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Journal articles on the topic 'CYN'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 20 February 2023

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1

Coats, Karen. "Alone by Cyn Balog." Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books 71, no. 4 (2017): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bcc.2017.0832.

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2

Coats, Karen. "Unnatural Deeds by Cyn Balog." Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books 70, no. 4 (2016): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bcc.2016.0945.

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3

Coats, Karen. "That Night by Cyn Balog." Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books 72, no. 9 (2019): 379. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bcc.2019.0305.

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4

Chichova, Mariela, Oskan Tasinov, Milena Shkodrova, Milena Mishonova, Iliyana Sazdova, Bilyana Ilieva, Dilyana Doncheva-Stoimenova, et al. "New Data on Cylindrospermopsin Toxicity." Toxins 13, no. 1 (January 8, 2021): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins13010041.

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Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) is a widely spread cyanotoxin that can occur in fresh water and food. This research aims to investigate CYN toxicity by studying the effects of drinking 0.25 nM of CYN-contaminated water from a natural source, and of the direct application of moderate concentrations of CYN on different animal targets. The chosen structures and activities are rat mitochondria inner membrane permeability, mitochondrial ATP synthase (ATPase) and rat liver diamine oxidase (DAO) activities (EC 1.4.3.22.), the force of the contraction of an excised frog heart preparation with functional inne

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Chichova, Mariela, Oskan Tasinov, Milena Shkodrova, Milena Mishonova, Iliyana Sazdova, Bilyana Ilieva, Dilyana Doncheva-Stoimenova, et al. "New Data on Cylindrospermopsin Toxicity." Toxins 13, no. 1 (January 8, 2021): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins13010041.

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Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) is a widely spread cyanotoxin that can occur in fresh water and food. This research aims to investigate CYN toxicity by studying the effects of drinking 0.25 nM of CYN-contaminated water from a natural source, and of the direct application of moderate concentrations of CYN on different animal targets. The chosen structures and activities are rat mitochondria inner membrane permeability, mitochondrial ATP synthase (ATPase) and rat liver diamine oxidase (DAO) activities (EC 1.4.3.22.), the force of the contraction of an excised frog heart preparation with functional inne

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6

Díez-Quijada, Leticia, Klara Hercog, Martina Štampar, Metka Filipič, Ana M. Cameán, Ángeles Jos, and Bojana Žegura. "Genotoxic Effects of Cylindrospermopsin, Microcystin-LR and Their Binary Mixture in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HepG2) Cell Line." Toxins 12, no. 12 (December 8, 2020): 778. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins12120778.

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Simultaneous occurrence of cylindrospermopsin (CYN) and microcystin-LR (MCLR) has been reported in the aquatic environment and thus human exposure to such mixtures is possible. As data on the combined effects of CYN/MCLR are scarce, we aimed to investigate the adverse effects related to genotoxic activities induced by CYN (0.125, 0.25 and 0.5 µg/mL) and MCLR (1 µg/mL) as single compounds and their combinations in HepG2 cells after 24 and 72 h exposure. CYN and CYN/MCLR induced DNA double-strand breaks after 72 h exposure, while cell cycle analysis revealed that CYN and CYN/MCLR arrested HepG2

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7

Llana-Ruiz-Cabello, Maria, Angeles Jos, Ana Cameán, Flavio Oliveira, Aldo Barreiro, Joana Machado, Joana Azevedo, et al. "Analysis of the Use of Cylindrospermopsin and/or Microcystin-Contaminated Water in the Growth, Mineral Content, and Contamination of Spinacia oleracea and Lactuca sativa." Toxins 11, no. 11 (October 28, 2019): 624. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins11110624.

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Cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins constitute a serious environmental and human health problem. Moreover, concerns are raised with the use of contaminated water in agriculture and vegetable production as this can lead to food contamination and human exposure to toxins as well as impairment in crop development and productivity. The objective of this work was to assess the susceptibility of two green vegetables, spinach and lettuce, to the cyanotoxins microcystin (MC) and cylindrospermopsin (CYN), individually and in mixture. The study consisted of growing both vegetables in hydroponics, under contro

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8

Flores-Rojas, Esterhuizen-Londt, and Pflugmacher. "Uptake, Growth, and Pigment Changes in Lemna minor L. Exposed to Environmental Concentrations of Cylindrospermopsin." Toxins 11, no. 11 (November 7, 2019): 650. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins11110650.

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Cylindrospermopsin (CYN)-producing cyanobacterial blooms such as Raphidiopsis, Aphanizomenon, Anabaena, Umezakia, and Lyngbya spp. are occurring more commonly and frequently worldwide. CYN is an environmentally stable extracellular toxin, which inhibits protein synthesis, and, therefore, can potentially affect a wide variety of aquatic biota. Submerged and floating macrophytes, as primary producers in oligotrophic habitats, are at risk of exposure and information on the effects of CYN exposure at environmentally relevant concentrations is limited. In the present study, we investigated CYN upta

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9

Pierangelini, Mattia, Rati Sinha, Anusuya Willis, Michele A. Burford, Philip T. Orr, John Beardall, and Brett A. Neilan. "Constitutive Cylindrospermopsin Pool Size in Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii under Different Light and CO2Partial Pressure Conditions." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 81, no. 9 (February 27, 2015): 3069–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.03556-14.

