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Wahyuningsih, Indah, Meita Ardya Fahma, and Muhammad Rais Almajid. "Analisis Bahasa Ken Dalam Reality Show “Dairy Sarwendah”." ESTETIK : Jurnal Bahasa Indonesia 3, no. 1 (May 11, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.29240/estetik.v3i1.1471.
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This study aimed to describe Ken language in a reality show "Sarwendah Diary". In sociolinguistic studies, Ken language is included in the variety of languages as a form of various languages used by certain groups of people. This study used a descriptive qualitative research by describing the use of Ken language contained in a reality show. The documentation technique was used for data retrieval by listening, taking notes, and portraying from the realty show video "Sarwendah's Diary". Content analysis technique was used in this study to get the deep meaning of each Ken language used. In addition, the method of triangulation was also applied as to pursue the data validity. Based on the results of the analysis, Ken language was found in some videos entitled (1) Sarwendah Becomes a Scavenger in Medan, (2) the Disguise of Sarwendah and Betrand Peto in Makassar – Sarwendah’s diary, (3) Willingly Lendinga Cell Phone to a Scavenger, This Pecel Seller Gets a Fortune from Sarwendah, (4) Running Out of Costs Sarwendah is Assisted by a Vegetable seller. From the videos, we found several Ken languages that Sarwendah used in her disguise.
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Devi, R. "An Introduction to the Second Veeranaikar Diary." Shanlax International Journal of Tamil Research 4, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 54–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/tamil.v4i4.2413.
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Human life is subject to change over time. In that way, man made a habit of taking note of events in everyday life. This was later called the diary. The forerunner of the diaries is the Greek memorandum known as “Ephemerides”. The diary-writing system developed in the 18th century among Tamils. Anandarangappillai, who was the head of the French government in Puducherry, records the political and social situation in Puducherry in the 18th century. Many have since written a dairy, In that order Rajagopala Nayakar’s son ll Veeranaikar, who played the second lord (Nayinar) post in the French court’s both during the French rule of Puducherry in the late 18th century, wrote a dairy from 1778 to 1792. The introduction of ll Veeranayakar as well as information about Puducherry, history of Veeranaaykar’s dairy, Hints about printer of Veeranaikar’s diary,process of process printing information’s explained in this article.
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Balakrishnan, Melodena Stephens. "Al Ain Dairy: market expansion." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 1, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/20450621111097155.
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Subject area This paper covers marketing strategy, retail management, branding, customer value, and competitive analysis. Study level/applicability The paper is applicable to undergraduate and postgraduate business and management level. Case overview This case spotlights Al Ain Dairy in Dubai, UAE. It focuses on the launch of the new product – “Long Life Juice” in Dubai 2010. Al Ain Diary is the UAE's largest dairy company by market share but now wants to replicate success in both the regional market and the fruit juice market. The case highlights the challenges of increasing production capabilities; product innovation; supply chain management; and brand building in newer markets. Expected learning outcomes This case can be used to teach marketing strategy, retail management, branding, customer value, competitive analysis, and potentially elements relating to international business strategy. Supplementary materials A teaching note is available on request.
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Berta Vanda Sütő, Zsuzsanna Kárnyácki, and Béla Béri. "Effect of vitamin e and selenium supplementation on the antioxidant content of milk and dairy products in dairy cows." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 44 (November 20, 2011): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/44/2598.
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In 2007, the aim of the Ányos Jedlik program and the call for tenders was to support application-oriented, strategic research and development projects, which can increase the competitiveness of the Hungarian economy. In the framework of our project, we intended to examine whether non-protected antioxidants - in this case: vitamin E and selenium – used as feed-additives can increase the antioxidant content of milk. The milk with an increased level of vitamin E and selenium content can be used for producing functional foods which will represent competitive products on the current market of milk products. Our results show that the use of vitamin E and selenium as feedadditives can significantly increase the amount of vitamin E and selenium in the milk and also in the diary products.
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Baschenko, M. I., M. V. Gladiy, Ju F. Melnyk, M. Ja Jefimenko, A. P. Kruhliak, Yu P. Polupan, L. V. Vyshnevskiy, et al. "STATE AND PERSPECTIVES DIVELOPMEN OF DAIRY CATTLE OF THE UKRAINE." Animal Breeding and Genetics 54 (November 29, 2017): 6–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31073/abg.54.01.
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The state of development of dairy cattle breeding in Ukraine for the period of 2011–2016 was analyzed. The trends of livestock changes, volumes of milk production depending on regions, forms of organization, breeder's membership, breeding and breeding work, influence of genetic and paratyphoid factors on indicators of development of the industry are determined.
An analysis of the location of dairy cattle, its concentration, organizational forms of milk production shows significant differences between regions, both in terms of the number of dairy herds and milk production volumes. The largest concentration of cows' livestock in agricultural enterprises is observed in the northern and central regions, in particular, Poltava, Cherkassy, Sumy, Chernihiv, Khmelnytsky oblast.
Large agricultural enterprises are more cost-effective than small ones, but the last ones during 2010–2016 still prevailed in the total number of agricultural enterprises - more than 50%.
The number of cows of diary and diary-meat breeds decreased almost twice (from 5431 thousand in 2000 to 2736,5 thousand in 2010), and in agricultural enterprises and farms – in four times (correspondingly from 2475 to 604.6 thousand goals). Despite the simultaneous growth of 71.6% of the average cow supply (from 2359 kg – 2000 to 4049 kg – 2009), gross milk production, after some growth until 2005, in 2009 decreased by 13.5% comparing to 2001. The same trend in the dynamics of livestock population continued in the next five years. The number of cows of Ukrainian Black-and-White diary breed as of 01.01.2016 in the control herds decreased to 68181 or 11217 heads, Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy – by 8677 and Ukrainian Red diary – by 4110 heads. At this, gross milk production increased from 2216,6 tons in 2010 to 2705,6 tons in 2016. It should be emphasized that the increase in milk production occurred only in agricultural enterprises due to the growth of productivity of cows from 3975 kg in 2010 to 5643 kg in 2016, that is almost twice.
An analysis of the structure of milk production in agricultural enterprises shows the gradual increase in production volumes by large farms, which is a positive trend in terms of milk quality, economic efficiency of its production, and their development as more investment attractive. An important factor in the growth of milk production is the breeding stock of cows. Over the past 5 years, the total number of breeding cows has decreased from 153.6 thousand heads to 128.2 thousand, that is on 12 per cent. The reduction in the number of cows applies to all breeds, but most of it occurred in Red dairy breeds (16.3%).
The milk yield of the cows of breeding herds of new domestic breeds grew in all breeds and made up 6613 kg of milk in Ukrainian Black-and-White diary breed with a fat content of 3.70%, protein 3.27%, Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy breeding, respectively 6357; 3.76; 3.26; Red diary – 5963; 3.87 and 3.29.
An equally important problem in the development of dairy cattle breeding in Ukraine is the low level of reproduction of animals against the background of reducing the number of livestock and increasing its productivity. This is confirmed by the low yield of calves in farms of different categories. So for 2016, according to statistics, he was 70 calves per 100 cows.
One of the factor that reduces the calving out is the natural biological antagonism of milk yield and reproductive capacity of the cows. Growth in milk yield of cows in breeding flocks with an increase in the heredity of the Holstein breed led to a decrease in the yield of calves per 100 cows to 68.7 heads (in 2010).
The duration of productive use has the opposite tendency - in newly created domestic breeds it extends to 3–4 lactations, in Holstein – up to 1.8–2.0 lactation.
The level of heifer cultivation is a major paratypic factor affecting the formation of their productive features. The intensity of breeding heifers and heifers does not fully meet the requirements of the standard domestic breeds for their live weight. From 2019, 33498 heifers in only 45.7% – 71.5% of heads, average live weight in 6 months corresponded to the breed standard, in 12 months – 61.1–82.1 and 18 months old – 63.1–73,9%. In a number of even breeding farms, the average daily gain of heifers at 6–12 months of age, during the formation of the organism, is 550–625 g. As a rule, in such farms they do not reach a high level of milk productivity.
The ways and methods of reforming dairy cattle for the period up to 2025 should be formed on such bases:
- in organizational terms, focusing on the expansion of milk production in large farms, which is positive in terms of the use of modern intensive technologies, the economic efficiency of its production, the attractiveness of investment;
- the revival of the national selection system, which corresponds to the best examples of its organization in European countries;
- domestic dairy breeds must be established as the basis of domestic dairy cattle breeding, which correspond to the conditions of their breeding and quality of products according to a set of features;
- amendments to the Procedure for using the funds provided for in the state budget, directing them to implementation of the breeding program in livestock, approved by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine.
Execution of the proposed measures will allow to achieve the volumes of production of milk and dairy products provided by the Program.
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Gärdebo, Johan, and Daniel Löwenborg. "Smallholding Travel in the Agrarian Revolution: Using a Farmer Diary to Map Spatio-temporal Patterns in Late Nineteenth Century Sweden." International Journal of Humanities and Arts Computing 10, no. 2 (October 2016): 179–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ijhac.2016.0169.
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This article is an exploratory study using a smallholding diary and GIS to project the spatio-temporal pattern of a smallholding's travel in late nineteenth century Sweden. Through time-series of smallholding's daily diary notes, we develop an understanding for how smallholders adjusted to and participated in Swedish government policy, which resulted in the process termed ‘agrarian revolution’. Between 1872–1892, Tomtas Smallholding altered its spatio-temporal patterns from seasonal travels to production according to market demands and along new lines of transportation like railways. While the smallholding also used railways to visit distant places, it was primarily their produce that travelled further unto international markets. This also influenced the smallholding demography, from an extended household towards a nuclear family. As market demands shifted from subsistence to dairy products, the smallholding contracted primarily female farm servants due to their specialisation in milking.
