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1
V., Latha, and Meera B.K. "FOR THE FOND REMEMBRANCE OF CHARLES DARWIN." International Journal of Advanced Research 11, no. 03 (2023): 226–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/16411.
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Evolution refers to genetic changes in populations of organisms through time that lead to differences among them and the theory proposed to explain this concept is called the THEORY OF EVOLUTION. The credit of deriving a probable evolutionary pathway through systematic study of evolution of contemporary organisms from the earliest protoplast goes to Charles Darwin. The present review article makes an effort to understand, Darwins theory of evolution as such and its analysis in the light of recent advances in Science and Technology. The article has tried to introduce the concept of Neo-Darwinism too.
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Korsgaard, Ove. "Om Grundtvigs udviklingslære - og noget om Darwins." Grundtvig-Studier 62, no. 1 (2011): 124–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/grs.v62i1.16583.
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Om Grundtvigs udviklingslære - og noget om Darwins[About Grundtvig ’s theory of evolution - and something about Darwin ’s]By Ove KorsgaardThe idea expressed in the Danish word “udvikling” (meaning both ‘development’ and ‘evolution’) forms a principal category in the works of, respectively, Grundtvig and Darwin. However, while Darwin studied nature, Grundtvig was primarily preoccupied with history. Grundtvig’s two-front war against materialism and idealism is reflected in a great part of his writings. As far as nature is concerned, he was looking for a third position offering a different stance compared to the trends dominating in contemporary theology and natural science. Departing from his essay “On Man’s Condition in the World” from 1817, Grundtvig started to sketch a theory of evolution based upon a model of nature depicted as a ladder with each step representing a particular quality. Mineral kingdom stands for form, vegetable kingdom additionally for life, animal kingdom supplements with consciousness and, finally, human beings with self-consciousness. According to Grundtvig, it is the interaction between “hand and mouth” - from the grip of the hand to an understanding expressed in language - that is the most important motivating drive in the development of self-consciousness. In an epilogue, the author refers to natural scientist Jesper Hoffmeyer, who questions whether Darwin in his works on evolutionism did offer an exhaustive explanation of evolution. Hoffmeyer himself refuses to choose between believing in a conception of nature in which an intelligent being cannot possibly feel at home and believing that man becomes a living soul by receiving the breath of God.
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Agai, J. M. "A Reflection on the legacies of Charles Darwin." Theologia Viatorum 41, no. 1 (2017): 23–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/tv.v41i1.18.
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The biological theory of human evolution existed before Charles Darwin. His view on the origins of animals attracted much debate among scientists and Chris-tians since 1859. Darwin’s view on the causes of variation among species which led to the emergence of humans has contributed to the development of an ideology according to which he is the father of evolution. This research is a historical reflection on Darwin’s life and his theory of evolution. The author describes the views that existed and still exist as responses to Darwin's life and his theory of evolution. The research is aimed at appreciating Darwin’s legacies and his contribution to the development of the various schools of thoughts among Christians regarding the creation/evolution debate.
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Lamekhova, Elena Anatolyevna. "Methodological approaches to the study of Ch. Darwin’s theory of natural selection in the school biology course." Samara Journal of Science 10, no. 3 (2021): 251–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv2021103309.
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Currently, some previously recognized ideas are being re-evaluated in biological education, which confirms the need to improve and further develop the methodology for studying and teaching the theory of evolution. Relevant in this regard are the selection of the content and the development of a methodology for studying Darwins theory of natural selection in the school biology course, which determined the purpose of the study. The purpose of the paper is to develop a methodology for studying some issues of Darwins theory of natural selection in the school biology course. The paper offers a variant of the program and a method for studying the most complex issues of the topic. Natural selection, which manifests itself as a consequence of the struggle for existence, should be described by formulating a definition, describing the mechanism and results of action. The study of natural selection should be accompanied by evidence of its leading role in evolution. Describing the struggle for existence as a factor of evolution, it is necessary to emphasize its ecological essence. The results of the action of natural selection should be described taking into account their cause-and-effect relationships, accompanying this with examples, using various manuals and tasks and carrying out practical work. The description of the methodology for studying the issues of the topic is of theoretical significance, and the given methodological recommendations for studying the prerequisites for the emergence of Darwinism, the doctrine of the variability of organisms, the struggle for existence, natural selection and other issues are of practical importance and will ensure a successful assimilation of this complex material by students.
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Humeniuk, H. B., I. B. Chen, and O. S. Voloshyn. "Charles Darwin, an evolutionary scientist." Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv 25 (August 30, 2019): 344–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v25.1189.
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Charles Robert Darwin is an English naturalist, geologist and biologist. He was one of the first to realize and clearly demonstrated that all living organisms evolved over time from common ancestors. The main driving force of evolution was called natural selection and uncertain variability. The existence of evolution was recognized by most scientists during the life of Charles Darwin, while his theory of natural selection, as the main explanation of evolution, became universally recognized only in the 30’s of the XX century. The ideas and discoveries of Charles Darwin, in a revised form, form the foundation of a modern synthetic theory of evolution and form the basis of biology, providing a logical explanation for biodiversity. Orthodox followers of Darwin’s teachings develop the direction of the evolutionary thought bearing his name Darwinism.
 Keywords: evolution, natural selection, uncertain variability, theory, biodiversity.
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Nungesser, Frithjof. "The Evolution of Pragmatism." European Journal of Sociology 58, no. 2 (2017): 327–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003975617000121.
