Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Cyclone appareil'
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Mercadier, Jacques. "Décomposition thermique des isocyanurates : application à la préparation d'acide isocyanique par sublimation et pyrolyse d'acide isocyanurique en réacteur cyclone." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPL121N.
Full textReinhardt, Bruno. "Compréhension et évaluation du comportement des suspensions gaz-solide à forte charge dans les techniques de séparation aéraulique." Valenciennes, 1996. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/a37df539-7e5e-4347-b8e6-7f15fd2cfb0f.
Full textLaurenson, Nathalie Dap François. "L'enseignement sur la pathologie de l'appareil locomoteur dans le troisième cycle de médecine générale contenu pédagogique et évaluation du séminaire par les étudiants /." [S.l] : [s.n], 2004. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCDMED_T_2004_LAURENSON_NATHALIE.pdf.
Full textHartley, Alice C. (Alice Catherine). "Sustainability in the product cycle : adopting a shared standard for the apparel industry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/72910.
Full textCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-69).
Decisions made by product designers strongly influence the social and environmental impacts that a consumer product will have over its lifetime. This study examines the Sustainable Apparel Index, a decision-support tool that aims to clarify environmental trade-offs and reduce overall product impacts within the apparel industry. As an example of the broad potential for shared industry standards, the Apparel Index is compared to other, company-specific apparel tools, which exist to integrate environmental knowledge into the product creation process. Based on this comparative analysis as well as primary research within the industry, the thesis draws the following conclusions: 1) There are ways to make tools more user-friendly for designers, by paying attention to collaboration types and decision-making systems. 2) It is important to maintain existing workflow; embedding intelligence into tools and processes can help. 3) Efforts to share resources should focus on certain elements of knowledge and decision-making systems, where sharing will add the most value. 4) There is a key trade-off between speed and transparency, so shared tools should allow for flexibility according to user preferences. The study concludes with three recommendations for ways to improve the Sustainable Apparel Index, increasing its utility for product designers. In addition to suggesting improvements to future versions of the Apparel Index, the findings described here are relevant to other consumer goods industries such as electronics, toys, and furniture, which feature supply chains of a similar global scope.
by Alice C. Hartley.
M.B.A.
Dupont, Maxime William. "Potentiel d’économies d’énergie par les services énergétiques – Application au cycle de vie des équipements de conversion de l’énergie." Paris, ENMP, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ENMP1442.
Full textEnergy efficiency services are growing in Europe but their role is still limited. In order to evaluate the potential, we focused first of all on policy, economical and environmental mechanisms that support their development. European natural gas and electricity markets, that are now almost wholly deregulated, are analysed and compared to their historical structure. By introducing uncertainty on energy prices, this new deal translates better the real energy costs. Energy performance contracts (EPC) limit the impact of these uncertainties on the customer energy bills by guaranteeing a financial result. As a result of the modelling of these contracts, namely operation and maintenance ones, we prove that they transfer technical and financial risks from building owners to energy service companies (ESCO) making energy saving measures easier and less expensive at the same time. These contracts are relatively widespread for heating or compressed-air processes but remain marginal for air-conditioning systems. So new methods were needed to guarantee on the long terms the efficiency of air-conditioning systems demand (1) to master the process and its performances and (2) to be able to determine precisely the energy saving potential and its realisation costs. A detailed energy audit is thus necessary for which we propose a guidance. Conclusions of audits carried out prove that energy saving potential is mainly located in equipment management and control. These optimisations are not always carried out because of a lack of contractual incentive and due to the weaknesses of audit methods. Through the involvement of an independent expert, the mandatory and regular inspection of air-conditioning systems may allow to verify and guide such practices. A three-step analysis procedure has been developed in order to maximise the inspection potential and to get higher benefits from service contracts
Bianchi, Francisco Soares. "Working capital liability of foreignness: the apparel retail experience in Brazil." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/25692.
