Relevant bibliographies by topics / Dairy cattle Dairy farms Estrus

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Academic literature on the topic 'Dairy cattle Dairy farms Estrus'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 2 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Dairy cattle Dairy farms Estrus"

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Mojumder, Mohammad Liaquat Osman, Jalal Uddin Ahmed, Md Musharraf Uddin Bhuiyan, Md Jahid Hasan, and Md Showkat Ali. "Evaluation of reproductive health status in government and commercial dairy herds of Bangladesh." Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 1, no. 1 (November 4, 2015): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ajmbr.v1i1.25495.

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To evaluate the reproductive herd health status, the data were collected from Talbag Dairy Farm, Savar; Bangladesh Agricultural University Dairy Farm, Mymensingh and Central Cattle Breeding and Dairy Farm, Savar for a period of two years. A total of 122 lactating cows were selected to collect data on productive and reproductive performance from the farms record book maintained by three farms. The mean value ± SD of breeding age, calving age, age at first conception, calving to first estrus, calving to first service, days open, calving interval, first service conception rate, number of service per conception, calf per year of Talbag Dairy Farm, BAU Dairy Farm, Central Cattle Breeding and Dairy Farm were 25.10 ± 2.68, 219.23 ± 12.23 and 27.40 ± 7.56 months; 34.30 ± 8.54, 55.88 ± 11.60 and 38.93 ± 8.58 months; 26.20 ± 4.05, 52.71 ± 12.55 and 29.83 ± 8.72 months; 165.00 ±73.82, 219.23 ± 121.83 and 190.50 ± 104.19 days; 165.00 ±73.82, 240.77 ± 128.59 and 190.50 ± 104.19 days; 201.00 ± 72.48, 250.38 ± 72.82 and 335.08 ± 118.61 days; 383.30 ± 57.87, 526.44 ± 196.80 and 523.17 ± 216.37 days; 73.50 ± 29.25, 64.75 ± 30.53 and 61.85 ± 31.87 %; 1.95 ± 0.44, 1.99 ± 0.72 and 2.30 ± 1.02; 383.30 ±57.87, 526.44 ± 196.80 and 523.17 ± 216.37 days, respectively. The overall calf mortality (%) in Talbag Dairy Farm, BAU Dairy Farm, Central Cattle Breeding and Dairy Farm were 4%, 0.70% and 4.06%, respectively. The calf mortality (%) at birth and birth to 30 days in Talbag Dairy Farm, BAU Dairy Farm, Central Cattle Breeding and Dairy Farm were 3%, 1% and 1.85%; 3.5%, 5% and 6.39%; respectively. It is concluded that commercial farms reasonably better due to optimum level of breeding age, first service conception rate, less calving interval and less service per conception.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2015, 1(1): 31-38
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СЕМЕНОВ, В. Г., С. Г. КОНДРУЧИНА, А. Н. МАЙКОТОВ, С. Л. ТОЛСТОВА, and Т. Н. ИВАНОВА. "SYSTEM OF DIRECTED REPRODUCTION OF DAIRY CATTLE." VESTNIK RIAZANSKOGO GOSUDARSTVENNOGO AGROTEHNOLOGICHESKOGO UNIVERSITETA IM P A KOSTYCHEVA, no. 4(48) (December 29, 2020): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.36508/rsatu.2020.48.4.010.

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Цель работы – изучить влияние направленного воспроизводства коров на формирование высокопродуктивных здоровых стад. Методология. Научно-исследовательская работа проведена в базовых хозяйствах Республики Казахстан: СПК «ПЗ Алматы», ИП «Сыдыков», ИП «Каримов», ТОО «Тастобе АгроФуд» Алматинской, ТОО «Какпатас-Кордай» Жамбылской, ТОО «Борте милка» Туркестанской и КХ «Зайтенов» Восточно-Казахстанской областей. Для искусственного осеменения выбирали телок 12-14-месячного возраста живой массой от 360 кг и коров-первотелок голштинской, симментальской, швицкой и черно-пестрой пород. Осеменение проводили ректоцервикальным методом с помощью инструмента Alpha Vision заморожено-оттаянным семенем, разделенным по полу. Результаты. Для ускоренного ремонта стада и увеличения поголовья высокопродуктивных коров в крупных хозяйствах по производству молока используют сексированное семя при первом и втором осеменении первотелок, полученных от высокопродуктивных матерей. Согласно научным данным, эффективность, получаемая от использования данной методики, составляет 65-95 % особей желательного пола. Наиболее высокие результаты плодотворности осеменения сексированным семенем в СПК «ПЗ Алматы», ИП «Каримов» и КХ «Какпатас Кордай» получены в осенне-зимний период и составили от 58,1 до 65,2 %, при индексе осеменения 1,58-1,72. При использовании сексированного семени от первотелок в среднем получено 92 % телок. При сравнительном анализе результатов по всем хозяйствам наиболее высокие показатели плодотворности осеменения отмечены у телок при естественной половой охоте. На фоне гормональной стимуляции половой охоты наблюдается снижение плодотворности осеменения в среднем на 4,72 %. При диспансеризации коров и телок выявлено 202 головы с нарушением воспроизводительных функций, из них вылечено 176 голов (87,13 %), с эндометритом – 81,25 %, с фолликулярной кистой – 86,79 %, с гипофункцией яичников – 91,76 %. Заключение. Научно обосновано и экспериментально доказано влияние направленного воспроизводства коров на формирование высокопродуктивных здоровых стад в базовых хозяйствах Республики Казахстан. Problem and purpose. The purpose of the work was to study the efect of directed reproduction of cows on formation of highly productive healthy herds. Methodology. The research was carried out at the basic farms of the Republic of Kazakhstan: APC “PZ Almaty”, PE “Sydykov”, PE “Karimov”, LLP “Tastobe AgroFood” in Almaty region, LLP “Kakpatas-Kordai” in Zhambyl region, LLP “Borte Milka” in Turkestan region and CF "Zaitenov" in Eastern-Kazakhstan region. For artifcial insemination, a calf of 12-14 months of age was chosen with a living mass of 360 kg and frst-born cows of Holstein, Simmental, Schwitz and black and white breeds. Insemination was performed by recto-cervical method using Alpha Vision tool with frozen-thawed semen divided by sex. Results. For accelerated repair of herd and increase of number of highly productive cows at large dairy farms one uses sexed semen for the frst and the second insemination of fresh cows got from highly productive mothers. According to scientifc data, the efciency obtained from using this technique is 65-95 % of individuals are of the desired sex. The highest results of the fruitfulness of insemination by sexed semen were obtained at APC “PZ Almaty”, PE “Karimov” and LLP “Kakpatas-Kordai” in the autumn-winter period and ranged from 58.1 to 65.2 %, with an insemination index of 1.58-1.72. When using sexed semen from fresh cows, about 92 % of heifers were obtained. With a comparative analysis of the results for all farms, the highest indicators of the fruitfulness of insemination were noted in calves during natural estrus. Against the background of hormonal stimulation of estrus, there was a decrease in the fruitfulness of insemination by an average of 4.72 %. During the medical examination of cows and heifers, 202 heads with impaired reproductive functions were detected, of which 176 heads (87.13 %) were cured, with endometritis - 81.25 %, with follicular cyst - 86.79 %, with ovarian hypofunction - 91.76 %. Conclusion. The infuence of directed reproduction of cows on formation of highly productive healthy herdswas scientifcally and experimentally proved at basic farms of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
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Lynch, Colin, Gerson Oliveira, Flavio Schenkel, and Christine F. Baes. "PSIII-9 Differences in Conception Rate across Breeding Protocols in Dairy Cattle." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_4 (November 3, 2020): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa278.428.