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Muratbayev, D. M., Z. K. Tokayev, and V. Stefanik. "Application of ovariovit to improve diary cows conception rate." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 20, no. 92 (December 10, 2018): 182–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet9238.
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This article presents the results of a study on the efficiency of fertilization by treatment with ovariovit and liarsin. The study was conducted on the facility of “Kamyshinskoe” farm in Shemonaikhinskiy region of Vostochno-Khazakhstanskaya oblast in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Animals of different ages and with the same productivity were selected for the experiment. Treatment of animals was carried out after gynecological clinical examination. The examination of animals was performed by rectal and biophysical methods. The efficiency of homeopathic and hormonal treatments of the dairy cows to increase fertility were studied. The performed study enabled evaluation of various schemes for increasing the fertility of dairy cows. The results of the study showed a higher efficiency with the treatment of homeopathic drugs.
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Takamura, Ai, Yoko Yamazaki, and Mika Omori. "Effects of fat talk on body satisfaction: A study using dairy diary." Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association 81 (September 20, 2017): 2A—032–2A—032. http://dx.doi.org/10.4992/pacjpa.81.0_2a-032.
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Tolerant, Lacrimose N. "Dairy free or free diary – there’s no point crying over spilt milk." Faculty Dental Journal 11, no. 1 (January 2020): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/rcsfdj.2020.40.
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Iradukunda, Favorite. "Feasibility of a Photo-based Food Diary Approach Among African Pregnant Women in the U.S." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (June 2021): 761. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab046_058.
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Abstract Objectives The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of using a photo-based food diary approach among African pregnant women living in the U.S. Methods Photo-based technique. Participants took photos of every meal they ate for seven consecutive days using digital cameras provided during the study. Results A total of 211 photos were collected from eight participants. The response rate was 91% (211/231). Photos had 60 identifiable food items from the five major food groups. The overall distribution was: Fruit (25%), vegetables (13%), dairy (5%), protein (25%), grain, and other starchy foods (31%). Conclusions Participants responded positively to the photo-based diary approach; however, most of them indicated that they would have preferred using their mobile phones. A photo-based diary approach may be a useful strategy for immigrant women to communicate their food intake and preferences with healthcare providers, especially when discussing food that may be unfamiliar to healthcare providers. While individual food intake assessments were not conducted as part of this study, the overall frequency showed a potential low intake of dairy and vegetables for many participants. Future studies should focus on in-depth food intake assessments in order to make specific recommendations. Funding Sources None.
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Sarmah, Heman, Jnanashree Borah, and Tirthankar Sarma. "THE FACTORS AFFECTING MILK YIELD IN DIARY FARMING IN GREATER GUWAHATI REGION OF ASSAM." International Journal of Advanced Research 9, no. 08 (August 31, 2021): 723–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/13321.
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The production of milk is conceived of several factors and a very multifarious process. The knowledge of relative importance of the resource inputs influencing in milk production is essential for the dairy farmer for introducing desirable change in his operation at micro level and for the policy maker for formulating plans for improvements in dairy cattle productivity based on sound economic principles at the macro level (Rao, 1985).The income level of the dairy household is determined by the production of milk they produce at their farms. Generally, the income of the dairy household increases when the milk production cost decreases or when the milk production increases .For this it is essential to study the factors which directly or indirectly effect the milk production. Household samples have been selected both from the municipal wards of Guwahati Municipal Corporation area. Out of 672 dairy farming households, 201 household have been selected for the survey. Regression analysis has been used for the study of factors affecting milk production in greater Guwahati region of Assam.
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Burke, SJ, MJ Gibney, NA O'Dwyer, and SN McCarthy. "The influence of cereal and dairy consumption on the Irish diet: implications for developing food-based dietary guidelines." Public Health Nutrition 8, no. 3 (May 2005): 227–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2004699.
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AbstractObjectivesTo estimate the intakes of cereal and dairy products and their contribution to nutrient intakes in men and women from the Republic of Ireland with a view to formulating food-based dietary guidelines.DesignThe North/South Ireland Food Consumption Survey established a database of habitual food and drink consumption using a 7-day food diary. From this database all cereal and dairy products from recipes and identifiable sources were identified and a new database was generated from which analysis of the role of cereal and dairy products in the diet was carried out.ResultsAlmost 100% of the population consumed cereal and dairy products over the course of the survey week. In general, men consumed significantly more cereal and dairy products than did women (P<0.05). Cereal products made an important contribution to the mean daily intakes of energy (26%), protein (21%), fat (13%), carbohydrate (41%), fibre (45%), iron (43%) and folate (27%). Dairy products also contributed largely to the mean daily intakes of energy (11%), protein (14%), fat (17%), calcium (48%), phosphorus (24%) and vitamin A (27%). Analysis of nutrient intakes across tertiles of cereal and dairy consumption showed that high consumers of wholemeal bread, breakfast cereals, reduced-fat milk and yoghurt had lower fat and higher carbohydrate, fibre and micronutrient intakes than low consumers of these foods.ConclusionsFindings from the present study could be used to develop effective health strategies to implement changes in cereal and dairy consumption that could alter fat, fibre and micronutrient intakes in the diet.
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Stephens Balakrishnan, Melodena. "Al Ain Dairy: managing demand and supply." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 1, no. 4 (October 1, 2011): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/20450621111192807.
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TitleAl Ain Dairy: managing demand and supply.Subject areaMarketing strategy, retail/sales management and logistics.Study level/applicabilityUndergraduate and postgraduate.Case overviewAl Ain Dairy works is in one of the most highly competitive industries in the world – the food industry. In the dairy business, choice, freshness, safety standards, inventory management, supply chain and marketing are key to sustainability. Al Ain Diary explains some key challenges in this industry for managing and planning sales. This case builds on a previous case and can be used to teach marketing strategy, retail management and logistics. The case also gives an idea on the food industry especially the dairy market and some of the challenges associated with it.Expected learning outcomesStudents can try forecasting and planning sales based on seasonal trends. Since the process complexity increases as the number of stock keeping units increase, the case provides a rich context of a company where inventory management is a key to success. Product portfolio management is another subject area of focus in this case. For market expansion, students can look at current organizational and market constraints, organizational competencies (and their transferability), and market synergies and similarities to recommend strategy.Supplementary materialsTeaching notes.
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Suprovych, T. M., M. P. Suprovych, and R. V. Kolinchuk. "CONSEQUENCES OF “HOLSTEINIZATION” OF UKRAINIAN BLACK-PIED DAIRY BREED BY GENE BOLA-DRB3.2." Animal Breeding and Genetics 54 (November 29, 2017): 146–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31073/abg.54.19.
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Introduction. The main direction of increasing the productivity of milk is to increase the proportion of heredity of the Holstein breed in the genotype of cows. Industrial breeds in Ukraine are improving due to the increase in the Holstein inheritance in the genotype of cows. The "holsteinization" of the most widespread domestic Black-and-White diary breed is intensively conducted. Currently, the percentage of heredity from Holstein is 90% or more. The negative effect of "holsteinization" appeared in reducing the resistance of animals to diseases that led to the spread of necrobacterial pathology. The control of the spread of necrobacteriosis can be based on genetic markers. Important markers can be the allele of the BoLA-DRB3.2 gene responsible for the formation of adaptive immunity. Due to the ambiguity of the results of "holsteinization", the following tasks were solved: To study the genetic structure of the herd for the BoLA-DRB3.2 gene at the beginning of the "holsteinization" and now. To compare the detected genetic structures with the alleles spectrum of North American Holstein and identify quantitative and qualitative changes in the structure of the herd genotype. To determine the effect of "holsteinization" on the dynamics of milk production and the state of morbidity by necrobacteriosis. Materials and methods of research. Comparison of alleles of population of the Ukrainian Black-Pied Dairy (UBPD) breed and Holstein breed was conducted to detect the consequences of "holsteinization" on milk yield and incidence of necrobacteriosis. The data of the allelic polymorphism of the BoLA-DRB3.2 gene of the UBPD10 (2010, n = 162), UBPD15 (2015, n = 114) and two Holstein populations of the USA and Canada were collected. The allelic spectrum was determined by the PCR-RFLP method. The amplification of the BoLA-DRB3.2 gene was performed using 2-step PCR with the use of primers HLO-30, HLO-31 and HLO-32 and allele-specific PCR. Restriction analysis was performed with endonuclease RsaI, HaeIII, BstYI (XhoII). Restriction fragments were separated by electrophoresis in 4% agarose gel. Counting of allele frequencies was performed taking into account the number of homozygotes and heterozygotes found for the corresponding alleles. To determine the phylogenetic relationships between the populations of the studied herds, genetic distance and genetic similarity were determined by the M. Nei method. Individual dairy productivity of cows was estimated for all lactation (regardless of its duration). Average milk yields were determined as the total volume of milk produced divided by the number of dairy cows. Results and discussion. The breeding measures carried out led to the accumulation of alleles characteristic of the Holstein breed. For Holstein, there are eight alleles with a frequency of more than 4%. It is alleles *03, *07, *08, *11, *16, *22, *23, *24. A high degree of consolidation of weighty alleles can be outlined. In total they occupy 84,6% of allele spectrum of the population. Consolidation of such alleles in the herd of the Ukrainian Black-and-White diary breed is much lower - only 52.2%, although it increased by 6.2% over 5 years. Alleles *10, *13 and *28 are "weighty" for the Ukrainian Black-and-White diary breed, but they are almost non-existent in Holsteins. The genetic similarity of the herd UBPD15 and Holstein increased by ΔI = 0,085, and the genetic distance between the herds of the UBPD increased by ΔD = 0,085 for 5 years. The comparison of the allele spectrum of Holstein and the Ukrainian Black-and-White diary breed shows both the accumulation and the elimination of alleles associated with high productivity. The largest consolidation is typical for alleles *24 (+ 6.75%) and *16 (+ 4.65%). The frequency of "milk" alleles *22 and *08 decreased, respectively, by 4.14 and 1.27%. Alleys, which cause low milk productivity, have the following dynamics: * 23 + 2.53%, *11 – 0.67 and *28 – 0.26. The accumulation of alleles *16 and *23 (7.18%) was found that are associated with predisposition to necrobacteriosis and elimination of *03 and *22 alleles (4.75%) that influence on this disease. Conclusions. It is determined that the role of alleles characteristic for Holstein is increasing in the the Ukrainian Black-and-White diary herd. Breeding measures for holsteinization are conducted in the right direction. There is accumulation of alleles associated with high milk productivity and predisposition to necrobacteriosis. It positively affects the growth of milk production and negatively affects the incidence of necrobacteriosis.
