Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Dakar (Sénégal) – 20e siècle'
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DANFAKHA, PAPA WALY. "Equipement public et aménagement de la ville de Dakar : 1930-1957." Paris 7, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA070053.
Full textThe thing is, between 1930 and 1957 to evaluate the quantity of public buildings realized in dakar by the colonial authorities. To this point of view the definition 0f public equipment goes widely beyond the investment notion measured to the amount of issued extra-payments. Here the public equipment is understood as the number of infrastructural (roads, buildings) and economical realizations (i. E harbour) undertaken by the public authorities. These works include altogether the buildings and the important operations of conversion and development. The aim is to measure the public buildings impact on the town but also to the population growth within a colonial setting. On the whole the town growth will have been profitable to minorities : europeans, african elite against the population mass
Thioub, Ibrahima. "Entreprises, entrepreneurs et Etat dans une économie dépendante : domination étrangère et marginalisation des autochtones (Dakar-Sénégal), 1930-1973." Paris 7, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA070054.
Full textThe 1930's great economic depression gave a new turn to the economic exploitation of the french west african colonies. The firms ofdakar involved in trading economy passed through the slump by appealing to a salutary state intervention. Until the second world war, the reforms envisaged by the political authorities did not challenge the domination of the trading firms from bordeaux and marseilles, of the colonial trade multinational firms and of the colonial banks relayed by the levantine immigrants'big colony. After th second world war, the colonial exploitation was financed by public funds through the f. I. D. E. S. And thec. C. F. O. M. The firms of dakar took advantage of this new trend that led to a thickening of the urban industrial network. From 1957 to 1973, the senegalese independent state carried on this political strategy based on the import substitution industrialization. This policy had resulted in an economic deadlock and a financial and technological dependence, which harshly hampered the second-class native firms. The foreign domination, the meddling of state bureaucracy in the business of private firms, the proliferation of an informal sector born from the impoverishment of the countryside, all this hindered the rise of an economically efficient national bourgeoisie
Lessault, David. "Périurbanisation et recompositions socio-spatiales à Dakar : évolution des stratégies résidentielles d'un système métropolitain ouest africain." Orléans, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ORLE1063.
Full textDakar, metropolitan system west african, recently knows new logical settlement, mainly endogenous, and underlain by phenomena of demographic redistribution. This dynamics leads in particular to the acceleration of urban creation in periphery, according to a process of periurbanisation. In the context, this analysis of the residential trajectories and access modes to the housing of the inhabitants allowed the reconstitution of the strategies which chair the installation in periurban medium, the households expressing in their choices of residence a report/ratio chosen with the society. The socio-space configurations which emerge of these practices brought to propose a transverse reading of metropolitan recombining in progress
Sow, Mamadou. "L'agglomération dakaroise au tournant du siècle : vers une réinvention de la ville africaine ?" Thesis, Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100101/document.
Full textThe Senegalese metropolis changed face: it sprawls while "verticalizing". This double geometrical movement which comes along with a phenomenon of densification of the housing environment took place in a very short time. The horizontal city henceforth gave up the place to the vertical city. Actually, the society is transformed and the metropolis reinvents: a " city transition " came true at the level of the heads of household and gives all its vigour to a process of individualization which the domestic space, through the distribution and the architectural forms, allows to emphasize, at the same time the international migrants become major actors of the urban factory; the change in power, in 2000, in favour of the liberals marks the advent of a State investor, who, by projects of large-scale infrastructures financed thanks to the model of the public-private partnership, is redeploying the metropolis in a new spatial envelope; a decade earlier, the complete decentralization and the application of the market prices lauded by the institutions of Bretton Woods redefined on one hand the architecture of the urban management and the stakes bound to the local power, and on the other hand advocate less state intervention on the land and real estate markets and push to a new way of city making. All this makes that this reinvention takes the features of a “refondation”. But the challenges are there: the rents as the prices of land and real estate are constantly in sharp increase in a more and more discriminating market, the power cuts weigh on the economy and the households, and local management is disputed. In brief, the Senegalese capital, more than fifth of the national population and about 60 % of the GDP, concentrates as well hopes as risks. Implicitly, through the example of Dakar, it is the contemporary urbanization of Africa in the era of the globalization that is questioned
Guèye, Moustapha. "Le commerce régional du Sénégal (1900-1997)." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010572.
