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Journal articles on the topic 'D)-ASD'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Undang, Diyah Rakanita, Mei Neni Sitaresmi, and Roni Naning. "Hypovitaminosis D as a risk factor for severe autism spectrum disorder." Paediatrica Indonesiana 61, no. 2 (2021): 82–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/pi61.2.2021.82-8.

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Background Vitamin D is an important risk factor for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, research on hypovitaminosis D as a risk factor for severe ASD has been limited. To our knowledge, no such studies have been done in Indonesia. Objective To evaluate hypovitaminosis D as a risk factor for severe ASD. Methods This cross-sectional study included children aged 2-18 years who fulfilled the ASD DSM-5 diagnostic criteria. Subjects were consecutively sampled from April - June 2019 at the Child Growth and Polyclinic, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta. Assessment of ASD seve

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Petruzzelli, Maria G., Lucia Marzulli, Francesco Margari, et al. "Vitamin D Deficiency in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Study." Disease Markers 2020 (September 19, 2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9292560.

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Vitamin D plays a role in central nervous system (CNS) development. Recent literature focused on vitamin D status in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but with inconsistent results. Our case-control study is aimed at evaluating serum 25-hydroxyl-vitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration in children with ASD (ASD group, n=54) compared to children affected by other neurological and psychiatric disorders (non-ASD group, n=36). All patients were admitted at the Complex Operative Unit of Child Neuropsychiatry, Polyclinic of Bari, Italy. 25(OH)D was quantified by chemiluminescenc

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Alzghoul, Loai. "Role of Vitamin D in Autism Spectrum Disorder." Current Pharmaceutical Design 25, no. 41 (2020): 4357–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612825666191122092215.

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: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a pervasive developmental disorder with heterogeneous etiology. Vitamin D can function as a fat-soluble vitamin as well as a hormone, and can exert its effect through both genomic and non-genomic mechanisms. In the last decades, several studies have examined the relationship between vitamin D levels and ASD. These studies demonstrated that low vitamin D status in early development has been hypothesized as an environmental risk factor for ASD. Both in vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated that vitamin D deficiency in early life can alter brain developme

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Azhari, Sheren A. "25-hydroxyvitamin D Level in Autism Spectrum Disorders and the Efficacy of Vitamin D Supplementation in Saudi Autistic Children." Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International 35, no. 10 (2023): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jpri/2023/v35i107353.

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Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a frequent developmental disease characterized by defects in nonverbal and verbal communication, pervasive deficits in social interaction, and stereotyped patterns of activities and interests. Previous researches reported vitamin D deficiency in autistic children; however, there is a deficiency of vitamin D supplementation trials in ASD children. This study aimed to assess vitamin D levels in ASD children and the effects of vitamin D supplementation on behavior and ASD score severity. Methods: Eleven Saudi autistic children (9 males and 2 fem

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Wang, Zuqun, Rui Ding, and Juan Wang. "The Association between Vitamin D Status and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Nutrients 13, no. 1 (2020): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13010086.

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The association between vitamin D status and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is well-investigated but remains to be elucidated. We quantitatively combined relevant studies to estimate whether vitamin D status was related to ASD in this work. PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched to include eligible studies. A random-effects model was applied to pool overall estimates of vitamin D concentration or odds ratio (OR) for ASD. In total, 34 publications involving 20,580 participants were identified in this present study. Meta-analysis of 24 case–control studies demonst

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Rossignol, Daniel A., and Richard E. Frye. "Cerebral Folate Deficiency, Folate Receptor Alpha Autoantibodies and Leucovorin (Folinic Acid) Treatment in Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Journal of Personalized Medicine 11, no. 11 (2021): 1141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm11111141.

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The cerebral folate receptor alpha (FRα) transports 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) into the brain; low 5-MTHF in the brain causes cerebral folate deficiency (CFD). CFD has been associated with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and is treated with d,l-leucovorin (folinic acid). One cause of CFD is an autoantibody that interferes with the function of the FRα. FRα autoantibodies (FRAAs) have been reported in ASD. A systematic review was performed to identify studies reporting FRAAs in association with ASD, or the use of d,l-leucovorin in the treatment of ASD. A meta-analysis examined the prevale

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Kristianto, Budi, Nining Febriyana, and Royke Tony Kalalo. "The Relationship between Vitamin D and Autism Spectrum Disorder." Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research 5, no. 12 (2021): 1253–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.32539/bsm.v5i12.430.

