Relevant bibliographies by topics / Dairy cattle Dairy cattle Motivation in animals

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Dairy cattle Dairy cattle Motivation in animals'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Dairy cattle Dairy cattle Motivation in animals"

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Uetake, K., K. Yayou, and T. Okamoto. "Influence of feeding operation and social factors on cattle locomotion in free stall barns." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 78, no. 3 (September 1, 1998): 421–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/a96-095.

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The influence of feeding operation and social factors on voluntary movement of cattle was studied with a group of nine Holstein calves in free stall barns. The results of this study suggest that cattle can move more voluntarily when rations are put beyond the place that farmers want them to walk through. The results also suggest that conflicts between motivations for approaching rations and avoiding competitive feeding behaviour should be considered when efficient systems of locomotion control of cattle groups are designed, such as in AMSs. Key words: Dairy cattle, feeding, social behaviour, motivation
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Gibbons, J., A. B. Lawrence, and M. Haskell. "Methods for assessing sociability of dairy cows." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2007 (April 2007): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200019414.

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Sociability refers to the extent to which animals seek social companionship. Individual differences in social behaviour exist between animals. It is important to measure individual social motivation in order to develop suitable temperament scores that can be used in future breeding programmes or as part of welfare assessment schemes. Runway tests have been shown as reliable methods of measuring sociability in animals (Birds Mills & Faure, 1991; Sheep Sibbald et al., 2005). The aim was to develop a suitable test that could be used to measure sociability of cows in a commercial situation. The following questions were addressed i) How repeatable is the runway test when carried out on dairy cattle, ii) Does a cow’s performance in a runway test correlate with social behaviour within a group house setting?
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McConnachie, Emilie, Anne Marieke C. Smid, Alexander J. Thompson, Daniel M. Weary, Marek A. Gaworski, and Marina A. G. von Keyserlingk. "Cows are highly motivated to access a grooming substrate." Biology Letters 14, no. 8 (August 2018): 20180303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2018.0303.

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In natural environments, cattle use trees and other abrasive surfaces to scratch and groom themselves. Modern indoor dairy cattle housing systems often lack appropriate grooming substrates, restricting the animals' ability to groom. We assessed the motivation of dairy cows to access an automated mechanical brush, a grooming resource that can be implemented in indoor cattle housing systems. Cows were trained to push a weighted gate to access either fresh feed (positive control), a mechanical brush or the same space without a brush (negative control). Weight on the gate was gradually increased until all cows failed to open it. The weight each cow was willing to push to access each resource was assessed using the Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. Despite differences in methodology used to obtain data on motivation to access feed and the brush, the outcomes were very similar; cows worked as hard for access to fresh feed and the brush ( p = 0.94) and less hard for access to the empty space (compared with fresh feed: p < 0.01; brush: p < 0.02). These results indicate that cows are highly motivated to access a mechanical brush and that it is an important resource for cows.
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Abebe, Belete, and Mulugeta Alemayehu. "Challenges and Opportunities on Estrus Synchronization and Mass Artificial Insemination in Dairy Cows for Smallholders in Ethiopia." International Journal of Zoology 2021 (May 28, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9914095.

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In this paper, the potentials and constraints on estrus synchronization (ES) and artificial insemination (AI) practice for dairy cattle producers were overviewed. Compared to other African countries, Ethiopia has large numbers of dairy cattle population. However, the self-sufficiency in milk production is not yet attained due to the presence of a lot of limitations that hamper the success of ES and mass AI practice in many parts of the country such as improper selection of cows/heifers, inseminating a large number of cows/heifers in one day at a specific place (which creates stress for both AI technicians and female animals), absence of a data recording system, lack of clearly defined share of responsibilities among stakeholders, poor communication and collaboration among stakeholders, lack of motivations and skills of AI technicians, lack of support and readily available inputs, feed shortages, improper heat detection by smallholders and time of insemination, and lower reproductive performances of both indigenous and crossbred cows which consequently contributed to the unsuccessfulness of the technology.
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Paudyal, Sushil, Leslie Frenzel, and Kathrin Dunlap. "Influencing Perceptions in Non-animal Science Majors: Impact of a High Enrollment, Asynchronous Core Curriculum Science General Animal Science Course." Journal of Animal Science 99, Supplement_2 (May 1, 2021): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab096.083.