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Purpose: To provide propositions regarding how juxtaposing two well-known and established theories might impact the way firms venture when entering into new international markets. Design/Methodology/Approach: Building on exploratory and inductive research and on multiple cases and on work in related disciplines and on 18 field interviews with managers and C-level executives in diverse functions and organizations. Findings: Provide empirical support from interviews on the case studies to corroborate with the three propositions and compare amongst the observed practices what could be done differently to mitigate WCLOF (Working Capital Liability of Foreignness). The first proposition is presented regarding how the Liability of Foreignness (LOF) plays a role when international firms are managing their Working Capital (WC) of a subunit in a host market, using six qualitative case studies from three international players and three local competitors; the second proposition is related to if firms overcome LOF over time when, using the same three international players in qualitative case studies to observe how they have been evolving is the new host market regarding their WC improvement and; the third proposition is whether the international players might carry an advantage when establishing a subunit in a new host market, considering again the same three international players in qualitative case studies. Research Limitations: Further research is necessary into different markets other than Brazil and / or different industries other than the apparel / fashion retailing. Broader survey, with statistical generalization, might validate the propositions presented. Practical Implications: The propositions could serve as a managerial tool for identifying WCLOF, thus also for assisting to overcome it. Originality/value: given the novelty in bringing these two existing theories juxtaposed in academic literature, it demanded inductive research to assist uniqueness findings.
Propósito: Prover proposições a respeito de como duas conhecidas and estabelecidas teorias justapostas poodem impactar as firmas ao entrar em novos mercados internacionais. Design / Metodologia / Abordagem: a partir de pesquisa exploratória e indutiva e em casos múltiplos, em temas relacionados e em 18 entrevistas de campo com gestores e executivos em diversas funções e organizações. Resultados: prover base empírica a partir de entrevistas sobre os estudos de caso para corroborar com as três proposições e comparar, entre as práticas observadas, o que poderia ser feito de forma diferente para mitigar o WCLOF (Working Capital Liability of Foreignness). A primeira proposição é sobre o papel que Liability of Foreignness (LOF) desempenha quando as firmas internacionais gerenciam seu Capital de Giro (WC) de uma subunidade em um mercado estrangeiro, a com base em seis estudos de caso qualitativos de três competidores internacionais e três pares locais; a segunda proposição é a se as empresas superam o LOF ao longo do tempo, com base nos mesmos pares internacionais em estudos de caso qualitativos para observar como eles, no novo mercado estrangeito em relação ao aprimoramento de seus WC; a terceira proposição é se as firmas internacionais podem trazer uma vantagem ao estabelecer uma subunidade em um novo mercado estrangeiro, considerando novamente as mesmos três firmas internacionais em estudos de casos qualitativos Limitações de pesquisa: Pesquisas adicionais são necessárias em diferentes mercados, exceto no Brasil e / ou em diferentes indústrias, além do varejo de vestuário / moda. Um levantamento mais amplo, com testes estatísticos, pode validar as proposições apresentadas. Implicações Práticas: As proposições poderiam servir como uma ferramenta gerencial para identificar o WCLOF, assim também para ajudar a superá-lo. Originalidade / valor: dada o ineditismo em avaliar essas duas teorias existentes justapostas na literatura acadêmica, foram requeridas pesquisas indutivas para auxiliar a novidade das descobertas.
Doucet, Sandrine. "Etude fonctionnelle de RhoG, une petite GTPase apparentée a Rac et Cdc42. Localisation sub-cellulaire et caractérisation de partenaires et effecteurs." Montpellier 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON1T030.
Full textNagashima, Masayasu. "La collaboration au sein de la supply chain, en tenant compte du cycle de vie du produit et du choix du revendeur : Une série d'études de cas du fabricant japonais et de ses revendeurs français dans l'industrie des appareils électriques." Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010062.
Full textMassarweh, Ahmad. "Dolichol linked Oligosaccharide Diphosphatase : a potential regulator of dolichol linked oligosaccharides." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066447.