Full textDiallo, El Hadji Samba Amadou. "La transmission des statuts et des pouvoirs dans la tijaniyya sénégalaise : le cas de la famille Sy de Tivaouane." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0123.
Full textThis work attempts to establish a certain symetry between two large brotherhoods : the Muridiyya and the Tijaniyya. The latter is the least studied by scholars of West African Islam. The Sy family of Tivouane is at the heart of Senegalese Tijaniyya. I examine the connection between the Tijaniyya of El Hadji Malick Sy with the North African zawaya in order to show the rehabilitation of the brotherhood following its diffusion by marabouts of Tivouane. The Sy family monopolized the cultural heritage of the Tijamiyya through its creation of Koranic schools and religious associations but more importantly in the creation of the General Khalife for the Tijaniyya, which has been chosen within the Sy family since 1922
Diarra, Eloi. "Décentralisation et vie politique dans les communes mixtes du Sénégal de 1904 à 1960." Bordeaux 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR1D305.
Full textIn senegal, the mixed communes were presented by colonial administration as a decentralization institution which had to promote the economic and social development of some urban centers by an onn communal budget. In fact, many social and economic realizations can be observed, but something which was not in the project arised : a democratic development of that cities institutions and a political awakening that drove to independance
Seck, Abdourahmane. "La question musulmane au Sénégal : entre fin 80 et milieu 2000." Aix-Marseille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX10045.
Full textMbaye, Khoudia. "Impact de l'agro-industrie sur le développement de la ville de Richard-Toll (Nord du Sénégal)." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010533.
Full textGrandhomme, Hélène. "La France et l'islam au Sénégal : La République face à une double altérité : le colonisé et le musulman (1936-1962)." Nantes, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NANT3009.
Full textDiedhiou, Alassane. "Les Obstacles aux progrès de la presse écrite dans le Sénégal contemporain : 1974-1986." Paris 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA02T074.
Full textGueye, Ndeye Sokhna. "Poteries et peuplements de la moyenne vallée du fleuve Sénégal du 16e au 20e siècle : approches ethnoarchéologique, archéologique et ethnohistorique." Paris 10, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA100051.
Full textLoum, Fatou Dame. "Analyse des politiques publiques sportives au Sénégal de 1960 à 1998 : approche socio-politique de l'évaluation." Strasbourg 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STR20041.
Full textWe first review the underdevelopment related demographic, school, sanitary, economical and social problems that plague senegal, and expose the conditions of emergence of sport in this former french colony of western africa. We then demonstrate that public authorities have endowed the country with juridical, economical, technical and human structures and defined action programs in the name of sport public politics. Modern sport was introduced in senegal by the settles. The study of its structuring reveals that it has been organized according to the french model. Such a transposition gave birth to a very ambitious project, albeit very distant from the social, cultural, economical and religious realities of the country. Analysis of the sport public politics between 1960 and 1998 underscores the inefficiency of the juridical framework of these politics. Laws, decrees, and orders do not suffice to develop and promote sport. By themselves, they do not enable one to consider sport as a factor of crystallization of a national identity feeling. Using a sociopolitical approach and thanks to the concepts of social trajectory, habitus, and capital, the present research yielded both an objective and a subjective evaluations of the sport politics by articulating two theoretical models. On the basis of a sequential analysis, jone's model of politics analysis enabled the objective evaluation, revealing the impact of the 1960-1998 sport politics in terms of a accomplishments, human resources, equipment, and their variations according to the territories and sport's groups. Bourdieu's modeling of socail confirmed the plurality of judgements of social actors, and showed that judgements are function of social properties, belonging spaces and situational properties
Diokh, Isidore. "Recherches sur l'évolution de l'enseignement privé catholique au Sénégal au XIXème et au XXème siècle : 1819-1990." Bordeaux 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR30072.
Full textNdiaye, Jean-Luc. "Une activité dynamique au sein d'un système complexe : rôle et place de la transformation artisanale dans le "système pêche maritime" au Sénégal : étude de géographie économique." Montpellier 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON30070.
