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1
Boughoufalah, Mohamed. "Earthquake input mechanisms for dam-foundation interaction." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63932.
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Soliday, Stanley Jr. "Limits of limit equilibrium and finite element techniques applied to cracked debris dams on collapsing foundations." PDXScholar, 1991. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4428.
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Limits of slope stability, limit equilibrium methods, and of the finite element code FEADAM are reached in the application of these methods to the problem of cracked dams constructed on collapsing soils.
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Birch, Kenneth J. "An investigation into increasing the interface strength of concrete dams on rock foundations by grouting." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq21278.pdf.
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Oliveira, Antonio Gilberto Simões de. "Análise da eficácia dos dispositivos de vedação e drenagem utilizados em fundações permeáveis de barragens de terra." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18132/tde-13042010-091918/.
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A construção de barragens de terra sobre formações geológicas permeáveis constitui um dos mais sérios desafios da engenharia de barragens. Neste tipo de projeto, as principais variáveis que devem ser analisadas são a vazão, o gradiente de saída e a subpressão, todas decorrentes da percolação de água pela fundação. Este trabalho apresenta um estudo acerca da eficácia dos dispositivos de controle da percolação a partir de análises paramétricas realizadas em uma barragem típica utilizando o método dos elementos finitos através do programa SEEP/W. Nestas análises foram variadas as características dos dispositivos e a anisotropia hidráulica do maciço de fundação. Verificou-se que a trincheira de vedação parcial é extremamente ineficaz, que o tapete impermeável à montante apresenta cerca de 60% de eficácia para relações entre o comprimento do tapete e a largura da base da barragem da ordem de 1,70 e que a trincheira de vedação total associada aos dispositivos de drenagem constitui a solução mais eficaz no controle das variáveis vazão, gradiente de saída e subpressão.The construction of earth dams on pervious geologic formations constitutes one of the most serious problems of the engineering of dams. In this type of project, the main variables that must be analyzed are the discharge, the exit gradient and the uplift pressure, all decurrent ones of the water seepage for the foundation. This work presents a study on the effectiveness of devices of control of the seepage from parametric analyses carried through in a typical dam using the method of the finite elements through program SEEP/W. In these analyses the characteristics of the devices and the hydraulic anisotropy of the foundation mass had been varied. It was verified that the cut-off trench of partial is extremely inefficacious, that the impermeable blanket to the sum presents about 60% of effectiveness for relations between the blanket length and the width of the base of the dam of the order of 1.70 and that the cut-off trench of associated to the drainage devices constitues the solution most effective in the control of the variables discharge, exit gradient and the uplift pressure.
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Coy, Tyler K. "Laboratory Modeling of Erosion Potential in Dam Foundations Due to Foundation Voids." DigitalCommons@USU, 2014. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/3899.
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Earthen dams and levees create high gradients and increased hydraulic pressures in the underlying soil, which can lead to erosion and other challenges. Karst formations and other defects such as cracks in the foundation and/or abutments can lead to failure mechanisms such as internal erosion. Generally these voids or cracks are filled with soil, but due to the increased pressures and gradients that dams and levees create, the original soil is pushed out, thus creating a void that acts as a conduit for more soil to follow. Different soils will erode at different rates and some even create a natural filter, preventing further erosion from occurring, but due to these increased gradients and the cyclic changes that can occur throughout the seasons these filters can be broken down, allowing for erosion to continue and potentially lead to complete failure of the structure unless certain reparatory measures are taken. In the lab we have simulated different conditions that exist in the field and the results of testing a variety of soils can be found in this paper.
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Chandrashaker, Rajagopalan Carleton University Dissertation Engineering Civil. "Seismic analysis of gravity dam-reservoir-foundation system using an effective hybrid technique." Ottawa, 1992.
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Wästlund, Dag. "Progressive failure research on foundation surface of the Longtan gravity dam." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-161213.
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The most common failure of concrete gravity dams is sliding along the foundation surface. This thesis studies progressive failure of the Longtan dam on the upper Hongshuie river in china.Two methods are used in this thesis; the Safety Reserve Factor (SRF) method and the Overload method. The SRF-method is used as a tool to study sliding failure along the foundation weak layer of the Longtan dam. Strength reduction coefficients decrease the cohesion and friction angle values for the weak layer of the foundation. Simulations with reduced shear strength parameter values gives information about the development of the plastic zone. The ultimate bearing resistance and the failure path along the foundation are obtained. The safety reserve coefficient is established through the strength reduction coefficients, when the plastic zone of the foundation is totally coalescent. To analyse the development of the plastic zone along the dam foundation with the strength reserve method, the commercial finite element software MSC.Marc is used. The results of the Safety Reserve Factor method (SRF) show that the failure of the dam is highly related to the strength of the interface between the dam and rock foundation. The strength reserve factor is determined to 2.4. The Overload method gives a visual deformation shape of the dam structure and pressure load at the moment of failure.Dammar har används i mer än 5000 år (Yang et al. 1999) och är fortfarande en viktig källa för energiutvinning. Det största antalet dammar finns i Kina och man tror att det finns över 80,000 dammar i landet (Shapiro 2001). En ökning av dammars kapacitet och antal sker, vilket resulterat i ett behov av bättre sätt för att utvärdera säkerhetsparametrar som betongkvalité, styvhet och homogenitet av bergmassa. Simuleringar av dammkonstruktioner kan ge värdefull information om dessa parametrar och kan därigenom bidra till att förbättra en damms stabilitet och sänka konstruktionskostnader. I det här examensarbetet utvärderas och modelleras Longtan dammen i övre Hongshui floden i Kina. Den vanligaste orsaken till haveri av betongdammar är glidning mellan betonglager och bergmassan. I den här rapporten simuleras ett svagare lager mellan betong och bergmassa och utvecklingen av kontaktbrottsvägen visualiseras och utvärderas med progressiva haveri metoden. Det svagare lagrets hållfasthetskoefficienter; friktionsvinkel och kohesion, reduceras för att analysera utbredningen av den plastiska zonen. Resultaten visar att en överskridning av draghållfastheten för betong börjar vid dammens häl och att kompressionsbristningsgränsen överskrids vid dammens tå när hållfasthetskoefficienterna reduceras. Säkerhetsreservskoefficienten för Longtan dammen erhålls då gränsytan mellan betong och berg är helt plastisk. För att analysera utbredningen av den plastiska zonen längs med dammfundamentet med progressiva haveri metoden används den kommersiella finita element mjukvaran MSC.Marc. Resultaten från säkerhetskoefficientfaktormetoden visar att ett haveri av gravitations dammar är i hög grad relaterad till hållfastheten mellan betongen och bergets gränsyta. Säkerhetskoefficientfaktorn bestäms till 2.4. För att bestämma Longtan dammens maximala vattenbelastningskapacitet används Överbelastningsmetoden. Det maximala vattentryck som Longtan dammen klarar av utan att haverera simuleras med hjälp av en vätska vars densitet ökas mellan modellkörningar. Dammens förskjutning når till sist en punkt där den ökar kraftigt och dammens mutationsdeformationstillstånd har uppnåtts. En visuell deformationsbeskrivning av dammen ges genom modellkörningar och överbelastningsfaktorn bestäms.
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Divoux, Patrick. "Modélisation du comportement hydro-mécanique des discontinuités dans les structures et les fondations rocheuses : application aux barrages en béton." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE10192.
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Les incidents et les accidents survenus a des barrages en beton, ainsi que les resultats d'auscultation, ont montre que leur stabilite depend tres largement du comportement mecanique des zones les plus faibles de l'ensemble vallee-barrage. Localises au niveau des discontinuites dans la structure et dans le rocher, ces points faibles sont principalement les failles des zones d'appui, les reprises de betonnage dans le barrage, le contact beton-rocher au niveau de la fondation et les joints de plots du barrage. Nous avons travaille a la modelisation du comportement de ces zones avec les elements finis particuliers que sont les elements d'interface. Un grande partie de ce rapport est consacree a la connaissance du comportement de ces elements, aux hypotheses emises lors de leur formulation et aux difficultes numeriques associees a la prise en compte de comportements fortement non-lineaires. Le mode de construction, les techniques de clavage et de drainage des barrages en beton en font des ouvrages particuliers dont la modelisation est rendue difficile avec les codes aux elements finis classiques. Le code de calcul gefdyn a ete le support du developpement d'outils et de methodes d'analyse du comportement des barrages en beton et des fondations rocheuses. Appliquees aux barrages de puyvalador et de puylaurent, ces methodes permettent de prendre en compte les principales non-linearites du comportement des ouvrages et de mieux comprendre leur fonctionnement. Ces calculs fournissent des renseignements exploitables sur le plan pratique et sur le plan theorique.
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Haeri, Seyed Mohsen. "Response of earth and rockfill dams to strong earthquakes including dam-foundation interaction effects." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/47094.
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Sharon, Diana M. "Patterns of destiny : narrative structures of foundation and doom in the Hebrew Bible /." Winona Lake (Ind.) : Eisenbrauns, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39064532t.
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Yilmazturk, Sema Melek. "Three Dimensional Dynamic Response Of A Concrete Gravity Dam." Master's thesis, METU, 2013. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615455/index.pdf.
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Hydroelectric power is a commonly used alternative source of energy in developing countries. In this regard, concrete gravity dams are the most preferred dam type especially with the developments in the engineering industry. Roller compacted concrete became more popular in dam construction due to its advantages of speed and economy. Several methods are used for the design of concrete gravity dams by analyzing the dam response under static and dynamic loads. This study provides three dimensional linear dynamic analysis of roller compacted concrete gravity dam with a complete dam-foundation-water interaction by using EACD-3D-08 program. Foundation flexibility was included with damping and mass using boundary elements. Three dimensional solid elements were used for the idealization of the dam and water with using finite element methods. Compressibility of water with reservoir absorption was studied. In the light of USACE, performance criteria of linear analyses were assessed. Parametric study was conducted to determine the most influential parameters on the dam response. The importance and necessity of three dimensional analyses were investigated by comparing with linear two dimensional analyses. Linear analyses were then compared with three dimensional nonlinear analyses. In conclusion, the realistic dam seismic response can only be obtained by using three dimensional linear analyses with full interaction of dam-foundation-water.
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Dekker, Jaap. "Zion's rock-solid foundations : an exegetical study of the Zion text in Isaiah 28, 16 /." Leiden : Brill, 2007. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb411011636.
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Geringhoff, Sebastian. "Das Stiftungssteuerrecht in den USA und in Deutschland : ein Rechtsvergleich /." Baden-Baden : Nomos, 2008. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=016268057&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Molinder, Gabriella. "Internal erosion in the pervious foundation of an embankment dam : A case study on the Lossen dam." Thesis, KTH, Vattendragsteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-189134.
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The Lossen dam is an embankment dam in the Swedish river Ljusnan. The dam is founded on thick layers of stratified glaciofluvial sediments and till. Ever since construction, there have been problems with high pore pressures, large seepage flows and springs downstream of the right part of the dam. After the first filling of the reservoir, a large drainage trench was constructed downstream of the dam to lower pore pressures. Sinkholes and settlements downstream of the dam have occurred repeatedly over the lifetime of the dam, particularly in the area surrounding the large drainage trench. This study aims to investigate the causes of the sinkholes and assess the risks of internal erosion in the foundation and in the soil downstream of the dam. A model of the groundwater flow has been created in Visual MODFLOW. Calculations for assessing the soils susceptibility for contact erosion and suffusion have been performed, using soil gradation curves (both from the 1960s and from new samples). The results from the erosion calculations show that the probability of contact erosion being the sole cause of the internal erosion is minor. However, a majority of the soil samples tested are internally unstable (susceptible for suffusion). The possibility of backward erosion piping can not be dismissed but would need further investigation in order to be properly assessed. Due to the very heterogeneous structure of the soil in the area downstream of the dam, it is hard to predict the extent of the eroding soil layers and, thus, the future development of the erosion. A conclusion is that the soil downstream of the dam is subject to internal erosion, which is also the cause of the observed sinkholes and settlements. The internal erosion is probably not a threat to dam safety at the moment, but can possibly evolve as a problem in the future. Therefore close monitoring of the changes in seepage patterns and sediment transport is recommended. Possible solutions to stop the erosion include extending the drainage system with more pressure relief wells, and placing a filter blanket in the seepage exit area.Lossendammen är en jorddamm i älven Ljusnan. Dammen är byggd ovanpå tjocka lager av morän och isälvssediment. Sedan första dämningen 1962 har problem med höga portryck, stora läckageflöden och källsprång nedströms dammen uppkommit. Efter första dämningen grävdes ett stort dränagedike (kallat Slits 19) ut nedströms om dammen, för att sänka portrycken i området. Sjunkhål och sättningar har uppkommit återkommande under dammens livstid, speciellt i området kring slitsen. Målet med denna studie är att undersöka orsaken till de uppkomna sjunkhålen och sättningarna, samt att bedöma risken för fortsatt intern erosion i dammens undergrund och i jorden nedströms dammen. En modell över grundvattenflödet i området har skapats i Visual MODFLOW. Jordens fallenhet för kontakterosion och suffusion har beräknats med hjälp av kornfördelningskurvor från jordprover (majoriteten av vilka är från 60-talet, samt några nya). Resultaten från beräkningarna visar att risken för att kontakterosion initieras är liten. Däremot visar en majoritet av de testade kornfördelningskurvorna att jorden är internt instabil (har fallenhet för suffusion). Sannolikheten för att bakåtskridande erosion initieras kan inte uteslutas baserat på det underlag som förelegat, men en pålitlig bedömning skulle kräva ytterligare undersökningar. Eftersom jorden under och nedströms dammen är väldigt heterogen, och de olika lagrens storlek och utbredning är okänd, är det svårt att förutspå hur erosionen kommer att utvecklas i framtiden. Slutsatsen är att jorden nedströms dammen utsätts för fortlöpande inre erosion. Inre erosion är också orsaken till de uppkomna sjunkhålen och sättningarna. I nuläget är erosionen ingen risk för dammsäkerheten, men kan komma att bli det i framtiden. Noggrann övervakning av eventuella förändringar i läckagemönstren och sedimenttransport är viktig. Bland möjliga lösningar för att avstanna erosionen finns utökning av dränagesystemet med nya filterbrunnar, samt att lägga ett filtrerande skyddslager över området där källsprången sker.