Full textBACKGROUND: Type I congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG-I) are caused by genetic defects in the biosynthetic pathway for the dolichol-linked oligosaccharide (DLO) that is required for protein N-glycosylation. These mutations result in the accumulation of truncated DLO and protein hypoglycosylation. Although protein hypoglycosylation is thought to be the main pathogenic factor in CDG-I, the role of truncated DLO intermediates in cellular homeostasis is not clear. Truncated DLO intermediates are known to give rise to cytoplasmic oligosaccharyl phosphates (OSP) by an uncharacterized mechanism. To understand this DLO editing process biochemical and molecular characterization of the activity that generate OSP is needed.RESULTS: I biochemically characterized a DLO diphosphatase (DLODP) that generates OSP and dolichol phosphate from DLO. Subcellular fractionation of mouse liver homogenates demonstrated a microsomal activity that co-distributes with a Golgi apparatus (GA) marker but not with endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-situated dolichol phosphate utilizing enzymes. This unexpected localization of DLODP prompted me to study OSP generation in cells using brefeldin A (BFA), which fuses the GA with the ER. BFA did not affect the levels of truncated DLO or cytoplasmic OSP, present in a cellular model of CDG-I. However, in these, and control cells, BFA caused striking increases of OSP within the endomembrane system. CONCLUSION: the identification of topologically distinct, independently modulated, OSP pools indicates multiple mechanisms for OSP generation and suggest that the GA-situated DLODP may not be the enzyme responsible for OSP generation in CDG-I
Lelièvre, Claude. "Développement et fonctionnement des enseignements post-élémentaires dans la Somme de 1850 à 1914 : mise à l'épreuve des théories relatives aux appareils idéologiques d'État." Paris 5, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA05H021.
Full textLeite, Roberta. "Cycles ovarien et menstruel : répercussion de l'agression nutritionnelle précoce sur des paramètres locomoteurs chez la rate et conséquences sur les propriétés neuromécaniques de femmes jeunes." Compiègne, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00410429.
Full textIn this thesis, an experimental study of the effect of perinatal malnutrition was realized on locomotor parameters in female adult rats during the estrous cycle. Female Wistar newborn rats were separated from the mothers an day after birth. Wistar rat pups were randomly distributed, at birth, from two different groups: Normal nourished group; (N, n = 30); and large Malnourished group; (M, n = 48). The animals remained this way from 1st to 21st day of life. After weaning, the mater-rats were sacrificed and the pups were divided in 6. The groups with 12 females were divided in two groups: A and B after weaning and the groups with 6 females remained in same way. From 1st to 21st day of life, somatical growth and maturation of the physical characteristics were evaluated in animals. The estrous cycle phases were determined by smear vaginal rats during 60 to 90 days of age. The histological observation of the estrous cycle phases was evaluated as well. In 60 days the rats were regrouped in nourished fertile (NF), nourished unfertile (NU), malnourished fertile (MF), and malnourished unfertile (MU) and submitted to locomotor activity. In 90 gays of age, the rats were separated in nourished groups (n=8) and malnourished (n=12) and after they were mated. On 15th of pregnancy, the females of both groups were weighted, sacrificed and the reproductive tract was dissected to count the corpus luteus in two ovaries, counting of viable embryos in two uterine horns and the ovary weight was measured. There were reduction of somatical growth and retardation in maturation of the physical characteristics. In histological observation there were alteration of the proportions of the cell types found in estrous cycle phases of malnourished rats. In locomotor activity the parameters of the distances, medium potency, and medium velocity were reduced in malnourished rats. The estrous cycle phases did not affect the locomotor parameters in both groups. In fetal viability the maternal weight on 15th day of gestation, the weight of uterus, the number of viable fetus and non-viable fetus were not modified by perinatal malnutrition. In the following step, in human beings, the effects of possible variations in the menstrual cycle on the force, the voluntary activation and the reflex excitability in sural triceps muscle group in young women. Nine volunteers (21-38 years of age), with regular menstrual cycle, without using hormonal contraceptive participated in the study. After familiarization sessions, they were tested during the menstrual phases (1st day of bleeding), ovular (15th days after the bleeding) and luteal (22nd days after the bleeding) of the menstrual cycle and examine the anthropometric measures and basal body temperature. Portable ergometer (passive tests) and a fixed ergometer (motor and reflex tests) were used. To the passive strength test the young volunteers were kept with the knee extended and the investigator made a movement of dorsiflexion (speed 2°// s) until the maximum plantar flexion, returning to dorsiflexion with the same speed. We analyzed the parameters of Range of motion (°), passive force (Nm), maximum dorsiflexion (°), passive stiffness (Nm /°) and area under the curve of dorsiflexion (Nm°). To the reflex and the motor tests the younger were positioned on a chair with an adjustable card support for the foot and adjusted to the angles of knee joints and the heel. We analyzed