Relevant bibliographies by topics / Darwins Theory of Evolution

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Academic literature on the topic 'Darwins Theory of Evolution'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Darwins Theory of Evolution"

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V., Latha, and Meera B.K. "FOR THE FOND REMEMBRANCE OF CHARLES DARWIN." International Journal of Advanced Research 11, no. 03 (2023): 226–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/16411.

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Evolution refers to genetic changes in populations of organisms through time that lead to differences among them and the theory proposed to explain this concept is called the THEORY OF EVOLUTION. The credit of deriving a probable evolutionary pathway through systematic study of evolution of contemporary organisms from the earliest protoplast goes to Charles Darwin. The present review article makes an effort to understand, Darwins theory of evolution as such and its analysis in the light of recent advances in Science and Technology. The article has tried to introduce the concept of Neo-Darwinism too.
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Korsgaard, Ove. "Om Grundtvigs udviklingslære - og noget om Darwins." Grundtvig-Studier 62, no. 1 (2011): 124–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/grs.v62i1.16583.

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Om Grundtvigs udviklingslære - og noget om Darwins[About Grundtvig ’s theory of evolution - and something about Darwin ’s]By Ove KorsgaardThe idea expressed in the Danish word “udvikling” (meaning both ‘development’ and ‘evolution’) forms a principal category in the works of, respectively, Grundtvig and Darwin. However, while Darwin studied nature, Grundtvig was primarily preoccupied with history. Grundtvig’s two-front war against materialism and idealism is reflected in a great part of his writings. As far as nature is concerned, he was looking for a third position offering a different stance compared to the trends dominating in contemporary theology and natural science. Departing from his essay “On Man’s Condition in the World” from 1817, Grundtvig started to sketch a theory of evolution based upon a model of nature depicted as a ladder with each step representing a particular quality. Mineral kingdom stands for form, vegetable kingdom additionally for life, animal kingdom supplements with consciousness and, finally, human beings with self-consciousness. According to Grundtvig, it is the interaction between “hand and mouth” - from the grip of the hand to an understanding expressed in language - that is the most important motivating drive in the development of self-consciousness. In an epilogue, the author refers to natural scientist Jesper Hoffmeyer, who questions whether Darwin in his works on evolutionism did offer an exhaustive explanation of evolution. Hoffmeyer himself refuses to choose between believing in a conception of nature in which an intelligent being cannot possibly feel at home and believing that man becomes a living soul by receiving the breath of God.
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Agai, J. M. "A Reflection on the legacies of Charles Darwin." Theologia Viatorum 41, no. 1 (2017): 23–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/tv.v41i1.18.

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The biological theory of human evolution existed before Charles Darwin. His view on the origins of animals attracted much debate among scientists and Chris-tians since 1859. Darwin’s view on the causes of variation among species which led to the emergence of humans has contributed to the development of an ideology according to which he is the father of evolution. This research is a historical reflection on Darwin’s life and his theory of evolution. The author describes the views that existed and still exist as responses to Darwin's life and his theory of evolution. The research is aimed at appreciating Darwin’s legacies and his contribution to the development of the various schools of thoughts among Christians regarding the creation/evolution debate.
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Lamekhova, Elena Anatolyevna. "Methodological approaches to the study of Ch. Darwin’s theory of natural selection in the school biology course." Samara Journal of Science 10, no. 3 (2021): 251–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv2021103309.

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Currently, some previously recognized ideas are being re-evaluated in biological education, which confirms the need to improve and further develop the methodology for studying and teaching the theory of evolution. Relevant in this regard are the selection of the content and the development of a methodology for studying Darwins theory of natural selection in the school biology course, which determined the purpose of the study. The purpose of the paper is to develop a methodology for studying some issues of Darwins theory of natural selection in the school biology course. The paper offers a variant of the program and a method for studying the most complex issues of the topic. Natural selection, which manifests itself as a consequence of the struggle for existence, should be described by formulating a definition, describing the mechanism and results of action. The study of natural selection should be accompanied by evidence of its leading role in evolution. Describing the struggle for existence as a factor of evolution, it is necessary to emphasize its ecological essence. The results of the action of natural selection should be described taking into account their cause-and-effect relationships, accompanying this with examples, using various manuals and tasks and carrying out practical work. The description of the methodology for studying the issues of the topic is of theoretical significance, and the given methodological recommendations for studying the prerequisites for the emergence of Darwinism, the doctrine of the variability of organisms, the struggle for existence, natural selection and other issues are of practical importance and will ensure a successful assimilation of this complex material by students.
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Humeniuk, H. B., I. B. Chen, and O. S. Voloshyn. "Charles Darwin, an evolutionary scientist." Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv 25 (August 30, 2019): 344–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v25.1189.

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Charles Robert Darwin is an English naturalist, geologist and biologist. He was one of the first to realize and clearly demonstrated that all living organisms evolved over time from common ancestors. The main driving force of evolution was called natural selection and uncertain variability. The existence of evolution was recognized by most scientists during the life of Charles Darwin, while his theory of natural selection, as the main explanation of evolution, became universally recognized only in the 30’s of the XX century. The ideas and discoveries of Charles Darwin, in a revised form, form the foundation of a modern synthetic theory of evolution and form the basis of biology, providing a logical explanation for biodiversity. Orthodox followers of Darwin’s teachings develop the direction of the evolutionary thought bearing his name Darwinism.
 Keywords: evolution, natural selection, uncertain variability, theory, biodiversity.
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Nungesser, Frithjof. "The Evolution of Pragmatism." European Journal of Sociology 58, no. 2 (2017): 327–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003975617000121.

