Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'D Relations'
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Preisach, Christine [Verfasser]. "Relational Semi-Supervised Classification Using Multiple Relations / Christine Preisach." Aachen : Shaker, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1071528912/34.
Full textAicardi, Laurence. "Restructurations d' entreprise et relations collectives de travail." Toulouse 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU10043.
Full textExamination of salaried workers' collective rights in the case of corporate restructuring requires both good knowledge of salaried workers' rights with regard to restructuring, and the effects of restructuring on workers' rights. Salaried workers have limited powers over corporate restructuring : staff representatives are merely informed and consulted as to the operations envisaged. Conversely, corporate restructuring can affect salaried workers' rights considerably : staff representation rights, financial rights and rights relating to labour agreements may hence be seriously undermined, rights originating from employers' standard practises and unilateral commitments. Only established rights in terms of pension schemes, contingency funds and workers representatives' patrimonial rights are able to resist restructuring
Malik, Hamdi. "Media, gender and domestic relations in post-Saddam Iraq." Thesis, Keele University, 2018. http://eprints.keele.ac.uk/5102/.
Full textBrandão, Izabel. "Relations of dominance and equality in D. H. Lawrence." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2013. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/handle/123456789/106257.
Full textMade available in DSpace on 2013-12-05T19:53:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 321810.pdf: 7212040 bytes, checksum: 14acc941fe7fef9daf2f6df2c1a7e979 (MD5)
Kullick, Claudia. "Public Relations und Risikomanagement." Berlin ; München [u.a.] polisphere, 2007. http://d-nb.info/989200000/04.
Full textHawley, Heather J. "John D. Kearney and Irish-Canadian relations during World War II." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0020/MQ54624.pdf.
Full textSchäfer, Philipp Matthias [Verfasser]. "Betweenness relations / Philipp Matthias Schäfer." Ulm : Universität Ulm. Fakultät für Mathematik und Wirtschaftswissenschaften, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1027341586/34.
Full textLiou, Tzeng-Chyuan. "Les relations entre l'Empire byzantin et l'Empire chinois (420-907 A. D. )." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040117.
Full textThe first part consists in studying the origine of the terms "lixuan, daqin, fulin" and the relation between them. The second part analyses and introduces the exchange of ambassadors. The third part discusses the commercial relationship between ancient china and rome, and introduces the reciprocal exportation and importation. The fourth part describes the exange between the two countries on sciences and culture
Baird, Clayton Ray. "Style and substance: Franklin D. Roosevelt and U.S.-French relations, 1938-1942." Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1073.
Full textLIMA, NAIRA DA COSTA MUYLAERT. "ÉDUCATION ET INÉGALITÉS SOCIALES: LEURS RELATIONS DANS L ÉTAT D ESPIRITO SANTO." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2016. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=27650@1.
Full textCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO
Ce travail vise à contribuer au débat sur la question des inégalités scolaires, en utilisant les données de l évaluation longitudinale d alphabétisation (PAEBES-Alfa) dans l état de Espírito Santo. En utilisant une méthodologie qualitative et quantitative, l étude visait à examiner les inégalités des chances, traitement et connaissance. L inégalité des chances et de traitement ont été observés dans les différentes étapes de l éducation de base au Brésil et dans les États de la région du Sud-Est, selon différents caractéristiques des étudiants, comme la race, par exemple. L inégalité des savoirs a été étudiée longitudinalement à travers les données sur le pourcentage correct des questions des tests du PAEBES-Alfa. Enfin, grâce à une approche qualitative, la recherche a observé quatre écoles et 14 classes et a mené des entrevues avec les directeurs, les enseignants et les éducateurs, afin de mieux comprendre les données quantitatives présentées par des évaluations. Sont essentiellement deux les principaux résultats obtenus à partir de l application du modèle analyse basé sur le pourcentage de succès des éléments difficiles de lecture du PAEBES-Alfa, appliqué aux étudiants dans les trois premières années de l école élémentaire publique de l Etat du Espírito Santo. D une part ce modèle, après contrôle du niveau socioéconomique des étudiants, a montré que, dans le période correspondant au cycle de l alphabétisation, les différences de performances entre les classes diminuent entre la 1ère et la 3e année. D autre part, le travail a identifié les aspects du programme d études qui sont associés à des similitudes et des différences de résultats observés entre les classes de rendement élevé et faible, ce qui reflète l inégalité des connaissances. L adoption d une conception méthodologique mixte, pour lesquels ils ont été étudiés qualitativement quatre de ces écoles et leurs 14 classes de la troisième année de l école élémentaire, ont contribué pour comprendre les pratiques pédagogiques et scolaires qui favorisent ou non la qualité et l équité d apprentissage.