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The tendency for autism spectrum disorders or also known as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is increasing globally, even becoming 1 per 54 in 2016. Until now, the cause of autism is not known for certain, ASD is considered to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. One of the environmental factors in this case is related to nutrition, one of which is vitamin D. Vitamin D deficiency is often found among children with ASD. Several studies have shown that vitamin D is involved in various brain bioprocesses including neuromodulation and nerve transmission and brain function while als

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Afroz, Sharmin, Shelina Begum, Shorifa Shahjadi, Umme Raihan Siddiqi, and Nusrat Mahruba. "Evaluation of Serum Vitamin D in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder." Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin 47, no. 1 (2022): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v47i1.55795.

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Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder that may cause lifelong disability. The aetiology of ASD involves gene-environmental interaction. Vitamin D plays an important role in brain development and maturation. Objective: This study was aimed to compare serum vitamin D in children with autism spectrum disorder with that of the healthy control. Methods: This case-control study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka. Blood sample from 50 diagnosed children with ASD and 50 apparently healt

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Siracusano, Martina, Assia Riccioni, Roberta Abate, Arianna Benvenuto, Paolo Curatolo, and Luigi Mazzone. "Vitamin D Deficiency and Autism Spectrum Disorder." Current Pharmaceutical Design 26, no. 21 (2020): 2460–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612826666200415174311.

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: Vitamin D is a neurosteroid hormone crucially involved in neurodevelopment. Neural cell proliferation, neurotransmission, oxidative stress and immune function represent the main mechanisms mediated by vitamin D in the Central Nervous System. Therefore, its deficiency during pregnancy and early childhood may significantly impact on a developing brain, leading to possible adverse neuropsychological outcomes including Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Significant vitamin D deficiency is described within children affected by ASD and in pregnant mothers whose offspring will later develop ASD, sugge

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Magnusson, Cecilia, Kyriaki Kosidou, Christina Dalman, et al. "Maternal vitamin D deficiency and the risk of autism spectrum disorders: population-based study." BJPsych Open 2, no. 2 (2016): 170–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjpo.bp.116.002675.

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BackgroundMaternal vitamin D deficiency may increase risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but direct evidence is lacking.AimsTo clarify the relationship between maternal vitamin D deficiency and offspring risk of ASD with and without intellectual disability.MethodUsing a register-based total population study (N=509 639), we calculated adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIS) of ASD with and without intellectual disability in relation to lifetime diagnoses of maternal vitamin D deficiency. Although rare, such deficiency was associated with offspring risk of ASD with, bu

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Guiducci, Letizia, Cristina Vassalle, Margherita Prosperi, et al. "Vitamin D Status in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Determinants and Effects of the Response to Probiotic Supplementation." Metabolites 12, no. 7 (2022): 611. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo12070611.

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A relationship between the presence of clinical symptoms and gastrointestinal (GI) disturbances associated with nutritional deficiencies, including vitamin D (25(OH)D) deficiency, has been observed in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The aim was to evaluate 25(OH)D levels according to the annual rhythm cycle, gender, the severity of autism, nutritional or clinical status, inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers, GI symptoms, and the clinical response to probiotic/placebo supplementation in preschooler children with ASD. Eighty-one ASD preschoolers (67 males) were assessed with standardized tools

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Kittana, Monia, Asma Ahmadani, Lily Stojanovska, and Amita Attlee. "The Role of Vitamin D Supplementation in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Narrative Review." Nutrients 14, no. 1 (2021): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14010026.

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Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) present with persistent deficits in both social communication and interactions, along with the presence of restricted and repetitive behaviors, resulting in significant impairment in significant areas of functioning. Children with ASD consistently reported significantly lower vitamin D levels than typically developing children. Moreover, vitamin D deficiency was found to be strongly correlated with ASD severity. Theoretically, vitamin D can affect neurodevelopment in children with ASD through its anti-inflammatory properties, stimulating the product

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Khaled, Saad. "Autism and Vitamin D." Open Journal of Pediatrics and Child Health 3, no. 1 (2017): 009–10. https://doi.org/10.17352/pjpt.000013.

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental syndrome. It begins before three years of age. ASD is characterized by pervasive deficits in social interaction, impairment in verbal and nonverbal communication, and stereotyped patterns of interests and activities. The increasing incidence of ASD in the pediatric population and the lack of successful curative therapies make ASD one of the most challenging disorders for medicine [1,2]. The pathogenesis of ASD is bewildering. The chemosensory immune system participates in neuro development, regulating neuronal proliferation, synaps

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Şengenç, Esma, Ertuğrul Kıykım, and Sema Saltik. "Vitamin D levels in children and adolescents with autism." Journal of International Medical Research 48, no. 7 (2020): 030006052093463. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060520934638.