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AbstractThe pragmatist theory of history, action, and sociality can be understood as the result of a specific interpretation of Darwin’s theory of evolution, which has nothing in common with teleological, reductionist, or social Darwinist evolutionary models. Thishistorical claimwill be developed in three steps. First, I will show why Darwin’s theory was so attractive to the classical pragmatists and how theirconception of historywas affected by their reading of Darwin. Second, I will illustrate how the pragmatist understanding ofindividual actionwas influenced by contemporary discussions in evolutionary theory, physiology, and psychology. Third, I will discuss pragmatism’s “cultural naturalism” (John Dewey), according to which a new, autonomous level ofsociocultural changeemerges as a result of the process of biological evolution. The reconstruction of pragmatist evolutionary thought not only aims to achieve a better historical understanding of pragmatism but also implies asystematic and theoretical claim. As will be argued in the last section of this paper, thetimeliness and continuing relevance of pragmatismis largely due to the fact that it took shape in a transdisciplinary context and remained an “empirically responsible” theory (Erkki Kilpinen). Currently, various innovative developments within psychology, the cognitive sciences, neurophysiology, and ethology are connected with the core insights of pragmatism, thereby supporting the argument that pragmatism is still evolving.
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Marciano, Alain, and Roger Koppl. "Darwin, Darwinism and social Darwinism: What do we learn from Darwin's theory of social evolution?" Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 71, no. 1 (2009): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2009.02.012.
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Bender, Bert. "Frank Norris on the Evolution and Repression of the Sexual Instinct." Nineteenth-Century Literature 54, no. 1 (1999): 73–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2902998.
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Frank Norris's emphasis on sex is best seen as part of a cultural response to Darwin's theory of sexual selection. Following Joseph Le Conte's effort to spiritualize evolution and move beyond Darwin and the neo-Darwinians, Norris first gave us characters like Vandover and McTeague-more fully animalistic than any American characters before them-and finally characters like the highly civilized and somewhat "divine" Laura Jadwin in The Pit. All of Norris's characters contend with the elements of sexual selection defined by Darwin-e.g., the male's "secondary sexual character" of "prehensile" power or the power of sexual attraction in music and dance. Only his later characters succeed in transcending sexual selection to express "love," a product of higher evolution that is simply beyond primitive characters like McTeague or people of mixed race in Norris's novels. Norris is best seen as a participant (along with Le Conte) in "the eclipse of Darwinism" by several "anti-Darwinian evolution theories" at the turn of the century. Norris's role in this cultural movement included his use of Darwin's theory of the expression and repression of emotions in order to repress, and to present characters who repressed, the sexual instinct. It is ironic that his most forceful effort in this regard (in The Pit) appeared at the moment when a new theory was developing, in popular Freudianism, that the sexual instinct must not be repressed.
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Krupska, Aldona. "Darwin’s theory of biological evolution seen from the point of view of modern physics." Hybris 23, no. 4 (2013): 56–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1689-4286.23.04.
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This paper aims to show the influence of 20th century quantum mechanics and the theory of relativity on the philosophical problems of Darwin’s theory of biological evolution. Evolution as a non-relativistic being can be attributed only to the process as a whole. Quantum mechanics and the theory of relativity are not compatible with the evolution process of separate elements of the system. It seems to be in contradiction to Darwin’s theory of evolution as a slow and gradual process of separate elements in the biological system. According to many scientists and philosophers of science the Darwin’s theory does not explain the whole Universe evolution as well as does not explain the origin of life. Explanation of events and processes, reliance on concepts not laws, refutation of typology by Darwin theory of evolution are not established by standards of scientific reasoning. Many scientific facts from modern physics indicate that Darwin’s theory of evolution is in crisis.
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van Wyhe, John. "Mind the gap: did Darwin avoid publishing his theory for many years?" Notes and Records of the Royal Society 61, no. 2 (2007): 177–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2006.0171.
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It is widely believed that Charles Darwin avoided publishing his theory of evolution for many years. Many explanations have been proposed to identify Darwin's reasons or motives for doing so. This essay demonstrates that Darwin's delay is a recent historiographical theme for which there is no clear evidence, and indeed is overwhelmingly contradicted by the historical evidence. It is also shown that Darwin's belief in evolution was not a secret before publication. Instead of a man afraid of his secret theory's being revealed to his prejudiced contemporaries, it is demonstrated that Darwin was understandably very busy and began his species book when he had completed work in hand, just as he had intended all along. This essay therefore rewrites a fundamental chapter in the story of Darwin's life and work as usually told.
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Swanepoel, J. H. "Bydraes van Darwin se voorgangers tot die Ewolusieteorie." Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Natuurwetenskap en Tegnologie 10, no. 1 (1991): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/satnt.v10i1.479.
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A review of the literature with respect to ideas and hypotheses on evolution, prior to Darwin’s Origin of Species, reveals that many biologists long before Darwin postulated theories similar to his natural selection theory. The relation between phylogenetic classification and evolution, as well as the epigenetic theory of evolution, was postulated nearly fifty years before Darwin. With this review of the literature an attempt is made to put Darwin and his forerunners in a better perspective with each other.
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Manterys, Aleksander. "Darwin et consortes: mit Darwina w kulturze współczesnej." Kultura i Społeczeństwo 59, no. 4 (2015): 193–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.35757/kis.2015.59.4.11.