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Marchenko, Tatiana. "A miracle in a dairy shop: On a typology of an “emigrant” novel." Literary Fact, no. 16 (2020): 337–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/2541-8297-2020-16-337-359.
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Alja Rachmanowa (real name Galina Dyuryagina-Hoyer) is a Russian writer with a European success in 1930s. Her books were published in German translation made by her husband Arnulf Hoyer, and still remain obscure in Russia. The phenomenon is rather fascinating from the point of view of typology of émigré prose. A novel “Milchfrau in Ottakring” (1933) of the prolific author of three dozen books was extremely popular, not only it remains relevant, but looks very modern as an “emigrant” novel of special type. In a diary form based on a personal experience, the writer sets out a story of success. A qualified philologist, Alja Rachmanowa (her literary pseudonym is usually referred to) was forced to become for a couple of years a saleswoman in a rented dairy shop. This experience of a “foreigner”, her national and sociocultural identity, adaptation, and ultimately successful integration are reflected in the diary autobiographical novel. The Russian component of the book in German whose author / heroine balances between the spheres of “own” and “stranger,” has driven a success of the “Milchfrau in Ottakring”. Russian realities, Russian mentality, nostalgie for the native country permeating the narration, especially attracted the readership. One of the important markers of “Russianness” is a citation of Russian literature, not in the form of a mere quotation, but as a rethinking, re-interpretation, a dispute with the classics. The article deals with some examples of such citing (F.M. Dostoevsky, A.V. Koltsov, A.N. Pleshcheev, Z.N. Gippius). A fragment of the novel in Russian translation is given in Annex
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Domańska, Teresa. "Wybrane elementy polityki kredytu handlowego a wielkość spółdzielni mleczarskich." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, no. 110 (July 15, 2015): 179–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/eiogz.2015.110.28.
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The paper presents the results of research referring to dependency between the size of dairy cooperatives and certain aspects of trade credit policy. The study involved 60 dairy cooperatives which had prepared and announced financial report in section B of the Cooperative Supervision in 2010. The research sample was divided into quartiles in order of the increasing value of total assets. The value of total assets of the dairy cooperatives had an impact on the elements of trade credit policy. The managers of smaller dairy cooperatives took the position of a trade loan recipient in order to obtain additional sources for financing current operations. At the same time the managers of large and extra large diary cooperatives took the position of a trade loan recipient more willingly when the extension of the period of receivables collection was offered to them. This situation indicates that the managers of the largest dairy cooperatives use more liberal policy of trade credit than the supervisors of smaller dairy cooperatives.
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Brunvoll, Sonja H., Inger Thune, Gro F. Bertheussen, Frøydis Fjeldheim, Vidar G. Flote, Hanne Frydenberg, Steinar Lundgren, et al. "Dietary changes in early-stage breast cancer patients from pre-surgery and over the 12 months post-surgery." British Journal of Nutrition 125, no. 2 (August 19, 2020): 172–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114520002627.
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AbstractThe time after a breast cancer diagnosis is a potential period for making positive dietary changes, but previous results are conflicting. The main aim of the present study was to study breast cancer patients’ dietary changes during the 12 months post-surgery and from 12 months pre-surgery to 12 months post-surgery with repeated administration of a 7-d pre-coded food diary and an FFQ, respectively. Women (n 506), mean age 55·3 years diagnosed with invasive breast cancer (stages I and II), were included. The dietary intake was quite stable over time, but the intake was lower for energy (0·3 and 0·4 MJ/d), alcohol (1·9 and 1·5 g/d) and vegetables (17 and 22 g/d) at 6 months than 3 weeks post-surgery (food diary) and at 12 months post-surgery than pre-surgery (FFQ), respectively. Furthermore, energy percentage (E%) from carbohydrates increased between 0·8 and 1·2 E% and E% from fat decreased between 0·6 and 0·8 E% over time, measured by both dietary assessment methods. We observed a higher intake of dairy products (11 g/d) at 6 months post-surgery (food diary), and a lower intake of dairy products (34 g/d) and red and processed meat (7·2 g/d) at 12 months post-surgery (FFQ). Moreover, 24 % of the patients claimed they made dietary changes, but mostly they did not change their diet differently compared with those patients who claimed no changes. In conclusion, breast cancer patients reported only minor dietary changes from 12 months pre-surgery and during the 12 months post-surgery.
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Lazare, Farrah B., Donald A. Brand, Melissa J. Fazzari, Asif Noor, and Fredric Daum. "Maternal Dairy Consumption and Hematochezia in Exclusively Breastfed Infants." Journal of Human Lactation 36, no. 1 (April 23, 2019): 168–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0890334419838476.
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Background: When an exclusively breastfed infant develops hematochezia, the pediatrician may recommend elimination of dairy and soy products from a mother’s diet, but there is limited scientific evidence to indicate that altering the maternal diet will lead to resolution of the problem. Research aim: To estimate the likelihood that maternal dairy and soy avoidance will resolve rectal bleeding in an exclusively breastfed infant. Methods: This was a prospective, longitudinal, one-group pre/post study involving mothers of exclusively breastfed infants at least 2 weeks but less than 6 months of age with a positive stool guaiac test in the absence of an intestinal lesion or other explanation for the blood. Participants agreed to follow a dairy and soy elimination/rechallenge protocol, maintain a food diary, and have their infant re-tested at 3-week intervals to determine the outcome of the dietary changes. One participant was lost to follow-up, leaving a final sample size of N = 19. Results: All infants continued to test positive for blood in the stool after their mothers eliminated foods containing dairy or soy. Therefore, 0% (0/19) of infants responded to their mother’s restricted diet, 95% confidence interval (one-sided [0%, 15%]). Conclusion: Given these results, we must call into question the rationale for advising breastfeeding mothers to eliminate dairy and soy from their diet in response to their infant’s unexplained rectal bleeding.
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Rantlo, Ashby Montoeli, Molulela Tsoako, and Brian Muroyiwa. "Institutional Factors Influencing Diary Farmers Participation in Formal and Informal Milk Markets in Maseru Urban, Lesotho, South Africa." Journal of Agricultural Extension 24, no. 2 (May 10, 2020): 48–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jae.v24i2.6.
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The study assessed institutional factors influencing participation in milk markets in Maseru urban. Thirty (30) diary farmers were selected using structured questionnaires. Data were analysed using percentage and logit regression model. Results showed that dairy farmers (60%) used formal market channels more than informal market channels (40%). Market information (0.083), membership in organization and collective action (0.088), government support (0.036) and contractual agreements (0.034) influence participation in formal markets while social capital (0.036), path dependency (0.043), delayed payments (0.084) and distance to milk collection centres (0.054) influence participation in the informal markets. Advance payments should be introduced; institutional support system developed as well as the decentralisation of the milk collection centers or points.
Keywords: Market participation, institutional factors, milk markets, dairy farmers
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Assad, M. A., P. Rowlinson, and S. Marsden. "The influence of source of starch in concentrates on the performance of dairy cows." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1995 (March 1995): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600027732.
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The study was conducted to examine the response of dairy cows to changes in sources of dietary starch and to investigate whether ‘root’ starch sources are comparable to cereal starch sources in terms of the performance of lactating dairy cows.Thirty multiparous British Friesian/Holstein lactating diary cows, in a randomised block experiment, were allocated to one of five dietary treatments containing different proportions (1.00:0.00, 0.75:0.25, 0.50:0.50, 0.25:0.75 and 0.00:1.00), respectively, of two dairy concentrates (C or R) which were formulated to the same crude protein (180 g/Kg), ME (11.5 MJ/Kg FM) and starch (300 g/Kg) levels but differing only in the principal sources of starch. Barley and wheat were the principal sources of starch in the ‘cereal’ starch source concentrate (concentrate ‘C’) whilst cassava was the main ingredient in the ‘ root ’ starch source concentrate (concentrate ‘ R ’). All cows were offered the concentrate diet on a flat rate (10 Kg FM/day) with grass silage fed to appetite.
