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Journal articles on the topic 'Cytochrome c oxydase'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 14 February 2022

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1

Handfield, Daniel, and Louis Handfield. "A new species of Plusia (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from North America." Canadian Entomologist 138, no. 6 (2006): 853–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/n06-041.

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AbstractA new species of the genus Plusia Ochsenheimer is described from North America on the basis of differences in wing colour, markings, and genital structure. The new species, typically found in bogs, was first recognized through molecular sampling for the Barcode of Life Initiative and differs significantly from other species of Plusia in the cytochrome c oxydase I (COI) mitochondrial gene sequence.

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2

Maalej, Marwa, Thouraya Kammoun, Olfa Alila-Fersi, et al. "Cytochrome C oxydase deficiency: SURF1 gene investigation in patients with Leigh syndrome." Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 497, no. 4 (2018): 1043–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.02.169.

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3

Blanchet, E., L. Blondin, P. A. Gagnaire, A. Foucart, J. M. Vassal, and M. Lecoq. "Multiplex PCR assay to discriminate four neighbouring species of the Calliptamus genus (Orthoptera: Acrididae) from France." Bulletin of Entomological Research 100, no. 6 (2010): 701–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485310000052.

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AbstractDefinition of the genus Calliptamus (Orthoptera: Acrididae) has generated many taxonomic debates. Even now, the existence of different geographical morphs hinders species determination, particularly as concerns females and larvae. Some of these species are observed in southern France and are recognized as potential pests. To circumvent problems of species identification in ecological surveys, we developed a single multiplex PCR method based on mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxydase I diagnostic polymorphisms to differentiate between the four species, Calliptamus italicus, C. wattenwylianus, C. siciliae and C. barbarus, in southern regions of France.

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4

Kairupan, Claudius F., Roni Koneri, and Trina E. Tallei. "Variasi Genetik Troides helena (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) Berdasarkan Gen COI (Cytochrome C Oxydase I)." Jurnal MIPA 4, no. 2 (2015): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.35799/jm.4.2.2015.9039.

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Kupu-kupu Troides helena (Kupu-kupu Raja) merupakan salah satu spesies langka yang dilindungi. Eksploitasi yang berlebihan, serta alih fungsi hutan menjadi ancaman bagi kehidupan kupu-kupu ini. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui variasi pada gen cytochrome C oxidase I Troides helena yang diperoleh dari dua lokasi yang berbeda, yaitu Gunung Tumpa dan Gunung Dua-sudara. Analisis sekuens menunjukkan adanya perbedaan satu pasang basa nukleotida dari kedua spesimen tersebut. Selain itu, variasi juga ditunjukan pada sampel yang diperoleh dari basis data GenBank dengan adanya perbedaan 7-8 pasang basa nukleotida dengan spesimen pada penelitian ini. Hasil perhitungan jarak genetik menunjukkan bahwa meskipun secara geografis spesimen-spesimen uji ini berasal dari lokasi yang berjauhan, variasi genetik masih berada dalam kisaran variasi intraspesies.Troides helena (Common Birdwing) is listed as one of endangered and protected butterfly species. Excessive exploitation and forest conversion have become threat to the life of this butterfly. This study was conducted to determine the genetic variation of Troides helena obtained from Mt. Tumpa and Mt. Dua-sudara based on cytochrome C oxidase I gene. Sequence analysis shows one nucleotide difference between these two specimens. Moreover, genetic variation also has been shown by comparing these two specimen with other Troides helena obtained from database in GenBank. There are 7-8 nucleotides differences among tested specimens. The result of genetic distance calculations indicates that although geographically these test specimens derived from remote locations, the genetic variation is still within the range of intraspecific variation.

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5

Flaris, Alexandros N., Audrey Passaret, Catherine Vogt, et al. "Visualisation des mitochondries normales avec la coloration « Oxydase du Cytochrome C » chez le rat." Morphologie 99, no. 326 (2015): 98–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.morpho.2015.07.067.

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6

Achard-Joris, Maud, Patrice Gonzalez, Véronique Marie, Magalie Baudrimont, and Jean-Paul Bourdineaud. "Cytochrome c Oxydase Subunit I Gene is Up-regulated by Cadmium in Freshwater and Marine Bivalves." BioMetals 19, no. 3 (2006): 237–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10534-005-5671-9.

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7

Jiao, Run-Jie, Li-Hong Bai, and Jian-Jun Gao. "Descriptions of two new species of the genus Colocasiomyia (Diptera, Drosophilidae) breeding on Rhaphidophora host plants in Yunnan, China." ZooKeys 968 (September 16, 2020): 127–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.968.56677.

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The genus Colocasiomyia de Meijere (Diptera, Drosophilidae) is known to include 30 described and nearly 60 undescribed species classified into six species groups. Among these, the C. gigantea group of seven known species (two Southeast Asian and five Chinese) proved to be peculiar for its specificity on monsteroid (subfamily Monsteroideae, family Araceae) host plants. In this paper, two new species, C. todai Jiao &amp; Gao, sp. nov. and C. liae Jiao &amp; Gao, sp. nov., are described as members of the C. gigantea group with specimens collected from inflorescences of the monsteroid host species Rhaphidophora peepla (Roxb.) Schott and R. crassicaulis Engl. &amp; Krause, respectively, in Yunnan, China. The two new species are delimitated, in comparison with all known species, based on not only morphological but also DNA barcode (partial sequence of the mitochondrial COI, i.e., cytochrome c oxydase subunit I, gene) data. A revised key to all the nine species of the C. gigantea species group is provided.

