Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cynoglossus

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
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  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Cynoglossus'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 5 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Cynoglossus"

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Chapleau, François. "Comparative osteology and intergeneric relationships of the tongue soles (Pisces; Pleuronectiformes; Cynoglossidae)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 66, no. 5 (May 1, 1988): 1214–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z88-177.

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This article contains the first detailed osteological study of several flatfish species belonging to the three currently recognized genera of tongue soles (Cynoglossidae). The resulting information was used to reassess, following the cladistics methodology, the monophyletic status of the family and to put forward a hypothesis of generic relationships. The polarity of the character states was determined by outgroup comparison using the Soleidae as the sister group of the Cynoglossidae and the Achiridae as the sister group of the soleid–cynoglossid lineage. An analysis of numerous characters corroborated the monophyletism of the Cynoglossidae. It was also found that the genus Symphurus (Symphurinae) is monophyletic and is the sister group of the monophyletic Cynoglossus–Parapaglusia (Cynoglossinae) lineage. Parapaglusia was shown to be monophyletic, but no evidence was found to corroborate a similar status for Cynoglossus. An examination of the osteology of more species belonging to the speciose genera Symphurus and Cynoglossus is needed to further test this hypothesis of relationships.
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Alina, Dining Nika, and Hawis Madduppa. "IDENTIFIKASI IKAN LIDAH Cynoglossus arel (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) BERDASARKAN MORFOMETRIK DAN DNA BARCODING YANG DIPERDAGANGKAN DI TEMPAT PELELANGAN IKAN MUARA ANGKE." BAWAL Widya Riset Perikanan Tangkap 12, no. 1 (November 11, 2020): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/bawal.12.1.2020.31-39.

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Ikan lidah merupakan ikan ekonomis penting yang menjadi salah satu komoditas yang diperdagangkan di Tempat Pelelangan Ikan (TPI) Muara Angke. Ikan lidah memiliki keunikan karena metamorfosis mereka, kebiasaan membenamkan diri dalam substrat dan sirip pektoralnya yang terdegradasi sedangkan sirip lainnya saling bertemu. Terdapat enam spesies ikan lidah dari famili Cynoglossidae yang dapat ditemukan di Indonesia, sedangkan penelitian terkait identifikasi ikan lidah masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan memastikan spesies ikan lidah yang diperdagangkan di TPI Muara Angke berdasarkan pengukuran morfometrik dan DNA Barcoding menggunakan sekuen COI. Hasil analisis morfologi menggunakan literatur menunjukkan bahwa ikan lidah sampel memiliki kemiripan karakteristik morfologi dengan Cynoglossus lingua dan Cynoglossus arel yang kemudian diyakini sebagai C. arel berdasarkan ciri diagnostiknya. Berdasarkan analisis DNA barcoding diperoleh spesies Cynoglossus cf. arel dengan identifikasi kesamaan 100% yang tercantum dalam GenBank. Dari hasil analisis morfologi dan DNA barcoding menunjukkan bahwa ikan lidah yang diperdagangkan di TPI Muara Angke merupakan ikan dari famili Cynoglossidae, genus Cynoglossus, spesies Cynoglossus arel.Tongue Fish Identification Traded in Muara Angke Fish Auction Based on Morphometric and DNA Barcoding Using COI Sequences. Tongue fish is an important economical fish which is one of the commodities traded at Muara Angke Fish Auction. Tongue fish are unique because of their metamorphosis, their habit of immersing themselves in the substrate, and their pectoral fins degraded while the other three fins are confluent. There are six species of tongue fish from the Cynoglossidae family that can be found in Indonesia, whereas the study about tongue fish identifications are limited. The present study aims to identify and clarify the species of tongue fish traded at Muara Angke Fish Auction based on morphometric measurements and DNA Barcoding using the COI sequence. The results of the morphological analysis using the literature showed that the tongue fish samples had similar morphological characteristics with Cynoglossus lingua and Cynoglossus arel which were then believed to be C. arel based on their diagnostic characteristics. DNA barcoding analysis of tongue fish sample shows Cynoglossus cf. arel with 100% similarity identification listed in GenBank. From the results of morphological analysis and DNA barcoding showed that the tongue fish traded at TPI Muara Angke are fish from the family Cynoglossidae, genus Cynoglossus, species of Cynoglossus arel.
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Voronina, E. P., A. M. Prokofiev, and V. P. Prirodina. "Review of the flatfishes of Vietnam in the collection of Zoological Institute, Saint Petersburg." Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS 320, no. 4 (December 25, 2016): 381–430. http://dx.doi.org/10.31610/trudyzin/2016.320.4.381.