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AbstractThe pragmatist theory of history, action, and sociality can be understood as the result of a specific interpretation of Darwin’s theory of evolution, which has nothing in common with teleological, reductionist, or social Darwinist evolutionary models. Thishistorical claimwill be developed in three steps. First, I will show why Darwin’s theory was so attractive to the classical pragmatists and how theirconception of historywas affected by their reading of Darwin. Second, I will illustrate how the pragmatist understanding ofindividual actionwas influenced by contemporary discussions in evolutionary theory, physiology, and psychology. Third, I will discuss pragmatism’s “cultural naturalism” (John Dewey), according to which a new, autonomous level ofsociocultural changeemerges as a result of the process of biological evolution. The reconstruction of pragmatist evolutionary thought not only aims to achieve a better historical understanding of pragmatism but also implies asystematic and theoretical claim. As will be argued in the last section of this paper, thetimeliness and continuing relevance of pragmatismis largely due to the fact that it took shape in a transdisciplinary context and remained an “empirically responsible” theory (Erkki Kilpinen). Currently, various innovative developments within psychology, the cognitive sciences, neurophysiology, and ethology are connected with the core insights of pragmatism, thereby supporting the argument that pragmatism is still evolving.
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Marciano, Alain, and Roger Koppl. "Darwin, Darwinism and social Darwinism: What do we learn from Darwin's theory of social evolution?" Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 71, no. 1 (2009): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2009.02.012.

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Bender, Bert. "Frank Norris on the Evolution and Repression of the Sexual Instinct." Nineteenth-Century Literature 54, no. 1 (1999): 73–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2902998.

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Frank Norris's emphasis on sex is best seen as part of a cultural response to Darwin's theory of sexual selection. Following Joseph Le Conte's effort to spiritualize evolution and move beyond Darwin and the neo-Darwinians, Norris first gave us characters like Vandover and McTeague-more fully animalistic than any American characters before them-and finally characters like the highly civilized and somewhat "divine" Laura Jadwin in The Pit. All of Norris's characters contend with the elements of sexual selection defined by Darwin-e.g., the male's "secondary sexual character" of "prehensile" power or the power of sexual attraction in music and dance. Only his later characters succeed in transcending sexual selection to express "love," a product of higher evolution that is simply beyond primitive characters like McTeague or people of mixed race in Norris's novels. Norris is best seen as a participant (along with Le Conte) in "the eclipse of Darwinism" by several "anti-Darwinian evolution theories" at the turn of the century. Norris's role in this cultural movement included his use of Darwin's theory of the expression and repression of emotions in order to repress, and to present characters who repressed, the sexual instinct. It is ironic that his most forceful effort in this regard (in The Pit) appeared at the moment when a new theory was developing, in popular Freudianism, that the sexual instinct must not be repressed.
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Krupska, Aldona. "Darwin’s theory of biological evolution seen from the point of view of modern physics." Hybris 23, no. 4 (2013): 56–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1689-4286.23.04.

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This paper aims to show the influence of 20th century quantum mechanics and the theory of relativity on the philosophical problems of Darwin’s theory of biological evolution. Evolution as a non-relativistic being can be attributed only to the process as a whole. Quantum mechanics and the theory of relativity are not compatible with the evolution process of separate elements of the system. It seems to be in contradiction to Darwin’s theory of evolution as a slow and gradual process of separate elements in the biological system. According to many scientists and philosophers of science the Darwin’s theory does not explain the whole Universe evolution as well as does not explain the origin of life. Explanation of events and processes, reliance on concepts not laws, refutation of typology by Darwin theory of evolution are not established by standards of scientific reasoning. Many scientific facts from modern physics indicate that Darwin’s theory of evolution is in crisis.
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van Wyhe, John. "Mind the gap: did Darwin avoid publishing his theory for many years?" Notes and Records of the Royal Society 61, no. 2 (2007): 177–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2006.0171.

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It is widely believed that Charles Darwin avoided publishing his theory of evolution for many years. Many explanations have been proposed to identify Darwin's reasons or motives for doing so. This essay demonstrates that Darwin's delay is a recent historiographical theme for which there is no clear evidence, and indeed is overwhelmingly contradicted by the historical evidence. It is also shown that Darwin's belief in evolution was not a secret before publication. Instead of a man afraid of his secret theory's being revealed to his prejudiced contemporaries, it is demonstrated that Darwin was understandably very busy and began his species book when he had completed work in hand, just as he had intended all along. This essay therefore rewrites a fundamental chapter in the story of Darwin's life and work as usually told.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Darwins Theory of Evolution"

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Dukkipati, Ambedkar. "ACE-Model: A Conceptual Evolutionary Model For Evolutionary Computation And Artificial Life." Thesis, Indian Institute of Science, 2002. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/3920.