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Negasee, Kassahun A. "Clinical Metritis and Endometritis in Diary Cattle: A Review." Veterinary Medicine – Open Journal 5, no. 2 (November 5, 2020): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17140/vmoj-5-149.
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Reproduction is one of the key pillars of production in many herds and individual animals. In female animals, reproduction can be affected by uterine diseases including metritis and endometritis. The objective of this review is to understand metritis and endometritis, diagnosis and treatment approaches, and the economic impact of uterine inflammations. Metritis is inflammation of the wall of the uterus, whereas endometritis is inflammation of the functional lining of the uterus, called the endometrium. Clinically, they are characterized by an enlarged uterus containing a watery red-brown fluid to viscous off-white purulent uterine discharge, which often has a fetid odor within 10 to 14-days after postpartum period in clinical metritis whereas clinical endometritis can also be observed its clinical signs after 21-days postpartum period. The risk factors for the occurrence of clinical metritis and endometritis include extrinsic factors include calving season and nutrition whereas intrinsic factors include retained fetal membrane (RFM), dystocia, metabolic disturbance, negative energy balance (NEB) and other non-specific diseases. These factors disturbing the normal physiology and weaken the immune system of dairy cattle. The factors favor the multiplication of pathogenic bacteria and cause inflammation of the uterus and results in metritis and endometritis. This result in increased conception interval increase the number of inseminations, loss of milk and meat production, marked drop in fertility and increase the cost of treatment. Clinical metritis and endometritis can be diagnosed by clinical symptoms and cytological examinations. Clinical metritis and endometritis can be treated by anti-inflammatory drugs flunixin meglumine, antibiotics (pens-trip and long-acting oxytetracycline), intrauterine infusion by using saline or iodine tincture solutions. Clinical metritis and endometritis are the most frequent uterine disorders in dairy cows causing decreased fertility leading to high economic losses. Therefore, management of these production diseases can be achieved by early diagnosis and treatment, supplementation of balanced feed containing minerals, vitamins, appropriate proteins and carbohydrates, good quality management during and after calving of the female animals.
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Fowler, Emily, and Benoit St-Pierre. "PSIX-16 Investigating the development of the fecal microbiome in growing diary calves." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_4 (November 3, 2020): 423–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa278.737.
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Abstract Development of the gut microbiome in young animals is critical for maximizing productivity in adults through beneficial functional contributions of symbiotic microbial communities to the health and nutrition of their host. To gain further insight into this process, development of the fecal microbiome in 12 dairy calves was investigated. Fecal bacterial composition was determined at four time points (weeks 0, 4, 8 and 12) using the 16S rRNA gene through PCR-amplification of the V1-V3 regions from fecal microbial genomic DNA, followed by Illumina MiSeq 2X300 sequencing. A comparative analysis of the most highly represented Operational Taxonomic Units (OTU) using the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis sum-rank test and Wilcoxon pairwise test identified both known and uncharacterized fecal bacterial species whose abundance fluctuated during development of the calves. Four highly represented OTUs were found to have a peak of abundance at week 0, which was followed by significantly lower abundance at later time points (P < 0.05). Notably, OTU JA_ 89-27339, peaked at week 0 (39.3% ± 3.6%), then declined at later time points with respective means of 2.3%, 0.1% and 0.05%. Seven other OTUs were found to peak at an intermediate time point (P < 0.05), including OTU JA_46-21334 which was found in highest abundance at week 4 (4.5% ± 1.2%) compared to means with a range of 0.001% to 0.01% for the other time points. In contrast, another set of well represented OTUs were found to increase in abundance with time, which included OTU JA_84-17601 whose abundance was highest at week 12 (1.4% ± 0.3%) (P < 0.05). These results are indicative of microbial succession in the gastrointestinal tract of dairy calves and highlight candidate bacterial species whose function could be manipulated towards improving the health and productivity of growing dairy calves.
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Swan, Pamela D., Diane L. Spitler, Sue Whiddon, Blanche W. Evans, and Martha Fulton Wells. "Assessment of Lifetime Patterns of Dairy Food Intake and Physical Activity." Nutrition and Health 11, no. 4 (April 1997): 255–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026010609701100405.
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Patterns of nutrition and exercise throughout the life span may account for differences in health problems of aging. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a simple life span history questionnaire of dairy food intake and to assess recalled levels of leisure time physical activity over the life span. Volunteers, 98 women and 49 men, completed two nutritional surveys (Criterion Questionnaire, {CRIQ} and Diary Food Index, {INDX}) and a physical activity questionnaire (P-ACTQ) in a test re-test design. The INDX and P-ACTQ consisted of a one to four scale (low to high intake). Dairy food intake averaged 1.4 to 2.3 servings per day with no significant differences in current dairy food intake between decade age categories. When compared to their own recalled 20's decade, dairy food intake declined slightly with age, except for the 80–89 age group which showed an increased intake. Test retest reliability for the INDX was r = 0.64. Validity of the INDX compared to the CRIQ was r = 0.64. All groups showed a decrease in physical activity levels across the life span. The Dairy Food Index holds promise as a simple “global” assessment of dairy food intake for the study of lifetime trends in advancing our understanding of the role of lifetime habits in chronic “lifestyle” diseases.
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Burke, SJ, SN McCarthy, NA O'Dwyer, and MJ Gibney. "Analysis of the temporal intake of cereal and dairy products in Irish adults: implications for developing food-based dietary guidelines." Public Health Nutrition 8, no. 3 (May 2005): 238–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2004698.
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AbstractObjectivesTo analyse the temporal distribution of the intake of cereal and dairy products in the Republic of Ireland.DesignThe North/South Ireland Food Consumption Survey established a database of habitual food and drink consumption using a 7-day food diary. The database also recorded the time and day of food consumption. Mean intakes of cereal and dairy products were calculated for time of the day and day of the week.ResultsAt the weekend, the percentage of consumers decreased for nearly all cereal and dairy products. White bread, total cereals, full-fat milk and total dairy intakes were significantly lower at the weekend (P<0.01) compared with weekdays. Intakes of cereal and dairy products over time of the day showed clear mealtime or snacking patterns when the number of consumers was controlled for. White bread, wholemeal bread, total cereals, full-fat milk, reduced-fat milk and total dairy intakes showed mealtime peaks for morning, afternoon and evening. When examined by tertile of intake, tertile of percentage energy from fat and tertile of fibre intake, intakes of cereal and dairy products over time of the day and day of the week were similar to trends described above, regardless of the tertile.ConclusionsTemporal analysis of the intakes of cereal and dairy products did not reveal any unusual trends in this population. However, the significant methodological issues raised in this paper will be of benefit to other aspects of research in this area.
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Acharya, Sushma. "Impacts Of Buddhism in Nepalese Dairy Co-Operatives On Economic Development." Research Nepal Journal of Development Studies 3, no. 1 (June 25, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/rnjds.v3i1.29647.
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With the kindness, getting milk from animals by natural process with love and care with virtues such as right view, right thought, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness and right concentration could not be misdeed. Buddhists believe that nothing is fixed or permanent. The movement of time and lifestyles for upgrading the production value, People detector improve in sectors, the co-operative concept emerged and is taken as the universal instrument of creating economic miracles by living, thinking and working together to accomplish common goal through cooperative principles. Later on, it gives a huge contribution to global economy. The main theme of the study is how Buddhism and dairy co-operatives eradicates negative consequences from livelihood and plays a vital role on economic development. How it creates right livelihood from a philosophy of noble eightfold path. Buddhists Economics as a new dimension of economic development is developing through dairy cooperatives in Nepal. Objectively, the study is to identify the impacts of dairy cooperatives to economic development of Nepal from Buddhists’ perspective. Methodologically the study is a descriptive qualitative analysis from different secondary information depending upon the reviews of different literature. In conclusion the study found the status of Nepalese dairy cooperatives to generate the opportunities and income determinants to uplift national economy. Buddhism has not any significant impacts on Nepalese diary cooperatives.
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Li, Jia, Pei Wu, Feilong Kang, Lina Zhang, and Chuanzhong Xuan. "Study on the Detection of Dairy Cows’ Self-Protective Behaviors Based on Vision Analysis." Advances in Multimedia 2018 (October 10, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9106836.
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The study of the self-protective behaviors of dairy cows suffering dipteral insect infestation is important for evaluating the breeding environment and cows’ selective breeding. The current practices for measuring diary cows’ self-protective behaviors are mostly by human observation, which is not only tedious but also inefficient and inaccurate. In this paper, we develop an automatic monitoring system based on video analysis. First, an improved optical flow tracking algorithm based on Shi-Tomasi corner detection is presented. By combining the morphological features of head, leg, and tail movements, this method effectively reduces the number of Shi-Tomasi points, eliminates interference from background movement, reduces the computational complexity of the algorithm, and improves detection accuracy. The detection algorithm is used to calculate the number of tail, leg, and head movements by using an artificial neural network. The accuracy range of the tail and head reached [0.88, 1] and the recall rate was [0.87, 1]. The method proposed in this paper which provides objective measurements can help researchers to more effectively analyze dairy cows’ self-protective behaviors and the living environment in the process of dairy cow breeding and management.
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Turan, M., A. Ates, and B. Inanc. "Fouling of reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes by diary industry effluents." Water Science and Technology 45, no. 12 (June 1, 2002): 355–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2002.0446.