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8

Monnot, S., B. Chabrol, A. Cano, et al. "Syndrome de Leigh avec déficit en cytochrome c oxydase lié à une mutation homozygote du gène SURF1." Archives de Pédiatrie 12, no. 5 (2005): 568–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arcped.2005.01.019.

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9

Yin, Yanqiang, Wei Jiang, Zhe Zhang, et al. "The divergence of small mammals in Xinjiang, China, as revealed by phylogentic analyses of COI and Cytb." Animal Biology 64, no. 2 (2014): 163–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15707563-00002435.

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Changes in the palaeoenvironment and paleoclimate expedite the process of evolutionary divergence in animals. The evolutionary events of some small mammals distributed in Xinjiang Arid Region remain ambiguous. Thus, it is necessary to predict their evolutionary histories based on divergence estimates. Some museum specimens were involved in this analysis because of sampling limitation for threatened species in the arid region. A related problem is that some mutilated specimens without complete taxonomic data made it difficult to directly analyze species divergence. Here, sequences of cytochrome c oxydase I were used to identify museum specimens and combined with cytochrome b to estimate the recent divergence of extant small mammals constrained with eight fossil calibrations. The results showed that the massive species differentiation emerged during the Middle and Late Miocene periods. We inferred that differentiation of these small mammals might be associated with the retreat of the Tethys Sea from the Tarim Basin around the Eocene-Oligocene boundary and the global climate fluctuations during the Miocene period. Furthermore, the aridification and changes in the Taklimakan and Gurbantunggut Deserts might have driven the diversification of intraspecies and the emergence of cryptic species since the Late Pleistocene.

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10

KATOH, TAKEHIRO K., GUANG ZHANG, CHUAN-JIANG ZHOU, and JIAN-JUN GAO. "Taxonomy of the Hirtodrosophila melanderi species group (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with descriptions of four new species from southwestern China." Zootaxa 4422, no. 3 (2018): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4422.3.2.

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The Hirtodrosophila melanderi species group contains nine known species recorded from either the Old or the New World. All these species were thought to be strict fungivorous drosophilids. In the present study, we give supplementary descriptions for three of these known species, all recorded from Yunnan, southwestern China, H. furcapenis, H. furcapenisoides, and H. longifurcapenis, by examining respective type specimen(s). We then describe four new species of the same group, H. seticlasper Katoh & Gao, sp. nov., H. spinicerca Katoh & Gao, sp. nov., H. serratifurcapenis Katoh & Gao, sp. nov., and H. truncifurca Katoh & Gao, sp. nov., all discovered recently from high altitudes (ca. 3,500 to 3,800 m a.s.l.) in Tibet (Xizang), southwestern China. The delimitation of these new species is firstly performed in light of morphology and further with the aid of DNA sequences of the mitochondrial COI (cytochrome c oxydase, subunits I) gene. In addition, a key to all the species of the species group is provided.

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11

Tabe, Yoko, Linhua Jin, Hiroko Iwanami, et al. "Analysis of Dasatinib-Induced Molecular Mechanisms of Apoptosis in Hypoxia-Adopted CML Cells Utilizing Quantitative Proteomics Technology." Blood 120, no. 21 (2012): 2773. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.2773.2773.

