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Journal articles on the topic 'Dark Sirens'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 26 October 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Mukherjee, Suvodip, Alex Krolewski, Benjamin D. Wandelt, and Joseph Silk. "Cross-correlating Dark Sirens and Galaxies: Constraints on H ₀ from GWTC-3 of LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA." Astrophysical Journal 975, no. 2 (2024): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad7d90.

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Abstract We apply the cross-correlation technique to infer the Hubble constant (H 0) of the Universe using gravitational-wave (GW) sources without electromagnetic counterparts (dark sirens) from the third GW Transient Catalog (GWTC-3) and the photometric galaxy surveys 2MPZ and WISE-SuperCOSMOS, and combine these with the bright siren measurement of H 0 from GW170817. The posterior on H 0 with only dark sirens is uninformative due to the small number of well-localized GW sources. Using the eight well-localized dark sirens and the binary neutron star GW170817 with electromagnetic counterpart, w

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Li, Tian-Nuo, Shang-Jie Jin, Hai-Li Li, Jing-Fei Zhang, and Xin Zhang. "Prospects for Probing the Interaction between Dark Energy and Dark Matter Using Gravitational-wave Dark Sirens with Neutron Star Tidal Deformation." Astrophysical Journal 963, no. 1 (2024): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad1bc9.

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Abstract Gravitational wave (GW) standard siren observations provide a rather useful tool to explore the evolution of the Universe. In this work, we wish to investigate whether dark sirens with neutron star (NS) deformation from third-generation GW detectors could help probe the interaction between dark energy and dark matter. We simulate the GW dark sirens of four detection strategies based on 3 yr observation and consider four phenomenological interacting dark energy (IDE) models to perform cosmological analysis. We find that GW dark sirens could provide tight constraints on Ωm and H 0 in th

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Zhu, Liang-Gui, and Xian Chen. "The Dark Side of Using Dark Sirens to Constrain the Hubble–Lemaître Constant." Astrophysical Journal 948, no. 1 (2023): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acc24b.

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Abstract Dark sirens, i.e., gravitational-wave (GW) sources without electromagnetic counterparts, are new probes of the expansion of the universe. The efficacy of this method relies on correctly localizing the host galaxies. However, recent theoretical studies have shown that astrophysical environments could mislead the spatial localization by distorting the GW signals. It is unclear whether and to what degree the incorrect spatial localizations of dark sirens would impair the accuracy of the measurement of the cosmological parameters. To address this issue, we consider the future observations

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Palmese, A., C. R. Bom, S. Mucesh, and W. G. Hartley. "A Standard Siren Measurement of the Hubble Constant Using Gravitational-wave Events from the First Three LIGO/Virgo Observing Runs and the DESI Legacy Survey." Astrophysical Journal 943, no. 1 (2023): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aca6e3.

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Abstract We present a new constraint on the Hubble constant H 0 using a sample of well-localized gravitational-wave (GW) events detected during the first three LIGO/Virgo observing runs as dark standard sirens. In the case of dark standard sirens, a unique host galaxy is not identified, and the redshift information comes from the distribution of potential host galaxies. From the third LIGO/Virgo observing run detections, we add the asymmetric-mass binary black hole GW190412 and the high-confidence GW candidates S191204r, S200129m, and S200311bg to the sample of dark standard sirens analyzed in

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Jin, Shang-Jie, Tian-Nuo Li, Jing-Fei Zhang, and Xin Zhang. "Prospects for measuring the Hubble constant and dark energy using gravitational-wave dark sirens with neutron star tidal deformation." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2023, no. 08 (2023): 070. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2023/08/070.

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Abstract Using the measurements of tidal deformation in the binary neutron star (BNS) coalescences can obtain the information of redshifts of gravitational wave (GW) sources, and thus actually the cosmic expansion history can be investigated using solely such GW dark sirens. To do this, the key is to get a large number of accurate GW data, which can be achieved with the third-generation (3G) GW detectors. Here we wish to offer an answer to the question of whether the Hubble constant and the equation of state (EoS) of dark energy can be precisely measured using solely GW dark sirens. We find th

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Jin, Shang-Jie, Rui-Qi Zhu, Ji-Yu Song, Tao Han, Jing-Fei Zhang, and Xin Zhang. "Standard siren cosmology in the era of the 2.5-generation ground-based gravitational wave detectors: bright and dark sirens of LIGO Voyager and NEMO." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2024, no. 08 (2024): 050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2024/08/050.