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Abstract Perceptions of animal production industry and background knowledge of animal science vary greatly amongst students, particularly non-animal science majors. The objective was to assess the influence of a large asynchronous core curriculum science course, General Animal Science, on non-major student perceptions and knowledge of animal science. Student surveys (n = 634) were conducted (preceding and subsequent to course completion. The majority (57.66%) indicated no agriculture background. Among those reporting an agriculture background, 47.82% indicated having animal industry experience, and a mean score of 4.22 [SD 2.96; Likert scale (0–10)] evaluating perceived strength of their agriculture background. Of respondents, 34.77% indicated experience with companion animal, 13.6% beef cattle, 12.5% equine, 10.4% sheep and goats, 8.01% swine, 9.7% poultry, and 3.5% dairy cattle. Post-course responses were received from 71% of the enrolled students (n=541), and comprised of freshman (0–29 credit hours; n = 81), sophomore (30–59, n = 142), junior (60–89; n = 141), senior (90+; n = 48). Respondents indicated a mean score of 7.51 [SD 2.47; Likert scale (0–10)] that this course increased their interest in animal science and indicated a mean score of 6.71 (SD 2.97) on motivation to further their animal science knowledge. Students reported they felt more informed in beef cattle (40.10%), dairy cattle (15.05%), equine (14.56%), poultry (10.92%), swine (4.61%), and small animal (6.55%) production industries. Respondents (98.06%) indicated increased confidence as an educated consumer of animal products and a majority (92.2%) agreed this course helped eliminate misconceptions related to the animal production industry. In addition, 34.22% responded extremely likely, and 50.73% somewhat likely to utilize course knowledge in their everyday life. We concluded that enrollment in the asynchronous core curriculum science course, General Animal Science, reduced misconceptions related to animal production and increased knowledge of and appreciation of the animal production industry in non-animal science majors.
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Yarnall, Matt J., and Michael V. Thrusfield. "Engaging veterinarians and farmers in eradicating bovine viral diarrhoea: a systematic review of economic impact." Veterinary Record 181, no. 13 (August 29, 2017): 347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.104370.

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Bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) is a significant drain on efficient and successful cattle production in both dairy and beef systems around the world. Several countries have achieved eradication of this disease, but always through the motivation of stakeholders who accept the benefits of eradication. These include increased cattle welfare and fitness of cattle to withstand other diseases, and decreased costs of production, the latter resulting from both decreased costs spent on managing the disease and decreased losses. This paper provides a systematic review of 31 papers, published between 1991 and 2015, that address the economic impact of BVD. Each paper takes a different approach, in either beef or dairy production or both. However with the breadth of work collated, a stakeholder engaged in BVD eradication should find an economic figure of most relevance to them. The reported economic impact ranges from £0 to £552 per cow per year (£2370 including outliers). This range represents endemic or subclinical disease situations seen in herds with stable BVD virus infection, and epidemic or severe acute situations, most often seen in naïve herds. The outcome of infection is therefore dependent on the immune status of the animal and severity of the strain. The variations in figures for the economic impact of BVD relate to these immune and pathogenicity factors, along with the variety of impacts monitored.
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Baxter-Smith, Katharine, and Robert Simpson. "OPEN ACCESS: Insights into UK farmers' attitudes towards cattle youngstock rearing and disease." Livestock 25, no. 6 (November 2, 2020): 274–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/live.2020.25.6.274.

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There is increased industry focus on optimised welfare, productivity and antibiotic usage in cattle youngstock, however, little is known about UK farmers' attitudes and practices in rearing calves. In this cross-sectional study, 479 farmers were surveyed online about their cattle youngstock rearing approach and outcomes. Represented were 174 dairy farmers, 255 beef suckler farmers and 50 calf rearers. Farmers showed awareness of good youngstock rearing practices such as colostrum management and housing facilities. Morbidity and mortality from diarrhoea (82%, 48%) and bovine respiratory disease (BRD) (68%, 48%) were high on farms surveyed but farmers did not frequently consult their veterinary surgeon regarding these diseases. Farmers surveyed were not always aware of the efficacy of preventative methods such as vaccination, and frequently used antibiotic treatments (27% for diarrhoea and 40% for BRD) but not diagnostics when animals had disease. Veterinary surgeons could use these insights to better understand farmers' motivations and priorities, to make communication more efficient and align goals.
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Detilleux, J., J. Arendt, A. Dewaele, F. Lomba, C. Doyen, L. Brumagne, D. Simon, F. Condis, and P. Triffoy. "A centre for the control of animal health and its management: veterinary field studies of dairy cows in Belgium." BSAP Occasional Publication 24 (1999): 193–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1463981500043247.

