Academic literature on the topic 'Dark matter; Cosmic infall'
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Journal articles on the topic "Dark matter; Cosmic infall"
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Aubert, D., C. Pichon, and S. Colombi. "The origin and implications of dark matter anisotropic cosmic infall on ≈L★haloes." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 352, no. 2 (2004): 376–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.07883.x.
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Impey, Chris D. "Dim Baryons in the Cosmic Web." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 3, S244 (2007): 157–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921307013956.
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AbstractThe distribution of baryons beyond galaxies is descibed. The majority of the baryons, which represent 4% of the cosmic mass and energy budget, lie far from individual galaxies in the diffuse intergalactic medium (IGM). Many of these baryons are in a warm phase that can be probed by quasar absorption in the Lyman-α line of hydrogen. The mature field of quasar spectroscopy can diagnose the location, physical state, metallicity, and general geometry of this gas, which is called the “cosmic web.” The remainder of the gas is kept very hot by infall and shocks and is mostly in higher density regions such as filaments, groups and clusters. The hot gas is only detectable via X-rays and the absorption of highly ionized species of heavy elements. The baryons in low density regions of space are excellent tracers of underlying dark matter. The evolution of the cosmic web indicates where to look for the baryons in collapsed objects but the overall inefficiency of galaxy formation has conspired to keep most baryons dark.
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Kraljic, Katarina, Christophe Pichon, Sandrine Codis, et al. "The impact of the connectivity of the cosmic web on the physical properties of galaxies at its nodes." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 491, no. 3 (2019): 4294–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz3319.
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ABSTRACT We investigate the impact of the number of filaments connected to the nodes of the cosmic web on the physical properties of their galaxies using the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We compare these measurements to the cosmological hydrodynamical simulations H orizon-(no)AGN and Simba. We find that more massive galaxies are more connected, in qualitative agreement with theoretical predictions and measurements in dark-matter-only simulations. The star formation activity and morphology of observed galaxies both display some dependence on the connectivity of the cosmic web at a fixed stellar mass: Less star forming and less rotation supported galaxies also tend to have higher connectivity. These results qualitatively hold both for observed and for virtual galaxies, and can be understood given that the cosmic web is the main source of fuel for galaxy growth. The simulations show the same trends at a fixed halo mass, suggesting that the geometry of filamentary infall impacts galaxy properties beyond the depth of the local potential well. Based on simulations, it is also found that active galactic nucleus feedback is key to reversing the relationship between stellar mass and connectivity at a fixed halo mass. Technically, connectivity is a practical observational proxy for past and present accretion (minor mergers or diffuse infall).
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Peper, Marius, and Boudewijn F. Roukema. "The role of the elaphrocentre in void galaxy formation." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 505, no. 1 (2021): 1223–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1342.
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ABSTRACT Voids may affect galaxy formation via weakening mass infall or increasing disk sizes, which could potentially play a role in the formation of giant low surface brightness galaxies (LSBGs). If a dark matter halo forms at the potential hill corresponding to a void of the cosmic web, which we denote the ‘elaphrocentre’ in contrast to a barycentre, then the elaphrocentre should weaken the infall rate to the halo when compared to infall rates towards barycentres. We investigate this hypothesis numerically. We present a complete software pipeline to simulate galaxy formation, starting from a power spectrum of initial perturbations and an N-body simulation through to merger-history-tree based mass infall histories. The pipeline is built from well-established, free-licensed cosmological software packages, and aims at highly portable long-term reproducibility. We find that the elaphrocentric accelerations tending to oppose mass infall are modest. We do not find evidence of location in a void or elaphrocentric position weakening mass infall towards a galaxy. However, we find indirect evidence of voids influencing galaxy formation: while void galaxies are of lower mass compared to galaxies in high-density environments, their spin parameters are typically higher. For a fixed mass, the implied disc scale length would be greater. Tangential accelerations in voids are found to be high and might significantly contribute to the higher spin parameters. We find significantly later formation epochs for void galaxies; this should give lower matter densities and may imply lower surface densities of disc galaxies. Thus, void galaxies have higher spin parameters and later formation epochs; both are factors that may increase the probability of forming LSBGs in voids.
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Libeskind, Noam I. "The beaming of subhalo accretion." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 11, S308 (2014): 456–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s174392131601036x.
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AbstractWe examine the infall pattern of subhaloes onto hosts in the context of the large-scale structure. We find that the infall pattern is essentially driven by the shear tensor of the ambient velocity field. Dark matter subhaloes are preferentially accreted along the principal axis of the shear tensor which corresponds to the direction of weakest collapse. We examine the dependence of this preferential infall on subhalo mass, host halo mass and redshift. Although strongest for the most massive hosts and the most massive subhaloes at high redshift, the preferential infall of subhaloes is effectively universal in the sense that its always aligned with the axis of weakest collapse of the velocity shear tensor. It is the same shear tensor that dictates the structure of the cosmic web and hence the shear field emerges as the key factor that governs the local anisotropic pattern of structure formation. Since the small (sub-Mpc) scale is strongly correlated with the mid-range (∼ 10 Mpc) scale - a scale accessible by current surveys of peculiar velocities - it follows that findings presented here open a new window into the relation between the observed large scale structure unveiled by current surveys of peculiar velocities and the preferential infall direction of the Local Group. This may shed light on the unexpected alignments of dwarf galaxies seen in the Local Group.