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Fouling experiments of nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) are reported for treatment of the effluent of chemical-biological treatment plant and the original effluent of dairy industry respectively. In the experiments, a thin film composite type of spiral wound was used and fitted with flowmeters and pressure sensors. The feed water was stored into a feed tank and passed a fine filter and was pumped to membrane. Brine and permeate were recirculated back to the feed tank. Membrane fouling was investigated with 16 and 30% water recovery of a single membrane at different pressures and flowrates for RO and NF membranes respectively. Fouling is evaluated with a relationship between relative flux (J/Jo) which is the ratio of the flux at any time during the fouling test to the initial flux and relative resistance (Rf/Rm) which is the ratio of fouling (cake) layer resistance to clean membrane resistance. Turbidity, conductivity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS) and total hardness were measured in the feed and permeate side of each membrane. The effluent total hardness concentrations of chemical-biological treatment plant were found greater than the influents. The results are presented in terms of the relative flux as a function of time related to hydrodynamic conditions and pollution characteristics of wastewater. The permeate water flux of RO membrane decreases more rapidly than NF membrane. the relative flux decreases with increasing the fouling layer resistance, Rf onto membrane surface. 50% the drop of permeate flux was observed for RO and NF membranes after 50 h and 80 h of operation, respectively. The fouling rate increases with an increase in the concentration of the wastewater constituents in the dairy industry. The relative flux decreased 10 and 20% with increasing chemical oxygen demand (COD) from 5,000 mgl−1 to 10,000 mgl−1 and from 45 mgl−1 to 450 mgl−1 for RO and NF membranes, respectively after 45 h of time. Fouling of membranes resulted in 100% increase of specific energy consumption as the relative permeate fluxes of NF and RO membranes decreased 30 and 40% respectively. The average of specific energy consumption was obtained at 6 and 10 kWhm−3; consequently, operational costs were estimated at U.S. $0.45 m−3 and U.S. $0.75 m−3 for NF and RO units respectively. Also, operational cost for chemical-biological treatment was found at U.S. $0.30 m−3.
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Bassil, Maya, Marya Hanna, and Joanna Nawfal. "Maternal Adherence to a Dairy-free Mediterranean Diet and Symptoms of Colic and Allergy in Exclusively Breastfed Infants: A Randomized-Controlled Study." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 939. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa054_011.
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Abstract Objectives Colic and allergy symptoms are problems encountered in the exclusively-breastfed newborn and are thought to be triggered by inflammatory responses in the gut. Maternal diet, especially cow's milk intake, has been associated with infantile colic and allergies, but no study examined the effect of Mediterranean diet. Thus, this study aims to investigate whether maternal adherence to a dairy-free Mediterranean diet, known for is anti-inflammatory properties, reduces colic and allergy symptoms in exclusively-breastfed infants. Methods Exclusively breastfeeding healthy primiparous women were recruited during their pregnancy third trimester and were randomly assigned to receive an education on dairy-free Mediterranean diet or no education (control group). Mother-infant pairs were followed up for 2 months postpartum and adherence to the diet was confirmed through 24 hour recalls. Data on infant fussing & crying using validated “Daily Crying Diary” (Barr, et al., 1988) and allergy symptoms using validated CDC's “Breastfeeding and Infant Feeding Practices postnatal questionnaire” (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2017) were collected on weeks 2, 4 and 7 postpartum. Infant stool samples were also collected to test for blood, pH, and eosinophil cationic protein as estimates of the degree of inflammation in the gut. Results Preliminary data from 10 mother-infant pairs showed that there was no group differences in the weights of the mothers and infants and number of allergy symptoms throughout the study. Colic (defined by the “Wessel Criteria” as crying episodes that last for >3 hours per day, for ≥3 days per week and for ≥3 weeks) was not observed in any infant. Findings from “Daily Crying Diaries” revealed that maternal adherence to dairy-free Mediterranean diet was associated with significantly lower average daily crying compared to controls (0.28 vs. 1.10 hours/d) in infants. Results on infant stool blood, pH, and eosinophil cationic protein are still pending. Conclusions Maternal adherence to a dairy-free Mediterranean diet did not affect allergy symptoms but decreased fussing and crying in exclusively breastfed infants. Mechanisms of action still remain to be determined. Funding Sources Lebanese American University.
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Rowlinson, P., S. P. Marsh, C. Tufnell, and W. Taylor. "The Influence of a dietary supplement of a dried yeast culture on milk yield and composition in dairy cows on grass silage." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1996 (March 1996): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600030452.
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There is considerable interest in the effect of dietary supplementation with probiotics or yeast cultures on diary cow performance. Yeast cultures such as Diamond V 'XP' are produced by growing selected yeast strains on a semi-solid medium under stressed conditions, which are then dried. Yeast cultures are now used by a majority of the high yielding herds in North America (McCullough 1995). The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of feeding 'XP' Yeast to a moderate-high yielding (X, 6800kg) herd of dairy cows fed a typical UK diet based on grass silage.72 recently calved Holstein-Friesian dairy cows were allocated to one of two dietary treatments on which they remained throughout 150 days of winter feeding. Both groups received ad libitum grass silage which had a Dry Matter of 224 g/Kg, an estimated ME of 10.8 MJ/Kg DM and a Crude Protein (CP) of 156 g/Kg DM.
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Zujovic, Miroslav, Zorica Tomic, M. P. Petrovic, Dragana Ruzic-Muslic, and LJ Stojanovic. "Quality of milk from Serbian white goat in first lactation." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 22, no. 5-6 (2006): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah0606063z.
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Goat milk is biologically highly valuable protein food intended for nutrition of offspring and as raw material for preparation of different dairy products. Therefore, in our opinion, it was justified from zoo technical, genetical and economical aspect to direct our attention towards Serbian white diary goat and study basic traits of this breed. Based on our previous investigations of traits of Domestic white goat we have established that this was a domestic population of expressed hereditary milk traits and good quality of milk. This lead to more detailed study of the quality of milk obtained from the genotype called Serbian white goat in first lactation, created based on Domestic white goat, especially since there is great interest in breeding of this specific genotype on the territory of Serbia and also abroad. Based on performed investigations and established results it can be concluded that Serbian white goat belongs to the dairy goat type and is our best goat population. Regarding the quality of analyzed milk, in general it is of medium quality, however, the percentage of fat, proteins and lactose is very high, which is very important for dairy industry and further processing of milk into high quality goat cheeses which appear on our markets in very small quantities. Processing of goat milk into high quality cheese types is now performed in small number of mini dairy plants.
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Markovic, B., M. Markovic, and L. Rmus. "Status of milk production sector in Montenegro." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 27, no. 3 (2011): 387–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah1103387m.
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Quantitative and qualitative parameters of the milk production sector in Montenegro, addressing both production and processing have been evaluated. In Montenegro, livestock production is focused on cattle, sheep and goats and to lower extent pig and poultry. Montenegro dairy sector characterized by small-scale farming. Milk production based on about 26270 farms with average herd size of 2.9 cows and milk yield 2700 kg/cow has a very different structure to that in the EU-27. The small-scale structure of Montenegrin milk production results in the sector operating with a number of inefficiencies at the production level. Regarding processing diary industry there have been the positive changes: new dairies were established, collection area is enlarged, range of products is also widened. Maybe the most promising change is cheese production and its presence in many markets. Total self-sufficiency rate of milk and dairy products is at a level of about 60%. The remaining needs are imported, which is around 30 million euros. In order to strengthen production and market position of domestic dairy products and to further develop dairy sector, as very specific and sensitive one, the efforts should be focused on remove weak points and to make stronger the whole value chain. In addition to the domestic support schemes, pre-accession EU support (IPARD) should target investments in primary production of milk and processing sector.
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Goli, Alireza, Ehsan Moeini, Ahmad M. Shafiee, Mohammad Zamani, and Elham Touti. "Application of Improved Artificial Intelligence with Runner-Root Meta-Heuristic Algorithm for Dairy Products Industry: A Case Study." International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools 29, no. 05 (August 2020): 2050008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218213020500086.
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As the dairy products have a short consumption period, the accurate prediction of their demand is very important for the dairy industry. Accordingly, this research specifically addresses the prediction of dairy product demand (DPD). The main contribution of this research is to provide an integrated framework based on statistical tests, time-series prediction and artificial intelligence with the runner-root algorithm (RRA) as a novel meta-heuristic algorithm to obtain the best prediction of DPD in Iran. First, a series of economic and social indicators that seemed to be effective in the demand for dairy products are identified and the ineffective indices are eliminated. Next, the artificial intelligence tools including MLP, ANFIS, and LSTM are implemented and improved with the help of RRA. The designed hybrid methods are implemented by using data from 2013 to 2017 of the Iran diary industry. This novel algorithm is compared to gray wolf optimization, invasive weed optimization, and particle swarm optimization. The results show that the proposed MLP-RRA has the most ability to improve by using meta-heuristic algorithms. The coefficient of determination is 98.19%. Moreover, in each artificial intelligence tools, RRA causes better results than the other tested algorithms. The highly accurate results confirm that the proposed hybrid methods based on the RRA algorithm are able to improve the prediction of demand for various products.
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van Egmond, Lieve, Xiao Tan, Per Sjögren, Tommy Cederholm, and Christian Benedict. "Association between Healthy Dietary Patterns and Self-Reported Sleep Disturbances in Older Men: The ULSAM Study." Nutrients 11, no. 5 (May 8, 2019): 1029. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11051029.