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Dominika Oramus’s book Darwinowskie paradygmaty: mit teorii ewolucji w kulturze współczesnej [Darwinian Paradigms: The Myth of the Theory of Evolution in Contemporary Culture] is an attempt to trace Darwin’s theory of evolution in today’s world. The presence of this idea is noted in numerous complexes of fact and fiction, which are transformations of the original theory of evolution. These are the stuff of cultural production, whose creations shape individual and collective representations in almost every area of human activity. Commentary on Oramus’s findings is placed in the context of the disputes—ever present in the social sciences—over the reception of Darwin’s theory.
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Van Den Berg, Hugo A. "Darwin Endures, Despite Disparagement." Science Progress 101, no. 1 (2018): 32–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/003685018x15166188312386.
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Evolution lies at the heart of the life sciences, and Charles Darwin is a towering historical figure within evolutionary science. One testimony to his lasting influence is that declaring Darwin to have been wrong all along remains a provocative way to command attention. The present paper discusses various strands of ‘Darwin was wrong’ partisans and their divergent views and motives: some are looking to Darwin to justify or condemn the political ideologies that they support or reject; others are concerned with the corrupting influence that the bleak cosmic outlook of evolution is deemed to exert on the moral or religious rectitude of impressionable minds, or regard Darwinism as a direct assault on religion; philosophers question the very coherence of the entire enterprise; and certain biologists aspire to go down in history as even greater than Darwin. It is sobering to reflect that this diverse group is united only by their poor grasp of Darwin's theory of natural selection.
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Bellon, Richard. "“The great question in agitation”: George Bentham and the origin of species." Archives of Natural History 30, no. 2 (2003): 282–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.2003.30.2.282.
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George Bentham initially expressed reservations about Darwin's Origin of species (1859). What most troubled Bentham was the potentially disruptive nature of Darwin's ideas for natural history. Bentham, renowned even among other naturalists for always proceeding with the utmost intellectual caution, decided to ignore Darwin's theory. This reticence disappointed Darwin, who pressured Bentham unsuccessfully to give an assessment of the Origin. Bentham did, however, publicly praise Darwin's work on the fertilisation of orchids as an ideal model for natural history research. Finally, in his 1863 presidential address to the Linnean Society, Bentham directly addressed “the great question in agitation”, evolution. His judicious praise of the Origin would, Darwin was convinced, “do more to shake the unshaken & bring on those leaning to our side, than anything written directly in favour of transmutation.” Bentham's tentative conversion to evolution came only after Darwin's work, particularly on orchids, convinced him that evolution would add “stability” to systematic work. As a result, evolution's influence on systematic botany was largely conservative. It validated, rather than challenged, the method, systems, world view and intellectual authority of established experts like Bentham.
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Aydın, Serap Öz. "Considering the Role and Nature of the Scientist." American Biology Teacher 77, no. 2 (2015): 94–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/abt.2015.77.2.3.
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For many students, preconceived notions about Darwin are among the most significant obstacles in learning about the theory of evolution by natural selection. I present an activity designed to eliminate this obstacle and encourage empathizing with Darwin, utilizing the history-of-science approach. Through the activity, students’ negative thoughts about Darwin disappeared, Darwin’s position as a scientist came to the fore, students’ interest in evolution increased, and they started to discuss the theory within a scientific framework.
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Sanchez, Luis Manuel. "Darwin’s politics of selection." Politics and the Life Sciences 38, no. 1 (2019): 72–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pls.2019.1.
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The uses of natural selection argument in politics have been constant since Charles Darwin’s times. They have also been varied. The readings of Darwin’s theory range from the most radically individualist views, as in orthodox socio-Darwinism, to the most communitarian, as in Peter Kropotkin’s and other socialist perspectives. This essay argues that such diverse, contradictory, and sometimes even outrageous political derivations from Darwin’s theory may be partially explained by some incompleteness and ambivalences underlying Darwin’s concepts. “Natural selection,” “struggle for existence,” and “survival of the fittest” are open concepts and may suggest some hierarchical and segregationist interpretations. Circumstantially, Darwin accepted social “checks,” such as discouraging marriage of “lower” individuals to prevent them from reproducing, in a vein of Malthusian politics. This makes Darwin’s theory of selection by struggle collide with his theory of social instincts, by which he explains the origins of morality. It also favors reading Darwin’sOn the Origin of SpeciesorThe Descent of Manfrom opposite, mostly ideological perspectives. Darwin’s position is ambivalent, although hardly unreasonable. The recognition he makes of social instincts, as well as the use of the concept of artificial selection, entails accepting the role of human consciousness, by which social evolution cannot be reduced to natural evolution, as socio-Darwinians did next and as some neo-Darwinists seem to repeat. On these grounds, this essay argues the inadequacy of the conventional model of natural selection for understanding politics. If we want to describe politics in Darwin’s language,artificialrather thannatural selectionwould be the concept that performs better for explaining the courses of politics in real society.
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Scorza, Fulvio A., Vera C. Terra, Carla A. Scorza, Ricardo M. Arida, and Esper A. Cavalheiro. "Epilepsy research 150 years after Darwin's theory of evolution." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 67, no. 4 (2009): 1114–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x2009000600032.
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On February 12, 2009, we commemorated the 200th anniversary of Charles Darwin's birth and the 150th anniversary of the publication of the ûrst edition of the "On the origin of species". Only in the sixth edition of the Origin Darwin explicitly stated that natural selection applied to the brain as to all other organs and contemporary epilepsy research plays an interesting role in this scenario. Epilepsy affects approximately 3 percent of the general population and is a complex disease. At least 11 genes have now been described for human epilepsy and over 50 more genes have been identified in animal models of epilepsy. The complex gene to gene interactions and gene-environment interactions may account for epilepsy susceptibility and antiepileptic drug response. Darwin's thoughts on evolution are relevant to understand these gene interactions, contributing to current development of new treatments and prevention of chronic diseases, such as epilepsy.
