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Journal articles on the topic 'Dams – Foundations'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

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1

Zhang, Liaojun, Tianxiao Ma, Hanyun Zhang, and Dongsheng Chen. "Dynamic Stability Discrimination Method for Concrete Dam under Complex Geological Conditions." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2019 (December 19, 2019): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3702712.

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The instability of dams will bring immeasurable personal and property losses to the downstream, so it has always been a trendy topic worthy of investigation. Currently, the rigid body limit equilibrium method is the most commonly used method for the dynamic stability analysis of dams. However, under the action of earthquakes, the instability of the integral dam-foundation system threatens the safety of the dams and is of great concern. In this paper, a stability analysis method that can reflect the complex geological structural forms of dam foundations is proposed in this paper. The advantages are that this method deals with the difficulty in assuming sliding surfaces and the lack of quantitative criteria for the dynamic instability analysis of dams with complex geological structural forms of dam foundations. In addition, through the method, the sliding channels that may appear in the dam foundations can be automatically searched under random earthquake action, and the safety factors of the dynamic instability of dams be quantitatively obtained. Taking a high RCC gravity dam under construction in China as an example, the proposed method is applied to the three-dimensional finite element model of the dam-foundation system of this dam, and then the dynamic stability calculation is carried out. Through this method, the formation process of the dam foundation’s plastic zone and the failure of sliding channels with different strength reduction coefficients are studied on and analyzed detailedly, and the quantitative acquisition of the safety factors is realized. The results show that the method is reasonable and feasible, and helps provide a new idea and method for the dynamic stability analysis of dams.

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2

Karlson, A. A. "Horizontal displacements of rock foundations of dams." Hydrotechnical Construction 21, no. 2 (February 1987): 100–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01424913.

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3

Park, DongSoon, and Tadahiro Kishida. "Seismic Response of Embankment Dams Based on Recorded Strong-Motion Data in Japan." Earthquake Spectra 35, no. 2 (May 2019): 955–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/042918eqs107m.

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It is important to investigate strong-motion time series recorded at dams to understand their complex seismic responses. This paper develops a strong-motion database recorded at existing embankment dams and analyzes correlations between dam dynamic responses and ground-motion parameters. The Japan Commission on Large Dams database used here includes 190 recordings at the crests and foundations of 60 dams during 54 earthquakes from 1978 to 2012. Seismic amplifications and fundamental periods from recorded time series were computed and examined by correlation with shaking intensities and dam geometries. The peak ground acceleration (PGA) at the dam crest increases as the PGA at the foundation bedrock increases, but their ratio gradually decreases. The fundamental period broadly increases with the dam height and PGA at the foundation bedrock. The nonlinear dam response becomes more apparent as the PGA at the foundation bedrock becomes >0.2 g. The prediction models of these correlations are proposed for estimating the seismic response of embankment dams, which can inform the preliminary design stage.

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4

Yamaguchi, Y., and N. Matsumoto. "Permeability evaluation of soft-rock foundations for dams." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Ground Improvement 3, no. 3 (July 1999): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/gi.1999.030302.

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5

Gu, Hao, Zhongru Wu, Xiaofei Huang, and Jintao Song. "Zoning Modulus Inversion Method for Concrete Dams Based on Chaos Genetic Optimization Algorithm." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/817241.

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For dams and rock foundations of ages, the actual mechanical parameters sometimes differed from the design and the experimental values. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out the inversion analysis on main physical and mechanical parameters of dams and rock foundations. However, only the integrated deformation modulus can be inversed by utilizing the conventional inversion method, and it does not meet the actual situation. Therefore, a new method is developed in this paper to inverse the actual initial zoning deformation modulus and to determine the inversion objective function for the actual zoning deformation modulus, based on the dam displacement measured data and finite element calculation results. Furthermore, based on the chaos genetic optimization algorithm, the inversion method for zoning deformation modulus of dam, dam foundation and, reservoir basin is proposed. Combined with the project case, the feasibility and validity of the proposed method are verified.

