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Oliveira, Clovis Gomes de. "Tradução do livro Bodas de Mahmud Darwich." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8159/tde-30042015-185203/.
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Este estudo consiste em apresentar aspectos da poesia de Mahmud Darwich e também em propor uma tradução, do árabe ao português brasileiro, de seu livro Ars (Bodas). Para tal, descrevemos a vida do autor, seu contexto histórico-cultural, sua linguagem e seu fazer poético, coletando as imagens e metáforas mais recorrentes na sua obra.This study aims at presenting aspects of the poetry of Mahmoud Darwish. It also proposes a translation, from Arabic to Brazilian Portuguese, of his book Aras (Weddings). We describe the author\'s life, his historical and cultural context, his language and his poetry making, collecting images and recurring metaphors in his work.
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Darwish, Kinda Adnan [Verfasser]. "Different approaches of drugs interactions studied using affinity capillary electrophoresis / Kinda Adnan Darwish." Halle, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1160235600/34.
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Sazzad, R. "Edward Said's 'exile' reflected in the works of Naguib Mahfouz, Mahmoud Darwish, Leila Ahmed, Nawal El Saadawi and Youssef Chahine." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 2013. http://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/293/.
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Following Edward Said, my argument is that spatial exile, despite its distress and deprivations, generates a different way of looking at the world. Since intellectuals should look at the world differently, Said insists on their transcending the existential sufferings of losing home and urges them to cultivate what George Lamming famously calls ‘the pleasures of exile’. Thus, Said turns exile into a metaphorical concept and a model of intellectual practice in order to question the familiar and the known. In effect, Saidian intellectuals do not necessarily have to be dispossessed of their homeland. Rather, they have to be figuratively exiled from it by placing themselves at a certain distance from the familiar cultural system(s), and viewing them through the lens of the ‘other’ in order to broaden their perspective on them. To establish this, I first demonstrated that exilic conditions could be intellectually empowering, and outlined the properties of Saidian intellectual practice by showing how Mahfouz, Darwish, Saadawi, Ahmed, and Chahine also uphold its principles. I analysed how the convergences and divergences of their thoughts create diverse resistances, and discussed if writing is the abode where their pluralistic minds reside. I then ascertained the discursive intersections among Said’s ‘exile’ and postcolonialism and postmodernism by exhibiting the ‘exilic’ transcendence of some of the limitations existing there. Thus, my writing formed an in-depth analysis of Said’s ‘exile’ in order to project this as a significant intellectual vocation. At the same time, I presented some of the most prominent Middle Eastern and Arab-American intellectual(s) in a new light by highlighting the humanistic strength of their writings and creations. Thus, I formulate an enhanced understanding of freedom and identity contained in the ‘exile’ through cultural, political and theoretical arguments.
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Al, Salem Mohd Nour. "The translation of metaphor from Arabic to English in selected poems of Mahmoud Darwish with a focus on linguistic issues." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/7703/.
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The translation of Arabic literature into English is a wide field of study. The present study focuses only on one aspect - the translation of metaphor in selected poems of Mahmoud Darwish. Arabic is widely known as a strongly metaphorical language, and Darwish’s poems as part of Arabic literature hold many embedded meanings and metaphors that play a major role in building up their artistic flavour. In many translations of Arabic poems, metaphors and other figures of speech are mistranslated and, consequently, misunderstood by target text (TT) readers. This affects the meaning, form, imagery and moral/theme and leads to a distorted and inferior copy of the original poem. The present study aims to analyse the Arabic-to-English translation approaches adopted in rendering metaphors in poetic discourse, with specific reference to ten of Mahmoud Darwish’s poems. Six of the poems chosen have been translated more than once. This approach to selection will provide a platform for a comparative/contrastive analysis between different translations. The other four poems are translated only once. In fact, Darwish is a poet of universal significance whose message transcends the personal to the public, and he is well known for using many types of metaphors in his poems to relay certain messages and images to express his themes in an indirect way. The researcher will analyse each metaphor in the source text (ST) and its translation(s) to investigate whether or not the translators have succeeded in conveying the metaphor and message accurately, the type of resemblance embedded in the original poems, as well as the effect of the new metaphor on the reader of English. The study makes use of the fields of text linguistics, lexical semantics, and contrastive linguistics.
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Meryan, Dania. "Sites of (post)colonial becomings : body, land and text in the writings of Wilson Harris, Derek Walcott, Mahmoud Darwish and Ghassan Kanafani." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/28181.
