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Academic literature on the topic 'Darwin Harbour (N.T.)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Darwin Harbour (N.T.)"
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Salum, Rafaela B., Sharon A. Robinson, and Kerrylee Rogers. "A Validated and Accurate Method for Quantifying and Extrapolating Mangrove Above-Ground Biomass Using LiDAR Data." Remote Sensing 13, no. 14 (July 14, 2021): 2763. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13142763.
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LiDAR data and derived canopy height models can provide useful information about mangrove tree heights that assist with quantifying mangrove above-ground biomass. This study presents a validated method for quantifying mangrove heights using LiDAR data and calibrating this against plot-based estimates of above-ground biomass. This approach was initially validated for the mangroves of Darwin Harbour, in Northern Australia, which are structurally complex and have high species diversity. Established relationships were then extrapolated to the nearby West Alligator River, which provided the opportunity to quantify biomass at a remote location where intensive fieldwork was limited. Relationships between LiDAR-derived mangrove heights and mean tree height per plot were highly robust for Ceriops tagal, Rhizophora stylosa and Sonneratia alba (r2 = 0.84–0.94, RMSE = 0.03–0.91 m; RMSE% = 0.07%–11.27%), and validated well against an independent dataset. Additionally, relationships between the derived canopy height model and field-based estimates of above-ground biomass were also robust and validated (r2 = 0.73–0.90, RMSE = 141.4 kg–1098.58 kg, RMSE% of 22.94–39.31%). Species-specific estimates of tree density per plot were applied in order to align biomass of individual trees with the resolution of the canopy height model. The total above-ground biomass at Darwin Harbour was estimated at 120 t ha−1 and comparisons with prior estimates of mangrove above-ground biomass confirmed the accuracy of this assessment. To establish whether accurate and validated relationships could be extrapolated elsewhere, the established relationships were applied to a LiDAR-derived canopy height model at nearby West Alligator River. Above-ground biomass derived from extrapolated relationships was estimated at 206 t ha−1, which compared well with prior biomass estimates, confirming that this approach can be extrapolated to remote locations, providing the mangrove forests are biogeographically similar. The validated method presented in this study can be used for reporting mangrove carbon storage under national obligations, and is useful for quantifying carbon within various markets.
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Moravec, F., B. Diggles, L. Barnes, and W. Macbeth. "Buckleyella ornata n. sp. (Nematoda: Philometridae) from the abdominal cavity of the talang queenfish Scomberoides commersonnianus (Perciformes: Carangidae) off the northern coast of Australia." Helminthologia 51, no. 3 (September 1, 2014): 230–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11687-014-0234-7.
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AbstractA new nematode species, Buckleyella ornata n. sp. (Philometridae), is described from female specimens found in the abdominal cavity (mesenteries) of the talang queenfish Scomberoides commersonnianus Lacepède (Carangidae, Perciformes) caught in Darwin Harbour, northern Australia. Based on light and scanning electron microscopical examination, the new species mainly differs from the only other congeneric species B. buckleyi Rasheed, 1963 in having a markedly shorter oesophagus (2.04–2.75 mm long), by the absence of a cephalic mound around the mouth aperture, by the presence of four submedian cephalic papillae of the inner circle, and by a somewhat different arrangement of cuticular ornamentations on the body surface. Three protruding oesophageal teeth and large, dome-shaped cephalic papillae of the external circle present in the smallest gravid female of B. ornata are atrophied in larger conspecific gravid females. Buckleyella ornata is the first known nominal species of a philometrid parasitizing carangid fishes in Australian waters.
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Stone, I. R., and R. J. Crampton. "‘A disastrous affair’; the Franco-British attack on Petropavlovsk, 1854." Polar Record 22, no. 141 (September 1985): 629–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003224740000632x.