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Wells, Jonathan. "Darwin's Straw God Argument." Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 22, no. 1 (2010): 67–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jis2010221/23.
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In the controversy between Darwinian evolution and Intelligent Design, the fonver is commonly portrayed as science and the latter as theology or phitosophy. Yet Charles Darwin's "one long argument" in The Origin of Species was heavily theological. In particular, Darwin argued that the geographical distribution of living things, the fossil record, vestigial organs, and homologies were "inexplicabte on the theory of creation," but made sense on his theory of descent with modification. In this context, "The theory of creation" did not imply young-earth creationism, but a God conceived by Darwin to create all species separately, arbitrarily, and perfectly. In the many instances when the evidence was not sufficient to support his positive case for descent with modification, Darwin would simply declare that the only altemative-the "theory of creation"-was not a scientific explanation. Darwin's followers often argue similarly. Thus, arguments for Darwinian evolution, in both its ordinal and modem forms, are commonly bound up with arguments from theology and philosophy.
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Levit, Georgy S., and Uwe Hossfeld. "Evolutionary theories and the philosophy of science." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies 37, no. 2 (2021): 229–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2021.204.
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Philosophical theories proceeding from the history of physical-mathematical sciences are hardly applicable to the analysis of biosciences and evolutionary theory, in particular. This article briefly reconstructs the history of evolutionary theory beginning with its roots in the 19th century and up to the ultracontemporary concepts. Our objective is to outline the dynamics of Darwinism and anti-Darwinism from the perspective of the philosophy of science. We begin with the arguments of E. Mayr against the applicability of T. Kuhn’s theory of scientific revolutions to the history of biology. Mayr emphasized that Darwin’s publication of the Origin of Species in 1859 caused a genuine scientific revolution in biology, but it was not a Kuhnian revolution. Darwin coined several theories comprising a complex theoretical system. Mayr defined five most crucial of these theories: evolution as such, common descent of all organisms including man, gradualism, the multiplication of species explaining organic diversity, and, finally, the theory of natural selection. Distinguishing these theories is of great significance because their destiny in the history of biology substantially differed. The acceptance of one theory by the majority of the scientific community does not necessarily mean the acceptance of others. Another argument by Mayr proved that Darwin caused two scientific revolutions in biology, which Mayr referred to as the First and Second Darwinian Revolutions. The Second Darwinian Revolution happened already in the 20th century and Mayr himself was its active participant. Both revolutions followed Darwin’s concept of natural selection. The period between these two revolutions can be in no way described as “normal science” in Kuhnian terms. Our reconstruction of the history of evolutionary theory support Mayr’s anti-Kuhnian arguments. Furthermore, we claim that the “evolution of evolutionary theory” can be interpreted in terms of the modified research programmes theory by Imre Lakatos, though not in their “purity”, but rather modified and combined with certain aspects of Marxian-Hegelian dialectics.
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Mithen, Steven. "Evolutionary theory and post-processual archaeology." Antiquity 63, no. 240 (1989): 483–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00076456.
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‘Revolutions may come and go, but evolution just keeps on growing.’ A century after Darwin, and social darwinism, evolutionary theory still has an important place in archaeological thought. Here its relevance and application is set out in relation to recent discussions of archaeological theory.
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Marciano, Alain, and Maud Pelissier. "The Influence of Scottish Enlightenment on Darwin's Theory of Cultural Evolution." Journal of the History of Economic Thought 22, no. 2 (2000): 239–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10427710050025439.
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Since the 1980s, institutional change has become a matter of great interest as economists faced the necessity and the challenge to provide a theory of economic or cultural evolution. Their first reaction was to refer to biology, a field in which theories of evolution have reached a high degree of sophistication. This was all the more legitimate and relevant given that biology has been largely influenced by economics (Schweber 1977, 1980; Gordon 1991; Kresge and Wenar 1994; Depew and Weber 1995). Indeed, the influence of classical political economy on the views of one of the fathers of the modern theory of evolution, Charles Darwin, is widely admitted. Darwin borrowed from economists fundamental ideas such as spontaneous order and methodological individualism (from Adam Smith), the positive role of diversity and variety (from Charles Babbage) and the concept of the struggle for life (from Thomas Malthus). Therefore, the ideas promoted by the founding fathers of political economy, sometimes called “Darwinians before Darwin” (Hayek 1973, p. 23), have shaped Darwin's theory of biological evolution.
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Guo, Zhe. "In Interpretation of Tickets, Please from Evolution and Sexual Selection Theory." Learning & Education 10, no. 5 (2022): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.18282/l-e.v10i5.2724.
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D.H. Lawrence is one of the most controversial writers in English literature in the 20th century. He has been frequently 
 criticized for his unfriendly treatment of female characters and a repulsion against Darwin’s theory. However, his view on women 
 and Darwinism gradually changed and developed. This paper intends to explore this change of view from the reading of Lawrence’s 
 short story Ticket, Please.
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Aviezer, Nathan. "On Darwin's Theory of Evolution." School Science and Mathematics 88, no. 7 (1988): 565–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1949-8594.1988.tb11855.x.
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Herbers, Joan M. "Darwin's ‘one special difficulty’: celebrating Darwin 200." Biology Letters 5, no. 2 (2009): 214–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2009.0014.