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6

YAMAGUCHI, Yoshikazu, and Noboru OKABE. "Deformability Evaluation of Soft Rock Foundations for Dams Considering." Journal of the Japan Society of Engineering Geology 41, no. 3 (2000): 141–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5110/jjseg.41.141.

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7

Kalustyan, �. S. "Lessons from failures of concrete dams on rock foundations." Hydrotechnical Construction 29, no. 2 (February 1995): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01545000.

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8

Mgalobelov, Yu B. "On the mating between concrete dams and rock foundations." Hydrotechnical Construction 32, no. 8 (August 1998): 452–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02905979.

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9

Bretas, Eduardo M., José V. Lemos, and Paulo B. Lourenço. "Hydromechanical Analysis of Masonry Gravity Dams and their Foundations." Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering 46, no. 2 (September 7, 2012): 327–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00603-012-0305-3.

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10

Huang, Bingzhao, and Shengping Gu. "Design of Small, Hard-Shell Overflow Dams on Compressible Foundations." Journal of Energy Engineering 124, no. 1 (April 1998): 20–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9402(1998)124:1(20).

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11

Goodman, Richard E., and Chris Powell. "Investigations of Blocks in Foundations and Abutments of Concrete Dams." Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 129, no. 2 (February 2003): 105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-0241(2003)129:2(105).

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12

Karlson, A. A. "Methods of geodetic measurements of the foundations of high dams." Hydrotechnical Construction 19, no. 6 (June 1985): 264–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02028556.

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13

Liu, Shuang, Qing Wen Ren, and Chen Lu Zhou. "Numerical Research on the Gravity Dam Deep Anti-Sliding with Engineering Mechanics Based on Damage Theory." Advanced Materials Research 910 (March 2014): 289–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.910.289.

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Currently, researches on the gravity dam deep and shallow anti-sliding stability mainly focus on the analysis method and instability criterion, while the studies on specifically test the breakage of gravity dams due to weakening foundation rock mass and structural planes under loading are rare. Based on damage mechanics theory, this paper established a numerical model that analyzed the damage failure process of dam foundation rock mass. Taking two typical gravity dam models as the study objects, the damage processes of the dam foundations were simulated dynamically. Additionally, a comparison with other two traditional methods further validated the correctness and feasibility of the numerical model. In sum, the study findings point out that the numerical model is not only applicable to the study of the breakage mechanism of dam foundation rock mass, but also can be used as a new method to analyze problems related to deep anti-sliding stability of gravity dams.

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14

Gimenes, Evandro, and Gabriel Fernández. "Hydromechanical analysis of flow behavior in concrete gravity dam foundations." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 43, no. 3 (March 1, 2006): 244–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t05-095.

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A key requirement in the evaluation of sliding stability of new and existing concrete gravity dams is the prediction of the distribution of pore pressure and shear strength in foundation joints and discontinuities. This paper presents a methodology for evaluating the hydromechanical behavior of concrete gravity dams founded on jointed rock. The methodology consisted of creating a database of observed dam behavior throughout typical cycles of reservoir filling and simulating this behavior with a distinct element method (DEM) numerical model. Once the model is validated, variations of key parameters including lithology, in situ stress, joint geometry, and joint characteristics can be incorporated in the analysis. A site-specific simulation of a typical reservoir cycle was carried out for Albigna Dam, Switzerland, founded on granitic rock, to assess the nature of the flow regime in the rock foundations and to evaluate the potential for sliding surfaces other than the damrock interface to develop. The factor of safety against sliding of various rock wedges of differing geometry present within the dam foundations was also evaluated using the DEM model and conventional analytical procedures. Estimates of crack propagation patterns and corresponding uplift pressures and factors of safety against sliding along the damrock interface obtained with the DEM were also compared with those from simplified procedures currently used in engineering practice. It was found that in a jointed rock, foundation uplift estimates after crack development obtained from present design guidelines can be too conservative and result in factors of safety that are too low and do not correspond to the observed behavior.Key words: hydromechanical, jointed rock, flow, dam design.