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Simic, Milan. "Earthquake analysis of concrete gravity dam-foundation systems." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/418224c4-bc34-4ec8-a39e-ec5d7a6f1d4f.
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Falcão, de Queiroz Daniel. "An alarm system for pore pressure measurements in the foundation ofconcrete dams : a case study of Storfinnforsen buttress dam." Thesis, KTH, Jord- och bergmekanik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-233461.
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Concrete buttress dams are relatively light structures and less demandingon foundations; because of that, they may have problems with upliftforces and horizontal joints in the area of the dam´s foundation maypresent a failure mode through sliding. The Storfinnforsen dam, thelargest concrete dam in Sweden, had its foundation studied recently andthe discovery of sub-horizontal joints in the bedrock led to the necessityof having the safety of the dam foundation to sliding assessed.The safety is dependent on the pore pressure, which can vary throughtime. The implementation of an alarm system to monitor and assess thevalues of the pore pressure is necessary to improve the dam´s operation.In this thesis, a new system on how to define alarm limits for measuredpore pressures is suggested.The proposed alarm system will monitor the pore pressure of the joint,calculate the safety factor against sliding, compare it to the alarm limits ofthe system (adopted from RIDAS) and present countermeasures to theproblem.The analysis and implementation of the alarm system on monolith 42 ofStorfinnforsen showed that it does not comply with the Swedishguidelines with respect to sliding stability, but the measured porepressures are low enough to allow the creation of an alarm system thatwill monitor the pore pressure continuously. Furthermore, thecharacteristics of the local geology exclude any quick development of porepressure allowing countermeasures to be applied.However, further research on the definition of alarm limits for this kindof problem is needed.Lamelldammar av betong är relativt lätta konstruktioner med mindrepåkänningar på grunden jämfört med konventionellagravitationsdammar. Till följd av detta är de också känsliga för upptryck.I kombination med förekomsten av sub-horisontella sprickplan iberggrunden kan detta utgöra en risk för glidning. Vid Storfinnforsensbetongdamm, vilken är Sveriges största lamelldamm, har undersökningarav berggrunden genomförts. I samband med dessa undersökningaridentifierades sub-horisontella sprickplan i berggrunden ochmonoliternas glidstabilitet har därför analyserats med avseende påglidning. Dränage har även borrats och portrycksmätare installerats föratt övervaka portrycket i berggrunden.Portrycket, och därmed dammens säkerhet mot glidning, kan emellertidvariera över tid. Det är därför nödvändigt att utveckla och implementeraett alarmsystem för att övervaka portrycket och säkerställa dammenssäkerhet. I följande examensarbete har ett nytt system utvecklats för attdefiniera alarmgränser för uppmätta portryck. I det föreslagnaalarmsystemet övervakas portrycket över sprickplanen, säkerhetsfaktornmot glidning beräknas och jämförs mot gränser baserade på acceptablasäkerhetsfaktorer från RIDAS. Om uppmätta portryck överstigeralarmgränserna implementeras fördefinierade åtgärder.I detta arbete implementerades alarmsystemet på monolit 42 iStorfinnforsens lamelldamm. Resultaten från en inledandestabilitetsanalys visade att säkerhetsfaktorn mot glidning inte uppfyllerställda krav enligt RIDAS riktlinjer. De uppmätta portrycken äremellertid tillräckligt låga för att möjliggöra användningen av ettalarmsystem som övervakar portrycken kontinuerligt och därmedsäkerställer att säkerheten mot glidning uppfylls. Om portrycken skulleöverstigas ges förslag på möjliga åtgärder som kan genomföras för attsänka portrycken. Vidare indikerar de lokala geologiska förhållandena attVsnabba höjningar av portrycken till följd av exempelvis urspolning avfyllnadsmaterial från sprickplan är osannolika, vilket möjliggörimplementering av de fördefinierade åtgärderna om portrycket skullestiga. Vidare forskning rekommenderas emellertid på hur snabbtportrycken kan stiga till följd av olika scenarier såsom nedbrytning avinjekteringsridåer.
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Sousa, LucrÃcia Nogueira de. "Assessment performance of the foundation in sandstone of a Dam: case study of the Jaburu I Dam"." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2014. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=11549.
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The foundation of the Jaburu I dam it is a classical performance case of
foundations in sandstone sedimentary rock. The continuous monitoring of the dam has been
the detected the non-regular seepages and adopted in establishing the planning and execution
of the remediation campaigns in way to keep the foundation and damâs structures in safety
conditions over three decades of operation, in despite of the ineffectiveness of conventional
treatment foundation in sedimentary formation that had been used. Seepage anomalies
indentified since the first filling of the reservoir in some regions of embankment and its
foundation, detaching a significant flow in the left abutment which reached the maxima
discharge of 47 l / s in 1988. Since then new points of resurgences have been identified and
monitored by flow gages located in the downstream region. This monograph presents the
events recorded in the flow gages and the remedial campaigns adopted to reduce the seepage
in the foundation, embankment and abutments of the dam, as well as others specific
interventions designed to recover the internal drain, stabilize the dam and to fill the cavities
formed by the decomposition of the sandstone rock in the foundation. After the publication of
the Law 12.334/2010, which established the National Policy of Dam Safety, it was established
a complete list of responsibilities related to the safety of dams in Brazil, some of them already
taken as routine by the Government of Cearà since 2002. This monograph recommends to the
rock foundations of the dam, treatments with new sealing technologies that would mitigate the
present anomalies.A fundaÃÃo da Barragem Jaburu I apresenta comportamento clÃssico em se tratando de fundaÃÃes em rocha sedimentar tipo arenÃtico. O monitoramento contÃnuo deste empreendimento tem sido o principal indicador no estabelecimento do planejamento e execuÃÃo das aÃÃes de tratamento das fundaÃÃes e recuperaÃÃo das estruturas comprometidas no decorrer de trÃs dÃcadas, onde se pode verificar a pouca eficÃcia do tratamento convencional de fundaÃÃo em ambiente sedimentar. Desde o primeiro enchimento do reservatÃrio foram identificadas anomalias no maciÃo de terra e na fundaÃÃo, em forma de percolaÃÃo, juntando-se a estas uma significativa vazÃo na ombreira esquerda que alcanÃou um pico de 47 l/s, em 1988. Desde esta ocasiÃo, novos pontos de surgÃncias foram identificados e monitorados por meio de medidores de vazÃo na regiÃo de jusante. Apresentase, assim, os acontecimentos registrados na barragem e os programas de tratamentos adotados para reduzir as percolaÃÃes pela fundaÃÃo, do corpo da barragem e ombreiras, assim como outras intervenÃÃes realizadas com o propÃsito de drenar o fluxo, estabilizar a barragem e obturar as cavidades provenientes da decomposiÃÃo da rocha arenÃtica. Com o advento da Lei 12.334/2010, que instituiu a PolÃtica Nacional de SeguranÃa de Barragens, foi estabelecida uma cadeia completa de responsabilidades relacionadas à seguranÃa das barragens construÃdas no Brasil, sendo que algumas das aÃÃes propostas jà sÃo adotadas pelo Governo do CearÃ, desde 2002. Esta dissertaÃÃo conclui recomendando aÃÃes de reabilitaÃÃo da rocha de fundaÃÃo da barragem, com novas tecnologias de impermeabilizaÃÃo, de forma a mitigar as anomalias.
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Katsouli, Maria. "Seismic response of dam-foundation systems with nonlinear interface behavior." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61712.
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Harrison, Stella, and Siri Nöjd. "Influence of Foundation Modelling on the Seismic Response of a Concrete Dam." Thesis, KTH, Betongbyggnad, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-300448.
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It is of great importance to ensure the structural safety of dams during earthquakes since a failure may cause catastrophic consequences. Conventional computation of the structural response of dams is based on a simplified approach where the foundation is considered as massless. However, recent developments have produced several new analysis methods that consider the foundation mass, modelled with absorbing boundaries and free-field forces. These newer methods are intended to simulate the seismic structural response more accurately, optimize the design and minimise future unnecessary reparations. The aim of the thesis was to investigate the influence of foundation modelling in seismic time history analyses. This was done by comparing the established massless foundation approach to two approaches with foundation mass and free-field forces included; the analytical approach presented by Song et al. (2018) and the direct FE approach by Løkke (2018). Both the efficiency of the seismic wave propagation simulation and the structural response of the dam were of interest, and points on the dam and foundation were studied to accurately compare these modelling approaches. The time history analyses showed that the massless approach corresponded perfectly with the ideal theoretical velocity at the foundation surface when studying only the foundation block, as expected. The analytical and direct FE however, differed slightly from the theoretical value but still gave an accurate representation. Both methods using free-field forces obtained equivalent and realistic structural responses when studying the dam-reservoir-foundation model. The massless method however,strongly overestimated the dam response and was therefore found to not capture the actual behavior of the dam accurately, despite modifications such as increased material damping in the concrete. Additionally, another aim was to analyse the influence of modelling in 2D versus 3D for determining the dynamic characteristics of the dam such as natural frequencies and eigenmodes of the dam. These frequency analyses were made using models with and without foundation mass considered and was compared to experimental data.The massless 3D model was found to be the most effective modelling approach for deriving the dynamic characteristics of the dam since the use of a 3D model was necessary in order to study the behaviour of the whole dam and post-processing was simpler when using the massless model.Det är nödvändigt att säkerställa dammars säkerhet mot jordbävningar i design-processen eftersom ett dammbrott kan få katastrofala konsekvenser. Traditionellt används förenklade beräkningar där dammens strukturella respons beräknas med en berggrund där bergets massa är försummad. Den senaste tiden har flera nya analysmetoder tagits fram, som tar hänsyn till bergets massa och är modellerade med absorberande randvillkor och free-field forces. De nyare metoderna förväntas modellera de seismiska krafterna mer exakt för att optimera designen och minimera onödiga reparationer. Syftet med projektet var att undersöka inverkan från olika metoders sätt att beakta berggrunden vid seismiska analyser. Det utfördes genom att jämföra den etablerade masslösa metoden med två metoder som beaktar bergmassan och free-fieldforces; den analytiska metoden av Song et al. (2018) och Direct FE-metoden av Løkke (2018). Både effektiviteten i den seismiska vågutbredningssimuleringen och dammens strukturella respons var av intresse. Modelleringsmetoderna jämfördes genom att studera punkter på både dammen och berget. När enbart berggrunden studerades med den masslösa metoden så erhölls, som förväntat, god överenstämmelse med den ideala teoretiska hastigheten på bergsytan. De analytiska och Direct FE metoderna skiljde sig marginellt från det teoretiska värdet men gav fortfarande en korrekt hastighet på bergsytan. Vid analys av modeller med dam och reservoar inkluderade, gav metoderna som använde free-field forces ekvivalenta och realistiska strukturella responser. Den masslösa metoden däremot, överskattade kraftigt dammens respons och ansågs därför inte modelleradet verkliga beteendet hos dammen på ett korrekt sätt, trots modifieringar med ökad materialdämpning i betongen. Ett annat syfte var att analysera påverkan av modellering i 2D kontra 3D för att bestämma dammens dynamiska egenskaper, som egenfrekvenser och egenmoder. Dessa frekvensanalyser gjordes med hjälp av modeller som både beaktade och försummade bergets massa, och jämfördes med experimentella data. Den masslösa 3D-modellen visade sig vara den mest effektiva modelleringsmetoden för att erhållade dynamiska egenskaperna hos dammen. Det eftersom en 3D-modell var nödvändig för att studera hela dammens beteende och hantering av utdata var förenklad vid användning av den masslösa modellen.