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AbstractIn 1998, the European Community, the Region Wallonne, and the Province du Hainaut funded the project known as the Centre for the control of animal health and its management (CESAM). This project was initiated in the Hainaut province of Belgium to answer problems encountered by cattle producers. Its overall goal is the identification of stages in the entire bovine production process where economic efficiency can be increased. A part of this project aims principally at the study of the impact of health-related problems on dairy production. For this part of the project, 32 veterinarians and 51 farmers started collecting data in the field. The methodology for data collection was based mainly on the harmony between the farmer and the veterinarian. Therefore, several procedures were implemented to ensure adequate motivation of both farmers and veterinarians. Farmers note all events of their livestock using a list, which contains disease events, preventive treatments, reasons for culling, and management practices. A veterinarian visits farms monthly to validate collected data and to discuss specific problems. During these farm visits, veterinarians collect body condition scores on adult cows. Veterinarians record also information on health problems they encounter during their normal practice using an international health data recording nomenclature. A national organization provides unique animal identification system. Production data will be recorded and feeding practices, milking procedures and barn comfort indices will be regularly investigated. All data will be collected on pre-printed documents, scanned at CESAM and centralized in a relational computer database. Criteria to evaluate the quality of the proposed methodology are presented.
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Khmelnychyi, L., and S. Khmelnychyi. "Population-genetic parameters of the traits of the body structure of cows of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy breed." Tehnologìâ virobnictva ì pererobki produktìv tvarinnictva, no. 2(150) (December 17, 2019): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.33245/2310-9289-2019-150-2-06-13.

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Researches of the linear traits of the body structure of cows of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed were conducted in the herd of the breeding plant of the Pidlisnivskoyi branch of PJSC «Rise-Maksymko» in Sumy region. The results of the correlated variability between conformation measurements and the value of animal milk yield in the age-related lactation dynamics were presented. Positive correlation coefficients were determined within the statistical significance between measurements and milk yield of first-born cows: height at withers (r=0,422) and sacrum (0,353), chest depth (r=0,362), width in pin (r=0,311), hip bone (0,271 ) and ischial humps (r=0.366); oblique body length (r=0,286) and rear (r=0,244); chest girth (r=0.391). With age ties are weakening. The degree of heritability measurements varies within the traits and age of cows. In the herd of the breeding farm revealed sufficient, reliable by Fisher's criterion, the level of inheritance coefficients, which will provide adequate efficiency of mass selection by height measurements at the withers (h2=0,347) and sacrum (h2=0,288), depth (h2=0,244) and chest girth (h2=0,348), rear width (h2=0,251‒0,264), oblique body length (h2=0,318) and rear part (h2=0,216), for which animals differed at the age of the first lactation. It was determined that the share of variability of measurements of the main traits of the body structure is caused by the heritability of improving breed (22.1‒36.4 %), parent breeding value of cows (16.1‒37.7 %), blood of father (10.9‒26, 6 %) and father line (8.6‒19.6 %). The positive correlation coefficients have been determined between the majority of body parts measurements and the value of milk yield, and the sufficient level of heritability in age-related lactation dynamics were the motivating factors for efficiency of selective breeding of dairy cattle breed by conformation. Power of influence of the breeding value of parent and his origin on the indicators of the conformation measurements of their offspring indicated the need to consider when selection of indicators of comprehensive assessment the breeding value of sires. Key words: Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy breed, cows, measurements, correlation, inheritance, power of influence, hope.
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Veerkamp, R. F., M. P. L. Calus, B. Beerda, and J. Ten Napel. "Robustness in dairy cattle." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2007 (April 2007): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200021621.

