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Journal articles on the topic 'Cycle skipping'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 October 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Tunçer, Erdal, Tarkan Sandalci, Saban Pusat, Özgün Balcı, and Yasin Karagöz. "Cycle-skipping strategy with intake air cut off for natural gas fueled Si engine." Science Progress 104, no. 3 (2021): 003685042110310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00368504211031074.

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In this study, cycle-skipping was investigated for a natural gas engine which has single cylinder, unsupercharged with 1.16 L volume and spark ignition. Additionally, inlet manifold air was switched off during cycle-skipping to minimize pumping losses. Thus, cycle-skipping strategy was carried out, and its effects on emission and engine performance were investigated. Indicated mean effective pressure, indicated efficiency, specific emissions (CO, HC, and NOX) and combustion characteristics (in-cylinder pressure and rate of heat release) were investigated in the study. As a result of performed

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Sherwani, Rabiah, Afsheen Masood, and Hafsah Sherwani. "Habitual Breakfast-Skipping as Predictor of Health Quality among Young Women." International Health Review 4, no. 1 (2024): 50–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.32350/ihr.41.04.

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Breakfast-skipping habit is quite common among women, especially adolescent girls. Resultantly, their mental health, physical activity level, and menstruation cycle get affected. A quantitative study was conducted to determine this phenomenon. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of breakfast-skipping habits on mental health, physical activity level, and menstruation cycle among women of ages ranging between 18-24 years. A sample of 93 women was selected from different colleges in Lahore. Their demographics, breakfast-skipping habits, mental health, physical activity level,

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Huang, Guanghui, Rami Nammour, and William W. Symes. "Source-independent extended waveform inversion based on space-time source extension: Frequency-domain implementation." GEOPHYSICS 83, no. 5 (2018): R449—R461. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2017-0333.1.

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Source signature estimation from seismic data is a crucial ingredient for successful application of seismic migration and full-waveform inversion (FWI). If the starting velocity deviates from the target velocity, FWI method with on-the-fly source estimation may fail due to the cycle-skipping problem. We have developed a source-based extended waveform inversion method, by introducing additional parameters in the source function, to solve the FWI problem without the source signature as a priori. Specifically, we allow the point source function to be dependent on spatial and time variables. In th

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Asano, Fumihiko, and Masashi Suguro. "Limit cycle walking, running, and skipping of telescopic-legged rimless wheel." Robotica 30, no. 6 (2011): 989–1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574711001226.

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SUMMARYThis paper investigates the efficiency and properties of limit cycle walking, running, and skipping of a planar, active, telescopic-legged rimless wheel. First, we develop the robot equations of motion and design an output following control for the telescopic-legs' action. We then numerically show that a stable walking gait can be generated by asymmetrizing the impact posture. Second, we numerically show that a stable running gait can be generated by employing a simple feedback control of the control period, and compare the properties of the generated running gait with those of the walk

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Yao, Gang, Nuno V. da Silva, Michael Warner, Di Wu, and Chenhao Yang. "Tackling cycle skipping in full-waveform inversion with intermediate data." GEOPHYSICS 84, no. 3 (2019): R411—R427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2018-0096.1.

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Full-waveform inversion (FWI) is a promising technique for recovering the earth models for exploration geophysics and global seismology. FWI is generally formulated as the minimization of an objective function, defined as the L2-norm of the data residuals. The nonconvex nature of this objective function is one of the main obstacles for the successful application of FWI. A key manifestation of this nonconvexity is cycle skipping, which happens if the predicted data are more than half a cycle away from the recorded data. We have developed the concept of intermediate data for tackling cycle skipp

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Thakur, Joyeeta, Monali Goswami, and Subho Roy. "Understanding menstrual characteristics from the perspective of reproductive energetics: a study on the adolescent Oraon tribal populations." Anthropological Review 83, no. 2 (2020): 109–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/anre-2020-0009.

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AbstractThe energetic costs of ovarian functions rely on the oxidizable fuels synthesized from carbohydrate, protein and fat that contribute to body’s fat storage. Energy deficient diet in association with low body fat may disrupt normal ovulatory function and lead to several menstrual irregularities. We examined the association of nutritional status with menstrual characteristics among a group of adolescent Oraon tribal population of West Bengal, India. We selected 301 adolescent girls, aged 10-19 years. Information on socio-demographic status, menstrual characteristics and assessment of the

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Hu, Yong, Li-Yun Fu, Qingqing Li, Wubing Deng, and Liguo Han. "Frequency-Wavenumber Domain Elastic Full Waveform Inversion with a Multistage Phase Correction." Remote Sensing 14, no. 23 (2022): 5916. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14235916.