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Feltrin, Glauco. "Absorbing boundaries for the time-domain analysis of dam-reservoir-foundation systems /." Basel ; Boston ; Berlin : Birkhäuser, 1997. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=incoll&nr=808.
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BENTO, EDSON CAMPOS. "EVALUATION OF THE FLOW CONDITIONS THROUGH THE FOUNDATION OF THE LAÚCA DAM - ANGOLA." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2014. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=28484@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO
PROGRAMA DE EXCELENCIA ACADEMICA
O aproveitamento hidroelétrico de Laúca, está localizado no km 307,5, do rio Kwanza (medido a partir de sua foz), cerca de 47 km a jusante do AHE Capanda, próximo à localidade de N hangueYa Pepe, na província do Kwanza Norte – Angola. A obra teve início no final de 2012 e terminará em 2017. Normalmente, as fundações de barragens são obras projetadas na superfície do globo e apoiadas sobre as rochas, e em muitas dessas rochas encontram-se fraturadas que geram algumas descontinuidades, ocasionando valores elevados da permeabilidade nas fundações de barragens. Esta dissertação tem como principal objetivo avaliar as condições de estanqueidade das fundações do aproveitamento hidrelétrico de Laúca. Esta avaliação foi feita a partir dos resultados de ensaios de perda d água sob pressão e interpretada através da teoria dos ensaios de Maurice Lugeon, que são realizados em maciços rochosos através de furos de sondagens em diferentes estágios. Estes ensaios têm como finalidade indicar os valores da permeabilidade e do comportamento desses maciços, em relação à percolação d água através das descontinuidades. Através da teoria de Lugeon, pode-se definir o tipo de escoamento, comportamento do preenchimento nas fraturas e fissuras que indiquem valor representativo da permeabilidade do maciço, que, por sua vez, orientará uma tomada de decisão sobre a necessidade de se adotar alguma intervenção, bem como a adoção de um programa de tratamento das fundações da barragem.
The Laúca Dam is located at km 307.5 of the Kwanza River (measured from its mouth), about 47 km downstream from Capanda Hydroelectric Project, near the village of Ya N hangue Pepe in the province of Kwanza Norte - Angola. Usually dam foundations are designed and constructed along the eroded channel rivers and supported on the rocks, and many of these rocks are fractured, and generate some discontinuities with a high degree of hydraulic conductivity of the dam foundations .This dissertation aims to assess and to evaluate the seepage conditions throughout the foundations of hydroelectric Laúca. This evaluation is normally made using the tests of loss of water with pressure and interpreted using the proposal of Maurice Lugeon, i.e., the well-known in the practice of dam engineering as the Lugeon test. This test is performed in rock masses through boreholes and different stages, aims to determine the hydraulic conductivity and the behavior of the fractured rock mass, taking into the consideration the water flow through the discontinuities and fractures. Using the Lugeon set of results, it can be estimated important engineering characteristics such as: the volume and the type of flow and representatives values of the equivalent mass of the hydraulic conductivity. All this information is useful to establish the grouting procedure and also to verify the performance of the treatment carried out to reduce leakage through the dam foundation.
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McClelland, Duane Michael. "Estimating Life Loss for Dam Safety Risk Assessment." DigitalCommons@USU, 2000. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4553.
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" Estimating Life Loss for Dam Safety Risk Assessment" explores the need for a new life-loss model in dam safety risk assessment, historical foundations on which that model can be built, and issues that are critical for a successful life-loss model to address. After critiquing existing life-loss models, the work presents a summary of historical insights that were derived by characterizing flood events on the level of subpopulations at risk, using nearly l 00 carefully defined variables. Building upon both conceptual and historical insights, the work culminates by presenting the conceptual basis for a new life-loss model that remains under development.
Chapter I introduces the topic of dam safety risk assessment and the central role that life-loss estimation plays in that field. Chapter II discusses important preliminary considerations in model development. Chapter Ill provides a detailed review of previous life-loss models that pertained to floods, including a critique of each. Chapter IV explores the DeKay-McClelland model in detail and raises serious concerns regarding its future use. Chapter V defines nearly l 00 variables and their respective categories for use in characterizing flood events. Chapter VI provides a detailed outline of historical insights that relate to flood events in one of 18 logical categories. Chapter VII proposes the framework for a new conceptual life-loss model-a model that is still under development and has yet to be refined or offered for testing-with sufficient details to indicate how it was developed and how it might be used. Chapter VIII provides a summary, conclusions, and recommendations for future research. Appendices A through D provide material related to over 900 pages of unpublished working documents developed while characterizing 38 flood events and nearly 200 subpopulations at risk. Appendix E offers a summary of existing software that, given additional development, might prove useful to life-loss estimation in dam safety risk assessment.
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Maillard, Nathalie de Amorim Perret Gentil Dit. "Investimento social privado: discussão sobre o papel das fundações na gestão das políticas sociais." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2010. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/1396.
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Previous issue date: 2010-05-24This paper aims to study the corporate foundations and the objective is to discuss their role in social policies management. The study is motivated because foundations have been assuming a prominent role as social policies agents, not just for the resources available, but also for its inclusion in the policies management by their projects. Firstly, foundations were designated just to execute social actions, today they are seen as strategic organizations, able to effect a more sustainable management and increase the dialogue between business and community. Therefore, foundations implement and generate social projects in order to enable better living conditions for poor people and ensure their social rights - right to health, education, housing and other essential terms. It should be emphasized there isn´t a withdrawal of state policymaker and funder role in social policies, on the contrary, the state expanded its functions of planning, assessment and control, ensuring citizens' right to access quality life. To achieve our objective, we provide a literature review on the transformation of state, enterprises and Third Sector roles. The research methodology is qualitative and quantitative interviews were conducted in 6 large and active corporate foundations in education area. The study showed there is a conscious concern from foundations to social problems and several projects are carried out to combat these. There is also an attempt to contribute to state, even if not fully aligned with government programs. The foundations contribute to state but there is no way yet to assess the real impact because the absence of similar indicators, also the dialogue between the sectors is fragile, so the exchange and sharing of skills and knowledge is still small
O presente trabalho se propõe a estudar as fundações corporativas com o objetivo de discutir o seu papel na gestão das políticas sociais. O estudo é motivado pois as fundações vêm assumindo papel de destaque como agentes de políticas sociais, não apenas pelo enorme volume de recursos disponíveis, mas também por sua inserção na gestão de tais políticas através de projetos. A princípio, as fundações foram designadas executoras de ações sociais, hoje são vistas por suas mantenedoras como organismos estratégicos, capazes de efetivar uma gestão mais sustentável e de ampliar o diálogo entre empresas e a comunidade. As fundações, assim, implementam e geram projetos sociais com o objetivo de possibilitar à população melhores condições de vida e garantir seus direitos sociais - direito ao acesso à saúde, à educação, à habitação e a outras condições essenciais. É necessário ressaltar que não há a retirada do papel do Estado de formulador e financiador das políticas sociais, pelo contrário, o Estado amplia suas funções de planejamento, avaliação e controle, garantindo aos cidadãos o direito ao acesso a uma vida com qualidade. Para alcançar o objetivo proposto, promove-se uma revisão bibliográfica referente as transformações do papel do Estado, empresas e do Terceiro Setor. A metodologia utilizada na pesquisa foi qualitativa-quantitativa, foram realizadas entrevistas em 6 grandes e atuantes fundações corporativas na área da educação. O estudo mostrou que há uma preocupação consciente das fundações com os problemas sociais e que diversos projetos são realizados para o combate destes. Há também uma tentativa de contribuição com o Estado, mesmo que ainda não totalmente alinhadas com os programas governamentais. Mas ainda falta uma aproximação entre as organizações com ações planejadas e avaliadas. As fundações contribuem com o Estado mas ainda não há como avaliar o real impacto pela ausência de indicadores similares, além disso ainda é falha o diálogo entre os setores, assim a troca e o compartilhamento de capacidades e conhecimentos ainda é pequena
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Ferreira, Cátia Sofia da Luz Pinto. "Determinantes de performance das fundações portuguesas." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/10446.
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Mestrado em Contabilidade, Fiscalidade e Finanças EmpresariaisMedir a performance das organizações é fundamental para destacar pontos fortes e pontos de melhoria com a finalidade de alcançar a metas que as organizações pretendem atingir, os seus objetivos. As Fundações têm um impacto transversal a todos os indivíduos e, apesar do seu caráter social e não lucrativo, torna-se crucial averiguar e avaliar o seu desempenho económico-financeiro. O presente estudo pretende averiguar quais as Determinantes de Performance das Fundações Portuguesas. Para o efeito foi criado um modelo de regressão linear com dados em painel para os anos 2011, 2012 e 2013. A amostra é composta por 102 Fundações Portuguesas e 286 observações. Com este estudo exploratório pretende-se explicar a influência que cinco indicadores de desempenho usados para Terceiro Setor Operating Margins, o Working Capital Ratio, o Profitability Ratio, o Debt Ratio e o Primary Reserve Ratio, têm na Rendibilidade Operacional do Ativo das Fundações Portuguesas. Todas as variáveis são estatisticamente significativas e têm diferentes impactos no desempenho financeiro das Instituições. Este estudo permitiu destacar cinco indicadores que medem o desempenho das Fundações sendo possível verificar que a performance das Fundações Portuguesas, medida pelo Rendibilidade Operacional do Ativo, foi em média negativa.
Measure the performance of organizations is important to highlight strengths and possible improvements in order to achieve their goals. Foundations have an impact in all societies and, despite their non-profit character, it is crucial to evaluate their economic and financial performance. This essay aims to find out the Features Performance of Portuguese Foundations. To explain this it was created a linear regression model with panel data for 2011, 2012 and 2013. The sample is composed by 102 Portuguese Foundations and 286 observations. This exploratory study intends to explain the influence of some performance indicators used for the Third Sector, such as Operating Margins (OPMARG), Working Capital Ratio (WCR), Profitability Ratio (PROFIT), Debt Ratio (DEBTR) and Primary Reserve Ratio (PRIM), on Return on Assets of Portuguese Foundations. All independent variables are significant and have a different impact on financial performance. The performance of Portuguese Foundations measured by ROA was typically negative and it has been calculated by performance indicators used. All indicators are statistically significant and have different impacts on the financial performance of the institutions. With the five indicators that this study has highlighted it is possible to measure the performance of Portuguese Foundations, measured by the negative average of Return on Assets.
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Kolobe, A. B. M. "The Developmental Appraisal System (DAS) as a major issue in educational policy discourse in the Foundation Phase of schools in the Free State." Interim : Interdisciplinary Journal, Vol 13, Issue 1: Central University of Technology Free State, Bloemfontein, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/277.
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Published ArticleThe purpose of this paper, based on a doctoral study, is to examine how teachers in the Foundation Phase of schools in the Free State province perceived, conceptualised and implemented Developmental Appraisal System (DAS) as a component of the Integrated Quality Management System (IQMS). The epistemological and ontological perspectives pertaining to both quantitative and qualitative approaches compelled the researcher to choose the Mixed Method Research (MMR). Data analysis consisted of the inferential and descriptive statistics for quantitative data analysis and, themes, patterns and behaviours for qualitative data analysis. Unbalanced two-way ANOVA, T-test and frequency distributions were used in analysis of quantitative data while themes and patterns resembled qualitative data analysis. The majority of teachers perceived DAS as a developmental process while a sizable minority claimed to the contrary. The Department of Basic Education did not provide direct training to teachers on matters pertaining to both the DAS and IQMS. Furthermore, the money reward earned through the process of DAS was perceived to be a source of conflict between teachers and school management.
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Hellgren, Rikard. "Influence of Fluid Structure Interaction on a Concrete Dam during Seismic Excitation : -Parametric analyses of an Arch Dam-Reservoir-Foundation system." Thesis, KTH, Betongbyggnad, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-145655.