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ABSTRACTCylindrospermopsin (CYN) and 7-deoxy-cylindrospermopsin (dCYN) are potent hepatotoxic alkaloids produced by numerous species of cyanobacteria, including the freshwaterCylindrospermopsis raciborskii.C. raciborskiiis an invasive cyanobacterium, and the study of how environmental parameters drive CYN production has received significant interest from water managers and health authorities. Light and CO2affect cell growth and physiology in photoautotrophs, and these are potential regulators of cyanotoxin biosynthesis. In this study, we investigated how light and CO2affect CYN and dCYN pool s

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10

Flores-Rojas, Nelida Cecilia, and Maranda Esterhuizen. "Uptake and Effects of Cylindrospermopsin: Biochemical, Physiological and Biometric Responses in The Submerged Macrophyte Egeria densa Planch." Water 12, no. 11 (October 26, 2020): 2997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12112997.

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Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) is being detected in surface waters more commonly and frequently worldwide. This stable, extracellular cyanotoxin causes protein synthesis inhibition, thus posing a risk to aquatic biota, including macrophytes, which serve as primary producers. Nevertheless, data regarding the effects caused by environmental concentrations of CYN is still limited. In the presented study, the uptake of CYN at environmental concentrations by the submerged macrophyte Egeria densa was investigated. Bioaccumulation, changes in the plant biomass, as well as shoot-length were assessed as resp

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11

Rotondo, Rossella, Maria Antonietta Oliva, and Antonietta Arcella. "The Sesquiterpene Lactone Cynaropicrin Manifests Strong Cytotoxicity in Glioblastoma Cells U-87 MG by Induction of Oxidative Stress." Biomedicines 10, no. 7 (July 2, 2022): 1583. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10071583.

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Cynaropicrin has shown a wide range of pharmacological properties, such as antitumor action. Here, we showed the inhibitory effect of Cyn on human glioblastoma cell U-87 MG growth. According to the IC50 values, Cyn 4, 8 and 10 µM displayed a significant cytotoxicity, as confirmed by the cell count and MTT assay. Furthermore, Cyn completely abolished the ability of U-87 MG to form colonies and induced drastic morphological changes. Interestingly, pretreatment with ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine 3 mM reversed the cytotoxicity induced by Cyn 25 µM and preserved the cells by morphological changes.

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12

Abbas, Feras, Cristina Porojan, Maxine A. D. Mowe, Mary Lehane, Simon M. Mitrovic, Richard P. Lim, Darren C. J. Yeo, and Ambrose Furey. "Sample extraction and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method development and validation for the quantitative detection of cyanobacterial hepatotoxins and neurotoxins in Singapore's reservoirs." Marine and Freshwater Research 71, no. 5 (2020): 673. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf19157.

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Cyanobacterial blue–green algal toxins are produced by harmful algal blooms (HABs). Most species of phytoplankton are not harmful, but excessive amounts of certain HAB taxa can cause harm to human and animal health, aquatic ecosystems and local economies. To investigate the prevalence of cylindrospermopsin (CYN) and anatoxin-a (ANA) in Singapore’s reservoirs, a hazard analysis was initiated to profile the CYN and ANA levels present. Water samples from 17 reservoirs were monitored monthly over a 12-month period (November 2012–October 2013). Analyses were conducted by liquid chromatography–tande

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13

Ziesemer, Sabine, Susann Meyer, Julia Edelmann, Janita Vennmann, Celine Gudra, Denise Arndt, Marcus Effenberg, et al. "Target Mechanisms of the Cyanotoxin Cylindrospermopsin in Immortalized Human Airway Epithelial Cells." Toxins 14, no. 11 (November 11, 2022): 785. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins14110785.

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Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) is a cyanobacterial toxin that occurs in aquatic environments worldwide. It is known for its delayed effects in animals and humans such as inhibition of protein synthesis or genotoxicity. The molecular targets and the cell physiological mechanisms of CYN, however, are not well studied. As inhalation of CYN-containing aerosols has been identified as a relevant route of CYN uptake, we analyzed the effects of CYN on protein expression in cultures of immortalized human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE14o−) using a proteomic approach. Proteins whose expression levels were

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14

CENGIZ, S., L. CAVAS, and K. YURDAKOC. "Alpha-amylase inhibition kinetics by caulerpenyne." Mediterranean Marine Science 11, no. 1 (March 30, 2010): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.93.