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Darwinian Evolutionary system - a system satisfying the abstract conditions: reproduction with heritable variation, in a finite world, giving rise to Natural Selection encompasses a complex and subtle system of interrelated theories, whose substantive transplantation to any artificial medium let it be mathematical model or computational model - will be very far from easy. There are two motives in bringing Darwinian evolution into computational frameworks: one to understand the Darwinian evolution, and the other is to view Darwinian evolution - that carries out controlled adaptive-stochastic search in the space of all possible DNA-sequences for emergence and improvement of the living beings on our planet - as an optimization process, which can be simulated in appropriate frameworks to solve some intractable problems. The first motive led to emerging field of study commonly referred to as Artificial Life, and other gave way to emergence of Evolutionary Computation, which is speculated to be the only practical path to the development of ontogenetic machine intelligence. In this thesis we touch upon all the above aspects. Natural selection is the central concept of Darwinian evolution and hence capturing natural selection in computational frameworks which maintains the spirit of Darwinian evolution in the sense of conventional, terrestrial and biological perspectives is essential. Naive models of evolution define natural selection as a process which brings in differential reproductive capabilities in organisms of a population, and hence, most of the evolutionary simulations in Artificial Life and Evolutionary Computation implement selection by differential reproduction: the Attest members of the population are reproduced preferentially at the expense of the less fit members of the population. Formal models in evolutionary biology often subdivide selection into components called 'episodes of selection' to capture the different complex mechanisms of nature by which Darwinian evolution can occur. In this thesis we introduce the concept of 'episodes of selection' into computational frameworks of Darwinian evolution by means of A Conceptual Evolutionary model (ACE-model). ACE-model is proposed to be simple and yet it captures the essential features of modern evolutionary perspectives in evolutionary computation framework. ACE-model is rich enough to offer abstract and structural framework for evolutionary computation and can serve as a basic model for evolutionary algorithms. It captures selection in two episodes in two phases of evolutionary cycle and it offers various parameters by which evolutionary algorithms can control selection mechanisms. In this thesis we propose two evolutionary algorithms namely Malthus evolutionary algorithms and Malthus Spencer evolutionary algorithms based on the ACE-model and we discuss the relevance of parameters offered by ACE-model by simulation studies. As an application of ACE-model to artificial life we study misconceptions involved in defining fitness in evolutionary biology, and we also discuss the importance of introducing fitness landscape in the theories of Darwinian evolution. Another important and independent contribution of this thesis is: A Mathematical Abstraction of Evolutionary process. Evolutionary process is characterized by Evolutionary Criteria and Evolutionary Mechanism which are formalized by classical mathematical tools. Even though the model is in its premature stage to develop any theory based on it, we develop convergence criteria of evolutionary process based on this model.
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2

Dukkipati, Ambedkar. "ACE-Model: A Conceptual Evolutionary Model For Evolutionary Computation And Artificial Life." Thesis, Indian Institute of Science, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/47.

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Darwinian Evolutionary system - a system satisfying the abstract conditions: reproduction with heritable variation, in a finite world, giving rise to Natural Selection encompasses a complex and subtle system of interrelated theories, whose substantive transplantation to any artificial medium let it be mathematical model or computational model - will be very far from easy. There are two motives in bringing Darwinian evolution into computational frameworks: one to understand the Darwinian evolution, and the other is to view Darwinian evolution - that carries out controlled adaptive-stochastic search in the space of all possible DNA-sequences for emergence and improvement of the living beings on our planet - as an optimization process, which can be simulated in appropriate frameworks to solve some intractable problems. The first motive led to emerging field of study commonly referred to as Artificial Life, and other gave way to emergence of Evolutionary Computation, which is speculated to be the only practical path to the development of ontogenetic machine intelligence. In this thesis we touch upon all the above aspects. Natural selection is the central concept of Darwinian evolution and hence capturing natural selection in computational frameworks which maintains the spirit of Darwinian evolution in the sense of conventional, terrestrial and biological perspectives is essential. Naive models of evolution define natural selection as a process which brings in differential reproductive capabilities in organisms of a population, and hence, most of the evolutionary simulations in Artificial Life and Evolutionary Computation implement selection by differential reproduction: the Attest members of the population are reproduced preferentially at the expense of the less fit members of the population. Formal models in evolutionary biology often subdivide selection into components called 'episodes of selection' to capture the different complex mechanisms of nature by which Darwinian evolution can occur. In this thesis we introduce the concept of 'episodes of selection' into computational frameworks of Darwinian evolution by means of A Conceptual Evolutionary model (ACE-model). ACE-model is proposed to be simple and yet it captures the essential features of modern evolutionary perspectives in evolutionary computation framework. ACE-model is rich enough to offer abstract and structural framework for evolutionary computation and can serve as a basic model for evolutionary algorithms. It captures selection in two episodes in two phases of evolutionary cycle and it offers various parameters by which evolutionary algorithms can control selection mechanisms. In this thesis we propose two evolutionary algorithms namely Malthus evolutionary algorithms and Malthus Spencer evolutionary algorithms based on the ACE-model and we discuss the relevance of parameters offered by ACE-model by simulation studies. As an application of ACE-model to artificial life we study misconceptions involved in defining fitness in evolutionary biology, and we also discuss the importance of introducing fitness landscape in the theories of Darwinian evolution. Another important and independent contribution of this thesis is: A Mathematical Abstraction of Evolutionary process. Evolutionary process is characterized by Evolutionary Criteria and Evolutionary Mechanism which are formalized by classical mathematical tools. Even though the model is in its premature stage to develop any theory based on it, we develop convergence criteria of evolutionary process based on this model.
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Vlerick, Michael Marie Patricia Lucien Hilda. "Darwin's doubt : implications of the theory of evolution for human knowledge." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71595.