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Hellwing, Wojciech A. "Dynamics of pairwise motions in the Cosmic Web." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 11, S308 (2014): 322–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921316010085.
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AbstractWe present results of analysis of the dark matter (DM) pairwise velocity statistics in different Cosmic Web environments. We use the DM velocity and density field from the Millennium 2 simulation together with the NEXUS+ algorithm to segment the simulation volume into voxels uniquely identifying one of the four possible environments: nodes, filaments, walls or cosmic voids. We show that the PDFs of the mean infall velocities v12 as well as its spatial dependence together with the perpendicular and parallel velocity dispersions bear a significant signal of the large-scale structure environment in which DM particle pairs are embedded. The pairwise flows are notably colder and have smaller mean magnitude in wall and voids, when compared to much denser environments of filaments and nodes. We discuss on our results, indicating that they are consistent with a simple theoretical predictions for pairwise motions as induced by gravitational instability mechanism. Our results indicate that the Cosmic Web elements are coherent dynamical entities rather than just temporal geometrical associations. In addition it should be possible to observationally test various Cosmic Web finding algorithms by segmenting available peculiar velocity data and studying resulting pairwise velocity statistics.
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Daddi, E., F. Valentino, R. M. Rich та ін. "Three Lyman-α-emitting filaments converging to a massive galaxy group at z = 2.91: discussing the case for cold gas infall". Astronomy & Astrophysics 649 (травень 2021): A78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202038700.
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We have discovered a 300 kpc-wide giant Lyman-α (Lyα) nebula centered on the massive galaxy group RO-1001 at z = 2.91 in the Cosmic Evolution Survey field. Keck Cosmic Web Imager observations reveal three cold gas filaments converging into the center of the potential well of its ∼4 × 1013 M⊙ dark matter halo, hosting 1200 M⊙ yr−1 of star formation as probed by Atacama Large Millimeter Array and NOrthern Extended Millimeter Array observations. The nebula morphological and kinematics properties and the prevalence of blueshifted components in the Lyα spectra are consistent with a scenario of gas accretion. The upper limits on active galactic nuclei activity and overall energetics favor gravity as the primary Lyα powering source and infall as the main source of gas flows to the system. Although interpretational difficulties remain, with outflows and likely also photoionization with ensuing recombination still playing a role, this finding provides arguably an ideal environment to quantitatively test models of cold gas accretion and galaxy feeding inside an actively star-forming massive halo at high redshift.
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ALIMI, JEAN-MICHEL, and ANDRÉ FÜZFA. "IS DARK ENERGY ABNORMALLY WEIGHTING?" International Journal of Modern Physics D 16, no. 12b (2007): 2587–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271807011206.
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We investigate the possibility that dark energy does not couple to gravitation in the same way as ordinary matter, yielding a violation of the weak and strong equivalence principles on cosmological scales. We build a transient mechanism in which gravitation is pushed away from general relativity (GR) by a Born–Infeld (BI) gauge interaction acting as an "abnormally weighting (dark) energy" (AWE). This mechanism accounts for the Hubble diagram of far-away supernovae by cosmic acceleration and time variation of the gravitational constant while accounting naturally for the present tests on GR.
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Mayer, Lucio. "Environmental Mechanisms Shaping the Nature of Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies: The View of Computer Simulations." Advances in Astronomy 2010 (2010): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/278434.
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We review numerical works carried out over the last decade on the role of environmental mechanisms in shaping nature of the faintest galaxies known, dwarf spheroidals (dSphs). The combination of tidally induced morphological transformation, termed tidal stirring, with mass loss due to tidal and ram-pressure stripping aided by heating due to the cosmic ionizing background can turn late-type dwarfs resembling present-day dIrrs into classic dSphs. The time of infall into the primary halo is shown to be a key parameter. Dwarfs accreting at when the cosmic ultraviolet ionizing flux was much higher than today, and was thus able to keep the gas in the dwarfs warm and diffuse, were rapidly stripped of their baryons via ram pressure and tidal forces, producing very dark-matter-dominated objects with truncated star-formation histories, such as the Draco dSph. The low star-formation efficiency expected in such low-metallicity objects prior to their infall was crucial for keeping their disks gas dominated until stripping took over.Therefore gas stripping along with inefficient star-formation provides a new feedback mechanism, alternative to photoevaporation or supernovae feedback, playing a crucial role in dwarf galaxy formation and evolution. We also discuss how the ultra-faint dSphs belong to a different population of lower-mass dwarf satellites that were mostly shaped by reionization rather than by environmental mechanisms (“reionization fossils”). Finally, we scrutinize the various caveats in the current understanding of environmental effects as well as other recent ideas on the origin of Local Group dSphs.
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Wright, Ruby J., Claudia del P. Lagos, Chris Power, and Peter D. Mitchell. "The impact of stellar and AGN feedback on halo-scale baryonic and dark matter accretion in the eagle simulations." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 498, no. 2 (2020): 1668–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa2359.