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A review of 47 species in 28 genera of flatfishes (families Citharidae, Bothidae, Paralichthyidae, Samaridae, Soleidae and Cynoglossidae) caught off Vietnam and kept in Zoological Institute is presented. Most of the material is collected off Southern Vietnam, smaller part – in the Gulf of Tonkin with maximal number of species and specimens caught to a depth of 50 m. Bothids, soleids and cynoglossids are most numerous, which is typical of Indo-Pacific flatfish fauna. Study of material adds 15 species to the list of 82 previously known from Vietnam. Two species, the paralichthyid Pseudorhombus oculocirris and soleid Soleichthys tubiferus, are recorded for the first time for the South China Sea, these findings considerably extend their ranges. Thirteen species are indicated for the fauna of Vietnam for the first time: Arnoglossus macrolophus, Chascanopsetta lugubris, Engyprosopon maldivensis, Kamoharaia megastoma (Bothidae), Samariscus filipectoralis, Samariscus luzonensis (Samaridae), Aseraggodes dubius, Zebrias crossolepis, Zebrias lucapensis (Soleidae), Cynoglossus kopsi, Cynoglossus quadrilineatus, Paraplagusia japonica, Symphurus microrhynchus (Cynoglossidae). Annotated synonymy, diagnostic characters, photographs, counts and map of occurrences are given for each species. The comparison shows similarity of flatfish fauna composition of Northern Vietnam and Southern Vietnam in spite of climatic and hydrological difference between regions. Our findings confirm previously known widespread distribution of the Indo-Pacific flatfishes and characterize species as eurythermal and euryhaline.
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Choi, Soo-Cheol, and In-Ah Lee. "Effect of MMP/TIMP Balancing of Cynoglossus semilaevis Shell Extracts on Skin Protection." Fishes 6, no. 3 (August 24, 2021): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fishes6030034.

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Cynoglossus semilaevis shell is a by-product of the Cynoglossus semilaevis, a species of fish mainly distributed along the west coast of Korea. As its skin is very tough and difficult to process, it is not useful as food. For this reason, most of it is discarded except for a small amount that is used as feed, which results in environmental pollution. Considering this, there is a need for research on the development of functional materials using Cynoglossus semilaevis shell. This study focused on the mechanism of in vitro expression function of Cynoglossus semilaevis shell extract (CSE) for skin tissue in human dermal fibroblasts that induced or did not induce wrinkles by UV-B irradiation and aims to use it as a functional material for human skin beauty or wrinkle improvement through extraction and purification. According to the ELISA results using human dermal fibroblast cells, CSE reduced MMP-1 and elastase activity by up to 21.89% and 12.04%, respectively, in a concentration-dependent manner, and increased PIP synthesis by up to 62.24% in a concentration-dependent manner. The RT-PCR test results using mRNA showed the MMP-1, 2, and 3 expression levels were suppressed in the CSE-treated group compared to the UVB-induced group and caused a concentration-dependent increase in TIMP-1 in the CSE-treat group. These results suggest that CSE can maintain and improve skin tissue conditions through MMP/TIMP balancing in human dermal fibroblast cell lines and indicate its potential as a functional material for improving skin diseases and suppressing photo-aging.
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Gustiarisanie, Arinie, Muhammad Fadjar Rahardjo, and Yunizar Ernawati. "BIOLOGI REPRODUKSI IKAN LIDAH, (Cynoglossus cynoglossus, Hamilton 1822) PISCES: CYNOGLOSSIDAE DI TELUK PABEAN, JAWA BARAT." BAWAL Widya Riset Perikanan Tangkap 9, no. 2 (December 6, 2017): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/bawal.9.2.2017.103-112.