Este trabalho busca contribuir para o debate acerca do tema das desigualdades educacionais, por meio dos dados do PAEBES-Alfa – avaliação longitudinal da alfabetização do estado do Espírito Santo. Utilizando uma metodologia quali-quanti, o estudo teve como objetivo investigar as desigualdades de oportunidades, de tratamento e, principalmente, de conhecimento. As desigualdades de oportunidades e de tratamento foram observadas numa perspectiva macroanalítica e contextual, nas diferentes etapas da educação básica, no Brasil e nos estados da região Sudeste,segundo diferentes características dos alunos, como raça/cor e renda familiar per capita, e das escolas, como localidade e região. A desigualdade de conhecimento foi investigada de forma longitudinal por meio dos dados referentes ao percentual de acerto dos alunos nos testes da avaliação do PAEBES-Alfa. Por fim, por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa, a pesquisa observou quatro escolas e 14 salas de aula, e realizou entrevistas com seus diretores, pedagogos e professores, com a finalidade de melhor compreender os dados quantitativos apresentados pelas avaliações. São basicamente dois os principais resultados obtidos com a aplicação do modelo de análise baseado no percentual de acerto dos itens difíceis dos testes de Leitura do PAEBES-Alfa, aplicados aos alunos nos três primeiros anos do Ensino Fundamental público do Estado do Espírito Santo. Por um lado este modelo, após o controle do nível socieoconômico dos alunos, permitiu constatar que, no caso da evolução geral da aprendizagem no período correspondente ao ciclo de alfabetização, as diferenças de desempenho entre as turmas diminuem entre o primeiro e o terceiro ano. Por outro lado, permitiu identificar aspectos do currículo que se associam às semelhanças e diferenças de resultados observadas entre as turmas de alto e baixo desempenho, refletindo uma desigualdade de conhecimento decorrente da falta de ensino e/ou de consolidação de habilidades básicas de leitura no período da alfabetização. A adoção de um desenho metodológico misto, pelo qual foram investigadas também qualitativamente quatro dessas escolas e suas 14 turmas do terceiro ano do Ensino Fundamental, contibiuiu para o entendimento das práticas pedagógicas e escolares que favorecem ou não o crescimentos da aprendizagem dos alunos com maiior ou menor qualidade e equidade.
Demarre, Gaëlle. "Etude des intégrases d' intégrons : nature des substrats et relations structure / fonction." Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066291.
Full textTheilen, Thilo. "Investor Marketing : eine Aufgabe für Investor Relations? /." München : GoingPublicMedia, 2008. http://d-nb.info/989827682/04.
Full textSchreiber, Martina [Verfasser]. "Group relations at crowd events / Martina Schreiber." Bremen : IRC-Library, Information Resource Center der Jacobs University Bremen, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1035033763/34.
Full textSchwonnek, René [Verfasser]. "Uncertainty relations in quantum theory / René Schwonnek." Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1166313905/34.
Full textTheilen, Thilo. "Investor Marketing eine Aufgabe für Investor Relations?" Wolfratshausen GoingPublicMedia, 2007. http://d-nb.info/989827682/04.