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Elastic full waveform inversion (EFWI) is essential for obtaining high-resolution multi-parameter models. However, the conventional EFWI may suffer from severe cycle skipping without the low-frequency components in elastic seismic data. To solve this problem, we propose a multistage phase correction-based elastic full waveform inversion method in the frequency-wavenumber domain, which we call PC-EFWI for short. Specifically, the seismic data are first split using 2-D sliding windows; for each window, the seismic data are then transformed into the frequency-wavenumber domain for PC-EFWI misfit.

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Carpenter, Chris. "Joint-Domain Full Waveform Inversion Avoids Cycle Skipping in Ultrashallow Water." Journal of Petroleum Technology 77, no. 02 (2025): 95–97. https://doi.org/10.2118/0225-0095-jpt.

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_ This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 219190, “Joint-Domain Full Waveform Inversion and Its Applications to Ultrashallow Water Oceanbottom-Node Data,” by Yang Yang, Han Yin, and Lian Duan, BGP, et al. The paper has not been peer reviewed. _ Full waveform inversion (FWI) is commonly used for high-resolution velocity model building. Conventional FWI with least-squares objective function often suffers from the problem of cycle skipping. This issue becomes prominent in subsurface structures with high complexity, significant deviations be

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Tunçer, Erdal, Tarkan Sandalcı, and Yasin Karagöz. "Investigation of cycle skipping methods in an engine converted to positive ignition natural gas engine." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 13, no. 9 (2021): 168781402110454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16878140211045454.

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In this study, a single cylinder of 1.16 L, naturally aspirated engine was converted to a spark ignition engine, which was a diesel engine operating with natural gas as fuel. By placing electronic throttle, electronic ignition module, gas fuel injectors and proximity sensors on the test engine, the engine has been turned into a positive ignition engine that can work with natural gas as fuel, thanks to the electronic control unit developed by our project team. Then, in the study performed, different cycle skipping strategies were experimentally investigated at a constant engine speed of 1565 rp

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Qu, Shaobo, Yong Hu, Xingguo Huang, Jingwei Fang, and Zhihai Jiang. "Elastic Wave Phase Inversion in the Local-Scale Frequency–Wavenumber Domain with Marine Towed Simultaneous Sources." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 13, no. 5 (2025): 964. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13050964.

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Elastic full waveform inversion (EFWI) is a crucial technique for retrieving high-resolution multi-parameter information. However, the lack of low-frequency components in seismic data may induce severe cycle-skipping phenomena in elastic full waveform inversion (EFWI). Recognizing the approximately linear relationship between the phase components of seismic data and the properties of subsurface media, we propose an Elastic Wave Phase Inversion in local-scale frequency–wavenumber domain (LFKEPI) method. This method aims to provide robust initial velocity models for EFWI, effectively mitigating

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Nadamoto, Tomonori, Fumiko Fujisawa, Yosuke Ito, and Ryuzo Ikeuchi. "Skipping Breakfast Alters Diurnal Cycle of Salivary Corticosteroids in Humans." Nippon Eiyo Shokuryo Gakkaishi 56, no. 2 (2003): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4327/jsnfs.56.103.

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Ramos-Martínez, Jaime, Lingyun Qiu, Alejandro A. Valenciano, Xiaoyan Jiang, and Nizar Chemingui. "Long-wavelength FWI updates in the presence of cycle skipping." Leading Edge 38, no. 3 (2019): 193–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle38030193.1.

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Full-waveform inversion (FWI) has become the tool of choice for building high-resolution velocity models. Its success depends on producing seamless updates of the short- and long-wavelength model features while avoiding cycle skipping. Classic FWI implementations use the L2 norm to measure the data misfit in combination with a gradient computed by a crosscorrelation imaging condition of the source and residual wavefields. The algorithm risks converging to an inaccurate result if the data lack low frequencies and/or the initial model is far from the true one. Additionally, the model updates may

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Ma, Yong, and Dave Hale. "Wave-equation reflection traveltime inversion with dynamic warping and full-waveform inversion." GEOPHYSICS 78, no. 6 (2013): R223—R233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2013-0004.1.