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Many algae have important secretions which are generally used for defensive purposes. These secretions take attentions of a lot of researchers who are wondering if these metabolites can be used for medical researches or not. Among these metabolites, caulerpenyne (CYN) which is the main metabolite of Caulerpa species, have had an important place in Caulerpa researches since the results related to its determined properties such as cytotoxic, antiviral, antiproliferative and apoptotic effects have been proven by many scientific reports. In the present study, the inhibitory effect of CYN isolated

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15

Quealy-Gainer, Kate. "Dead River by Cyn Balog (review)." Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books 66, no. 9 (2013): 411–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bcc.2013.0325.

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16

BITTENCOURT-OLIVEIRA, MARIA DO CARMO, VIVIANE PICCIN-SANTOS, ARIADNE N. MOURA, NÍSIA K. C. ARAGÃO-TAVARES, and MICHELINE K. CORDEIRO-ARAÚJO. "Cyanobacteria, microcystins and cylindrospermopsin in public drinking supply reservoirs of Brazil." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 86, no. 1 (March 2014): 297–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201302512.

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Brazil has a history of blooms and contamination of freshwater systems by cyanobacterial toxins. The monitoring relevance of toxins from cyanobacteria in reservoirs for public supply is notorious given its high toxicity to mammals, included humans beings. The most recurrent toxins in Brazilian water bodies are microcystins (MC). However, the recent record of cylindrospermopsin (CYN) in northeastern Brazil, Pernambuco state, alerts us to the possibility that this could be escalating. This study reports occurrence of MC and CYN, quantified with ELISA, in 10 reservoirs, devoted to public drinking

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17

Diez-Quijada, Leticia, Antonio Casas-Rodriguez, Remedios Guzmán-Guillén, Verónica Molina-Hernández, Rafael G. Albaladejo, Ana María Cameán, and Angeles Jos. "Immunomodulatory Effects of Pure Cylindrospermopsin in Rats Orally Exposed for 28 Days." Toxins 14, no. 2 (February 15, 2022): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins14020144.

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Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) is a ubiquitous cyanotoxin showing increasing incidence worldwide. CYN has been classified as a cytotoxin and, among its toxic effects, its immunotoxicity is scarcely studied. This work investigates for the first time the influence of oral CYN exposure (18.75; 37.5 and 75 µg/kg b.w./day, for 28 days) on the mRNA expression of selected interleukin (IL) genes (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α), Interferon gamma (IFN-γ)) in the thymus and the spleen of male and female rats, by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Moreover, their

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18

Nustede, Rainer, Inna Kuznetsova, Karl Welte, and Julia Skokowa. "Mechanism of the Elevated UPR in CN Patients but Not in CyN Patients Carrying Same ELANE Mutations." Blood 118, no. 21 (November 18, 2011): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.14.14.

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Abstract Abstract 14 Several studies found that in patients with severe congenital neutropenia (CN) harboring mutations in the ELANE gene mutated NE protein induced unfolded protein response (UPR) leading to elevated apoptosis and diminished differentiation of myeloid cells. However, it is unclear, why UPR was not detected in patients with cyclic neutropenia (CyN) carrying the same ELANE mutations, which have been found in CN patients. Several UPR components have been identified in mammalian cells, which include three transducers (IRE1, PERK, and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF-6) as we

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Okolo, Onyemaechi N., Emmanuel Katsanis, Seongseok Yun, Candace Y. Reveles, and Faiz Anwer. "Allogeneic Transplant in ELANE and MEFV Mutation Positive Severe Cyclic Neutropenia: Review of Prognostic Factors for Secondary Severe Events." Case Reports in Hematology 2017 (2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5375793.

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Objective and Importance.Cyclic neutropenia (CyN) is a rare autosomal dominant inherited disorder due to the mutation ELANE primarily affecting bone marrow stem cells and is characterized by recurrent neutropenia every 2 to 4 weeks. Symptoms vary from benign to severe, including death. Postulations on the cause of wide spectrum in symptom presentation include the possibility of other genetic mutations, such as MEFV. Recommended treatment for CyN is G-CSF to keep ANC higher to minimize risk of infection.Case.A 25-year-old male diagnosed with CyN, on G-CSF but worsening quality of life. Pretrans

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Orlando Caicedo, Willan, Juan Carlos Moyano, Segundo Benedicto Valle, Luis Antonio Díaz, and María Eduarda Caicedo. "Calidad fermentativa de ensilajes líquidos de chontaduro (Bactris gasipaes) tratados con yogur natural, suero de leche y melaza." Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Perú 30, no. 1 (March 4, 2019): 167–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/rivep.v30i1.15672.

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El estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar los efectos de la adición de yogur natural, suero de leche y melaza en ensilajes líquidos de chontaduro (Bactris gasipaes) sobre indicadores físicoquímicos, biológicos y organolépticos para su uso en la alimentación animal. Se trabajó con tres ensilados utilizando la drupa madura de la planta: chontaduro con yogur natural (CYN), chontaduro con suero de leche (CSL), y chontaduro con suero de leche y melaza (CSLM). Se preparon 30 microsilos por tratamiento de un 1 kg cada uno que se evaluaron los días 1, 4, 8, 15, 30 y 60 de iniciado el proceso de conservaci

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Fonseca, A. L., J. Da Silva, E. A. Nunes, S. M. F. O. Azevedo, and R. M. Soares. "In vivo genotoxicity of treated water containing the cylindrospermopsin-producer Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii." Journal of Water and Health 12, no. 3 (March 19, 2014): 474–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2014.087.