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Abstract Fertility performance success on dairy farms starts with estrus detection, especially for artificial insemination programs. Detection of estrus has become more difficult over the years due to a decrease in estrus expression in high-producing dairy cows, with up to 60% of ovulations accompanied by no standing mount. In order to alleviate the pressure of estrus detection, management technologies have been developed, including automated detectors of standing heat, activity monitors, automated in-line systems measuring milk progesterone, and hormonal synchronization protocols (FTAI). To gauge the effectiveness of such technologies, records from 647,940 cows across 1,166 herds over the past ten years (total of 3,466,593 breeding records) from herd management software were analyzed. Across all herds, there were 5,804 breeding protocols, of which 2,046 were unique. Due to the wide range of breeding protocols, records were classified as HORMONES, FTAI, HEAT DETECTION and OTHERS. Breeding protocols were classified as HORMONES if they included any hormone treatment. FTAI was a stricter subset of HORMONES, which included only clear FTAI protocols. Protocols were classified as HEAT DETECTION if they were a clear heat detection protocol, with all remaining protocols classified as OTHERS. These classifications resulted in 3,258 protocols classified as HORMONES, of which 2,002 were FTAI, while a further 1,840 were classified as HEAT DETECTION. The remaining 706 codes were classified as OTHER and removed from this study. These classifications provided an initial overview of breeding methods conception rates, with results indicating significant differences (P < 0.05) between all protocol groups, as outlined in Table 1. Further analysis will be completed to indicate conception rates from the most commonly used breeding protocols across each of the protocol groups within the 1,192 herds. This work will help provide a better understanding of the expected conception rate of various management technologies on commercial farms.
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Semenov Vladimir Grigoryevich,, Yelemesov Kopmagambet Yelemesovich,, Alentayev Aleidar Saldarovich,, Tyurin Vladimir Grigorievich,, and Baimukanov Aidar Dastanbekovich,. "ADAPTOGENESIS AND BIOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF CATTLE ON СOMMERCIAL DAIRY FARM." BULLETIN 6, no. 388 (December 15, 2020): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2020.2518-1467.186.

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The possibility of activating adaptive processes and organism resistance of cattle on commercial dairy farms under the influence of biological stimulants (polystim and PV-1) is proved. Biostimulants reduced the risk of gynecological disorders in cows: they reduced the retention time of placenta and subinvolution of uterus, reduced the endometritis and mastitis occurrence; increased reproductive function: shortened the time of the first estrus coming, increased the fertility, reduced the conception rate and duration of the service period, and improved the physicochemical composition of colostrum. The used biostimulants contributed to the increase in live weight of calves while increasing the relatively high level of assimilative processes associated with the fact that their forage energy was mainly spent on increasing body weight. At the same time, in calves not injected with biological preparations, it was mainly spent on providing homeothermia (i.e., maintaining constant body temperature), which was especially evident at low external temperatures. In calves raised in the conditions of intensive technology in winter, after the administration of dostim and polystim, the following indicators were significantly higher: the phagocytic activity of leukocytes by 5.4% - 6.4%, the lysozyme activity of plasma - by 3.0% - 6.2%, the blood serum bactericidal activity - by 7.1% - 9.5% and the content of immunoglobulins - by 2.5 mg/ml - 3.1 mg/ml. With the adaptive technology, the data of these indicators were higher: in winter period - by 5.2 - 6.4%, 3.1 - 6.2%, 6.0 - 8.7% and 4.7 - 5.7 mg/ml; and in spring-summer period - by 0.2 - 0.6%, 4.6 - 5.7%, 4.9 - 7.2% and 3.4 - 4.8 mg/ml (P<0.05-0.001), respectively.
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Lopes, Sabrina Thabla Pereira, Bruno Da Silva Prado, Gustavo Henrique Chaves Martins, Hiran Esmeraldo Albuquerque Beserra, Marcos Antônio Celestino de Souza Filho, Luanna Soares de Melo Evangelista, Janaina De Fátima Saraiva Cardoso, Ana Lys Bezerra Barradas Mineiro, and José Adalmir Torres De Souza. "Trypanosoma vivax in Dairy Cattle." Acta Scientiae Veterinariae 46 (April 30, 2018): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.86772.