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Abstract The 2.5-generation (2.5G) ground-based gravitational wave (GW) detectors LIGO Voyager and NEMO are expected to be operational in the late 2020s and early 2030s. In this work, we explore the potential of GW standard sirens observed by the 2.5G GW detectors in measuring cosmological parameters, especially for the Hubble constant. Using GWs to measure cosmological parameters is inherently challenging, especially for 2.5G detectors, given their limited capability, which results in weaker constraints on cosmological parameters from the detected standard sirens. However, the measurement of

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Cai, Rong-Gen, and Tao Yang. "Standard sirens and dark sector with Gaussian process." EPJ Web of Conferences 168 (2018): 01008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201816801008.

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The gravitational waves from compact binary systems are viewed as a standard siren to probe the evolution of the universe. This paper summarizes the potential and ability to use the gravitational waves to constrain the cosmological parameters and the dark sector interaction in the Gaussian process methodology. After briefly introducing the method to reconstruct the dark sector interaction by the Gaussian process, the concept of standard sirens and the analysis of reconstructing the dark sector interaction with LISA are outlined. Furthermore, we estimate the constraint ability of the gravitatio

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Dalang, Charles, and Tessa Baker. "The clustering of dark sirens' invisible host galaxies." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2024, no. 02 (2024): 024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2024/02/024.

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Abstract Dark sirens are a powerful way to infer cosmological and astrophysical parameters from the combination of gravitational wave sirens and galaxy catalogues. Importantly, the method relies on the completeness of the galaxy catalogues being well modelled. A magnitude-limited catalogue will always be incomplete to some extent, requiring a completion scheme to avoid biasing the parameter inference. Standard methods include homogeneous and multiplicative completion, which have the advantage of simplicity but underestimate or overestimate the amplitude of structure at low completeness, respec

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Hou, Wan-Ting, Jing-Zhao Qi, Tao Han, Jing-Fei Zhang, Shuo Cao, and Xin Zhang. "Prospects for constraining interacting dark energy models from gravitational wave and gamma ray burst joint observation." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2023, no. 05 (2023): 017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2023/05/017.

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Abstract With the measurement of the electromagnetic (EM) counterpart, a gravitational wave (GW) event could be treated as a standard siren. As a novel cosmological probe, GW standard sirens will bring significant implications for cosmology. In this paper, by considering the coincident detections of GW and associated γ ray burst (GRB), we find that only about 400 GW bright standard sirens from binary neutron star mergers could be detected in a 10-year observation of the Einstein Telescope and the THESEUS satellite mission. Based on this mock sample, we investigate the implications of GW standa

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Zhang, Pengjie, and Hai Yu. "Calibrating systematic errors in the distance determination with the luminosity–distance space large-scale structure of dark sirens and its potential applications." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 507, no. 3 (2021): 3381–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab2329.

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ABSTRACT The cosmological luminosity–distance can be measured from gravitational wave (GW) standard sirens, free of astronomical distance ladders, and the associated systematics. However, it may still contain systematics arising from various astrophysical, cosmological, and experimental sources. With the large amount of dark standard sirens of upcoming third generation GW experiments, such potential systematic bias, can be diagnosed and corrected by statistical tools of the large-scale structure of the universe. We estimate that, by cross-correlating the dark siren luminosity–distance space di

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Yang, Tao, Hyung Mok Lee, Rong-Gen Cai, Han Gil Choi, and Sunghoon Jung. "Space-borne atom interferometric gravitational wave detections. Part II. Dark sirens and finding the one." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2022, no. 01 (2022): 042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2022/01/042.

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Abstract In this paper, we investigate the potential of dark sirens by the space-borne atom interferometric gravitational-wave detectors to probe the Hubble constant. In the mid-frequency band, the sources live a long time. The motion of a detector around the Sun as well as in Earth orbit would induce large Doppler and reorientation effects, providing a precise angular resolution. Such precise localization for the GW sources makes it possible to observe the dark sirens with only one potential host galaxy, which are dubbed “golden dark sirens”. We construct the catalogs of golden dark sirens an

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Wang, Ling-Feng, Yue Shao, Si-Ren Xiao, Jing-Fei Zhang, and Xin Zhang. "Ultra-low-frequency gravitational waves from individual supermassive black hole binaries as standard sirens." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2025, no. 05 (2025): 095. https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/05/095.