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Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) is an alkaloid commonly produced by some cyanobacteria that has been implicated in outbreaks of human illness. The aim of this study was to investigate the genotoxicity of Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii cellular content (including CYN) and its byproducts resulting from chlorination during water treatment. DNA damage in blood and liver cells was analysed by the comet assay and micronucleus test (MN). Mice were injected intraperitoneally with the following treatments: (a) physiological saline, (b) treated water, (c) treated water plus C. raciborskii extract (CYN producer

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Diez-Quijada, Leticia, María Puerto, Daniel Gutiérrez-Praena, Maria V. Turkina, Alexandre Campos, Vitor Vasconcelos, Ana M. Cameán, and Ángeles Jos. "In Vitro Toxicity Evaluation of Cyanotoxins Cylindrospermopsin and Microcystin-LR on Human Kidney HEK293 Cells." Toxins 14, no. 7 (June 23, 2022): 429. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins14070429.

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Cyanotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by different types of cyanobacteria. Among them, Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) and Microcystins (MCs) stand out due to their wide geographical distribution and toxicity in various organs, including the kidney, which is involved in their distribution and elimination. However, the renal toxicity caused by CYN and MCs has hardly been studied. The aim of this work was to assess the cytotoxicity effects caused by CYN and MC-LR in the renal cell line HEK293, and for the first time, the influence of CYN on the gene expression of selected genes in these cells

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Hercog, Klara, Alja Štern, Sara Maisanaba, Metka Filipič, and Bojana Žegura. "Plastics in Cyanobacterial Blooms—Genotoxic Effects of Binary Mixtures of Cylindrospermopsin and Bisphenols in HepG2 Cells." Toxins 12, no. 4 (March 31, 2020): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins12040219.

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Ever-expanding environmental pollution is causing a rise in cyanobacterial blooms and the accumulation of plastics in water bodies. Consequently, exposure to mixtures of cyanotoxins and plastic-related contaminants such as bisphenols (BPs) is of increasing concern. The present study describes genotoxic effects induced by co-exposure to one of the emerging cyanotoxins—cylindrospermopsin (CYN)—(0.5 µg/mL) and BPs (bisphenol A (BPA), S (BPS), and F (BPF); (10 µg/mL)) in HepG2 cells after 24 and 72 h of exposure. The cytotoxicity was evaluated with an MTS assay and genotoxicity was assessed throug

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Sobieh, Shaimaa S., Rasha Abed El-Gammal, Wafaa S. Abu El-Kheir, Alia A. El-Sheimy, Alaa A. Said, and Yassein M. El-Ayouty. "Heterologous Expression of Cyanobacterial Cyanase Gene (CYN) in Microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii for Bioremediation of Cyanide Pollution." Biology 11, no. 10 (September 29, 2022): 1420. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11101420.

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Recombinant DNA technology offered the creation of new combinations of DNA segments that are not found together in nature. The present study aimed to produce an ecofriendly bioremediation model to remediate cyanide pollution from a polluted marine system. Cyanide is a known toxic compound produced through natural and anthropogenic activities. An Agrobacterium-tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation technique was used to generate transformed Chlamydomonas reinhardtii using plant expression vector pTRA-K-cTp carries isolated coding sequence of the cyanobacterial cyanase gene (CYN) isolated f

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González-Blanco, Carlos, Felipe Augusto Dörr, Renata Albuquerque, Janice Onuki, and Ernani Pinto. "Alternative Isolation Protocol for Desulfo and Zwitterionic Cylindrospermopsin Alkaloids and Comparison of Their Toxicity in HepG2 Cells." Molecules 25, no. 13 (July 2, 2020): 3027. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25133027.

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The term cylindrospermopsins (CYNs) refers to a structurally related class of cyanobacterial metabolites comprised of a tricyclic guanidine group and a hydroxymethyluracil moiety. Most reports in environmental aquatic samples refer to cylindrospermopsin (CYN), and reports on other CYN alkaloids are scarce, due, in part, to a lack of versatile isolation protocols. Thus, using commercially available solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridges, we optimized an isolation protocol for the complete recovery of CYN, 7-deoxy-cylindrospermopsin (7D-CYN) and 7-deoxy-desulfo-cylindrospermopsin (7D-desulfo-CY

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Traina, Giovanna. "Caulerpenyne Affects Bradykinin-Induced Intracellular Calcium Kinetics in LoVo Cells." Applied Sciences 11, no. 6 (March 17, 2021): 2697. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11062697.