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Abstract Abstract 2773 Development of the second-generation ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) dasatinib in CML aimed at overcoming resistance to imatinib, to eliminate persistent residual disease and thus prevent recurrence of active leukemia after TKI discontinuation in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Hypoxia has recently been reported as an essential component of the leukemia BM microenvironment that promotes leukemia cell homing, survival and chemoresistance (Benito et al, PlosOne 2011). In this study, we investigated the anti-CML efficacy and molecular mechanisms of action of dasatinib under hypoxic conditions. We developed a hypoxia-adopted subclone of the KBM5 CML cell line (KMB5-HA), which was selected under 1.0% oxygen conditions, and an imatinib-resistant KBM5 subline bearing the T315I mutation (KBM5-T315I). KBM5-HA cells cultured under hypoxia accumulated in G0/G1 and exhibited moderate spontaneous apoptosis compared to KBM5 parental cells in normoxia (sub G1 %: KBM5 3.8±0.8, KBM5-HA 8.7±0.9; p=0.01; proportion of cells in G0/G1: KBM5 36.5±1.1%, KBM5-HA 52.4±6.6%; p=0.02, PI analysis). These cells displayed higher sensitivity to dasatinib than parental KBM cells (IC50; 1.3 nM for KBM5, 0.3 nM for KBM5-HA, at 48hrs by MTT). Low-dose dasatinib (0.5nM) which failed to cause inhibition of proliferation in parental KBM5 cells, caused significant apoptosis induction with cell cycle arrest in KBM-HA cells (sub G1 %: control 8.7±0.9, datatinib 49.1±16.9; p=0.02, G0/G1 %: control 52.4±6.4%, dasatinib 74.1±3.5%; p=0.01). In KBM5-T315I cells, dasatinib induced more prominent cell growth inhibition under hypoxia compared to normoxia (IC50 at 48hrs: normoxia 16.2 nM, hypoxia 3.7 nM). Treatment with 5nM dasatinib, which did not affect KBM5-T315I cell growth under normoxia, induced significant apoptotic effects under hypoxia (sub G1 %: control 6.9±0.9, dasatinib 20.3±3.3; p=0.05, G0/G1 %: control 57.3±5.8, dasatinib 67.4±8.9; p=0.41). We next investigated dasatinib-induced changes of Stat-5 and ERK activation in CML cells by immunoblotting Treatment with 0.5 nM dasatinib resulted in marked down-regulation of phosphorylated (p-) Stat-5 and p-ERK in both, KBM5 and KBM5-T315I cells. In KBM5-HA cells, however, no baseline expression of p-Stat-5 or p-ERK was detected. These results suggest that in KBM5-HA cells dasatinib induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest via Stat-5 or ERK-independent pathways. To investigate the candidate signaling factors responsible for dasatinib effects on KBM-HA, we performed the proteomic analysis utilizing proteomic technology of isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ, Applied Biosystems) coupled with two-dimensional-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. A total of 1,234 proteins were detected, and 296 proteins were found to be significantly up-regulated in response to dasatinib treatment in KBM5-HA cells. Among the up-regulated proteins, we found 39 proteins involved in apoptosis induction including Cytochrome C and Cytochrome C oxydase subunits (p<0.001). Mass spectrometry further revealed the up-regulation of apoptosis related mitochondrial chaperones HSP10 and HSP60 (p<0.001), suggesting a role of HSP60/HSP10 in mitochondrial membrane permeabilization. In summary, these findings unravel novel mechanisms of action of dasatinib under conditions mimicking the hypoxic BM microenvironment via induction of Cytochrome C oxydase and mitochondrial chaperones HSP10 and HSP60, which lead to loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential and release of apoptogenic Cytochrome C in CML cells. Disclosures: Tabe: Bristol-Myers Squibb: Research Funding.

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12

Subagiyo, Subagiyo, Retna Handayani, and Rahayu Rahayu. "Identifikasi dan Analisis Filogenetik Portunus trituberculatus Dari Perairan Cirebon Menggunakan Barkode Gen COI Mitokondrial." Jurnal Kelautan Tropis 21, no. 2 (2018): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jkt.v21i2.3091.

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Phylogenetic Identification and Analysis Portunus trituberculatus from Cirebon Coast Using the COI Barcode Mitochondrial Portunus trituberculatus spesimen from Cirebon coast were successfully identified using mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxydase subunit I (COI) genes. Analysis of haplotype distribution of P. trituberculatus along with the same species from China, Korea, India and the Philippines obtained from NCBI gene banks resulted 17 haplotypes from 25 specimens. Haploid diversity was 0.943 + 0.031 and nucleotide diversity was 0.04821 + 0.0139. The Cirebon specimen is in separated haplotipe from the others. The results of phylogenetic analysis showed that the 25 specimens were clustered into 3 clusters in 2 different lineages with percentages genetic distance were 12.76%, 14.24% and 14.33% respectively. The genetic distance within each cluster ranges from 0 - 2.92%. The Cirebon crab specimen is in the same cluster as the Philippine specimen with 1% genetic distance. Spesimen rajungan Portunus trituberculatus dari perairan Cirebon berhasil diidentifikasi menggunakan gen mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI). Analisis distribusi haplotipe dengan data P trituberculatus yang berasal dari China, Korea, India dan Filipina yang diperoleh dari data genebank NCBI didapatkan 17 haplotipe dari 25 spesimen, dengan keragaman haploid 0,943 +0.031 dan keragaman nukleotida 0,04821+0.0139. Spesimen Cirebon merupakan haplotipe yang terpisah dari yang lainnya. Hasil kajian filogenetik menunjukkan 25 spesimen mengelompok ke dalam 3 kluster dari 2 garis keturunan yang berbeda dengan jarak genetik berturut turut 12,76 %, 14,24 % dan 14,33 %. Jarak genetik di dalam masing-masing kluster berkisar antara 0 – 2,92 %. Spesimen rajungan Cirebon berada pada garis keturunan dan kluster yang sama dengan spesimen Filipina dengan jarak genetik 1%.

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13

Myroniuk, M. O., O. M. Arsan, and V. O. Khomenchuk. "Effect of Crude Oil and Diesel Fuel on Activity of Succinate Dehydrogenase and Cytochrome C Oxydase in Organism of Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)." Hydrobiological Journal 47, no. 4 (2011): 104–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/hydrobj.v47.i4.110.

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14

Flaris, Alexandros N., Audrey Passaret, Catherine Vogt, et al. "Étude des modifications mitochondriales lors du choc hémorragique (traité avec du remplissage) chez le rat, avec la coloration « Oxydase du Cytochrome C » au microscope optique." Morphologie 99, no. 326 (2015): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.morpho.2015.07.068.