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AbstractThe battle of Petropavlovsk in August/September 1854 was a significant though little known victory for the Russians during the Crimean War. Petropavlovsk, i n Kamchatka, was attacked by a Franco-British naval force intending to destroy Russian ships within the harbour and to render the port unusable as a naval base. Allied plans were disrupted by the death ofthe commander in chief, the British Admiral Price, just before the action was joined. A bombardment on 31 August badly damaged the harbour defences and, if followed up, would probably have resulted in success. After a gap of three days, the allies mounted a landing in the rear of the town which was, after severefighting, repelled by the Russians. After this defeat, the squadron dispersed t o ports on the other side of the Pacific.
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RODRIGUES, CLARA F., P. GRAHAM OLIVER, and MARINA R. CUNHA. "Thyasiroidea (Mollusca: Bivalvia) from the mud volcanoes of the Gulf of Cadiz (NE Atlantic)." Zootaxa 1752, no. 1 (April 18, 2008): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1752.1.2.
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The Thyasiroidea collected from the mud volcanoes of the Gulf of Cadiz are reviewed. Of the seven species identified only one, Thyasira vulcolutre n. sp., is closely associated with a chemosynthetic setting. This species has anatomical features typical of chemosymbiotic taxa and is compared with T. sarsi (Philippi, 1845), T. southwardae Oliver & Holmes, 2006, T. oleophila Clarke, 1989 and T. methanophila Oliver & Sellanes, 2005. The other six, Thyasira (Parathyasira) granulosa (Monterosato, 1874), Thyasira tortuosa (Jeffreys, 1881), Thyasira obsoleta (Verrill & Bush, 1898), Axinulus croulinensis (Jeffreys, 1847), Mendicula ferruginosa (Forbes, 1844) and Leptaxinus minutus Verrill & Bush 1898, are previously known from typical deep-water benthic settings. Of these only A. croulinensis is known to harbour chemosymbionts although the gill anatomy of T. tortuosa suggests that it might also be chemosymbiotic. Thyasira vulcolutre is restricted to active seeps but there is no pattern in the distribution of the other species.
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Cui, Yonggang, Wei Haur Lam, Tianming Zhang, Chong Sun, Desmond Robinson, and Gerard Hamill. "Temporal Model for Ship Twin-Propeller Jet Induced Sandbed Scour." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 7, no. 10 (September 27, 2019): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse7100339.
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This research paper proposes the use of empirical equations to estimate the temporal maximum scour that is induced by twin-propeller ( ε t w i n = Ω t [ l n ( t ) ] Γ t ) when acting over non-cohesive bed materials. A purpose built experimental apparatus is used to obtain the measurement data required for the calculation of the empirical constants. The output from rigorous experimental investigations demonstrates that the maximum scour depth produced from the operation of twin-propeller ( ε t w i n ), within the confines of a harbour basin, varies as a logarithmic function of time. A dimensional analysis of the standard single propeller configuration is used as the foundation upon which the scour equation is postulated. This is extended to include the influence of the operating distance between the twin-propeller configurations for the first time. The division of scours by twin-propeller and single-propeller ( ε twin / ε m ) enables the establishment of mathematical relation to calculate C1, C2, A, and B. The constants are C 1 = 366.11, C 2 = 0.3376, A = 0.859, and B = 0.1571. The proposed scour equation is more reliable within the time zone up to two hours based on the experimental data.
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Mwamuye, Micky M., David Odongo, Yvette Kazungu, Fatuma Kindoro, Paul Gwakisa, Richard P. Bishop, Ard M. Nijhof, and Isaiah Obara. "Variant analysis of the sporozoite surface antigen gene reveals that asymptomatic cattle from wildlife-livestock interface areas in northern Tanzania harbour buffalo-derived T. parva." Parasitology Research 119, no. 11 (October 3, 2020): 3817–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-020-06902-1.