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Thesis (DPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In this dissertation I enquire into the status, scope and limits of human knowledge, given the fact that our perceptual and cognitive faculties are the product of evolution by natural selection. I argue that the commonsense representations these faculties provide us with yield a particular, species-specific scope on the world that does not ‘correspond’ in any straightforward way to the external world. We are, however, not bound by these commonsense representations. This particular, species-specific view of the world can be transgressed. Nevertheless, our transgressing representations remain confined to the conceptual space defined by the combinatorial possibilities of the various representational tools we possess. Furthermore, the way in which we fit representations to the external world is by means of our biologically determined epistemic orientation. Based on the fact that we are endowed with a particular set of perceptual and cognitive resources and are guided by a particular epistemic orientation, I conclude that we have a particular cognitive relation to the world. Therefore, an accurate representation for us is a particular fit (our epistemic orientation) with particular means (our perceptual and cognitive resources).<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis handel oor die aard, omvang en limiete van kennis, gegewe dat ons perseptuele en kognitiewe vermoëns die resultaat van evolusie deur middel van natuurlike seleksie is. Eerstens, word daar geargumenteer dat die algemene voorstellings wat hierdie vermoëns aan ons bied ‘n partikuliere, spesie-spesifieke siening van die wêreld aan ons gee, wat nie op ‘n eenvoudige manier korrespondeer aan die werklikheid nie. Ons is egter nie gebonde aan hierdie voorstellings nie. Hierdie partikuliere, spesie-spesifieke siening van die wêreld kan oorskry word. Ons is egter wel beperk tot die konseptuele ruimte wat gedefinieër word deur die kombinatoriese moontlikhede van die voorstellingsmiddele tot ons beskikking. Verder word die manier waarop ons hierdie voorstellings aan die wêreld laat pas deur ons biologies gedetermineerde epistemiese oriëntasie bepaal. Dus, gegewe dat ons ‘n spesifieke stel perseptuele en kognitiewe vermoëns het en deur ‘n spesifieke kognitiewe epistemiese oriëntasie gelei word, staan ons in ‘n spesifieke kognitiewe verhouding tot die wêreld. ‘n Akkurate voorstelling (m.a.w. kennis vir ons) is om spesifieke vermoëns (perseptuele en kognitiewe vermoëns) op ‘n spesifieke manier (epsitemiese oriëntasie) aan die wêreld te laat pas.
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Wu, Catherine Kar Yin. "Darwin's new clothes: the Neo-Darwinian meta-logic of cultural evolution." Thesis, University of Sydney, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/26642.

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This thesis examines the current impasse in cultural evolutionary theory, in which the insertion of morality into cultural evolution has compromised the discontinuous, multiscalar principles of neo-Darwinism, creating a moral-evolutionary continuum. I draw on post-structuralist criticality to displace the exclusionary implications of the anthropocentric explanatory continuum, and on the flaws of post—structuralism to clarify the logical necessity of discontinuous, multiscalarity for a neo-Darwinian conception of cultural evolution. In the biological sciences, the principles of Darwinism remain undisputed even though the explanatory scalar scope of neo-Darwinism has ‘expanded’ at least since the 1950s. In the humanities, there is no agreement either upon a set of workable concepts of evolution, or a concept of multiple, discontinuous explanatory scales. Discussions tend to focus on the extent to which Darwinism can account for familiar ‘social conditions’: moral practices and issues; the complex web of information ‘replicated’ through peoples’ actions; the ‘evolved’ mind and our capacity for verbal language and reflexive behaviour as the basis for explaining the products and outcomes of culture. A plastic ‘feedback’ dynamic is posited between bio—genetic fundamentals or analogies and differential cultural expression; between the syncretism of biogenetic—Darwinian operations and active Lamarkian principles of cultural change. The default on to a social position is inadequate because it privileges a short time-span perspective for explaining the longer time—span processes of culture. It neglects an examination of the friction inherent to the spatial-material context within which variation is produced, and disregards an assessment of the logic of scalar discontinuity in the differential and longer-term workings of culture. The logic of cultural evolutionary theory is persistently vitiated by the supposed necessity of the humanities to create a moral perspective which inserts a reductive scalar continuum in the study of cultural evolution.
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Laird, Kurt Wilford. "Mormon Rhetoric and the Theory of Organic Evolution." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2411.pdf.

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Baker, Joseph O. "The Evolution of Creationism." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/485.

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Joseph O. Baker discussed a moving-target strategy of fundamentalist Christians to oppose Darwin’s theory of biological evolution with creationism over the last few hundred years in the United States.
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von, Sydow Momme. "Sociobiology, universal Darwinism and their transcendence : an investigation of the history, philosophy and critique of Darwinian paradigms, especially gene-Darwinism, process-Darwinism, and their types of reductionism - towards a theory of the evolution of evolutionary processes, evolutionary freedom and ecological idealism." Thesis, Durham University, 2001. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3769/.

