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Journal articles on the topic 'Danish Straits'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Biresselioglu, Mehmet Efe, Muhittin Hakan Demir, and Sinem Dönmez. "Danish Straits versus Turkish Straits: The Potential Impact of Prospective Russian Oil Exports." Romanian Journal for Baltic and Nordic Studies 6, no. 2 (2014): 223–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.53604/rjbns.v16i2_15.

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The Danish Straits, which connect Baltic Sea to North Sea as an oil transit choke point, are becoming vastly important as a gateway to Europe for Russian oil exports. In terms of the future source of Russian oil, the country is estimated to hold half of the total Arctic resources. This indicates the forthcoming increase in the importance of Danish Straits in the global energy security. Besides, two additional alternative and important choke points are located in Turkey, which are the Straits of Bosporus and Dardanelles, known as Turkish Straits. These straits are also one of the significant ex

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2

Oude Elferink, Alex G. "The Regime of Passage Through the Danish Straits." International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 15, no. 4 (2000): 555–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157180800x00244.

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AbstractThe Danish Straits are the main connection between the Baltic Sea and the world oceans. The regime of passage through these straits has been the subject of extensive regulation, raising the question how different applicable instruments interact. Apart from applicable bilateral and multilateral treaties, it is necessary to take into account the practice of Denmark and Sweden and other interested states, and regulatory activities within the framework of the IMO. The Case Concerning Passage Through the Great Belt before the ICJ provides insights into the views of Denmark and Finland. The

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3

Haid, Verena, Emil V. Stanev, Johannes Pein, Joanna Staneva, and Wei Chen. "Secondary circulation in shallow ocean straits: Observations and numerical modeling of the Danish Straits." Ocean Modelling 148 (April 2020): 101585. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2020.101585.

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4

Zakharchuk, Evgenii A., Vladimir N. Sukhachev, and Natalia A. Tikhonova. "Barotropic response of the Baltic Sea dynamic system to sea level fluctuations in the Kattegat strait." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences 68, no. 3 (2023): 528–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu07.2023.306.

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With the help of numerical experiments with a three-dimensional barotropic hydrodynamic model, the response of the level surface of the Baltic Sea to different-scale level disturbances propagating into the Baltic through the Danish straits from the North Sea is studied. For this, 53 harmonic oscillations with amplitudes of 10 cm and periods from 3 hours to 1 year, which in the article are called "external", in contrast to the perturbations of the level inside the sea induced by them. The same amplitudes for all initial oscillations were set so that when analyzing the results, quantitative diff

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Alstrup, Aage Kristian Olsen, Carl Chr Kinze, Natacha Mia Kristensen, et al. "Further Evidence for Breeding White-Beaked Dolphin (Lagenorhynchus albirostris) in Inner Danish Waters." Coasts 4, no. 2 (2024): 226–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coasts4020013.

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The white-beaked dolphin (Lagenorhynchus albirostris) is the second most frequently stranded cetacean species along the Danish coastline. The northern North Sea, the Skagerrak, the Kattegat and the Danish straits are part of the species distributional range. Here, we present eight incidents of breeding activity for the white-beaked dolphin in the inner Danish waters, reviewed from yearly reports made by the National Contingency Plan concerning strandings of marine mammals in Denmark from 2009 to 2023, Danish Wildlife Diseases Surveillance reports from 2014 to 2023 and the citizen science datab

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6

She, Jun, Per Berg, and Jacob Berg. "Bathymetry impacts on water exchange modelling through the Danish Straits." Journal of Marine Systems 65, no. 1-4 (2007): 450–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2006.01.017.

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7

LIPPERT, William. "Conventional Arms Control in the Baltic Sea: A Montreux for the North." BULLETIN OF "CAROL I" NATIONAL DEFENCE UNIVERSITY 14, no. 1 (2025): 52–73. https://doi.org/10.53477/2284-9378-25-04.