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In reflection seismology, full-waveform inversion (FWI) can generate high-wavenumber subsurface velocity models but often suffers from an objective function with local minima caused mainly by the absence of low frequencies in seismograms. These local minima cause cycle skipping when the low-wavenumber component in the initial velocity model for FWI is far from the true model. To avoid cycle skipping, we discovered a new wave-equation reflection traveltime inversion (WERTI) to update the low-wavenumber component of the velocity model, while using FWI to only update high-wavenumber details of th

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da Silva, Sérgio Luiz E. F., João M. de Araújo, Erick de la Barra та Gilberto Corso. "A Graph-Space Optimal Transport Approach Based on Kaniadakis κ-Gaussian Distribution for Inverse Problems Related to Wave Propagation". Entropy 25, № 7 (2023): 990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25070990.

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Data-centric inverse problems are a process of inferring physical attributes from indirect measurements. Full-waveform inversion (FWI) is a non-linear inverse problem that attempts to obtain a quantitative physical model by comparing the wave equation solution with observed data, optimizing an objective function. However, the FWI is strenuously dependent on a robust objective function, especially for dealing with cycle-skipping issues and non-Gaussian noises in the dataset. In this work, we present an objective function based on the Kaniadakis κ-Gaussian distribution and the optimal transport

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Yang, Yunan, Björn Engquist, Junzhe Sun, and Brittany F. Hamfeldt. "Application of optimal transport and the quadratic Wasserstein metric to full-waveform inversion." GEOPHYSICS 83, no. 1 (2018): R43—R62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2016-0663.1.

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Conventional full-waveform inversion (FWI) using the least-squares norm as a misfit function is known to suffer from cycle-skipping issues that increase the risk of computing a local rather than the global minimum of the misfit. The quadratic Wasserstein metric has proven to have many ideal properties with regard to convexity and insensitivity to noise. When the observed and predicted seismic data are considered to be two density functions, the quadratic Wasserstein metric corresponds to the optimal cost of rearranging one density into the other, in which the transportation cost is quadratic i

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Li, Yuanyuan, Yunseok Choi, Tariq Alkhalifah, Zhenchun Li, and Kai Zhang. "Full-waveform inversion using a nonlinearly smoothed wavefield." GEOPHYSICS 83, no. 2 (2018): R117—R127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2017-0312.1.

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Conventional full-waveform inversion (FWI) based on the least-squares misfit function faces problems in converging to the global minimum when using gradient methods because of the cycle-skipping phenomena. An initial model producing data that are at most a half-cycle away from the observed data is needed for convergence to the global minimum. Low frequencies are helpful in updating low-wavenumber components of the velocity model to avoid cycle skipping. However, low enough frequencies are usually unavailable in field cases. The multiplication of wavefields of slightly different frequencies add

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17

Williams, Claire G., and J. Edward de Steiguer. "Value of Production Orchards Based on Two Cycles of Breeding and Testing." Forest Science 36, no. 1 (1990): 156–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestscience/36.1.156.

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Abstract As breeding cycles become increasingly shorter, it may not be profitable to install a production seed orchard at the completion of each cycle. Using a case study approach, we compare two mutually exclusive orchard strategies: skipping a third-generation seed orchard (while upgrading an existing second-generation orchard) versus establishing a third-generation orchard. Using net present value as a decision-making criterion, skipping a third-generation loblolly pine orchard is the better strategy when (a) genetic gain in height from third-generation parents is less than or equal to 7% o

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18

Chen, Yuqing, Zongcai Feng, Lei Fu, Abdullah AlTheyab, Shihang Feng, and Gerard Schuster. "Multiscale reflection phase inversion with migration deconvolution." GEOPHYSICS 85, no. 1 (2020): R55—R73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2018-0751.1.

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Reflection full-waveform inversion (RFWI) can recover the low-wavenumber components of the velocity model along with the reflection wavepaths. However, this requires an expensive least-squares reverse time migration (LSRTM) to construct the perturbation image that can still suffer from cycle-skipping problems. As an inexpensive alternative to LSRTM, we use migration deconvolution (MD) with RFWI. To mitigate cycle-skipping problems, we develop a multiscale reflection phase inversion (MRPI) strategy that boosts the low-frequency data and should only explain the phase information in the recorded

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19

Ogata, Hitomi, Masaki Horie, Momoko Kayaba, et al. "Skipping Breakfast for 6 Days Delayed the Circadian Rhythm of the Body Temperature without Altering Clock Gene Expression in Human Leukocytes." Nutrients 12, no. 9 (2020): 2797. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12092797.