the parameters of tendinous reflex (Tmax and Tmin), of Hoffman (Hmax), maximum motor response (Mmax), maximum voluntary contraction (MVC), Twitch Interpolar (TI) and neuromuscular effectiveness for the reflex response and Tmax and for the Mmax response. In liability tests no parameter was changed during the phases of the menstrual cycle except the maximum dorsiflexion or passive position and the area under the curve of dorsiflexion that were significantly higher during the ovular phase. All analyzed parameters as kinetics of the muscular quake, the amplitudes and latencies Tmax, Tmin, Hmax, Mmax, were not affected by the phases of the menstrual cycle. The ENM for Tmax and Mmax did not change during the phases of the menstrual cycle. The CVM, the EMG-force, the lack of activation, enabling voluntary and potential post-activation were not affected by the phases of the menstrual cycle
Martinez, Sylvain. "Evaluation du coût global d'un produit par le couplage de ses performances environnemnetales et économiques." Troyes, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TROY0013.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to analyze the economic aspects of eco-design, so as to develop tools with the purpose of initiating a discussion between the people in charge of eco-design, top management and financial executives, as well as developing a business case for customers. If eco-design can improve the ecological footprint of a product, by acting directly at the design stage, the additional costs are usually the only elements visible at first. Eco-design couples an intelligent and an ecological redesign; it is thus possible that a eco-designed product will yield economic gains at one or all of the life cycle stages of for society as a whole. Conversely if its global cost is higher than the cost of a standard product, one can legitimately want to know what stages of the life cycle are concerned. This thesis proposes a methodology which combines tools which provide answers to these questions, by comparing a standard product with an eco-designed one. The following tools are combined with each other: manufacturing cost calculations, life cycle costing, life cycle analysis, external cost evaluation. The methodology was tested on two Schneider Electric products: an insulating tie rod, and a medium voltage circuit breaker. For each case study, a standard product was compared to an eco-designed one
Almahbobi, Ghanim. "Evolution morphologique et fonctionnelle des tissus steroidogenes des gonades equines." Caen, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CAEN2018.
Full textVeiga, Eduarda Regina da. "Avaliação de ciclo de vida de confeccionado de poliamida desde a obtenção da matéria-prima até o descarte final utilizando o software LCA SimaPro 8.1.16 Faculty." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/100/100133/tde-29082017-155933/.
Full textThe sustainability of the planet is collective responsibility and actions to improve the global environment are necessary and imply the adoption of sustainable production and consumption practices. Development of Textile and Confection incorporates technologies in the fields of physical, chemical and biological sciences necessary to the sector\'s activities, from obtaining the raw material, production of yarn and fabric and their finishes, consuming large amounts of resources and energy . Sustainable Development to expand economic focus to environmental and social dimensions of production processes and services led to a systemic view of the inputs and outputs of the production process and its environmental consequences, structuring the concept of product life cycle (LCA). The aim of this study is to evaluate the life cycle of a woman\'s pants made of polyamide fabric, used as a uniform average state school in Parana, from cradle to grave, with 3 possibilities for disposal. A case study was performed to verify the application feasibility of LCA tool for assessing the environmental impact of the final product through ACL SimaPro 8.1.16 Faculty software. Data collection was conducted through a questionnaire, based on the guidelines of ISO 14040 which determine the general phases and procedures of the execution of an LCA study, to identify the productive structure of the clothing firm allowing the quantitative survey data for the production process, the identification of the inputs and outputs of materials and energy, and the quantification of waste generated. Some information was taken from the inventory database processes available in the software used for this study. The evaluation of the polyamide trousers life cycle was based on the International System Manual Data Reference on the lifecycle of products and processes (ILCD). Tabulation of the product data was performed in SimaPro8.1.16Faculty software. The selected inventory database was Ecoinvent v.2 and to perform impact analysis was adopted impact generated method Eco-indicator 99. The LCA SimaPro 8.1.16 Faculty software was efficient tool for the realization of assessment of the life cycle of the polyamide pants with three disposal scenarios, allowing the analysis of impacts on the category of damage to human health, ecosystem quality and resources, enabling the analysis of environmental load by impact category, according to which it proposed to ISO 14042 on the selection of elements to define categories for the phase evaluation
Nassour, Ibrahim. "Depot et mobilisation des lipides corporels au cours du cycle sexuel chez la truite arc-en-ciel : effets d'une carence en acides gras essentiels sur la composition en acides gras des differents tissus." Paris 7, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA077128.