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A conventional arms control (CAC) agreement for the Baltic Sea could help stabilize the security relationship, reduce arms racing, and improve diplomatic relations between Russia and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Similar to the Montreux Convention, which governs the passage of naval forces through the Turkish Straits, a CAC agreement focused on the Danish Straits could set limits on the size, type, number, and total tonnage of naval ships that pass through the straits. Additionally, or alternatively, an agreement could set limits on naval vessels based in the Baltic Sea, based

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8

SAYIN, E., and W. KRAUSS. "A numerical study of the water exchange through the Danish Straits." Tellus A 48, no. 2 (1996): 324–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0870.1996.t01-1-00009.x.

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9

Sayin, E., and W. Krauss. "A numerical study of the water exchange through the Danish Straits." Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography 48, no. 2 (1996): 324–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/tellusa.v48i2.12063.

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10

Komorowski, Antoni F., and Iwona Pietkiewicz. "DANISH AND SWEDISH LIGHTSHIPS SERVING TO GUARANTEE THE SAFETY OF THE DANISH STRAITS AREA SEA ROUTES 1820–1988." Studia Maritima 32 (2019): 163–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.18276/sm.2019.32-07.

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11

Boelskifte, S. "The application of fucus vesiculosus as a bioindicator of 60Co concentrations in the Danish Straits." Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 2, no. 3 (1985): 215–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0265-931x(85)90010-4.

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12

Zakharchuk, Evgenii A., Mikhail V. Vinogradov, Vladimir N. Sukhachev, Natalia A. Tikhonova, Vladimir S. Travkin, and Mikhail Iu Uleysky. "Peculiarities of variability of the thermohaline structure and dynamics of the Baltic Sea waters during the appearance and distribution of the Major Baltic Inflow in December 2014." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Earth Sciences 69, no. 4 (2024): 734–63. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu07.2024.407.

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Based on the data of the Baltic Sea Physics Analysis and Forecast (BSPAF) regional reanalysis of hydrophysical fields and instrumental measurements of sea level and salinity, the peculiarities of the variability of oceanographic processes in the Baltic Sea during the spread of the Major Baltic Inflow (MBI) of saline North Sea waters, which occurred in December 2014, are investigated. The maximum sea level difference between the Kattegat and the southwestern Baltic during the Major Baltic Inflow in December 2014 is investigated. It is shown that the 2014 MBI cannot be identified as barotropic,

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13

North, Michael. "The Sea as Site of Memory: The Danish Sound and the Dardanelles in Comparison." Romanian Journal for Baltic and Nordic Studies 6, no. 1 (2014): 65–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.53604/rjbns.v6i1_3.

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This paper introduces the concept of the sea as lieu de mémoire into maritime history. Pierre Nora has developed his „Lieux de mémoire” in France. According to Nora „a lieu de mémoire is any significant entity, whether material or non-material in nature […] which has become a symbolic element of the memorial heritage of any community”. Nora thus highlights symbolic values, hitherto often separated from historical sciences and reduced to historical narratives. In my paper I shall focus on shared memories, divided memories and entangled histories, but especially shared sites of memory. These – m

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14

Jaskólski, Krzysztof. "AVAILABILITY OF AIS BINARY DATA TRANSMISSION BASED ON DYNAMIC MEASUREMENTS PERFORMED ON THE SOUTHERN BALTIC AND THE DANISH STRAITS." Annual of Navigation 20, no. 1 (2013): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aon-2013-0002.

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ABSTRACT The problem of determining coordinates for the requirements of maritime navigation, considered only in terms of measurement error, seems to be solved on a global scale. In view of the above, the operational characteristics of radio navigation systems such as availability are equally important. This paper analyses the problem of AIS binary transmission availability. An attempt was made to assess the availability of the AIS service transmission channel based on dynamic measurements. For this purpose, the theory of Markov processes defined on a discrete state space was applied. The Crite

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15

Godhe, Anna, Jenny Egardt, David Kleinhans, Lisa Sundqvist, Robinson Hordoir, and Per R. Jonsson. "Seascape analysis reveals regional gene flow patterns among populations of a marine planktonic diatom." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 280, no. 1773 (2013): 20131599. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.1599.