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15

Aniskin, N. A., A. S. Antonov, Y. B. Mgalobelov, and A. V. Deyneko. "Studying the filtration mode of large dams’ foundations on mathematical models." Vestnik MGSU, no. 10 (October 2014): 114–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2014.10.114-131.

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16

Mgalobelov, Yu B. "Consideration of uplift in calculations of concrete dams on rock foundations." Hydrotechnical Construction 32, no. 2 (February 1998): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02905860.

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17

Massiéra, Michel. "Utilisation des parois moulées en béton comme rideaux d'étanchéité des fondations de barrages en terre et en enrochement." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 18, no. 4 (August 1, 1991): 590–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l91-072.

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At La Grande Complex, Quebec, Phase 1, earth and rockfill dams and dykes were constructed, in some cases, on pervious foundations and required deep impervious cutoffs (concrete cast-in-place walls) to bedrock. This paper describes the different construction phases of these concrete cast-in-place walls with emphasis on construction control and special construction problems. Key words: dam, construction, cutoff, excavation, foundations, bentonite, concrete cast-in-place wall, treatment.

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18

BRUCE, D. A., T. L. DREESE, and D. M. HEENAN. "Design, Construction, and Performance of Seepage Barriers for Dams on Carbonate Foundations." Environmental and Engineering Geoscience 16, no. 3 (August 1, 2010): 183–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gseegeosci.16.3.183.

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19

SALEH, S., and S. P. G. MADABHUSHI. "RESPONSE OF CONCRETE DAMS ON RIGID AND SOIL FOUNDATIONS UNDER EARTHQUAKE LOADING." Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami 04, no. 03 (September 2010): 251–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793431110000820.

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Dynamic response of dams under earthquake loading depends on their foundation stiffness. Additional hydrodynamic pressures are generated not only by the ground motions but also due to the dynamic response of the dam to the ground motions. The magnitude and distribution of hydrodynamic pressures vary and these effect the deformation of dam which in turn influences the pressure. This paper aims at investigating the effect of dam–foundation interaction on the dynamic response and consequent development of hydrodynamic pressure on dam face using dynamic centrifuge modelling technique. From a series of centrifuge tests it was found that the inclusion of a flexible foundation significantly reduces the dynamic response of the dam. Significant correlation was also observed between the dynamic response of dams and the hydrodynamic pressures developed on their faces. Comparisons with theoretical hydrodynamic pressures show that Westergaard's equation gives a conservative estimation of hydrodynamic pressures during most nonresonant vibrations. Comparison with Chopra's method revealed that it severely underpredicts hydrodynamic pressures for low reservoir depths. However, it yields a reasonably good approximation of the hydrodynamic pressures for higher depth of reservoirs during nonresonant vibration.

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20

Bruce, Donald A. "Design, construction and performance of seepage barriers for dams on carbonate foundations." Carbonates and Evaporites 28, no. 1-2 (December 11, 2012): 229–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13146-012-0095-4.

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21

Chugh, Ashok K., and Luther W. Davidson. "Analysis of foundation settlements at Ridgway Dam." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 25, no. 4 (November 1, 1988): 716–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t88-082.

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The foundation material at the Ridgway Dam site is broadly classified as mudstone. The observed foundation settlements along the invert of the river outlet-works conduit at Ridgway Dam are on the order of 0.3 m. Numerical analyses were performed to estimate the deformation properties for a foundation material that under the existing embankment loads would deflect in a manner similar to the settlements surveyed along the invert of the outlet-works conduit. The foundation deformation properties determined from these analyses are compared with those obtained through the laboratory testing of the site-specific foundation materials and the published data. The results of the analyses, the field instrumentation data, the site geology, and the laboratory data provided an input to the decision-making process for the rehabilitation of the river outlet- works conduit. Key words: foundations, settlements, embankment dams, mudstones, analysis.

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22

NAKAMURA, Yasuo. "Possible fault displacements in dam foundations. Part 1. Examples of faulting near dams." Journal of the Japan Society of Engineering Geology 31, no. 4 (1990): 207–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5110/jjseg.31.207.