Full textAmeknassi, Lhoussaine. "Stratégie de mise en œuvre de l'éco-conception : aspects techniques & organisationnels." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/23404.
Full textBouzrara, Ali. "Etude expérimentale des éjecteurs : Application à la récupération de l'énergie de détente des machines frigorifiques au CO2." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSEI065/document.
Full textNatural refrigerants used in refrigeration and air conditioning have low GWP and are therefore a real alternative to HFCs. However, their generalization comes up against limits due to their toxic (NH3), flammable (hydrocarbons, NH3) or their unfavorable thermodynamic characteristics (CO2). Their increased use requires the implementation of specific components (intermediate heat exchangers, ejector) which without performance would be lower than those obtained with HFCs (COPCO2 = 55% of COPHFC-134a for temperatures source of 0 °C and 40 °C). The use of an ejector as an expansion device is a solution considered to reduce irreversibility. Two-phase ejector has been an interesting alternative for conventional expansion devices for several decades. The main advantage of the ejector is to recover some of the kinetic energy of the process of expansion from high pressure to low pressure to increase the suction pressure of the compressor. This results in a reduction of the work consumed by the latter and, consequently, an increase in the coefficient of performance of the system. Nevertheless, a good design of a two-phase ejector requires a detailed analysis in terms of numerical simulations and experimental work. Thus, the objective of this work is to make an experimental contribution to the study of transcritical CO2refrigeration machines equipped with two-phase ejector. Significant efforts have been invested in the design of a two-phase ejector with various geometries to evaluate the main characteristics namely the entrainment ratio and the compression ratio. The tests carried out made it possible to highlight the influence of the various geometrical parameters on the performances of the machine (different diameters of the throat of the primary nozzle, different mixers diameters and lengths, distance between the exit of the primary nozzle and the inlet of the mixer, the divergence angle of the primary nozzles ...) as well as the thermodynamic parameters (evaporation temperature, temperature at the inlet of the primary nozzle)
Najac, Chloé. "Spectroscopie RMN du 1H pondérée en diffusion, du 13C et du 17O : développements méthodologiques pour l’étude de la structure et de la fonction cellulaire in vivo." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112242/document.
Full textMagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy is a unique tool that allows acquiring brain biochemical profiles and quantifying many cellular parameters in vivo. During this thesis, three different techniques have been developed: (i) 1H diffusion-weighted, (ii) carbone-13 (13C) and (iii) oxygen-17 (17O) NMR spectroscopy to study brain structure and function in vivo. Brain metabolites are cell-specific endogeneous tracers of the intracellular space whose translational diffusion depends on many cellular properties (e.g.: cytosol vicosity and intracellular restriction). Studying the variation of the diffusion coefficient (ADC) as a function of diffusion time (td) allows untangling and quantifying those parameters. In particular, measuring metabolites ADC at long diffusion times gives information about the metabolites compartmentation in cells. In a first study, we measured neuronal and astrocytic metabolites ADC over a large time window (from ~80 ms to ~1 s) in a large voxel in the macaque brain. No dependence of all metabolites ADC on td was observed suggesting that metabolites primarily diffuse in neuronal (dendrites and axons) and astrocytic processes and are not confined inside the cell body and organelles (nucleus, mitochondria). The large size of the voxel, due to low detection sensitivity, did not allow us to study metabolites compartmentation in pure white (WM) and grey matters (GM). Therefore, we performed a new study in the human brain. Results showed that in both WM and GM metabolites diffuse in fiber-like cell structure. Finally, using an even larger time window (up to 2 s) in the macaque brain and analytical models mimicking the cell structure, we estimated the length of neuronal (~110 μm) and astrocytic (~70 μm) processes. ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the main source of energy in the organism, is produced thanks to glucose oxidation inside the mitochondria. 13C NMR spectroscopy is a well-known technique to study brain energy metabolism and can be used to estimate the rate of glucose degradation within the Krebs cycle (VTCA). However, many limitations, concerning data modeling when performing indirect detection or power deposition due to heteronuclear decoupling during direct detection, were encountered on our MRI scanner. Therefore, 17O NMR spectroscopy was developed to quantify the rate of oxygen consumption during oxidative phosphorylation (CMRO2). Methodological and technological developments were necessary and are still ongoing to validate this technique, which has never been used with macaque
Abbas, Imane. "Etude de l'activation métabolique par la fraction organique d'un aérosol atmosphérique particulaire et de ses conséquences génotoxiques dans un modèle de co-culture de cellules pulmonaires humaines." Littoral, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010DUNK0282.