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Breakfast is often described as “the most important meal of the day” and human studies have revealed that post-prandial responses are dependent on meal timing, but little is known of the effects of meal timing per se on human circadian rhythms. We evaluated the effects of skipping breakfast for 6 days on core body temperature, dim light melatonin onset, heart rate variability, and clock gene expression in 10 healthy young men, with a repeated-measures design. Subjects were provided an isocaloric diet three times daily (3M) or two times daily (2M, i.e., breakfast skipping condition) over 6 days

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Zhang, Yang, and Biondo Biondi. "Moveout-based wave-equation migration velocity analysis." GEOPHYSICS 78, no. 2 (2013): U31—U39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2012-0082.1.

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Current wave-equation migration velocity analysis schemes suffer from problems such as severe nonlinearity (which causes the issue of cycle skipping) and imprecise objective functions (which can accrue velocity errors by honoring residuals caused by model complexity and incomplete acquisition). To provide an improvement, we developed an alternative method to perform wave-equation migration velocity analysis by maximizing the flatness of the angle-domain common image gathers. We replaced the ray-based tomographic operator with the wave-equation-based one, although keeping the conventional moveo

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Sulzer, Valentin, Peyman Mohtat, Sravan Pannala, Jason B. Siegel, and Anna G. Stefanopoulou. "Accelerated Battery Lifetime Simulations Using Adaptive Inter-Cycle Extrapolation Algorithm." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 168, no. 12 (2021): 120531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac3e48.

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We propose algorithms to speed up physics-based battery lifetime simulations by one to two orders of magnitude compared to the state-of-the-art. First, we propose a reformulation of the Single Particle Model with side reactions to remove algebraic equations and hence reduce stiffness, with 3x speed-up in simulation time (intra-cycle reformulation). Second, we introduce an algorithm that makes use of the difference between the “fast” timescale of battery cycling and the “slow” timescale of battery degradation by adaptively selecting and simulating representative cycles, skipping other cycles, a

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Wang, Guanchao, Sanyi Yuan, and Shangxu Wang. "Retrieving Low-Wavenumber Information in FWI: An Efficient Solution for Cycle Skipping." IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters 16, no. 7 (2019): 1125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lgrs.2019.2892998.

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Yang, Jizhong, Yunyue Elita Li, Yuzhu Liu, Yanwen Wei, and Haohuan Fu. "Mitigating the cycle-skipping of full-waveform inversion by random gradient sampling." GEOPHYSICS 85, no. 6 (2020): R493—R507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2020-0099.1.

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Full-waveform inversion (FWI) is a highly nonlinear and nonconvex problem. To mitigate the dependence of FWI on the quality of starting model and on the low frequencies in the data, we apply the gradient sampling algorithm (GSA) introduced for nonsmooth, nonconvex optimization problems to FWI. The search space is hugely expanded to have more freedom to accommodate large velocity errors in the starting model. The original implementation of GSA requires explicit calculation of the gradient at each sampled vector, which is prohibitively expensive. Based on the observation that a slight perturbati

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Song, Chao, and Tariq Alkhalifah. "A reflection-based efficient wavefield inversion." GEOPHYSICS 86, no. 4 (2021): R497—R508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2019-0664.1.

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Full-waveform inversion (FWI) is popularly used to obtain a high-resolution subsurface velocity model. However, it requires either a good initial velocity model or low-frequency data to mitigate the cycle-skipping issue. Reflection-waveform inversion (RWI) uses a migration/demigration process to retrieve a background model that can be used as a good initial velocity in FWI. The drawback of conventional RWI is that it requires the use of least-squares migration, which is often computationally expensive, and it is still prone to cycle skipping at far offsets. To improve the computational efficie

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Godari Akhila, Asra Shaik, and R. Dinesh Kumar. "Current factors affecting the menstrual cycle." International Journal of Research in Hospital and Clinical Pharmacy 2, no. 1 (2020): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33974/ijrhcp.v2i1.165.