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We investigated the gene flow of the common marine diatom, Skeletonema marinoi , in Scandinavian waters and tested the null hypothesis of panmixia. Sediment samples were collected from the Danish Straits, Kattegat and Skagerrak. Individual strains were established from germinated resting stages. A total of 350 individuals were genotyped by eight microsatellite markers. Conventional F- statistics showed significant differentiation between the samples. We therefore investigated whether the genetic structure could be explained using genetic models based on isolation by distance (IBD) or by oceano

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16

Qiao, Jixin, Kasper Andersson, and Sven Nielsen. "A 40-year marine record of 137Cs and 99Tc transported into the Danish Straits: Significance for oceanic tracer studies." Chemosphere 244 (April 2020): 125595. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125595.

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17

Montewka, Jakub. "Predicting Risk of Collision for Oil Tankers in the Gulf of Finland." Journal of Konbin 11-12, no. 1 (2009): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10040-008-0128-1.

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Predicting Risk of Collision for Oil Tankers in the Gulf of Finland the Gulf of Finland (GOF) is considered one of the most dense place in the world in terms of marine traffic, and in addition to the Danish Straits it forms the narrowest and shallowest waters in the Baltic Sea. As the volume of shipping in the GOF increases constantly, so does the risk of accidents. This paper presents a model for risk assessment for vessels colliding with emphasis put on tankers. A new adaptation of pre-existent physical model based on molecular collision theory for probability of collision assessment is pres

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18

Ehlers, Peter, and Anne Christine Brusendorff. "The HELCOM Copenhagen Declaration: A Regional Environmental Approach for Safer Shipping." International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 17, no. 3 (2002): 351–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157180802x00116.

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AbstractPrevention of pollution from maritime traffic has been a major item for the Baltic Sea States since the beginning of their environmental co-operation in the 1970s. To ensure maritime safety in the Baltic Sea region, which is well-known for its narrow straits, shallow depths and archipelago areas, the Helsinki Commission has decided on a great number of measures during the past 20 years. In the last decade maritime transportation has been growing steadily, reflecting the intensified cooperation in the Baltic Sea region and a prospering economy which also leads to growing environmental r

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19

Rogulski, Mariusz, Artur Badyda, and Szymon Firląg. "The Share of Pollution from Land Sources in PM Levels in the Region of Danish Straits, North and Baltic Seas." Environmental and Climate Technologies 25, no. 1 (2021): 764–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2021-0057.

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Abstract The aim of the study was to determine air pollution over the sea surface (North Sea and Baltic Sea) comparing to concentration in the closest land areas to examine the impact of ships on the level of PM concentration. The analysis is based on the measurements made during the two weeks cruise of the tall ship Fryderyk Chopin from Edinburg to Kołobrzeg. The highest pollution levels were observed in locations distant from the coast, especially over Baltic Sea, with increasing concentrations when other ships approaching. The article attempts to assess the possibility of migration of pollu

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Firląg, Szymon, Mariusz Rogulski, and Artur Badyda. "The Influence of Marine Traffic on Particulate Matter (PM) Levels in the Region of Danish Straits, North and Baltic Seas." Sustainability 10, no. 11 (2018): 4231. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10114231.

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The aim of the study was to determine air pollution over the sea surface (North Sea and Baltic Sea) compared to the situation in ports, as well as to examine the impact of ships on the level of particulate matter (PM) concentration. The measurements, made during the two-week cruise of the tall ship Fryderyk Chopin, demonstrated that the principal source of PM emission over the sea surface are passing ships equipped with internal combustion engines, including quite numerous units powered by marine oil. The highest pollution levels were observed in locations distant from the coast, with increasi

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21

Lansø, A. S., J. Bendtsen, J. H. Christensen, et al. "Sensitivity of the air–sea CO<sub>2</sub> exchange in the Baltic Sea and Danish inner waters to atmospheric short-term variability." Biogeosciences 12, no. 9 (2015): 2753–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2753-2015.