Full textWhether it is from anthropogenic or natural origin, air pollution is described as one of the major risk factors affecting the human health. Fine Particulate Matter (PM2. 5) is the main responsable to this atmospheric pollution. The objective of our research project consisted to determine the toxicity of the PM2. 5 collected in Dunkerque in terms of metabolic activation, genotoxicity, and cell cycle alterations, in two cell models : a human embryonic lung epithelial cell line (L132) and human Alveolar Macrophages (AM) isolated from broncho-alveolar lavages within healthy outpatients. Therefore, we developed a co-culture model using these two cell types in order to better integrate the cell heterogeneity of the alveoli. The atmospheric particles proved to be able to induce the gene expression of various phase I and phase II metabolism enzymes (CYP1A1, CYP2E1, CYP2F1, EHm, NQO1, GSTµ1 et GSTµ3) in human MA in both mon and co-culture and in L132 cells, only in monoculture. Our results showed also the genotoxicity of the aerosol through the formation of the DNA bulky adducts in human MA in mono and co-culture as well as in L132 cells in co-culture. In contrast, no DNA bulky adduct was reported in L132 cells in monoculture. In addition, a Loss of Heterozygosity (LOH) and/or a MicroSatellite Instability (MSI) of some microsatellites located on the short-arm of the chromosome 3 were observed in 30 to 40% of L132 cells in monoculture 72 hours after their exposure to PM2. 5. As a consequence, significant alterations of the gene expression and/or protein concentration of some of the key protein controllers involved in the TP53-RB gene signaling pathway were reported in the two cell models, in mono-cultures or in co-cultures. This work consequently contributed to the improvment of the knowledge about the adverse lung effects of environmental exposure. However, the better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of action involved in the toxicity of the atmospheric pollutants on the respiratory system still remains opened and should be completed
Benouali, Jugurtha. "Etude et minimisation des consommations des systèmes de climatisation automobile." Paris, ENMP, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ENMP1107.
Full textTran, Johanna. "Polyesters Fonctionnels par Polymérisation Radicalaire par Ouverture de Cycle, une Plateforme Nanoparticulaire pour la Délivrance de Principe Actif pour les Maladies Cardiovasculaires." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS563.
Full textAccording to the World Health Organization (WHO), cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. In a context where non-surgical therapy involves active molecules administration at high doses, circumventing possible toxic side effects and increasing the therapeutic effect is a major challenge. Thus, the use of drug-loaded polymeric nanoparticles may represent a potential solution to this problem. For drug delivery and/or tissue engineering applications, polymers should follow some criteria: (i) biodegradability; (ii) biocompatibility; (iii) uniformity of the polymer chain and (iv) possibility of functionalization with molecules of interest. As such, degradable copolymers were obtained by radical ring-opening copolymerization (rROP) between cyclic ketene acetals (CKAs) and vinylic monomers and fulfilled all those criteria. Indeed, CKAs are cyclic monomers which open through a radical mechanism and give degradable ester functions in the polymer backbone upon polymerization. Besides well-known CKAs (e.g., 2-methylene-1,3-dioxepane (MDO), and 2-methylene-4-phenyl-1,3-dioxolane (MPDL)), a crucial need for new CKAs that would be more hydrophilic and/or with new functionalities has recently emerged. Therefore, synthesis of new CKAs was investigated.In addition, the rROP of MDO and vinyl ether (VE) derivatives was predicted to be quasi-ideal by Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations and subsequently confirmed experimentally. Thus, this system gave the opportunity to obtain polyester-like copolymers, especially polycaprolactone-like polymers, highly functional from the use of functional VE derivatives. Hydrolytic degradation of the resulting P(MDO-co-VE) was investigated under accelerated and physiological conditions. Copolymers showed tunable degradation rate as a function of the MDO content and of the nature of the VE. Hydrolysis in physiological conditions of P(MDO-co-VE) copolymers led to a degradation rate comprised between those obtained for polylactide (PLA) and PCL, both approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Enzymatic degradation by lipases Candida antartica was also studied, leading to nearly complete degradation in 48 h. In addition to be hydrolytically and enzymatically degradable, a strong advantage of P(MDO-co-VE) copolymers rely in their easiness of functionalization via the use of various VE moieties, leading to efficient grafting by small molecules or macromolecules such as poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chains; either after polymerization (“grafting to” approach) or before polymerization (“grafting through” approach). Physicochemical properties were finely tuned enabling the formulation of stable nanoparticles suitable for drug delivery purpose
Hininger-Favier, Isabelle. "Intervention des radicaux libres dans la cardiotoxicité de l'éthanol." Paris 7, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA077266.