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Objective This study aimed to investigate the relationship between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and vitamin D levels in children and adolescents. Methods We measured serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) levels in 1529 patients with ASD aged 3 to 18 years, without any additional chronic diseases. Levels of 25-OHD were compared according to sex, age (<11 or ≥11 years), and birth season. Additionally, laboratory parameters (calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, and 25-OHD) of 100 selected patients with ASD were compared with those of the healthy control group. Results Vitamin D deficiency

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Sultan, Sadia, Noor Alhejin, Raed Serafi, et al. "Does Vitamin D Deficiency Increase the Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder? Linking Evidence with Theory—A Narrative Review." Psychiatry International 6, no. 1 (2025): 22. https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint6010022.

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Introduction: Vitamin D plays a crucial role in brain health by providing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective benefits. It regulates neurotransmitters and neurotrophins that are essential for the development, maintenance, and functioning of the nervous system. Deficiency in vitamin D during pregnancy and early childhood can disrupt neurodevelopment, potentially contributing to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The aim of this narrative review was to analyze the potential link between vitamin D deficiency and the development of ASD, as well as to explore the therapeutic benefits o

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Srinivasan, Shylaja, Julia O’Rourke, Sara Bersche Golas, Ann Neumeyer, and Madhusmita Misra. "Calcium and Vitamin D Supplement Prescribing Practices among Providers Caring for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Are We Addressing Bone Health?" Autism Research and Treatment 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6763205.

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Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have several risk factors for low bone mineral density. The gluten-free, casein-free (GFCF) diet is a complementary therapy sometimes used in ASD that raises concerns for the adequacy of calcium and vitamin D intake. This study evaluated the prescribing practices of calcium and vitamin D supplements and the practice of checking 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) levels by providers in 100 children with ASD, 50 of whom were on the GFCF diet. Fifty-two percent and 46% of children on the GFCF diet were on some form of vitamin D and calcium supplements, re

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Vinkhuyzen, Anna A. E., Darryl W. Eyles, Thomas H. J. Burne, et al. "Gestational vitamin D deficiency and autism spectrum disorder." BJPsych Open 3, no. 2 (2017): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjpo.bp.116.004077.

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BackgroundThere is growing interest in linking vitamin D deficiency with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). The association between vitamin D deficiency during gestation, a critical period in neurodevelopment, and ASD is not well understood.AimsTo determine the association between gestational vitamin D status and ASD.MethodBased on a birth cohort (n=4334), we examined the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), assessed from both maternal mid-gestation sera and neonatal sera, and ASD (defined by clinical records; n=68 cases).ResultsIndividuals in the 25OHD-deficient group at mid-gestat

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Ogbu, Destiny, Eric Xia, and Jun Sun. "Gut instincts: vitamin D/vitamin D receptor and microbiome in neurodevelopment disorders." Open Biology 10, no. 7 (2020): 200063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsob.200063.

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The gut microbiome regulates a relationship with the brain known as the gut–microbiota–brain (GMB) axis. This interaction is influenced by immune cells, microbial metabolites and neurotransmitters. Recent findings show gut dysbiosis is prevalent in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) as well as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). There are previously established negative correlations among vitamin D, vitamin D receptor (VDR) levels and severity of ASD as well as ADHD. Both vitamin D and VDR are known to regulate homeostasis in the brain and the intestinal microbiome. This review summar

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Walhout, Sharon JN, Johan van Zanten, Laura DeFuentes-Merillas, Christina KME Sonneborn, and Marc Bosma. "Patients With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Co-occurring Substance Use Disorder: A Clinical Intervention Study." Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment 16 (January 2022): 117822182210855. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11782218221085599.

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Background: The prevalence of substance use disorders (SUD) in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) appears to be higher than previously described. Attention has been drawn to developing new treatment approaches for this patient population, as they appear to do less well with traditional addiction treatment. There is very little research addressing treatment outcome. This study aims to introduce and evaluate a manualized group treatment intervention developed specifically for patients with ASD and co-occurring SUD. Methods: We developed a group treatment based on cognitive behaviou

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Amy O’ Dell, Allegra Saunders, Julian Gonzalez, and Holly A. Haynes. "Neurobiological and Functional Outcomes of the Interpersonal Whole-Brain Model of Care in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Mixed-Methods Study." Studies in Psychological Science 3, no. 1 (2025): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.56397/sps.2025.06.01.