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Abstract Ultra-low-frequency gravitational waves (GWs) generated by individual inspiraling supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs) at the centers of galaxies may be detected by pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) in the future. These GW signals, which encode absolute cosmic distances, can serve as bright and dark sirens, potentially evolving into a precise cosmological probe. Here, we show that a PTA in the era of the Square Kilometre Array, comprising 100 millisecond pulsars, could potentially detect about 25 bright sirens and 41 dark sirens over a 10-year observation period. The bright sirens, com

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Xiao, Si-Ren, Yue Shao, Ling-Feng Wang, et al. "Nanohertz gravitational waves from a quasar-based supermassive black hole binary population model as dark sirens." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2025, no. 04 (2025): 060. https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/04/060.

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Abstract Recently, several pulsar timing array (PTA) projects have detected evidence of the existence of a stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) in the nanohertz frequency band, providing confidence in detecting individual supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs) in the future. Nanohertz GWs emitted by inspiraling SMBHBs encode the luminosity distances of SMBHBs. They can serve as dark sirens to explore the cosmic expansion history via a statistical method to obtain the redshift information of GW sources' host galaxies using galaxy catalogs. The theoretical analysis of the dark sire

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Ferri, João, Ian L. Tashiro, L. R. Abramo, Isabela Matos, Miguel Quartin, and Riccardo Sturani. "A robust cosmic standard ruler from the cross-correlations of galaxies and dark sirens." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2025, no. 04 (2025): 008. https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/04/008.

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Abstract Observations of gravitational waves (GWs) from dark sirens allow us to infer their locations and distances. Galaxies, on the other hand, have precise angular positions but no direct measurement of their distances — only redshifts. The cross-correlation of GWs, which we limit here to binary black hole mergers (BBH), in spherical shells of luminosity distance DL , with galaxies in shells of redshift z, leads to a direct measurement of the Hubble diagram DL (z). Since this standard ruler relies only on the statistical proximity of the dark sirens and galaxies (a general property of large

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Keeley, Ryan E., Arman Shafieloo, Benjamin L’Huillier, and Eric V. Linder. "Debiasing cosmic gravitational wave sirens." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 491, no. 3 (2019): 3983–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz3304.

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ABSTRACT Accurate estimation of the Hubble constant, and other cosmological parameters, from distances measured by cosmic gravitational wave sirens requires sufficient allowance for the dark energy evolution. We demonstrate how model-independent statistical methods, specifically Gaussian process regression, can remove bias in the reconstruction of H(z), and can be combined to model independently with supernova distances. This allows stringent tests of both H0 and Λ cold dark matter, and can detect unrecognized systematics. We also quantify the redshift systematic control necessary for the use

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Yu, Jiming, Zhengyan Liu, Xiaohu Yang, et al. "Measuring the Hubble Constant of Binary Neutron Star and Neutron Star–Black Hole Coalescences: Bright Sirens and Dark Sirens." Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 270, no. 2 (2024): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ad0ece.

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Abstract Observations of gravitational waves (GW) provide us with a new probe to study the Universe. GW events can be used as standard sirens if their redshifts are measured. Normally, standard sirens can be divided into bright/dark sirens according to whether the redshifts are measured by electromagnetic (EM) counterpart observations. First, we investigate the capability of the 2.5 m Wide-Field Survey Telescope (WFST) to take follow-up observations of kilonova counterparts. For binary neutron star (BNS) bright sirens, WFST is expected to observe 10–20 kilonovae per year in the second-generati

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Yang, Tao, Rong-Gen Cai, and Hyung Mok Lee. "Space-borne atom interferometric gravitational wave detections. Part III. Eccentricity on dark sirens." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2022, no. 10 (2022): 061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2022/10/061.

