injection technique is able to increase the heat pump system’s heating capacity and heating COP when the injection ratio R falls into the range 0.16–0.17. The refrigerant mass flow rate can be increased in the vapor injection heat pump cycle due to the decreased specific volume of the suction refrigerant. The power consumption of vapor injection heat pump cycle almost remains the same with that of the conventional heat pump cycle because of the increased refrigerant mass flow rate and the decreased compression ratio. Finally, it was found that the developed vapor injection cycle is preferable to decreasing the compressor’s discharge temperature.

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40

Nobre, G. M., A. A. Vasconccelos, A. O. Cárdenas Gómez, E. P. Bandarra Filho, and J. A. Parise. "PERFORMANCE CORRECTION FACTORS FOR VAPOR COMPRESSION REFRIGERATION AND HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS TESTED WITH UNCONTROLLED CONDENSER CONDITIONS." Revista de Engenharia Térmica 16, no. 2 (December 31, 2017): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/reterm.v16i2.62219.

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A method for experimental data adjustment consisting of correction equations for the performance parameters of the refrigeration/heat pump vapor compression cycle, when operation conditions depart from those established in testing standards, is here presented. A basic thermodynamic model allowed for a methodology to be developed so as to correct vapor compression cycle performance to a desirable operating condition. Correction factor equations are proposed for refrigerant mass flow rate, compressor specific enthalpy gain and evaporator refrigeration effect, for situations when condensing pressure has not followed standards conditions or has not been properly controlled during experiments. The method was verified against experimental data from a vapor compression water-to-water heat pump with controlled condensing temperatures of 30oC, 40oC and 50oC. In spite of the purposely excessive correction, ±10oC, a relatively good smoothness, as well as a good agreement among all conversions, was obtained with the standardized points. The model was also applied to a refrigeration system running with water-SWCNT nanofluid (single walled carbon nanotube with water as the base fluid) as the secondary fluid. It contributed to a better discernment of the actual influence of the nanofluid in the system performance.

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41

Cirillo, L., A. R. Farina, A. Greco, and C. Masselli. "Preliminary Numerical Investigation on the Optimization of a Single Bunch of Elastocaloric Elements to be Employed in an Experimental Device." Tecnica Italiana-Italian Journal of Engineering Science 65, no. 2-4 (July 30, 2021): 242–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ti-ijes.652-416.

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Nowadays about 20% of the worldwide energy consumption is attributable to refrigeration almost based on vapor compression. In the scientific literature in the class of the eco-friendly cooling technologies alternative to vapour compression there is solid state cooling. In this field, the scientific community has devoted the attention specifically toward elastocaloric refrigeration. Elastocaloric refrigeration is based on the latent heat associated with the transformation process of the martensitic phase, found in Shape Memory Alloys (SMA) when they are subjected to uniaxial stress cycles of loading and unloading. SMAs are characterized by the mechanical property of being able to return to the initial form once the uniaxial stress has been removed. By exploiting this effect in a reverse regenerative thermodynamic cycle called Active elastocaloric regenerative refrigeration cycle (AeR), a satisfactory cooling effect is achievable. In this paper, the results of a numerical investigation conducted, through a 2-D model, on a single bunch of elastocaloric elements are shown. Specifically, the heat transfer and the energy performances are studied both by varying the geometrical parameters of the elements and by varying the auxiliary fluid (air) velocity.

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42

Nasution, D. M., A. H. Siregar, and F. R. A. Bukit. "Modelling a simple-vapour compression refrigeration cycle for Fish-Storage boxes." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1542 (May 2020): 012066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1542/1/012066.

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43

Megdouli, K., B. M. Tashtoush, E. Nahdi, M. Elakhdar, A. Mhimid, and L. Kairouani. "Performance analysis of a combined vapor compression cycle and ejector cycle for refrigeration cogeneration." International Journal of Refrigeration 74 (February 2017): 517–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2016.12.003.

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44

Salim, Mohammad Saad, and Man-Hoe Kim. "Multi-objective thermo-economic optimization of a combined organic Rankine cycle and vapour compression refrigeration cycle." Energy Conversion and Management 199 (November 2019): 112054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2019.112054.

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Mahmoud, Magdi S., and Mirza H. Baig. "System Identification and Control Design of Vapor Compression Cycle Systems." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 136, no. 5 (May 19, 2014): 051003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4027086.

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46

Wallace, Matt, Buddhadeva Das, Prashant Mhaskar, John House, and Tim Salsbury. "Offset-free model predictive control of a vapor compression cycle." Journal of Process Control 22, no. 7 (August 2012): 1374–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jprocont.2012.06.011.

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47

Ouelhazi, I., Y. Ezzaalouni, and L. Kairouani. "Parametric analysis of a combined ejector-vapor compression refrigeration cycle." International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies 15, no. 3 (June 15, 2020): 398–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijlct/ctaa011.

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Abstract From the last few years, the use of efficient ejector in refrigeration systems has been paid a lot of attention. In this article a description of a refrigeration system that combines a basic vapor compression refrigeration cycle with an ejector cooling cycle is presented. A one-dimensional mathematical model is developed using the flow governing thermodynamic equations based on a constant area ejector flow model. The model includes effects of friction at the constant-area mixing chamber. The current model is based on the NIST-REFPROP database for refrigerant property calculations. The model has basically been used to determine the effect of the ejector geometry and operating conditions on the performance of the whole refrigeration system. The results show that the proposed model predicts ejector performance, entrainment ratio and the coefficient of performance of the system and their sensitivity to evaporating and generating temperature of the cascade refrigeration cycle. The simulated performance has been then compared with the available experimental data from the literature for validation.

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48

Yin, Xiaohong, and Shaoyuan Li. "Energy efficient predictive control for vapor compression refrigeration cycle systems." IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 5, no. 5 (September 2018): 953–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jas.2016.7510250.

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Zubair, Syed M. "Thermodynamics of a vapor-compression refrigeration cycle with mechanical subcooling." Energy 19, no. 6 (June 1994): 707–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-5442(94)90009-4.

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Xing, Meibo, Gang Yan, and Jianlin Yu. "Performance evaluation of an ejector subcooled vapor-compression refrigeration cycle." Energy Conversion and Management 92 (March 2015): 431–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2014.12.091.

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