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Robustness can be defined as “the capacity to handle disturbances in common and sustainable, e.g. economically, systems”. To achieve a robust farming system, a broad perspective is needed (Napel 2005), but here we focus on genetic selection for robust cows and the origin of the need for such animals.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Dairy cattle Dairy cattle Motivation in animals"

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Lindström, Tina. "Feeding behaviour in dairy cows : motivational aspects /." Uppsala : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 2000. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/2000/91-576-5761-0.pdf.

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Gonzalez, Esquivel Carlos Ernesto. "Evaluation of suitability in dairy cattle production systems." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.286689.

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Faulkner, Mathew J. "Effects of Trace Mineral Supplementation in Lactating Dairy Cattle." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1467628749.

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Birnie, Jonathan William. "Factors affecting the fasting heat production of non-lactating dairy cattle." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301773.

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Bluel, Reagan J. Vogel. "The effects of supplemental anionic salts & yeast culture on the production of dairy cattle during the periparturient period." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4638.

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Thesis (M.S.) University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on August 21, 2007) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Swanepoel, Nadia. "Estimating amino acid limitations in California dairy rations and the effect of feeding a ruminally protected lysine supplement on animal performance." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-08122009-203115.

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Cromie, Andrew Robert. "Genotype by environment interaction for milk production traits in Holstein Friesian dairy cattle in Ireland." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.287404.

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Adhikari, Bijay. "Transmission and epidemiology of Salmonella enterica in commercial dairy farms in Washington State." Online access for everyone, 2008. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Summer2008/b_adhikari_060308.pdf.

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Li, Yihang Kaltenboeck Bernhard. "Therapeutic vaccines against chlamydial diseases." Auburn, Ala., 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1417.

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Salfen, Brent Edward. "Effect of the dominant ovarian follicle on the establishment and regulation of postpartum estrous cycles in dairy and beef animals /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9974683.

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Books on the topic "Dairy cattle Dairy cattle Motivation in animals"

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Sharma, Neelesh. Production diseases of dairy animals: With special references to post-parturient metabolic disorders. Delhi: Satish Serial Pub. House, 2011.

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R, Anderson J. Feeding farm animals, principally in reference to dairy cows. Victoria, B.C: R. Wolfenden, 1994.

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Seawell, Albert C. Bovine chlamydia disease: A view from the milkhouse. Ripon, WI (1047 Carol Ave., Ripon 54971): Seawell Enterprises, 1988.

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Minden, Cecilia. Farm animals. Ann Arbor, Mich: Cherry Lake Pub., 2009.

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Minden, Cecilia. Farm animals. Ann Arbor, Mich: Cherry Lake Pub., 2009.

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Minden, Cecilia. Farm animals. Ann Arbor, Mich: Cherry Lake Pub., 2010.

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Minden, Cecilia. Farm animals. Ann Arbor, Mich: Cherry Lake Pub., 2010.

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Minden, Cecilia. Farm animals. Ann Arbor, Mich: Cherry Lake Pub., 2010.

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Minden, Cecilia. Farm animals. Ann Arbor, Mich: Cherry Lake Pub., 2010.

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Minden, Cecilia. Farm animals. Ann Arbor, Mich: Cherry Lake Pub., 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Dairy cattle Dairy cattle Motivation in animals"

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Simm, Geoff, Geoff Pollott, Raphael Mrode, Ross Houston, and Karen Marshall. "Dairy cattle breeding." In Genetic improvement of farmed animals, 234–91. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789241723.0234.

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Abstract This chapter discussed the effects of applying the different principles in animal breeding such genetic analysis, predicting breeding values, use of tools and breeding technology, selection response within breeds, and strategies for genetic improvements in dairy cattle.
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Smith, Geof. "Residue Avoidance in Dairy Cattle Production Systems." In Strategies for Reducing Drug and Chemical Residues in Food Animals, 137–59. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118872819.ch9.

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Callaway, Todd R., Tom S. Edrington, T. L. Poole, and D. J. Nisbet. "Current Status of Practical Applications: Probiotics in Dairy Cattle." In Direct-Fed Microbials and Prebiotics for Animals, 121–35. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1311-0_8.