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Abstract Eccentricity of the inspiraling compact binaries can greatly improve the distance inference and source localization of dark sirens. In this paper, we continue the research for the space-borne atom interferometric gravitational-wave detector AEDGE and investigate the effects of eccentricity on the dark sirens observed by AEDGE in the mid-band. We simulate five types of typical compact binaries with component mass ranging from 1-100 M ⊙. The largest improvement for both distance inference and localization can be as much as 1.5–3 orders of magnitude. We then construct the catalogs of dar

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Han, Tao, Ze Li, Jing-Fei Zhang, and Xin Zhang. "Revisiting Holographic Dark Energy from the Perspective of Multi-Messenger Gravitational Wave Astronomy: Future Joint Observations with Short Gamma-Ray Bursts." Universe 11, no. 3 (2025): 85. https://doi.org/10.3390/universe11030085.

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The advent of third-generation (3G) gravitational-wave (GW) detectors opens new opportunities for multi-messenger observations of binary neutron star merger events, holding significant potential for probing the history of cosmic expansion. In this paper, we investigate the holographic dark energy (HDE) model by using the future GW standard siren data observed from the 3G GW detectors and the short γ-ray burst THESEUS-like detector joint observations. We find that GW data alone can achieve a relatively precise estimation of the Hubble constant, with precision of 0.2–0.6%, but its ability to con

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Borhanian, Ssohrab, Arnab Dhani, Anuradha Gupta, K. G. Arun, and B. S. Sathyaprakash. "Dark Sirens to Resolve the Hubble–Lemaître Tension." Astrophysical Journal 905, no. 2 (2020): L28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/abcaf5.

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Gair, Jonathan R., Archisman Ghosh, Rachel Gray, et al. "The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy Catalog Approach for Dark Siren Gravitational-wave Cosmology." Astronomical Journal 166, no. 1 (2023): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/acca78.

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Abstract We outline the “dark siren” galaxy catalog method for cosmological inference using gravitational wave (GW) standard sirens, clarifying some common misconceptions in the implementation of this method. When a confident transient electromagnetic counterpart to a GW event is unavailable, the identification of a unique host galaxy is in general challenging. Instead, as originally proposed by Schutz, one can consult a galaxy catalog and implement a dark siren statistical approach incorporating all potential host galaxies within the localization volume. Trott & Huterer recently claimed t

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Chen, Anson, Rachel Gray, and Tessa Baker. "Testing the nature of gravitational wave propagation using dark sirens and galaxy catalogues." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2024, no. 02 (2024): 035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2024/02/035.

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Abstract The dark sirens method enables us to use gravitational wave events without electromagnetic counterparts as tools for cosmology and tests of gravity. Furthermore, the dark sirens analysis code gwcosmo can now robustly account for information coming from both galaxy catalogues and the compact object mass distribution. We present here an extension of the gwcosmo code and methodology to constrain parameterized deviations from General Relativity that affect the propagation of gravitational waves under the ΛCDM expansion history of the universe. We show results of our analysis using data fr

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Cai, Rong-Gen, and Tao Yang. "Space-borne atom interferometric gravitational wave detections. Part I. The forecast of bright sirens on cosmology." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2021, no. 12 (2021): 017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2021/12/017.

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Abstract Atom interferometers (AIs) as gravitational-wave (GW) detectors have been proposed a decade ago. Both ground and space-based projects will be in construction and preparation in the near future. In this paper, for the first time, we investigate the potential of the space-borne AIs on detecting GW standard sirens and hence the applications on cosmology. We consider AEDGE as our fiducial AI GW detector and estimate the number of bright sirens that would be obtained within a 5-years data-taking period of GW and with the follow-up observation of electromagnetic (EM) counterparts. We then c

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Chen, Ju, Changshuo Yan, Youjun Lu, Yuetong Zhao, and Junqiang Ge. "On Dark Gravitational Wave Standard Sirens as Cosmological Inference and Forecasting the Constraint on Hubble Constant using Binary Black Holes Detected by Deci-hertz Observatory." Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 22, no. 1 (2022): 015020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1674-4527/ac3992.