Full textYvorra, Alain. "Croissance folliculaire et developpement du corps jaune chez le lezard vivipare, lacerta vivipara jacquin : evolution au cours du cycle sexuel et analyse des mecanismes de regulation." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066270.
Full textBriot, Pascal. "Etudes in vivo et in vitro de la biosynthèse des œstrogènes chez la hase (Lepus europaeus)." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066159.
Full textPalma-Lopez, David. "Contribution à l'étude des potentialités agricoles et des flux azotés dans divers sols cultivés en maïs." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1994. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1994_PALMA_LOPEZ_D.pdf.
Full textNakamura, Toshio, Masayo Minami, Yoshiki Miyata, 俊夫 中村, 雅代 南, and 佳樹 宮田. "見かけ上の炭素年代差を用いた環境解析 : 淡水湖産貝,骨試料を例として." 名古屋大学年代測定資料研究センター, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/16513.
Full textHéraud, Lorène. "Nouveaux alliages de titane superélastiques pour la fabrication de limes endodontiques : du matériau au prototype." Thesis, Rennes, INSA, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ISAR0016.
Full textThe NiTi (Nitinol) is the only alloy used for the manufacture of medical devices that require a shape memory effect or superelasticity, such as orthodontic arch wires, stents, catheters and osteosynthesis staples. The superelasticity is the ability of an alloy to deform reversibly much more than a conventional alloy. This is due to a reversible stress induced martensitic transformation between two crystallographic phases: austenite and martensite. NiTi is widely used in the manufacture of endodontic files, a medical device used in dentistry. The endodontic files are used to shape the root canal system and the superelasticity of the tool is necessary to follow very bent root canals. However, the use of NiTi suffers from several drawbacks, including the recognized toxicity of nickel but also its brittle character and its difficulty to manufacture. Some metastable β titanium alloys also exhibit superelastic properties. The advantage is that they can be elaborated with only biocompatible elements (i.e. Nb, Hf, Mo, Zr & Sn). Therefore, they are promising candidates for medical applications. The objective of this thesis is to determine the potential interest of metastable β titanium alloys for the production of endodontic files. Three classes of alloys were studied: the NiTi used in the manufacture of current endodontic files; a commercially available metastable β titanium alloy, the Beta III, whose composition is Ti-11,5Mo-6Zr-4,5Sn (weight %); and original metastable β titanium alloys developed in the laboratory, Ti2448 and Ti2334 having respective compositions of Ti-24Nb-4Zr-8Sn (weight %) and Ti-23Hf-3Mo-4Sn (atomic %). In this study, the influence of composition and thermomechanical treatments on the mechanical properties and on the stress induced martensitic transformation, responsible for the superelastic behavior, was studied. Stress induced martensitic transformation and its reversibility were most deeply studied by in situ X-ray diffraction analysis under synchrotron radiation. In all medical devices, it is needed to prevent accidental failure during use, therefore a high resistance to cyclic loading is necessary to avoid fatigue fractures in the canal system. This has led to study the fatigue behavior of alloys and the changes in their mechanical and superelastic responses during cycles. Finally, the behavior of alloys once manufactured into prototypes was evaluated with the company’s equipment and procedures
Morel, Frédéric. "Etude experimentale du controle d'une famille de proteines de secretion d'un organe androgeno-dependant : l'epididyme de lezard." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CLF21074.
Full textKristjónsdóttir, Marta Karen. "Shaping the Climate Action trajectory within the Fashion Industry : a case study of a Small Medium Sized Enterprise." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Naturresurser och hållbar utveckling, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-388637.
Full textBreuiller, Michelle. "Les recepteurs adrenergiques dans le myometre humain gravide : implication des recepteurs beta-adrenergiques chez la rate au moment de la parturition." Paris 7, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA077019.