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Schallenberger, E., and D. L. Walters. "Endocrine Mechanisms Contributing to Postpartum Anoestrus in Dairy and Beef Cattle." In Endocrine Causes of Seasonal and Lactational Anestrus in Farm Animals, 206–20. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5026-9_24.

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Dijkstra, J., J. France, J. L. Ellis, E. Kebreab, S. López, J. W. Reijs, and A. Bannink. "Effects of nutritional strategies on simulated nitrogen excretion and methane emission in dairy cattle." In Modelling nutrient digestion and utilisation in farm animals, 394–402. Wageningen: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-712-7_43.

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Oduor, F. D. O., I. O. Jumba, and S. O. Wandiga. "Evaluation of the Trace Mineral Status of Lactating Dairy Cattle in Trans Nzoia District Western Kenya." In Trace Elements in Man and Animals 10, 786. New York, NY: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47466-2_253.

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Aly, Sharif S., and Sarah M. Depenbrock. "Preventing bacterial diseases in dairy cattle." In Improving dairy herd health Improving, 395–456. Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19103/as.2020.0086.16.

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A paradigm shift in the management of bacterial diseases of food animals is needed; a shift from pharmacologic interventions to disease risk identification and mitigation. The interaction between disease and its risk factors follows the disease triangle, a conceptual model that incorporates host, pathogen, and environmental factors as a tool to understand different aspects that influence disease. A sustainable approach to bacterial disease mitigation in production settings includes a comprehensive assessment of host, pathogen, and environmental factors of disease to build a prevention platform for multiple syndromes of bacterial disease in cattle. Using bovine respiratory disease as a model, the current chapter will focus on the state of the art of disease prevention in dairy cattle, and investigations into interactions between the host, environment and pathogen which can provide robust information on which to build a prevention platform for multiple syndromes of bacterial disease in cattle.
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Lucy, M. C., H. A. Garverick, and D. E. Spiers. "Stress in Dairy Animals | Management Induced Stress in Dairy Cattle: Effects on Reproduction." In Encyclopedia of Dairy Sciences, 575–81. Elsevier, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-374407-4.00470-2.

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Lucy, Matthew C., H. Allen Garverick, and Donald E. Spiers. "Stress in Dairy Animals—Management Induced Stress in Dairy Cattle: Effects on Reproduction ☆." In Reference Module in Food Science. Elsevier, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-100596-5.21424-8.

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Lucy, Matthew C., H. Allen Garverick, and Donald E. Spiers. "Stress in Dairy Animals – Management Induced Stress in Dairy Cattle: Effects on Reproduction." In Reference Module in Food Science. Elsevier, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-818766-1.00221-x.

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Conference papers on the topic "Dairy cattle Dairy cattle Motivation in animals"

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TRUKHACHEV, Vladimir, Sergey OLEYNIK, Nikolay ZLYDNEV, and Vitaliy MOROZOV. "SCREENING OF COMPLEX VERTEBRAL MALFORMATION (CVM) AND BOVINE LEUKOCYTE ADHESION DEFICIENCY (BLAD) IN THE AYRSHIRE CATTLE BREED IN THE NORTH CAUCASUS." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.142.

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The Ayrshire dairy breed is renowned for producing large quantities of high quality milk and, therefore, is frequently used for crossbreeding. However, various hereditary anomalies caused by gene mutations have been recently recorded in calves produced by some Ayrshire sires. Most of these anomalies were shown to have a recessive inheritance pattern, thus imposing a threat of unpredictable dramatic changes in cattle genotypes under such factors as genetic drift, selection and inbreeding. The purpose of this study was to examine the susceptibility of the Ayrshire cattle bred in the North Caucasus to such hereditary abnormalities as complex vertebral malformation (CVM) and bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency (BLAD). The investigation was carried out on 16 cows with various phenotype and reproduction disorders that were selected based on a three-year veterinary observation of 440 livestock animals. The target group cows were generally the descendants of Hannulan Yaskiyri, Riihiviidan Urho Errant and O.R. Lihting. The results demonstrated that no animals under study were the carriers of these genetic disorders, which proved the mutant alleles of BLAD and CVM to be absent from the Ayrshire cattle livestock bred in the North Caucasus. Therefore, the sires of these cattle can be successfully used for breeding.
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Gordillo, Gerardo, and Kalyan Annamalai. "Char and Tar Production From Dairy Biomass Gasification Using Air-Steam for Partial Oxidation." In ASME/JSME 2011 8th Thermal Engineering Joint Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajtec2011-44338.