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Based on a review of different Darwinian paradigms, particularly sociobiology, this work, both, historically and philosophically, develops a metaphysic of gene-Darwinism and process-Darwinism, and then criticises and transcends these Darwinian paradigms in order to achieve a truly evolutionary theory of evolution. Part I introduces essential aspects of current sociobiology as the original challenge to this investigation. The claim of some sociobiologists that ethics should become biologized in a gene-egoistic way, is shown to be tied to certain biological views, which ethically lead to problematic results. In part II a historical investigation into sociobiology and Darwinism in general provides us, as historical epistemology', with a deeper understanding of the structure and background of these approaches. Gene-Darwinism, which presently dominates sociobiology and is linked to Dawkins' selfish gene view of evolution, is compared to Darwin's Darwinism and the evolutionary' synthesis and becomes defined more strictly. An account of the external history of Darwinism and its subparadigms shows how cultural intellectual presuppositions, like Malthusianism or the Newtonian concept of the unchangeable laws of nature, also influenced biological theory' construction. In part III universal 'process-Darwinism' is elaborated based on the historical interaction of Darwinism with non-biological subject areas. Building blocks for this are found in psychology, the theory of science and economics. Additionally, a metaphysical argument for the universality of process- Darwinism, linked to Hume's and Popper's problem of induction, is proposed. In part IV gene-Darwinism and process-Darwinism are criticised. Gene-Darwinism—despite its merits—is challenged as being one-sided in advocating 'gene-atomism', 'germ-line reductionism' and 'process-monism'. My alternative proposals develop and try to unify different criticisms often found. In respect of gene-atomism I advocate a many-level approach, opposing the necessary radical selfishness of single genes. I develop the concept of higher-level genes, propose a concept of systemic selection, which may stabilise group properties, without relying on permanent group selection and extend the applicability of a certain group selectionist model generally to small open groups. Proposals of mine linked to the critique of germ-line reductionism are: 'exformation', phenotypes as evolutionary factors and a field theoretic understanding of causa formalis (resembling Aristotelian hylemorphism). Finally the process-monism of gene-Darwinism, process-Darwinism and, if defined strictly, Darwinism in general is criticised. 1 argue that our ontology and ethics would be improved by replacing the Newtoman-Paleyian deist metaphor of an eternal and unchangeable law of nature, which lies at tire very heart of Darwinism, by a truly evolutionary understanding of evolution where new processes may gain a certain autonomy. All this results in a view that I call 'ecological idealism', which, although still very much based on Darwinism, clearly transcends a Darwinian world view.
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Peddie, Bill. "Alienated by Evolution: The Educational Implications of Creationist and Social Darwinist Reactions in New Zealand to the Darwinian Theory of Evolution." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/2286.

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This investigation explores the reactions to Darwinism in the format and informal education of New Zealand society. The subsidiary purpose is to look at some implications for formal education. Many of the reactions have focussed on distortions of the Darwinian theory of evolution with the form of reaction to Darwinism being centred on different views of humankind. The various group interests have caused different aspects of Darwinism to be highlighted particularly when groups feel their interests are under threat. Using aspects of an "HS3" historical survey technique i.e. the history of the public reaction to an aspect of science and science teaching, key features of this debate are set in context. This context is then used to show that creationist objections and social Darwinian interpretations share many characteristics with their overseas counterparts. A philosophical analysis of the positions taken supports a charge that New Zealand creationist science is partly non science, and partly bad science. It is also shown that confusion has been created when groups have debated issues from different perspectives including cultural perspectives. In particular there has been a lack of communication as various creationist groups, using different research bases, and political, economic and legal institutions, have adopted generalist conservative positions, highlighted metaphysical and ethical considerations and drawn on creationist science literature to support the science of their case while pro-evolutionist groups have adopted specialist liberal or progressive positions, concentrated on the logic and epistemology of the debate and have drawn on mainstream science literature. Finally some implications have been drawn from this analysis of the different reactions, and recommendations have been made for future teaching of evolution and related concepts.
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Elliott, Mats. "The evolution of biological theories: explaining the success of Mendelian genetics, Darwin’s Theory of natural selection and their synthesis." Master's thesis, Faculty of Humanities, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31420.

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Darwin’s theory of natural selection was not widely accepted in the biological community until its synthesis with Mendelian genetics. I investigate the history of both sciences, with the aim discovering why Mendelian genetics and the synthesis were scientifically successful. One possible explanation for this is given by constructivism, the view that developments in science are decided not by rational reasons, but by contingent factors. A sophisticated version of this view is defended by Gregory Radick, who argues that Weldonian biometry, a rival theory of inheritance, could have supplanted Mendelism. For Radick, the success of Mendelism and the corresponding decline of biometry can be explained by historical circumstances, such as Weldon’s untimely death and his inability to recruit talented students. Another popular philosophical explanation of scientific developments is scientific realism, whose proponents argue that scientific success can be explained by the truth of scientific theories. More sophisticated versions of realism, such as Weisberg’s, take the routine scientific distortion of truth (idealization) into account. I argue from the history of genetics that neither constructivism nor realism, sophisticated or otherwise, can help us understand the success of Mendelian genetics. Instead, I argue that there were rational reasons in favor of Mendelian genetics, even if it was not a true theory of inheritance. I further conclude that the synthesis was successful because Mendelian genetics theoretically enriched Darwin’s theory of natural selection. This enrichment solved serious empirical and conceptual problems for Darwin’s theory, showing that we can also understand the success of the synthesis without appeal to broad realist or constructivist views.
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TARDITI, SPAGNOLI GIORGIO. "Nurture becomes nature: the evolving place of psychology in the theory of evolution." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/80377.

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The thesis here presented establishes a triple parallelism between biology and psychology. First, through Haeckel's recapitulation theory as the source of freudian and jungian psychology. Second, from the reductionist view of science to the new phenomenology of evolutionary developmental biology. Third, by overcoming the reductionist paradigm in biology through the Extended Synthesis and in psychology though the revisited archetype theory. By establishing these parallelisms, the thesis faces the nature vs. nurture debate on three epistemological levels, in which the external and internal levels are being mediatied by a middle one. This turns the dualistic debate into a heuristic paradigm aimed to resolve any irreducible dualism inherent in the reductionist view
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Books on the topic "Darwins Theory of Evolution"

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Charles Darwin and the theory of evolution. Raintree, 2011.