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The aim of this study is to investigate how Fluid-Structure interaction is included in numerical earthquake analyses of dams. The base for this project is theme A from the 12th international benchmark workshop on numerical analysis of dams, which was held in October 2013. The focus of theme A was how to account for the fluid structure interaction in numerical earthquake analyses of dams. To highlight how engineers and researchers include this interaction in their analysis, a literature review of the modeling choices and conclusions from all participants are included. Since the workshop contains participants from seven countries, this review aims to describe of how this analysis is carried out in practice. Further, parametric numerical analyses are performed in this study, where the purpose is to isolate some important parameters and investigate how these influence the results in seismic analyses of dams. These analyses were performed through the use of the finite element method. The geometric model from the benchmark workshop was used and analysed with the commercial software Abaqus. The studied parameters are the choice of fluid element, Rayleigh damping parameters, reservoir boundaries and wave absorption in the foundation-reservoir interface. The water has a major effect on a dam's seismic behaviour and should be included in the analysis. The added mass approach gives similar results compared with a more sophisticated method. This simplified approach could be used in engineering purpose where the time is limited and the accuracy is of lesser importance, since the calculated stresses are conservative. Using acoustic finite elements provides a reasonable computation time, while also allowing for more advanced features, such as bottom absorption and non-reflecting boundaries The definition of Rayleigh damping has proven to be a very challenging task, especially as it has a large impact on the results. The choice of boundary conditions for the back end of the reservoir was the parameter that least influenced the results. The conservative approach is to use a fixed boundary where all pressure waves are reflected. The reflection coefficient for the foundation-reservoir interface has a large influence on the results, both for the participants that used this coefficient in the benchmark workshop and for the analyses presented in this study. The coefficient should therefore be used carefully.Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur fluid-struktur interaktion inkluderas i numeriska jordbävningsanalyser av dammar. Detta ämne var ett av de teman som behandlades vid den 12:e internationella benchmark-workshopen för numerisk analys av dammar som hölls i oktober 2014 i Graz, österike. För att visa hur ingenjörer och forskare tar hänsyn till denna interaktion har en litteraturstudie på bidragen till workshopen genomförts. Då workshopen lockade deltagare från universitet och konstruktionsfirmor från sju länder, är målet att kunna beskriva hur jordbävningsanalyser av dammar utförs i praktiken. Dessutom har numeriska parameterstudier genomförts, med syfte att isolera enskilda parametrars inverkan vid seismiska anslyser av dammar. Analyserna har utförts med finita elementmetoden och analyserna är utförda med den geometriska modellen som användes i workshopen. Alla analyser har utförts i programmet Abaqus. De analyserade parametrarna är, val av fluid-element, Rayleigh dämpningsparametrar, randvillkor för reservoaren samt tryckvågsabsorption i gränsytan mellan reservoar och berg. Vattnet har en stor inverkan på dammen och de hydrodynamiska effekterna bör inkluderas vid en jordbävningsanalys. Metoden med impulsiv massa ger liknande resultat jämfört med mer sofistikerade metoder. Denna enklare metod kan användas i samanhang där beräknings och modelleringstid är begränsad och noggrannhet är av mindre intresse så länge resultaten är konservativa. För tillämpningar där noggrannheten är viktigare kan akustiska element användas för att beskriva vattnet. De akustiska element ger möjligheter för mer sofistikerade analyser där t.ex. vågabsorption och icke reflekterande gränser kan beaktas. Att välja Rayleigh dämpning visade sig var en väldigt utmanande uppgift, där valet hade stor påverkan på resultaten. Valet av randvillkor för reservoarens bortre ände var den parameter som hade minst påverkan på resultaten. Det konservativa valet är att välja en ''fixed'' gräns med full reflektion av tryckvågor. Reflektionskoefficienten för interaktionen mellan vatten och berg visade sig ha en stor inverkan på resultaten, både för de deltagare i workshopen som valde att använda denna koefficient och för de analyser som presenteras i denna studie. Denna koefficient bör därför användas med försiktighet.
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Van, Golde Herman Maria Gerardus Johannes. "Law of grace the theological foundations of canon law according to Hans Dombois in his work, "Das Recht der Gnade" /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2005. http://www.tren.com.
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Barbara, Lenin Bicudo. "Simmel e a analogia: investigações sobre uso e os aspectos epistemológicos da analogia na Soziologie e na Philosophie des Geldes de Georg Simmel." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8132/tde-15032013-104535/.
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Neste estudo, trato do papel do raciocínio analógico no pensamento de Georg Simmel (1858-1918), um dos fundadores da sociologia alemã. Meu objetivo aqui é compreender o procedimento analógico como um traço fundamental da teoria social e da epistemologia de Simmel. É possível resumir o primeiro passo para a realização desse objetivo como uma reconstrução daqueles fragmentos da história do conceito de analogia que influenciaram seu pensamento. Busquei, em seguida, coletar todas as ocorrências de analogia que fui capaz de encontrar (e identificar enquanto tais) em meio aos livros de Simmel que mais teriam influenciado a sociologia (a saber: a Philosophie des Geldes e a Soziologie) construindo, assim, um índice abrangente para tais analogias. Finalmente, procurei analisar algumas das analogias coletadas em detalhe, mantendo o foco naquelas que, a meu ver, lançam alguma luz ou estão de algum modo relacionadas a outros traços fundamentais do pensamento sociológico e filosófico de Simmel.In this study I deal with the role of analogical reasoning in the thought of Georg Simmel (1858-1918), one of the founders of German sociology. My aim here is to grasp the analogy-making as a key feature of Simmels social theory and epistemology. The first step in this direction can be summed up as a recollection of those fragments of the history of the analogy concept which most likely influenced Simmels thought. Secondly, I endeavored to collect all the instances of analogy that I could find (and identify as such) from those of his books which are deemed to be the most influential ones to sociology (viz., the Philosophie des Geldes and the Soziologie) elaborating, as a result, a broad index of such analogies. And finally I sought to analyze in minute detail some of the collected analogies, focusing on those which, on my view, shed light on or bear some relation to other key features of Simmels sociological and philosophical thought.
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Aguiar, Ana Filipa Vitorino de Oliveira. "Modelo de Governo das Universidades Portuguesas." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/4463.
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Mestrado em Ciências EmpresariaisEste estudo pretende apresentar as diferentes formas de governo das instituições de ensino superior a nível internacional e entender a evolução do sistema português e os possíveis caminhos que irá traçar. Nesta análise é relevante o enquadramento legislativo, as regulamentações da comunidade europeia e a realidade nacional, no que se refere ao número de estudantes e às tendências que se estão a iniciar. A reflexão pelos modelos internacionais conduz à possibilidade de analisar quais as consequências caso sejam identicamente aplicados em Portugal. A realidade nacional não pode ser esquecida uma vez que terá um papel fulcral na aplicação de diferentes modelos assim como nos seus resultados.
This study aims to present the different forms of governance of higher education institutions internationally and to understand the evolution of the Portuguese system and the possible paths that will chart. This analysis is relevant legislative framework, regulations of the European community and national reality, in relation to student numbers and trends that are starting. Reflecting the international models leads to the possibility of analyzing the consequences if they are applied identically in Portugal. The national reality can not be overlooked since it will have a key role in the application of different models as well as their results.
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AraÃjo, Carla Beatriz Costa de. "AplicaÃÃo das redes neurais artificiais do tipo perceptron na estimativa de recalques em estacas." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2015. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=14556.
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A utilizaÃÃo das redes neurais artificiais (RNA) na estimativa de recalques em fundaÃÃes
profundas à comprovadamente uma ferramenta eficiente. Nos trabalhos de AmÃncio (2013) e
Silveira (2014), o emprego das RNA apresentou bons resultados para a previsÃo de recalques
em estacas hÃlices contÃnuas, estacas cravadas metÃlicas e estacas escavadas. PorÃm, algumas
estacas modeladas apresentaram comportamento muito distante dos resultados reais, onde os
resultados da modelagem indicaram aumentos bruscos na rigidez do sistema solo-estaca. Nesta
pesquisa, foi desenvolvido um modelo com uma rede neural do tipo perceptron multicamadas
de forma a melhorar o desempenho dos modelos de AmÃncio (2013) e Silveira (2014). Para
desenvolvimento do trabalho, inicialmente foram feitas anÃlises dos resultados de sondagens Ã
percussÃo do tipo SPT e provas de carga estÃticas das 199 estacas utilizadas no trabalho
apresentado por Silveira (2014), fazendo-se uma avaliaÃÃo da consistÃncia das informaÃÃes,
com o objetivo de ter um conjunto mais heterogÃneo e representativo. ApÃs a realizaÃÃo de
alteraÃÃes, chegou-se a um conjunto com 141 estacas, totalizando 1.320 exemplos do tipo
entrada-saÃda. Foram definidas como variÃveis de entrada do modelo: o tipo de estaca, o
comprimento da estaca, o diÃmetro da estaca, o nÃmero representativo dos valores de NSPT ao
longo do fuste da estaca (denominada NF), o NSPT na ponta da estaca, profundidade da camada
de influÃncia da carga em relaÃÃo a ponta da estaca, o fator representativo das camadas de solo
argiloso, o fator representativo das camadas de solo siltoso, o fator representativo das camadas
de solo arenoso e a carga aplicada. Foram estudadas quatro diferentes formas de cÃlculo da
variÃvel de entrada NF, sendo estas: soma, mÃdia, soma ponderada e mÃdia ponderada. Com as
variÃveis de entrada apresentadas foram trabalhados modelos onde a variÃvel de saÃda fosse o
recalque da fundaÃÃo profunda. A modelagem das RNA foi feita utilizando o programa QNET
2000, e foram realizados o treinamento e a validaÃÃo de diferentes arquiteturas. O modelo que
teve melhor desempenho apresentou coeficiente de correlaÃÃo entre os recalques reais e os
recalques modelados no treinamento de 0,99 e na validaÃÃo de 0,98. Os resultados obtidos
mostraram-se melhores que os de AmÃncio (2013) e Silveira (2014), que na fase de validaÃÃo,
apresentaram correlaÃÃes de 0,89 e 0,94 respectivamente. O modelo final deste trabalho possui
uma arquitetura formada por 10 nÃs na camada de entrada, 34 neurÃnios distribuÃdos ao longo
de quatro camadas ocultas e um neurÃnio na camada de saÃda (A:10-15-9-7-3-1), utilizando a
mÃdia para cÃlculo do nÃmero representativo dos valores de NSPT ao longo do fuste da estaca.use of artificial neural networks (ANN) in the estimation of settlements in foundations deep has proven an effective tool. The work of Amancio (2013) and Silveira (2014), the use of RNA showed good results for predicting settlements in continuous stakes propellers, metal piles driven and bored piles. However, some modeled stakes had far behavior of real results, where modeling results indicate sharp increases in stiffness soil-cutting system. In this research, it developed a model with a neural network of the multilayer perceptron to improve the performance of the models AmÃncio (2013) and Silveira (2014). To development work initially polls results of analyzes were made Percussion SPT and static load tests of 199 stakes used at work presented by Silveira (2014), making up an assessment of the consistency of the information, in order to have a more heterogeneous and the representative assembly. After conducting changes, has come up with a set with 141 stakes, totaling 1,320 examples of the type entrance exit. Were defined as model input variables: the type of pile, the length of the pile, the pile diameter, the number of representative values when NSPT Over stake stem (called NF), the NSPT on the edge of the pile, depth of the layer the influence of load relative to the cutting edge, the factor representative of the soil layers clay, the representative factor of silty soil layers, the representative factor of the layers sandy soil and the applied load. Four different ways of calculation have been studied in NF input variable, which are: sum, average, weighted sum and weighted average. With input variables presented were worked models where the output variable was the repression of deep foundation. The modeling of RNA was made using the QNET program 2000 and were carried out training and validation of different architectures. The model had better performance showed correlation coefficient between the actual settlements and settlements modeled in the training of 0.99 and 0.98 in the validation. The results proved to be better than those of Amancio (2013) and Silveira (2014), which in the validation phase, They showed correlations of 0.89 and 0.94 respectively. The final model of this work has an architecture comprised of 10 nodes in the input layer, 34 neurons distributed throughout four hidden layers, and one neuron in the output layer (A: 10-15-9-7-3-1) using to calculate the average number of NSPT representative values along the cutting shaft.
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Pina, Liliana Manuel Maia. "O museu das comunicações: contributos e perspectivas para uma proposta de gestão." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/11588.
Full textAbstract:
Esta dissertação tem como objectivo a caracterização e diagnóstico da estrutura de
gestão do Museu das Comunicações, com vista à formulação de uma proposta de redefinição,
enquadrada nos princípios museológicos legais e deontológicos em vigor, no estado da arte
da gestão de museus e nas práticas de gestão das fundações com museus em Portugal.
O estudo do Museu baseou-se na sua caracterização do ponto de vista da sua génese e
evolução, das suas colecções, da localização e do edifício. Abordou-se de modo mais
aprofundado, a sua estrutura de gestão, particularmente a estrutura orgânica e aplicação das
funções museológicas.
A dissertação culmina com uma proposta para reestruturar a gestão do Museu das
Comunicações assente na redefinição dos ‘princípios fundadores’ e do seu impacto no
enquadramento na tutela, na estrutura organizacional (aplicação das funções museológicas e
organização dos recursos humanos) e nos instrumentos complementares da gestão
museológica; ### ABSTRACT:
The Museu das Comunicações: contributions and perspectives towards a management
proposal
KEYWORDS: museum, foundation, museum management, management structure, organic,
Museu das Comunicações.