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ABSTRACT We use the eagle suite of hydrodynamical simulations to analyse accretion rates (and the breakdown of their constituent channels) on to haloes over cosmic time, comparing the behaviour of baryons and dark matter (DM). We also investigate the influence of sub-grid baryon physics on halo-scale inflow, specifically the consequences of modelling radiative cooling, as well as feedback from stars and active galactic nuclei (AGNs). We find that variations in halo baryon fractions at fixed mass (particularly their circumgalactic medium gas content) are very well correlated with variations in the baryon fraction of accreting matter, which we show to be heavily suppressed by stellar feedback in low-mass haloes, Mhalo ≲ 1011.5 M⊙. Breaking down accretion rates into first infall, recycled, transfer, and merger components, we show that baryons are much more likely to be smoothly accreted than to have originated from mergers when compared to DM, finding (averaged across halo mass) a merger contribution of $\approx 6{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ for baryons, and $\approx 15{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ for DM at z ≈ 0. We also show that the breakdown of inflow into different channels is strongly dependent on sub-grid physics, particularly the contribution of recycled accretion (accreting matter that has been previously ejected from progenitor haloes). Our findings highlight the dual role that baryonic feedback plays in regulating the evolution of galaxies and haloes: by (i) directly removing gas from haloes, and (ii) suppressing gas inflow to haloes.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Dark matter; Cosmic infall"
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Jiang, Ing-Guey. "The implications of a live halo for galactic warps and satellite dynamics." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301926.
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Le, Delliou Morgan. "Self-similar infall models for cold dark matter haloes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2002. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ63431.pdf.
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Mertsch, Philipp. "Cosmic ray backgrounds for dark matter indirect detection." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2734b849-4d7a-4266-8538-d3dc6cab6b20.
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The identification of the relic particles which presumably constitute cold dark matter is a key challenge for astroparticle physics. Indirect methods for their detection using high energy astro- physical probes such as cosmic rays have been much discussed. In particular, recent ‘excesses’ in cosmic ray electron and positron fluxes, as well as in microwave sky maps, have been claimed to be due to the annihilation or decay of dark matter. In this thesis, we argue however that these signals are plagued by irreducible astrophysical backgrounds and show how plausible con- ventional physics can mimic the alleged dark matter signals. In chapter 1, we review evidence of, and possible particle candidates for, cold dark matter, as well as our current understanding of galactic cosmic rays and the state-of-the-art in indirect detection. All other chapters contain original work, mainly based on the author’s journal publications. In particular, in chapter 2, we consider the possibility that the rise in the positron fraction observed by the PAMELA satellite is due to the production through (hadronic) cosmic ray spallation and subsequent acceleration of positrons, in the same sources as the primary cosmic rays. We present a new (unpublished) analytical estimate of the range of possible fluctuations in the high energy electron flux due to the discreteness of plausible cosmic ray sources such as supernova remnants. Fitting our result for the total electron-positron flux measured by the Fermi satellite allows us to fix the only free parameter of the model and make an independent prediction for the positron fraction. Our explanation relies on a large number of supernova remnants nearby which are accelerating hadronic cosmic rays. Turning the argument around, we find encouraging prospects for the observation of neutrinos from such sources in km^3-scale detectors such as IceCube. Chapter 3 presents a test of this model by considering similar effects expected for nuclear secondary-to-primary ratios such as B/C. A rise predicted above O(100)GeV/n would be an unique confirmation of our explanation for a rising positron fraction and rule out the dark matter explanation. In chapter 4, we review the assumptions made in the extraction of the `WMAP haze' which has also been claimed to be due to electrons and positrons from dark matter annihilation in the Galactic centre region. We argue that the energy-dependence of their diffusion means that the extraction of the haze through fitting to templates of low frequency diffuse galactic radio emission is unreliable. The systematic effects introduced by this can, under specific circumstances, reproduce the residual, suggesting that the ‘haze’ may be just an artefact of the template subtraction. We present a summary and thoughts about further work in the epilogue.
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Giesen, Gaelle. "Dark Matter Indirect Detection with charged cosmic rays." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA112160/document.