Full textPrud'Homme, Marie-Jeanne. "Contribution a l'etude des mecanismes de regulation de la motricite uterine chez la brebis." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066591.
Full textYang, Pei Chi, and 楊珮琪. "A Study of Bicycle Consumers Preferences for Cycling Apparel Product Attributes." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47234873954987035718.
Full text輔仁大學
織品服裝學系碩士班
105
The study of consumers’ preferences for cycling apparel product attributes was inspired by recent years due to the popularity of this activity at the weekends, plus global environment has been dramatically polluted by human nature. It has caused rapid global climate change and the gradual shortage of natural resources. Therefore many people have started paying attention to saving energy or reducing their carbon footprint, this helps lifestyle, health and sustainability concepts which have become more and more popular in recent years. This undeniable consumer power has attracted multinational corporations as well as small to medium enterprises proceeding to cooperate in the undertaking of social responsibility. Many developed countries are now promoting environmental protection and as well as encouraging people to engage in wholesome sports. Specifically, the promotion of riding bicycles is greatly helpful in reducing pollution and carbon emission. As well as to encouraging people to ride their own bikes and further more to promote and extend public bicycle users such as U-Bike. The river side cycling path has existed for a number of years and has been recently developed in more and more counties. For instance, more and more people are riding bicycles on weekends in Taipei and New Taipei City. Most riders’ preferences have gradually increased, but they are unsatisfied with basic outfits such as climate, type of bicycle, bicycles apparel and relevant facilities. Particularly, bicycles apparel has directly impacted riding comfort and performance. How to classify and improve the performance of bicycle apparel has become gradually valued by more and more riders. Therefore, this study investigates in groups of bicycle riders object news, past literature and web information to sum up the results of twenty-three attributes. In addition, based on demographic variables issuance of questionnaires and after having used the SPSS statistical software analysis of questionnaires data, the data analysis methods included descriptive statistics, factor analysis, reliability analysis and cluster analysis. The results of the study have found that factors were advocating on functional property between age and incomes have significant difference. It also sums up between product attributes and demographic variables of impact on riders. The result of this study is expected to provide the result to help the relative industry for the future product quality improvements and to understand this particular group preference of attributes for future marketing reference.
聚酯紡織品回收再生紡織品之「從搖籃到搖籃」生命週期評估 and 陳恒毅. "Life Cycle Assessment of Regenerating Textiles from Recycled PET Apparel in the From-Cradle-to-Cradle Perspective." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72189388604351726218.
Full text國立臺北大學
自然資源與環境管理研究所在職專班
105
The concept of Cradle-to-Cradle (C2C) consists of three principles, “waste equals food”, “use of current solar income” and “celebration of diversity”. One of the key concepts of C2C is inspired by the core ecological mechanism of “waste as food” or “waste equals food.” Currently, PET bottle recycling in Taiwan have a very good recycling record. More than 97-100% of the used PET bottles in Taiwan were collected efficiently and were regenerating as the “food” of so-called recycled “Eco-Textile.” Among the “productions” of recycled “eco-textile” the DA-AI blanket for charity purpose of disaster relief is a famous example. However, those “eco-textile” are actually categorized as downgrade products by C2C framework. Moreover, at the end of their life, they are very likely to be discarded into incinerator, and burden our environment. The purpose of this study is, thus, to close the loop and evaluate the life cycle of regenerating textiles. The DA-AI blankets are collected and re-made as the recycled textile, again. Since the DA-AI blanket didn’t undergo the dying process, it is not necessary to remove dye molecules, which were added to textile for color. The key issues of this re-regenerating process are collecting, cleaning, crushing, decomposition, re-polymerization and regenerating textiles. This regenerating truly fulfills the C2C framework and vision, it reducing emissions and waste, and most importantly, it is able to reduce the carbon emissions caused by final waste – and fulfills the vision of C2C “waste equals food.”
Copeland, Katherine Fiorito Susan S. "An investigation of the life cycle stage of private label apparel brands and the use of automatic replenishment programs." Diss., 2005. http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-11102005-220358.
Full textAdvisor: Susan S. Fiorito, Florida State University, College of Human Sciences, Dept. of Textiles and Consumer Sciences. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Jan. 27, 2006). Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 73 pages. Includes bibliographical references.