Full textEickmeyer, Kord [Verfasser]. "Logics with Invariantly Used Relations / Kord Eickmeyer." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1218234180/34.
Full textMalavolti-Grimal, Estelle. "Quatre essais sur l'impact des asymétries d' information sur les relations entre agents." Toulouse 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU10073.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to analyse the impact of asymmetric information on agents' relationships. The two first chapters address the question of financing risky projects under both moral hazard and adverse selection, when the lenders are competing banks or a monopolist. The main result is that market power strengthens rationing when is not observable. The third chapter proposes both a theoretical and emperical analysis of microfinance institutions credit delivery system. We show that whenever borrowers have no initial wealth, lenders have no other choice than screening them ex ante. The empirical analysis on institutions in Bangladesh supports our theoretical results. The last chapter gives an explanation for the reform of the competition policy in Europe. When the accuracy of evaluation of the competition authority is sufficiently high, it is possible, using fines in the ex post control, to deter the signature of harmful agreements
Lee, Kam Hing. "The sultanate of Aceh : relations with the British, 1760-1824 /." Kuala Lumpur ; New York : Oxford University Press, 1995. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0605/94032205-d.html.
Full textMaps of Sumatra in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries on endpapers. Includes bibliographical references (p. [329]-339) and index.
Paccalin, Marc. "Relations entre désordres cognitifs et altérations du contrôle traductionnel au cours de la maladie d'Alzheimer." Poitiers, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006POIT1401.
Full textSchulze, Cornelia. "The "Battle of the sexes" in D. H. Lawrence's prose, poetry and paintings /." Heidelberg : C. Winter, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb38899540h.
Full textTolotti, Mathias [Verfasser]. "BCJ-relations in quantum field theory / Mathias Tolotti." Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1225685567/34.
Full textFunger, Nils. "Investor Relations Wirkung des Kapitalmarktmarketings auf die Kapitalbeschaffung." Saarbrücken VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, 2006. http://d-nb.info/985771127/04.
Full textBoie, Hannah. "Civilian power an analysis of Euro-Mediterrranean relations." Berlin Münster Lit, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1000131394/04.
Full textColletier, Jacques-Philippe. "Etude des relations structure-dynamique-fonction au sein de l'acétylcholinestérase." Grenoble 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006GRE10076.
Full textAcetylcholinesterase is a very rapid enzyme, essential in the process of nerve impulse transmission at cholinergic synapses. It is the target of ail currently approved anti-Alzheimer drugs and further progress in the modulation of its activity requires structural as weil as dynamical information. Here we report three experimental approaches that allowed to gain structural insight into the dynamics of acetylcholinesterase. First, the structure of its complex with a putative second-generation anti-Alzheimer drug is presented. Next, a steady-state approach for determining atomic-resolution structures of enzyme/substrate complexes is detailed, which allowed to structurally follow the trafflc of substrates within the active site of the acetylcholinesterase. Lastly, a new kinetic-crystallography strategy is described, in which a photolabile precursor of the enzymatic product is cleaved in-crystallo by me ans of UV-laser irradiation, and the molecular motions necessary for the expulsion of photolysis products to occur triggered by temperature-controlled X-ray crystallography. Taken together, the results described herein permit a detailed description of the traffic of substrates and products within acetylcholinesterase, and provide insights into its conformational energy landscape
Herder, Stéphane. "Variabilité génétique d'"Onchocerca volvulus" (Leuckart, 1893). Relations avec les faciès épidémiologiques de l'onchocercose." Montpellier 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON20093.
Full textRiley, David Daniel. "UK-US relations and the South Asian crisis, 1971." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2016. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/99792/.
Full textHundeshagen, Norbert [Verfasser]. "Relations and Transductions Realized by Restarting Automata / Norbert Hundeshagen." Kassel : Universitätsbibliothek Kassel, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1044696737/34.