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Abstract Buffalo-derived Theileria parva can ‘break through’ the immunity induced by the infection and treatment vaccination method (ITM) in cattle. However, no such ‘breakthroughs’ have been reported in northern Tanzania where there has been long and widespread ITM use in pastoralist cattle, and the Cape buffalo (Syncerus caffer) is also present. We studied the exposure of vaccinated and unvaccinated cattle in northern Tanzania to buffalo-derived T. parva using p67 gene polymorphisms and compared this to its distribution in vaccinated cattle exposed to buffalo-derived T. parva in central Kenya, where vaccine ‘breakthroughs’ have been reported. Additionally, we analysed the CD8+ T cell target antigen Tp2 for positive selection. Our results showed that 10% of the p67 sequences from Tanzanian cattle (n = 39) had a buffalo type p67 (allele 4), an allele that is rare among East African isolates studied so far. The percentage of buffalo-derived p67 alleles observed in Kenyan cattle comprised 19% of the parasites (n = 36), with two different p67 alleles (2 and 3) of presumptive buffalo origin. The Tp2 protein was generally conserved with only three Tp2 variants from Tanzania (n = 33) and five from Kenya (n = 40). Two Tanzanian Tp2 variants and two Kenyan Tp2 variants were identical to variants present in the trivalent Muguga vaccine. Tp2 evolutionary analysis did not show evidence for positive selection within previously mapped epitope coding sites. The p67 data indicates that some ITM-vaccinated cattle are protected against disease induced by a buffalo-derived T. parva challenge in northern Tanzania and suggests that the parasite genotype may represent one factor explaining this.
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Keever, Gary J., and William J. Foster. "Chemically Induced Branching of Woody Landscape Plants." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 8, no. 2 (June 1, 1990): 78–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-8.2.78.
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Abstract Axillary budbreak of Ilex Crenata Thunb. ‘Helleri’ and ‘Ilex vomitoria’ Ait. ‘Stoke's Dwarf’ hollies was promoted by a single BA (N-(phenylmethyl)-1H-purin-6-amine) application of 125–1000 ppm compared to an unpruned control. Budbreak of Photinia × Fraseri Dress was stimulated by 500–2500 ppm BA and 2000–5000 ppm Promalin (BA + GA4+7). Budbreak in Nandina domestica Thunb. ‘Harbour Dwarf’ increased with 1000–2500 ppm BA and 2000–5000 ppm Promalin application. Budbreak of Rhododendron × ‘Formosa’ azalea was promoted by 2000 and 2500 ppm BA and 2000–5000 ppm Promalin. Axillary budbreak of Ternstroemia gymnanthera (Wight & Arn.) T. Sprague) and Raphiolepis indica (L.) Lindl. was not affected by BA or Promalin application.
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Koschinski, Sven, Ansgar Diederichs, and Mats Amundin. "Click train patterns of free-ranging harbour porpoises acquired using T-PODs may be useful as indicators of their behaviour." J. Cetacean Res. Manage. 10, no. 2 (February 15, 2023): 147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.47536/jcrm.v10i2.649.
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Harbour porpoise signals consist of directional, high frequency stereotypic clicks which can be logged using T-PODs. Variation in interclick intervals (ICIs) can be used to distinguish different acoustic behaviours. So far, studies on ICI variation are mostly descriptive and the behavioural context in which certain click train patterns are emitted is poorly understood. In this study, the behaviour of free-ranging porpoises was quantified by using typical ICI patterns known from the literature. These were recorded using two T-PODs deployed at a wind farm site (Nysted, Denmark) between 14 June and 12 July 2005 and during the entanglement of a porpoise calf in a gillnet (Clayoquot Sound Canada). It was possible to distinguish between feeding, approach behaviour and communication and known ICI patterns associated with these behaviours were used to categorise acoustic data. During feeding typical click trains start with long ICIs (30-70ms) and end with ICIs down to about 2ms. In a transition phase ICIs rapidly decrease. Click trains attributed to feeding were found in the wind farm data at a rate of 6.3d–1 (n=174) with a patchy distribution. We found 20 to 74s long click train sequences with ICIs gradually decreasing from a median of 72ms (range 34 to 143ms) down to 5ms at a rate of 1.6day–1 (n=45). This was interpreted as approach behaviour, in which the animal was acoustically ‘locked on’ to a reflective structure. Communication signals are built up of click trains with very short ICIs (<7.7ms). During the entanglement of a porpoise calf, three different call types were determined at a rate of 8.9min–1 (n=89). One call with variable duration (100 to 890ms) and relatively stable ICIs as low as 3.6ms resembled ‘distress calls’ described by Amundin (1991b). Another call type with durations from 780 to 830ms and ICIs ranging from 3.0 to 10 ms and thus different with respect to ICI curve progression was found only three times. These had a U-shaped ICI curve, similar to an ‘alarm’ or ‘fright’ call described by Busnel and Dziedzic (1966). A third and previously unreported call is characterised by a long call duration (up to 1,270ms) and sometimes oscillating ICIs with an initial decrease from about 9ms to around 7ms and an increase towards the end. The data presented suggest that the T-POD is a promising tool for behavioural studies. It is possible to recognise certain acoustic behavioural categories described in the literature, but it is important to look at the temporal context with other vocalisations in T-POD data, such as ICIs of preceding click trains.