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The Interpersonal Whole-Brain Model of Care (IWBMC™) presents a comprehensive intervention for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) targeting neurobiological frameworks. This mixed-methods study evaluated its efficacy through QEEG connectivity analysis of a longitudinal case study and pre-post outcomes from 61 ASD clients. Results demonstrated normalization of brain connectivity patterns alongside statistically significant improvements with large effect sizes across behavioral regulation (d=1.26), emotional recognition (d=0.98), cognitive functioning (d=0.84), and neurophysiological integration (d=1

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Tulumbacı, Fatih, Emre Korkut, and Hazal Özer. "Comparative Evaluation of Oral Health Status in Healthy Children and Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder." Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases 15, no. 05 (2020): 223–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1709659.

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Abstract Objective Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is regarded a severe neuropsychiatric disorder. The objective of this study was to compare the status of the oral health between children with and without ASDs. Methods A total of 95 children (44 with ASD and 51 without ASD) were included. dmft/DMFT (d/D: decay; m/M: missing; f/F: filling; t/T: teeth) scores and plaque data of all participants were recorded. Saliva Streptococcus mutans and lactobacilli load were determined using CRT bacteria. Results Streptococcus mutans load was >105 CFU in 54.5% of the ASD group and 43.1% in the non-ASD gr

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Yau, Ee Yun, Nurshaida Samingan, Muhammad Yazid Jalaludin, and Azriyanti Anuar Zaini. "VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY AND CENTRAL PRECOCIOUS PUBERTY (CPP) IN CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER (ASD) - A CASE SERIES." Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies 37 (July 15, 2022): 19. https://doi.org/10.15605/jafes.037.s2.77.

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INTRODUCTION More children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are being recognised. Management of ASD remains challenging. We report 2 children with ASD manifesting with Vitamin D deficiency and 5 children with ASD and central precocious puberty (CPP). DSM-5 classification is used to describe the autism severity. CASES Two patients presented with symptomatic hypocalcaemia. Patient A (13 years old; severe ASD level 3) had carpopedal spasms and Patient B (3 years old; ASD level 3) had rickets. Both had restricted diet variations and were stunted (height SDS -2.07 and -2.9 respectively). Patient

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VanDam, Mark, and Christine Yoshinaga-Itano. "Use of the LENA Autism Screen with Children who are Deaf or Hard of Hearing." Medicina 55, no. 8 (2019): 495. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina55080495.

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Background and Objectives: This systematic review reports the evidence from the literature concerning the potential for using an automated vocal analysis, the Language ENvironment Analysis (LENA, LENA Research Foundation, Boulder, CO, USA) in the screening process for children at risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and deaf or hard of hearing (D/HH). ASD and D/HH have increased comorbidity, but current behavioral diagnostic and screening tools have limitations. The LENA Language Autism Screen (LLAS) may offer an additional tool to disambiguate ASD from D/HH in young children. Materials and

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Kwon, Jinhwan, and Hiromi Kotani. "Quantifying Body Motion Synchrony in Autism Spectrum Disorder Using a Phase Difference Detection Algorithm: Toward a Novel Behavioral Biomarker." Diagnostics 15, no. 10 (2025): 1268. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15101268.

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Background/Objectives: Nonverbal synchrony—the temporal coordination of physical behaviors such as head movement and gesture—is a critical component of effective social communication. Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are often described as having impairments in such synchrony, but objective and scalable tools to measure these disruptions remain limited. This study aims to assess body motion synchrony in ASD using phase-based features as potential markers of social timing impairments. Methods: We applied a phase difference detection algorithm to high-resolution triaxial accelerom

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Reed, Derek, Jaime Devine, Jake Choynowski, and Steven Hursh. "0984 Sleep, Anxiety, Depression, and Demand for Wearables in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder versus Controls." SLEEP 47, Supplement_1 (2024): A422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsae067.0984.

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Abstract Introduction Sleep difficulties are common in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) populations. While much literature exists on sleep difficulties in ASD children, there is relatively scant research on adults. ASD is frequently co-morbid with symptoms of anxiety or depression, which are independently related to sleep problems. Personalized feedback from wearables may appeal to ASD adults looking to improve their sleep. This study examined sleep quality and severity of anxiety/depression in ASD adults with comorbid anxiety/depression and matched controls and establish demand for information

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Avram, Oana-Elisabeta, Elena-Alexandra Bratu, Cecilia Curis, Lavinia-Alexandra Moroianu, and Eduard Drima. "Modifiable Nutritional Biomarkers in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Vitamin D, B12, and Homocysteine Exposure Spanning Prenatal Development Through Late Adolescence." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26, no. 9 (2025): 4410. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26094410.