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Sesquiterpene caulerpenyne (CYN) is the major metabolite present in green macroalgae Caulerpa taxifolia. This metabolite has been shown to be cytotoxic in some cell lines and was found to be active in various assays of pharmacological interest. In addition, it exerts antibiotic, antiviral, phytotoxic, antidyslipidemic, and antiproliferative activities. In the present study, we report that pretreatment with CYN decreases the bradykinin-induced calcium peak in human colon LoVo cells. We hypothesize that CYN pretreatment may adversely affect bradykinin-induced intracellular calcium increases. The

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Saito, Satoshi, Shiho Nishimura, Miyuki Tsumura, Yoko Mizoguchi, Sonoko Sakata, Aya Furue, Mizuka Miki, et al. "A Comparison of Myelopoiesis from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells with a Mutation in ELANE between Cyclic Neutropenia and Severe Congenital Neutropenia." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 2193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.2193.2193.

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Abstract The ELANE is known as the responsible gene for both cyclic neutropenia (CyN) and severe congenital neutropenia (SCN). However, relations between mutations in the ELANE gene and abnormal myelopoiesis in the different phenotype of these diseases still remain unclear. It has been reported that induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) from an individual patient with SCN (SCN-iPSC) demonstrated maturation arrest of myeloid progenitor cells and poor response to granulocyte-colony stimulating factor as similarly observed in patient's bone marrow cells. Thus, the study on myelopoiesis using disea

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CAVAS, L., S. CENGIZ, and Z. ABIDIN KARABAY. "Seasonal rubisco enzyme activities and caulerpenyne levels in invasive Caulerpa racemosa var. cylindracea and native Caulerpa prolifera." Mediterranean Marine Science 13, no. 1 (April 11, 2012): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.29.

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Caulerpa racemosa var.cylindracea (C.racemosa) is an invasive marine seaweed in the Mediterranean Sea. Since no valid eradication method has been existed in the scientific literature on this species, it has currently been continuing its invasion along the coastlines of 13 Mediterranean countries. One of the important factors responsible for its invasion is thought as its toxic secondary metabolite, caulerpenyne (CYN). The present paper investigates seasonal changes in the secondary metabolite CYN, and rubisco enzyme (EC 4.1.1.39) activities of the invasive C. racemosa and native C. prolifera.

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Stüken, Anke, and Kjetill S. Jakobsen. "The cylindrospermopsin gene cluster of Aphanizomenon sp. strain 10E6: organization and recombination." Microbiology 156, no. 8 (August 1, 2010): 2438–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.036988-0.

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Cylindrospermopsin (CYN), a potent hepatoxin, occurs in freshwaters worldwide. Several cyanobacterial species produce the toxin, but the producing species vary between geographical regions. Aphanizomenon flos-aquae, a common algae species in temperate fresh and brackish waters, is one of the three well-documented CYN producers in European waters. So far, no genetic information on the CYN genes of this species has been available. Here, we describe the complete CYN gene cluster, including flanking regions from the German Aphanizomenon sp. strain 10E6 using a full genome sequencing approach by 45

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Sung, Y. C., and J. A. Fuchs. "Characterization of the cyn operon in Escherichia coli K12." Journal of Biological Chemistry 263, no. 29 (October 1988): 14769–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(18)68104-9.

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Jiang, Yongguang, Peng Xiao, Gongliang Yu, Tomoharu Sano, Qianqian Pan, and Renhui Li. "Molecular Basis and Phylogenetic Implications of Deoxycylindrospermopsin Biosynthesis in the Cyanobacterium Raphidiopsis curvata." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 78, no. 7 (January 27, 2012): 2256–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.07321-11.

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ABSTRACTNew insights into the distribution and biochemistry of the cyanotoxin cylindrospermopsin (CYN) have been provided by the recent determination of its biosynthesis gene cluster (cyr) in several cyanobacterial species.Raphidiopsis curvataCHAB1150 isolated from China was analyzed for CYN analogues. Only 7-deoxy-CYN was detected in the cell extracts. Thecyrgene cluster ofR. curvataCHAB1150 was sequenced, and thecyrgenes of this strain were found to have extremely high similarities (96% to 100%) to those from other nostocalean species. These species includeCylindrospermopsis raciborskiiAWT20

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Murphy, Fionnuala, G. Devlin, and K. McDonnell. "The Evaluation of Flash Point and Cold Filter Plugging Point with Blends of Diesel and Cyn-Diesel Pyrolysis Fuel for Automotive Engines." Open Fuels & Energy Science Journal 6, no. 1 (July 12, 2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1876973x01306010001.

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The production of synthetic fuels from alternative sources has increased in recent years as a cleaner, more sustainable source of transport fuel is now required. The European Commission has outlined renewable energy targets pertaining to transport fuel which must be met by 2020. In response to these targets Ireland has committed, through the Biofuels Obligation Scheme of 2008, to producing 3% of transport fuels from biofuels by 2010 and 10% by 2020. In order to be suitable for sale in Europe, diesel fuels and biodiesels must meet certain European fuel specifications outlined in the EN 590:2009

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Munoz, Macarena, David Ortiz, Julia Nieto-Sandoval, Samuel Cirés, Zahara M. de Pedro, Antonio Quesada, and Jose A. Casas. "Catalytic Wet Peroxide Oxidation of Cylindrospermopsin over Magnetite in a Continuous Fixed-Bed Reactor." Catalysts 10, no. 11 (October 29, 2020): 1250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10111250.