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Darwin identified eusocial evolution, especially of complex insect societies, as a particular challenge to his theory of natural selection. A century later, Hamilton provided a framework for selection on inclusive fitness. Hamilton's rule is robust and fertile, having generated multiple subdisciplines over the past 45 years. His suggestion that eusociality can be explained via kin selection, however, remains contentious. I review the continuing debate on the role of kin selection in eusocial evolution and suggest some lines of research that should resolve that debate.
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Vagyn, Yu V. "Evolution of darwinism. Synthetic theory of evolutions: 1926 – 1975 years." Visnik ukrains'kogo tovaristva genetikiv i selekcioneriv 17, no. 1 (2019): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.7124/visnyk.utgis.17.1.1201.
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The process of combining Darwinism and genetics, which entered the history of biology as a synthetic theory of evolution, is considered.Key words: synthetic theory of evolution, neo-Darwinism, the concept of a biological species, population genetics, genetic polymorphism, the theory of dominance, gene drift.
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Grafen, Alan. "Formalizing Darwinism and inclusive fitness theory." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 364, no. 1533 (2009): 3135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0056.
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Inclusive fitness maximization is a basic building block for biological contributions to any theory of the evolution of society. There is a view in mathematical population genetics that nothing is caused to be maximized in the process of natural selection, but this is explained as arising from a misunderstanding about the meaning of fitness maximization. Current theoretical work on inclusive fitness is discussed, with emphasis on the author's ‘formal Darwinism project’. Generally, favourable conclusions are drawn about the validity of assuming fitness maximization, but the need for continuing work is emphasized, along with the possibility that substantive exceptions may be uncovered. The formal Darwinism project aims more ambitiously to represent in a formal mathematical framework the central point of Darwin's Origin of Species , that the mechanical processes of inheritance and reproduction can give rise to the appearance of design, and it is a fitting ambition in Darwin's bicentenary year to capture his most profound discovery in the lingua franca of science.
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Malec, Grzegorz. "Charles Darwin and lady hope — the legend still alive." Hybris 29, no. 2 (2015): 126–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1689-4286.29.06.
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The theme of the present paper is the story of Darwin’s conversion as spread by Elizabeth Hope. Her article was published in August 1915. She wrote under the pseudonym “Lady Hope”, and her paper was titled “Darwin and Christianity”. Elizabeth Hope claimed that she visited Charles Darwin in autumn 1881, a couple of months before his death. Darwin during her visit was supposedly bedfast and reading Hebrews. During their conversation Darwin allegedly asked her to speak about Jesus Christ and sing some hymns in his summer house. I claim that (1) strong arguments exist that Lady Hope’s story is only the fruit of her imagination, and (2) all her adherents can only have hope that Darwin, renouncing his theory, returned to Christianity. Finally, I show some unpublished opinions of modern scholars which indicate that Darwin’s conversion never took place, and he never rejected his theory of evolution by natural selection.
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Bateson, Patrick. "The Evolution of Evolutionary Theory." European Review 18, no. 3 (2010): 287–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798710000049.
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Charles Darwin has had an extraordinary impact on many aspects of human affairs apart from revolutionizing biology. On the 200th anniversary of his birth, the Cambridge Darwin Festival in July 2009 celebrated these contributions to the humanities, philosophy and religion and the approach to medicine, economics and the social sciences. He is a man to revere. It is no discredit to him that the science of evolutionary biology should continue to evolve. In this article I shall consider some of the ways in which this has happened since his day.
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Csikszentmihalyi, Mihaly, Ervin Laszlo, Ralph Abraham, et al. "Commentaries on "Darwin’s Lost Theory: Bridge to a Better World"." Interdisciplinary Journal of Partnership Studies 9, no. 2 (2022): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24926/ijps.v9i2.5148.
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Evolutionary systems theorist David Loye wrote many pioneering and engaging books throughout his lifetime; one of the best-known is Darwin’s Lost Theory: Bridge to a Better World (2007), a book that explores and overturns the longstanding notions of distinct Darwinism based upon a ‘survival of the fittest’ human mentality. Instead, Loye discovered and sought to bring to light Darwin’s long-ignored insights and a complete theory into the evolution of human morality as guided by moral action and love. In this article, colleagues of David Loye comment on this important book.
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Konashev, Mikhail B. "Books on the Theory of Evolution in the Libraries of Russia (to the 150th Anniversary of “The Origin of Species” by Charles Darwin Publication)." Bibliotekovedenie [Library and Information Science (Russia)], no. 3 (May 24, 2010): 52–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/0869-608x-2010-0-3-52-55.
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The role of the Russian libraries in the perception and the development of evolutionary theory of Charles Darwin and modern (“synthetic”) theory of evolution is discussed. Particular attention is paid to the basic features of library acquisition of publications on evolutionary theory and the influence of censorship on this process. The conclusion is that due to the libraries Russia, according to K. Timiryazev has become “a second home Darwinism”, and the Soviet Union — “a second home for the modern theory of evolution”.
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Eisler, Riane. "Re-examining Darwin and Human Evolution from a Partnership Perspective: A Conversation with David Loye." Interdisciplinary Journal of Partnership Studies 6, no. 3 (2019): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.24926/ijps.v6i3.2347.
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Riane Eisler talks with her husband, social psychologist and Darwin scholar David Loye, about his re-examination of Darwin’s theory of evolution and how and why the role of love, moral sensitivity, mutual aid, and other partnership values has been ignored in most evolutionary narratives, whereas selfishness, violence, and other traits key to imposing and maintaining domination systems have been presented as key to human evolution.
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Bhattacharjee, J. K., G. R. Janssen, and T. G. Gregg. "Darwin's Theory of Evolution and Legacy." Microbe Magazine 4, no. 4 (2009): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/microbe.4.153.1.