Full textGryniuk, Oleksii [Verfasser]. "Dispersion relations in two-photon hadronic processes / Oleksii Gryniuk." Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 2020. http://d-nb.info/122337954X/34.
Full textBerteau, John S. "U.S.-Austrian Relations in the Pre-Anschluss Period: FDR'S Unwillingness for War." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2007. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/630.
Full textHan, Jiangping [Verfasser]. "Firm-government relations Chinese style : theoretical and empirical analysis of the impact of network relations on economic performance in rural China / Jiangping Han." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1019983388/34.
Full textAkdag, Inan. "Civilian-military Relations In The Argentinean Democratization (1983-1995)." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607970/index.pdf.
Full textBaynes, Samuel. "On generators, relations and D-simplicity of direct products, Byleen extensions, and other semigroup constructions." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/7629.
Full textCaillat, Sylvie. "L'hypocalcémie tardive du nouveau-né à terme : ses relations avec le statut vitaminique D maternel : à propos de six observations." Montpellier 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON11214.
Full textRouleau, Julien. "Synthèse et relations structure-activité de nouveaux inhibiteurs sélectifs de l'acétylcholinestérase, de type triterpène tétracyclique." Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA112298.
Full textThese investigations aim at the discovering of powerful and selective acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors able to prevent or cure memory problems and aggregation of β-amyloid protein linked to aging or Alzheimer disease. During a systematic screening of the chemical library of the “Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles”, a potent inhibitor of AChE was discovered. Many analogues have been obtained by hemisynthesis from a steroidal alkaloid, N isobutyrylcycloxobuxidine-F, extracted from Buxus balearica. First, research have been focused on the synthesis of new pharmacophores, at the dihydro-4H-[1,3]oxazine cycle and at the tertiary amine by demethylation followed by acylation or alkylation. Synthesis have required many adaptations due to the particular reactivity of the steroidal alcaloids and of the neopentylic alcohol. Anticholinesterasic activities have been evaluated on human and Electrophorus electricus AChES and on the human butyrylcholinesterase. The most powerful inhibitors have demonstrated their ability to decrease the aggregation of β-amyloid protein induced by AChE. The structure-activity relationship studies have showed the importance of the presence of the dihydro-4H-[1,3]thiazine cycle, of the isopropyl group, of the cyclopropane and of a benzyl group positioned on the nitrogen atom NB
Defranchi, Olivier. "Les relations entre les Etats-Unis et le monde chinois : de Franklin D. Roosevelt à William J. Clinton." Bordeaux 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR30034.
Full textThe united-states and china have always in the first place tried to isolate themselves from the outside world, but international conflicts and the globalization of the economy do not allow them to make that choice any more. Until 1949, the united-states upheld any government in a position to preserve their interests. The breaking up of relation between the prc and the soviet union as well as the increasing role of china in international affairs prepared the ground for the establishment of diplomatic relations. The end of the cold war and the evolution of us/ussr relations left china without its counterbalancing role towards the ussr. In addition, chinese arms exports and american military aid to taiwan are a never-ending source of tension between the two nations. However, mutual economic interests alleviate differences of opinion about democracy or human rights. Commercial relations greatly developped during these last 20 years but benefit essentially the coastal regions of south china, hong kong, macau and taiwan. Chinese and americans give a high priority to their country's sovereignty, are proud of themselves and convinced of their intellectual and moral superiority. Their relations increased considerably during the last 30 years but were preceded by a long period of hostility and even armed conflict through third nations. If the united-states wish to become central figures in asia, they should take into account long term chinese interests. On the other hand, improvements in human rights will certainly help china play a more important role in international affairs and ease tensions with washington. Finally, more cultural and academic exchanges between those two giants would promote mutual understanding and appreciation. Will they ever be friends?
Capan, Zeynep G. [Verfasser]. "Decentering IR : Excavating Stories Of International Relations / Zeynep G. Capan." Erfurt : Universitätsbibliothek Erfurt, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1067842357/34.