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Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has been associated with disruptions in one-carbon metabolism and vitamin D pathways. Nutritional exposures—particularly vitamin D, vitamin B12, and homocysteine—may influence neurodevelopmental outcomes. However, a comprehensive, lifespan-spanning synthesis of these modifiable nutritional biomarkers has not been conducted. This systematic review and stratified meta-analysis critically synthesized data on vitamin D, vitamin B12, and homocysteine to elucidate their relationships with ASD risk and symptomatology. Our central question was: How do levels of vitamin D

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Wang, Qiao-Han, Xiao-Lin Yang, Wei Xiao, et al. "Microcrystalline Preparation of Akebia Saponin D for its Bioavailability Enhancement in Rats." American Journal of Chinese Medicine 43, no. 03 (2015): 513–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x15500329.

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Akebia Saponin D (ASD) or asperosaponin VI is the most abundant constituent of the rhizome of Dipsacus asper, which has been used for the treatment of lower back pain, traumatic hematoma and bone fractures. In recent years, it was reported that ASD was a potential treatment strategy for Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the low bioavailability of ASD limited its clinical utility. Microcrystalline preparation is one of the effective methods to improve drug absorption. The drugs prepared by different methods can present different solid forms (polymorphs), and different polymorphs have significa

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Jacob, Marianne, and Marisa Censani. "13-Year-Old Boy Presenting with Bilateral Femur Fractures in the Setting of Severe Vitamin D Deficiency." Case Reports in Pediatrics 2021 (August 4, 2021): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2440999.

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Background. Femur fractures in adolescents are rare. Severe vitamin D deficiency has important implications for bone health. We describe the case of a 13-year-old boy with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who presented with low-impact bilateral femur fractures in the setting of severe vitamin D deficiency. Case Presentation. A 13-year-old boy with ASD presented with bilateral leg pain after an unwitnessed fall. Laboratory investigations revealed severe hypocalcemia (S. calcium 4.9 mg/dL) and severe vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D < 4 ng/mL). Lower extremity X-rays revealed bilateral distal femo

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Kaky, Ako, and Sayran Saleh. "The Relationship Between Acetylcholinesterase, Neurotransmitter Levels, Calcium, Vitamin D3, and Trace Minerals in Autism Spectrum Disorder." Baghdad Journal of Biochemistry and Applied Biological Sciences 6, no. 1 (2025): 46–64. https://doi.org/10.47419/bjbabs.v6i01.331.

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This study aimed to investigate the potential associations between acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, neurotransmitters, trace minerals, and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A comparative analysis was conducted between 96 ASD patients and 96 healthy controls. Results revealed significantly lower AChE activity and specific activity in ASD patients compared to controls, corroborating previous findings linking AChE with neurological disorders. Furthermore, GABA and GRIA1 levels were elevated in ASD patients, while oxytocin and HDAC-2 were decreased. Notably, calcium and vitamin D levels were si

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Bolognesi, Elisabetta, Franca Rosa Guerini, Stefano Sotgiu, et al. "GC1f Vitamin D Binding Protein Isoform as a Marker of Severity in Autism Spectrum Disorders." Nutrients 14, no. 23 (2022): 5153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14235153.

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Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are characterized by a wide spectrum of clinical, behavioral, and cognitive manifestations. It is, therefore, crucial to investigate possible biomarkers associated with specific ASD phenotypes. Ample literature suggests a possible role for vitamin D (VD) in influencing ASD clinical phenotypes. We analyzed three vitamin D binding protein gene (DBP) functional polymorphisms (rs2282679, rs7041, and rs4588), which are involved in the modulation of vitamin D serum concentration in 309 ASD children and 831 healthy controls. Frequency comparisons of single nucleotide p

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Gaffrey, Michael S., Sarah Markert, and Chen Yu. "Social origins of self-regulated attention during infancy and their disruption in autism spectrum disorder: Implications for early intervention." Development and Psychopathology 32, no. 4 (2020): 1362–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579420000796.

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AbstractTo understand the complex relationships between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other frequently comorbid conditions, a growing number of studies have investigated the emergence of ASD during infancy. This research has suggested that symptoms of ASD and highly related comorbid conditions emerge from complex interactions between neurodevelopmental vulnerabilities and early environments, indicating that developing treatments to prevent ASD is highly challenging. However, it also suggests that attenuating the negative effects of ASD on future development once identified is possible. Th

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Ishii, Miho, Wakako Ito, Yuki Karube, et al. "Effects of transdiagnostic group treatment for sleep disturbances in adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorders and autistic spectrum disorder: a pilot study." Sleep and Biological Rhythms 20, no. 2 (2021): 173–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41105-021-00351-8.