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23

Al-Homoud, Azm S., and Najat Tanash. "Modeling uncertainty in stability analysis for design of embankment dams on difficult foundations." Engineering Geology 71, no. 3-4 (February 2004): 323–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0013-7952(03)00144-3.

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24

Zhang, Ting, Chuan Li, Xiu Zhong Du, and Yun Ji Yu. "Anti-Seepage Technology for a Sluice Foundation on Soft Soil." Applied Mechanics and Materials 638-640 (September 2014): 384–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.638-640.384.

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To meet the requirements of foundation bearing capacity, end bearing piles are adopted by most of the Sluices built on soft soil foundations. However, after the completion of the sluice, there will be settlements on both sides of the backfill, which will result in base cavity, form water seepage channels, and endanger the buildings and dams. In this paper, a new steel sheet pile diaphragm wall scheme is proposed to resit seepages under this situation. Steel sheet pile diaphragm walls are disposed on the river side of the building and connected with the chamber floor to prevent wound infiltration and sliding sideways. The practical results show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

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25

Khakimova, G. Kh. "Deformations of rock foundations of high concrete dams in canyons during filling of reservoirs." Hydrotechnical Construction 20, no. 4 (April 1986): 204–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01428949.

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26

Wan, Chi Fai, and Robin Fell. "Assessing the Potential of Internal Instability and Suffusion in Embankment Dams and Their Foundations." Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 134, no. 3 (March 2008): 401–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-0241(2008)134:3(401).

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27

Aniskin, Nikolay Alekseevich, and Anton Sergeevich Antonov. "Studding of Geo-Seepage Mode of Large Dams Foundations with Allowance Failure Antifiltering Elements." Advanced Materials Research 1079-1080 (December 2014): 272–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1079-1080.272.

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In this paper authors haveconsidered potentially possible causes of failures in filtration mode offoundation. Methods of calculated prediction of abnormal seepage processesparameters have been considered.

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28

Stille, H., G. Gustafson, and L. Hassler. "Application of New Theories and Technology for Grouting of Dams and Foundations on Rock." Geotechnical and Geological Engineering 30, no. 3 (April 17, 2012): 603–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10706-012-9512-7.

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29

Tetel'min, V. V., and V. A. Ulyashinskii. "Refined model of the effect of a reservoir on rock foundations of high dams." Hydrotechnical Construction 23, no. 2 (February 1989): 115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01427938.

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30

Meng, Ling Yu, and Haruyuki Yamamoto. "Study on Foundation Behavior due to Seepage Force of Groundwater." Applied Mechanics and Materials 170-173 (May 2012): 199–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.170-173.199.

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Along with the vigorous developing construction in the world, the number of various underground engineerings is greatly increasing, such as the foundations of subways, tunnels, dams and high-rise buildings etc., where the attention is always paid to the seepage behavior in the soil around the structures. Seepage flow can lead to both horizontal and vertical displacement, but ground behaviors due to seepage force in traditional methods were rarely considered. In this paper, a 3D analysis is made on the foundation behavior due to seepage force of groundwater. The model uses the finite element method to study the problem and the model implemented by FORTRAN code is applied to predict the flow velocity distribution and deformation results of the simulated domain. The analysis shows that horizontal deformation caused by seepage flow plays a very important role in deformation field, which may lead to toppling behavior to the foundation of high-rise buildings.

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31

YAMAGUCHI, Yoshikazu, and Norihisa MATSUMOTO. "Permeability of soft rock foundations for dams and Lugeon water test using low injection pressure." Journal of Groundwater Hydrology 36, no. 3 (1994): 275–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5917/jagh1987.36.275.

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32

Farinha, Maria Luísa Braga, Laura Caldeira, and Emanuel Maranha das Neves. "Limit state design approach for the safety evaluation of the foundations of concrete gravity dams." Structure and Infrastructure Engineering 11, no. 10 (October 3, 2014): 1306–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15732479.2014.964265.