Full textSmall-scale fish processing remains a part of the fishing system in senegal which is relativaly unknow. However, this activity plays an important part within the system : in the past, it enabled some traditionnal communities to specialized in marine activities ; nowadays, it still plays an important role in the development of the fishery and in the valorization of sea products. The activity provides a regular income to a large number of men and women all along the coast, as well as to traders who sell the products in senegal and aboard. Finally, dried and smoked fishes are basic food for both rural and urban populations for whom they are one of the cheapest source of animal protein
Jézéquel, Jean-Hervé. "Les "mangeurs de craies" : socio-histoire d'une catégorie lettrée à l'époque coloniale : les instituteurs diplômés de l'école normale William-Ponty (c.1900-c.1960)." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0080.
Full textThis research deals with the problematic emergence of the educated elite in French speaking West Africa. It focus on the teachers graduated from the William-Ponty school (Senegal) between 1903 and 1947. This thesis develops a prosopography of the 2,200 students and a micro history based on interviews conducted in West Africa. Its “constructivist approach” explores the dynamics and the tensions that come with the emergence of a new social group during the colonial period. The first part introduces a social History of schooling in West Africa. It explains the diversity and the heterogeneity of the “Pontins”. The second part articulates a sociology of the colonial domination with an History of the “dominated” tactics of evasion. The last part is a contribution to the political History of Decolonization. It describes the complex ways by which the Pontins constitutes the core of the new political elite in West Africa
Ndiaye, Ahmeth. "La santé au Sénégal entre médecine curative et médecine préventive : 1895-1945." Montpellier 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON30042.
Full textHaving defined the subjects and his objectives, the author exposes the debuts of the sanitary action over a period going from 1895 till 1914, by presenting the environment and the people, as well as the search for a medical policy by France. The reorientations of the medical policy: the remedial medicine and the medicine of mass (1914-1934) constitutes the second part of this work clarifying the colonial boom and the first results. The development of the health service: 1935-1945, concerning the News deal and the activity of the health service constitutes the conclusion of this work
Diouf-Keïta, Anta. "Création romanesque et mutations sociales au Sénégal : 1973-1983." Paris 12, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA120030.
Full textThe senegalese novel, written in the french language, came into being during the colonial era and, to a great extent, is conditioned by this context. The writings of the first generation of novels (1920-1930) which were largely influenced by the assimilationist ideas, have proven to closely adhere to that movement. "force bonte" by bakary diallo can be considered as its prototype. During the second world war, the anti-colonialist movements in certain countries of africa and asia, the negro renaissance proclaimed in the cultural movements, contributed to the birth of a second generation of writers towards the 1950's. This generation was able to assert itself by breaking away from the colonial mystification and by a militant style of writing the leader of this movement is ousmane sembene. The evolution of the historical context in 1960 was to instill a new dynamism in creative writing. Along with a thematic still based on "negritude", a new thematic developed, oriented to political and social criticism, since the promesses of independance soon vanished like a mirage. This change in perspective is accompanied by a "mutation of realism". While ousmane sembene pursues the tradition of "social rea
Repussard, Clément. "Le service public de l'eau potable en milieu rural au Sénégal : l’exemple de la Communauté rurale de Moudéry." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10070/document.
Full textThis research aims to analyse the service of drinking water in rural Senegal, from the example of four villages in the rural community of Moudéry. This research was conducted alongside with an operational work in a development program conducted by the French NGO GRET.The issue of the daily service is situated in the long history. The conditions of production and operation of the service are made in relation to the process of state building and changes in village societies, but also to the succession of international programs of access to drinking water.The first section establishes the inventory of social science research on the public water in West Africa. The second chapter describes the history of the Senegalese public policy of water in rural areas since the beginning of the twentieth century. The third chapter then analyzes the diversity of coexisting water services at local level. Then in the fourth chapter, the fragmentation patterns of service delivery of public water is described. The fifth chapter describes this fragmentation at the village level, from four village case studies, which trace the evolution of drinking water systems since the 1980s and the enbodiement of management service in the village social structures . The final chapter focuses on the articulation of different social spaces and water policies. The different scales of citizenship defining rights and duties brought into play by the water service are proved complementary, although the canonical definition of public service does not match what is observed in the field. The role of government in particular are more similar to a brokerage in institutionalized mechanisms for allocation of development projects than the regulation of the service or project management of technical infrastructure
Mbodj, Hamady Hamidou. "L'organisation de la justice pénale en Afrique occidentale française : le cas du Sénégal de 1887 à l'aube des indépendances (1887-1960)." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR0012/document.