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AbstractAlthough adult patients with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often have sleep problems, few studies have verified the effect of a psychological approach specific to sleep–wake rhythms on these sleep disturbances. Therefore, the aim of this pilot study was to develop a trans-diagnostic approach with sleep scheduling and regularity of sleep duration as core modules, and to examine the effect of the intervention in adult ADHD and/or ASD subjects with sleep disturbances. This was a within-group pilot study. Ten patients with adult ADHD and

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Ceruti, Claudia, Alessandra Mingozzi, Nicoletta Scionti, and Gian Marco Marzocchi. "Comparing Executive Functions in Children and Adolescents with Autism and ADHD—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Children 11, no. 4 (2024): 473. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children11040473.

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Two neurodevelopmental conditions, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), have been associated with executive function (EF) impairment but the specificity of their impairments is still controversial. The present meta-analysis aimed to identify the differences in EF profiles of ASD, ADHD, and ASD+ADHD in relation to a control group of individuals with typical development (TD) and to understand whether the EF performance could change depending upon the type of measure used to assess EF (performance test vs. questionnaires). Results from 36 eligible st

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Hallahan, Brian P., and Kieran C. Murphy. "Autistic spectrum disorders." Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine 22, no. 4 (2005): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0790966700009253.

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AbstractAutistic spectrum disorders (ASD), are a group of disorders characterised by qualitative abnormalities in social and emotional behaviour and are associated with restricted, stereotyped and repetitive interests and activities. There has been considerable understanding of ASD in recent years. This educational review paper focuses on four areas of interest and relevance to trainees preparing for the membership examination of the Royal College of Psychiatrists (MRCPsych): (a) diagnosing ASD; (b) epidemiology of ASD; (c) aetiology, including genetic, cognitive and neurochemical/neuropatholo

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Sase, Kana, Chihiro Tsukahara, Naoki Fujita, Ibuki Arizono, Hitoshi Takagi, and Yasushi Kitaoka. "Akebia Saponin D prevents axonal loss against TNF-induced optic nerve damage with autophagy modulation." Molecular Biology Reports 47, no. 12 (2020): 9733–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-06008-y.

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AbstractAkebia Saponin D (ASD), a triterpenoid saponin, was shown to have protective effects in certain neuronal cells. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the possibility of ASD to prevent tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-induced axonal loss and the ASD modulation of the biologic process of autophagy in optic nerves. Rats were given intravitreal administration of TNF, simultaneous administration of 2, 20, or 200 pmol ASD and TNF, or ASD alone. LC3-II and p62 expression, which is a marker of autophagic flux, and phosphorylated p38 (p-p38) expression in optic nerves were examined by

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Westwood, H., D. Stahl, W. Mandy, and K. Tchanturia. "The set-shifting profiles of anorexia nervosa and autism spectrum disorder using the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test: a systematic review and meta-analysis." Psychological Medicine 46, no. 9 (2016): 1809–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291716000581.

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Difficulties in set-shifting are commonly reported in both autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and anorexia nervosa (AN) populations. Despite this, it is not known whether this cognitive profile persists across different ages, or whether the profiles seen in ASD and AN are comparable. This systematic review and meta-analyses aimed to compare the set-shifting profiles, as measured by the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) in adults and younger people with either ASD or AN, relative to healthy controls (HCs) and to statistically compare performance on the WCST between ASD and AN. In all, 24 studies o

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Jaafar, Nur, Ramachandran Vasudevan, Patimah Ismail, et al. "Analysis of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme, Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase & Serotonin Gene Polymorphisms among Atrial Septal Defect Subjects with and without Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension." Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease 5, no. 3 (2018): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcdd5030048.

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Genetic polymorphisms are variations in DNA sequences which can influence either disease susceptibility, severity, or prognosis. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is one of the complications that occurs in certain patients who have atrial septal defect (ASD). This study seeks to determine the association of gene polymorphisms with the pathogenesis of PAH in ASD patients. This study was conducted on 30 ASD patients with PAH, and 50 ASD patients who were not diagnosed with PAH. All respondents were Malay. Patients were selected based on stringent inclusion and exclusion criteria. Molecular a

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Li, Yong-Jiang, Xiaojie Zhang, and Ya-Min Li. "Antineuroinflammatory therapy: potential treatment for autism spectrum disorder by inhibiting glial activation and restoring synaptic function." CNS Spectrums 25, no. 4 (2019): 493–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852919001603.