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33

Bretas, Eduardo M., Pierre Léger, and José V. Lemos. "3D stability analysis of gravity dams on sloped rock foundations using the limit equilibrium method." Computers and Geotechnics 44 (June 2012): 147–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2012.04.006.

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34

KIMATA, Hiroyuki, Hideyuki HORII, and Mahmoud YAZDANI. "SEISMIC SAFETY EVALUATION OF CONCRETE ARCH DAMS AGAINST EARTHQUAKE-INDUCED FAILURE OF JOINTED ROCK FOUNDATIONS." Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. A1 (Structural Engineering ^|^ Earthquake Engineering (SE/EE)) 69, no. 4 (2013): I_9—I_19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscejseee.69.i_9.

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35

Wen, Lifeng, Junrui Chai, Zengguang Xu, Yuan Qin, and Yanlong Li. "Comparative and Numerical Analyses of Response of Concrete Cutoff Walls of Earthen Dams on Alluvium Foundations." Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 145, no. 10 (October 2019): 04019069. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)gt.1943-5606.0002132.

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36

Ivanov, V. G. "Height Deformations of the Foundations of Concrete Dams in the aspect of stability of bench marks." Hydrotechnical Construction 31, no. 10 (October 1997): 612–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02767275.

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37

NEZHAD, S. REZA HASHEMI, and HAMID REZA VOSOUGHIFAR. "SOLUTION ARRANGEMENT EFFECT ON LINE-BY-LINE METHOD'S ACCURACY IN ANALYSIS OF DAM'S FOUNDATION." International Journal of Computational Methods 08, no. 03 (September 2011): 583–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021987621100268x.

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Line-by-line (LBL) solution method is a numerical and semidirect method, which can be applied for solving algebraic equation set resulted from discretization. In this article, the effect of solution arrangement of the grids (SAG) on accuracy of diffusion equation's solution has been investigated. First of all, diffusion equation had been discrete by finite volume method; in the second place, MATLAB software has been exploited for writing a code for solving algebraic equation set by using LBL solution method with alternative SAG. In the third place, for examining the effect of SAG, water seepage through foundations of several concrete dams was modeled with this code. In addition, these dams were modeled in SEEP/W 2004 and PHASE2 6.0 software, as support. Finally, we drew an analogy between the results by Mann–Whitney U statistical test with SPSS 14 software. Comparison of the results revealed that SAGs have affected P-value up to 39%. As a result, the most accurate SAGs had been decided by the problem geometry. Furthermore, the result of the finite volume and finite element methods had no statistical by significant difference. Moreover, convergence and convergence path had been dictated by problem geometry and SAGs.

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38

Qiu, Zhenfeng, Ting Cao, Yongsuo Li, Junjie Wang, and Yulong Chen. "Rheological Behavior and Modeling of a Crushed Sandstone-Mudstone Particle Mixture." Processes 6, no. 10 (October 16, 2018): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr6100192.

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A mixture of sandstone and mudstone particles is often used as the main filling material for many agriculture-related and civil engineering projects, including rock-fill dams and foundations. The long-term rheological deformation experienced by rock-fill dams and foundations filled with this mixture is much bigger than that of coarse-grained and cohesive soils, due to the deterioration and softening of the mudstone particles. This study focuses on the rheological deformation of a sandstone-mudstone particle mixture, prepared by mixing sandstone and mudstone particles, based on the content by weight of four mudstone particle types. Confined uniaxial compression tests were performed to test the rheological deformation of 24 samples of the mixture, and a stress-strain curve was obtained for each test. On the basis of compression curves, the rheological process of the mixture was divided into four phases: linear, attenuation rheological, secondary attenuation rheological and stable phases. The three defining features of the curve, namely the rheological attenuation factors, attenuation rheology critical strain and limited rheological strain, were then determined and modeled. A segmented rheological model was then proposed, based on a modified attenuation rheological constitutive model for coarse-grained soil. The modelled results compared well with the experimental data, and the modelled compression-curve prediction was able to describe the two-stage attenuation rheology features (attenuation rheological and secondary attenuation rheological phases) of the sandstone-mudstone particle mixture.