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The development of cost-efficient and environmentally friendly technologies for the removal of cyanotoxins from water is crucial, given the increasingly frequent appearance of toxic cyanobacterial blooms. In this work, the application of catalytic wet peroxide oxidation (CWPO) promoted by natural magnetite for the removal of the highly toxic cyanotoxin cylindrospermopsin (CYN) has been investigated. A fixed-bed reactor packed with magnetite powder and granules was used to treat a continuous flow of CYN-bearing water. Experiments were carried out under ambient conditions and circumneutral pH (p

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Ballot, Andreas, Jutta Fastner, and Claudia Wiedner. "Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning Toxin-Producing Cyanobacterium Aphanizomenon gracile in Northeast Germany." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 76, no. 4 (January 4, 2010): 1173–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02285-09.

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ABSTRACT Neurotoxic paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxins, anatoxin-a (ATX), and hepatotoxic cylindrospermopsin (CYN) have been detected in several lakes in northeast Germany during the last 2 decades. They are produced worldwide by members of the nostocalean genera Anabaena, Cylindrospermopsis, and Aphanizomenon. Although no additional sources of PSP toxins and ATX have been identified in German water bodies to date, the observed CYN concentrations cannot be produced solely by Aphanizomenon flos-aquae, the only known CYN producer in Germany. Therefore, we attempted to identify PSP toxin,

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Ferreira, Matheus Almeida, Cristina Celia Silveira Brandão, and Yovanka Pérez Ginoris. "Oxidation of Cylindrospermopsin by Fenton Process: A Bench-Scale Study of the Effects of Dose and Ratio of H2O2 and Fe(II) and Kinetics." Toxins 13, no. 9 (August 29, 2021): 604. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins13090604.

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The cyanotoxin cylindrospermopsin (CYN) has become a significant environmental and human health concern due to its high toxicological potential and widespread distribution. High concentrations of cyanotoxins may be produced during cyanobacterial blooms. Special attention is required when these blooms occur in sources of water intended for human consumption since extracellular cyanotoxins are not effectively removed by conventional water treatments, leading to the need for advanced water treatment technologies such as the Fenton process to produce safe water. Thus, the present study aimed to in

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Wang, Shulian, Yongmei Chen, Yiying Jiao, and Zhu Li. "Detoxification of Cylindrospermopsin by Pyrite in Water." Catalysts 9, no. 9 (August 21, 2019): 699. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9090699.

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Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) is a cyanobacterial toxin released from eutrophic water. It persistently remains in the environment because its degradation under solar light is extremely low. In this study, pyrite, an abundant mineral, was investigated as a catalyst for decomposing and detoxifying CYN in water. A detailed examination of intermediates provided insights into the degradation pathway. Electron spin resonance spectra revealed that H2O2 and hydroxyl radicals (•OH) were generated at the pyrite surface while promoting the recycling of Fe(III) into Fe(II) during the degradation process. This

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Antonieti, Caio César, and Yovanka Pérez Ginoris. "Removal of Cylindrospermopsin by Adsorption on Granular Activated Carbon, Selection of Carbons and Estimated Fixed-Bed Breakthrough." Water 14, no. 10 (May 19, 2022): 1630. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14101630.

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Climate change and the increase in the availability of nutrients in aquatic environments have increased the occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms which can produce cyanotoxins such as cylindrospermopsin (CYN). Activated carbon adsorption have been proved to be efficient for CYN removal. In the present study, a carbon with high CYN adsorption capacity was identified between two granular activated carbons. For this carbon was estimated the operating time of a full-scale granular activated carbon column under different empty bed contact times (EBCT). The fixed-bed breakthrough was estimated using t

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Yun, Hee Young, Eun-Ji Won, Jisoo Choi, Yusang Cho, Da-Jung Lim, In-Seon Kim, and Kyung-Hoon Shin. "Stable Isotope Analysis of Residual Pesticides via High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Elemental Analyzer–Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry." Molecules 27, no. 23 (December 6, 2022): 8587. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27238587.

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To broaden the range of measurable pesticides for stable isotope analysis (SIA), we tested whether SIA of the anthranilic diamides cyantraniliprole (CYN) and chlorantraniliprole (CHL) can be achieved under elemental analyzer/isotope ratio mass spectrometry with compound purification in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Using this method, carbon isotope compositions were measured in pesticide residues extracted from plants (lettuce) grown indoors in potting soil that were treated with 500 mg/kg CHL and 250 mg/kg CYN and were followed up for 45 days. Our results show that the CYN an

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Dale, David C., Audrey Anna Bolyard, Merideth L. Kelley, Vahagn Makaryan, Mary Ann Bonilla, Laurence A. Boxer, Sabine Mellor-Heineke, Karl H. Welte, Peter E. Newburger, and Cornelia Zeidler. "Long Term Outcomes for Patients with Cyclic Neutropenia Treated with Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (G-CSF)." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.996.996.