Full textThe period going from 1887 to the independences (1960) allows us to approach the question of the justice in French West Africa by highlighting the transformation of rules and the exercise of the justice, as well as the meeting between the Western system and the local legal pluralism. In Senegal as in the other territories of the French West Africa, the legal and judicial evolution reveals the opposition between two trends: that of the assimilation and that of the adaptation. Within the framework of this confrontation, jurisdictions that are unknown in the mainland France are created in the colonies in order to remedy with the lack of staff and with the financial means of the jurisdictions. For these same reasons the collegiality remains very rare and the justice is often organized around only one judge who is in charge of the pursuit, the investigation and the judgement. The organisation of the native penal justice set up in 1903, practically meets with the will of keeping the native institutions. However, the desire of assimilation leads to achieve around it reforms which tend to weaken the native institutions
Daff, Amadou Talla. "Des Toucouleurs originaires de la vallée du fleuve Sénégal dans la région parisienne depuis la fin de la Seconde Guerre Mondiale." Paris 13, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA131018.
Full textKane, Mouhamadou Fadil. "Articulation de l'éducation coranique et de l'économie sociale et solidaire au Sénégal." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAG037.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to analyze the impact of Koranic schools or "daaras" in the social and solidary economy development in Senegal. It examines the problematic of the adaptability of their outgoing in the professional community and the current educational policies of Senegal. Our research focused essentially on the relationships of the economic dynamics and the offered formation to the youth in a dual educative system (French and Koranic schools). This is a meticulous study combined with the effective taking into account of socio-economic and socio-educational reality and the local needs
Diallo, Mouhamadou Lamine. "Activités extractives et dynamiques territoriales au Sénégal : étude comparative entre l'or et le phosphate." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010632.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the economic, social, environmental changes sparked by extractive factories in their home territories at Senegal. Our hypothesis assumes that neoliberal reforms noted in the mining sector in Africa since the 1980s tend to favor the constrcution of extractive enclaves that maintain weak ties with the economy at the local level. Yet, the mining projects arouse expectations of development of local residents. Indeed, the inclusion methods of mining are characterized on the one hand, by irreversible impacts on the environment and on the people (the expropriation of local ressources polution, population displacement). On the other hand, the iimpacts induced by mining resulting in various forms of collective and individual compensation from the mining companies. To analyse these contradictory impacts of extractive activities we chose a comparative approach based on two exploitations of different types (gold and phosphate) and located in different areas (west and south-east), opposed by deep economic, social and demographic inequalities. The analysis of local changes related to the exploitation of gold and phosphate is based on field date collected through qualitative surveys conducted in the villages affected by mining activities and key concepts (local arena, mining frontier, mining enclave, Archipelago) This thesis is thus structured into three parts. The first part describes the development challenges associated with extractive companies in the area of investigation. The second focuses on the local implications of mining activities in terms of competition for the appropriation of resources. The third part deals with the power relationships between the various stakeholders in the mining sector at the local level in the decentralization context. The results of this analysis could promote better management of the effects of mining enhance consultation frameworks on mining sites
Roussy, Caroline. "La construction de la frontière sénégalo-gambienne : territoires, territorialités, identités (1850-1989)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010693/document.
Full textAbsurd", "artificial", "arbitrary" are the most commonly used adjectives to (dis)qualify the border between Senegal and Gambia. The enclave that constitutes Gambia in Senegalese territory seems to exemplify this absurdity. These boundaries appear to be an historical accident. An analysis of diplomaties relationships between France and Great Britain at the end of the 19th century shows very well that these borders we traced freehand around a table in Paris. It was indeed arbitrary and very much disconnected from local issues. However this heritage from colonialism have been barely removed since the independency of both of the countries and now separates to states whose local and national trajectories are dissociated. The main goal of this thesis it was to bring back questionings to show how different levels of scale how those boundaries have been integrated as a source of several opportunities or a tool for speculation. Trans-territorial practices of smuggling considerate transgressive in terms of normative systems appear actually as the evidence of manipulation and a set of distortions created from the borders and highlights some sort of appropriation of the assigned frame. Since the time of colonialism, people of different part of those borders have been asking for an intervention from local institutions from ail part to clearly define the limits because they are actually risking there land title over that ambiguity. This process of territorial issue contributed to dig the pit between those populations and create two national identities. That makes the boundaries even more real than ever at the point they became moral and acceptable for them
Seck, Momar. "Appropriation d'objets et de matériaux de récupération dans l'art sénégalais contemporain." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00748257.
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