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39

Aniskin, Nikolay A., and Nguyen Trong Chuc. "The problem of temperature cracking in concrete gravity dams." Vestnik MGSU, no. 3 (March 2020): 380–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2020.3.380-398.

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Introduction. The concreting of solid structures, such as concrete dams, bridge constructions, foundations of buildings and structures, is accompanied by exothermic heating, caused by cement hydration. Heat, emitted by mass concrete blocks, slowly leaves constructions. A substantial temperature difference frequently arises between the solid concrete centre and its surface. If this temperature difference reaches a critical value, thermal cracking occurs, which destroys structural continuity. Temperature problems and those associated with thermal stress state should be resolved to pre-assess and prevent potential cracking. This problem has enjoyed the attention of specialists, and it has been the subject of numerous research projects. Materials and methods. The overview is based on the information about implemented research projects focused on the thermal cracking of mass concrete dams and its prevention. Computer modeling techniques were applied to develop a mathematical model capable of projecting and assessing the potential cracking of mass concrete. Results. The co-authors have compiled an overview of advanced approaches to the assessment of potential thermal crack formation, contemporary problem-solving methods and selected research findings obtained using the finite element method. The co-authors offer a thermal behaviour/thermal stress state projection methodology for solid concrete, as well as a thermal crack formation assessment methodology. Conclusions. The thermal cracking problem has not been solved yet. The proposed methodology and a projection-oriented numerical model can be used as a reference by civil engineers in the process of designing and constructing concrete gravity dams. It may help to reduce cracking probability caused by heat evolution in cement.

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40

Marchuk, A. N., and N. A. Marchuk. "Fluid Hydraulics as a Sensor of Changes in the Stress Field in the Foundations of Large Dams." Power Technology and Engineering 54, no. 3 (September 2020): 305–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10749-020-01206-x.

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41

Ferdousi, A. "Seismic performance of arch dams on non-homogeneous and discontinuous foundations (a case study: Karun 4 Dam)." International Journal of Advanced Structural Engineering 9, no. 2 (May 31, 2017): 191–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40091-017-0158-9.

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42

Lach, Stanisław, and Leszek Opyrchał. "Using the modified scalar product approach for testing the direction of seepage through the earth-fill dam in Pieczyska." Journal of Water and Land Development 33, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jwld-2017-0023.

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Abstract Currently, the problems related to the development of seepage are emerging more and more frequently. For this reason, there is a constant need to improve the existing methods, and to develop new ones, for determining the direction and intensity of the development of seepage processes occurring in earth-fill dams and their foundations. The analysed earth-fill dam is located in Pieczyska in the Kujawy-Pomerania province at 49.115 km from the river mouth of the Brda River. The catchment area is 4.109 km2. The article aims to verify the non-invasive, non-subjective method for examining the direction of seepage through earth-fill dams using the modified scalar product approach, which allows to determine the direction and intensity of the seepage process. A proper analysis of this process can greatly reduce the repair costs (injections or other methods of sealing), and significantly increase the safety of the existing earth-fill dams. In the case of the dam in Pieczyska, in 2010–2015, the two piezometers (located on the left abutment of the dam and denoted as P15A and P60) exhibited a direct hydraulic connection with the upstream water level (the scalar product approach). For the study dam, the “source” piezometer (to which all the piezometers in its surrounding exhibited similar changes in water levels) turned out to be the piezometer P15A. This fact was confirmed both by the number of connections between the individual piezometers and the resulting system of equipotential lines for the dam.

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43

Kramer, Matthias, and Stefan Felder. "Remote Sensing of Aerated Flows at Large Dams: Proof of Concept." Remote Sensing 13, no. 14 (July 19, 2021): 2836. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13142836.