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Al, Milgrom, and Purcell Gordon, eds. Charles Darwin and the theory of evolution. Raintree, 2010.

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Hedtke, Randall. Secrets of the: Darwin discredits his own theory. Master Books, 2010.

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Did Darwin write the Origin backwards?: Philosophical essays on Darwin's theory. Prometheus Books, 2011.

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Michael, Barton C., Clark Geoffrey A, Bamforth Douglas B, and American Anthropological Association, eds. Rediscovering Darwin: Evolutionary theory and archeological explanation. American Anthropological Association, 1997.

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Sproule, Anna. Charles Darwin: Visionary behind the theory of evolution. Blackbirch Press, 2002.

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Skelton, Renee. Charles Darwin and the theory of natural selection. Barron's, 1987.

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Skelton, Renee. Charles Darwin and the theory of natural selection. Childrens Press Choice, 1988.

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Plotkin, H. C. Darwin machines and the nature of knowledge. Harvard University Press, 1994.

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Did Darwin get it right?: Catholics and the theory of evolution. Our Sunday Visitor, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Darwins Theory of Evolution"

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Ellis, John. "Darwin’s Theory of Evolution." In How Science Works: Evolution. Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3183-9_3.

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Ellis, John. "Darwin’s Theory of Evolution." In How Science Works: Evolution. Springer Netherlands, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-7749-0_4.

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Doyle, Charlotte L. "Darwin's Path to Evolution Theory." In The Creative Process. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003013860-4.

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Smith, John Maynard. "The Limitations of Evolution Theory." In Did Darwin Get It Right? Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7862-4_20.

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Lawlor, Rob. "The Ethical Treatment of Animals: The Moral Significance of Darwin’s Theory." In Evolution 2.0. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20496-8_11.

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Smith, John Maynard. "Evolution and the Theory of Games." In Did Darwin Get It Right? Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7862-4_22.

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Casini, Paolo. "Evolutionary Theory and Philosophical Darwinism." In The Theory of Evolution and Its Impact. Springer Milan, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1974-4_4.

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Wool, David, Naomi Paz, and Leonid Friedman. "Charles Darwin: Sexual Selection." In Milestones in the Evolving Theory of Evolution. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003023869-19.

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Wool, David, Naomi Paz, and Leonid Friedman. "The Struggle for Existence of Darwin’s Theory." In Milestones in the Evolving Theory of Evolution. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003023869-17.

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Wool, David, Naomi Paz, and Leonid Friedman. "Charles Darwin: The Formative Years." In Milestones in the Evolving Theory of Evolution. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003023869-11.

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Conference papers on the topic "Darwins Theory of Evolution"

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Susanto, Susanto. "Critical Review Of Darwin Evolution Theory And Debilitating Facts." In Proceedings of the 1st International Seminar on Teacher Training and Education, ISTED 2021, 17-18 July 2021, Purwokerto, Indonesia. EAI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.17-7-2021.2312406.

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Карпин, Владимир Александрович, and Ольга Ивановна Шувалова. "RICHARD DAWKINS' REPLICATOR THEORY." In Сборник избранных статей по материалам научных конференций ГНИИ "Нацразвитие" (Санкт-Петербург, Август 2022). Crossref, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/aug304.2022.53.90.009.

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Теория биологической эволюции, пройдя за полтора века непростой путь своего развития, далека до своего завершения. Многочисленные попытки ее дальнейшего развития сводятся к двум основным альтернативным принципам - редукционизму и холизму. В статье предлагается оригинальный редукционистский подход к обсуждаемой проблеме Ричарда Докинза: согласно его теории, родоначальником, центром и сущностью жизнедеятельности и эволюции живых организмов является ген, а важнейшим доказательством - тот факт, что эволюция любого биологического вида в конечном счете сводится к эволюции его генотипа. Будучи ортодоксальным дарвинистом, Докинз развивает свою теорию репликаторов на основе важнейших положений естественного отбора. The theory of biological evolution, having gone through a difficult path of its development for a century and a half, is far from its completion. Numerous attempts at its further development are reduced to two main alternative principles - reductionism and holism. The article offers an original reductionist approach to the problem under discussion by Richard Dawkins: according to his theory, the gene is the ancestor, center and essence of the vital activity and evolution of living organisms, and the most important proof is the fact that the evolution of any biological species ultimately boils down to the evolution of its genotype. Being an orthodox Darwinist, Dawkins develops his theory of replicators on the basis of the most important provisions of natural selection.
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Карпин, Владимир Александрович, and Ольга Ивановна Шувалова. "WHO IS RIGHT - DARWIN OR LAMARCK? THE FUNDAMENTAL PROBLEM THEORIES OF BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION." In Сборник избранных статей по материалам научных конференций ГНИИ "Нацразвитие" (Санкт-Петербург, Август 2022). Crossref, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/aug304.2022.64.23.007.