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Abstract Gravitational wave (GW) signals from compact binary coalescences can be used as standard sirens to constrain cosmological parameters if their redshift can be measured independently by electromagnetic signals. However, mergers of stellar binary black holes (BBHs) may not have electromagnetic counterparts and thus have no direct redshift measurements. These dark sirens may be still used to statistically constrain cosmological parameters by combining their GW measured luminosity distances and localization with deep redshift surveys of galaxies around it. We investigate this dark siren me

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Afroz, Samsuzzaman, and Suvodip Mukherjee. "Multi-messenger cosmology: A route to accurate inference of dark energy beyond CPL parametrization from XG detectors." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2025, no. 03 (2025): 070. https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/03/070.

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Abstract One of the central challenges in modern cosmology is understanding the nature of dark energy and its evolution throughout the history of the Universe. Dark energy is commonly modeled as a perfect fluid with a time-varying equation-of-state parameter, w(z), often modeled under CPL parametrization using two parameters w 0 and wa . In this study, we explore both parametric and non-parametric methods to reconstruct the dark energy Equation of State (EoS) using Gravitational Wave (GW) sources, with and without electromagnetic (EM) counterparts called bright sirens and dark sirens respectiv

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Dong, Yue-Yan, Ji-Yu Song, Shang-Jie Jin, Jing-Fei Zhang, and Xin Zhang. "Enhancing dark siren cosmology through multi-band gravitational wave synergetic observations." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2025, no. 05 (2025): 046. https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/05/046.

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Abstract Multi-band gravitational-wave (GW) standard siren observations are poised to herald a new era in the study of cosmic evolution. These observations offer higher signal-to-noise ratios and improved localizations compared to those achieved with single-band GW detection, which are crucial for the cosmological applications of dark sirens. In this work, we explore the role multi-band GW synergetic observations will play in measuring cosmological parameters, particularly in comparison with single GW observatory data. We used mock multi-band dark siren data from third-generation GW detectors

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Song, Ji-Yu, Jing-Zhao Qi, Jing-Fei Zhang, and Xin Zhang. "Model-independent H ₀ within FLRW: Joint Constraints from GWTC-3 Standard Sirens and Strong Lensing Time Delays." Astrophysical Journal Letters 985, no. 2 (2025): L44. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/add999.

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Abstract We use 47 gravitational-wave (GW) standard sirens from the third Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog to calibrate distances in the strong gravitational lensing (SGL) system RXJ1131-1231 and constrain the Hubble constant (H 0) via the distance sum rule, without assuming a specific cosmological model. For Ω K = 0, we obtain H 0 = 73.2 2 − 5.43 + 5.95 km s−1 Mpc−1 and H 0 = 70.4 0 − 5.60 + 8.03 km s−1 Mpc−1 by breaking the mass-sheet transform using lens galaxy’s mass model and stellar kinematics, respectively. Allowing Ω K to vary increases the central value of H 0 and reduces its prec

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Escamilla-Rivera, Celia, and Antonio Nájera. "Dynamical dark energy models in the light of gravitational-wave transient catalogues." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2022, no. 03 (2022): 060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2022/03/060.

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Abstract The study of current gravitational waves (GW) catalogues provide an interesting model independent way to understand further the nature of dark energy. In this work, we present an update of the constrains related to dynamical dark energy parametrisations using recent Gravitational-Wave Transient catalogues (GWTC-1 and GWTC-2) along with Type Ia supernova (SNeIa) and Cosmic Chronometers (CC) catalogues. According to our Bayesian results using the full SNeIa+CC+GW database, the ΛCDM model shows a strong preference against two dark energy parameterisation known as Barboza-Alcaniz (BA) and

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Linder, Eric V. "Gravitational wave sirens as a triple probe of dark energy." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2008, no. 03 (2008): 019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2008/03/019.

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Bonilla, Alexander, Suresh Kumar, Rafael C. Nunes, and Supriya Pan. "Reconstruction of the dark sectors’ interaction: A model-independent inference and forecast from GW standard sirens." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 512, no. 3 (2022): 4231–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac687.

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ABSTRACT Interacting dark matter (DM) – dark energy (DE) models have been intensively investigated in the literature for their ability to fit various data sets as well as to explain some observational tensions persisting within the ΛCDM cosmology. In this work, we employ the Gaussian processes (GP) algorithm to perform a joint analysis by using the geometrical cosmological probes such as Cosmic chronometers, Supernova Type Ia, Baryon Acoustic Oscillations, and the H0LiCOW lenses sample to infer a reconstruction of the coupling function between the dark components in a general framework, where

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Raffai, Peter, Mária Pálfi, Gergely Dálya, and Rachel Gray. "Constraints on Coasting Cosmological Models from Gravitational-wave Standard Sirens." Astrophysical Journal 961, no. 1 (2024): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad1035.