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Les preuves pour l'existence de la matière noire (MN), sous forme d'une particule inconnue qui rempli les halos galactiques, sont issues d'observations astrophysiques et cosmologiques: son effet gravitationnel est visible dans les rotations des galaxies, des amas de galaxies et dans la formation des grandes structures de l'univers. Une manifestation non-gravitationnelle de sa présence n'a pas encore été découverte. L'une des techniques les plus prometteuse est la détection indirecte de la MN, consistant à identifier des excès dans les flux de rayons cosmiques pouvant provenir de l'annihilation ou la désintégration de la MN dans le halo de la Voie Lactée. Les efforts expérimentaux actuels se focalisent principalement sur une gamme d'énergie de l'ordre du GeV au TeV, où un signal de WIMP (Weakly Interacting Massive Particles) est attendu. L'analyse des mesures récentes et inédites des rayons cosmiques chargés (antiprotons, électrons et positrons) et leurs émissions secondaires et les améliorations des modèles astrophysiques sont présentées.Les données de PAMELA sur les antiprotons contraignent l'annihilation et la désintégration de la MN de manière similaire (et même légèrement meilleurs) que les contraintes les plus fortes venant des rayons gamma, même dans le cas où les énergies cinétiques inférieures à 10 GeV sont écartées. En choisissant des paramètres astrophysiques différents (modèles de propagation et profils de MN), les contraintes peuvent changer d'un à deux ordres de grandeur. Pour exploiter la totalité de la capacité des antiprotons à contraindre la MN, des effets précédemment négligés sont incorporés et se révèlent être importants dans l'analyse des données inédites de AMS-02 : ajouter les pertes d'énergie, la diffusion dans l'espace des moments et la modulation solaire peut modifier les contraintes, même à de hautes masses. Une mauvaise interprétation des données peut survenir si ces effets ne sont pas pris en compte. Avec les flux de protons et d'hélium exposé par AMS-02, le fond astrophysique et ces incertitudes du ratio antiprotons sur protons sont réévalués et comparés aux données inédites de AMS-02. Aucune indication pour un excès n'est trouvé. Une préférence pour un halo confinant plus large et une dépendance en énergie du coefficient de diffusion plus plate apparaissent. De nouvelles contraintes sur l'annihilation et la désintégration de la MN sont ainsi dérivés.Les émissions secondaires des électrons et des positrons peuvent aussi contraindre l'annihilation et la désintégration de la MN dans le halo galactique : le signal radio dû à la radiation synchrotron des électrons et positrons dans le champs magnétique galactique, les rayons gamma des processus de bremsstrahlung avec le gas galactique et de Compton Inverse avec le champs radiatif interstellaire sont considérés. Différentes configurations de champs magnétique galactique et de modèles de propagation et des cartes de gas et de champs radiatif interstellaire améliorés sont utilisées pour obtenir des outils permettant le calculs des émissions synchrotrons et bremsstrahlung venant de MN de type WIMP. Tous les résultats numériques sont incorporés dans la dernière version du Poor Particle Physicist Coookbook for DM Indirect Detection (PPPC4DMID).Une interprétation d'un possible excès dans les données de rayons gamma de Fermi-LAT au centre galactique comme étant dû à l'annihilation de MN en canaux hadronique et leptonique est analysée. Dans une approche de messagers multiples, le calcul des émissions secondaires est amélioré et se révèle être important pour la détermination du spectre pour le canal leptonique. Ensuite, les limites provenant des antiprotons sur l'annihilation en canal hadronique contraignent sévèrement l'interprétation de cet excès comme étant dû à la MN, dans le cas de paramètres de propagation et de modulation solaire standards. Avec un choix plus conservatif de ces paramètres elles s'assouplissent considérablement<br>Overwhelming evidence for the existence of Dark Matter (DM), in the form of an unknownparticle filling the galactic halos, originates from many observations in astrophysics and cosmology: its gravitational effects are apparent on galactic rotations, in galaxy clusters and in shaping the large scale structure of the Universe. On the other hand, a non-gravitational manifestation of its presence is yet to be unveiled. One of the most promising techniques is the one of indirect detection, aimed at identifying excesses in cosmic ray fluxes which could possibly be produced by DM annihilations or decays in the Milky Way halo. The current experimental efforts mainly focus in the GeV to TeV energy range, which is also where signals from WIMPs (Weakly Interacting Massive Particles) are expected. Focussing on charged cosmic rays, in particular antiprotons, electrons and positrons, as well as their secondary emissions, an analysis of current and forseen cosmic ray measurements and improvements on astrophysical models are presented. Antiproton data from PAMELA imposes contraints on annihilating and decaying DM which are similar to (or even slightly stronger than) the most stringent bounds from gamma ray experiments, even when kinetic energies below 10 GeV are discarded. However, choosing different sets of astrophysical parameters, in the form of propagation models and halo profiles, allows the contraints to span over one or two orders of magnitude. In order to exploit fully the power of antiprotons to constrain or discover DM, effects which were previously perceived as subleading turn out to be relevant especially for the analysis of the newly released AMS-02 data. In fact, including energy losses, diffusive reaccelleration and solar modulation can somewhat modify the current bounds, even at large DM masses. A wrong interpretation of the data may arise if they are not taken into account. Finally, using the updated proton and helium fluxes just released by the AMS-02 experiment, the astrophysical antiproton to proton ratio and its uncertainties are reevaluated and compared to the preliminarly reported AMS-02 measurements. No unambiguous evidence for a significant excess with respect to expectations is found. Yet, some preference for thicker halos and a flatter energy dependence of the diffusion coefficient starts to emerge. New stringed constraints on DM annihilation and decay are derived. Secondary emissions from electrons and positrons can also be used to constrain DM annihilation or decay in the galactic halo. The radio signal due to synchrotron radiation of electrons and positrons on the galactic magnetic field, gamma rays from bremsstrahlung processes on the galactic gas densities and from Inverse Compton scattering processes on the interstellar radiation field are considered. With several magnetic field configurations, propagation scenarios and improved gas density maps and interstellar radiation field, state-of-art tools allowing the computaion of synchrotron and bremssttrahlung radiation for any WIMP DM model are provided. All numerical results for DM are incorporated in the release of the Poor Particle Physicist Coookbook for DM Indirect Detection (PPPC4DMID). Finally, the possible GeV gamma-ray excess identified in the Fermi-LAT data from the Galactic Center in terms of DM annihilation, either in hadronic or leptonic channels is studied. In order to test this tantalizing interprestation, a multi-messenger approach is used: first, the computation of secondary emisison from DM with respect to previous works confirms it to be relevant for determining the DM spectrum in leptonic channels. Second, limits from antiprotons severely constrain the DM interpretation of the excess in the hadronic channel, for standard assumptions on the Galactic propagation parameters and solar modulation. However, they considerably relax if more conservative choices are adopted
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Macias, Ramirez Oscar. "Astrophysical Constraints on Dark Matter." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Department of Physics and Astronomy, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9857.