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Единой теории биологической эволюции, которой бы придерживались все ученые-биологи, не существует до настоящего времени. Догмат синтетической теории эволюции не в состоянии разрешить многие назревшие проблемы. Поиски нового, третьего синтеза продолжаются до сих пор. В статье предлагается подход, основанный на поиске возможностей объединения альтернативных концепций ламаркизма и дарвинизма. There is no unified theory of biological evolution that all biologists would adhere to to this day. The dogma of the synthetic theory of evolution is not able to solve many urgent problems. The search for a new, third synthesis continues to this day. The article proposes an approach based on the search for ways to combine alternative concepts of Lamarckism and Darwinism.
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Cook, Chelsea, and Kimberly Drenna. "How Can Architecture Improve the Health of Honeybees?" In 109th ACSA Annual Meeting Proceedings. ACSA Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.109.32.

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“We shape our buildings and afterwards, our buildings shape us.”—Winston Churchill in a speech to Parliament, 1943.While Churchill may have been speaking about social dimensions of design for the House of Commons, his words foreshadow a challenge to Charles Darwin’s Standard Evolutionary Theory. Conrad Waddington and Richard Lewontin introduced a new model of biological evolution, Niche Construction Theory (NCT) in the late 1980s that suggests species do not evolve purely through natural selection. In Niche Construction Theory, organisms direct their own evolution through intentionally modifying their environment: “The organism influences its own evolution by being both the object of their own natural selection and the creator of the conditions of that selection.”
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Карпин, Владимир Александрович, and Ольга Ивановна Шувалова. "BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION: DIALECTICS OF REDUCTIONISM AND HOLISM." In Technical and natural sciences: сборник статей международной научной конференции (Петрозаводск, Февраль 2023). Crossref, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/230206.2023.73.83.002.

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Развитие биологической мысли привело к середине XIX века к появлению эволюционной теории, которая, подвергнув серьезной критике многовековую идею креационизма, стала фундаментом зарождения теоретической биологии. Однако, несмотря на полуторавековую историю, теория биологической эволюции продолжает быть ареной ожесточенных дискуссий. Создание второго синтеза биологической теории с помощью достижений генетики (синтетическая теория эволюции, неодарвинизм), несмотря на определенные успехи, также не привело к решению целого ряда проблемных задач. Наиболее вероятным выходом из создавшегося положения является применение синергетической парадигмы (теория хаоса и самоорганизации) для разработки очередного, третьего синтеза теории биологической эволюции. The development of biological thought led to the emergence of evolutionary theory in the middle of the XIX century, which, having seriously criticized the centuries-old idea of creationism, became the foundation for the emergence of theoretical biology. However, despite a century and a half of history, the theory of biological evolution continues to be the arena of fierce discussions. The creation of a second synthesis of biological theory with the help of advances in genetics (synthetic theory of evolution, neo-Darwinism), despite certain successes, also did not lead to the solution of a number of problematic problems. The most likely way out of this situation is the use of a synergetic paradigm (the theory of chaos and self-organization) to develop another, third synthesis of the theory of biological evolution.
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Карпин, Владимир Александрович, and Ольга Ивановна Шувалова. "DARWINISM AS THE FIRST EXPERIENCE OF BUILDING THEORIES OF BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION." In Перспективные направления теории и практики развития научных исследований: сборник статей международной научной конференции (Вологда, Март 2023). Crossref, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.58351/230314.2023.73.97.004.

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Проблема биологической эволюции не возникла из ничего. Она волновала человечество еще на заре цивилизации. Главным препятствием постоянно был креационизм, и это препятствие с переменным успехом продолжается вплоть до настоящего времени. Попытки теоретического построения эволюционной биологии были и до Ч. Дарвина, и он в своем главном труде также упоминает об этом. Но он впервые предпринял попытку поднять биологическую эволюцию до уровня теории, положив в ее основу наследственность, изменчивость и механизм естественного отбора. The problem of biological evolution did not arise out of nothing. It has worried humanity since the dawn of civilization. The main obstacle has always been creationism, and this obstacle continues with varying success up to the present time. There were attempts at theoretical construction of evolutionary biology before Ch. Darwin, and he also mentions this in his main work. But for the first time he made an attempt to raise biological evolution to the level of theory, basing it on heredity, variability and the mechanism of natural selection.
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Qian, Chao. "Towards Theoretically Grounded Evolutionary Learning." In Thirty-First International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-22}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2022/819.

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Machine learning tasks are often formulated as complex optimization problems, where the objective function can be non-differentiable, non-continuous, non-unique, inaccurate, dynamic, and have many local optima, making conventional optimization algorithms fail. Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs), inspired by Darwin's theory of evolution, are general-purpose randomized heuristic optimization algorithms, mimicking variational reproduction and natural selection. EAs have yielded encouraging outcomes for solving complex optimization problems (e.g., neural architecture search) in machine learning. However, due to the heuristic nature of EAs, most outcomes to date have been empirical and lack theoretical support, encumbering their acceptance to the general machine learning community. In this paper, I will review the progress towards theoretically grounded evolutionary learning, from the aspects of analysis methodology, theoretical perspectives and learning algorithms. Due to space limit, I will include a few representative examples and highlight our contributions. I will also discuss some future challenges.
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Marzouk, Osama A. "Evolutionary Computing Applied to Design Optimization." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-35502.