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Background: Trypanosoma vivax is a protozoan that causes reproductive disorders and decreased production in domestic and wild ungulate animals. The bovine are the main hosts of the disease and the transmission occurs by the bite of hematophagous insects, mainly tabanids. Several diagnostic techniques can be used to detect the parasite, both in parasitologicalform and by serological kits. In Brazil, the disease has been reported in bovines, goats and sheep of some states, with high morbidity and mortality and due to the scarcity of results on the epidemiology of the disease, this work had the objective to report the presence of T. vivax in a female bovine of a dairy herd in Parnaíba county, Piauí.Case: The animal naturally infected by Trypanosoma vivax, was a three-year-old cow from a dairy farm in the Parnaíba county, located in the north of Piauí state. The farm had a herd whith 62.20% of young Girolando breed cows and the breeding system used was semi-confinement, with two mechanical milking per day. At the time of a Veterinarian’s technicalvisit to the property, it was observed the occurrence of abortions, mastitis, estrus repetitions and cows with hematuria, leading to the suspicion of the bovine leptospirosis occurrence. Blood samples were collected from 78 cows from the herd for hematological, biochemical and serological tests, and 72 (92.30%) were reactive to some Leptospira serovars. All the exams were carried out at the Federal University of Piauí (UFPI). In the group of animals negative for leptospirosis, a female was diagnosed positive for bovine trypanosomiasis, confirming the result in the blood smear. This animal had no clinical signs characteristic of the disease at the time of the evaluation.Discussion: Blood trypomastigote forms of Trypanosoma vivax were visualized on several slides of the animal smear and all the morphological structures of the parasite found were clearly seen under microscopyas described in the literature. The hematological alterations observed were normochromic normocytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukocytosis due tolymphocytosis, monocytosis and eosinophilia. The anemia and leukocytosis clinical condition found in the specific animal is commonly found in bovines naturally infected by trypanosomiasis in the chronic phase of the disease. The results of the serum biochemistry revealed decreased blood glucose and increased renal and hepatic parameters, as well as the inversion of the albumin-globulin ratio. Similar laboratory results were also described previously. The animal had a good body score, a good diet and showed no clinical signs of the disease. A good nutrition may have controlled the T. vivax parasitaemia, avoiding the characterization of the clinical condition. This fact can be attributed to the differences in pathogenicity of the parasite and/or susceptibility of a particular host. In the area of the farm where the cattle were housed the presence ofseveral tabanids was noticed and the increase of these insects in the environment is considered a risk factor, predisposing, even, the occurrence of new outbreaks. The epidemiological situation of the disease in Brazil is described, for the most part, by reports of outbreaks or specific events, revealing the lack of more consistent studies. With this result it is knownthat trypanosomiasis exists in the dairy herd of the state of Piauí, being important to carry out new work to diagnose the epidemiological situation of the disease within the productive context of our region.Keywords: bovine, dairy herd, trypanosomiasis.
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Michaelis, I., E. Hasenpusch, and W. Heuwieser. "Estrus detection in dairy cattle: Changes after the introduction of an automated activity monitoring system?" Tierärztliche Praxis Ausgabe G: Großtiere / Nutztiere 41, no. 03 (2013): 159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1623167.

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Summary Objective: In context of the study farmers using an automated activity monitoring (AAM) system called Heatime were surveyed on estrus detection practices. The aim of the study was to gain an overview of the usual estrus detection methods and especially to learn about the practical aspects of that system. Material and methods: Items addressing farm and animal environment, estrus detection before and after installation of Heatime, reproduction, Heatime management and the far mer’s perception of efficiency were asked. Results: A total of 232 survey forms were returned (58.3% response rate) and 219 surveys could be used for final analysis. Visual observation was the most common practice to detect estrus. After installation of the Heatime system the farmers assessed that the application of hormones for reproduction management decreased. The majority of the responding dairy farmers (93.1%) strongly agreed or agreed that heat detection was higher after the installation of Heatime. Most of them (92.3%) strongly agreed or agreed with the statement that the reproduction management became easier with Heatime. Conclusion: Overall, 94.1% of the responding farm managers were satisfied with the Heatime system and almost all of them (94.5%) would install the system again. Clinical relevance: The results show that the Heatime system is a well accepted estrus detection aid and has the potential to reduce the time needed for estrus detection and might potentially reduce the use of hormones.
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Lee, Jihwan, Suhyun Lee, Younbae Park, Seokhyun Lee, Seungmin Ha, Manhye Han, Gulwon Jang, Myunghum Park, Kyungwoon Kim, and Hakjae Chung. "The Detection of Bovine Estrus by Lactoferrin Monoclonal Antibody." Animals 11, no. 6 (May 28, 2021): 1582. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11061582.

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To improve reproductive performance in cattle, the accurate detection of estrus and optimization of insemination relative to ovulation are necessary. However, poor heat detection by farm staff leads to a decreased conception rate, thus inflicting economic damage to the beef and dairy industries. This study aimed to develop monoclonal antibodies (mAb) that can specifically bind to the bovine lactoferrin (bLF) protein, which we have previously demonstrated to be overexpressed in bovine cervical mucus during estrus. Female rats were intraperitoneally immunized with bLF protein as the antigen. Anti-bLF mAbs were then purified by affinity chromatography, and their binding affinity for the bLF antigen was examined using ELISA. We found a high binding affinity between mAbs and bLF. Finally, we developed a rapid bovine heat detection kit using the anti-bLF mAbs that we generated and tested on cervical mucus from 12 cows (estrous synchronization, n = 2; natural cycling, n = 10). We found that the kits accurately detected estrus. Overall, our fabricated heat detection kit based on rat anti-bLF mAbs could pave the way for the development of potent tools for heat detection devices for dairy cattle, thereby preventing economic loss.
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Leigh, Olufisayo Oluwadamilare, Lukman Mustapha, Agbugba Chinyere Linda, and Adaeze Ezenwanyi Ibiam. "Timed Artificial Insemination: Pregnancy Rates in Sokoto Gudali Cattle Treated with Prostaglandin F2 Alpha at a Private Dairy Farm in Nigeria." ANIMAL PRODUCTION 20, no. 1 (January 29, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.jap.2018.20.1.636.