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A regular menstrual cycle is an important indicator of a healthy reproductive system. Menstrual problems affect not only women but also families, social & national economy as well. The menstrual cycle is divided into two 14-day phases. In normal healthy women, menarche occurs between the ages 10 and 16 years, with an average rhythm of 28 days, inclusive of 4–6 days of bleeding, with some common minor variations like Amenorrhoea, Oligomenorrhoea, Polymenorrhoea, Menorrhagia, Hypomenorrhoea, etc., these menstrual disorders frequently affect the quality of life of young adults women, some of

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Liu, Yike, Bin He, Huiyi Lu, Zhendong Zhang, Xiao-Bi Xie, and Yingcai Zheng. "Full-intensity waveform inversion." GEOPHYSICS 83, no. 6 (2018): R649—R658. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2017-0682.1.

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Many full-waveform inversion schemes are based on the iterative perturbation theory to fit the observed waveforms. When the observed waveforms lack low frequencies, those schemes may encounter convergence problems due to cycle skipping when the initial velocity model is far from the true model. To mitigate this difficulty, we have developed a new objective function that fits the seismic-waveform intensity, so the dependence of the starting model can be reduced. The waveform intensity is proportional to the square of its amplitude. Forming the intensity using the waveform is a nonlinear operati

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Fujiwara, Tomoko. "Comprehensive analysis of female reproductive dysfunction induced by clock genes due to asynchronous feeding rhythm." Impact 2022, no. 5 (2022): 28–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2022.5.28.

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Dieting can be harmful, particularly for adolescents who are still developing. For example, diet and reproductive health are closely linked and dieting in adolescence can have long-term effects on reproductive health. Indeed, the incidence of gynaecological disease is rising, in parallel with food skipping and dieting in young women. Dr Tomoko Fujiwara, Department of Human Life Environments, Kyoto Notre Dame University, Japan is exploring the little known links between menstrual pain and eating habits, with a focus on female students. She and her team are interested in the concept of hunger st

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He, Bin, Yike Liu, and Yanbao Zhang. "Improving the least-squares image by using angle information to avoid cycle skipping." GEOPHYSICS 84, no. 6 (2019): S581—S598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2018-0816.1.

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In the past few decades, the least-squares reverse time migration (LSRTM) algorithm has been widely used to enhance images of complex subsurface structures by minimizing the data misfit function between the predicted and observed seismic data. However, this algorithm is sensitive to the accuracy of the migration velocity model, which, in the case of real data applications (generally obtained via tomography), always deviates from the true velocity model. Therefore, conventional LSRTM faces a cycle-skipping problem caused by a smeared image when using an inaccurate migration velocity model. To a

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Kim, Doyeun, Seulki Song, Dae-Yoon Kim, et al. "Exon Skipping of AIMP2 and Lymphomagenesis." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (2018): 2630. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-117596.

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Abstract ARS-interacting multifunctional protein 2 (AIMP2), the component of aminoacyl-tRNA synthase complex, acts as a potent tumor suppressor in conjunction with p53. The second exon deficient AIMP2 generated by alternative splicing mechanism (AIMP2-DX2) induces loses its important role as a signaling modulator. Previously, it predisposes mouse to increase lung cancer, but it did not induce tumorigenesis by itself. To further validate the oncogenic role of AIMP2-DX2 in mouse model, we generated inducible transgenic mouse which express DX2 in doxycycline dependent manner. Unexpectedly, we rep

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Sohail, Muhammad, and Jiuyong Xie. "Evolutionary Emergence of a Novel Splice Variant with an Opposite Effect on the Cell Cycle." Molecular and Cellular Biology 35, no. 12 (2015): 2203–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.00190-15.

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Alternative splicing contributes greatly to the diversification of mammalian proteomes, but the molecular basis for the evolutionary emergence of splice variants remains poorly understood. We have recently found a novel class of splicing regulatory elements between the polypyrimidine tract (Py) and 3′ AG (REPA) at intron ends in many human genes, including the multifunctionalPRMT5(for protein arginine methyltransferase 5) gene. The PRMT5 element is comprised of two G tracts that arise in most mammals and accompany significant exon skipping in human transcripts. The G tracts inhibit splicing by

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Wu, Zedong, and Tariq Alkhalifah. "Selective data extension for full-waveform inversion: An efficient solution for cycle skipping." GEOPHYSICS 83, no. 3 (2018): R201—R211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2016-0649.1.