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Prum, Richard O. "Aesthetic evolution by mate choice: Darwin's really dangerous idea." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 367, no. 1600 (2012): 2253–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2011.0285.
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Darwin proposed an explicitly aesthetic theory of sexual selection in which he described mate preferences as a ‘taste for the beautiful’, an ‘aesthetic capacity’, etc. These statements were not merely colourful Victorian mannerisms, but explicit expressions of Darwin's hypothesis that mate preferences can evolve for arbitrarily attractive traits that do not provide any additional benefits to mate choice. In his critique of Darwin, A. R. Wallace proposed an entirely modern mechanism of mate preference evolution through the correlation of display traits with male vigour or viability, but he called this mechanism natural selection. Wallace's honest advertisement proposal was stridently anti-Darwinian and anti-aesthetic. Most modern sexual selection research relies on essentially the same Neo-Wallacean theory renamed as sexual selection. I define the process of aesthetic evolution as the evolution of a communication signal through sensory/cognitive evaluation, which is most elaborated through coevolution of the signal and its evaluation. Sensory evaluation includes the possibility that display traits do not encode information that is being assessed, but are merely preferred. A genuinely Darwinian, aesthetic theory of sexual selection requires the incorporation of the Lande–Kirkpatrick null model into sexual selection research, but also encompasses the possibility of sensory bias, good genes and direct benefits mechanisms.
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Maze, Jack, and Cyril V. Finnegan. "Does Darwin's Theory Deserve Theological Support, and Does Evolution Need Darwin's Theory?" Theology and Science 6, no. 2 (2008): 239–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14746700801976973.
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Mizzoni, John. "Evolution and error theory." Social Science Information 49, no. 2 (2010): 165–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0539018409358505.
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Error theorists argue that there is a fundamental mistake, an error of some kind, at the heart of commonsense morality. They have drawn on evolutionary theory to support some of their claims. This article looks at four different models of evolution and assesses what implications can be drawn from them concerning commonsense morality and the claims of the error theorists Mackie, Ruse and Joyce. The author first spells out the main points of error theory, then discusses how recent proponents of error theory have attempted to join error theory about ethics with an evolutionary perspective. Finally, to assess their claims, the author examines what the models of evolution put forward by Darwin, Dawkins, Gould and Haught imply about error theory in ethics.
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Singh, B. N. "Perspectives on Modern Synthetic Theory of Evolution." JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH 66, no. 03 (2022): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.37398/jsr.2022.660315.
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For the past more than a century, evolution has become a corner stone of biology. Different theories have been proposed to explain the mechanisms of evolution such as Lamarckism, Darwinism, germ plasm theory, isolation theory, mutation theory, modern synthetic theory and neutral theory. Among these theories, emphasis is mostly given on single factors. However, modern synthetic theory combines different factors into one theory, particularly natural selection and Mendelian genetics that is why the word synthetic theory is used. Presently, it is the most widely accepted theory to explain the mechanism of evolution although it owes more to Darwin than to any other evolutionary biologist and is essentially built around the concept of natural selection. However, it incorporates much that is post-Darwinian. This theory offers the most widely accepted explanation for the mechanism of evolution and is based on factors such as gene mutations, structural and numerical alterations in chromosomes, genetic recombination, natural selection, random genetic drift, migration, hybridization and reproductive isolation. Further, some recent work in the field of molecular biology have thrown light on the mechanisms of evolution. The new biology goes beyond the modern synthesis, it integrates together genomics, bioinformatics, evolutionary genetics and molecular biology to provide novel explanations, and in the light of these findings, the OMS should be modified or extended. Even there is a suggestion to propose a new theory of evolution as a coherent alternative to modern synthesis
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GLADYSHEV, G. P. "MACROTHERMODYNAMICS OF BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS AND EVOLUTION." Journal of Biological Systems 01, no. 02 (1993): 115–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218339093000094.
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Thermodynamics of complex open hierarchical natural systems, known as macrothermo-dynamics, studies the evolution and behavior of non-steady state systems using specific values of classical thermodynamic functions tending to extremum. The tendency of the specific value of the Gibbs function of intermolecular interactions to reach a minimum during the formation of a supramolecular organismic structure determines the variation of the chemical composition of living bodies and accumulation by biosystems of high chemical energy matter. The proposed model of the biological evolution makes it possible to substantiate and experimentally to demonstrate the possibility of accumulation and inheritance of thermodynamic features under constant (steady state) environmental conditions. The thermodynamic theory of the biological evolution does not contradict the dynamic theory of Darwin and Walles and reconciles it with some concepts promulgated by the opponents of Darwinism.
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Vorachek, Laura. "MESMERISTS AND OTHER MEDDLERS: SOCIAL DARWINISM, DEGENERATION, AND EUGENICS IN TRILBY." Victorian Literature and Culture 37, no. 1 (2009): 197–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150309090123.