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Pregnancy rates (PR) resulting from timed artificial insemination (TAI) with frozen semen were investigated in 192 Sokoto Gudali (SG) cattle following estrus synchronization under 11- and 12- day treatment intervals with prostaglandin F2 alpha (Estrumate®). Two-point inseminations at 60 h and 72 h post Estrumate® treatments were used. All cattle were randomly allocated to 2 groups i.e. A and B, such that each sub-group of A1, A2, B1 and B2 had sixteen (16) cows and thirty two (32) heifers. Furthermore, cattle in Groups A and B were administered double Estrumate® injections at 11- and 12-day intervals, respectively. Cattle in sub-groups A1 and B1 were inseminated at 60 h post second Estrumate® injection while A2 and B2 were inseminated at 72 h. Pregnancy was diagnosed using the 60-day non return to estrus and confirmed via rectal palpation at 90 days post insemination. The results showed the following PR: 33%, 83%, 33% and 33% for cattle in sub-groups A1, A2, B1 and B2, respectively. It is concluded therefore that timed artificial insemination at 72 h in SG cattle treated with double Estrumate® injections at 11-day interval produced the best pregnancy rate. These findings raises hope on the future application of TAI in breeding the SG cattle with prostaglandin F2 alpha as single agent of estrus synchronization.
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El-Sayed, G., Mohamed El-Diasty, and Hadeer Magdy. "Effect of progesterone on some reproductive performances in cattle." Mansoura Veterinary Medical Journal 20, no. 2 (June 25, 2019): 86–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.35943/mvmj.2019.22.109.

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Our experiment was conducted at a special dairy farm in Dakahlia Governorate between the periods (March –May 2018), This farm consisted of 400 Holestien cows; from the total of the animals only 210 lactating cows. The established experiment applied on 40 cows suffered from different types of anestrum detected by ultrasonography as follow (15 cows suffer from cystic ovary, 15 cows suffer from smooth inactive ovaries and 10 cows suffer from persist corpus luteum to study the effect of progesterone device insertion in dairy cattle and its effect in fertility. On day 0, cattle at random stage of estrous cycle received controlled internal drug release vaginal insert (CIDR).We left the CIDR in the vagina for seven days as we inject PGF2 on day 6 and remove the CIDR on day 7, blood samples were collected from 25 animals at zero day, 3rd, 7th and 9th day from the tail vein, and then we follow the estrous and detected the estrus cow for AI and apply ultrasonography for pregnancy diagnosis after 30 day from insemination From this study it was concluded that the use of progesterone for 7 days +i.m. injection of PGF2α in the 7th day can applied to dairy cattle to restart ovarian activity and it is an effective treatment for different infertility cases like cystic ovarian disease, persist corpus luteum and smooth in active ovaries. Moreover present study provides evidence for the importance of prior exposure to progesterone for cows to express estrous behavior, increase number of pregnant animals and increase conception rate.
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Karki, Bikalpa, Rabin Raut, Krishna Prasad Sankhi, Umesh Mandal, and Gokarna Gautam. "Fertility Improvement by Ovsynch Protocol in Repeat Breeder Cattle of Kathmandu Valley." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 6, no. 3 (October 1, 2018): 261–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v6i3.21183.

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Repeat breeders cause substantial loss in dairy herds mainly affecting the reproductive efficiency and economy of milk production in cattle and buffaloes. A study was conducted in cattle farms of various farmers of three districts of Central Region of Nepal; Kathmandu, Bhaktapur and Lalitpur during March-August 2016. A total of 20 repeat breeder cows were selected for the trial. Repeat breeder cows were identified based on the history of at least three repeated breeding at an interval of around three weeks. We applied Ovsynch protocol where two reproductive hormones; Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) and Prostaglandin (PGF2α) were injected. Pregnancy was initially diagnosed by Biopryn Test kit using serum samples. Rectal examination confirmed pregnancy after 2 months of artificial insemination (AI). 16 cows expressed clear estrus signs during fixed time AI. 5 (83.3%) out of 6 cows with cystic ovary expressed estrus at the time of fixed time AI. 4 (66.7%) of these cows became pregnant.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 6(3): 261-264
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Dairy cattle Dairy farms Estrus"

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Meadows, Cheyney. "Evaluation of the effects of a contract breeding program on reproductive efficiency in Ohio dairy herds." Connect to resource, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1117163496.

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Meyer, Joseph Patrick. "Evaluation of estrus synchronization protocols for first and second insemination in dairy cows and heifers /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1426088.

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Durbin, Donna. "Distribution of Sexual Activities Within Estrus of Dairy Cattle." TopSCHOLAR®, 1991. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/2279.

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Previous studies of dairy cattle have indicated that heifers and cows in hot, cold and moderate weather had different patterns of sexual activities. The purpose of this study was to compare distribution of sexual activities within estrus of dairy cattle. Three groups of lactating cows in hot, cold and moderate weather and a group of heifers in cold weather were observed. Estrus for each individual was divided into 12 equal periods. Sexual activities for 3 and 6 hours before and after estrus were also observed. The numbers of mounts and distribution of total sexual activities was analyzed. Mounts received per animal per period for all four groups were significantly different. Heifers had significantly more mounts than cows with 5.8 mounts per animal per period. Cows in hot weather had significantly less mounts than other groups with 1.2 mounts per animal per group. Cows in cold and moderate weather had similar numbers of mounts with 2.9 and 2.4 mounts per animal per period, respectively. This was significantly fewer mounts than were received by heifers but a significantly higher number of mounts than received by cows in hot weather. There was much individual variation; however, the distribution of mounts and activities per period did not significantly differ across groups. There were trends for cows in hot weather to have rest periods within estrus where less mounting occurred. Secondary sexual activities before and after standing estrus were less intense than during estrus. Secondary sexual activities were greater in the three hours before and after estrus compared to the three to six hours before and after estrus.
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Olynk, Nicole J. "Economic analyses of reproduction management strategies and technologies on U.S. dairy farms." Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2008.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Michigan State University. Dept. of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics, 2008.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on July 28, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 105-108). Also issued in print.
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Smith, Edward Mark. "Population biology of Staphylococcus aureus on dairy cattle farms." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2004. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/73120/.