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To date, little is known about how dietary patterns may link to measures of sleep quality in older subjects, who often suffer from sleep problems. Here, we investigated, in an older male population from Sweden (n = 970; aged 71 ± 1 year), whether adherence to the Healthy Diet Indicator (HDI; based on recommendations from the World Health Organization) or the Mediterranean Diet (MD) is linked to sleep disturbances. The diet scores were calculated using a seven-day food diary, and self-reported sleep initiation or maintenance problems were assessed by questionnaires. When adjusted for potential confounders, no associations between dietary scores and sleep parameters were found. In contrast, low consumption of milk and dairy products —one of the dietary features of the MD —was associated with better subjective sleep initiation. This association was, however, not found in men with adequate reports of daily energy intake (~54% of the cohort). To summarize, our findings do not suggest that older men can mitigate perceived difficulties to fall and stay asleep by adhering to either the HDI or MD. Whether low consumption of milk and dairy products can facilitate sleep initiation must be confirmed in future studies by utilizing objective measures of sleep such as polysomnography. Finally, when investigating associations between dietary patterns and sleep, particular attention should be paid to the potential confounder of inadequate reporting of energy intake.
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Bingham, Sheila A., Ailsa A. Welch, Alison McTaggart, Angela A. Mulligan, Shirley A. Runswick, Robert Luben, Suzy Oakes, Kay Tee Khaw, Nicholas Wareham, and Nicholas E. Day. "Nutritional methods in the European Prospective Investigation of Cancer in Norfolk." Public Health Nutrition 4, no. 3 (June 2001): 847–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2000102.
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AbstractObjective:To describe methods and dietary habits of a large population cohort.Design:Prospective assessment of diet using diet diaries and food-frequency questionnaires, and biomarkers of diet in 24-h urine collections and blood samples.Setting:Free living individuals aged 45 to 75 years living in Norfolk, UK.Subjects:Food and nutrient intake from a food-frequency questionnaire on 23 003 men and women, and from a 7-day diet diary from 2117 men and women. Nitrogen, sodium and potassium excretion was obtained from single 24-h urine samples from 300 individuals in the EPIC cohort. Plasma vitamin C was measured for 20 846 men and women.Results:The food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and the food diary were able to determine differences in foods and nutrients between the sexes and were reliable as judged by repeated administrations of each method. Plasma vitamin C was significantly higher in women than men. There were significant (P<0.001) differences in mean intake of all nutrients measured by the two different methods in women but less so in men. The questionnaire overestimated dairy products and vegetables in both men and women when compared with intakes derived from the diary, but underestimated cereal and meat intake in men. There were some consistent trends with age in food and nutrient intakes assessed by both methods, particularly in men. Correlation coefficients between dietary intake assessed from the diary and excretion of nitrogen and potassium in a single 24-h urine sample ranged from 0.36 to 0.47. Those comparing urine excretion and intake assessed from the FFQ were 0.09 to 0.26. The correlations between plasma vitamin C and dietary intake from the first FFQ, 24-h recall or diary were 0.28, 0.35 and 0.40.Conclusions:EPIC Norfolk is one of the largest epidemiological studies of nutrition in the UK and the largest on which plasma vitamin C has been obtained. Methods for obtaining food and nutrient intake are described in detail. The results shown here for food and nutrient intakes can be compared with results from other population studies utilising different methods of assessing dietary intake. The utility of different methods used in different settings within the main EPIC cohort is described. The FFQ is to be used particularly in pooled analyses of risk from diet in relation to cancer incidence within the larger European EPIC study, where measurement error is more likely to be overcome by large dietary heterogeneity on an international basis. Findings in the UK, where dietary variation between individuals is smaller and hence the need to use a more accurate individual method greater, will be derived from the 7-day diary information on a nested case–control basis. 24-h recalls can be used in the event that diary information should not be forthcoming from some eventual cases. Combinations of results utilising all dietary methods and biomarkers may also be possible.
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Popovic-Vranjes, Anka, Milka Popovic, and Marija Jevtic. "Raw milk consumption and health." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 143, no. 1-2 (2015): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh1502087p.
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Contrary to the safe practices of milk pasteurization or sterilization, which effectively reduce foodborne outbreaks incidence associated with raw milk and dairy products use, outbreaks caused by such products continue to occur. Despite this fact, a worldwide movement advocating for the rights of raw milk and cheese selling and consumption, due to their specific nutritive characteristics, has strengthened significantly in recent years. Traditional agricultural manufacturers from Serbia still sell products related to thermally unprocessed milk, such as cottage cheese and raw cream. In AP Vojvodina during the period of 1981-2010 a total of 179 foodborne outbreaks were reported, where the incriminated cause of the outbreak were milk or diary. In 126 (70.39%) outbreaks, totaling 2276 sick individuals and one casualty, it was confirmed that the incriminated food was from the group of dairy products. In 48 instances (26.82%), bacteriological tests confirmed that milk and dairy products were excluded as the outbreak causes, while in another 5 (2.79%) outbreaks, microbiological analysis of food failed to confirm any relation to the actual epidemiological instances. In some cases, bacteriological testing of incriminated foods was not possible. In the cases of outbreaks associated with the consumption of milk and dairy products, traditional raw milk products were cited as being used. Consumption of unpasteurized milk and cheese represents public health threat. National and international rules ensuring use of safe products for human consumption have to set rules of trade of thermally processed milk and products on the market.
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Дьячковский, Федор Николаевич, Наталья Иннокентьевна Попова, Алена Робертовна Тазранова, Светлана Менкеновна Трофимова, and Наталья Николаевна Широбокова. "COMPARATIVE STUDY OF FOOD VOCABULARY (DAIRY) IN TURKIC LANGUAGES OF SIBERIA." Tomsk Journal of Linguistics and Anthropology, no. 1(31) (June 29, 2021): 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.23951/2307-6119-2021-1-9-20.
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Общеизвестно, что среди специальных лексических номинаций ведущее место принадлежит так называемым народным терминам, которые рассматриваются как слова или словосочетания, служащие средством номинации понятий той или иной сферы профессиональной деятельности. В статье на основе традиционной системы питания тюркских народов Сибири проводится сравнительно-исторический, этимологический, сопоставительный анализ наименований молочных продуктов питания, являющихся неизменным и важным элементом материальной культуры народов, издавна населяющих обширные пространства Сибири. Выявлено, что диалектная лексика все ещё оказывает заметное влияние на литературные языки алтайцев, тувинцев, хакасов, якутов, о чём свидетельствует пополнение их лексики народными терминами традиционной материальной культуры из различных источников, особенно из текстов фольклорных, эпических произведений, изданных местными носителями говоров тюркских языков Сибири. Названия молочных продуктов в тюркских языках Сибири не едины по своему происхождению. В них, наряду с тюркскими корнями, наличествует значительное количество монгольских, тунгусо-маньчжурских элементов. В названиях молочной пищи наблюдается лексика, возникшая в результате формирования и развития диалектов. Данная группа слов в рассматриваемых языках отражает их исторические контакты как с родственными, так и неродственными народами. It is well known that among special lexical nominations dominate so called folk terms referred to as words or word combinations instrumental for nominating ideas of a certain professional field. Based on the traditional diet of Turkic peoples of Siberia, we conduct a comparative-historical, etymological, contrastive analysis of dairy names which are a crucial element of the material culture of peoples inhabiting vast taiga areas of Siberia and Russian Far East. It has been found that dialect vocabulary still has a notable impact on literary languages of the Altai, the Tuva, the Khakass, and the Yakut as evidenced by the fact that folk terms of traditional material culture enter their vocabulary, especially those from folklore, epic texts published by speakers of local dialects of Siberian languages. Diary names are not uniform in terms of their origin. They show a significant number of Mongolic, Tungusic, and Chinese elements along with Turkic roots. Dairy names include vocabulary resulting from formation and development of dialects. The given group of words in Turkic languages of Siberia reflects historical contacts with both related and non-related peoples.
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Jenő Szigeti and László Varga. "Production of novel fermented milks." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 49 (November 13, 2012): 303–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/49/2548.
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The objective of this research was to test the influence of various natural substances on acid production, growth, and viability of characteristic microorganisms in yogurt and probiotic fermented dairy foods. Oligofructose, inulin, honey, and the dried biomass of Spirulina (Arthrospira) platensis were found to stimulate the growth rate and acid production activity of the major thermophilic diary cultures tested and, in addition to this, the presence of the aforementioned substrates also improved the survival of starter bacteria in fermented milk products during storage. The reduced production time of cultured milks resulted in increased production efficiency. The stimulatory and/or protective effect of oligofructose,inulin, honey, and Spirulina on Bifidobacterium spp. is probably the most important finding of this study because bifidobacteria do not grow well in milk and they have low survival rates in conventional fermented milks. Some of the bioactive substances tested were also capable of exerting an antifungal effect on spoilage yeasts and molds, and improving the nutritional and sensory properties of the final product, thus providing a new opportunity for manufacture of functional fermented dairy foods.
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Pyzłowska, Beata. "Ernsta Jüngera obraz wojny." Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis | Studia Historicolitteraria 15 (December 12, 2017): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/3924.