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About two-thirds of the way through George Du Maurier's Trilby (1894), a novel that entranced the reading public with its descriptions of Bohemian Paris and mesmerism, there is a seventeen-page digression on The Origin of Species. This rumination is sparked by the fact that Little Billee is “reading Mr. Darwin's immortal book for the third time” while he contemplates proposing to the parson's daughter, Alice (180; pt. 5). Ultimately, he cannot bring himself to do so because Alice believes, among other Bible stories, that “[t]he world was made in six days. It is just six thousand years old,” a view debunked in The Origin by Darwin's depiction of the gradual evolution of species over vast periods of time (174; pt. 5). While the controversy elicited in the second half of the nineteenth century by Darwin's theory of natural selection continues today, the question remains: what is this debate doing in a novel about expatriate artists and the woman they love? I read this seeming digression from the sentimental and sensational plot of the novel as a cue to the importance of Darwinian ideas to reading Trilby. In this article, I trace Du Maurier's engagement in Trilby and in his cartoons with various permutations of Social Darwinism, notably degeneration (especially its relationship to class), society's moral and cultural evolution, and eugenics. I argue that the novelist negotiates between Darwin and his interpreters as he resists collectivism, or state intervention in questions of social welfare, in favor of individual liberty in matters of sexual selection.
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Kamerer, Eva. "Theory of evolution between Darwinism and Lamarckism: Some aspects of reception of Darwin's theory in Serbia." Kultura, no. 134 (2012): 263–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/kultura1234263k.
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Gruenwald, Oskar. "Progress in Science." Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 22, no. 1 (2010): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jis2010221/21.
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A new paradigm is emerging which places Charles Darwin's theory of evolution via natural selection into a larger conceptual framework with greater explanatory power. Darwinism needs to be reconceptualized as a scientific enterprise and philosophical worldview. A larger framework is needed to account for the immaterial laws of nature which guide evolutionary mechanisms and processes to achieve predetermined ends that reflect a superlative Intelligence, Mind or God. Curiously, Darwinism fails to explain intelligent observers who can make sense of the laws of nature. Immanuel Kant's conception of man as both phenomenon and noumenon suggests that man is the missing link between science and religion, and that the two views of genesis—-evolution and creation--are complementary rather than antithetical. Evolution should be taught as science, not ideology. Teaching evolution as science means opening the theory to critical scrutiny which can correct, modify, enrich, and develop the theory in interdisciplinary perspective. But the theory of evolution reaches well beyond science narrowly defined, and broaches philosophical, ethical, and theological dimensions which can be addressed only in interdisciplinary conversation bringing to the table insights from many disciplines. Finally, Darwinism as a materialist, reductionist worldview needs to be humanized, if not Christianized, and thus reach its full potential as science. It would then also recognize human exceptionalism, the teleological imperative, the principle of tolerance, and the fundamental religious insight that we live by faith.
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Bromham, Lindell. "Darwin would have loved DNA: celebrating Darwin 200." Biology Letters 5, no. 4 (2009): 503–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2009.0298.
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Analysis of DNA sequences now plays a key role in evolutionary biology research. If Darwin were to come back today, I think he would be absolutely delighted with molecular evolutionary genetics, for three reasons. First, it solved one of the greatest problems for his theory of evolution by natural selection. Second, it gives us a tool that can be used to investigate many of the questions he found the most fascinating. And third, DNA data confirm Darwin's grand view of evolution.
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Cowles, Henry M. "On the Origin of Theories: Charles Darwin’s Vocabulary of Method." American Historical Review 122, no. 4 (2017): 1079–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ahr/122.4.1079.
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Abstract This is an essay on the origin of theories. It argues that methodology can do more than shape scientific theories—sometimes, vocabularies of method become such theories. The origin of Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection is a case in point: Darwin’s well-known attention to methodological matters not only framed but bled into his theory of nature. A careful student of contemporary methodology, Darwin sought guidance for using a controversial tool in the scientific world in which he came of age: the hypothesis. In the process of reading the works of John Herschel and William Whewell, Darwin turned nature itself into a man of science. The hypotheses and testing of scientific practice were mirrored in the variations and selection of the natural world. Though unintentional, Darwin’s naturalization of a vocabulary of method helped pave the way for applications of evolutionary theory to the study of the human mind and, completing the circle, to the philosophy of science. Considering the role of vocabularies of method in the origin of theories suggests new directions for the study of cognitive history and the power of language to transform the historical imagination.
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Santi, Selvia, and Nadeem Iqbal. "Islamic Approaches to Darwin's Theory of Evolution: Threats or Rationalization of the Doctrine of Human Origins?" HIKMATUNA: Journal for Integrative Islamic Studies 7, no. 2 (2021): 185–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.28918/hikmatuna.v7i2.3875.
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Darwin's theory of evolution continues to be a source of contention for academics concerned with the main issues of Islam and science in the twentieth century. As such, this research seeks to elicit perspectives from Islamic scholarly figures such as Seyyed Hossein Nasr, Zaghloul Al-Najjar, and Nidhal Guessoum. The three figures have varying perspectives on Darwin's theory of evolution. This divergent interpretation of Darwin's theory of evolution demonstrates that the debate on Islam and science did not totally result in the merger of the two, as all Muslim scholars agreed. This research employs Michel Foucault's archaeology and genealogy theories to examine the growth of Darwin's theory of evolution in the Islamic world, as symbolized by the three thinking figures. The findings indicated that Nasr expressly rejected Darwin's theory of evolution, which had been subjected to scientific and philosophical scrutiny. Al-Najjar says that the attitude of rejection and general acceptance of evolution theory is incorrect. By contrast, Guessoum views Darwin's theory of evolution as a factual truth that must be understood through the lens of Islam in order to generate theistic conceptions of evolution.
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Fattah, Galuh Nur, and Gede Agus Siswadi. "TELAAH HISTORIS TERHADAP TEORI EVOLUSI CHARLES DARWIN DITINJAU DARI REVOLUSI SAINS THOMAS S. KUHN." Jurnal Ledalero 21, no. 2 (2022): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.31385/jl.v21i2.292.219-231.