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Abstract. Minimising the uncertainties in estimates of air–sea CO2 exchange is an important step toward increasing the confidence in assessments of the CO2 cycle. Using an atmospheric transport model makes it possible to investigate the direct impact of atmospheric parameters on the air–sea CO2 flux along with its sensitivity to, for example, short-term temporal variability in wind speed, atmospheric mixing height and atmospheric CO2 concentration. With this study, the importance of high spatiotemporal resolution of atmospheric parameters for the air–sea CO2 flux is assessed for six sub-basins

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Lansø, A. S., J. Bendtsen, J. H. Christensen, et al. "Sensitivity of the air–sea CO<sub>2</sub> exchange in the Baltic Sea and Danish inner waters to atmospheric short term variability." Biogeosciences Discussions 11, no. 12 (2014): 16993–7042. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-11-16993-2014.

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Abstract. Minimising the uncertainties in estimates of air–sea CO2 exchange is an important step toward increasing the confidence in assessments of the CO2 cycle. Using an atmospheric transport model makes it possible to investigate the direct impact of atmospheric parameters on the air–sea CO2 flux along with its sensitivity to e.g. short-term temporal variability in wind speed, atmospheric mixing height and the atmospheric CO2 concentration. With this study the importance of high spatiotemporal resolution of atmospheric parameters for the air–sea CO2 flux is assessed for six sub-basins withi

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23

Jenisch, Uwe K. "The Baltic Sea: The Legal Regime and Instruments for Co-operation." International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 11, no. 1 (1996): 47–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157180896x00375.

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AbstractThe Baltic Sea Region presents unique challenges for the 14 states of the catchment area. Although characterized by a great diversity of history, languages and culture there is a strong feeling of common heritage. The region is of increasing importance for the European Union. At the same time this regional sea is subject to intensive exploitation and ecological strain. Apart from man, nature and geography also add to the critical ecological situation. The legal regime is comparatively well developed. All states except Denmark have extended their territorial seas to 12 n.m. but in many

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24

MATTSSON, JOHAN. "Some comments on the barotropic flow through the Danish Straits and the division of the flow between the Belt Sea and the Oresund." Tellus A 48, no. 3 (1996): 456–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0870.1996.t01-2-00007.x.

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25

Mattsson, Johan. "Some comments on the barotropic flow through the Danish Straits and the division of the flow between the Belt Sea and the Öresund." Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography 48, no. 3 (1996): 456–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/tellusa.v48i3.12071.

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26

Firląg, Szymon. "Quality of outdoor and indoor environment during the cruise of the tall ship STS Fryderyk Chopin." E3S Web of Conferences 49 (2018): 00024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184900024.

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The aim of this paper is to present the results of measurements, on the quality of internal and external environment, carried out during the cruise of the tall ship STS Fryderyk Chopin. The cruise took place between 16th and 30th September 2017 as part of the scientific seminar of the Warsaw University of Technology (WUT) on the Wave, addressed to students of the WTU. After leaving the port of Edinburgh, crossing the North Sea, the Danish straits, stops in Copenhagen and Kołobrzeg, the tall ship reached Szczecin after two weeks. The measurements carried out on the deck included the temperature

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27

Bednorz, Ewa, and Arkadiusz M. Tomczyk. "Influence of macroscale and regional circulation patterns on low- and high-frequency sea level variability in the Baltic Sea." Theoretical and Applied Climatology 144, no. 1-2 (2021): 115–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00704-020-03500-0.