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Dams are important for flood mitigation, water supply, and hydroelectricity. Every dam has a water conveyance structure, such as a spillway, to safely release extreme floods when needed. The flows down spillways are often self-aerated and spillway design has typically been investigated in laboratory experiments, which is due to limitations in suitable full scale flow measurement instrumentation and safety considerations. Prototype measurements of aerated flows are urgently needed to quantify potential scale effects and to provide missing validation data for design guidelines and numerical simulations. Herein, an image-based analysis of free-surface flows on a stepped spillway was conducted from a top-view perspective at laboratory scale (fixed camera installation) and prototype scale (drone footage). The drone videos were obtained from citizen science data. Analyses allowed to remotely estimate the location of the inception point of free-surface aeration, air–water surface velocities, and their fluctuations, as well as the residual energy at the downstream end of the chute. The laboratory results were successfully validated against intrusive phase-detection probe data, while the prototype observations provided proof of concept at full scale. This study highlights the feasibility of image-based measurements at prototype spillways. It demonstrates how citizen science data can be used to advance our understanding of real world air–water flow processes and lays the foundations for the remote collection of long-missing prototype data.

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Slobodianyk, H. V., and K. Z. Shokot. "STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF GEOTEXTILE MATERIALS DURING CONSTRUCTION OF DAMS." Bulletin of Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, no. 83 (June 4, 2021): 112–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31650/2415-377x-2021-83-112-121.

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One of the real and promising ways to expand the range and types of structures for strengthening the slopes of embankments and dams is the use of geotextile materials. In the structures under consideration, they can perform protective, filtering, separating, reinforcing functions and moreover they improve the working conditions of the soil and layers of road pavements on the sides of the road and in the slope parts, increasing their stability. The use of geotextiles makes it possible to develop technically and economically effective design solutions. As the analysis of literature data has shown, soil reinforcement is an effective method for increasing the bearing capacity of foundations at a relatively low cost. Therefore, research, both theoretical and experimental, the development and creation of computational models taking into account the influence of reinforcing elements is an urgent problem. The paper considers the stress-strain state of a bulk dam without and with two options for the location of geotextiles. On the basis of the carried out numerical modeling, it is shown how when using geotextiles, the bearing capacity of a structure increases, while the volume of materials decreases. At the second stage, on the basis of the calculations, the optimal variant of the location of the geotextile material in the body of the structure was selected with the best technical and economic indicators. The research results show that when reinforcing the embankment with open clips in two rows – in the upper and lower parts-the smallest horizontal and vertical movements are obtained at almost the same total stresses. At the same time, the required value of the resistance coefficient is achieved, and the volume of soil is reduced. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of geotextile materials can reduce the cost of basic building materials while increasing operational characteristics and extending the service life of the structure.

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Gabibov, Fahraddin G., Eraly M. Shokbarov, and Leila F. Habibova. "Use of recycled tires for earthquake protection of structures." Earthquake Engineering. Construction Safety, no. 3 (June 25, 2021): 28–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37153/2618-9283-2021-3-28-40.

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The article presents numerous structures of earthquake-resistant foundations that have been developed by the authors and other engineers over the past more than 30 years, in which recycled metal-cord tires are used. The designs of dynamic dampers of dynamic vibrations, in which the containers for bulk fillers are made of recycled tires, are presented. Recycled tires are also effectively used in the creation of earthquake shields, as well as reinforcing elements and seismic insulation layers of earthquake-resistant ground dams. In all the above-mentioned technical solutions, the earthquake resistance of buildings and structures is achieved due to the unique geometric and physico-chemical-mechanical properties of recycled rubber tires with a metal cord.

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Zertsalov, M. G., and V. V. Tolstikov. "Consideration of the elastoplastic behavior of concrete dams and rock foundations in calculations with the use of the finite-element method." Hydrotechnical Construction 22, no. 8 (August 1988): 487–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01432218.

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Leonov, M. P. "Activation of unloading of deep zones of rock foundations of high dams under the effect of a reservoir and other factors." Hydrotechnical Construction 32, no. 4 (April 1998): 227–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02918732.