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Well motivated theoretical models predict the annihilation of dark matter (DM) into standard model particles, a phenomenon which could be a significant source of photons in the gamma-ray sky. With its unprecedented sensitivity and its broad energy range (20 MeV to more than 300 GeV) the main instrument on board the Fermi satellite, the Large Area Telescope (LAT), might be able to detect an indirect signature of DM annihilations. In this work we revisit several interesting claims of extended dark matter emission made from analyses of Fermi-LAT data: First, based on three years of Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) gamma-ray data of the Virgo cluster, evidence for an extended emission associated with dark matter pair annihilation in the bb̄ channel has been reported by Han et al. (arxiv:1201.1003). After an in depth spatial and temporal analysis, we argue that the tentative evidence for a gamma-ray excess from the Virgo cluster is mainly due to the appearance of a population of previously unresolved gamma-ray point sources in the region of interest. These point sources are not part of the LAT second source catalogue (2FGL), but are found to be above the standard detection significance threshold when three or more years of LAT data is included.
Second, we confirm the detection of a spatially extended excess of 2-5 GeV gamma rays from the Galactic Center (GC), consistent with the emission expected from annihilating dark matter or an unresolved population of about 10³ milisecond pulsars. However, there are significant uncertainties in the diffuse galactic background at the GC. We have performed a revaluation of these two models for the extended gamma ray source at the GC by accounting for the systematic uncertainties of the Galactic diffuse emission model. We also marginalize over point source and diffuse background parameters in the region of interest. We show that the excess emission is significantly more extended than a point source. We find that the DM (or pulsars population) signal is larger than the systematic errors and therefore proceed to determine the sectors of parameter space that provide an acceptable fit to the data. We found that a population of order a 10³ MSPs with parameters consistent with the average spectral shape of Fermi-LAT measured MSPs was able to fit the GC excess emission. For DM, we found that a pure τ⁺τ⁻ annihilation channel is not a good fit to the data. But a mixture of τ⁻τ⁻ and bb̄ with a (σν) of order the thermal relic value and a DM mass of around 20 to 60 GeV provides an adequate fit.
We also consider the possibility that the GeV excess is due to nonthermal bremsstrahlung produced by a population of electrons interacting with neutral gas in molecular clouds. The millisecond pulsars and dark matter alternatives have spatial templates well fitted by the square of a generalized Navarro-Frenk-White (NFW) profile with inner slope γ = 1.2. We model the third option with a 20-cm continuum emission Galactic Ridge template. A template based on the HESS residuals is shown to give similar results. The gamma-ray excess is found to be best fit by a combination of the generalized NFW squared template and a Galactic Ridge template. We also find the spectra of each template is not significantly affected in the combined fit and is consistent with previous single template fits. That is, the generalized NFW squared spectrum can be fit by either of order 10³ unresolved MSPs or DM with mass around 30 GeV, a thermal cross section, and mainly annihilating to bb̄ quarks. While the Galactic Ridge continues to have a spectrum consistent with a population of nonthermal electrons whose spectrum also provides a good fit to synchrotron emission measurements. We also show that the current DM fit may be hard to test, even with 10 years of Fermi-LAT data, especially if there is a mixture of DM and MSPs contributing to the signal, in which case the implied DM cross section will be suppressed.
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Lawson, Kyle. "Quark nugget dark matter : cosmic evidence and detection potential." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/52012.
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I present a dark matter model in which the dark matter is composed of very heavy “nuggets” of Standard Model quarks and antiquarks. This model was originally motivated by the fact that the matter and dark matter mass densities are observed to have similar scales. If these two forms of matter originate through completely distinct physical processes then their densities could easily have existed at vastly different scales. However, if the dark and the visible matter are co-produced, this similarity in scales is a natural outcome. In the model considered here dark matter and the baryonic matter share an origin in Standard Model strong force physics.
The main goal of this work is to establish the testable predictions of this model. The physical properties of the nuggets are set by well understood nuclear physics and quantum electrodynamics, allowing many observable consequences to be predicted. To this end, I devote special attention to the structure of the surface layer of the nuggets from which the majority of observable consequences arise.
With this basic picture of nugget structure in place, I will discuss the consequences of their interactions with a number of different environments. Particular attention is given to the galactic centre and to the early universe, as both are sufficiently dense to allow for significant levels of matter-dark matter interaction. The emitted radiation, in both cases, is shown to be consistent with observations.
Finally, I discuss the consequences of a nugget striking the earth. In this context, I will demonstrate that the nuggets produce effects observable in cosmic ray detectors. Based on these considerations, I discuss the nugget detection potential for experiments primarily devoted to the study of high energy cosmic rays.<br>Science, Faculty of<br>Physics and Astronomy, Department of<br>Graduate
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Enander, Jonas. "Cosmic tests of massive gravity." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Fysikum, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-113076.