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A total of 450 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were typed using multilocus sequence typing (MLST). They were isolated from the cattle and environment of a UK organic dairy farm, 43 dairy herds in the USA, the mammary glands of cattle in Chile and the UK, and also included the reference strain Newbould 305 (NCIMB 702892). Strains were compared to investigate differences between isolates from varying sites of isolation and the population detected on a single farm. MLST was suitable for the differentiation of bovine associated S. aureus, and thirty different sequence types were detected. These contained a number of novel alleles detected at each loci, agreeing with previous reports of host-specialisation, and indicating localised strain evolution. MLST was also able to discriminate between isolates detected in milk and on teat skin. The N ewbould 305 strain was significantly (p<0.05) associated with teat skin, and this may have important implications for future studies. The majority of isolates (87.4%) were present within one previously undescribed clonal complex (CC97), which contained representatives from all three geographic locations. Analysis of isolates from a single farrri demonstrated the clonality of the organism, supporting the theory of cow-to-cow spread of disease. No isolates were detected in heifer mammary secretions, suggesting transmission to these animals did not occur. Typing of multiple colonies from a single sample demonstrated strain heterogeneity within individual quarters. Environmental isolates were detected, though it is unlikely that they formed a significant reservoir of infection on the farm studied.
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Duval, Julie. "Herd health advisory services in organic dairy cattle farms." Thesis, Nantes, Ecole nationale vétérinaire, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ONIR086F/document.

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Améliorer la santé des vaches laitières en élevage agrobiologiques (AB) est bien souvent nécessaire, pour ces élevages ne répondant pas toujours aux principes de l’AB et aux attentes des consommateurs d’avoir un niveau de santé et bien-être animal élevé. Cette thèse explore des voies d’amélioration du conseil sanitaire en vue d'améliorer la santé animale dans ces élevages. Les résultats de nos travaux montrent que les vétérinaires ont le plus souvent un rôle de thérapeute dans les élevages laitiers AB. L'obtention d'un rôle de conseiller a été entravée par des spécificités liées à l’AB, telles que les différences entre éleveurs et vétérinaires dans les objectifs de gestion de la santé des animaux et les pratiques sanitaires. Une étude d'intervention a été effectuée pour tester un dispositif de conseil dans des élevages AB en France et en Suède, basé sur l’utilisation d’outils de surveillance et prévention de maladies de production. Le dispositif a été réalisé en utilisant une approche participative, impliquant l’éleveur et le conseiller ; la flexibilité de l’outil a permis de produire un protocole de surveillance adaptée à chaque élevage. Bien qu’aucun effet sur la santé du troupeau n’a été prouvé, le dispositif a été perçu pour contribuer à la santé du troupeau par ses utilisateurs. Il a rempli la plupart de ses fonctions prévues de surveillance et de prévention des maladies et a stimulé le dialogue entre éleveurs et conseillers. Des outils qui stimulent le dialogue et qui sont adaptables à chaque élevage sont une voie à suivre pour le développement du conseil en santé animale
Improving herd health on organic dairy farms is often needed, since organic dairy farms do not consistently meet the organic principles and consumers’ expectations of high animal health and welfare. This thesis explores ways to improve the pertinence of herd health advisory services in order to improve animal health on organic dairy farms. The results of our studies show that veterinarians mostoften have a role of therapist on organic dairy farms. Obtaining a more advisory role was hampered due to specificities of the organic sector, such as differences between farmers and veterinarians in animal health management objectives and practices. An intervention study was performed testing a Herd Health and Production Management (HHPM) program on organic dairy farms in France and Sweden, based on herd health monitoring and disease prevention activities. The program was built using a participatory approach, making farmer and advisor work together ; the adaptability of the program allowed to design farm specific herd health monitoring tools. Although no effecton herd health measured, the program was perceived to contribute to herd health by its users. The program fulfilled most of its intended functions in herd healthmonitoring and disease prevention and stimulated dialogue between farmers and their advisors. We consider that dialogue promoting and tools adaptable to farm specific situations are a possible way forward for the development of advisory services in animal health
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Mayo, Lauren M. "ASSESSING THE EFFICACY OF AUTOMATED DETECTION OF ESTRUS IN DAIRY CATTLE." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/animalsci_etds/51.

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The detection of estrus continues to be a primary factor contributing to poor reproductive performance in modern dairy cattle. The objectives of this research were 1) to evaluate performance of automated detection of estrus using a reference standard of ovulation detection with temporal progesterone patterns 2) to evaluate the efficacy of parameters measured by automated detection of estrus systems 3) to evaluate the efficacy of alerts generated by several commercially available systems used for automated detection of estrus and 4) to determine the differences in these parameters among cows with or without poor health conditions at the time of estrus. Systems used for automated detection of estrus can perform better than the previous original reference standard, visual observation for standing behaviors. All systems used for automated detection of estrus tested were similar for estrus detection efficiency.
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Larcombe, Michael Tinniswood. "The effects of manipulating reproduction on the productivity and profitability of dairy herds which graze pasture /." Connect to thesis, 1989. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00000650.

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McClenton, Brandon Jermaine. "Use of corn forage for grazing lactating dairy cows an alternative management tool for dairy farms /." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2007. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-08142007-130702.

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Silva, Catarina de Noronha Krug Marques da. "Welfare indicators identification in Portuguese dairy cows farms." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/6362.