Full textWemheuer-Vogelaar, Wiebke [Verfasser]. "Diversity and Dominance in International Relations Scholarship / Wiebke Wemheuer-Vogelaar." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2018. http://d-nb.info/117081493X/34.
Full textSalim, Claudia [Verfasser]. "On Markets with Network Effects and Vertical Relations / Claudia Salim." Aachen : Shaker, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1081885718/34.
Full textBack, Mitja. "Spontane interpersonelle Attraktion und Persönlichkeit eine längsschnittliche Social-Relations-Analyse." Saarbrücken VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, 2007. http://d-nb.info/99130120X/04.
Full textNasim, Mehwish [Verfasser]. "Inferring Social Relations from Online and Communication Networks / Mehwish Nasim." Konstanz : Bibliothek der Universität Konstanz, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1139641050/34.
Full textColin-Messager, Sandrine. "Homologation stéréosélective d'}a-alcoxyaldé̄hydes chiraux." Montpellier 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON20271.
Full textDorion-Poussart, Nicole. "Le développement des relations Québec-Mexique sous l'administration du Parti québécois : 1978-1986." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29428.
Full textGrznárová, Katarína. "Les relations moléculaires entre la maladie d'Alzheimer et les maladies à prions." Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA077291.
Full textMany human neurodegenerative diseases are now considered as caused by protein misfolding and prion-like mechanisms seem to be more the rule in these processes than an exception limited to prion diseases. The normal prion protein (PrP) appears to be critical in neurodegeneration induced by Aβ oligomers in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, PrP- Aβ interaction is not reserved only to toxic Aβ1-42 oligomers. Also monomeric Aβ1-40, naturally produced in healthy brain as non-aggregated peptides, have been shown to interact with cellular PrP. We explored here the role of the interaction between PrP and monomeric Aβ1-40 in PrP aggregation process. To this aim, PrP and Aβ1-40 were produced as highly pure and monodisperse recombinant proteins. We show here a clear positive effect of Aβ1-40 on PrP aggregation. Moreover, we demonstrate that Aβ1-40 naturally binds to two distinct N-terminal regions of PrP and subsequently to a third binding site created after structural rearrangement of PrP globular domain, which contributes to enhance the oligomerization rate of the complex. These results bring new insight into the mechanisms of the physiologically relevant PrP-Aβ1-40 interaction as well as into key structural changes that might be involved in prion diseases
Meslin, Sophie. "Infiltration et croissance des céramiques YBa2Cu3O7-d texturées à structure perforée: relations microstructures et propriétés supraconductrices." Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00126230.
Full textCe travail a consisté à élaborer des échantillons plus performants en terme de propriétés supraconductrices. Le procédé conventionnel de texturation induit des fissures et de la porosité dans les échantillons et nécessite l'ajout de dopants pour améliorer ses propriétés. Nous avons étudié un nouveau procédé « infiltration et croissance » ainsi que la mise en forme d'une géométrie originale « à parois minces ». Les caractérisations effectuées sur la microstructure, la texture et les propriétés supraconductrices sont rapportées.
L'optimisation du procédé a consisté à comprendre les mécanismes d'infiltration et de croissance, puis à rechercher la configuration et la composition donnant des échantillons les plus performants. Des densités de courants critiques de l'ordre de 68 kA/cm2 en champ propre ont été mesurées à 77 K.
L'étude des échantillons perforés a montré que, grâces aux « trous » artificiels, les microstructures sont exempt de porosité, les échantillons se refroidissent plus rapidement et l'oxygénation est plus rapide et homogène comparé aux matériaux non perforés.
Niekamp, Sönke [Verfasser]. "Characterizing quantum correlations : entanglement, uncertainty relations and exponential families / Sönke Niekamp." Siegen : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Siegen, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1023156733/34.
Full textMaurer, Tim [Verfasser]. "Cyberspace and International Relations: Rising Powers, Proxies, and Norms / Tim Maurer." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1203624921/34.