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15

Yang, Yang, Yibo Zong, Qinwei Sun, Yimin Jia та Ruqian Zhao. "White light emitting diode suppresses proliferation and induces apoptosis in hippocampal neuron cells through mitochondrial cytochrome c oxydase-mediated IGF-1 and TNF-α pathways". Free Radical Biology and Medicine 113 (грудень 2017): 413–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.10.382.

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16

Gonmei, A., K. S. Thithila, J. S. Ahongshangbam, A. N. Rao, and D. S. Thokchom. "A study on floral phenology, pollination mechanisms and molecular characterisation of pollinator in Bulbophyllum careyanum (Orchidaceae)." South Asian Journal of Experimental Biology 4, no. 4 (2014): 191–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.38150/sajeb.4(4).p191-199.

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The present study focuses on flowering phenology, pollinator intensity in Bulbophyllum careyanum during different times of the day and visitation rates with the number of flowers per inflorescence. The average time taken from bud initiation of inflorescence till its maturity (27.4±0.79 days), flower longevity (15.3±1.09 days) and wilting period (4.2±0.27 days) were almost same during flowering seasons in two consecutive years (2012 and 2013). However, inflorescence bud initiation and flower opening delayed for about three weeks during 2013 as compared to the former. Hand pollination and bagging experiments showed that induced and spontaneous autogamy, agamospermy and geitonogamy failed to produce fruits, but flowers under natural conditions (control) and those introduced to xenogamy produced fruits with 23.3% and 86.7% respectively. Pollinators mostly visited the flowers during morning hours (0615-0645) and evening hours (1645-1710). Pollinator visitation rates were significantly correlated with the number of flowers per inflorescence (r values ranges from 0.84 to 1.00, significant at 0.01). Molecular characterisation of the pollinators were done by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification of four mitochondrial gene fragments (12s rDNA, 16s rDNA, Cytochrome c oxydase I and NADH 4 & 5 dehydrogenase). Different insect species including flies, wasps, grasshoppers and bees visited the B.careyanum flowers, but only Drosophila melanogaster was found to be the real pollinator.

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17

Rifaldo, Y., D. A. Mandasari, D. N. Rahmawati, et al. "Phylogenetic study of Changeable Hawk-eagle (Nisaetus cirrhatus) based on cytochrome-c oxydase subunit I (COI) gene as one of the conservation efforts in genetic diversity." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 590 (November 12, 2020): 012009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/590/1/012009.

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18

Attia El Hili, Rahma, Mohamed Sghaier Achouri, and Olivier Verneau. "Cytochrome c oxydase I phylogenetic analysis of Haemogregarina parasites (Apicomplexa, Coccidia, Eucoccidiorida, Haemogregarinidae) confirms the presence of three distinct species within the freshwater turtles of Tunisia." Parasitology International 82 (June 2021): 102306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.parint.2021.102306.

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19

Artuti, A. K., M. Sari, R. W. Retnaningtyas, D. Listyorini, and Suhadi. "A phylogenetic analysis of Crested Serpent Eagle (Spilornis cheela) based on cytochrome-c oxydase subunit I (COI): a stepping stone towards genetic conservation of raptors in Indonesia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 590 (November 12, 2020): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/590/1/012008.

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20

CÁRDENAS, PACO, and HANS TORE RAPP. "A review of Norwegian streptaster-bearing Astrophorida (Porifera: Demospongiae: Tetractinellida), new records and a new species." Zootaxa 3253, no. 1 (2012): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3253.1.1.

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We report and describe new material of streptaster-bearing Astrophorida sponges collected in Norway: Characellapachastrelloides, Pachastrella nodulosa sp. nov., Poecillastra compressa, Vulcanella cf. aberrans, Thenea abyssorum,Thenea levis, Thenea muricata and Thenea valdiviae. Because many of these species were described in the end of the 19thcentury their original descriptions are often incomplete. The Norwegian specimens are the basis for a revision of themorphology, taxonomy and distribution of these species. These are the first records of C. pachastrelloides and V. cf.aberrans from the Norwegian coast. Pachastrella nodulosa sp. nov. differs from Pachastrella monilifera by (i) its knobbysurface and (ii) the absence of large oxeas, (iii) its amphiasters have on average less actines and are less spiny, finally (iv)microxeas are rare and with a distinct morphology (although there is some doubt concerning their origin). In the presentstudy, Characella tuberosa (from South Africa), Pachastrella abyssi (from the North-West Atlantic) and Thenea schmidti(from the North-East Atlantic) are resurrected. To help their future identifications, all the Norwegian species describedwere associated with DNA barcodes: a cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene partial fragment and/or a 28S ribosomalgene partial fragment (C1–D2 domains). Furthermore, a key to the streptaster-bearing Astrophorida of the North-East Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea is also given (lithistids not included).Nous signalons la présence et décrivons des spécimens d’Astrophorida à streptasters nouvellement récoltés en Norvège:Characella pachastrelloides, Pachastrella nodulosa sp. nov., Poecillastra compressa, Vulcanella cf. aberrans, Theneaabyssorum, Thenea levis, Thenea muricata et Thenea valdiviae. Plusieurs de ces espèces ont été décrites de manièreincomplète à la fin du 19ème siècle. Les spécimens norvégiens sont l’occasion de réviser la morphologie, la taxonomie etla distribution de ces espèces. C’est la première fois que C. pachastrelloides et V. cf. aberrans sont mentionnés sur la côtenorvégienne. Pachastrella nodulosa sp. nov. se distingue de Pachastrella monilifera par (i) sa surface noduleuse et (ii)l’absence de grands oxes, (iii) ses amphiasters ont en moyenne moins d’actines et sont moins épineux, enfin (iv) lesmicroxes sont rares et ont une morphologie distincte (bien qu’il y ait encore des doutes sur leur origine). Au cours de notreétude, Characella tuberosa (d’Afrique du Sud), Pachastrella abyssi (de l’Atlantique Nord-Ouest) et Thenea schmidti (del’Atlantique Nord-Est) sont ressuscités. Afin d’aider leurs identifications futures, toutes les espèces de Norvège décritesont été associées à des code-barres moléculaires: un fragment partiel du gène de la sous-unité I du cytochrome c oxydase(COI) et/ou un fragment partiel du gène ribosomique 28S (domaines C1-D2). De plus, une clé pour identifier les Astrophorida à streptasters de l’Atlantique Nord-Est et de Méditerrannée est également fournie (lithistides non inclus).