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Tabrizi, Sepehr N., Barbara A. Paterson, Christopher K. Fairley, Francis J. Bowden, and Suzanne M. Garland. "Comparison of tampon and urine as self-administered methods of specimen collection in the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis , Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Trichomonas vaginalis in women." International Journal of STD & AIDS 9, no. 6 (June 1, 1998): 347–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0956462981922386.
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1 Department of Microbiology, The Royal Women's Hospital, Victoria, 2 Menzies School of Health Research, Rocklands Drive, Tiwi, 3 Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Alfred Hospital, Monash University, Prahran, Victoria and 4 AIDS/STD Unit, Centre for Disease Control, Territory Health Services, Darwin, Australia Summary: Self-administered sampling techniques for the detection of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are particularly useful due to their ease of collection and better patient compliance. Urine specimens, and recently tampons, have been described as methods of specimen collection for the detection of some STDs in women. In this study, 660 women had both first-void urine (FVU) and tampon specimens analysed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis , Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Trichomonas vaginalis . Overall 6.5%, 10.1% and 17.9% of urine samples were positive whereas 7%, 21.2% and 22% of tampon specimens were positive for C. trachomatis , N. gonorrhoeae and T. vaginalis respectively. Tampon-collected specimens tested by PCR were more sensitive than urine specimens for the detection of N. gonorrhoeae and T. vaginalis ( P 0.001) and equally sensitive for the detection of C. trachomatis ( P =0.45). <
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Margalit, Ben, and Tsvi Piran. "Shock within a shock: revisiting the radio flares of NS merger ejecta and gamma-ray burst-supernovae." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 495, no. 4 (May 30, 2020): 4981–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa1486.
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ABSTRACT Fast ejecta expelled in binary neutron star (NS) mergers or energetic supernovae (SNe) should produce late-time synchrotron radio emission as the ejecta shocks into the surrounding ambient medium. Models for such radio flares typically assume the ejecta expands into an unperturbed interstellar medium (ISM). However, it is also well known that binary NS mergers and broad-lined Ic SNe Ic can harbour relativistic jetted outflows. In this work, we show that such jets shock the ambient ISM ahead of the ejecta, thus evacuating the medium into which the ejecta subsequently collides. Using an idealized spherically symmetric model, we illustrate that this inhibits the ejecta radio flare at early times $t \lt t_{\rm col} \approx 12 \, {\rm yr} \, (E_{\rm j}/10^{49} \, {\rm erg})^{1/3} (n/1 \, {\rm cm}^{-3})^{-1/3} (\upsilon _{\rm ej}/0.1c)^{-5/3}$, where Ej is the jet energy, n the ISM density, and $\upsilon$ej the ejecta velocity. We also show that this can produce a sharply peaked enhancement in the light curve at t = tcol. This has implications for radio observations of GW170817 and future binary NS mergers, gamma-ray burst (GRB) SNe, decade-long radio transients such as FIRST J1419, and possibly other events where a relativistic outflow precedes a slower moving ejecta. Future numerical work will extend these analytic estimates and treat the multidimensional nature of the problem.