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Ikan Cynoglossus cynoglossus termasuk dalam famili Cynoglossidae yang hidupnya menetap di dasar perairan. Di Teluk Pabean, ikan ini dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat untuk dikonsumsi sendiri dan untuk dijual. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aspek biologi reproduksi ikan C. cynoglossus yang mencakup ukuran ikan pertama kali matang gonad, musim dan tipe pemijahan. Penelitian dilakukan pada Januari-Desember 2015 di perairan Teluk Pabean, Kabupaten Indramayu. Pengambilan contoh dilakukan setiap bulan sekali dengan menggunakan alat tangkap sero. Diperoleh jenis ikan 613 ekor terdiri dari 290 ekor ikan jantan dan 323 ekor betina. Distribusi ukuran panjang total berkisar Antara 46-117 mm (jantan), 61-126 mm (betina) dengan bobot tubuh berkisar antara 0,57-8,75 g (jantan), dan 2,81-16,72 g (betina). Ukuran ikan betina pertama kali matang gonad pada panjang total 105,5 mm. Ikan ini termasuk pemijah bertahap dengan jumlah telur berkisar antara 2.657-39.647 butir. In the Pabean Bay, Tonguesole (Cynoglossidae) has important value to the community. This research aims to investigate some reproductive biology aspects of tongue sole, namely length at first maturity, spawning season and type of spawn. The research conducted in January to December 2015 in the Pabean Bay, Indramayu. Monthly enumeration conducted from sample that collected through trap net by 613 fishes (290 males and 323 females). The total length of fish ranged from 46 to 117 mm (males), 61 to 126 mm (females). While, the body weight of the fish ranged from 0.57 to 8.75 gram (males), 2.81 to 16.72 gram (females). The results showed that the first maturity of the female is about 105.5 mm total length. This species is probably a batch spawner with the number of eggs ranges from 2657 to 39647 grains.
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贾, 磊. "Analysis of Population Genetic Diversity of Cynoglossus cynoglossus Based on 2b-RAD Simplified Genome Sequencing." Open Journal of Fisheries Research 04, no. 04 (2017): 125–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/ojfr.2017.44020.

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Ma, Hongyu, Songlin Chen, Jing Li, Jin-Zhen Bi, and Tianjun Xu. "Cloning, characterization of two female-specific AFLP markers and development of PCR-based sex identification method for the half-smooth tongue sole Cynoglossus semilaevis." Current Zoology 55, no. 4 (August 1, 2009): 309–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/czoolo/55.4.309.

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Abstract Two female-specific AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism) markers (named CseF464 and CseF136) were isolated by using one selective primer combination (E-AGC/M-CTG) from the genomic DNA of 20 females and 20 males of the half-smooth tongue sole Cynoglossus semilaevis. Both the markers were re-amplified, recovered from the agarose gels, cloned and sequenced. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that the length of the two markers were 468 bp and 134 bp, respectively, and the sequences showed no similarity to each other, as well as to the known sequences deposited in the GenBank database using BLASTn. Two pairs of SCAR (sequence characterized amplified regions) primers were designed based on the sequences of the two female-specific markers. Furthermore, PCR-based genetic sex identification method was developed in Cynoglossus semilaevis. A specific fragment was amplified in all females but not in any males by using these SCAR primers on the initial 20 female and 20 male individuals of Cynoglossus semilaevis. The feasibility of the two SCAR primer pairs was confirmed in additional 100 individuals (50 females and 50 males). This allowed for reliable, rapid molecular identification of genetic sex of the species, genetic mapping on the sex chromosomes and better understanding of the sex determination and sex differentiation in the half smooth tongue sole.
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Hu, Yong-hua, Bo-guang Sun, Tian Deng, and Li Sun. "Molecular characterization of Cynoglossus semilaevis CD28." Fish & Shellfish Immunology 32, no. 5 (May 2012): 934–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2012.02.021.