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Leclerc, Joan, Debeissat Christelle, Socco-Lucca Marion, et al. "Influence of NADPH Oxidase Activity On the Reactive Oxygen Species Level in Human Leukemic Cells." Blood 120, no. 21 (2012): 4801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.4801.4801.

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Abstract Abstract 4801 Redox metabolism plays an important role in self-renewal and differentiation of hematopoietic and leukemic cells. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) level is highly regulated. This regulation involves antioxydative enzymes and it has been recently described that leukemic stem cells (LSC) overexpress glutathione peroxydase 3 (Herault O et al, J. Exp. Med, 2012). This overexpression is associated with a decrease in ROS level and p38MAPK inactivation. ROS level in leukemic cells could be also regulated by the activity of ROS producers, such as NADPH oxidase, known to catalyze an electron transfer from NADPH to oxygen producing superoxides which could generate other downstream ROS. The expression of this enzymatic complex (NOX family, 6 isoforms) has been established in the plasma cell membrane of normal CD34+ hematopoietic progenitors (Piccoli C et al, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 2007). The aim of this study was to decipher the expression of NADPH oxydase components in various human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) Different leukemic cell lines were used according FAB classification: KG1a (MO/M1), KG1 (M1), HL60 (M2), Kasumi 1 (M2), NB4 (M3), ML2 (M4), THP1 (M5), U937 (M5), MV4–11 (M5), K562 (M6). The cells were cultured (2.105 cells/mL, 37°C in 95% humidified air and 5% CO2) in RPMI 1640 with 20mmoL/L L-glutamine supplemented with 10% FCS, 100 units/mL penicillin G, and 100mg/mL streptomycin. The expression of NOX1, NOX2, NOX3, NOX4, NOX5, DUOX1, DUOX2, P22phox and P40phox, P47phox, P67phox, NOXO1, NOXA1 was quantified by RT-qPCR (Universal Probe Library, Roche). NOX2 and its regulatory subunits expression was quantified by SDS-PAGE and western-blot experiments. The effects of diphenylene iodonium (DPI), a specific NOX inhibitor, were evaluated by ROS quantification using dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA) staining followed by fluorimetry and flow cytometry analyses. The cells were washed twice in the physiological saline buffer (PBS) without calcium and magnesium, then incubated in PBS complemented with 0.5M MgCl2, 0.9M CaCl2, 20mM glucose (Picciocchi A et al, J. Biol. Chem., 2011) with or without 20μM DPI for 1 hour. The cells were distributed at 106cells per 200μL well in 96 wells plates. DCF-DA (10μM) was added to quantify the ROS level (flow cytometry) and to monitor ROS production kinetic (fluorimetry). NOX family genes expression showed that phagocyte oxidase NOX2 is expressed in all leukemic cell lines. Conversely the NOX2 isoforms were not expressed, or very weakly expressed in leukemic cell lines (NOX3 in KG1a; NOX4 in K562; DUOX1 in KG1a, KG1; DUOX2 in KG1a, KG1, HL60). P22phox, the second cytochrome b558 component was also expressed in all cell lines, this expression being higher than NOX2. The cytochrome b558 components were more expressed in differentiated leukemic cells (granulocytic and monocytic) than in undifferentiated cells (KG1a, KG1). NOX2 regulatory subunits were expressed in all leukemic cell lines, the lower level (especially P40phox, P47phox) being observed in KG1a. Proteins quantification confirmed RNA results. Cytochrome b558 components and regulatory subunits were expressed in all cell lines with a higher level in differentiated leukemias. Interestingly, the regulatory subunits were not observed in KG1a cells. Functional flow cytometry and fluorimetry studies revealed a decrease in ROS production in DPI exposed leukemic cell lines. This effect was higher in monocytic cell lines than in granulocytic and undifferentiated leukemias. In conclusion, NADPH oxidases are present in the AML cell membrane, and NOX contribution to the ROS level is higher in differentiated cells than in immature leukemias. Altogether these results suggest that NADPH oxidase is constitutively active in leukemic cells and influences the ROS level, suggesting a role in the pathophysiology of AML. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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22

Ahonsi, M. O., B. O. Agindotan, M. E. Gray, and C. A. Bradley. "First Report of Basal Stem Rot and Foliar Blight Caused by Pythium sylvaticum on Miscanthus sinensis in Illinois." Plant Disease 95, no. 5 (2011): 616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-08-10-0592.