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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
The objective of this study was to determine the possibility of identifying dairy farms with poor welfare using a national cattle database. The welfare of dairy cattle was assessed using the Welfare Quality protocol on almost 2000 adult animals from 24 Portuguese dairy farms. More than 14 million records from national cattle database were analyzed to identify potential welfare indicators for dairy farms. Within the 24 dairy farms, one was scored as ‗enhanced‘, 18 were ‗acceptable‘ and five were ‗not classified‘, according to the Welfare Quality protocol. The main welfare problems identified were: presence of lesions and swellings mainly in the lower back legs and neck/back area; approximately 40% of moderate lameness; no pain management in disbudded calves; non-grazing production systems; insufficient or dirty drinkers; severe dirtiness of the udder and hindquarter; and high percentage of cows lying outside the stall. Twelve potential welfare indicators were identified. Within these only two, proportion of on-farm deaths and female/male births ratio, were significantly different between farms with good welfare (‗enhanced‘ and ‗acceptable‘) and poor welfare (‗not classified‘). A model to detect farms with poor welfare was created with J48 classifier and it had 75.86% accuracy.
RESUMO - Identificação de Indicadores de Bem-estar Animal em Explorações de Bovinos Leiteiros em Portugal - Este trabalho teve como propósito determinar a possibilidade de identificar vacarias de leite com baixos níveis de bem-estar através do Sistema Nacional de Identificação e Registo de Bovinos (SNIRB). Aplicou-se o protocolo Welfare Quality em cerca de 2000 animais adultos de 24 explorações portuguesas. Analisaram-se mais de 14 milhões de registos do SNIRB na tentativa de identificar potenciais indicadores de bem-estar nacionais. Tendo como base os princípios do Welfare Quality, uma exploração foi classificada como tendo um nível de bem-estar ―elevado‖, 18 obtiveram um nível de bem-estar ―aceitável‖ e cinco não obtiveram os requisitos mínimos de bem-estar. Os principais problemas encontrados foram: presença de lesões e tumefações principalmente nas regiões do curvilhão e dorso; percentagem média de claudicação moderada por volta dos 40%; descorna sem controlo de dor; sistemas de produção sem pastoreio; bebedouros insuficientes ou sujos; elevado nível de sujidade no quarto traseiro e úbere; elevada percentagem de vacas deitadas fora do cubículo. Identificaram-se doze potenciais indicadores de bem-estar nacionais. Apenas dois destes, ―morte na exploração‖ e ―rácio de nascimentos fêmea/macho‖, foram estatisticamente diferentes entre explorações com alto (―elevado‖ e ―aceitável‖) e baixo (sem requisitos mínimos) níveis de bem-estar. Usando o classificador J48 foi possível criar um modelo que detecta explorações com baixo nível de bem-estar e 75,86% das explorações foram correctamente classificadas.
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Books on the topic "Dairy cattle Dairy farms Estrus"

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At the dairy farm. London: Wayland, 2011.

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Galvin, James A. Ovarian follicular development following oestrus syncronization programmes at different stages of the oestrous cycle in lactating dairy cows. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1995.

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Moran, John. Tropical dairy farming: Feeding management for small holder dairy farmers in the humid tropics. Collingwood, VIC, Australia: Land Links, 2005.

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Moran, John. Tropical dairy farming: Feeding management for small holder dairy farmers in the humid tropics. Collingwood, VIC, Australia: Land Links, 2005.

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Kelleher, Michael J. Analysis of automated grain feedin systems on dairy farms in New York State. Ithaca, N.Y: Cornell University, 1985.

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Gangwer, Michael I. Analysis of separated manure solids from selected manure separators in Willamette Valley, Oregon, dairy facilities. Corvallis, Or: Oregon State University Extension Service, 1995.

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Young, C. Edwin. Alternatives for dairy manure management. [Washington, DC]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, Natural Resource Economics Division, 1986.

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Swensson, Christian. Ammonia release and nitrogen balances on south Swedish dairy farms 1997-1999. Alnarp [Sweden]: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2002.

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P, Nkhonjera Lidie, ed. Evaluation of the productivity of crossbred dairy cattle on smallholder and government farms in the Republic of Malawi. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: International Livestock Centre for Africa, 1986.

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Grandin, Temple, ed. Improving animal welfare: a practical approach. 3rd ed. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245219.0000.

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Abstract The third edition of this book contains a total of 20 chapters (including 3 new chapters), including the implementation of an effective animal welfare programme; the importance of measurement to improve the welfare of livestock, poultry and fish; the social and ethical importance of agricultural animal welfare; the implementation of effective animal-based measurements for assessing animal welfare on farms and slaughter plants; how to improve livestock handling and reduce stress; painful husbandry procedures in livestock and poultry; the importance of good stockmanship and its benefits to animals; in-farm considerations of animal behaviour and emotions; improving livestock, poultry and fish welfare in slaughter plants with auditing programmes and animal-based measures; recommended on-farm euthanasia practices; welfare during transport of livestock and poultry; animal well-being on organic farms; a practical approach on sustainability for supply chain managers of meat, dairy and other animal proteins; the effect of economic factors on the welfare of livestock and poultry; practical approaches for changing and improving animal care and welfare; successful technology transfer of behavioural and animal welfare research to the farm and slaughter plant; technological innovations for individualized animal care and welfare; technology designed to enhance poultry welfare; precision livestock farming and technology in swine welfare and practical methods for improving the welfare of horses, donkeys and mules. There is also a list of videos that will allow students to see different types of farms and technology for raising broiler chickens, cattle, laying hens and pigs. This book provides practical information which will enable veterinarians, managers, animal scientists and policy makers to improve welfare. It will be especially useful for training animal welfare specialists.
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Book chapters on the topic "Dairy cattle Dairy farms Estrus"

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Schutz, M. M., V. Maciuc, K. Gay, and T. Nennich. "18. Survey of genetic selection on pasture-based dairy farms in the USA and Romania." In Cattle husbandry in Eastern Europe and China, 223–30. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-785-1_18.

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Iwersen, Michael, and Marc Drillich. "Advances in techniques for health monitoring/disease detection in dairy cattle." In Improving dairy herd health Improving, 53–100. Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19103/as.2020.0086.04.

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Livestock production has been characterized by the intensification and specialization of production leading to larger farms and, hence, to fewer farmers per animal. Thus, the animal-to-stockman ratio is increasing and the available time for monitoring an individual animal is reducing. In the same time period, the focus in the veterinary profession has shifted from treatment of acutely diseased animals to more proactive management, which includes the use of epidemiological tools to identify risk factors for animal health, welfare and production. As part of a modern herd management, reliable data on animal health are provided e.g. by routine and standardized testing of animals for the presence of disease. For this, traditional and increasingly sophisticated diagnostic tools are available. Recently, farmers have increasingly been using sensor technologies, allowing continuous and automated health monitoring of livestock. This aims in establishing an early warning system to optimize herd health management and fostering decision making.
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Kerro Dego, Oudessa. "Current Status of Antimicrobial Resistance and Prospect for New Vaccines against Major Bacterial Bovine Mastitis Pathogens." In Animal Reproduction in Veterinary Medicine [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94227.