This dissertation sets out to describe and analyse the management structure for the
Museu das Comunicacões, the ultimate goal being a proposal for its reform. This will be
framed within museology's legal and deontological principles, the state of the art of museum
management, as well as management practices within foundations with museums in Portugal.
The starting point for the study of the Museum is an overall description of its origins
and evolution, its collections, its location and its facilities. From there, a more detailed
analysis of its management structure is offered, in particular its organic structure as well as
its enforcement of museological functions.
The dissertation concludes with a proposal for restructuring the management of the
Museum, based on a review of its 'foundation statements’ and their impact on the trust's
framework, on its organisational structure (museological function enforcement and human
resources organisation), and on complementary tools for museum management.
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Ramalho, Leonardo S?vio Guanabara. "Reconfigura??o din?mica de estrat?gias distribu?das em dispositivos foundation fieldbus para a otimiza??o de processos na ind?stria do petr?leo." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2009. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/12896.
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Previous issue date: 2009-06-29The petrochemical industry has as objective obtain, from crude oil, some products with a higher commercial value and a bigger industrial utility for energy purposes. These industrial processes are complex, commonly operating with large production volume and in restricted operation conditions. The operation control in optimized and stable conditions is important to keep obtained products quality and the industrial plant safety. Currently, industrial network has been attained evidence when there is a need to make the process control in a distributed way. The Foundation Fieldbus protocol for industrial network, for its interoperability feature and its user interface organized in simple configuration blocks, has great notoriety among industrial automation network group. This present work puts together some benefits brought by industrial network technology to petrochemical industrial processes inherent complexity. For this, a dynamic reconfiguration system for intelligent strategies (artificial neural networks, for example) based on the protocol user application layer is proposed which might allow different applications use in a particular process, without operators intervention and with necessary guarantees for the proper plant functioning
A ind?stria petroqu?mica tem por objetivo obter, a partir do petr?leo bruto, produtos de alto valor comercial e de maior utilidade industrial para fins energ?ticos. Os processos dessa ind?stria s?o complexos, geralmente operam com grandes volumes de produ??o e em condi??es restritas de opera??o. O controle da opera??o em condi??es ?timas e est?veis ? importante para manter a qualidade dos produtos obtidos e a seguran?a da planta. Atualmente, as redes industriais t?m alcan?ado destaque quando h? a necessidade de se realizar o controle do processo de forma distribu?da. O protocolo para redes industriais Foundation Fieldbus, por sua caracter?stica de interoperabilidade e sua interface com usu?rio organizada em blocos de simples configura??o, tem grande notoriedade dentre o grupo de redes para automa??o industrial. O presente trabalho agrega os benef?cios trazidos pela tecnologia de redes industriais ? complexidade inerente dos processos ligados a industria petroqu?mica. Para tal, ? proposto um sistema para reconfigura??o din?mica de estrat?gias inteligentes (redes neurais artificiais, por exemplo) baseado na camada de aplica??o do usu?rio do protocolo, o qual poder? permitir o uso de diferentes aplica??es em um determinado processo, sem interven??es de operadores e com as garantias necess?rias para o bom funcionamento da planta
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Sow, Djibril. "Variabilité spatiale de la résistance au cisaillement des discontinuités des fondations rocheuses de barrages." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6707.
Full textAbstract:
Résumé : Les barrages induisent un impact potentiellement important sur l'environnement et la société par la modification des écosystèmes, le déplacement des populations en amont et surtout par la présence d'un risque imposé aux populations situées à l'aval. Même si les ruptures de ces ouvrages ont une probabilité d'occurrence faible, la cause principale des accidents, à côté des submersions par des crues imprévues, a toujours été la rupture des fondations (ICOLD 1993) suite à des problèmes d'érosion, ou d'insuffisance de résistance au cisaillement le long des discontinuités rocheuses, des joints de levées ou de l'interface barrage-fondation. La fréquence de ruptures par défaut de résistance au cisaillement des discontinuités des fondations des barrages en béton est estimée à 21 % (ICOLD 1995).
Les fondations rocheuses présentent souvent une variabilité verticale et horizontale des propriétés de résistance au cisaillement des discontinuités. Une variabilité verticale peut être matérialisée par une moyenne de la propriété de résistance qui varie en profondeur et dont la prise en compte réduit la variance de cette propriété de résistance. Aussi, la rupture des fondations rocheuses par défaut de résistance au cisaillement des discontinuités est un mécanisme qui mobilise les propriétés ponctuelles de résistance au cisaillement présentes sur cette discontinuité. La résistance au cisaillement mobilisée le long de cette discontinuité présente parfois une variance moins élevée que celle de la résistance ponctuelle au cisaillement (échelle de laboratoire). Ces phénomènes de variabilité spatiale ne sont pas pris en compte dans la justification du comportement en cisaillement des fondations ni dans les travaux de recherches publiées dans la littérature.
L'objectif de la thèse est d'élaborer une démarche d'analyse de la variabilité spatiale de la résistance au cisaillement qui prend en compte cette réduction de la dispersion. Cette démarche a été élaborée dans le contexte de l'état de l'art actuel, avec la combinaison des impératifs suivants :
• La démarche est basée sur une méthodologie expérimentale i)-alternative à l'essai de cisaillement direct (coûteux en temps et en argent) pouvant être relativement simple à mettre en œuvre ii)- qui permet de générer des données quantitatives de cisaillement suffisamment abondantes pour analyser la variabilité spatiale de la résistance au cisaillement.
• Cette démarche a été mise en œuvre au contexte des outils numériques et des méthodes de justification de la résistance à l'effort tranchant d'une fondation rocheuse de barrage-poids.
La méthodologie expérimentale définie dans la thèse a fait l'objet d'une validation par étude comparative avec 35 essais de cisaillement direct sur des joints à différents degrés de rugosité et d’altération, prélevés d'une fondation de barrage-poids en béton.
Il a été développé une démarche d'analyse de la variabilité spatiale de la résistance au cisaillement des joints. Cette démarche repose sur l'utilisation des données géo référencées de paramètres de cisaillement caractérisant la même famille de discontinuité le long d'un forage vertical. Afin de valider la pertinence et l’applicabilité de cette démarche, nous l’avons implémentée dans un cas d'étude de fondation rocheuse de barrage.
A l'aide d'un code de calcul numérique basé sur la méthode des éléments finis, une étude a permis d'illustrer la pertinence de l'analyse de la variabilité spatiale de la résistance au cisaillement des joints dans une étude de stabilité au glissement des fondations rocheuses de barrage. Les résultats montrent que la prise en compte de la variabilité spatiale des paramètres de cisaillement permet d'augmenter la marge de sécurité mesurée à travers une hausse du coefficient de sécurité et une baisse significative de la probabilité de défaillance. // Abstract : Dams induce a potentially significant impact on the environment and society by changing ecosystems, by populations’ relocation upstream and especially by the presence of an imposed risk on populations located downstream. Although dam failures have a low probability, the main cause of accidents, near submersions by unexpected flood has been foundations failures (ICOLD 1993) due to problems of erosion, or insufficient shear strength along the rock discontinuities or the interface between dam and foundation. Among dam failures, 21% are related to lack of shear strength along the discontinuities of the foundations (ICOLD 1995). It is well known that rock, as soil, is a complex engineering material formed y natural process, which induces vertical and horizontal variability. Plus, the sliding process of a rock foundation discontinuity is a mechanism that mobilizes points shear properties of this discontinuity. The variability of shear properties averaged over the sheared discontinuities is less than that of their point shear properties. This is known as the average effect in spatial variability. These phenomena of spatial variability are not taken into account in the standards of stability analysis of dam foundations sliding or research work published in the literature. The aim of the thesis is to develop an analysis of the spatial variability of shear strength that takes into account the reduction of the variability by scaling up effect. This approach was developed in the context of the current state of the art. An experimental method, which aimed to investigate in a simple way the shear strength of joints, was suggested in the thesis and has been validated by comparative study with more than thirty direct shear tests on joints taken from a foundation of concrete gravity dam. It was developed a process to analyze the spatial variability of the shear strength of the joints using the input parameters of the model of Barton and Choubey (1977). This approach is based on the use of geo -referenced data on these parameters characterizing the family of discontinuity along a vertical borehole. To validate the relevance and applicability of this approach, we have implemented it in a case study of a rock dam foundation. Using finite element software, a study illustrates the relevance of the analysis of the spatial variability of the shear strength of the joints in the assessment of stability against rock dam foundations sliding. The results show that taking into account the spatial variability of shear parameters can increase the margin of safety measured through an increase in the safety factor and a significant decrease in the probability of failure.
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Argueta, Prado Jorge Quetzal. "Des modernisations multiples. Modeler le secteur agricole au Mexique dans la première moitié du XXe siècle." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0191.
Full textAbstract:
La filière agricole a connu de profondes transformations au Mexique dans la première moitié du XXe siècle. Entre 1910 et 1960 la modernisation agricole s´est placée dans le débat public comme une nécessité incontournable. Tant pour affronter le problème des famines que le pays a connu dans le cadre de la Révolution (1910-1920) comme pour encourager l´essor de l´économie dans son ensemble, les différentes administrations à la tête du pouvoir ont cherché à rationaliser et intensifier la production agricole. Notamment la production de maïs qui, par son importance économique et alimentaire, a été une des cultures prioritaires. Dans ce cadre notre thèse porte sur les différentes stratégies et moyens engagées à cette fin, ainsi que sur les effets qu´elles ont produit. Nous examinons les efforts engagés par différents type d´acteurs pour gouverner et modeler la filière à l´aide de semences améliorés, d´engrais et de machinerie agricole ; aussi bien que par la mise en œuvre de politiques d´éducation, d´irrigation et de crédit parmi d´autres. Ce à travers l´analyse de sources historiques trouvées dans des archives mexicaines et étasuniennes, qui nous ont permis de saisir tantôt la perspective et travaux engagés dans ce sens par le gouvernement, comme par d´autres acteurs issus du milieu académique et privé. Par ce biais nous montrons que bien que la modernisation agricole ait été une idée et un programme globalement partagé par les différents gouvernements le long de cette période, les modalités qu´elle a adopté n´ont pas été homogènes. Que les objectifs particuliers que chaque gouvernement s´est donné et les savoir-faire et possibilités techniques disponibles à chaque moment ont été à la base des différents projets de modernisation qui ont pris place et modelé la filière. Et que l´ensemble du processus a été façonné par l´entrecroisement de divers intérêts, institutions, agents et savoir-faire locaux, nationaux et transnationauxThe Mexican agricultural sector experienced profound transformations in the first half of the twentieth century. Between 1910 and 1960 agricultural modernization was placed in the public debate as an unavoidable necessity. Both to overcome the famine problem the country experienced in the context of the Revolution (1910-1920), as well as to boost the economic growth, the different state administrations sought to rationalize and intensify the agricultural production. In particular the production of maize which, due to its economic and social importance, was one of the priority crops. In this context, our thesis focuses on the various strategies and means deployed to this end, as well as on the effects they produced. We examine the efforts made by different types of actors to govern and shape the agricultural sector by using improved seeds, fertilizers and agricultural machinery ; as well as through the implementation of educational, irrigation and credit policies among others. This through the analysis of historical sources found in Mexican and US archives, that brought us closer to the perspective and work done by the government agencies as well as to the initiatives issued from the academic and private sector. In this way we show that although agricultural modernization was an idea and a program widely shared by the different governments during this period, the modalities it adopted were not homogeneous. That the specific objectives each government set itself and the know-how and technical possibilities available at each moment, were at the basis of the different modernization projects that took place and shaped the sector. And that the whole process was shaped by the interweaving of various local, national and transnational interests, institutions, agents and know-how
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Koleini, Mehran. "Engineering geological assessment and rock mass characterization of the Asmari formation (Zagros range) as large dam foundation rocks in southwestern Iran." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24303.