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War described by Ernst Jünger World War I (1914–1918) was one of two wars in Europe which Germany sought. One of the participants of the war was a German soldier and writer Ernst Jünger, who described his experiences in Storm of Steel (In Stahlgewittern). His diaries are a valuable source of knowledge of the Great War. Sincere confessions of a German soldier who during the war was promoted through the ranks is also a story of a daily life on the front of both Jünger and the subordinates of the German Emperor – Wilhelm II. The diary holds a special place among books about war due to their origins – written by a German fluent in French and passionate about French literature and culture. Jünger’s dairy was translated into Polish by a soldier Janusz Gaładyk and given the title Książe piechoty. Through such a title, Gaładyk paid his respects to the German comrade. The book has a didactic character because it shows the multidimensionality of the atmosphere in the German army.Key words: France; Germany; nationalism; patriotism; I World War;
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Pimpin, Laura, Susan A. Jebb, Laura Johnson, Clare Llewellyn, and Gina L. Ambrosini. "Sources and pattern of protein intake and risk of overweight or obesity in young UK twins." British Journal of Nutrition 120, no. 7 (August 22, 2018): 820–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114518002052.
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AbstractHigh protein intake in young children is associated with excess gains in weight and body fat, but the specific role of different protein sources has yet to be described. The study aimed to investigate the role of different types of protein in the post-weaning stage on weight, BMI and overweight/obesity at 60 months. Intakes of animal, dairy and plant protein and a dietary pattern characterising variation in protein types at 21 months of age were estimated using a 3-d diet diary in a cohort of 2154 twins; weight and height were recorded every 3 months from birth to 60 months. Longitudinal mixed-effect models investigated the associations between sources of protein intake or dietary pattern scores and BMI, weight and overweight/obesity from 21 months up to 60 months. Adjusting for confounders, dairy protein intake at 21 months was positively associated with greater weight (46 (95 % CI 21, 71) g and BMI up to 60 months (0·04 (95 % CI 0·004, 0·070) kg/m2) and the odds of overweight/obesity at 3 years (OR 1·12; 95 % CI 1·00, 1·24). Milk showed associations of similar magnitude. A dietary pattern low in dairy protein and high in plant protein was associated with lower weight gain up to 60 months, but not overweight/obesity. Intake of dairy products in early childhood is most strongly associated with weight gain, compared with other protein sources. A dietary pattern characterised by lower protein intake and greater protein source diversity at 2 years may confer a lower risk of excess weight gain.
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Rorie, R. W., C. F. Rosenkrans, and A. J. Aishman. "20EFFECTS OF BOVINE SOMATOTROPIN TREATMENT ON AI PREGNANCY RATE IN DAIRY HEIFERS." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 16, no. 2 (2004): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv16n1ab20.
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Treatment of superovulated cows with bovine somatotropin (bST) at the time of insemination has been reported to decrease the number of unfertilized oocytes, while increasing the development rate and morphological quality of embryos (Thatcher WW et al., 2001 Theriogenology 55, 75–89). These findings suggest that bST treatment might be used to improve pregnancy rates in inseminated cattle. The objective of this study was to further investigate the effects of bST (Posilac; Monsanto Co., St. Louis, MO, USA) treatment at or after insemination on subsequent pregnancy rate in diary heifers. Crossbred dairy heifers (n=73) between 14 to 15 months of age and averaging 331±3.6kg, were used for the study. Estrus was induced by a single or repeated (at 14-day intervals) injections of 25mg of PGF2α. Heifers were observed at least twice daily and artificially inseminated about 12h after detection of estrus. At estrus, heifers were randomly assigned across treatments. Treatments were bST (Posilac) injection (500mg, s.c.) at the time of insemination (Day 0), on Day 14, or both at insemination and on Day 14. Untreated animals served as controls. On Day 45 after estrus, ultrasonography was used to determine pregnancy status and measure fetal-crown rump length. Chi-square analysis was used to evaluate the effect of treatment on pregnancy rate. Analysis of variance was used to compare fetal crown-rump length among treatments. Results are presented in the table below. Treatment of heifers with bST at insemination had no effect (P=0.306) on pregnancy rate when compared with the control group. However, bST treatment on Day 14, or on both Days 0 and 14, reduced (P=0.009)pregnancy rate, when compared with the control and Day 0 bST treatment groups. Pregnancy rate was similar (P=0.729) for heifers receiving bST on Day 14v. Days 0 and 14. Fetal growth, as measured by crown-rump length, was unaffected by treatment (P=0.603). Results indicate the timing of bST treatment after the onset of estrus can influence the subsequent pregnancy rate in dairy heifers.
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Santos, César Correia, Gercílio Alves de Almeida Júnior, and Marcos Aurélio Lopes. "Dairy activity in family farming in Minas Gerais, Brazil: production costs and cost-effectiveness analysis." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 39, no. 3 (May 4, 2018): 1255. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2018v39n3p1255.
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The aim of this study is to analyze and compare the cost-effectiveness of three family dairy farms, located in the municipality of Limeira do Oeste, MG, Brazil, as well as to identify the break-even points and the factors that most influenced the final costs, and their impacts on each property. The analyzed data comprised the period from May 2015 to May 2016 and were collected using forms developed by EMATER-MG (Technical Assistance and Rural Extension Company of the State of Minas Gerais) and MDA (Ministry of Agrarian Development). Gross and net margins as well as results (profit or loss) were considered as cost-effectiveness indices. It was realized that the dairy activity in the properties studied exhibited low efficiency in the use of inputs, implying idle productive capacity, an increase in the proportion of fixed costs in the composition of total costs, and low productivity per animal per unit area. Therefore, diary activity was highly dependent on the sale of animals in order to afford and present positive results. Among the components of the effective operating cost, feeding is the most representative (averaging 63.09%), in the three studied properties, being the tax rates considered as fixed (9.41%) and miscellaneous expenses (9.49%) also expressive. The properties showed high fixed costs and break-even points; in one property, these could not be determined as the unit variable cost was higher than the average selling price in the market. In the economic analysis, the three systems showed positive net margins and results, indicative of production viability in the long term.
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IJmker-Hemink, Vera, Nicky Moolhuijzen, Geert Wanten, and Manon van den Berg. "High Frequency Protein-Rich Meal Service to Promote Protein Distribution to Stimulate Muscle Function in Preoperative Patients." Nutrients 13, no. 4 (April 8, 2021): 1232. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13041232.
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Apart from meeting daily protein requirements, an even distribution of protein consumption is proposed instrumental to optimizing protein muscle synthesis and preserving muscle mass. We assessed whether a high frequency protein-rich meal service for three weeks contributes to an even daily protein distribution and a higher muscle function in pre-operative patients. This study was a post-hoc analysis of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) in 102 patients. The intervention comprised six protein-rich dishes per day. Daily protein distribution was evaluated by a three-day food diary and muscle function by handgrip strength before and after the intervention. Protein intake was significantly higher in the intervention group at the in-between meals in the morning (7 ± 2 grams (g) vs. 2 ± 3 g, p < 0.05) and afternoon (8 ± 3 g vs. 2 ± 3 g, p < 0.05). Participants who consumed 20 g protein for at least two meals had a significantly higher handgrip strength compared to participants who did not. A high frequency protein-rich meal service is an effective strategy to optimize an even protein distribution across meals throughout the day. Home-delivered meal services can be optimized by offering more protein-rich options such as dairy or protein supplementation at breakfast, lunch and prior to sleep for a better protein distribution.
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Gunnarsdottir, Ingibjorg, Anita G. Gustavsdottir, Laufey Steingrimsdottir, Amund Maage, Ari J. Johannesson, and Inga Thorsdottir. "Iodine status of pregnant women in a population changing from high to lower fish and milk consumption." Public Health Nutrition 16, no. 2 (May 22, 2012): 325–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980012001358.
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AbstractObjectivesPregnancy is one of the most critical periods for iodine deficiency. The aim of the present study was to assess the iodine status and dietary intake of pregnant women in a population changing from high to lower consumption of milk and fish.DesignCross-sectional observational study. Urine samples were collected for measuring urinary iodine concentration (UIC) and creatinine, and blood samples for measuring serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Frequency of consumption of selected food and beverages was obtained through a semi-quantitative validated FFQ. The difference in the distribution of UIC, ratio of iodine to creatinine (I:Cr) and TSH between groups following recommendations on fish and dairy product intake or not (fish ≥2 times/week as a main meal, diary products ≥2 portions/d) was assessed.SettingPrimary Health Care of the Capital Area, Reykjavik, Iceland.SubjectsRandomly selected pregnant women (19–43 years old,n162).ResultsThe median UIC was 180 μg/l, I:Cr 173 μg/g and TSH 1·5 mmol/l. Women who did not consume fish ≥2 times/week and also did not consume dairy products in line with the recommended intake level of ≥2 portions/d had median UIC of 160 μg/l (I:Cr 149 μg/g) compared with 220 μg/l (I:Cr 190 μg/g) in the group following both the recommendations for fish and those for dairy products. Use of dietary supplements in the two groups was similar.ConclusionsIodine status in the population studied was within the optimal range (150–249 μg/d) defined by the WHO.
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Eberhardt, María Florencia, José Matías Irazoqui, and Ariel Fernando Amadio. "β-Galactosidases from a Sequence-Based Metagenome: Cloning, Expression, Purification and Characterization." Microorganisms 9, no. 1 (December 28, 2020): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9010055.