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Cyclic neutropenia (CyN) is a rare hematological condition with neutrophil counts decreasing to <0.2 x 109/L, usually at 21 day intervals, accompanied by fever, mouth ulcers and the risk of severe sepsis during the neutropenic periods. Twenty-six years ago we reported results of treating six patients with CyN on G-CSF (N Engl J Med. 1989;320: 1306-1311). We have now followed these patients and many other CyN on G-CSF for up to 28 years through the Severe Chronic Neutropenia International Registry (SCNIR). The original six patients (2 male, 4 female, ages 8.8 to 65) are all living, now ages

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Cinthya Covessi Thom, de Souza, Filho Nelson Augusto Rosario, Taketomi Ernesto Akio, Miranda Juliana Silva, and Godoi Ricardo Henrique Moreton. "Cyn d 1 airborne allergen in a Southern Brazilian city." Archives of Asthma, Allergy and Immunology 5, no. 1 (February 26, 2021): 014–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.29328/journal.aaai.1001024.

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Zeidler, Cornelia, Sabine Mellor-Heineke, Maksim Klimiankou, Julia Skokowa, and Karl Welte. "First Case of Leukemia in a Child Suffering from Cyclic Neutropenia with ELANE Mutation." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.997.997.

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Congenital neutropenia (CN) and Cyclic neutropenia (CyN) are rare hematological conditions in which ELANE mutations have been found. The discrimination of Cyn from CN is based on the cycling neutrophil counts which decrease to <0.2 x 109/L, usually at 21 day intervals. Infectious episodes are typically less severe in CyN compared to infections in CN patients. While in patients suffering from ELANE-CN an increased risk of leukemic transformation of more than 10 percent is well documented, no AML has been reported in the European SCNIR cohort of 38 patients with ELANE -CYN so far. Here we rep

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Barik, Sailen. "Dual-Family Peptidylprolyl Isomerases (Immunophilins) of Select Monocellular Organisms." Biomolecules 8, no. 4 (November 15, 2018): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom8040148.

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The dual-family peptidylprolyl cis-trans isomerases (immunophilins) represent a naturally occurring chimera of the classical FK506-binding protein (FKBP) and cyclophilin (CYN), connected by a flexible linker. They are found exclusively in monocellular organisms. The modular builds of these molecules represent two distinct types: CYN-(linker)-FKBP and FKBP-3TPR (tetratricopeptide repeat)-CYN. Abbreviated respectively as CFBP and FCBP, the two classes also exhibit distinct organism preference, the CFBP being found in prokaryotes, and the FCBP in eukaryotes. This review summarizes the mystery of

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Klimenkova, Olga, Maksim Klimiankou, Lothar Kanz, Cornelia Zeidler, Karl Welte, and Julia Skokowa. "Differential Expression of Neutrophil Granule Protein Genes in Bone Marrow Myeloid Cells at the Peak and Nadir of Neutrophil Counts in Cyclic Neutropenia." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 2194. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.2194.2194.

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Abstract Cyclic neutropenia (CyN) is a hematologic disorder in which peripheral-blood neutrophil counts show cycles at approx. 21-days intervals. The majority of CyN patients (ca. 90 %) harbor inherited mutations in the ELANE gene. The mechanism of cycling hematopoiesis downstream of ELANE mutations is unclear. In the present study we aimed to identify if there is a geterogeniety of bone marrow (BM) myeloid progenitors and granulocytic cells at the peak and nadir of the cycle of neutrophil counts. We performed FACS analysis of BM populations in CyN patient at the peak and nadir of the cycle an

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Díez-Quijada, Leticia, Ana I. Prieto, María Puerto, Ángeles Jos, and Ana M. Cameán. "In Vitro Mutagenic and Genotoxic Assessment of a Mixture of the Cyanotoxins Microcystin-LR and Cylindrospermopsin." Toxins 11, no. 6 (June 4, 2019): 318. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins11060318.

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The co-occurrence of various cyanobacterial toxins can potentially induce toxic effects different than those observed for single cyanotoxins, as interaction phenomena cannot be discarded. Moreover, mixtures are a more probable exposure scenario. However, toxicological information on the topic is still scarce. Taking into account the important role of mutagenicity and genotoxicity in the risk evaluation framework, the objective of this study was to assess the mutagenic and genotoxic potential of mixtures of two of the most relevant cyanotoxins, Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) and Cylindrospermopsin (CYN

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Sánchez, Jorge, Andres Sánchez, and Jorge Sánchez. "Differences in the Nasal Inflammatory Response to Cynodon dactylon From Rural and Urban Areas in Patients With Allergic Rhinitis." Allergy & Rhinology 9 (January 2018): 215265671881587. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2152656718815870.