Full textAbstract:
The Zagros fold-thrust belt results from the continent-continent collision between the Arabian margin and the Eurasian plate following the closure of the Neo-Tethys Ocean during the Tertiary. Despite some ongoing controversies about the timing of the onset of the collision there is little doubt that the main episode of the cover shortening in the Zagros folded belt occurred since about 10 Ma as suggested by the youngest folded strata of the Agha Jari red marls. Shortening by about 70 km derived from balanced sections across the Zagros folded belt, yields shortening rates of 7 km Ma-1 consistent with the present-day rates of 0.7 cm yr-1 based on GPS studies. A major unconformity between the Agha Jari formation and the Bakhtyari conglomerates indicates that cover shortening decreased or ceased 5 Ma ago. During or since the deposition of the Bakhtyari Formation, the Zagros fold belt underwent a regional uplift whose origin still remains enigmatic. The deformation is characterized by periodic folding with axial lengths sometimes greater than 200 km. This fold geometry is outlined by the limestone beds of the Asmari Formation, which is one of the main oil reservoirs in the Zagros. The Zagros also serves as the main originating headspring of the rivers running into the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea watersheds. Among all these rivers, the major ones are: Arvand Rud, Gamasb, Karun, Rajah, Zaal and Marun join and form Jarahi, Seymareh, Qareh Aqhaj, Zohreh, Dalaki, Mend, Shur, Minab, Mehran and Naband. Therefore, the Zagros region has high potential for dam construction to control surface water for electric energy, water supply for irrigation of agricultural lands and land reclamation. Among various formations in the Zagros region, the Asmari Formation limestone with relatively exclusive characteristics such as rigidity and morphology is a suitable rock foundation for dams in the Zagros range. It should be considered that the Asmari limestones constitute a series of double plunging, asymmetrical folds with northwest-southeast trend and that the southern flanks are steeper than the north-eastern ones (70° to 90º, locally reversed). Due to varying inclinations, there are much more curvatures of strata in the southwestern flanks of folded structures, with different characteristics of the rock mass in the two flanks of the anticlines. The anticlines, particularly in the Asmari Formation, contain tension-induced, open fracturing which has introduced significant secondary permeability. Engineering geological investigations indicate that there is a clear relationship between rock mass characteristics of the Asmari Formation and tectonic activities such as various tilting and curvature rates of strata at folded structures in the Zagros Mountain range. In this regard it should be considered that the upper and middle units of the Asmari Formation that constituted the main dam foundation rock mass on the northern flanks are influenced by karstification processes which have resulted from aggressive mineral waters. Thus huge karst features and cavities can be observed, where the Gachsaran evaporites stratigraphically overlie Asmari Formation succession limestones. The aggressive mineral waters originating from the Gachsaran Formation play the main role in karstification of the Asmari Formation limestones, whereas the lower Asmari is less influenced by these solutions and karstification processes as it is restricted to where the Karun-3 and Karun-4 dams are situated. Reassessment of available data and geological investigations during this research, lead to a new proposed configuration of engineering characterization of the rock mass for the Asmari formation limestones in the Zagros Region.Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Geology
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Motta, Cristina Reindolff da. "A motivação das decisões cíveis como condição de possibilidade para resposta correta / adequada." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2010. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/3150.
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O dever constitucional de fundamentar viabiliza a obtenção de uma resposta correta/adequada da decisão, além de ser condição de possibilidade para a validade da decisão. É através da hermenêutica, com a análise do caso concreto, que se pode chegar a uma resposta correta/adequada ao caso. A interpretação da norma não está à mercê do aplicador, razão pela qual as decisões prescindem de leitura hermenêutica no intuito de fazer a correta leitura e aplicação da lei, uma vez que a resposta correta só se dá no caso concreto. A decisão correta deve estar baseada no direito como integridade, à margem da discricionariedade do decisor, que poderia, através do poder criador que lhe atribui a discricionariedade, decidir de acordo com a sua subjetividade. Este é o ponto fulcral do problema da fundamentação e das razões pelas quais ela se transformou, no âmbito do Estado Democrático de Direito, em um direito fundamental do cidadão e em um dever (have a duty) fundamental do juiz e do tribunal. A democracia, portanto, estará ligada umbilicalmente ao controle decisional. Por outro lado, fundamentação não quer dizer “qualquer fundamentação”, assim como não se pode atribuir “qualquer significado a um determinado texto”. A decisão, a partir da hermenêutica filosófica, revela uma faceta completamente antidiscricionária, levando à resposta correta ao caso concreto. A decisão deve demonstrar os critérios que foram utilizados como meio de evidenciar a sua correção e servir como norte para decisões futuras. A falta de fundamentação gera ausência de critérios de decisão, bem como impossibilita um controle externo das decisões. Portanto, por ser garantia do cidadão e ao mesmo tempo limitadora do julgador, a fundamentação é uma garantia fundamental.
The grounding constitutional right turns out to be an effective way to reach a correct/adequate answer to a decision and by also being the condition that enables the decision validation. It is through Hermeneutics together with the analysis of the substantial case that a correct/adequate decision to it can be reached. The interpretation of the norm is not up to the user being this the reason why the decisions ofthe substantial cases prescind from the Hermeneutics reading in order to have the correct understanding and enforcement of the law since the correct answer will only take place at the substantial case. The right decision at the substantial case must be based on law as integrity aside the discretion of the taker, who would be able to decide according tohis subjectivity by using the creative power given by the related discretion power. This is the crucial point of the foundational problem and its reasons why it turned into the citizen ́s fundamental right at the scope of welfare State and also as the fundamental duty of the judge/court. Hence, democracy will be inherently linked to the decision taking control. foundation does not mean any foundation since it cannot be given any meaning at a certain text.. The decision originated at philosophical hermeneutics reveals its entirely anti discretional side leading the correctanswer to the substantial case. The decision must show the criteria used so that it highlights its correction and also provide the direction for the future decisions. The lack of foundation promotes the absence of decisional criteria inasmuch as it hinders an external controlof the decisions. Thus the foundation as a means of the citizen ́s assurance, which is also restricting of the judger is essential garantee.
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Miola, Edna. "Radiodifusão pública e participação deliberativa: um estudo das características e dos modos de atuação do Conselho Deliberativo da Fundação Cultural Piratini." Programa de Pós-Graduação em Comunicação e Cultura Contemporâneas da UFBA, 2009. http://www.repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/11293.
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Made available in DSpace on 2013-05-24T13:42:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao Edna Miola.pdf: 841217 bytes, checksum: ed7c908226af672506f5dbc6ad1fc137 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009
A partir da discussão de conceitos fundamentais atinentes ao papel da radiodifusão pública, da reconstituição da trajetória do modelo brasileiro de serviço público de radiodifusão e da investigação dos principais aspectos a caracterizarem tal atividade (programação, financiamento e controle administrativo), este trabalho conduz uma reflexão a respeito das diversas modalidades de intervenção da sociedade nas emissoras públicas de rádio e televisão. Examina-se a participação do público no estabelecimento de diretrizes de funcionamento e na fiscalização da atuação das emissoras de rádio e televisão administradas pela Fundação Cultural Piratini Rádio e Televisão, empresa vinculada ao Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Considera-se relevante o estudo do Conselho deliberativo desta Fundação por se tratar de um âmbito institucional apto a privilegiar a participação formal da sociedade, oportunizando a ocorrência de debates voltados para aperfeiçoar a operação daquelas emissoras ligadas à radiodifusão pública. Uma vez identificado o caráter da participação da sociedade proposto pelo Conselho Deliberativo, são acionados os princípios concernentes à Teoria da Democracia Deliberativa, no intuito de se auxiliar na análise e na compreensão das características e dos modos de atuação deste órgão a partir de quatro aspectos: (1) a concepção e a natureza dessa esfera deliberativa; (2) o perfil do universo de participantes; (3) o escopo e o modo de condução das discussões e, finalmente; (4) os resultados da deliberação interna àquele colegiado. Com base na revisão bibliográfica, análise de documentos primários e secundários, e entrevistas em profundidade, conclui-se que a organização formal do Conselho, além de reger suas atividades, colabora para a inclusão de atores diversos na discussão de temas relacionados às emissoras da Fundação Cultural Piratini. Apesar disso, seu Regimento fornece poucos subsídios a fim de tornar suas recomendações acatadas ou consideradas efetivamente pelo Governo Estadual. Ainda assim, pode-se dizer que a criação do Conselho Deliberativo instituiu a discutibilidade das emissoras educativas e das políticas estaduais de radiodifusão, inédita até então.
Salvador
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Bispo, Danilo Gustavo. "Dos fundamentos da matemática ao surgimento da teoria da computação por Alan Turing." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2013. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/13286.
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Danilo Gustavo Bispo.pdf: 2512902 bytes, checksum: 2261f415993066c8892733480af9c1c9 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2013-04-15In this paper I present initially in order to contextualize the influences involved in the emergence of the theory of Alan Turing computability on a history of some issues that mobilized mathematicians in the early twentieth century. In chapter 1, an overview will be exposed to the emergence of ideology Formalist designed by mathematician David Hilbert in the early twentieth century. The aim was to base the formalism elementary mathematics from the method and axiomatic theories eliminating contradictions and paradoxes. Although Hilbert has not obtained full success in your program, it will be demonstrated how their ideas influenced the development of the theory of computation Turing. The theory proposes that Turing is a decision procedure, a method that analyzes any arbitrary formula of logic and determines whether it is likely or not. Turing proves that there can be no general decision. For that will be used as a primary source document On Computable Numbers, with an application to the Entscheidungsproblem. In Chapter 2, you will see the main sections of the document Turing exploring some of its concepts. The project will be completed with a critique of this classic text in the history of mathematics based on historiographical proposals presented in the first chapter
Neste texto apresento inicialmente com o intuito de contextualizar as influências envolvidas no surgimento da teoria de Alan Turing sobre computabilidade um histórico de algum problemas que mobilizaram os matemáticos no início do século XX. No capítulo 1, será exposto um panorama do surgimento da ideologia formalista concebida pelo matemático David Hilbert no início do século XX. O objetivo do formalismo era de fundamentar a matemática elementar a partir do método e axiomático, eliminando das teorias suas contradições e paradoxos. Embora Hilbert não tenha obtido pleno êxito em seu programa, será demonstrado como suas concepções influenciaram o desenvolvimento da teoria da computação de Turing. A teoria que Turing propõe é um procedimento de decisão, um método que analisa qualquer fórmula arbitrária da lógica e determina se ela é provável ou não. Turing prova que nenhuma decisão geral pode existir. Para tanto será utilizado como fonte primária o documento On computable numbers, with an application to the Entscheidungsproblem. No capítulo 2, será apresentado as principais seções do documento de Turing explorando alguns de seus conceitos. O projeto será finalizado com uma crítica a este texto clássico da história da matemática com base nas propostas historiográficas apresentadas no primeiro capítulo
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Ndong, Jean-Mangane. "Le rôle des fondations pour le développement économique dans une économie fondée sur la connaissance." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAB005.
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Cette thèse s’articule autour de la question suivante : comment la fondation, organisation à but non lucratif, peut contribuer à une perspective de développement dans une économie fondée sur la connaissance ? Premièrement, nous analysons les missions philanthropiques de renforcement des capacités qui nous permettent de distinguer deux trajectoires de renforcement créatrices de connaissances : la valorisation des connaissances autochtones (tacites) et le transfert de connaissances explicites. Deuxièmement, nous établissons une typologie des fondations créatives qui oeuvrent pour le développement à travers leur capacité de transfert et de coproduction de connaissance. Grâce à une étude empirique qualitative menée auprès de trente trois fondations de sept nationalités, nos résultats statistiques et économétriques montrent que les activités lucratives de la fondation ont un impact favorable à l’amélioration des capacités de transfert de connaissances. Par ailleurs, la fondation de statut privé, n’est pas la plus dynamique en matière de transfert de savoirs. L’identification de ces facteurs essentiels au renforcement des capacités permet une meilleure coordination entre les acteurs renforçateurs et renforcés issus de cultures différentes. Les communautés de pratique et épistémiques qui émergent de ces relations de renforcement placent les fondations créatives au centre des perspectives de développement pour les pays du sud. Notre analyse du développement met en exergue la contribution des initiatives philanthropiques créatrices de connaissances comme le renforcement des capacitésThis thesis deals with the question of how a foundation, non profit organization, can contribute to the development in knowledge based economy? Firstly, we analyze the philanthropic mission of capacity building that enables us to discern two trajectories of creative knowledge building: the development of indigenous knowledge (tacit) and explicit knowledge transfer. Secondly, we establish a typology of creative foundations which work at the development through their capacity of transfer and coproduction of knowledge.Through a qualitative empirical study conducted among thirty three foundations of seven nationalities, our statistical and econometric results show that “profit-making activities” of the foundation have a positive impact on improving knowledge transfer capabilities. Besides, the private foundation is not the most dynamic in the transfer of knowledge. The identification of these critical factors in capacity building allows for better coordination between actors “reinforcers” and reinforced from different cultures. Communities of practice and epistemic Communities emerging from this relationship place the foundations at the center of creative development prospects for the South. Our analysis of the development highlights the contribution of knowledge-creating philanthropic initiatives such as capacity building
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Hosseiny, Sohi Seyed Mohammad [Verfasser]. "Numerical Simulation of Ground Water Flow in Dual Porous Media of the Karun 4 Dam (Iran) Foundation and Abutments / Seyed Mohammad Hosseiny Sohi." Kassel : Universitätsbibliothek Kassel, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1182469647/34.
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Laurent, Mathieu Olivier. "Les structures non-partisanes dans le champ politique." Thesis, Paris 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA020040/document.