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Massive gravity is an extension of general relativity where the graviton, which mediates gravitational interactions, has a non-vanishing mass. The first steps towards formulating a theory of massive gravity were made by Fierz and Pauli in 1939, but it took another 70 years until a consistent theory of massive gravity was written down. This thesis investigates the phenomenological implications of this theory, when applied to cosmology. In particular, we look at cosmic expansion histories, structure formation, integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect and weak lensing, and put constraints on the allowed parameter range of the theory. This is done by using data from supernovae, the cosmic microwave background, baryonic acoustic oscillations, galaxy and quasar maps and galactic lensing. The theory is shown to yield both cosmic expansion histories, galactic lensing and an integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect consistent with observations. For the structure formation, however, we show that for certain parameters of the theory there exists a tension between consistency relations for the background and stability properties of the perturbations. We also show that a background expansion equivalent to that of general relativity does not necessarily mean that the perturbations have to evolve in the same way.<br><p>At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 5: Manuscript. Paper 6: Manuscript.</p>
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Genolini, Yoann. "Refined predictions for cosmic rays and indirect dark matter searches." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAY049/document.
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Il y a tout juste cent ans que les premières mesures du taux d'ionisation de l'air ont dévoilé que la terre est sans cesse bombardée par une pluie de particules énergétiques provenant du Cosmos. D'un point de vue astrophysique, l'origine de ces particules hautement relativistes, appelés rayons cosmiques (CRs), ainsi que leur mécanisme d'accélération restent très peu connus. Le paradigme actuel suppose une injection sporadique des CRs accélérés par la propagation d'ondes de choc au cours de la mort de certaines étoiles (SNRs).Les mesures récentes des flux de CRs (par les expériences PAMELA et AMS-02 par exemple) inaugurent une nouvelle ère de précision dans la mesure où les incertitudes statistiques sont désormais considérablement réduites. Dans ce mémoire de thèse, nous proposons et approfondissons de nouvelles pistes théoriques de manière à maximiser l'information extraite de ces nouvelles données.Après une introduction générale sur la physique des CRs, nous nous concentrons sur les espèces dites primaires, qui sont produites directement par les SNRs. De la nature discrète des SNRs et de la méconnaissance quasi-complète de leurs positions et de leurs ages résulte une incertitude théorique qui nécessite d'être estimée pour la prédiction des flux observés sur Terre. Jusqu'alors ces prédictions se contentent de calculer la moyenne d'ensemble de ce flux. Dans cette partie nous exposons la théorie statistique que nous avons élaborée, permettant de calculer la probabilité d'une déviation du flux mesuré par rapport à la moyenne d'ensemble. Nous sommes amenés à utiliser une version généralisée du théorème de la limite centrale, avec lequel nous montrons que la loi de probabilité est intimement reliée à la distribution des sources et qu'elle converge vers une loi stable. Cette dernière diffère de la loi gaussienne par sa queue lourde en loi de puissance. Le cadre théorique développé ici peut non seulement être étendu à d'autres observables du rayonnement cosmique, mais aussi enrichi en incluant une description plus complète des corrélations entre les sources. De plus, la méthode que nous avons développée peut être appliquée à d'autres problèmes de physique/astrophysique impliquant des distributions à queue lourde.Deuxièmement nous nous penchons sur les CRs dits secondaires (comme le bore), qui sont produits par les collisions des espèces primaires avec le milieu interstellaire. Plus précisément nous nous concentrons sur le rapport du flux du bore sur celui du carbone qui est traditionnellement utilisé pour comprendre la propagation des CRs. Ainsi, tout porte à croire que les mesures extrêmement précises de ce rapport nous donneraient de fortes contraintes sur les scénarios de propagation. Malheureusement il n'en est rien et nous montrons que le calcul théorique dépend fortement de certaines hypothèses telles que le lieu de production des secondaires et le choix du jeux de sections efficaces d’interaction. Nous estimons à au moins 20 % les incertitudes sur les paramètres de propagation dérivés jusqu'à maintenant. Grâce aux nouvelles données de l'expérience AMS-02, nous présentons les points de départ de notre nouvelle analyse pour laquelle nous utilisons le code semi-analytique USINE.Finalement, dans une troisième partie, nous utilisons ces données de précision pour réactualiser les analyses portant sur la recherche indirecte de matière noire. En effet, les CRs d'antimatière seraient -au même titre que le bore- des particules secondaires. La prédiction de leur fond astrophysique repose sur une connaissance précise de la propagation des CRs et de leurs interactions dans la Galaxy. Nous les traitons ici sous les hypothèses habituelles et réévaluons les flux de positrons et d'antiprotons à la lumière des nouvelles données d'AMS-02. Nous discutons ensuite les conséquences pour la matière noire et les possibles explications astrophysiques d'éventuels excès observés<br>A hundred years ago, pioneering observations of air ionization revealed that the Earth is showered with particles coming from the Galaxy and beyond. Because of their high energies, these particles coined cosmic-rays are still a crucial tool in the field of particle physics, complementary to man-made accelerators. From an astrophysical point of view, the origin of cosmic-rays and the mechanisms which accelerate them are still very poorly known. The present paradigm involves sporadic production associated with the expanding shock waves from dying stars (SNRs).Recent experiments (notably PAMELA and, more recently, AMS-02) are ushering us into a new era of measurements of cosmic-ray fluxes with greatly reduced statistical uncertainties. In this dissertation, we propose and investigate new theoretical refinements of our predictions to