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Inspired by Darwin’s theory of evolution, the genetic algorithm (GA) method is part of evolutionary computing. It is a search technique used to find solutions and optimize them. This method has found application in different fields, such as computer science, engineering, chemistry, economics, physics, and mathematics. In the present study, GA is used to optimize airfoil geometry for high lift in the low-speed subsonic regime. The variable to be optimized is the set of coordinates of several points along the airfoil surface, which constructs its geometry. We seek a geometrical design that maximizes the fitness function (also called objective function), which is chosen to be the lift coefficient. The process is done in successive cycles, until a satisfactory design is achieved. At the end of each cycle, a group (or a generation) of candidate designs, is generated using stochastic searching. The method involves binary encoding-decoding and mutating as well. An aerodynamic flow solver is augmented in the GA procedure; it evaluates the fitness function at each cycle. A special procedure in evaluating the fitness function is used so that impractical geometrical designs are eliminated automatically.
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McClung, R. Craig, Paul Wawrzynek, Yi-Der Lee, Bruce J. Carter, Jonathan P. Moody, and Michael P. Enright. "An Integrated Software Tool for High Fidelity Probabilistic Assessments of Metallic Aero-Engine Components." In ASME Turbo Expo 2016: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2016-57877.

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Most current tools and methodologies to predict the life and reliability of fracture critical gas turbine engine components rely on stress intensity factor solutions that assume highly idealized component and crack geometries, and this can lead to highly conservative results in some cases. This paper describes a new integrated methodology to perform these assessments that combines one software tool for creating high fidelity crack growth simulations (FRANC3D) with another software tool for performing probabilistic fatigue crack growth life assessments of turbine engine components (DARWIN). DARWIN employs finite element models of component stresses, while FRANC3D performs automatic adaptive re-meshing of these models to simulate crack growth. Modifications have been performed to both codes to allow them to share and exchange data and to enhance their shared computational capabilities. Most notably, a new methodology was developed to predict the shape evolution and the fatigue lifetime for cracks that are geometrically complex and not easily parameterized by a small number of degrees of freedom. This paper describes the integrated software system and the typical combined work flow, and it shows the results from a number of analyses that demonstrate the significant features of the system.
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Fischer, Michael J. "Evolution of distributed computing theory." In the twenty-seventh ACM symposium. ACM Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1400751.1400858.

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Reports on the topic "Darwins Theory of Evolution"

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John L. Johnson. The Evolution of Stellarator Theory at Princeton. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/792587.

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Meilinger, Phillip S. The Paths of Heaven The Evolution of Airpower Theory,. Defense Technical Information Center, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada328849.

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Wilson, D. The evolution of functionally organized communities: Theory and test. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7151854.

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Harp, James F. The Evolution of the Trinity: A 21st Century Hybrid War Theory. Defense Technical Information Center, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada553051.

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Lee, M. H. Analytical Theory of Continued Fractions and Time Evolution in Many-Particle Systems. Defense Technical Information Center, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada290365.

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Hermo, Santiago, Miika Päällysaho, David Seim, and Jesse Shapiro. Labor Market Returns and the Evolution of Cognitive Skills: Theory and Evidence. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w29135.

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Brown, Francis M. The Evolution of Airpower Theory and Future Air Strategies for Employment in the Gap. Defense Technical Information Center, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada463395.

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Bohm, Arno. Conjecturing The Mathematical Axiom That Provides a Unified Theory of Resonance and Decay And Connects it to Causal Time Evolution. Journal of Geometry and Symmetry in Physics, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/jgsp-11-2008-1-22.

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Hair. L52003 Application of the Crack Layer Theory for Understanding and Modeling of SCC in High Pressure. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010893.

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A stochastic features of SCC colony, such as corrosion pit distribution, SC crack initiation from the pits and SC crack aspect ratio, SC crack cluster formation, SC cluster interaction and instability, are observed and characterized. A concept of a single crack equivalent to a cluster of cracks is introduced to simplify computational work on clusters evolution and instability. Various criteria of equivalence for different stages of clusters evolution are discussed. An accelerated test with a number of accelerating factors has been designed and performed for simulation of individual SC crack growth. Corrosion products at each stage of single crack propagation are investigated by means of Raman and FTIR analysis. The crack layer theory is adopted for modeling of SC crack growth. It provides the formalism for modeling of the effect of such processes as electro-chemical reactions, hydrogen embrittlement, and mechanical loading rates on crack growth rate. Finally, a computer simulation of SC crack growth was performed and validated by the available set of experimental data.
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Hart, Carl, and Gregory Lyons. A tutorial on the rapid distortion theory model for unidirectional, plane shearing of homogeneous turbulence. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/44766.

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The theory of near-surface atmospheric wind noise is largely predicated on assuming turbulence is homogeneous and isotropic. For high turbulent wavenumbers, this is a fairly reasonable approximation, though it can introduce non-negligible errors in shear flows. Recent near-surface measurements of atmospheric turbulence suggest that anisotropic turbulence can be adequately modeled by rapid-distortion theory (RDT), which can serve as a natural extension of wind noise theory. Here, a solution for the RDT equations of unidirectional plane shearing of homogeneous turbulence is reproduced. It is assumed that the time-varying velocity spectral tensor can be made stationary by substituting an eddy-lifetime parameter in place of time. General and particular RDT evolution equations for stochastic increments are derived in detail. Analytical solutions for the RDT evolution equation, with and without an effective eddy viscosity, are given. An alternative expression for the eddy-lifetime parameter is shown. The turbulence kinetic energy budget is examined for RDT. Predictions by RDT are shown for velocity (co)variances, one-dimensional streamwise spectra, length scales, and the second invariant of the anisotropy tensor of the moments of velocity. The RDT prediction of the second invariant for the velocity anisotropy tensor is shown to agree better with direct numerical simulations than previously reported.
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