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Standard full-waveform inversion (FWI) attempts to minimize the difference between observed and modeled data. However, this difference is obviously sensitive to the amplitude of observed data, which leads to difficulties because we often do not process data in absolute units and because we usually do not consider density variations, elastic effects, or more complicated physical phenomena. Global correlation methods can remove the amplitude influence for each trace and thus can mitigate such difficulties in some sense. However, this approach still suffers from the well-known cycle-skipping prob

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Choi, Yunseok, and Tariq Alkhalifah. "Time-domain full-waveform inversion of exponentially damped wavefield using the deconvolution-based objective function." GEOPHYSICS 83, no. 2 (2018): R77—R88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2017-0057.1.

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Full-waveform inversion (FWI) suffers from the cycle-skipping problem when the available frequency-band of data is not low enough. We have applied an exponential damping to the data to generate artificial low frequencies, which helps FWI to avoid cycle skipping. In this case, the least-squares misfit function does not properly deal with the exponentially damped wavefield in FWI because the amplitude of traces decays almost exponentially with increasing offset in a damped wavefield. Thus, we use a deconvolution-based objective function for FWI of the exponentially damped wavefield. The deconvol

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Hess, D., S. Boehm, A. Delmonte, et al. "Clinical development of namitecan (ST1968), a novel camptothecin derivative with high antitumor activity: Phase I clinical data." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (2009): 2570. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.2570.

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2570 Background: Namitecan is a new water-soluble camptothecin analogue which showed high antitumor activity in preclinical models. Aim of this trial was to determine safety, PK profile and activity in adult patients with advanced solid tumors. Methods: The dose escalation started at 2.5 mg i.v. on days 1 and 8 of a 21 day cycle (D1, D8 Q21D) and increased according to 3+3 cohort design depending on the observed toxicity. Dose limiting toxicity (DLT) definitions were: ANC <0.5x109/L for >5 days; PLT ≥ Grade 3 (CTC V3); grade ≥2 liver/renal toxicity not recovered by D22; any non-hematolog

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Amgain, Kapil, and Sujana Neupane. "Effects of Food Habits on Menstrual Cycle among Adolescent Girls." Europasian Journal of Medical Sciences 1, no. 1 (2019): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.46405/ejms.v1i1.35.

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Background: Menstruation, a normal physiological process in a woman’s body is affected by dietary habit and it can arise different menstrual disorders. The aim of this study is to find out the menstrual health status of young females and their association with their food habits. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the nursing students of Maharajgunj Nursing Campus from March 2019 to September 2019.. Pretested and the semistructured questionnaire were used to collect the data regarding menstrual history, dietary habits, fast food intake, and food skipping behavior. HEAT (Health

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Hu, Wenyi, Yuchen Jin, Xuqing Wu, and Jiefu Chen. "Progressive transfer learning for low-frequency data prediction in full-waveform inversion." GEOPHYSICS 86, no. 4 (2021): R369—R382. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2020-0598.1.

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To effectively overcome the cycle-skipping issue in full-waveform inversion (FWI), we have developed a deep neural network (DNN) approach to predict the absent low-frequency (LF) components by exploiting the hidden physical relation connecting the LF and high-frequency (HF) data. To efficiently solve this challenging nonlinear regression problem, two novel strategies are proposed to design the DNN architecture and to optimize the learning process: (1) the dual data feed structure and (2) progressive transfer learning. With the dual data feed structure, not only the HF data, but also the corres

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Zhang, Chao, Cheng Li, and Jian Cai. "Geometrical-Feature-Preserving Adjoint Tomography of Near-Surface Structure with Seismic Early Arrival." Shock and Vibration 2022 (June 22, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3404496.

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Early arrival waveform inversion (EWI) is an essential approach to obtaining velocity structures in near-surface. Due to suffering from a cycle‐skipping issue, it is difficult to reach the global minima for conventional EWI with the misfit function of least-squares norm (L2‐norm). Following the optimal transportation theory, we developed an EWI solution with a new objective function based on quadratic‐Wasserstein‐metric (W2-norm) to maintain the geometric characteristics of the distribution and improve the stability and convexity of the inverse problem. First, we gave the continuous form of th

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Pladys, Arnaud, Romain Brossier, Nishant Kamath, and Ludovic Métivier. "Robust full-waveform inversion with graph-space optimal transport: Application to 3D ocean-bottom cable Valhall data." GEOPHYSICS 87, no. 3 (2022): R261—R280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2021-0268.1.