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Miscanthus sinensis Anderss., a perennial grass, is native to eastern Asia. It has been widely grown as an ornamental in temperate regions of the world, including the United States, and recently has become an important component of public and private sector bioenergy feedstock Miscanthus selection programs. In August 2008, stem rot and blight was observed on M. sinensis plants in two irregular patches, ~2 to 2.5 × 1 to 1.5 m each in a trial plot that was preceded by corn, at the University of Illinois Energy Farm near Urbana, IL. At the time of the observation, most plants were dead and the wilted tillers had black, soft rotted basal stems. A few plants were stunted and the crowns of the tillers had black-to-brown soft rot. Some tillers' leaves were dead and others had turned light brown. Sample tissue fragments were surface disinfested in 0.5% NaOCl and plated on 1% water agar (WA). After 3 days of incubation in the dark at 23°C, colonies were transferred to corn meal agar (CMA), potato dextrose agar (PDA), or 10% V8 juice agar and incubated at 23°C under continuous white light for up to 2 weeks. Morphological characteristics of the isolates correspond to those originally described for Pythium sylvaticum W.A. Campb. & J.W. Hendrix (1). The mycelia grew and covered the 10-cm-diameter plates within 5 days. On PDA, the culture was a creamy white mycelial mat of coenocytic hyphae. The isolates produced only globose, terminal or intercalary hyphal swellings ranging from 28 to 48 μm in diameter, but no oogonia were produced on any of the three growth media. No zoospores were produced when agar blocks bearing mycelium were flooded with distilled water or 1% soil water. Sequence analysis was performed with the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the rDNA amplified with primer pair ITS1/ITS4 (3) and the mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxydase subunit II (cox II) gene using primers FM58/FM66 (2). The resulting 871-bp ITS nucleotide sequence (Accession No. HM991706) was identical among all three isolates analyzed and 99% identical (100% coverage) to ITS sequences of multiple isolates of P. sylvaticum in GenBank. Likewise, the 544-bp cox II sequence (Accession No. HQ454429) was 99% identical (97% coverage) to cox II sequences of multiple isolates of P. sylvaticum. Six pots of M. sinensis seedlings were inoculated by placing two CMA plugs of a 2-week-old culture of isolate F71 at the crown. The control pots were mock inoculated with sterile CMA plugs. The plants were incubated at ~90% relative humidity (RH) and 25°C day and 22°C night for 3 days, and thereafter left on the greenhouse bench at ~65% RH with alternating 9 h of darkness and 15 h of light. Three weeks after inoculation, two of the inoculated seedlings wilted, others were stunted with leaves wilting from the tip downwards and the stems rotting from the crown upward. A thick mat of mycelia was seen on the rotted basal stems. No symptoms were observed in the control. P. sylvaticum was reisolated from both the rotted basal stems and the wilted foliage. To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. sylvaticum on M. sinensis. Infestation of farm soils with P. sylvaticum could limit M. sinensis biomass production significantly by limiting seedling establishment. References: (1) W. A. Campbell and F. F. Hendrix. Mycologia 59:274, 1967. (2) F. M. Martin. Mycologia 92:711, 2000. (3) T. J. White et al. Page 38 in: PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications. M. A. Innis et al., eds. Academic Press, San Diego, 1990.

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Montecchio, L., and M. Faccoli. "First Record of Thousand Cankers Disease Geosmithia morbida and Walnut Twig Beetle Pityophthorus juglandis on Juglans nigra in Europe." Plant Disease 98, no. 5 (2014): 696. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-10-13-1027-pdn.