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Abstract We present the first test of coasting cosmological models with gravitational-wave (GW) standard sirens observed in the first three observing runs of the LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA detector network. We apply the statistical galaxy catalog method adapted to coasting cosmologies and infer constraints on the H 0 Hubble constant for the three fixed values of the curvature parameter k = − 1 , 0 , + 1 in H 0 2 c − 2 units. The maximum posteriors and 68.3% highest density intervals we obtained from a combined analysis of 46 dark siren detections and a single bright siren detection are H 0 = 68.1 − 5.6

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Leyde, Konstantin, Tessa Baker, and Wolfgang Enzi. "Cosmic cartography: Bayesian reconstruction of the galaxy density informed by large-scale structure." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2024, no. 12 (2024): 013. https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2024/12/013.

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Abstract The dark sirens method combines gravitational waves and catalogs of galaxies to constrain the cosmological expansion history, merger rates and mass distributions of compact objects, and the laws of gravity. However, the incompleteness of galaxy catalogs means faint potential host galaxies are unobserved, and must be modeled to avoid inducing a bias. The majority of dark sirens analyses to date assume that the missing galaxies are distributed uniformly across the sky, which is clearly unphysical. We introduce a new Bayesian approach to the reconstruction of galaxy catalogs, which makes

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Chen, Anson. "Measuring the cosmic dipole with golden dark sirens in the era of next-generation ground-based gravitational wave detectors." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2025, no. 07 (2025): 076. https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/07/076.

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Abstract The tensions between cosmological parameter measurements from the early-universe and the late-universe datasets offer an exciting opportunity to explore new physics, if not accounted for unknown systematics. Apart from the well-known Hubble tension, a tension up to ∼4.9σ in the cosmic dipole has also been reported. While the cosmic dipole is mainly induced by the observer's kinetic motion, an intrinsic dipole arising from the anisotropy of the universe could also play an import role. Such an intrinsic anisotropy can be a dark energy mimicker that causes the observed accelerating expan

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Colangeli, Elena, Konstantin Leyde, and Tessa Baker. "A bright future? Prospects for cosmological tests of GR with multimessenger gravitational wave events." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2025, no. 05 (2025): 078. https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/05/078.

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Abstract Further bright sirens — gravitational wave events with electromagnetic counterparts — are keenly awaited, but proving elusive. The exceptional event GW170817 had a profound impact on the landscape of viable cosmological extensions of General Relativity (GR); can we expect this kind of shift to be repeated in the next decade? In this work we will assess the potential constraints from bright sirens in the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA O5 era and third generation detector era. We set up the statistical formalism for our constraints, and generate and analyse simulated data in the context of general sc

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Bachega, Riis R. A., André A. Costa, E. Abdalla, and K. S. F. Fornazier. "Forecasting the interaction in dark matter-dark energy models with standard sirens from the Einstein telescope." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2020, no. 05 (2020): 021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2020/05/021.

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Gray, R., C. Messenger, and J. Veitch. "A pixelated approach to galaxy catalogue incompleteness: improving the dark siren measurement of the Hubble constant." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 512, no. 1 (2022): 1127–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac366.

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ABSTRACT The use of gravitational wave standard sirens for cosmological analyses is becoming well known, with particular interest in measuring the Hubble constant, H0, and in shedding light on the current tension between early- and late-time measurements. The current tension is over 4σ and standard sirens will be able to provide a completely independent measurement. Dark sirens (binary black hole or neutron star mergers with no electromagnetic counterparts) can be informative if the missing redshift information is provided through the use of galaxy catalogues to identify potential host galaxie

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Yu, Hang, Brian Seymour, Yijun Wang, and Yanbei Chen. "Uncertainty and Bias of Cosmology and Astrophysical Population Model from Statistical Dark Sirens." Astrophysical Journal 941, no. 2 (2022): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac9da0.