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AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is characterized by deficits in social interactions and perseverative and stereotypical behavior. Growing evidence points toward a critical role for synaptic dysfunction in the onset of ASD, and synaptic function is influenced by glial cells. Considering the evidence that neuroinflammation in ASD is mediated by glial cells, one hypothesis is that reactive glial cells, under inflammatory conditions, contribute to the loss of synaptic functions and trigger ASD. Ongoing pharmacological treatments for ASD, including oxyto

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Zhang, Zengyu, Sufang Li, Lianfang Yu, and Jun Liu. "Polymorphisms in Vitamin D Receptor Genes in Association with Childhood Autism Spectrum Disorder." Disease Markers 2018 (2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7862892.

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Both genetic and environmental factors have been implicated in the etiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This case-control study aimed to determine the association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs731276 (TaqI), rs1568820 (Cdx2), rs1544410 (BsmI), and rs2228570 (FokI) in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene with susceptibility of childhood ASD and severity of the disease. A total of 201 children with ASD and 200 healthy controls from the Han Chinese population were recruited. SNP genotyping was carried out by TaqMan probe-based real-time PCR using genomic DNA extracted from blood

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Traglia, Michela, Gayle C. Windham, Michelle Pearl, et al. "Genetic Contributions to Maternal and Neonatal Vitamin D Levels." Genetics 214, no. 4 (2020): 1091–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/genetics.119.302792.

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Vitamin D is essential for several physiological functions and biological processes. Increasing levels of maternal vitamin D are required throughout pregnancy as a unique source of vitamin D for the fetus, and consequently maternal vitamin D deficiency may result in several adverse outcomes in newborns. However, the genetic regulation of vitamin D in pregnancy and at birth is not yet well understood. We performed genome-wide association studies of maternal midgestational serum-derived and neonatal blood-spot-derived total 25-hydroxyvitamin D from a case-control study of autism spectrum disorde

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Bai, Jinhe, Erin N. Rosskopf, Kristen A. Jeffries, Wei Zhao, and Anne Plotto. "Soil Amendment and Storage Effect the Quality of Winter Melons (Benincasa hispida (Thunb) Cogn.) and Their Juice." Foods 12, no. 1 (2023): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12010209.

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Winter melon fruits were grown in the field using anaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD) and conventional fertilizer alone as the control treatment. Fruits were harvested and stored at 20 °C for 120 d, the juice was processed on day one and day 120, and the effects of soil amendment and 120 d storage on the juice’s physical and chemical (sugars, acids, volatile and nutritional compounds) properties were evaluated. Fruit juice extracted from ASD-grown fruit had greater magnitude of zeta potential than the control juice, indicating it was physically more stable than the juice obtained from the cont

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Zarokanellou, Vasiliki, Alexandros Gryparis, and Katerina Papanikolaou. "Exploring Narrative Ability in Greek-Speaking Children with High-Functioning ASD: Associations with Memory and Attention." Brain Sciences 15, no. 1 (2025): 73. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci15010073.

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Background/Objectives: Narration is a sensitive tool for the assessment of language in children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (HF-ASD) since mild language deficits beyond the sentential level are not always noticeable through the administration of standardized language tests targeting the lexical or sentential level. This study investigated the narrative ability of monolingual Greek-speaking HF-ASD children in comparison to that of their typically developing (TD) peers and explored the associations between narrative variables, ADHD symptomatology, and memory skills in the part

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Ezedinma, U., S. Burgess, J. Singh, et al. "O045 Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation improves sleep in children with autism spectrum disorder." Sleep Advances 5, Supplement_1 (2024): A16—A17. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae070.045.

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Abstract Introduction There are no controlled studies examining the impact of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (α-rTMS) on sleep difficulties in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Method Twenty children (6-12yrs old; 16 males) with ASD (level 2) and sleep difficulties were recruited and randomised into α-rTMS and waitlist control groups (1:1). The treatment group received ten sessions of α-rTMS. Sleep outcomes were assessed at baseline and immediately post-α-rTMS on the Children Sleep Habit Questionnaire (CSHQ). Result The total CSHQ score was significantly improved in t

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Virolainen, Samuel, Wejdan Hussien, and Sarah Dalibalta. "Autism spectrum disorder in the United Arab Emirates: potential environmental links." Reviews on Environmental Health 35, no. 4 (2020): 359–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/reveh-2020-0025.