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This thesis explores the reflexive relationship between sites of body, land and text and the potential of becoming in each one of them, in the literary works of four postcolonial writers: Wilson Harris, Derek Walcott, Mahmoud Darwish and Ghassan Kanafani. The study suggests a cross-cultural literary alliance between the Caribbean and Palestinian literatures by means of utilising theories of nomadic writing and ‘necropolitics’ in order to investigate the three physical territories of body, land, and text as ‘sites of becoming’. Engaging with a diverse range of theorists including, Gilles Deleuze, Achille Mbembe, Frantz Fanon, Emmanuel Levinas, Michel Agier, Edward Said, Zygmunt Bauman, Judith Butler and Edouard Glissant among others, this thesis investigates the possibility of representing violent pasts inscribed on lands and bodies in texts, and contends that the very impossibility of representation of bruised memory is what opens a literary space for the postcolonial writer to write on the wounds of history and give voice to the dispossessed. In the introduction to this thesis, the rationale and theoretical framework of the study is offered. The chapter on Wilson Harris’s Palace of the Peacock and Jonestown focuses on literary postcolonies used by Harris to suggest chaos theory as an alternative to linear narratives and a formula for transcending historical traumas. The study then moves to investigate Derek Walcott’s Omeros and the author’s attempt at crossing the literary parallels with the Homeric literary tradition. The chapter on Mahmoud Darwish explores the poet’s threatened longings for his Beloved/Land and how he encrypts desire in his literary writing. The politicized subject as an emblem of becoming is discussed in Ghassan Kanafani’s Men In The Sun and All That’s Left To You. In the conclusion, a crystallization of the main argument is given.
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Darwish, Mohamed Eslam [Verfasser], Sebastian [Gutachter] Jander, and Martina [Gutachter] Krüger. "High-tone external muscle stimulation (HTEMS) for radicular leg pain compared to transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) / Eslam Darwish Mohamed ; Gutachter: Sebastian Jander, Martina Krüger." Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1126641588/34.
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ALKAFRI, ISMAIL. "La poetique arabe contemporaine : reflexions sur la metrique et l'image." Paris 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA030240.
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Recherche sur la poesie arabe contemporaine, et surtout sur le poeme en vers libres qui rompt sensiblement avec le poeme arabe traditionnel sur le plan de la structure formelle et des modes de l'expression. Il s'agit donc d'une etude sur la structure metrique et l'image dans cette poesie. Les exemples poetiques analyses sont systematiquement empruntes a la production poetique ecrit par les pionniers du mouvement poetique moderniste : b. S. Al-sayyab, adonis, m. DarwisResearch on the contemporary arabic poetry, and especially on the free verse poema which lonstitutes a significant break with the traditionnal arabic poetry as well as on the formal structure as on the expression mode. This is, therfore, a study on the metric structure and the imagery in this poetry. The poetic examples analysed are borrowed from the poetic production of the pionneers of the modernist poetic movement : b. S. Al-sayyab, adonis, m. Darwis
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Darwish, Mohammed Ahmed Fouad Ibrahim [Verfasser], Alessio [Akademischer Betreuer] Gagliardi, Alessio [Gutachter] Gagliardi, and Carlo Aldo [Gutachter] Di. "Charge Transport in Organic Field-Effect Transistors: A Multi-dimensional Theoretical Study / Mohammed Ahmed Fouad Ibrahim Darwish ; Gutachter: Alessio Gagliardi, Aldo Di Carlo ; Betreuer: Alessio Gagliardi." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1199537705/34.
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Alenzi, Suad A. H. S. M. "'I am neither there, nor here' : an analysis of formulations of post-colonial identity in the work of Edward W. Said and Mahmoud Darwish : a thematic and stylistic analytical approach." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/i-am-neither-there-nor-herean-analysis-of-formulations-of-postcolonial-identity-in-the-work-of-edward-w-said-and-mahmoud-darwisha-thematic-and-stylistic-analytical-approach(da190801-ecd1-4a38-a121-c688ed6c1da8).html.
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This thesis examines the work of two of the twentieth century’s foremost cultural figures, the Palestinian-American literary critic Edward Said (1935-2003) and the Palestinian poet Mahmoud Darwish (1941-2008), and focuses specifically on the formulation and representation in their respective work of the theme of identity. It explores the depictions of this concept in their writing; comparing and contrasting their personal viewpoints on the various facets of their own identity as Palestinian Arabs and cosmopolitan global citizens expressed through their chosen literary medium, prose for Said and poetry for Darwish. At the same time, this analysis of the creative writing of these two authors will serve to shed light on the complex and ongoing process which is involved in identity formation and maintenance, and conceptualization of the self. Said and Darwish’s multi-conceptualisations of self-identity take place in Chapter Three, which is divided into seven zones of self-identity. Their understanding of self-identity is observed through the spaces of their names, language, family relationships, friendships, ethnicities, nationalism, hybrid identities, and cosmopolitanism. The concept of post-Nakba and Naksa literature maps the critical developments in evaluations of Arabic literature and, more particularly, Palestinian literature. The understanding of Palestinian cultural context requires an adequate assimilation regarding the impact of Nakba and Naksa in Palestinian literature, linked strongly with the general impact of Nakba in all Arab literature. The thesis begins by establishing the major socio-political, cultural and historical contexts which shaped the lives and work of Said and Darwish. Then using an innovative theoretical framework which draws on elements of post-colonial theory Said’s own contrapuntal technique and close textual analysis, the thesis explores a number of key facets pertaining to identity construction which it can be argued are of particular relevance to the Palestinian case. These include trauma, collective cultural memories, displacement, the Diasporic experience and the dream of return. At the same time, the thesis reveals how whilst both Said and Darwish remained dedicated to the Palestinian cause they adopted a cosmopolitan identity which was reflected in their respective work and its identification with diverse groups of oppressed peoples.