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Abstract Gravitational-wave (GW) radiation from a coalescing compact binary is a standard siren, as the luminosity distance of each event can be directly measured from the amplitude of the signal. One possibility to constrain cosmology using the GW siren is to perform statistical inference on a population of binary black hole (BBH) events. In essence, this statistical method can be viewed as follows. We can modify the shape of the distribution of observed BBH events by changing the cosmological parameters until it eventually matches the distribution constructed from an astrophysical population

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Finke, Andreas, Stefano Foffa, Francesco Iacovelli, Michele Maggiore, and Michele Mancarella. "Cosmology with LIGO/Virgo dark sirens: Hubble parameter and modified gravitational wave propagation." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2021, no. 08 (2021): 026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2021/08/026.

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Yang, Weiqiang, Sunny Vagnozzi, Eleonora Di Valentino, Rafael C. Nunes, Supriya Pan, and David F. Mota. "Listening to the sound of dark sector interactions with gravitational wave standard sirens." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2019, no. 07 (2019): 037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2019/07/037.

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Gray, Rachel, Freija Beirnaert, Christos Karathanasis, et al. "Joint cosmological and gravitational-wave population inference using dark sirens and galaxy catalogues." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2023, no. 12 (2023): 023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2023/12/023.

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Abstract In the absence of numerous gravitational-wave detections with confirmed electromagnetic counterparts, the “dark siren” method has emerged as a leading technique of gravitational-wave cosmology. The method allows redshift information of such events to be inferred statistically from a catalogue of potential host galaxies. Due to selection effects, dark siren analyses necessarily depend on the mass distribution of compact objects and the evolution of their merger rate with redshift. Informative priors on these quantities will impact the inferred posterior constraints on the Hubble consta

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Asghari, Mahnaz, Alireza Allahyari, and David F. Mota. "Gravitational wave probes of Barrow cosmology with LISA standard sirens." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2024, no. 06 (2024): 044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2024/06/044.

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Abstract We study the Barrow cosmological model, which proposes that quantum gravity effects create a complex, fractal structure for the universe's apparent horizon. We leverage the thermodynamics-gravity conjecture. By applying the Clausius relation to the apparent horizon of the Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker universe within this framework, we derive modified field equations where the Barrow entropy is linked to the horizon. We assess the Barrow cosmology against current observations — cosmic microwave background, supernovae, and baryon acoustic oscillations data — and include projectio

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Yang, Weiqiang, Supriya Pan, David F. Mota, and Minghui Du. "Forecast constraints on anisotropic stress in dark energy using gravitational waves." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 497, no. 1 (2020): 879–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa1859.

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ABSTRACT It is always interesting to investigate how well can a future experiment perform with respect to others (present or future ones). Cosmology is really an exciting field where a lot of puzzles are still unknown. In this paper, we consider a generalized dark energy (DE) scenario where anisotropic stress is present. We constrain this generalized cosmic scenario with an aim to investigate how gravitational waves standard sirens (GWSS) may constrain the anisotropic stress, which, according to the standard cosmological probes, remains unconstrained. In order to do this, we generate the lumin

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Wang, Bo, Dong-Ze He, Ling-Feng Wang, Hai-Li Li, and Yi Zhang. "Prospects for constraining interacting dark energy cosmology with gravitational-wave bright sirens detected by future FAST/SKA-era pulsar timing arrays." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2025, no. 04 (2025): 068. https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/04/068.

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Abstract We explore the constraints on cosmological parameters in interacting dark energy (IDE) models with energy transfer rates Q = βH ρ de and Q = βH ρ c, using simulated gravitational-wave (GW) bright sirens data from pulsar timing array (PTA) and Planck 2018 cosmic microwave background (CMB) data. By incorporating the mock PTA data from future observations in the FAST/SKA era, we demonstrate significant improvements on the constraint precision of key cosmological parameters such as the Hubble constant H 0, matter density Ω m , and the coupling parameter β. In the IDE model with Q = βH ρ d

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Leyde, K., S. Mastrogiovanni, D. A. Steer, E. Chassande-Mottin, and C. Karathanasis. "Current and future constraints on cosmology and modified gravitational wave friction from binary black holes." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2022, no. 09 (2022): 012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2022/09/012.