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<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>This article specifically describes how a scientific theory is formed and placed as an epistemic truth, even in the end it becomes a paradigm that influences scientific methodologies in various different scientific fields. This is in line with the scientific revolution proposed by Thomas S. Kuhn. The discussion in this article will focus on the development of the theory of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin in the field of biology, viewed from the perspective of the scientific revolution of Thomas S. Kuhn. This effort was made because in its development, Darwin's theory of evolution has historically been the starting point for theoretical revolutions in the field of biology, and even in other scientific fields. This historical explanation of how the development process of Darwin's theory of evolution shifted, and even undermined previous scientific theories, became a starting point for a radical theoretical transformation in the development of science which was viewed from Kuhn's analysis through his theoretical schema of the revolution of a scientific theory. This becomes very important for researchers and the general public, especially to provide an explanation that the epistemic truth in science is not a sudden speculative knowledge, as is the ontological truth in religious knowledge and cultural knowledge. The methodical approach used in this article will use a historical continuity approach, heuristics, and interpretation. The type of analysis in this article falls into the analysis of scientific theory. This article was written with the aim of providing a description, evidence, and argument that the paradigm shift of science from the pre-Darwinian evolutionary period to the Darwinian evolutionary period is a description of a radical theoretical transformation process that occurs instantly in a scientific field, which in Kuhn's thinking is passed through The main phases are normal science, anomaly, crisis, and scientific revolution.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> The Theory of Evolution, Scientific Revolution, Charles Darwin, Thomas S. Kuhn, Epistemic Truth</p>
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Falk, Raphael. "Darwin's Theory of Evolution as a Science." Poetics Today 9, no. 1 (1988): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1772888.
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Shivanna, K. R. "Gálapagos Islands and Darwin’s Theory of Evolution." Resonance 23, no. 4 (2018): 465–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12045-018-0636-9.
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HOQUET, Thierry. "Why terms matter to biological theories: the term “origin” as used by Darwin." Bionomina 1, no. 1 (2010): 58–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/bionomina.1.1.5.
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Everybody now understands what Darwin meant when he published his epoch-making book On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of favoured Races in the Struggle for life (1859). He, of course, meant evolution, i.e., the transformation of animals and plants, chance modifications, and speciation. Nevertheless, the very notion of “evolution” has aroused as much confusion as it has debate: some historians tend to suggest that Darwin intentionally avoided using the term, since it was supposedly full of progressive or embryological connotations; others claim that Darwin constantly employed the word (after all, they argue, the word “evolved” is the last one of the book). This disagreement regarding the supposed absence or presence of the term “evolution” is more than a sterile academic exercise: what is at stake in this debate is the very meaning of Darwin’s theory, as well as its relation to the contingent notions of “progress” and “development”.
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Pariyanto, Pariyanto, and Tomi Hidayat. "Konsep Missing Link Menstimulasi Pandangan Generasi Alpha (Asal Usul Manusia)." BIOEDUSAINS:Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi dan Sains 3, no. 1 (2020): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/bioedusains.v3i1.1261.
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The purpose of writing this article is an attempt to uncover the concept of the missing link on human origins (the theory of evolution). Researchers want to stimulate the views of the Alpha generation to have another view, we know that most of the present generation still believes in the origin of living things from apes. The method used is the literature review method, the study is carried out on journals, books and other sources that are relevant and can be guaranteed its validity. Search results and studies, the authors found the concept if this theory has actually been questioned since the development of science in ancient Rome and Greece. Broadly speaking, this theory states that living things that exist in the world up to now are the result of the development of creatures that have existed before, both concerning structure and function, hereditary from generation to generation. Thus, the change which is the result of development takes place in a very long time, that is, millions of years along with the evolution of the universe. This theory is not entirely wrong, the problem is that the theory is only a theory that is not strengthened by physical evidence so that Darwin's theory is widely doubted from various circles. With the concept of Missing Link is one proof that humans do not originate from apes. This is due to the fact that no transitional creatures have been discovered from any changes that occur between species. In conclusion, the concept of the missing link becomes a reference to stimulate the generation of alpha in understanding the concept of evolution put forward by Darwin and refutes the process of the origin of man himself put forward in Darwin's theory of evolution.
 Key words: Missing Link, Stimulate, Theory of Human Evolution.
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Galera, Andrés. "The Impact of Lamarck’s Theory of Evolution Before Darwin’s Theory." Journal of the History of Biology 50, no. 1 (2016): 53–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10739-015-9432-5.
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Anahit Kazzazi, Seyedeh. "Timberlake Wertenbaker’s After Darwin: Identity and Ethics in the Interplay of Theatre and Science." International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature 10, no. 3 (2021): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.10n.3p.54.
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After the success of Michael Frayne’s Copenhagen in 1998, a surge of interest was ignited among playwrights in writing about science by merging form and content to convey scientific ideas in a theatrical way. One of the best examples of the use of this interdependence of formal and thematic properties to theatrically communicate science is Timberlake Wertenbaker’s After Darwin. Wertenbaker introduces different aspects of the theory of evolution such as mutation, natural selection, extinction, and the survival of the fittest into the structure of the play to reveal the impact of Darwinism on the construction of identity and ethical imperatives in modern world. This study shows how these aspects of Darwinism are built into the structure of After Darwin, with reference to Wertenbaker’s treatment of identify and ethics. Prior studies have discussed ethics, identity, and evolution as separate entities. This study examines them as a single, integrated whole to reveal their interconnectedness and their significance in the theatrical and structural conveyance of science in After Darwin.