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Stabilization ponds are a common treatment technology for wastewater generated by dairy industries. Large proportions of cheese whey are thrown into these ponds, creating an environmental problem because of the large volume produced and the high biological and chemical oxygen demands. Due to its composition, mainly lactose and proteins, it can be considered as a raw material for value-added products, through physicochemical or enzymatic treatments. β-Galactosidases (EC 3.2.1.23) are lactose modifying enzymes that can transform lactose in free monomers, glucose and galactose, or galactooligosacharides. Here, the identification of novel genes encoding β-galactosidases, identified via whole-genome shotgun sequencing of the metagenome of dairy industries stabilization ponds is reported. The genes were selected based on the conservation of catalytic domains, comparing against the CAZy database, and focusing on families with β-galactosidases activity (GH1, GH2 and GH42). A total of 394 candidate genes were found, all belonging to bacterial species. From these candidates, 12 were selected to be cloned and expressed. A total of six enzymes were expressed, and five cleaved efficiently ortho-nitrophenyl-β-galactoside and lactose. The activity levels of one of these novel β-galactosidase was higher than other enzymes reported from functional metagenomics screening and higher than the only enzyme reported from sequence-based metagenomics. A group of novel mesophilic β-galactosidases from diary stabilization ponds’ metagenomes was successfully identified, cloned and expressed. These novel enzymes provide alternatives for the production of value-added products from dairy industries’ by-products.
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Sharan, M., and S. Shalovylo. "Subsidiary methods of pregnancy diagnosis in diary cattle – alternative for the future." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 20, no. 89 (November 11, 2018): 108–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet8920.
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Early pregnancy diagnosis in cows is one of the key elements of effective reproduction management of this species. Still imperfect effectiveness of procedures performed motivates veterinarians for further exploration of new techniques for the diagnosis of pregnancy and their new application. The following article aims to give existing laboratory methods and possibilities for their use in the diagnosis of pregnancy before the 3rd day of insemination. In particular, substances that can be identified as soon as possible after insemination are presented: early pregnancy factor (EPF), progesterone (P4), estrogen sulfate and pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAG). A detailed description of these substances and their role in the formation and maintenance of celibacy in cows are given. The possibility of using laboratory methods in modern milk reproduction protocols is shown. From the perspective of modern literature sources, the most effective laboratory methods for diagnosing pregnancy in dairy farming today are the definition of an early pregnancy factor (EPF) and pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAG). Description of the methods available on the market and a new compilation (protocols) above techniques may be of interest for veterinarian involved in cattle reproduction. Despite the rapid development and the presence of more and more effective ultrasound devices, a practical veterinarian should not forget about the existence of indirect methods of diagnosis of pregnancy, which in large herds can significantly improve the economic conditions for the management of reproduction of cows in the future.
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DODSON, KATHRYN, and JEFFREY LEJEUNE. "Escherichia coli O157:H7, Campylobacter jejuni, and Salmonella Prevalence in Cull Dairy Cows Marketed in Northeastern Ohio." Journal of Food Protection 68, no. 5 (May 1, 2005): 927–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-68.5.927.
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Preharvest management factors are predicted to impact the prevalence of foodborne pathogens in cattle sent to slaughter. We simultaneously examined the prevalence and antibiotic resistance patterns of Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella, and Escherichia coli O157:H7 isolated from cull dairy cattle at two livestock auctions in northeastern Ohio. Between April and September 2002, a total of 1,026 fecal samples were collected. C. jejuni was isolated from 48 of 686 (7%) fecal samples, Salmonella was isolated from 39 of 585 (6.7%) samples, and E. coli O157:H7 was isolated from 21 of 1,026 (2.1%) samples. Of the 585 samples tested for all three pathogens, at least one pathogen was identified in 86 of 585 (15%) samples. One sample was positive for both E. coli O157:H7 and C. jejuni, and five samples yielded both C. jejuni and Salmonella. Size of herd of origin could be traced for 75 to 85% of samples collected. Salmonella was isolated at higher frequencies from herds larger than 60 cattle than from smaller herds (9.0 versus 3.5%, P = 0.02). In contrast, size of herd of origin did not significantly affect the E. coli O157:H7 and C. jejuni prevalence. Approximately 90% of Salmonella and E. coli O157:H7 isolates were pansensitive to a panel of 16 antibiotics. Thirty-six percent of C. jejuni isolates were resistant to tetracycline. In this study, antibiotic resistance among the foodborne pathogens isolated from cull diary cattle was rare. Although size of dairy herd of origin was positively associated with Salmonella prevalence, herd size was not strongly associated with E. coli O157:H7 and C. jejuni prevalence in market dairy cattle. These results can be used to assess the food safety risks associated with the slaughter of cull dairy cattle.
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Keady, T. W. J., C. S. Mayne, and D. A. Fitzpatrick. "The effects of concentrate energy source on milk composition of lactating dairy cattle offered grass silage." BSAP Occasional Publication 25 (2000): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s146398150004070x.
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AbstractTwo partially balanced change-over design experiments were undertaken to examine the effects of concentrate energy source on milk yield and composition of lactating diary cows offered a diverse range of grass silages. A total of nine silages differing in fermentation digestibility and intake characteristics were produced in experiments 1 and 2. Silage dry matter (DM) concentration ranged from 170 to 473 g/kg, ammonia nitrogen ranged from 58 to 356 g/kg nitrogen, digestible organic matter in the DM ranged from 551 to 724 g/kg and silage DM intake potential ranged from 57 to 103.8 g/kg w0.75 respectively. In experiment 1, 5 concentrates were formulated to contain similar concentrations of crude protein (CP), effective rumen degradable protein (ERDP), metabolizable energy (ME) and digestible undegradable protein (DUP) while three concentrates were formulated in experiment 2 to contain similar concentrations of CP, ME and DUP. The concentrates were prepared using barley, wheat, sugar beet pulp and citrus pulp as energy sources and formulated to achieve a wide range of starch concentrations. Starch concentrations ranged from 50 to 384 g/kg DM and 22 to 273 g/kg DM in experiments 1 and 2 respectively. There were no concentrate energy source by silage type interactions for silage intake, milk yield and composition. It is concluded that increasing starch intake resulted in positive and negative linear relationships for milk protein (P<0.001, R2 = 0.96) and fat (P<0.001, R2 = 0.85) concentrations respectively. Concentrate energy source had no effect on silage DM intake or milk yield.
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van Egmond, L. T., X. Tan, and C. Benedict. "0411 Association Between Healthy Dietary Patterns and Self-Reported Sleep Disturbances in Older Men." Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (April 2020): A157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.408.
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Abstract Introduction Ageing is often accompanied by an increased prevalence of sleep problems. Healthy lifestyle choices, including diet, are especially important to mitigate such impairments. To date, little is known about how dietary patterns may link to measures of sleep quality in older subjects. Therefore, we investigated in a Swedish older male population, whether adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MD) or the Healthy Diet Indicator (HDI; based on recommendations from the World Health Organization) is linked to a decrease in sleep disturbances. Methods We studied 970 men (age: 71 ± 1yr) from the ULSAM dataset. Sleep initiation or maintenance problems were evaluated by self-reporting questionnaires. Dietary intake was recorded with a pre-coded seven-day food diary. To calculate the adherence scores, intake of dietary components was assessed. Traditional MD components included fat quality, vegetables, fruits, cereals, fish, meat, dairy, and alcohol. The HDI components included saturated-, polyunsaturated fatty acids, proteins, carbohydrates, sucrose, fiber, fruits and vegetables, cholesterol, and fish. Reasonable dietary reporting was calculated to identify possible under- or over-reporters. Results When adjusted for potential confounders, no associations between dietary scores and sleep parameters were found. In contrast, low consumption of dairy products —one of the dietary features of the MD —was associated with better subjective sleep initiation. This association was, however, not found in men with adequate reports of daily energy intake (~54% of the cohort). Conclusion Our findings do not suggest that older men can mitigate perceived sleep problems by adhering to the MD or HDI. Whether low consumption of dairy products can facilitate sleep initiation must be confirmed in future studies by utilizing objective measures of sleep, such as polysomnography. Finally, when investigating associations between dietary patterns and sleep, particular attention should be paid to the potential confounder of inadequate reporting of energy intake. Support This research was funded by Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF14OC0009349), Swedish Brain Foundation, Swedish Research Council (2015-03100), Åke Wiberg Foundation (M17-0088), Fredrik and Ingrid Thuring Foundation (2017-00313) and the Swedish Medical Research Society.
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O’Connor, Laura M., Marleen A. H. Lentjes, Robert N. Luben, Kay-Tee Khaw, Nicholas J. Wareham, and Nita G. Forouhi. "Dietary dairy product intake and incident type 2 diabetes: a prospective study using dietary data from a 7-day food diary." Diabetologia 57, no. 5 (February 8, 2014): 909–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00125-014-3176-1.
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Douer, Nir, Meirav Redlich, and Joachim Meyer. "Operator Responsibility for Outcomes: A Demonstration of the ResQu Model." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 64, no. 1 (December 2020): 278–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181320641065.
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In systems with advanced automation, human responsibility for outcomes becomes equivocal. We developed the Responsibility Quantification (ResQu) model to compute a measure of operator responsibility (Douer & Meyer, 2020) and compared it to observed and subjective levels of responsibility (Douer & Meyer, 2019). We used the model to calculate operators’ objective responsibility in a common fault event in the control room in a dairy factory. We compared the results to the subjective assessments made by different functions in the diary. The capabilities of the automation greatly exceeded those of the human, and the operator should comply with the indications of the automation. Thus, the objective causal human responsibility is 0. Outside observers, such as managers, assigned much higher responsibility to the operator, possibly holding operators responsible for adverse outcomes in situations in which they rightly trusted the automation.