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Improving full-waveform inversion robustness to cycle-skipping has been the subject of a large number of studies. From the several families of approaches developed, one of the most documented consists in modifying the least-squares distance misfit function. From all the propositions made to improve and replace the least-squares distance, only a few of them have been applied to field data. One of the methods proposed recently, the graph space optimal transport distance, presents appealing properties for field data applications. We compare it with the least-squares distance in an analysis perfor

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Liu, Yike, Bin He, Zhendong Zhang, Yingcai Zheng, and Peng Li. "Reflection intensity waveform inversion." GEOPHYSICS 85, no. 3 (2020): R263—R273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2019-0590.1.

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Traditional iteration-based full-waveform inversion (FWI) methods encounter serious challenges if the initial velocity model is far from the true model or if the observed data are lacking low-frequency content. As such, the optimization algorithm may be trapped in local minima and fail to go to a global optimal model. In addition, the traditional FWI method requires long-offset data to update the deep structure of a velocity model with diving waves. To overcome the disadvantages of traditional FWI under these circumstances, we have developed a reflection intensity waveform inversion method. Th

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Liu, Zhiyang, and Jie Zhang. "Joint traveltime, waveform, and waveform envelope inversion for near-surface imaging." GEOPHYSICS 82, no. 4 (2017): R235—R244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2016-0356.1.

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The first-arrival traveltimes without large offsets constrain very shallow velocities, the waveform envelope presents low-frequency data, and the high-frequency waveform itself includes information regarding structural details. We have developed a joint traveltime, waveform, and waveform envelope (JTWE) inversion method for inverting near-surface velocity structures. By inverting three types of data, we are able to recover the low- and high-wavenumber structures and mitigate the cycle-skipping problem in waveform inversion. The calculation of traveltimes and raypaths is fast. Most of the compu

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Yüksek, Levent, Orkun Özener, and Tarkan Sandalcı. "Cycle-skipping strategies for pumping loss reduction in spark ignition engines: An experimental approach." Energy Conversion and Management 64 (December 2012): 320–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2012.05.025.

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Huang, Guanghui, Rami Nammour, and William W. Symes. "Volume source-based extended waveform inversion." GEOPHYSICS 83, no. 5 (2018): R369—R387. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2017-0330.1.

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Full-waveform inversion (FWI) faces the persistent challenge of cycle skipping, which can result in stagnation of the iterative methods at uninformative models with poor data fit. Extended reformulations of FWI avoid cycle skipping through adding auxiliary parameters to the model so that a good data fit can be maintained throughout the inversion process. The volume-based matched source waveform inversion algorithm introduces source parameters by relaxing the location constraint of source energy: It is permitted to spread in space, while being strictly localized at time [Formula: see text]. The

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Hu, Wenyi, Jiefu Chen, Jianguo Liu, and Aria Abubakar. "Retrieving Low Wavenumber Information in FWI: An Overview of the Cycle-Skipping Phenomenon and Solutions." IEEE Signal Processing Magazine 35, no. 2 (2018): 132–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/msp.2017.2779165.

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Métivier, Ludovic, Aude Allain, Romain Brossier, Quentin Mérigot, Edouard Oudet, and Jean Virieux. "Optimal transport for mitigating cycle skipping in full-waveform inversion: A graph-space transform approach." GEOPHYSICS 83, no. 5 (2018): R515—R540. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2017-0807.1.

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Optimal transport distance has been recently promoted as a tool to measure the discrepancy between observed and seismic data within the full-waveform-inversion strategy. This high-resolution seismic imaging method, based on a data-fitting procedure, suffers from the nonconvexity of the standard least-squares discrepancy measure, an issue commonly referred to as cycle skipping. The convexity of the optimal transport distance with respect to time shifts makes it a good candidate to provide a more convex misfit function. However, the optimal transport distance is defined only for the comparison o

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Hasselmo, Michael E. "Neuronal rebound spiking, resonance frequency and theta cycle skipping may contribute to grid cell firing in medial entorhinal cortex." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 369, no. 1635 (2014): 20120523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2012.0523.

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Data show a relationship of cellular resonance and network oscillations in the entorhinal cortex to the spatial periodicity of grid cells. This paper presents a model that simulates the resonance and rebound spiking properties of entorhinal neurons to generate spatial periodicity dependent upon phasic input from medial septum. The model shows that a difference in spatial periodicity can result from a difference in neuronal resonance frequency that replicates data from several experiments. The model also demonstrates a functional role for the phenomenon of theta cycle skipping in the medial ent

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Lee, Donguk, and Sukjoon Pyun. "Seismic full-waveform inversion using minimization of virtual scattering sources." GEOPHYSICS 85, no. 3 (2020): R299—R311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2019-0533.1.