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Background Epidemiological and experimental studies suggest that air pollution has a negative impact on human health and modifies the environment. However, the clinical implications of changes in environmental allergens secondary to air pollution have been little studied. Objectives To explore if the growth conditions of the Cynodon dactylon (rural vs urban area) modify the inflammatory response among patients with allergic rhinitis. Methodology: Two extracts were prepared for diagnostic test with Cyn d proteins obtained from rural and urban environment. Skin prick test (SPT), nasal challenge

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Choi, Jae-won, Jae-heon Jang, Sun-hong Lee, and Mi-ae Yoon. "Determination of Cylindrospermopsin in Surface and Treated Water using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry." Journal of Environmental Analysis, Health and Toxicology 25, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.36278/jeaht.25.2.71.

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Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) is an emerging freshwater cyanobacterial toxin, and its reports on toxicity toward the human liver and kidney tissues has drawn a lot of attention. An appropriate analytical method is necessary to determine the presence of this emerging cyanobacterial toxin in water resources including drinking water; therefore, it is necessary to develop a sensitive analytical method for CYN detection. In this study, we developed a simple and sensitive analytical method for CYN detection using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) using direct injection. The method

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Hinojosa, María G., Ana I. Prieto, Clara Muñoz-Castro, María V. Sánchez-Mico, Javier Vitorica, Ana M. Cameán, and Ángeles Jos. "Cytotoxicity and Effects on the Synapsis Induced by Pure Cylindrospermopsin in an E17 Embryonic Murine Primary Neuronal Culture in a Concentration- and Time-Dependent Manner." Toxins 14, no. 3 (February 26, 2022): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins14030175.

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Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) is a cyanotoxin whose incidence has been increasing in the last decades. Due to its capacity to exert damage at different levels of the organism, it is considered a cytotoxin. Although the main target organ is the liver, recent studies indicate that CYN has potential toxic effects on the nervous system, both in vitro and in vivo. Thus, the aim of the present work was to study the effects of this cyanotoxin on neuronal viability and synaptic integrity in murine primary cultures of neurons exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations (0–1 µg/mL CYN) for 12, 24, and

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Diez-Quijada, Leticia, Maria del Monte Benítez-González, María Puerto, Angeles Jos, and Ana M. Cameán. "Immunotoxic Effects Induced by Microcystins and Cylindrospermopsin: A Review." Toxins 13, no. 10 (October 8, 2021): 711. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins13100711.

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Cyanotoxin occurrence is gaining importance due to anthropogenic activities, climate change and eutrophication. Among them, Microcystins (MCs) and Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) are the most frequently studied due to their ubiquity and toxicity. Although MCs are primary classified as hepatotoxins and CYN as a cytotoxin, they have been shown to induce deleterious effects in a wide range of organs. However, their effects on the immune system are as yet scarcely investigated. Thus, to know the impact of cyanotoxins on the immune system, due to its importance in organisms’ homeostasis, is considered of

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Cirés, Samuel, Lars Wörmer, Andreas Ballot, Ramsy Agha, Claudia Wiedner, David Velázquez, María Cristina Casero, and Antonio Quesada. "Phylogeography of Cylindrospermopsin and Paralytic Shellfish Toxin-Producing Nostocales Cyanobacteria from Mediterranean Europe (Spain)." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 80, no. 4 (December 13, 2013): 1359–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.03002-13.

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ABSTRACTPlanktonicNostocalescyanobacteria represent a challenge for microbiological research because of the wide range of cyanotoxins that they synthesize and their invasive behavior, which is presumably enhanced by global warming. To gain insight into the phylogeography of potentially toxicNostocalesfrom Mediterranean Europe, 31 strains ofAnabaena(Anabaena crassa,A. lemmermannii,A. mendotae, andA. planctonica),Aphanizomenon(Aphanizomenon gracile,A. ovalisporum), andCylindrospermopsis raciborskiiwere isolated from 14 freshwater bodies in Spain and polyphasically analyzed for their phylogeograp

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Klimiankou, Maksim, Olga Klimenkova, Lothar Kanz, Cornelia Zeidler, Karl Welte, and Julia Skokowa. "Time Course of Acquisition of a CSF3R Mutation and Subsequent Development of AML in a Patient with Cyclic Neutropenia." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 885. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.885.885.

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Acquired CSF3R (colony stimulating factor 3 receptor, granulocyte) mutations have been detected with a high frequency (17-34%) in severe congenital neutropenia (CN) patients. Moreover, in CN patients who developed overt acute myeloid leukemia (AML) the frequency of CSF3R mutations in the intracellular critical region reaches more than 80%. Up to now there was no report on the detection of acquired mutations in CSF3R or development of AML/MDS in cyclic neutropenia patients (CyN). This group of patients reveals the same genotype with mutations in the ELANE gene as CN patients. In contrast, both

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