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Economic losses due to bovine mastitis is estimated to be $2 billion in the United States alone. Antimicrobials are used extensively in dairy farms for prevention and treatment of mastitis and other diseases of dairy cattle. The use of antimicrobials for treatment and prevention of diseases of dairy cattle needs to be prudent to slow down the development, persistence, and spread of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria from dairy farms to humans, animals, and farm environments. Because of public health and food safety concerns regarding antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial residues in meat and milk, alternative approaches for disease control are required. These include vaccines, improvements in housing, management practices that reduce the likelihood and effect of infectious diseases, management systems and feed formulation, studies to gain a better understanding of animal behavior, and the development of more probiotics and competitive exclusion products. Monitoring antimicrobial resistance patterns of bacterial isolates from cases of mastitis and dairy farm environments is important for treatment decisions and proper design of antimicrobial-resistance mitigation measures. It also helps to determine emergence, persistence, and potential risk of the spread of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and resistome from these reservoirs in dairy farms to humans, animals, and farm environments.
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Millon, Mark. "Devon and its Evolving Food Culture." In Food and Drink: the cultural context. Goodfellow Publishers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.23912/978-1-908999-03-0-2338.

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Bordering Cornwall to the west and Dorset and Somerset to the east and north, Devon is one of England’s largest counties. With Exeter as its capital, it is bounded by the English Channel to the south and the Bristol Channel some 70 miles to the north. In between is a bucolic landscape of gently rolling and verdant pastures for the grazing of dairy cattle and sheep; rich arable farmland; and the rugged, upland country of Dartmoor and Exmoor. This is enviable agricultural country. Devon’s beautiful pasturelands provide grazing for dairy cattle and the county is the source of rich dairy products such as milk, cream, Devon’s famous clotted cream, as well as an increasing and outstanding range of farmhouse cheeses. On upland farms, native breeds such as Red Ruby and South Devon cattle, as well as lamb raised on Dartmoor and Exmoor, provide excellent meats. Organic vegetables and fruit are cultivated in the rich red earth of Devon. Wild foods such as game as well as mushrooms and plants foraged in woodlands add to the local diet, while an increasing range of artisan, hand-crafted foods are produced on both small, cottage scale as well as at a level that allows for national and even international distribution. A fabulous catch of fish and shellfish is landed by day boats and trawlers alike in the ports of Brixham and Exmouth. Regional foods are most ably washed down with traditional cask-conditioned ales, raspingly tannic Devon farmhouse ‘scrumpy’ or cider, and an increasing number of award-winning Devon wines.
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Krausp, Valentin, and Grigoryan Bagdasar Ovik. "Electric Robotized Organic Technology for Livestock Production on a Pasture Field." In Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies, 180–98. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7573-3.ch007.

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The concept and principle solutions create breakthrough electro-robotized technology organic food ECO-1m used in plants for the production of ecologically clean meat and dairy food. Breakthrough technology overcomes competition and international sanctions, providing export expansion due to the novelty of domestic solutions, supported by patents for new robotic machines and equipment. ECO-1m for the first time used highly reliable, technically advanced serial technique of the sectors of the defense industrial complex, aerospace, and electrified railways. The stages and results of fundamental research on the improvement of technical solutions and a list of implemented automated farms, where the parameters of breakthrough technology ECO-1m. Technology is a modular plant consisting of 12 departments placed on 2500ga of arable land, and 3000 head of mixed aged cattle, which contains on cultural pastures. According to the indicators of the developed business plan, the plant has 3-3.5 times higher productivity, with a profitability of 30-40%.
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"deteriorating situation of the mountain peasantry became a defense problem, did this question of 'rural exchange' receive high priority in the Economic Programme of the government [SPP, 1985]. Agrarian investment in the 1980-84 period was maintained at a high level, equivalent to about half the national total. This was almost exclusively concentrated on the APP: that is, in about half the modern sector or about a quarter of the whole of agriculture. This investment included extensive irrigation works, imports of tractors and combine harvesters, coffee reno-vation, a sugar mill, palm oil plantations, intensive dairy and beef breeding units, as well as the recapitalisation of the new state farms ruined by their previous owners. It formed part of a long-term strategy discussed below and thus did not itself add much to production during the first five years, although it did help compensate declines in the large private production sector. Given the external terms of trade (which had deteriorated by 40 per cent between 1977 and 1983 [CEPAL, 1984]) and the gradual recovery of production, the agricultural sector was not in a position to generate a sufficiently large surplus to finance its own investment. Even though the sector generated three times more exports than it absorbed imports [MIDINRA, 1985], the foreign exchange thus released was needed to maintain basic consumption elsewhere in the economy. Similarly, food supplies over and above the requirements of the agrarian workforce were needed to maintain the rest of the population; there was no significant capital goods sector to absorb these wagegoods [FitzGerald, 1982]. Thus, this investment was basically financed from abroad, initially with long-term development loans from multilateral institutions, but as US agression increased these funds were cut off and replaced by commercial credits from both capitalist and socialist suppliers. This was economically justifiable in that the increment in exports (or substituted imports) would have a compensatory balance of payments effect within a few years. Eventually, however, a net exchange surplus would have to be generated so that agroexports should expand more rapidly than domestic foodstuffs rather than the reverse, as had been the case between 1980 and 1984, when popular living standards had a higher priority than the trade balance. None the less, the major shortcoming of this accumulation model was undoubtedly its almost exclusive concentration on the APP as the focus of modernisation. Large private farmers might not wish to invest, but the middle farmers and the co-operatives were also neglected in machinery assignment, cattle restocking, and irrigation equipment. The political objective of preventing the re-emergence of capitalist accumulation or the reconstruc-tion of a rural bourgeoisie (albeit on a petty scale) appears to have been the main justification. However, the cost in terms of production was high, and in any case such a sector could have been simply controlled through the existing fiscal, banking and commercial mechanisms, let alone the eventual application of the Agrarian Reform laws." In The Agrarian Question in Socialist Transitions, 226–29. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203043493-39.

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Conference papers on the topic "Dairy cattle Dairy farms Estrus"

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KOLOSZKO-CHOMENTOWSKA, Zofia, Jan ŽUKOVSKIS, and Audrius GARGASAS. "ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY OF POLISH AND LITHUANIAN AGRICULTURAL HOLDINGS SPECIALIZING IN ANIMAL PRODUCTION*." In Rural Development 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2015.130.