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AbstractThe atmospheric impact on sea level variability in the Baltic Sea on different time scales was investigated. The Northern Hemisphere teleconnection patterns, namely, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Arctic Oscillation (AO) and Scandinavia (SCAND) patterns, were employed, and a strong but non-stationary relationship was found. The SCAND appeared to be most relevant to the mean monthly Baltic Sea level variations throughout the year. A negative correlation indicates that a cyclonic centre over Scandinavia in the negative phase of SCAND enhances western circulation, which then trigge

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Jalkanen, J. P., L. Johansson, J. Kukkonen, A. Brink, J. Kalli, and T. Stipa. "Extension of an assessment model of ship traffic exhaust emissions for particulate matter and carbon monoxide." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 11, no. 8 (2011): 22129–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-11-22129-2011.

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Abstract. A method is presented for the evaluation of the exhaust emissions of marine traffic, based on the messages provided by the Automatic Identification System (AIS), which enable the positioning of ship emissions with a high spatial resolution (typically a few metres). The model also takes into account the detailed technical data of each individual vessel. The previously developed model was applicable for evaluating the emissions of NOx, SOx and CO2. This paper addresses a substantial extension of the modelling system, to allow also for the mass-based emissions of particulate matter (PM)

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Yu, Shi-Yong, and Björn E. Berglund. "A dinoflagellate cyst record of Holocene climate and hydrological changes along the southeastern Swedish Baltic coast." Quaternary Research 67, no. 2 (2007): 215–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2006.12.004.

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AbstractA high-resolution, well-dated dinoflagellate cyst record from a lagoon of the southeastern Swedish Baltic Sea reveals climate and hydrological changes during the Holocene. Marine dinoflagellate cysts occurred initially at about 8600 cal yr BP, indicating the onset of the Littorina transgression in the southeastern Swedish lowland associated with global sea level rise, and thus the opening of the Danish straits. Both the species diversity and the total accumulation rates of dinoflagellate cysts continued to increase by 7000 cal yr BP and then decreased progressively. This pattern reveal

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Będźmirowski, Jerzy, and Miłosz Gac. "Military Security in the Baltic Sea during Cold War: Analysis Based on the Materials of the Naval Reconnaissance Unit of the Polish People’s Republic." Historia i Polityka, no. 46 (53) (November 15, 2023): 85–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/hip.2023.032.

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The purpose of the article was to present, in the proverbial nutshell, the issues related to the military situation in the 1950s and 1960s during the so-called Cold War in the Baltic Sea, based on the materials of the Naval Reconnaissance Unit of the Polish People’s Republic. These materials were very important for analytical teams preparing concepts for operations in the Northern European Theater of Operations, as well as ensuring the security of the maritime borders of the Warsaw Pact countries. The 1950s and 1960s were characterized by a wide range of reconnaissance activities as a co

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Ni, Sha, Krupinski Nadine B. Quintana, J. Chonewicz, et al. "Seasonal climate variations in the Baltic Sea during the Last Interglacial based on foraminiferal geochemistry." Quaternary Science Reviews 272 (November 11, 2021): 107220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.107220.

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Abstract: Climate during the Last Interglacial period (LIG, Marine Isotope Stage 5e) was on average warmer than the present, with a higher global sea level but also more unstable conditions. Today, the Baltic Sea interacts strongly with conditions in the North Atlantic region, and this interaction was likely even stronger during the LIG. We here present a reconstruction of seawater conditions during the LIG based on benthic foraminiferal geochemistry (stable isotopes and trace elements) and compare these records with modern marine monitoring data to evaluate seasonal hydrographic conditions in

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Jalkanen, J. P., L. Johansson, J. Kukkonen, A. Brink, J. Kalli, and T. Stipa. "Extension of an assessment model of ship traffic exhaust emissions for particulate matter and carbon monoxide." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 12, no. 5 (2012): 2641–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-2641-2012.

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Abstract. A method is presented for the evaluation of the exhaust emissions of marine traffic, based on the messages provided by the Automatic Identification System (AIS), which enable the positioning of ship emissions with a high spatial resolution (typically a few tens of metres). The model also takes into account the detailed technical data of each individual vessel. The previously developed model was applicable for evaluating the emissions of NOx, SOx and CO2. This paper addresses a substantial extension of the modelling system, to allow also for the mass-based emissions of particulate mat

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Smirnov, Pavel Ye. "The Accession of Finland and Sweden to NATO: Geopolitical implications for Russia’s position in the Baltic Sea region." Baltic Region 15, no. 4 (2023): 42–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2023-4-3.