Full textXavier, Clarissa [Verfasser]. "Learning Non-Verbal Relations Under Open Information Extraction Paradigm / Clarissa Xavier." Munich : GRIN Verlag, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1097578720/34.
Full textSantos, Miranda Tatiana dos [Verfasser], and Wilfried [Akademischer Betreuer] Konrad. "Water Relations of Lianas / Tatiana Dos Santos Miranda ; Betreuer: Wilfried Konrad." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1162897058/34.
Full textTiňo, Jozef. "King and temple in Chronicles a contextual approach to their relations." Göttingen Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2010. http://d-nb.info/996598359/04.
Full textMokhele, M. P. "Race relations in two post-apartheid Sesotho farm novels." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50434.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study examines the presentation of race relations in two Sesotho novels written after 1994. The purpose of the study is to establish whether or not post-apartheid Sesotho novels present race relations as they were presented during the apartheid era. The novels of focus are, N.S. Zulu's Nonyana ya Tshepo (The bird of hope) (1997) and T.W.D. Mohapi's Lehfaba fa fephako (The pain of hunger) (1999). The manner in which the authors who wrote during the two distinct eras presented the issue of race and presented race relations will be the focal point. At the end of this study it should be clear whether or not authors after 1994, that is, after the apartheid era continue to present race relations in an idealistic manner. During the apartheid era authors such Lesoro (1968) and Mophethe (1966) were very cautious when presenting race relations in their novels. The common factor in these novels is the portrayal of the white Afrikaner characters by the authors. White characters were portrayed as very merciful, good Samaritans and their relationship with their black counterparts were often harmonious and crisis free. Attributes of race such as racial discrimination, racial hatred, racial conflict and racial intolerance were seldom spoken about in those novels. This is reminiscent of the notorious apartheid laws, which prohibit freedom of press. White characters in some novels published during the apartheid era were not characters derived from real life. In N.S. Zulu's novel, Nonyana ya Tshepo we examine the portrayal of the characters from the two distinct races, black Africans and white Afrikaners. The author portrays the two groups of characters to be what Scholes (1981 :11) calls characters representative of a social class, race and a profession. Black characters are portrayed as the exploited, which are always inferior, submissive and subjected to racial discrimination by their white counterparts. White Afrikaners are portrayed as the exploiters, who are superior, oppressors and the ones who further the policy of apartheid. This state of affairs prompted the black Africans to develop hatred towards the Whites. Instead of idolizing their masters, Blacks do the opposite. Our main character, Tshepo who is said to be fathered by the white Afrikaner, is marginalized by his fellow Blacks and declared an outcast. In T.W.D. Mohapi's novel, Lehlaba la lephako, the main character, Seabata who lusts for power and wealth is seen struggling for both at the expense of his fellow black Africans. Seabata is used by his white boss, Sepanapodi, to maintain the legacy of apartheid. The narrator portrays Seabata in such a way that he could carry out his boss' mission. Seabata is power hungry and always likes to please his boss to attain that, even if that means creating enmity with his own black people. Seabata's socio-economic status makes him vulnerable to manipulation by Sepanapodi. Seabata was advised by his father that he should always strive to please his master in order to gain glory and wealth. He followed the advice slavishly and that left him devastated. He found himself at loggerheads with his colleagues, with the pastor, Nkgelwane, with a local teacher, Mohanelwa and with his wife, Mmabatho. Conflict between Seabata and the community is caused by the pain of hunger.