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Thousand cankers disease (TCD) of walnut is responsible for widespread mortality of black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) in the United States since the mid-1990s (2). The disease is caused by the fungus Geosmithia morbida Kolařik (Ascomycota, Hypocreales), vectored by the walnut twig beetle Pityophthorus juglandis Blackman 1928 (Coleoptera, Scolytinae). In September 2013, TDC was observed in northeastern Italy (Bressanvido, Vicenza, 45°39′ N, 11°38′ E) in black walnuts of different ages: ~80-year-old plants growing in a garden and 17-year-old trees belonging to a nearby walnut plantation for timber production. Main symptoms were yellowing, wilting, twig and branch dieback, and a high number of small bark cankers (3). Longitudinal and radial sections collected through the cankers revealed gray to brown discoloration of both phloem and outer bark, and the presence of bark beetle galleries radiating from the mating chamber and developing horizontally (across the wood grain), and vertical (along the grain) larval galleries. Occasionally, discoloration involved the outward xylematic tissues. Fungal fruiting bodies were not found on or near the cankers. Whitish mycelium, sometimes producing verticillate conidiophores, was frequently detected inside galleries. A number of 1- to 3-cm diameter twigs showing cankers up to 2 cm long surrounding bark beetle penetration holes were randomly collected. From samples, emerging beetles were identified as P. juglandis both morphologically (4) and genetically. DNA extraction was carried following a standard salting out protocol. The barcode region of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxydase I was then amplified using universal primers (1) and sequenced, obtaining 627 bp. BLAST analysis showed 100% identity to P. juglandis. Sequences were finally deposited in the BoldSystem database (GenBank Accession No. KF725084). From the necrotic margin of six cankers previously surface-sterilized with 3% sodium hypochlorite, two 3-mm-wide chips per canker were placed on potato dextrose agar and incubated at 23 ± 1°C in the dark. Among a variety of microorganisms, slow growing lobate, plane, yellowish-ochre colonies with hyaline mycelium appeared in 6 days. After subculturing to the same medium, growing features, mycelium, conidiophores, and conidia with morphological characteristics matching Kolařik's description of G. morbida (2) were observed. Same result was obtained culturing the mycelium growing inside the galleries. The ITS region of rDNA was amplified using ITS1F and ITS4 primers and sequenced, obtaining 597 bp. BLAST analysis showed 100% identity to G. morbida strain U173 (HF546283.1) for 558 bp. To our knowledge, this is the first record of TCD and P. juglandis to Europe, where walnut species (mainly J. regia, J. nigra, and their hybrids) are intensively cultivated for timber production. This finding is therefore of particular importance. An intensive survey of the disease is suggested, both to assess fungus/beetle presence and to verify possible pathways of introduction, likely associated to importation of infested/infected timber from native Nearctic regions. Voucher specimens are stored in the TeSAF herbarium (fungus) and in the DAFNAE insect collection. References: (1) O. Folmer et al. Mol. Marine Biol. Biotechnol. 3:294, 1994. (2) M. Kolařik et al. Mycologia 103:325, 2011. (3) C. Nischwitz and M. Murray, Utah Pests Fact Sheet, PRP-015pr, 2011. (4) S. L. Wood. Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs 6:1123, 1982.

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VanLare, Ian J., and G. W. Claus. "Purification and properties of NAD(P)-independent polyol dehydrogenase complex from the plasma membrane ofGluconobacter oxydans." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 53, no. 4 (2007): 504–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w07-006.

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Gluconobacter oxydans rapidly oxidizes many different polyhydroxy alcohols (polyols). Polyol oxidations are catalyzed by constitutively synthesized membrane-bound dehydrogenases directly linked to the electron transport chain. A polyol-oxidizing enzyme was isolated from the membranes of G. oxydans and tested for its ability to oxidize various substrates. The enzyme was composed of three subunits: a 67 kDa catalytic unit, a 46 kDa c-type cytochrome, and a 15 kDa subunit. The enzyme oxidized compounds containing three or more hydroxyl groups but did not oxidize mono-, di-, or cyclic alcohols; aldehydes; carboxylic acids; or mono- or di-saccharides. Therefore, we propose this enzyme be considered a polyol dehydrogenase.

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Ferrer, Juliano, and Laura M. Donin. "A new species of Ituglanis (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae) from the rio Uruguai basin, southern Brazil." Neotropical Ichthyology 15, no. 3 (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-20170057.

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ABSTRACT A new species of Ituglanis associated to the grasslands of the Pampa biome is described from the rio Uruguai basin, southern Brazil. The new species is distinguished from its congeners by the low number of ribs and by a unique color pattern composed of an outer layer with scattered round black blotches equivalent in size to the eye circumference over a reddish brown background on the lateral surface of the body. We provide the genetic sequences of the mitochondrial gene Cytochrome c Oxydase subunit I (COI) for three of the paratypes and discuss aspects about the recent discovery of the new species.

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Moreira, Daniel A., Paulo A. Buckup, Marcelo R. Britto, et al. "The complete mitochondrial genome of Corydoras nattereri (Callichthyidae: Corydoradinae)." Neotropical Ichthyology 14, no. 1 (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-20150167.

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ABSTRACT The complete mitogenome of Corydoras nattereri , a species of mailed catfishes from southeastern Brazil, was reconstructed using next-generation sequencing techniques. The mitogenome was assembled using mitochondrial transcripts from the liver transcriptomes of three individuals, and produced a circular DNA sequence of 16,557 nucleotides encoding 22 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes and two noncoding control regions (D-loop, OrigL). Phylogeographic analysis of closely related sequences of Cytochrome Oxydase C subunit I (COI) demonstrates high diversity among morphologically similar populations of C. nattereri . Corydoras nattereri is nested within a complex of populations currently assigned to C. paleatus and C. ehrhardti . Analysis of mitogenome structure demonstrated that an insertion of 21 nucleotides between the ATPase subunit-6 and COIII genes may represent a phylogenetically informative character associated with the evolution of the Corydoradinae.