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BAECK, Gun Wook, and Sung-Hoi HUH. "Age and Growth of Three-lined Tonguefish (Cynoglossus abbreviatus) (Soleidae; Teleostei)." Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 37, no. 1 (February 1, 2004): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5657/kfas.2004.37.1.051.

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Gu, Seon-Ok, Hak-Jin Hwang, and Jin-Koo Kim. "Morphological Description of Cynoglossus joyneri Larvae Collected from the Yellow Sea." Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 42, no. 6 (December 31, 2009): 725–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5657/kfas.2009.42.6.725.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cynoglossus"

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Sylla, Khalifa Serigne Babacar. "Valorisation de co-produits de la sole tropicale (Cynoglossus senegalensis) par hydrolyse enzymatique : application en nutrition animale." Lorient, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LORIS242.

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Ce travail s’inscrit dans le cadre de la valorisation des coproduits issus de la chaîne de transformation de la sole tropicale (Cynoglossus senegalensis) au Sénégal par la mise en œuvre d’hydrolyse enzymatique afin d’obtenir des protéines à haute valeur alimentaire. Des coproduits (viscères, têtes) de la sole tropicale, ont été hydrolysés avec une protéase à large spectre (Protamex®). Dans cette étude il ressort que le degré d’hydrolyse (DH) est influencé par la température de l’hydrolyse. Un DH de 19% est obtenu à 50°C alors qu’il atteint 25% à 40°C après 3 heures d’hydrolyse. Les hydrolysats correspondants apparaissent riches en protéines (jusqu’à 61%) avec une teneur de près de 10% en sels minéraux. L’étude de la distribution de taille moléculaire des peptides de l’hydrolysat fait ressortir une taille inférieurs à 1760 Daltons L’optimisation des conditions d’hydrolyse, nous a amené à faire varier la quantité d’eau utilisée au cours des hydrolyses dans le but d’avoir un procédé industrialisable plus économe (en eau et en énergie) Pour ce faire, les effets de la variation du volume d’eau (10%, 25%, 50% et 100% p/p) au cours de l’hydrolyse enzymatique de coproduits de la sole tropicale ont été comparés. Il ressort qu’une proportion de 50% d’eau est suffisante dans nos conditions pour solubiliser près de 60% des protéines. Les hydrolysats ainsi obtenus ont une valeur nutritionnelle élevée pour les poulets de chairs car ils possèdent en quantité suffisante neuf acides aminés essentiels pour l’alimentation animale. Des tests de nutrition animale ont été réalisés chez des poulets de chairs. A cet effet, deux essais ont été réalisés sur 1200 poulets de souche cobb 500 non sexés à partir de 14 jours d’âge. Les résultats ont montré que les hydrolysats de coproduits favorisent la croissance des poulets. Les poids vifs à 6 semaines sont de 2369,60 g (lot 1), 2189,60 g (lot 2), 2298,05 g (lot 3) contre 2158,20 g (lot témoin), avec des GMQ moyens respectifs de 78,20 g, 66,72 g, 69,89 g et 68,30 g. Les poids de carcasse sont de 2112,43 g (lot 1), 1994,67 g (lot 2), 2081,75 g (lot 3) et 1989,22 g (lot témoin). La consommation alimentaire est influencée par le niveau et la nature des protéines en phase de finition. Toutefois, leur présence provoque une détérioration de l’indice de consommation pendant la finition ; il est de 2,30 (lot 1), 2,07 (lot 2), 2,05 (lot 3) et 2,0 (lot témoin). La recherche d’éventuelles pistes de valorisation en nutrition humaine, nous a amené à effectuer une analyse sensorielle préliminaire. Le profil sensoriel a été établi par un jury expert de 14 personnes. Onze (11) profils ont été identifiés par ce panel de dégustation. Par ailleurs, la caractérisation aromatique a révélé que cinquante sept (57) molécules sont responsables de ces odeurs décrites en analyse sensorielle dont trente sept (37) ont été identifiées
This scope of work relates to the valorization of the tongue sole (Cynoglossus senegalensis) by-products resulting from the processing chain in Senegal by the implementation of enzymatic hydrolysis in order to obtain high value proteins. The by-products (viscera and heads) of tongue sole, were hydrolized with a large spectra protease (Protamex®). It appears that the hydrolysis degree (DH) was influenced by the temperature of the proteolysis. Indeed a DH=19% is obtained at 50°C while it reaches up to 25% at 40°C after 3 hours of enzymatic action. Resulting hydrolysates appears to be rich in protein (up to 61%° with around 10% of minerals. The study of the molecular distribution size of the peptides reveals that they are below 1760Da. The effect of the water proportion to conduce hydrolsis was studied. It appears that 50% of water is enough in our conditions to solubilize of four different water ratio to hydrolyze sole by-products by using Protamex® were compared. It was found t60% of the initial proteins. Resulting hydrolysates have a great nutritional value for seting up table fowls because they have in big quantity nine essential amino acids for the animal feed. Feed trials were then carried out on 1200 chickens (cobb 500) with 14 days of age. The results showed that high nutritional value by-products proteins increase the growth of the birds. Indeed, the live weights at 6 weeks are 2369. 60 G (batch 1), 2189. 60 G (batch 2), 2298. 05 G (batch 3) against 2158. 20 G (witness batch), with respective average GMQ of 78. 20 G, 66. 72 G, 69. 89 G and 68. 30 G. The carcass weights are 2112. 43 G (batch 1), 1994. 67 G (batch 2), 2081. 75 G (batch 3) and 1989. 22 G (witness batch). Food consumption seems little influenced by the level and the nature of proteins. However, their presence decreased the consumption index during the end of the study; it is 2. 30 (batch 1), 2. 07 (batch 2), 2. 05 (batch 3) and 20. 8 (witness batch). To identify the future application of hydrolysates in human food, a preliminary sensory analysis was carried out. The sensory profile was established with a jury of 14 expert judges. 11 profiles were found by this panel. In addition, the aromatic characterization revealed that 57 molecules are responsible for these odours described in sensory analysis. The description of these aromatic compounds opens potential way of valorization of these hydrolysates in human consumption
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Rabe, Jessica. "The behaviour, growth, and survival of witch flounder and yellowtail flounder larvae in relation to prey availability (Glyptocephalus cynoglossus, Pleuronectes ferrugineus)." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ47471.pdf.