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AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been experiencing an increase in global prevalence in recent decades. While many factors could account for this reality, certain environmental links have been shown to contribute to ASD development and etiology. The Middle East has had relatively little published research on ASD etiology although statistics indicate that ASD affects 1 in 146 births in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). This review therefore aims to examine potential causes of ASD within the UAE specifically, focusing on environmental links that may contribute to the rise in ASD cases in

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Ali, Asad, Svetlina Vasileva, Mia Langguth, et al. "Developmental Vitamin D Deficiency Produces Behavioral Phenotypes of Relevance to Autism in an Animal Model." Nutrients 11, no. 5 (2019): 1187. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11051187.

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Emerging evidence suggests that gestational or developmental vitamin D (DVD) deficiency is associated with an increased risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). ASD is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairments in social interaction, lack of verbal and non-verbal communications, stereotyped repetitive behaviors and hyper-activities. There are several other clinical features that are commonly comorbid with ASD, including olfactory impairments, anxiety and delays in motor development. Here we investigate these features in an animal model related to ASD—the DVD-deficient rat. Compa

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Luo, Jin-Fang, Hua Zhou, and Chon-Kit Lio. "Akebia Saponin D Inhibits the Inflammatory Reaction by Inhibiting the IL-6-STAT3-DNMT3b Axis and Activating the Nrf2 Pathway." Molecules 27, no. 19 (2022): 6236. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27196236.

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Akebia saponin D (ASD) is derived from the Dipsacus asper Wall. ex Henry, which is a traditional Chinese medicine commonly used to treat rheumatic arthritis (RA). However, the in-depth mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effect of ASD is still unclear. This study aimed to preliminarily explore the anti-inflammatory effect of ASD and the underlying mechanisms from the perspective of DNA methylation and inflammation-related pathways. We found that ASD significantly reduced the production of multiple inflammatory mediators, including nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), in LPS-induced RA

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Uçar, Nazlı, William B. Grant, Isabel Peraita-Costa, and María Morales Suárez-Varela. "How 25(OH)D Levels during Pregnancy Affect Prevalence of Autism in Children: Systematic Review." Nutrients 12, no. 8 (2020): 2311. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12082311.

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a group of dysfunctions in social interaction, communication, and behaviors. The etiology of ASD is not yet fully understood; however, it consists of the interaction between genetics and the environment. An increasing amount of evidence points to the possibility that gestational and early-childhood vitamin D deficiency may be involved in the etiology of some cases of ASD. Herein, we systematically review the literature for studies on vitamin D status during pregnancy and ASD outcomes. Forty-three studies in the PubMed and 124 studies in EMBASE databases were i

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Zhou, Peipei, Xiaolin Yang, Zhonglin Yang, Wenzhe Huang, Junping Kou, and Fei Li. "Akebia Saponin D Regulates the Metabolome and Intestinal Microbiota in High Fat Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemic Rats." Molecules 24, no. 7 (2019): 1268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24071268.

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Hyperlipidemia is a major component of metabolic syndrome, and regarded as one of the main risk factors causing metabolic diseases. We have developed a therapeutic drug, akebia saponin D (ASD), and determined its anti-hyperlipidemia activity and the potential mechanism(s) of action by analyzing the metabolome and intestinal microbiota. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a high fat diet to induce hyperlipidemia, and then given ASD orally for 8 weeks. Lipid levels in serum were determined biochemically. Metabolites in serum, urine and feces were analyzed by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS, and the structure of the

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Robea, M. A., M. I. Balmus, M. Nicoara, and A. Ciobica. "VITAMIN D – A KEY FACTOR IN THE TREATMENT OF ASD PEOPLE?" European Psychiatry 66, S1 (2023): S922. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2023.1950.

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IntroductionAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a disorder with social, communication and behavioral disturbances that start from early childhood. There are many difficulties in diagnosing people with ASD. The diagnostic criteria are in terms of behavior descriptions, and as methods of intervention the most used is the applied behavior analysis (ABA). Although, the treatment of autism is not based on drugs, there are a number of reports that sustains the vitamin supplementation. For example, the deficiency of vitamin D (VD) was often outlined in the serum of the ASD people. Nowadays, zebrafish (

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Robea, Madalina-Andreea, Alina-Costina Luca, and Alin Ciobica. "Relationship between Vitamin Deficiencies and Co-Occurring Symptoms in Autism Spectrum Disorder." Medicina 56, no. 5 (2020): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina56050245.

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Recently, connections have been made between feeding and eating problems and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and between autism pathophysiology and diet issues. These could explain some of the mechanisms which have not yet been discovered or are not sufficiently characterized. Moreover, there is an increased awareness for micronutrients in ASD due to the presence of gastrointestinal (GI) problems that can be related to feeding issues. For example, levels of vitamins B1, B6, B12, A and D are often reported to be low in ASD children. Thus, in the present mini review we focused on describing the i

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