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The increase in air pollution caused by combustion of fossil fuels demands the exploration of renewable energy sources in order to mitigate the dependence on fossil fuels. Research includes the efforts to partially replace fossil fuels with renewable energy-sources in thermal conversion processes in order to reduce the emission of CO2. The animal wastes can be considered as biomass fuels since their properties are almost similar to ration fed to animals. Concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) such as cattle feedlots and dairies produce a large amount of feedlot manure or feedlot biomass (FB) and dairy manure or dairy biomass (DB), which may lead to land, water, and air pollution if waste handling systems and storage and treatment structures are not properly managed. Both FB and DB are grouped under cattle manure or cattle biomass (CB). The concentrated production of low quality CB at these feeding operations can serve as a good feedstock for locally based gasification for syngas (CO and H2) production and subsequent use in combined heat and power generation. If thermal gasification technology is developed for DB fuels, the environmental impact from both animal feeding operations and fossil-fuels could be mitigated. The current paper presents experimental results obtained from adiabatic fixed-bed gasification of DB using a 10 KW fixed bed counter-flow gasifier and air-steam for partial oxidation. A mass spectrometer (ProLab Thermo ONIX) was used to analyze the gas composition continuously and at real time. The effect of the operating parameters studied, which includes equivalence ratio (1.6 < Φ < 6.4) and steam to fuel (S:F) ratio (0.4 < S:F < 0.8, on the yields of gases, char, and tar are discussed. Also, results from gasification of dairy biomass–ash blend (DB-Ash) and dairy biomass Wyoming coal blend (DB-WYC) is presented for comparison effects. In general, for the set of experiments performed using DB, the gas yield was 1.54 to 5.30 dry tar-free kg of gases per each kg of DAF DB gasified while the char production ranged from 0 to 0.18 kg of char per DAF kg of DB gasified. The average of tar concentration in gases leaving the gasifier was about 80 g/ SATP m3.
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TRUKHACHEV, Vladimir, Sergey OLEYNIK, and Nikolay ZLYDNEV. "DAILY DYNAMICS OF MILK QUALITY INDICATORS." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.067.

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Dairy cattle breeding is one of the main suppliers of protein and animal fat, it is one of the most important branches of agriculture and plays a primary role in providing adequate nutrition for the population. During the purposeful work on harmonization of the national regulatory framework with international legislation, special attention is paid to scientific developments in the way of full implementation of Russian livestock production in the global trading system. The recommendations of the International Committee for Registration of Animals (ICAR) (Global Standard…, 2017; Trukhachev et al., 2017) are the methodological basis for the introduction of the generally accepted organizational principles for the recording and evaluation of the productive qualities of animals. One of the stages of this process was implementation in 2015-2017. in the Stavropol State Agrarian University of research projects, especially significant for the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation in the direction of ensuring import substitution in animal husbandry (genetic material), which envisage the development of a regional model for the formation and management of highly productive genetic resources for dairy cattle. The object of the research was cattle (cows) of the North Caucasian population of the Ayrshire breed (n = 550), from which, based on the analysis of the materials of the primary zooveterinary records, groups of cows with 3-fold milking were formed to study the daily dynamics of fat and protein content in raw milk samples I, II and III milking, n = 240) and 2-fold milking (I and II milking - 180 cows). In the process of performing monthly analyzes of the quality of individual milk samples obtained from pedigree cows taken for 2- or 3-fold milking, it was found that a certain pattern is observed in the diurnal dynamics of fat and protein content in milk, which probably has a general biological nature and largely depends on the technological factor - the multiplicity of milking cows, which coincides, basically, with the regularities described in the methodology of the International Committee for Registration of Animals (ICAR). The nature of the dynamics of the concentration of fat in milk at 2- and 3-fold milking has, though a different mathematical form, but they have a general tendency: the fat in milk for milking cows, as a rule, is 10.77–10.98 % lower, than II and III milking. The variability of the protein concentration in milk during the day is the same as the fat dynamics, though it is less expressed than of fat and accounts 0.88%.
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