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Le champ politique est un espace dans lequel s’affrontent des acteurs variés, acteurs qui ne se résument pas aux partis : trop souvent laissés dans l’ombre par la science politique, les clubs et cercles de réflexion, les fondations politiques, les instituts, participent effectivement à la vie politique. L’enjeu de cette étude est de mettre en perspective les modalités d’action des structures non-partisanes, de 1958 à nos jours, en revenant sur leur genèse, leur morphologie, et leurs trajectoires dans le temps : apportant de nouvelles idées, proposant des nouveaux modes de fonctionnement partisans, elles contribuent à faire bouger les lignes du débat politique et pallient les défaillances des partis en matière programmatique et d’écoute des revendications de la société civile. Sans se confondre avec les mouvements sociaux, elles partagent cependant avec ces derniers un militantisme différent de l’engagement classique et utilisent des modes d’intervention bien spécifiques. Malgré des ressources faibles au regard de leurs homologues étrangers (les fondations allemandes, les think tanks anglo-saxons), les structures non-partisanes françaises connaissent une tendance à la professionnalisation et mobilisent de véritables réseaux d’experts pour faire entendre leur voix : à la faveur d’une crise prolongée des organisations partisanes, elles sont appelées à jouer un rôle de plus en plus important dans la construction du « politiquement imaginable », ainsi que dans l’élaboration des politiques publiquesThe political arena is a field where in various actors confront each other, yet cannot be defined as political parties per se. Although clubs, think tanks, political foundations and institutes all genuinely participate in the political life, political scientists have, for the most part, ignored them. The purpose of this study is to put into perspective non-party structures methods of action, from 1958 to the present day, emphasizing their genesis, morphology and trajectories. As they bring new ideas to the forefront and suggest reforms for the internal functioning of political parties, they thus contribute to the evolution of political debate and even compensate for the parties failure in designing political programs and paying attention to the demands of the civil society. Though they are not to be assimilated to social movements, they do share a form of activism which can be distinguished from classical political commitments, and also use specific methods of intervention. Compared to their foreign counterparts (German foundations, Anglo-American think tanks), and despite meager resources, French non-party structures tend to develop their professionalism and mobilize authentic networks of experts so that their message is heard. Due to an ongoing crisis of political organizations, they will certainly play an increasing role in shaping the “politically conceivable” and in building public policies
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Bouali, Emna. "Formulation des bétons lourds , Application dans les fondations profondes." Thesis, CY Cergy Paris Université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020CYUN1055.
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Les bétons lourds sont des bétons spéciaux de haute densité qui dépasse les 3000 kg/m3 comparativement aux bétons ordinaires (2350 kg/m3). Généralement, ils sont utilisés comme des écrans de protection contre les rayonnements ionisants au niveau des installations nucléaires ce qui permet de réaliser des ouvrages porteurs assurant une protection contre les rayons Gamma et d’autres rayons radioactifs. Ils sont utilisés aussi comme des lests dans les applications nécessitant un contre poids important. Des granulats de forte densité sont utilisés pour la fabrication de ces bétons comme la barytine (sulphate de baryum), l’hématite et la magnétite (minerais à base d’oxydes de fer), des déchets ferreux, grenailles de fer ou d’acier… grâce aux propriétés particulières qui les caractérisent tel que la haute densité, la faible abrasivité et la neutralité chimique. Cette étude porte sur l’influence de ces additions utilisées sur le comportement rhéologique (viscosité plastique et seuil de cisaillement) et mécanique des bétons lourds confectionnés. Les résultats obtenus ont montré que l’augmentation du pourcentage d’ajout d’addition (de 38% jusqu’à 54%) provoque une augmentation de la viscosité plastique et du seuil de cisaillement. L’objectif principal de cette présente recherche, est d’étudier la faisabilité d’utiliser ces bétons lourds dans les fondations profondes et plus précisément dans le bétonnage des pieux forés. Afin de répondre à cet objectif, un dispositif équivalent reproduisant à échelle réduite le bétonnage des pieux forés et permettant donc d’établir des corrélations entre la mise en place du béton avec le dispositif proposé et la mise en place réelle du béton sur les chantiers, a été mis en place. Plusieurs configurations de fixation du tube plongeur ont été étudiées. L’ensemble des résultats obtenus a permis de régler la hauteur de fixation du tube plongeur à 15 cm du fond du pieu afin de favoriser la sortie du premier béton et l’évacuation du fluide de forage. Des simulations numériques de l’écoulement d’un fluide à seuil en présence d’un deuxième fluide ont étés réalisées en utilisant COMSOL Multiphysics. L’influence des paramètres rhéologiques et de la densité des bétons utilisés dans le bétonnage des pieux a été étudiée à travers ces simulations. Il a été montré que l’augmentation du béton utilisé (de 2435 kg/m3 à 3064 k/m3) augmente le volume de fluide évacué c’est-à-dire, plus le béton est dense plus, il arrive à chasser le fluide et le remplacer dans le tube.MotsHeavy concretes are special concretes of high density, which is almost 3000 kg/m3 instead of 2350 kg/m3 in the case of ordinary concretes. Usually, they are used as shields against ionizing radiation at nuclear facilities, which allows the construction of load-bearing structures providing protection against Gamma and other radioactive rays. They are also used as ballast in structures requiring a high weight. Aggregates and heavy additions are used for the manufacture of these concretes such as barite, hematite, magnetite, ferrous waste, granules of iron and steel, thanks to their particular properties such as high density, low abrasivity and chemical neutrality. This study deals with the influence of these additions used on the rheological (plastic viscosity and yield stress) and mechanical behavior of the heavy concretes made in order to highlight the effect of the density of the additions on the behavior of the concretes. The results obtained showed that the increase in the addition percentage (from 38% to 54%) causes an increase in the plastic viscosity and the yield stress. The main objective of this research is to study the feasibility of using these heavy concretes in deep foundations specifically in the concreting of bentonite-bored piles. In order to meet this objective, equivalent tests have been set up through the development of a device that simulates the concreting techniques applied at construction sites. Numerical simulations of concreting bentonite-bored piles have been performed using Comsol Multiphysics, through which the influence of rheological parameter and density of concretes was studied. It has been shown that increasing the concrete density from 2435 kg/m3 to 3064 kg/m3, increases the evacuated volume of drilling fluid
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Bordg, Anthony. "Modèles de l'univalence dans le cadre équivariant." Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE4083.
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Cette thèse de doctorat a pour sujet les modèles de la théorie homotopique des types avec l'Axiome d'Univalence introduit par Vladimir Voevodsky. L'auteur prend pour cadre de travail les définitions de type-theoretic model category, type-theoretic fibration category (cette dernière étant la notion de modèle considérée dans cette thèse) et d'univers dans une type-theoretic fibration category, définitions dues à Michael Shulman. La problématique principale de cette thèse consiste à approfondir notre compréhension de la stabilité de l'Axiome d'Univalence pour les catégories de préfaisceaux, en particulier pour les groupoïdes équipés d'une involutionThis PhD thesis deals with some new models of Homotopy Type Theory and the Univalence Axiom introduced by Vladimir Voevodsky. Our work takes place in the framework of the definitions of type-theoretic model categories, type-theoretic fibration categories (the notion of model under consideration in this thesis) and universe in a type-theoretic fibration category, definitions due to Michael Shulman. The goal of this thesis consists mainly in the exploration of the stability of the Univalence Axiom for categories of functors , especially for groupoids equipped with involutions
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Jérôme, David. "La question du système dans le Zibaldone de Giacomo Leopardi." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO30030.
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Le Zibaldone est le grand journal de pensées de Giacomo Leopardi (1798-1837). Le jeune philologue et poète y consigne, sur près de quinze ans (1817-1832) et plus de 4500 pages, des pensées qu’il nomme « de philosophie variée et de belle littérature ». Et en effet, c’est bien la variété, et même la plus étonnante bigarrure qui caractérisent ce monumental magasin d’écriture : bigarrure des matières brassées (théorie de la connaissance, métaphysique, anthropologie, politique, morale, esthétique, autobiographie) ; bigarrure de ses formes (aphorisme, anecdote, maxime, remarque, citation, note érudite, essai) ; bigarrure de ses tonalités (tour à tour sarcastique ou sérieuse, docte ou familière, polémique ou poétique) ; intensité variable de ses rythmes d’écriture etc. Le Zibaldone apparaît donc tout d’abord comme un flux discontinu et disparate de pensée. Cependant, Leopardi n’entend pas y exposer une rhapsodie de vérités isolées et fragmentaires mais une véritable philosophie, un authentique système philosophique. « Il mio sistema » : « mon système se fonde sur un scepticisme raisonné », « mon système ne se fonde pas sur le christianisme mais s’accorde avec lui », « mon système ne détruit pas l’absolu mais le multiplie » etc. La philosophie de Leopardi se place sous le signe d’une assomption répétée et explicite de la systématicité : « il n’existe pas de philosophe véritable sans système ». Affronter la question du système revient alors pour lui à affronter la question de l’ordre. Il ne s’agit pas d’une simple velléité mais d’une exigence aussi bien méthodologique qu’ontologique. Manquer d’esprit de système c’est manquer d’ordre, et c’est surtout manquer l’essence même du réel, de la nature en tant que totalité , une nature qu’il ne saurait concevoir autrement, elle aussi, que comme un système et comme un ordre. Quel est donc l’ordre du système léopardien ? Et dans quelle mesure celui-ci épouse-t-il l’ordre du système de la nature ? Quel est leur fondement commun ? Répondre à ces questions revient à parcourir l’ensemble du manuscrit et à montrer en quoi cette totalité mouvante, ouverte et réticulaire qu’est le Zibaldone est le seul lieu à même d’accueillir une pensée placée devant l’urgence de statuer sur les guises de l’existence et de la contradictionThe Zibaldone is Giacomo Leopardi’s (1798-1837) famous diary of thoughts. The young philologist and poet recorded, for almost fifteen years (1817-1832) and in over more than 4,500 pages, thoughts that he calls "of varied philosophy and fine literature." And, indeed, it is its variety and even the most striking variegation which characterise this monumental magasin d’écriture: the variegation of its subject matters (theory of knowledge, metaphysics, anthropology, politics, morals, aesthetics, autobiography); the variegation of its forms (aphorism, anecdote, maxim, observation, quotation, scholarly notes, essay); the variegation of its tones (sarcastic or serious, learned or familiar, polemical or poetic); the variable intensity of its writing rhythms and so forth. So the Zibaldone appears as a discontinuous and disparate stream of thought. However, Leopardi does not mean to put forward a rhapsody of isolated and fragmentary truths but a true philosophy, a genuine philosophical system. "Il mio sistema": "my system is based on a well-argued scepticism", "my system is not based on Christianism but is compatible with it", "my system does not destroy the absolute but multiplies it", etc. Leopardi’s philosophy is placed under the sign of a repeated and explicit assumption of systematicity: "there is no true philosopher without a system." For him confronting the question of the system means confronting the question of order. It is not about a simple inclination but about a methodological as well as an ontological requirement. Lacking the spirit of a system is lacking order, and it’s above all lacking the essence of reality itself, the essence of nature as a totality, a nature he cannot conceive otherwise than as a system and an order. So what is the order of the leopardian system? And to what extent does it fit in with the order of the system of nature? What is their common foundation? Answering these questions means browsing through the whole manuscript to show to what extent this moving, open and reticular totality which is the Zibaldone is the only suitable place to receive a thought placed in front of the urgency to pronounce a judgment on the modes of existence and contradiction
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Bargue, Elisabeth Evangélie. "Passion(s) dans l'espace public : histoire des collectionneurs et des collections privées d'art contemporain en Grèce au XXe siècle." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010571.
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Cette étude se propose de présenter l'évolution des collections privées d'art contemporain en Grèce au cours du siècle dernier. Malgré la forte présence du phénomène, les études à ce sujet sont rares, surtout concernant la période contemporaine qui est souvent délaissée au profit de l'archéologie et de la période byzantine. Pourtant, le phénomène du collectionnisme est très présent en Grèce et il est étroitement lié à I'histoire politique et sociale du pays, à des phénomènes tels que l'évergétisme, la diaspora et l'essor économique du pays à partir des années quatre-vingts lors de son entrée dans la Communauté Économique Européenne. Ainsi, l'aspect du phénomène se trouve-t-il en constante mutation. L'objectif de cette étude est donc une première approche des divers aspects du collectionnisme, étudié en relation avec l'histoire culturelle du pays, à travers les portraits de nombreux collectionneurs grecs qui ont vécu au XXe siècle. Ces passionnés d'art ont fortement marqué le paysage artistique et culturel de leur pays d'origine - mais aussi parfois de leur pays d'accueil - notamment grâce à la mise en valeur d'artistes et à l'influence du goût, mais surtout parce que leur activité est liée à la constitution de collection de musées de beaux-arts et de fondations privéesThis study aims to describe the history and situation of the private contemporary art collections in Greece du ring the last century. Despite the strong presence of the phenomenon, studies on this subject are scarce, especially in regard to the contemporary period, which is often neglected in favor of the Archeological and Byzantine period. However, the phenomenon of collecting contemporary art is very present in Greece and it is closely linked to the political and social history, to phenomenas such as benefaction, diaspora and the economic growth of the country, from the eighties upon entry into the European Economic Community. Thus, the appearance of the phenomenon is constantly changing. What is studied here is a first approach to the various aspects of collecting contemporary art in relation to the cultural history of the country, through the portraits of many iconic Greek collectors who lived in the twentieth century. These art lovers have strongly influenced the artistic and cultural landscape of their country of origin - but also sometimes to their home countries - through the discovery of artists and the influence of taste. The latter was achieved especially because their activity was related to the establishment of the permanent collections of fine art museums and private foundations
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Roy, Julien. "Microbiologie des plantes en coussin des milieux alpins : influence des facteurs biotiques et abiotiques dans l'assemblage des communautés microbiennes." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENV024/document.