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Conklin, Katie Lynn. "Aminocyclopyrachlor: Weed Control, Soil Dissipation, and Efficacy to Seedling Grasses." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/26628.

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Aminocyclopyrachlor was developed for invasive weed control in non-cropland. Weed control, soil dissipation, and seedling grass tolerance with aminocyclopyrachlor were evaluated in field and greenhouse trials. Weed control was evaluated with aminocyclopyrachlor applied at 70 to 210 g ha-1. Absinth wormwood was controlled when treated during vegetative growth, but yellow toadflax was only controlled at flowering. Aminocyclopyrachlor alone did not control houndstongue. Aminocyclopyrachlor dissipation generally increased as either soil moisture or temperature increased. The DT50 values ranged from 3 to > 112 d. Aminocyclopyrachlor applied to cool season grasses at 91 to 112 g ha-1 provided adequate weed control and was safe for use on intermediate wheatgrass, but injured western wheatgrass. Efficacy to green needlegrass could not be determined. Big bluestem, sideoats grama, and switchgrass were difficult to evaluate due to poor grass establishment, but minimal injury was observed when aminocyclopyrachlor was applied at 91 to 168 g ha-1.
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Momayyezi, Mina. "The effect of soil moisture stress on allelopathic influence of hound's-tongue (Cynoglossum officinale L.)." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/40927.