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Hussin, Hamzah, Mohd Hariri Ariffin, Mohd Amir Asyraf Sulaiman, and Nurhazren Fauzi. "Effectiveness of 2-D Resistivity Survey to Identify Lineament (Fault) from Photolineament Interpretation – Case Study at Kampung Dato’ Mufti, Ampang, Selangor." Journal of Tropical Resources and Sustainable Science (JTRSS) 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.47253/jtrss.v5i1.644.

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Lineaments play an important role in the stability of structures such as slopes, foundations, dams and buildings. Identification of the presence of lineament is important especially at planning and construction stage to enable mitigation measures/controls can selected earlier. The combined techniques of satellite image downloaded from Google Earth interpretation and electrical resistivity survey can assist in the identification and verification process of lineament structures. In this study, interpretation of lineament was done using satellite images Google Earth in the laboratory. Orientation and position of every lineament was determined accurately in the field. Electrical resistivity survey was conducted using Wanner configuration that cross the lineament in the field. The electrical resistivity results showed the presence of lineament structural in the pseudo section and prove the effectiveness of combination of both techniques to detect and confirm the presence of structural lineament.

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Ratnawati. "Pengaruh Jenis Material Pipa Pendingin Terhadap Distribusi Temperatur di Dalam Beton Yang Didinginkan dengan Sistem Post Cooling." Jurnal Teknik Juara Aktif Global Optimis 1, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.53620/jtg.v1i1.6.

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Mass concrete is a concrete casting with a large enough volume, usually used for foundations, bridges,dams and so on. The heat of hydration in the mass concrete causes a temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the concrete surface. This can cause cracks in the concrete,where the temperature inside the concrete has a higher temperature rise than the outer surface yhat is in contact with the environment. One way to control the temperature of the concrete is to use a post cooling system.Post cooling system design requires knowledge of temperatur distribution in concrete. The research was conducted by varying the cooling pipe materials used,namely steel,PVC,and PEX where the cooling water discharge and temperatur were constant.The result of the research that have been carried out show that with the same cooling water discharge and temperature,concrete with PVC cooling has a higher temperature than PEX cooling pipe or steel.

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Sujono, Joko. "Hydrological Analysis of the Situ Gintung Dam Failure." Journal of Disaster Research 7, no. 5 (October 1, 2012): 590–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2012.p0590.

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Early on the morning ofMarch 27, 2009, the Situ Gintung dam, located near Jakarta, Indonesia, and with an catchment area of 3.1 km2, failed and flooded the area below it. This disaster has awakened most of the Indonesian people, especially those who are concerned about hydraulic structures, natural disasters and sustainable water resources management. During the disaster, about 100 people died and a number of people went missing. There are hundreds of dams like the Situ Gintung dam and other big dams have been built in Indonesia. Most of these dams pose a high potential hazard to life and property if a failure or levee breach occurs. Dam failures may occur at different locations such as spillway, embankments and foundations. The failure may occur as a result of a number of problems such as overtopping, surface erosion, and piping. Dam failures due to spillway problems may occur, for instance, as a result of inadequate spillway capacity (overtopping) or spillway loss by erosion (surface erosion). In this study, the Situ Gintung dam failure has been analyzed based on hydrology analysis. Results show that heavy monsoon rainfall was not the main cause of the situ Gintung dam failure. The daily rainfall on March 26, 2009, was 113 mm that equal to a 10 year return period. Reservoir routing shows that there was no overtopping during March 27, 2009, flood, the maximum water depth on the spillway is 0.63 m. Assuming that maintenance was done well, the spillway was still safe under a 100 year return period with the maximum water level is +98.95 m. It means that the embankment was still safe with 1.05 m freeboard. Due to high water flow velocity, however, surface erosion may occur at the end of a chute spillway that consists of silt, clay and sand. Continuous scoring/erosion happened throughout the spill over the spillway, which started at around 06:00 pm and lasted until 03.00 am, resulting in a big pond at the chute spillways and surrounding areas. This phenomenon adversely affected the instability of the spillway structure. As a result, the spillway failure occurring resulted high flow discharge that reached more than 425 m3/s.

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