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Abstract Gravitational wave (GW) standard sirens are well-established probes with which one can measure cosmological parameters, and are complementary to other probes like the cosmic microwave background (CMB) or supernovae standard candles. Here we focus on dark GW sirens, specifically binary black holes (BBHs) for which there is only GW data. Our approach relies on the assumption of a source frame mass model for the BBH distribution, and we consider four models that are representative of the BBH population observed so far. In addition to inferring cosmological and mass model parameters, we u

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Caprini, Chiara, and Nicola Tamanini. "Constraining early and interacting dark energy with gravitational wave standard sirens: the potential of the eLISA mission." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2016, no. 10 (2016): 006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2016/10/006.

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Poddar, Tanmay Kumar, Anish Ghoshal, and Gaetano Lambiase. "Listening to dark sirens from gravitational waves : Combined effects of fifth force, ultralight particle radiation, and eccentricity." Physics of the Dark Universe 46 (December 2024): 101651. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dark.2024.101651.

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Di Valentino, Eleonora. "A combined analysis of the H0 late time direct measurements and the impact on the Dark Energy sector." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 502, no. 2 (2021): 2065–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab187.

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ABSTRACT We combine 23 Hubble constant measurements based on Cepheids-SN Ia, TRGB-SN Ia, Miras-SN Ia, Masers, Tully Fisher, Surface Brightness Fluctuations, SN II, Time-delay Lensing, Standard Sirens and γ-ray Attenuation, obtaining our best optimistic H0 estimate, that is H0 = 72.94 ± 0.75 km s–1 Mpc–1 at 68 per cent CL. This is in 5.9σ tension with the ΛCDM model, therefore we evaluate its impact on the extended Dark Energy cosmological models that can alleviate the tension. We find more than 4.9σ evidence for a phantom Dark Energy equation of state in the wCDM scenario, the cosmological con

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Poggiani, Rosa. "Estimating Hubble Constant with Gravitational Observations: A Concise Review." Galaxies 13, no. 3 (2025): 65. https://doi.org/10.3390/galaxies13030065.

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The Hubble constant is of paramount importance in astrophysics and cosmology. A large number of methods have been developed with different electromagnetic probes to estimate its value. The most recent results show a tension between values obtained from Cosmic Microwave Background observations and supernovae. The simultaneous detection of gravitational waves and electromagnetic radiation from GW170817 provided a direct estimation of the Hubble constant that did not depend on the astronomical distance ladder. This concise review will present the methods to estimate the Hubble constant with the g

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Naem, Dr Ali Dakhil Naem. "ARAB MUSLIM CHARACTERS IN KHADRA’S NOVEL THE SIRENS OF BAGHDAD." Thi Qar Arts Journal 1, no. 44 (2023): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.32792/tqartj.v1i44.466.

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In this study, the researcher presented the American’s views of Islam and Muslims in Khadra’s Novel The Sirens of Baghdad. The image of Arab Muslim character is portrayed differently by the post-colonial novelists post September attacks 2001 on the World Trade Centre towers situated in New York City, USA. Since the accident, many American writers who represent the Western values have endeavored to stigmatize the picture of Arab Muslims through their writings using variant depictions to confirm their ‘Others’ as they consider the Arab Muslims their foes in the world. Consequently, the American

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Yan, Changshuo, Wen Zhao, and Youjun Lu. "On Using Inspiraling Supermassive Binary Black Holes in the PTA Frequency Band as Standard Sirens to Constrain Dark Energy." Astrophysical Journal 889, no. 2 (2020): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab60a6.

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Rezaei, Mehdi, Supriya Pan, Weiqiang Yang, and David F. Mota. "Evidence of dynamical dark energy in a non-flat universe: current and future observations." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2024, no. 01 (2024): 052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2024/01/052.

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Abstract We investigate the dark energy phenomenology in an extended parameter space where we allow the curvature density of our universe as a free-to-vary parameter. The inclusion of the curvature density parameter is motivated from the recently released observational evidences indicating the closed universe model at many standard deviations. Here we assume that the dark energy equation-of-state follows the PADE approximation, a generalized parametrization that may recover a variety of existing dark energy models. Considering three distinct PADE parametrizations, labeled as PADE-I, SPADE-I an

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