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Little information on the effect of environmental stressors on hound’s-tongue interaction with associated herbivores and grasses is available. This study investigated the effect of soil moisture stress (SMS) on allelopathic influence of hound’s-tongue on a) feeding preference and growth of grasshopper (Melanoplus sanguinipes Fab.) and b) seed germination and seedling growth of Idaho fescue (Festuca idahoensis Elmer), bluebunch wheatgrass (Agropyron spicatum (Pursh) Scribn. and J. G. Sm.), and hound’s-tongue (Cynoglossum officinale L.). Hound’s-tongue plants were grown under four SMS levels [100, 80, 60, and 40% field capacity (FC)] in a greenhouse. On intact hound’s-tongue, grasshoppers preferred mid-aged leaves of plants at 40% FC; whereas there was no consistent relationship between the leaf age and the area consumed for plants at 100% FC. Grasshoppers showed no statistically significant preference for discs excised from old leaves at 100 vs. 80, 60, or 40% FC. However, analyses of pooled results showed their preference for discs from old leaves at 60 and 40% over 100% FC. In bioassays employing discs from young leaves, grasshoppers significantly preferred young leaves at 40 compared to 100% FC. In disc choices between young and old leaves of plants at the same SMS, grasshoppers preferred young over old leaves at 40% FC. The greater preference and higher growth of grasshoppers on younger leaves of plants grown under higher SMS could increase our understanding of the effect of insects’ herbivory on hound’s-tongue under various SMS in rangelands. Inhibitory effects of hound’s-tongue leaf leachate on germination of hound’s-tongue and bluebunch wheatgrass and seedling growth of grasses increased with SMS only in one Petri dish experiment. In soil, hound’s-tongue leaf leachate and leaf residue from plants grown under SMS had either no or inconsistent allelopathic effects on seedling growth of grasses. Hound’s-tongue root elongation was inhibited in soil covered with residue from 40 compared to 80% FC plants. This study suggests that SMS could increase the inhibitory effect of hound’s-tongue mother plants on growth of its seedlings, but it may not have any ecologically significant effect on the allelopathic influence of hound’s-tongue on germination and seedling growth of neighboring grasses in nature.
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Williams, Jennifer Lynn. "An experimental demographic approach to exotic plant success: Cynoglossum officinale in its native and introduced ranges." The University of Montana, 2008. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-09302008-150625/.

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Invasive species often face novel abiotic and biotic environments with different selective regimes where they are introduced. How these changed conditions influence individual life-history traits, and what particular factors spur increases in population abundance in the introduced versus native range, are not well understood. I conducted parallel experiments in both the native and introduced ranges of a widespread plant invader in North America, houndstongue (Cynoglossum officinale). I combined these experimental results with demographic monitoring in each range, and population modeling, to explore how introduction has affected houndstongue demography and life-history evolution, and to determine the role of specialist herbivores and altered responses to disturbance in affecting plant population growth in both ranges.

From reciprocal common gardens in each range, I found substantial population-level plasticity in size and fecundity between native and introduced populations of houndstongue, but no significant genetically based differences in morphology. Differentiation of native populations in the magnitude of plasticity were much stronger than that of introduced populations, suggesting an important role for founder effects. From demographic data collected in each range, I found that both survival and growth were higher in the introduced range, where size at flowering was larger and iteroparity more common. Since iteroparity conferred higher fitness in both ranges, my results imply severe constraints on the evolution of this life-history strategy in the native range, potentially because specialist herbivores select for plants that flower only once. Finally, results from manipulative experiments at multiple sites in each range involving suppression of insect herbivore pressure and creation of small scale disturbances revealed several important results. First, specialist herbivores reduced plant size and fecundity in Germany, but generalist herbivores had no effect on plant performance in Montana. Second, in both ranges, seedling recruitment responded positively to disturbances, but seedling survival was more positively affected in Montana. Integrating these results into integral projection models of population growth suggest that while escape from enemies may contribute slightly to the increased abundance of houndstongue in North America, it is the differences in response to small disturbances that leads to higher abundance in the novel range compared to at home.