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Les microorganismes occupent une place centrale dans la diversité du vivant et les processus écosystémiques, notamment dans le sol où ils sont en interaction avec les plantes. Cette thèse vise à caractériser l'influence respective des plantes et du contexte abiotique dans la distribution spatiale des microorganismes. Le travail s'appuie sur un modèle simplifié de la biologie des sols, les plantes en coussins des falaises de haute montagne. Nous avons suivi une seule espèce aux morphotypes variés, Silene acaulis, une espèce ingénieure de l'écosystème dont la croissance mène à la création d'un sol de novo. L'échantillonnage comprend le prélèvement de sol de plante et de sol extérieur comme témoin, pour des coussins distribués le long de gradients altitudinaux et géologiques. Des méthodes moléculaires ont été utilisées pour décrire la diversité microbienne et le génotypage des coussins.Les coussins structurent la beta diversité bactérienne et fongique à l'échelle régionale en agissant comme un tampon à échelle locale sur les effets de la roche mère et de l'altitude en homogénéisant le pH et par un apport de nutriments. Cet effet ingénieur est d'autant plus fort que la contrainte abiotique augmente et varie selon le génotype des coussins. La beta diversité bactérienne diffère de la beta diversité fongique. Alors que les communautés bactériennes sont sensibles au pH du sol et convergent sous les coussins, les communautés fongiques sont corrélées à la génétique des coussins, particulièrement les clades aux modes de vie biotrophes/pathogènes. Ce travail montre que les plantes sont un filtre biotique majeur de la biogéographie microbienneMicroorganisms are key component of Hearth biodiversity and ecosystem processes, especially in soils where they interact with plants. The objectives of the PhD was to caracterize the plant and abiotic respective influence on microbial spatial distribution. The work was based on a simplified soil biology model, the alpine cushion plants. We choose one species composed of variable morphotype, Silene acaulis,can ecosystem engineer species that creates de novo soil through growth. Sampling design includes soil within cushions and outside, spanning altitudinal and geological gradients. Molecular approachs were used to describe diversity and to genotype cushions.Cushions structures bacterial and fungal regional beta diversity through a local buffering of the influence of abiotic context, homogeneizing soil pH and by nutrient supply. This engineering effect increased in stressful conditions and varied according to plant genotype. Betadiversity differed between bacteria and fungi. Bacterial communities are mainly influenced by pH and converge within cushions while fungal communities correlate to cushion genetic, especially plant-associated biotrophs fungal clades. This work shows that plants act as a major biotic filter on microbial biogeography
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ALVES, Jader Rodrigues. "Levantamento das manifestações patológicas em fundações e estruturas nas edificações, com até dez anos de idade, executadas no estado de Goiás." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/677.
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Previous issue date: 2009-11-27The main objective of this research is to proceed to the rising of the indexes, to identify the pathologies and to characterize the constructions that presented occurrences of pathological manifestations in foundations and structures in the constructions executed in the State of Goiás, with age of up to ten years. The researches was classified as documental, considering that, to make possible the accomplishment of the same, the files of Regional Council of Engineering, Architecture and Agronomy of Goiás were analyzed -Crea/GO, with a total sample of 545 reports. It was observed that most of the processes are concerning the last seven years. This Organ was chosen by the fact that all of the technical documents are elaborated by professionals, and, mainly, for Official Organ to be considered. The Method of the Incidence was adopted as methodology recommended for this study observing that in the reports and decisions, elaborated by Crea-GO doesn't be in the number of occurrences of a same pathology and yes only the incidence of the same. The main conclusions of this research were: the main pathological manifestation was found in the foundations repression with a rate of 37.50% followed by collapse with a rate of 22.50%, both in relation to all the pathologies found in the foundation stage, the main pathological manifestation found in stage structure were the cracks with an index of 32.14% compared to all the pathologies found in stage design, regardless of the number executed and the second structural pathological manifestation found in step structure was the structural deformation with an index 19.84% as compared to all the pathologies found in stage design, regardless of the structural piece performed, the building of single-family residential use were the same who had diseases with a rate of 47.50%, followed by residential conference with 35 %, 77.50% of the buildings showed that diseases were carried out by private tutors and, for the buildings surveyed 40% had impairment evaluation of use of buildings facing the diseases occurred in moderate severity, and the rate for high severity was 5%. The disease occurred in low gravity, 45%, most pathological manifestations of both the foundation and structure, occurred in the first year of age of the building. 52.17% in the foundation and concrete structure in 40% of the buildings surveyed, 35% caused damage to neighboring buildings, and 53.49% of this damage occurred within the first year after completion of the work, and the buildings with an area of 5001 m² to 10,000 m² which caused the highest percentage of damage, and the recklessness and incompetence were more technical errors committed by professionals with rates of 32.50% each, followed by neglect of index 22.50 %.
O principal objetivo desta pesquisa é proceder ao levantamento dos índices, identificar as patologias e caracterizar as edificações que apresentaram ocorrências de manifestações patológicas em fundações e estruturas nas edificações executadas no Estado de Goiás, com idade de até dez anos. Pesquisa essa, classificada como documental, considerando que, para viabilizar a realização da mesma, foram analisados os arquivos do Conselho Regional de Engenharia, Arquitetura e Agronomia de Goiás - Crea/GO, com uma amostra total de 545 relatórios. Observou-se que a maioria dos processos são referentes aos últimos sete anos. Este Órgão foi escolhido pelo fato de que todos os documentos técnicos são elaborados por profissionais, e, principalmente, por ser considerado Órgão Oficial. O Método da Incidência foi adotado como metodologia recomendada para este estudo ao observar que nos relatórios e laudos, elaborados pelo Crea-GO não constam o número de ocorrências de uma mesma patologia e sim somente a incidência da mesma. As principais conclusões desta pesquisa foram: a principal manifestação patológica encontrada nas fundações foi o recalque com um índice de 37,50% seguida de desmoronamento com um índice de 22,50%, ambas em relação à todas as manifestações patológicas encontradas na etapa de fundações; a principal manifestação patológica encontrada na etapa de estrutura foram as fissuras com um índice geral de 32,14% em relação à todas as manifestações patológicas encontradas na etapa de estrutura, independentemente da peça estrutural executada e a segunda manifestação patológica encontrada na etapa de estrutura foi a deformação estrutural com um índice de 19,84% em relação à todas as manifestações patológicas encontradas na etapa de estrutura, independentemente da peça estrutural executada; as edificações de uso residencial unifamiliar foram as que mais apresentaram patologias com um índice de 47,50%, seguidas da residencial coletiva com 35%; 77,50% das edificações que apresentaram patologias, foram executadas por profissionais autônomos; em relação às edificações pesquisadas 40% tiveram a avaliação do comprometimento de uso das edificações frente às patologias ocorridas de gravidade moderada, sendo que o índice para alta gravidade foi de 5%. A maior ocorrência foi a de baixa gravidade com 45%; a maioria das manifestações patológicas, tanto da fundação quanto da estrutura, ocorreram no primeiro ano de idade da edificação. Na fundação 52,17% e na estrutura de concreto armado em 40%; das construções pesquisadas, 35% causaram danos nas edificações vizinhas, sendo que 53,49% destes danos ocorreram até o primeiro ano após a conclusão da obra, sendo que as construções com área entre 5001 m² a 10000 m² foram as que causaram o maior percentual de danos; e a imprudência e a imperícia foram os erros técnicos mais cometidos por profissionais com índices de 32,50% cada um, seguidos da negligência com índice de 22,50%.
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Bispo, Danilo Gustavo. "A teoria da computação de Alan Turing." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2018. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/21265.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
The present work aims to expose the study of some aspects that permeated the emergence of Computing Theory of Alan Mathison Turing at the beginning of the 20th century. According to previous research, it is suggested that this occurred in part, due to a theoretical consequence of the development of mathematics. At the end of the nineteenth century there was an effort expended by some thinkers whose aim was to clarify the nature of truth in mathematics, a problem put in sharp evidence by the turbulent stage in the development of mathematical thinking between about 1870 and 1940 with the emergence of new types of geometry. This stage can also be interpreted as "the crisis of fundamentals" and visualized as the outcome of the development phase corresponding to the emergence of contemporary science. Within this context, the idea will now be to broaden the research to identify details of the projects that were not successful but that also had their contribution or influenced in some way the emergence of the theory that established key concepts for the digital computer model
O presente trabalho tem como objetivo expor o estudo de alguns aspectos que permearam o surgimento da Teoria da Computação de Alan Mathison Turing no início do século XX. De acordo com pesquisa, sugere-se que isso tenha ocorrido em parte, devido a uma consequência teórica do desenvolvimento da matemática. No final do século XIX houve um esforço despendido por parte de alguns pensadores cujo o intuito estava em clarificar a natureza da verdade em matemática, problema posto em aguda evidência pela turbulenta etapa no desenvolvimento do pensamento matemático ocorrido entre aproximadamente 1870 e 1940 com o surgimento de novos tipos de geometria. Esta etapa também pode ser interpretada como "a crise dos fundamentos" e visualizada como o desfecho da fase de desenvolvimento correspondente ao surgimento da ciência contemporânea. Dentro deste contexto, a ideia será agora ampliar a investigação procurando identificar detalhes dos projetos que não foram bem-sucedidos, mas que também tiveram sua contribuição ou influenciaram de algum modo o surgimento da teoria que estabeleceu conceitos chave para o modelo do computador digital
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López, Rossana Herrera. "Aplicação da mecânica de fratura à análise de fundações de barragens de concreto fundadas em rocha." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18132/tde-15032006-093646/.
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O presente trabalho de pesquisa está relacionado à análise do progresso do fraturamento na zona tracionada de fundações rochosas de barragens de concreto e suas conseqüências nas avaliações de estabilidade global. Tomou-se como exemplo a barragem de Porto Primavera de propriedade da CESP (Companhia Energética de São Paulo), situada entre os estados de São Paulo e Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Com a ajuda de modelos elaborados com elementos finitos e sob a ótica da mecânica da fratura não linear e da mecânica do dano, analisa-se o desenvolvimento da fratura mediante uma avaliação iterativa tensão-deformação e carga hidráulica. Devido ao carregamento progressivo de água, realiza-se a análise iterativa baseada no avanço da fratura e na aplicação de pressão hidráulica, até quando a fratura deixa de progredir. A simulação numérica proposta tem o objetivo de estudar o desenvolvimento de fraturas, determinar as deformações ocorridas sob a ação das forças de empuxo d'água, de subpressão, do peso próprio e das pressões de água na fratura do maciço rochoso fraturado. As deformações calculadas são comparadas com registros da instrumentação na fundação efetuados durante o enchimento do reservatório, o que permitirá o ajuste dos parâmetros adotados na simulação, assim como estabelecer as reais características da fundaçãoThis study is related to the analysis of crack propagation in the tensioned zone of concrete dam foundation. The example of Porto Primavera dam owned by CESP (São Paulo State Power Company) Brazil is presented. Fracture growth is analyzed by mean iterative stress-strain and hydraulic head analysis with codes based on finite elements incorporating non-linear fracture mechanics and damage models. Due to progressive load of water, a step-by-step analysis is performed, based on the development of fracture and application of forces due of hydraulic pressure. The proposed numerical simulation has the purpose of studying the development of fracture, determining deformations due to the action of uplift pressure, self-weight and hydraulic pressure on the fracture walls. The computed deformations are compared with instrumentation data, obtained during the impoundment of the reservoir, from devices installed in the foundation, which will allow to adjust the adopted parameters in the simulation and to determine the real characteristics of the foundation
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Kamp, Hermann. "Memoria und Selbstdarstellung : die Stiftungen des burgundischen Kanzlers Rolin /." Sigmaringen : J. Thorbecke, 1993. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37017821d.
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