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doelstelling van hierdie studie is om ondersoek in te stel of die twee Sesotho novelles wat na 1994 geskrywe is, die verhouding tussen verskillende rasse behandel. Die doel van die studie is om uit te vind of die Sesotho novelles wat gedurende die tydperk van apartheid die aanbieding van rasse-verhouding dek, soos wat dit aangewys was gedurende die tydperk van apartheid. Die ondersoek sal gedoen word met die vergelykking van twee novelles wat na 1994 geskrywe is, d.w.s. N.S. Zulu se Nonyana ya Tshepo en T.W.D. Mohapi se Leh/aba /a /ephako . Die manier waarop die twee skrywers wat gedurende die twee afsonderlike tydperk, die kwessie van rasse behandel, en hoe hulle dit aangebied het, sal die fokuspunt wees. Aan die einde van hierdie studie moet dit duideliker word aan die lesers tot watter mate die skrywers wat na 1994 geskryf het, d.w.s na die apartheid tydperk, nog die rasse-verhouding op 'n idealistiese manier aangebied het. Die skrywers wat gedurende die apartheid tydperk geskrywe het, soos Lesoro (1968) en Mophethe (1966) was baie versigtig toe hulle die rasse-verhouding in hulle novelles aangebied het. Die gewone faktor van hierdie novelles is die uitbeelding van die wit Afrikaners se karakters deur die skrywers. Wit karakters is altyd as baie barmhagtig, en as goeie Samaritane beskrywe, en hul verhouding teenoor hulle swart teenhangers is dikwels eensgesind en vry van krisis uitgebeeld. Die hoedanigheid van rasseonderskeiding wat rassehaat, rasse in stryd met mekaar, en rasse onverdraagsaamheid, is in daardie tyd seide van geskryf in die novelle. Dit herinner die leser aan die ongunstige apartheidswette wat nie vryheid van die pers toegelaat het nie. Wit karakters, in sommige novelle wat gedurende die tydperk van apartheid gepubliseer is, is nie karakters wat van die ware lewe afgelei is nie. In N.S. Zulu se novelle, Nonyana ya Tshepo word 'n uitbeelding gemaak van karakters van die twee afsonderlike rasse, die swart Afrikaners en die wit Afrikaners. Die skrywer beeld die twee groepe van karaktes as die wat Scholes (1981 :11) noem die wat verteenwoordigend van 'n sosiale klas, rasse en beroep is. Swart karakters is beskrywe as diegene wat geeksploiteer word, wat altyd as minderwaardige, onderworpe en mindere rasse beskou word. Hulle word gediskrimineer deur hulle wit landgenote. Wit Afrikaners is beskou as die eksploiteerders, wat die voortreflike onderdrukkers is en wat wat die beleid van apartheid laat voortgaan. Hierdie toestand het die swart Afrikaners gelei om haat te ontwikkel teenoor die Wittes. In plaas van om hulle meesters eer te bewys, het die swart Afrikaners die teenoorgestelde gedrag. Die hoofkarakter, Tshepo, wat geglo is dat hy kind van die wit Afrikaner is, is deur sy mense verban en as verworpeling verklaar. In T.W.D. Mohapi se novelle, Lehlaba la lephako het die hoofkarakter, Seabata, begeertes van mag en rykdom. Hy word opgelei as 'n stryder op koste van sy medemense, swart Afrikaners. Seabata is deur sy wit meester, Sepanapodi misbruik om die nalatenskap van apartheid te handhaaf. Die verteller beeld Seabata af op so 'n manier dat dit duidelik is dat Seabata sy baas se opdrag sou voortdra. Hy, Seabata het 'n wens om mag te he en bo alles om sy baas tevrede te stel op koste van ander swart Afrikaners, al maak dit hom 'n vyand van sy mense. Seabata se sosiale status het hom laat kwesbaar ge stel teenoor Sepanapodi se manipulasie. Sy vader het hom advies gegee dat hy altyd sy meester moes bevredig ter wille van glorie en rykdom. Hy het toe die advies van sy vader slaafs nagevolg, daarom het dit hom in 'n neerdrukkende gevoel laat eef. Aan die einde is hy in 'n konflik met andere soos sy kollegas, die plaaslike predikant, Nkgelwane, die onderwyser, Mohanelwa en sy vrou. Die stryd wat Seabata met al die mense in die gemeenskap het, is die oorsaak van hongersnood.