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Short, Constance Elizabeth. "The reproductive physiology of witch flounder, Glyptocephalus cynoglossus /." 2004.

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Stabell, Elisa Ulrika. "Physiology of Cynoglossum officinale seed dormancy and germination." Thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/3930.

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The role of the seed coat in inhibiting seed germination of Cynoglossum officinale, a rangeland weed in British Columbia, was studied. Pricking, acid and mechanical scarification increased germination significantly. These treatments increased O₂ uptake only slightly, with the exception of an initial burst in O₂ uptake by seeds mechanically scarified for 6 h. The results suggest that only a small percent of the six-fold increase in O₂ uptake following decoating, reported in an earlier study, is necessary for seed germination. Germination of seeds incubated at a high O₂ level was greater than that of seeds incubated in air, and O₂ uptake by seeds in O₂-saturated water was 150% higher than for seeds in air-saturated water. O₂ consumption by the seed coat was not a major factor in limiting O₂ availability to the embryo in the intact seed. These results taken together suggest that C. officinale seed coat regulates germination by restricting O₂ diffusion. The seed coat may also inhibit germination by mechanically restricting embryo expansion. The methanol-insoluble phenolics constitute <1% of the total phenolic pool in the embryo. Potential oxidation of methanol-insoluble phenolics can only account for a small percentage of the large increase in O₂ uptake following decoating. The relationship between seed phenolics and appearance of seed coat-imposed dormancy during seed development was studied. During the later maturation stages, the O₂ uptake by intact, and decoated seeds declined, with a larger decrease in intact seeds. In the most mature seeds there was a three-fold increase in O₂ uptake after decoating. Decoating also increased germination from 0% to 100%. As the seeds maturated, the methanol-soluble phenolic content of the embryo remained stable but that of the seed coat declined. This decline was associated with a large increase in thioglycolic acid-soluble phenolics, presumably lignin, in the seed coat. The results suggest that during later seed maturation stages, methanol-soluble phenolics in the seed coat are polymerized to lignin. The lignin may contribute to the formation of an O₂-impermeable and mechanically hard seed coat, which in turn may render the seed dormant.
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Qi, Meiqin. "Seed ecophysiology and plant population ecology of Cynoglossum officinale L. and Tragopogon spp." Thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/2213.

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In order to understand persistence strategies of Cynoglossum officinale L., Tragopogon pratensis L., and T. dubius Scop. in the rangelands of British Columbia, ecophysiological characteristics of seed germination in C. officinale and Tragopogon spp. and dynamics of seed and plant populations in T.pratensis were investigated. A deep innate (primary) dormancy was found in C. officinale seeds, and the seed coat of this species played an important role in the regulation of seed germination by controlling 02availability to the embryo. Removal of the seed coat stimulated02 uptake which was due to both an increase in seed respiration and phenolic oxidation; seeds of C. officinale contained high levels of phenolic substances and seed extracts showed high polyphenol oxidase activity. The seed coat also prevented leaching of phenolic substances, which however, were not necessary for seed germination. Rosmarinic acid, the mostprominent phenolic substance present in the seeds of C.officinale, did not inhibit germination of decoated seeds at concentrations up to 3 mM. Analysis of the pattern of methanol-extractable phenolic substances showed no significant quantitative or qualitative correlation between changes inspecific phenolic compounds and seed germination induced by stratification or seed coat removal. These results suggest that phenolic substances in C. officinale seeds do not inhibit germination of this weed, but seed coat regulates germination by controlling 02 availability to the embryo. Ecophysiological characteristics of T. pratensis and T.dubius seed germination were studied under controlled conditions. Existence of secondary dormancy in these species was demonstrated by inducing dormancy by anaerobiosis treatment. This dormancy may play an important role in the persistence of Tragopogon spp. Secondary dormancy could be released by stratification and after-ripening in T. pratensis, but not by light. Seeds germinated over a range of temperatures with 15 C as the optimumin both weeds. A seed burial study showed that increased seeding depth had no effect on seed germination, but reduced seedling emergence. These results suggest that seeds in Tragopogon spp.can germinate in darkness and the reservoir of non-dormant seeds will become completely depleted under conditions conducive to germination regardless of burial depth. Patterns of plant mortality and reproduction in populations of T. pratensis and dynamics of its seed banks were investigated. Seedlings were marked in 1990 and 1991 and their fates monitored. High density-independent seedling mortality was observed in both cohorts. None of the plants flowered in the first or second growing season in the 1990 cohort. These results indicate that T.pratensis is not a biennial species. Size of age-specific plants varied significantly suggesting variations in growth rate among individuals. Flowering and seed production in non-age-specific populations were correlated with the root crown diameter (RCD).The variation of minimum RCD for plants that flowered in two years (0.2 and 0.6 cm) suggested that T. pratensis does not have a critical size requirement for flowering. The dynamics of seed banks were studied in space and time. Seed burial depth had a significant effect on seed dormancy after 2 to 3 months of burial. The seed populations were almost completely depleted after 9 to 10 months of burial. Since T. pratensis only has a transient seed bank, high seed production and long vegetative survival may play important roles in the persistence of this weed.
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Books on the topic "Cynoglossus"