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Full-waveform inversion (FWI) is a powerful tool for imaging underground structures with high resolution; however, this approach commonly suffers from the cycle-skipping issue. Recently, various FWI methods have been suggested to address this problem. Such methods are mainly classified into either data-space manipulation or model-space extension. We developed an alternative FWI method that belongs to the latter class. First, we define the virtual scattering source based on perturbation theory. The virtual scattering source is estimated by minimizing the differences between observed and simulat

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Sun, Mengyao, Jie Zhang, and Wei Zhang. "Alternating first-arrival traveltime tomography and waveform inversion for near-surface imaging." GEOPHYSICS 82, no. 4 (2017): R245—R257. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2016-0576.1.

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Near-surface seismic imaging often plays a significant role in producing quality data processing results for the deep subsurface in land and shallow marine environments. First-arrival traveltime tomography is a common approach for near-surface imaging due to its high efficiency and simplicity. However, the method faces issues of missing hidden layers and resolving the structures with low resolution. On the other hand, waveform inversion should offer better solutions for dealing with these issues, but it may suffer from the cycle-skipping problem. We intend to use the advantages and reduce the

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Pandey, Manishi, Gary D. Stormo, and Susan K. Dutcher. "Alternative Splicing During the Chlamydomonasreinhardtii Cell Cycle." G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics 10, no. 10 (2020): 3797–810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/g3.120.401622.

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Genome-wide analysis of transcriptome data in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii shows periodic patterns in gene expression levels when cultures are grown under alternating light and dark cycles so that G1 of the cell cycle occurs in the light phase and S/M/G0 occurs during the dark phase. However, alternative splicing, a process that enables a greater protein diversity from a limited set of genes, remains largely unexplored by previous transcriptome based studies in C. reinhardtii. In this study, we used existing longitudinal RNA-seq data obtained during the light-dark cycle to investigate the changes

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LAGRUE, C., and R. POULIN. "Lack of seasonal variation in the life-history strategies of the trematode Coitocaecum parvum: no apparent environmental effect." Parasitology 135, no. 10 (2008): 1243–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182008004782.

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SUMMARYParasites with complex life cycles have developed numerous and very diverse adaptations to increase the likelihood of completing this cycle. For example, some parasites can abbreviate their life cycles by skipping the definitive host and reproducing inside their intermediate host. The resulting shorter life cycle is clearly advantageous when definitive hosts are absent or rare. In species where life-cycle abbreviation is facultative, this strategy should be adopted in response to seasonally variable environmental conditions. The hermaphroditic trematode Coitocaecum parvum is able to mat

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Li, Chao, Guochang Liu, and Yong Deng. "Nonstationary phase-corrected full-waveform inversion with attenuation compensation in viscoacoustic medium." Journal of Geophysics and Engineering 19, no. 4 (2022): 724–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jge/gxac046.

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Abstract Full-waveform inversion (FWI) acts as an effective technique to estimate subsurface parameter by iteratively reducing the difference between the predictions and the observations. The classic FWI suffers from the problem of converging to the local minimum when the starting model is poor, which is known as the notorious cycle skipping phenomenon. Moreover, due to the anelasticity of the earth, seismic waves always suffer from energy dissipation and phase distortion while their propagation, which leads to an attenuated gradient for FWI, decelerates the convergence rate of the inversion p

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Sengupta, Shouvonik, Kelsi O. West, Laura Agosto-Rosa, et al. "Role of PRMT5 on splicing events in T cell biology." Journal of Immunology 206, no. 1_Supplement (2021): 25.04. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.206.supp.25.04.

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Abstract Protein Arginine Methyltransferase (PRMT) 5 catalyzes symmetric dimethylation of arginine, a post-translational modification involved in cancer and embryonic development. The mechanisms by which PRMT5 modulates T helper (Th) cell activity are still not completely understood. Here we find that PRMT5 in T cells promotes spliceosome component methylation and influences splicing in resting and activated cells. RNAseq of resting and activated wildtype (WT) and PRMT5-knockout (KO) CD4 T cells show the breadth of pathways affected by knockout of PRMT5. Importantly, metabolic processing, sign

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