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The article examines Sweden’s and Finland’s motives for ending their long-time non-aligned policies and joining NATO after Russia had launched a special military operation in Ukraine in February 2022. The two countries’ decision is shown to be in the interest of the United States, which has always sought to fill the geopolitical vacuum reigning after the collapse of the opposing Soviet bloc and the Soviet Union itself. Finland and Sweden were the missing links for Washington and NATO in the Baltic region and Northern Europe as a whole. The study analyses the major consequences of these geopoli

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Høyer, Jacob L., and Ioanna Karagali. "Sea Surface Temperature Climate Data Record for the North Sea and Baltic Sea." Journal of Climate 29, no. 7 (2016): 2529–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-15-0663.1.

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Abstract A 30-yr climate data record (CDR) of sea surface temperature (SST) has been produced with daily gap-free analysis fields for the North Sea and the Baltic Sea region from 1982 to 2012 by combining the Pathfinder AVHRR satellite data record with the Along-Track Scanning Radiometer (ATSR) Reprocessing for Climate (ARC) dataset and with in situ observations. A dynamical bias correction scheme adjusts the Pathfinder observations toward the ARC and in situ observations. Largest Pathfinder–ARC differences are found in the summer months, when the Pathfinder observations are up to 0.4°C colder

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Jahanmard, Vahidreza, Artu Ellmann, and Nicole Delpeche-Ellmann. "Quantification of Baltic sea water budget components using dynamic topography." Ocean Science 21, no. 3 (2025): 913–30. https://doi.org/10.5194/os-21-913-2025.

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Abstract. Accurate quantification of the Baltic Sea's dynamics and water budget components is essential for understanding both seasonal and long-term variations influenced by climate change. In this study, we utilize dynamic topography (DT), referenced to a geoid-based chart datum, to derive dynamic water volume and to improve estimates of the main water balance components, such as river runoff and water exchange through the Danish Straits. We utilize DT for the period from 2017 to mid-2021, which was corrected for vertical sea level biases and whose vertical datum thus coincides with the geoi

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Charrieau, Laurie M., Karl Ljung, Frederik Schenk, Ute Daewel, Emma Kritzberg, and Helena L. Filipsson. "Rapid environmental responses to climate-induced hydrographic changes in the Baltic Sea entrance." Biogeosciences 16, no. 19 (2019): 3835–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-3835-2019.

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Abstract. The Öresund (the Sound), which is a part of the Danish straits, is linking the marine North Sea and the brackish Baltic Sea. It is a transition zone where ecosystems are subjected to large gradients in terms of salinity, temperature, carbonate chemistry, and dissolved oxygen concentration. In addition to the highly variable environmental conditions, the area is responding to anthropogenic disturbances in, e.g., nutrient loading, temperature, and pH. We have reconstructed environmental changes in the Öresund during the last ca. 200 years, and especially dissolved oxygen concentration,

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Liu, Ye, H. E. Markus Meier, and Kari Eilola. "Nutrient transports in the Baltic Sea – results from a 30-year physical–biogeochemical reanalysis." Biogeosciences 14, no. 8 (2017): 2113–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2113-2017.

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Abstract. Long-term oxygen and nutrient transports in the Baltic Sea are reconstructed using the Swedish Coastal and Ocean Biogeochemical model (SCOBI) coupled to the Rossby Centre Ocean model (RCO). Two simulations with and without data assimilation covering the period 1970–1999 are carried out. Here, the weakly coupled scheme with the Ensemble Optimal Interpolation (EnOI) method is adopted to assimilate observed profiles in the reanalysis system. The reanalysis shows considerable improvement in the simulation of both oxygen and nutrient concentrations relative to the free run. Further, the r

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Johansson, L., J. P. Jalkanen, J. Kalli, and J. Kukkonen. "The evolution of shipping emissions and the costs of recent and forthcoming emission regulations in the northern European emission control area." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 13, no. 6 (2013): 16113–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-13-16113-2013.