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Jong, Tom J. De. Cynoglossum officinale L.. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Cynoglossus"

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Wang, Qingkui, Yang Zhang, Dongqing Bai, Chengxun Chen, Yongjun Guo, and Kezhi Xing. "Estimation of Dietary Copper (Cu) Requirement of Cynoglossus semilaevis Günther." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 245–55. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45657-6_26.

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Gao, Jinwei, Wenli Zhou, and Ruinan Chen. "Acute Toxicity by Four Kinds of Oil Dispersants in Cynoglossus semilaevis." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 219–22. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45657-6_23.

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Chen, Song Lin, and Qian Zhou. "Half-Smooth Tongue Sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis ): Whole Genome Sequencing to Molecular Sex Control." In Aquaculture in China, 497–513. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119120759.ch6_2.

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Verdcourt, Bernard. "Cynoglossum." In Flora of Tropical East Africa, 102–16. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203755846-16.

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Azimova, Shakhnoza S., and Anna I. Glushenkova. "Cynoglossum zeylanicum." In Lipids, Lipophilic Components and Essential Oils from Plant Sources, 154. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-323-7_505.

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Azimova, Shakhnoza S., and Anna I. Glushenkova. "Cynoglossum divaricatum Steph." In Lipids, Lipophilic Components and Essential Oils from Plant Sources, 152. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-323-7_501.

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Azimova, Shakhnoza S., and Anna I. Glushenkova. "Cynoglossum lanceolatum Forsk." In Lipids, Lipophilic Components and Essential Oils from Plant Sources, 152–53. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-323-7_502.

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Azimova, Shakhnoza S., and Anna I. Glushenkova. "Cynoglossum officinale L." In Lipids, Lipophilic Components and Essential Oils from Plant Sources, 153–54. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-323-7_504.

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Sastry, K. Subramanya, Bikash Mandal, John Hammond, S. W. Scott, and R. W. Briddon. "Cynoglossum officinale (Houndstongue)." In Encyclopedia of Plant Viruses and Viroids, 805. New Delhi: Springer India, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-3912-3_294.

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Westendorf, J. "Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids — Cynoglossum officinale." In Adverse Effects of Herbal Drugs, 207–9. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-49340-9_17.

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Conference papers on the topic "Cynoglossus"

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Ma, Guoqiang, Yunchen Tian, and Xiaolan Lin. "Individual Weight Estimation of Cynoglossus-gracilis Based on Measurement of Irregular Image Area." In International Symposium on Mechanical Engineering and Material Science (ismems-16). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ismems-16.2016.22.

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Chen, Zhengqiang, Zhixian Yao, Mao Lin, and Jianbo Chang. "Isolation and identification of Vibrio rotiferianus from diseased half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis Günther)." In 2011 4th International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Informatics (BMEI). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bmei.2011.6098731.

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