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In the present article, an attempt was made to assess the environmental and economic sustainability of Polish and Lithuanian agricultural holdings specializing in animal production. The analysis covers the farms that participated in the FADN in 2006-2012. Assessment accounted for agroecological indicators (share of cereals in crops, stock density) and economic indicators (profitableness of land and labour). Analysis was conducted according to a classification into agricultural holding types: dairy cattle and granivores. In both countries, average stocking density in dairy holdings did not pose a threat to the natural environment. In the case of granivores holdings, such threats were present because standards specified in the code of good agricultural practice were violated significantly. From the perspective of economic equilibrium, holdings from this group achieved a better result than dairy cattle holdings. In Poland during the years 2006–2012, the average income of a family-owned agricultural holding per full-time worker in the family was 56 % greater than in dairy cattle holdings. In the case of Lithuanian holdings, the difference was still greater and amounted to 73 % to the benefit of granivores holdings.
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Ponomarjova, Olga, Ilga Sematovica, Inga Piginka-Vjaceslavova, and Aida Vanaga. "Cattle (Bos Taurus) endometrium morphology on the seventh day of the estrous cycle." In Research for Rural Development 2020. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/rrd.26.2020.021.

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The aim of our study was to describe the histopathological and cytological characteristic of the cow endometrium on the seventh day of the estrous cycle. In this study, 11 different breeds’ dairy cows (78.18 ± 37.46 months old, in 3.6 ± 2.17 lactation, the mean body condition score 3.4 ± 0.72 (5 points scale)) from Research and Study farm ‘Vecauce’ were selected. All cows were more than 210 days postpartum. Overall health and reproductive tract examination was performed, progesterone (P4) and estradiol (E2) concentration in blood serum were established and the biopsy and cytology samples of endometrium were taken. Mean E2 concentration was 14.92 ± 7.92 pg mL-1, mean P4 concentration was 13.64 ± 9.44 nmol L-1. The mean percentage in the cytology slides was established: epithelial cells 89 ± 9%, polimorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) 6 ± 5%. Cytological subclinical endometritis (SE) was confirmed in 5 cows. Histopathological findings (out of 22 samples): endometrium stromal edema in 14, hemosiderin and hemosiderophages in 8, supranuclear vacuolization in 12, pseudodecidual reaction in 12 samples. No subnuclear vacuolization and mitosis in the glandular epithelium were detected. Histopathological examination did not reveal SE. Morphology between the uterine horns with and without corpus luteum (CL) and between cows with serum P4 level higher than 15 nmol L-1 and lower than 15 nmol L-1 were not statistically different (p>0.05). In conclusion, histopatological examination is more reliable diagnostic method for SE. Future investigation should be performed to establish cut-off values for the diagnosis of SE in cows more than 210 days postpartum.
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Borghesi, Giulia, and Giuseppe Vignali. "Life cycle assessment of organic Parmesan Cheese considering the whole dairy supply chain." In The 5th International Food Operations & Processing Simulation Workshop. CAL-TEK srl, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.46354/i3m.2019.foodops.004.

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Agriculture and food manufacturing have a considerable effect on the environment emissions: holdings and farms play an important role about greenhouse gas emissions and water consumption. This study aims at evaluating the environmental impact of one of the most important Italian DOP product: organic Parmesan Cheese. Environmental performances of the whole dairy supply chain have been assessed according to the life cycle assessment approach (LCA). In this analysis Parmesan Cheese is made from an organic dairy farm in Emilia Romagna, which uses the milk from three different organic livestock productions. Organic agriculture is different from conventional; the major difference is represented by the avoidance of the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides made in chemical industry process. Organic agriculture uses organic fertilizers to encourage the natural fertility of the soil respecting the environment and the agro-system. In this case, life cycle approach is used to assess the carbon footprint and the water footprint of organic Parmesan Cheese considering the milk and cheese production. The object at this level is investigating the environmental impact considering the situation before some improvement changes. The functional unit is represented by 1 kg of organic Parmesan Cheese; inventory data refer to the situation in year 2017 and system boundaries consider the inputs related to the cattle and dairy farm until the ripening (included). The carbon footprint is investigated using IPCC 2013 Global Warming Potential (GWP) 100a method, developed by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, and reported in kg of CO2eq. Otherwise, water footprint allows to measure the water consumption and in this work it is assessed using AWARE method (Available Water REmaining).
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Annamalai, K., N. T. Carlin, H. Oh, G. Gordillo Ariza, B. Lawrence, U. Arcot V., J. M. Sweeten, K. Heflin, and W. L. Harman. "Thermo-Chemical Energy Conversion Using Supplementary Animal Wastes With Coal." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-43386.

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Researchers at Texas A&M University have studied properties of cattle biomass (CB or manure) fuels and their possible utility in combustion systems. Larger, more concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFO) and farms make manure disposal more difficult. At the same time, due to the concentration of the manure, the CAFOs can be a source of a more feasible and reliable CB feedstock for fossil fuel supplementation and emissions reduction technologies. This paper reviews the history of work conducted on animal biomass fuels and current research and experiments undertaken by Texas A&M University (TAMU) System research personnel. Feedlot biomass (FB), dairy biomass (DB), and chicken litter biomass (LB) are considered here. When cofiring with coal under rich conditions, the CB has the potential to reduce NOx and Hg emissions. Reburning coal with CB can be just as effective as and possibly more economical than reburning with conventional fuels like natural gas. In addition to cofiring and reburning, another possible energy conversion method is gasification of cattle biomass with air and air-steam oxidizing agents that can produce synthetic gases which can then be used in a variety of different combustion systems. The economic feasibility of utilizing animal-based biomass on existing coal-fired power plants is greatly dependent on the relative cost of coal, the biomass transportation distance to the combustion facility, and numerous other factors. Even though most of the methodologies and procedures, in this paper, deal with CB, similar schemes can be undertaken for most other animal or solid wastes.
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Reports on the topic "Dairy cattle Dairy farms Estrus"

1

Mason, Rachel Mason. Cattle and the Climate: Why Industrial Production Is Not The Solution To Emissions From Beef And Dairy Farms. Tiny Beam Fund, December 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15868/socialsector.36448.

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