fully benefit from these advances.After a general introduction on cosmic-ray physics, we first focus on the so-called primary species which are directly produced by SNRs. In this context of precision measurements, the discreteness of the sources in space and time, together with a substantial ignorance of their precise epochs and locations (with the possible exception of the most recent and close ones) may lead to significant uncertainties in the predictions of the fluxes at the Earth. So far, the conventional approach just relied on average trends. Here, we elaborate a statistical theory in order to compute the probability for the actual flux to depart from its ensemble average. Using the generalized version of the central limit theorem, we demonstrate that the probability distribution function of the flux is intimately related to the source distribution and follows a stable law with a heavier tail than the Gaussian distribution. Our theoretical framework can not only be extended to other cosmic-ray observables, such as the lepton flux, but also can be enriched to include a more comprehensive description of the correlations between the sources. Moreover the method which we have developed may be applied to a variety of problems in physics/astrophysics involving heavy tail distributions.Secondly, we concentrate on secondary CRs, like the boron nuclei, which are thought to be produced only by the collisions of cosmic-rays on the interstellar medium. More precisely, the ratio of the boron to carbon fluxes is a traditional tool used to understand and gauge the propagation of cosmic-rays in the Galaxy. Hence a very precise measurement of this ratio should imply stringent constraints on the propagation scenario. However we show that its theoretical derivation strongly depends on where these secondary species are produced as well as on the chosen set of nuclear cross-sections. Hence we assess at the 20% level the theoretical uncertainties on the so far derived propagation parameters. As new data from AMS-02 were freshly released, we present the starting points of a comprehensive new analysis for which we use the semi-analytical code USINE.Finally these high precision measurements offer new opportunities for a number of astroparticle problems, such as indirect dark matter searches which is the main thrust of the third part of the thesis. Antimatter cosmic rays are thought to be secondary species and their relatively low fluxes make them a channel of choice to look for rare processes such as dark matter annihilation. Nonetheless, the predictions of the expected backgrounds rely on a precise modeling of cosmic-ray propagation and interactions in the Galaxy. We treat them under commonly used simplified assumptions and discuss two studies where we re-evaluate the anti-proton and the positron fluxes in the light of the new AMS-02 data. Then we discuss the implications for dark matter and astrophysical explanations
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Delahaye, Timur. "Propagation of galactic cosmic rays and dark matter indirect detection." Chambéry, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CHAMS019.
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Cette thèse est dédiée à l'étude de la propagation des électrons et positrons cosmiques dans la Voie Lactée ainsi qu'à la détection indirecte de matière sombre. L'existence de la matière sombre dans l'Univers est une hypothèse raisonnable du point de vue de la cosmologie, de l'astrophysique mais également de la physique des particules. Pourtant sa détection nous échappe encore et il n'est pas possible de vérifier la validité de cette hypothèse autrement que par des moyens faisant intervenir la gravitation. L'une des voies possibles pour la détection de la matière sombre et la compréhension de ses propriétés, consiste à chercher les produits de son annihilation ou de sa désintégration dans les rayons cosmiques Galactiques. Durant ces trois dernières années, les données concernant les flux d'électrons et de positrons cosmiques se sont accumulées et ont atteint des précisions remarquables. Une telle précision expérimentale exige que l'on raffine les modèles théoriques et que l'on quantifie les erreurs. Cette thèse s'efforce donc de recenser et de quantifier toutes les sources d'incertitudes des prédictions de flux d'électrons et de positrons cosmiques, qu'ils soient primaires ou secondaires, classiques ou exotiques. La plus grande attention a été portée sur les sources et la propagation dans le halo Galactique. De plus, une étude des émissions gamma et radio associées à ces rayons cosmiques est présentée, toujours avec la même volonté de mesurer les incertitudes. Enfin, un état des lieux de la recherche de détection de l'annihilation ou de la désintégration de la matière sombre galactique est présenté<br>This thesis is dedicated to the study of propagation of cosmic electrons and positrons in the Milky Way and to the indirect detection of dark matter. The existence of dark matter is a hypothesis considered as reasonable from the point of view of cosmology, astrophysics and even particle physics. Nevertheless its detection still eludes us and it is not possible to verify this hypothesis by other means than gravitational one. A possible way to detect dark matter is to look for its annihilation or decay products among Galactic cosmic rays. During the last three years, data concerning cosmic ray electrons and positrons have been accumulated and have reached a remarkable precision. Such a precision requires from us to refine the theoretical models and to quantify the errors. This thesis addresses the study of all the sources of uncertainties affecting predictions of cosmic electrons and positron fluxes, primary and secondary, classical or from exotic origin. The greatest care has been dedicated to the sources and the propagation in the Galactic halo. Moreover a study of gamma and radio emissions associated to these cosmic rays is presented, again with the will of sizing uncertainties. Finally a status of the research for detection of annihilation or decay of Galactic dark matter is presented
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Mondragon, Antonio Richard. "Lorentz-violating dark matter." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1672.
Full textBooks on the topic "Dark matter; Cosmic infall"
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1942-, Rees Martin J., ed. Cosmic coincidences: Dark matter, mankind and anthropic cosmology. Black Swan, 1991.