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"Hydrophidae identification through analysis on cytochrome c oxydase I(COI) and ribosome 16s rDNA gene barcode." China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica, May 15, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4268/cjcmm20161005.

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Yang, Yang. "White light emitting diode suppresses proliferation and induces apoptosis in hippocampal neuron cells through mitochondrial cytochrome c oxydase‐mediated IGF‐1 and TNF‐α pathways". FASEB Journal 32, S1 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.2018.32.1_supplement.864.1.

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Henriques, Isabel, María Gutiérrez-Fernández, Berta Rodríguez-Frutos, Jaime Ramos-Cejudo, José Ferro, and Exuperio Díez-Tejedor. "Abstract TP103: Brain Protection Effect By Exposure To Hydrogen Sulphide In Cerebral Infarct In Rat." Stroke 44, suppl_1 (2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/str.44.suppl_1.atp103.

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Introduction: Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) can regulate oxygen consumption by competing with O2 in binding to cytochrome C oxydase. At micro molar concentrations H2S interferes with antinecrotic and antiapoptotic mechanisms, including up regulation of cytoprotective genes. We studied the effect of H2S exposure on lesion and functional recovery after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) in rats. Methods: Young adult male and female Sprague- Dawley rats distributed into three groups: 1- Sham (control for craniotomy); 2-Control: Surgery + permanent MCAO; 3- Treated: Surgery + permanent MCAO + inhalation of 40 ppM hydrogen sulphide. We analyzed functional outcome (Rogers modified scale), lesion volume by MRI at 24h and 14 day and by hematoxyline-eosin, cell death by TUNEL, repair markers implicated in brain plasticity (cellular proliferation by BrdU, GFAP (glial fibrillar acis protein), VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), Synaptophysine) by western-blot and immunofluorescence at 14 days. Rats were sacrificed at day 14th. Results: Treated animals showed a benefit in functional outcome both at 24h (p = 0,004445) and sacrifice day (p = 0,000942). We observed a decrease in infarct size at day 14th on MRI (p= 0,0383 ) and in Hematoxyline Eosine infarct areas (p= 0.026672 ). At 24 hours there was no statistical difference on MRI (p= 0,380644). TUNEL analysis showed a decrease in the expression of marked cells in the perinfarct zone of treated animals (p= 0,048877). We did not observe significant differences in cellular proliferation (BrdU), GFAP, VEGF and synapthophysin levels between control and treated groups. Conclusions: Exposure to hydrogen sulphide in rats with cerebral infarct was effective in functional recovery associated to brain protection mechanisms with reduction in size volume and cell death and may be associated with reperfusion increased but not in repair effects.

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Signaboubo, Djoukzoumka, Vincent Khan Payne, Ibrahim Mahamat Alhadj Moussa, et al. "Diversity of tsetse flies and trypanosome species circulating in the area of Lake Iro in southeastern Chad." Parasites & Vectors 14, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-021-04782-7.

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Abstract Background African trypanosomiases are vector-borne diseases that affect humans and livestock in sub-Saharan Africa. Although data have been collected on tsetse fauna as well as trypanosome infections in tsetse flies and mammals in foci of sleeping sickness in Chad, the situation of tsetse fly-transmitted trypanosomes remains unknown in several tsetse-infested areas of Chad. This study was designed to fill this epidemiological knowledge gap by determining the tsetse fauna as well as the trypanosomes infecting tsetse flies in the area of Lake Iro in southeastern Chad. Methods Tsetse flies were trapped along the Salamat River using biconical traps. The proboscis and tsetse body were removed from each fly. DNA was extracted from the proboscis using proteinase K and phosphate buffer and from the tsetse body using Chelex 5%. Tsetse flies were identified by amplifying and sequencing the cytochrome c oxydase I gene of each tsetse fly. Trypanosome species were detected by amplifying and sequencing the internal transcribed spacer 1 of infecting trypanosomes. Results A total of 617 tsetse flies were trapped; the apparent density of flies per trap per day was 2. 6. Of the trapped flies, 359 were randomly selected for the molecular identification and for the detection of infecting trypanosomes. Glossina morsitans submorsitans (96.1%) was the dominant tsetse fly species followed by G. fuscipes fuscipes (3.1%) and G. tachinoides (0.8%). Four trypanosome species, including Trypanosoma vivax, T. simiae, T. godfreyi and T. congolense savannah, were detected. Both single infection (56.7%) and mixed infections of trypanosomes (4.6%) were detected in G. m. submorsitans. The single infection included T. simiae (20.5%), T. congolense savannah (16.43%), T. vivax (11.7%) and T. godfreyi (9.8%). The trypanosome infection rate was 61.4% in G. m. submorsitans, 72.7% in G. f. fuscipes and 66.6% in G. tachinoides. Trypanosome infections were more prevalent in tsetse bodies (40.6%) than in the proboscis (16.3%). Conclusion This study revealed the presence of different tsetse species and a diversity of trypanosomes pathogenic to livestock in the area of Lake Iro. The results highlight the risks and constraints that animal African trypanosomiasis pose to livestock breeding and the importance of assessing trypanosome infections in livestock in this area.

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