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Abstract. An extensive inventory of marine exhaust emissions is presented in the northern European emission control area (ECA) in 2009 and 2011. The emissions of SOx, NOx, CO2, CO and PM2.5 were evaluated using the Ship Traffic Emission Assessment Model (STEAM). We have combined the information on individual vessel characteristics and position reports generated by the Automatic Identification System (AIS). The emission limitations from 2009 to 2011 have had a significant impact on reducing the emissions of both SOx and PM2.5. The predicted emissions of SOx originated from IMO-registered marine

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Johansson, L., J. P. Jalkanen, J. Kalli, and J. Kukkonen. "The evolution of shipping emissions and the costs of regulation changes in the northern EU area." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 13, no. 22 (2013): 11375–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-11375-2013.

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Abstract. An extensive inventory of marine exhaust emissions is presented in the northern European emission control area (ECA) in 2009 and 2011. The emissions of SOx, NOx, CO2, CO and PM2.5 were evaluated using the Ship Traffic Emission Assessment Model (STEAM). We have combined the information on individual vessel characteristics and position reports generated by the automatic identification system (AIS). The emission limitations from 2009 to 2011 have had a significant impact on reducing the emissions of both SOx and PM2.5. The predicted emissions of SOx originated from IMO (International Ma

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Ni, Sha, Z. Lu, Q. Zhang, et al. "Last interglacial seasonal hydroclimate in the North Sea–Baltic Sea region." Quaternary Science Reviews 312 (July 15, 2023): 108152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2023.108152.

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The Last Interglacial (LIG) experienced substantial changes in seasonal insolation compared with the present day, which may have affected the hydrography and water-mass exchange in the North Sea and Baltic Sea region. Here we investigate the effects of solar radiation and greenhouse gas (GHG) forcing on the regional climate by analyzing model simulations of the LIG (127 ka BP), pre-industrial (PI, 1850 CE), and present-day (PD, 1990 CE) climates. We also interpret the reconstructed seasonal bottom water conditions using benthic foraminifera and geochemistry data. Our simulations reveal that du

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Rosendal, Kirsten, and Per Bülow. "STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS STRAINS ISOLATED IN DANISH HOSPITALS." Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica 71, no. 3 (2009): 422–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1699-0463.1967.tb03789.x.

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Braestrup, Mikael W., Asger Knudsen, and Mette Elbæk Andersen. "Constructing Durable Strait Crossings: Recent Danish Experience." IABSE Symposium Report 88, no. 9 (2004): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/222137804796272350.

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Nauerby, B., K. Pedersen, H. H. Dietz, and M. Madsen. "Comparison of Danish Isolates of Salmonella entericaSerovar Enteritidis PT9a and PT11 from Hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) and Humans by Plasmid Profiling and Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38, no. 10 (2000): 3631–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.38.10.3631-3635.2000.

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During the years 1994 to 1998, 10 strains of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis phage type 11 (PT11) and 6 PT9a strains were isolated from Danish hedgehogs, together with 7 strains that did not yield phage susceptibility patterns conforming with any known phage type (routine dilution no conformity [RDNC]). From 1995 to 1998, five Danish patients were reported infected with serovar Enteritidis PT11 and two with PT9a. All serovar Enteritidis PT11, PT9a, and RDNC isolates from hedgehogs and humans were analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), plasmid profiling, and restriction fr

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Vogel, Birte Fonnesbech, Hanne Marie Holt, Peter Gerner-Smidt, Anemone Bundvad, Per Søgaard, and Lone Gram. "Homogeneity of Danish Environmental and Clinical Isolates of Shewanella algae." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66, no. 1 (2000): 443–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.66.1.443-448.2000.