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Albrecht, Andreas Johann. Perturbations from cosmic strings in cold dark matter. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, 1991.
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Gribbin, John R. Cosmic coincidences: Dark matter, mankind, and anthropic cosmology. Bantam Books, 1989.
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Shirasaki, Masato. Probing Cosmic Dark Matter and Dark Energy with Weak Gravitational Lensing Statistics. Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-796-3.
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Discovering postmodern cosmology: Discoveries in dark matter, cosmic web, big bang, inflation, cosmic rays, dark energy, accelerating cosmos. Universal Publishers, 2008.
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Thomas, Buchert, and Mersini-Houghton Laura, eds. Cosmic update: Dark puzzles. Arrow of time. Future history. Springer, 2011.
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Cosmic questions: Galactic halos, cold dark matter, and the end of time. J. Wiley, 1993.
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Drexler, Jerome. Our universe via Drexler dark matter: Drexler dark matter created and explains dark energy, top-down cosmology, inflation, accelerating cosmos, stars, galaxies, cosmic web. Universal-Publishers, 2009.
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Our universe via Drexler dark matter: Drexler dark matter created and explains dark energy, top-down cosmology, inflation, accelerating cosmos, stars, galaxies, cosmic web. Universal-Publishers, 2009.
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Through a universe darkly: A cosmic tale of ancient ethers, dark matter, and the fate of the universe. HarperCollins, 1993.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Dark matter; Cosmic infall"
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Mazure, Alain, and Vincent Le Brun. "Cosmic canvas." In Matter, Dark Matter, and Anti-Matter. Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8822-5_6.
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Copeland, Edmund. "Cosmic Strings and Superconducting Cosmic Strings." In Dark Matter in the Universe. Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1940-2_7.
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Buchert, Thomas. "Dark Energy and Dark Matter Hidden in the Geometry of Space?" In Cosmic Update. Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8294-0_1.
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Mazure, Alain, and Vincent Le Brun. "Cosmic Cluedo: where, when and how?" In Matter, Dark Matter, and Anti-Matter. Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8822-5_4.
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Börner, Gerhard. "Cosmic Puzzles: Dark Matter and Dark Energy." In Quantum Mathematical Physics. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26902-3_12.
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Verde, Licia. "Cosmology with Cosmic Microwave Background and Large-Scale Structure Observations." In Dark Matter and Dark Energy. Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8685-3_2.
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Hogan, Craig J. "Warm Dark Matter." In Current Topics in Astrofundamental Physics: The Cosmic Microwave Background. Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0748-1_16.
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Sikivie, P. "Solar and Cosmic Axion Hunting." In Dark Matter in the Universe. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-86029-4_7.
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Quashnock, Jean M. "Cosmic Strings: The Gravitational Backreaction Problem." In Dark Matter in the Universe. Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1940-2_15.
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Martins, C. J. A. P., and E. P. S. Shellard. "Vortons: Dark Matter From Cosmic Strings." In The Non-Sleeping Universe. Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4497-1_81.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Dark matter; Cosmic infall"
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Górski, Krzysztof M. "Dark Matter–Cosmic microwave background connection." In Dark matter. AIP, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.48377.
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Addazi, Andrea, Konstantin Belotsky,, Vitaly Beylin,, et al. "Dark Matter Searches for heavy Dark Matter with LHAASO." In 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference. Sissa Medialab, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.395.0574.
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Ammiraju, P. "Dark matter and cosmic plasma physical processes." In Dark matter. AIP, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.48342.
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Cirelli, Marco. "Dark matter phenomena." In The 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference. Sissa Medialab, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.236.0014.
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Caputo, Regina, Manuel Meyer, and Miguel Sanchez-Conde. "AMEGO: Dark Matter Prospects." In 35th International Cosmic Ray Conference. Sissa Medialab, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.301.0910.
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Boudaud, Mathieu. "Voyager Probing Dark Matter." In 36th International Cosmic Ray Conference. Sissa Medialab, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.358.0512.
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Auriemma, Giulio. "Dark Matter 2017." In XII Multifrequency Behaviour of High Energy Cosmic Sources Workshop. Sissa Medialab, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.306.0002.
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Schrabback, Tim, Joan-Marc Miralles, Thomas Erben, and Peter Schneider. "Cosmic Shear with ACS." In Baryons in Dark Matter Halos. Sissa Medialab, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.014.0016.
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Yapici, Tolga, and Andrew Smith. "Dark Matter Searches with HAWC." In 35th International Cosmic Ray Conference. Sissa Medialab, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.301.0891.
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Zitzer, Benjamin. "The VERITAS Dark Matter Program." In 35th International Cosmic Ray Conference. Sissa Medialab, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.301.0904.
Full textReports on the topic "Dark matter; Cosmic infall"
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Feng, J., P. Fox, W. A. Dawson, et al. US Cosmic Visions: New Ideas in Dark Matter 2017 : Community Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1389964.
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Matthews, John A. J., and Michael S. Gold. Exploring the Cosmic Frontier, Task A - Direct Detection of Dark Matter, Task B - Experimental Particle Astrophysics. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1289694.
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Cosmic Ray Spectra in Nambu-Goldstone Dark Matter Models. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/981677.
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