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ABSTRACT Danish isolates of Shewanella algae constituted by whole-cell protein profiling a very homogeneous group, and no clear distinction was seen between strains from the marine environment and strains of clinical origin. Although variation between all strains was observed by ribotyping and random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis, no clonal relationship between infective strains was found. From several patients, clonally identical strains of S. algaewere reisolated up to 8 months after the primary isolation, indicating that the same strain may be able to maintain the infection.

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Jensen, E. S., L. H. Sorensen, and K. C. Engvild. "Danish Rhizobium leguminosarum strains nodulating 'Afghanistan' pea (Pisum sativum)." Physiologia Plantarum 66, no. 1 (1986): 46–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1986.tb01230.x.

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MacKinnon, Shawna L., John A. Walter, Michael A. Quilliam, et al. "Spirolides Isolated from Danish Strains of the Toxigenic DinoflagellateAlexandriumostenfeldii." Journal of Natural Products 69, no. 7 (2006): 983–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/np050220w.

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Hansen, Mie Johanne, Egle Kudirkiene, and Inger Dalsgaard. "Analysis of 44 Vibrio anguillarum genomes reveals high genetic diversity." PeerJ 8 (December 3, 2020): e10451. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10451.

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Vibriosis, a hemorrhagic septicemic disease caused by the bacterium Vibrio anguillarum, is an important bacterial infection in Danish sea-reared rainbow trout. Despite of vaccination, outbreaks still occur, likely because the vaccine is based on V. anguillarum strains from abroad/other hosts than rainbow trout. Information about the genetic diversity of V. anguillarum specifically in Danish rainbow trout, is required to investigate this claim. Consequently, the aim of the present investigation was to sequence and to characterize a collection of 44 V. anguillarum strains obtained primarily from

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Vaughan, Richard. "Bowhead whaling in Davis Strait and Baffin Bay during the 18th and 19th Centuries." Polar Record 23, no. 144 (1986): 289–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247400007117.

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ABSTRACTHistories of individual whale fisheries mainly undertaken by Europeans have yet to be written. This article provides an outline history of whaling in the Davis Strait area during the 18th and 19th centuries. Current knowledge is reviewed of whaling west of Greenland by ships from Danish, Dutch and German ports, and from English, American and Scottish ports. The land-based West Greenland whale fishery is also mentioned, and the activities of whalers from France and Spain. In spite of recent national whaling histories of the English, Dutch and Danish industries, quantitative data for the

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Hope, J. C., M. L. Thom, M. McAulay, et al. "Identification of Surrogates and Correlates of Protection in Protective Immunity againstMycobacterium bovisInfection Induced in Neonatal Calves by Vaccination withM. bovisBCG Pasteur andM. bovisBCG Danish." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 18, no. 3 (2011): 373–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00543-10.

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ABSTRACTVaccination of neonatal calves withMycobacterium bovisbacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) induces a significant degree of protection against infection with virulentM. bovis, the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis (bTB). We compared two strains of BCG, Pasteur and Danish, in order to confirm that the current European human vaccine strain (BCG Danish) induced protective immunity in calves, and we assessed immune responses to determine correlates of protection that could assist future vaccine evaluation in cattle. Both vaccine strains induced antigen (purified protein derivate [PPD])-speci

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Purwanto, Purwanto. "POTENTIAL PRODUCTION OF DEMERSAL FISH STOCK IN THE MALACCA STRAIT OF INDONESIA." Indonesian Fisheries Research Journal 21, no. 1 (2015): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/ifrj.21.1.2015.45-52.

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Malacca Strait is one of the main fishing areas for demersal fishery in Indonesia. To support the management of that fishery, an assessment of the demersal fish stock was conducted. This study estimated that the maximum sustainable yield and the optimal catch per unit effortof demersal fishery in the Malacca Strait were about 106.8 thousand tons/year and 28.5 tons per unit of Danish seine, respectively, resulting from the operation of 3,752 Danish seines. Unfortunately, fishing effort was higher than its optimum level and the fish stock was over-exploited since 2003. To recover the demersal fi

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