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Steinmacher, Edle. "Der Klang Ägyptens: Die Musik Alexandrias." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-161989.
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Die Studie widmet sich dem heutigen Musikleben in Ägypten und legt den Schwerpunkt auf die Stadt Alexandria. Obwohl alle großen Einzelereignisse, die im 20. Jahrhundert zur Entwicklung der ägyptischen Musik beigetragen haben, in Kairo stattfanden, besteht auch in Alexandria ein breitgefächertes Musikleben, das alle musikalischen Entwicklungen dieses Jahrhunderts aufgesogen und trotzdem eine individuelle Prägung entfaltet hat. Auf einen historischen Abriss zur Geschichte der ägyptischen Musik im 20. Jahrhundert folgt eine Bestandsaufnahme der Musikszenen in Alexandria, wie die Verfasserin sie ihm Jahre 2013 selbst erlebt hatThe study deals with music in Egypt today with particular emphasis on the city of Alexandria. Even if the major events that contributed to the development of Egyptian music in the 20th century took place in Cairo, there is a wide range of musical life in Alexandria that has absorbed all the musical developments of the last century while retaining its individual character. A historical overview of Egyptian music in the 20th century is followed by a survey of the music scene in Alexandria as experienced by the author in 2013
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Mondo, Eleonora. "Shear Capacity of Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete Beams without Conventional Shear Reinforcement." Thesis, KTH, Bro- och stålbyggnad, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-41016.
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While the increase in shear strength of Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete (SFRC) is well recognized, it has yet to be found common application of this material in building structures and there is no existing national standard that treats SFRC in a systematic manner. The aim of the diploma work is to investigate the shear strength of fibre reinforced concrete beams and the available test data and analyse the latter against the mostpromising equations available in the literature. The equations investigated are:Narayanan and Darwish’s formula, the German, the RILEM and the Italian guidelines. Thirty articles, selected among over one hundred articles taken from literature, have been used to create the database that contains almost 600 beams tested in shear. This large number of beams has been decreased to 371 excluding all those beams and test that do not fall within the limitation stated for this thesis. Narayanan and Darwish’s formula can be utilized every time that the fibre percentage, the type of fibres, the beam dimensions, the flexural reinforcement and the concrete strength class have been defined. On the opposite, the parameters introduced in the German, the RILEM and the Italian guidelines always require a further characterization of the concrete (with bending test) in order to describe the post‐cracking behaviour. The parameters involved in the guidelines are the residual flexural tensile strengths according to the different test set‐ups. A method for predicting the residual flexural tensile strength from the knowledge of the fibre properties, the cylindrical compressive strength of the concrete and the amount of fibres percentage is suggested. The predictions of the shear strength, obtained using the proposed method for the residual flexural tensile strength, showed to be satisfactory when compared with the experimental results. A comparison among the aforementioned equations corroborate the validity of the empirical formulations proposed by Narayanan and Darwish nevertheless only the other equations provide a realistic assessments of the strength, toughness and ductility of structural elements subjected to shear loading. Over the three investigated equations, which work with the post‐cracking characterization of the material, the Italian guideline proposal is the one that, due to its wide domain of validity and the results obtained for the gathered database of beams, has been selected as the most reliable equation.
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Leeuwenburgh, Bart. "Darwin in domineesland = Darwin and the Dutch : een reconstructie van de wijze waarop geleerde Nederlanders Darwins evolutietheorie filosofisch beoordeelden, 1859-1877 /." Rotterdam, 2009. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?sys=000254425.
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Sahlén, Ola. "Imago dei efter Darwin : - ett nytt (lutherskt) imago dei i ljuset av Darwins evolutionslära." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-354550.
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Den traditionella substantialistiska tolkningen av imago dei bygger på tanken att människan är väsenskiljd och unik i förhållande till övriga skapelsen i kraft av vissa kognitiva egenskaper. Darwins evolutionslära problematiserar denna antropologi. Detta ställer nya teologiska frågor kring mänsklig unicitet och hur imago dei, ska förstås. I uppsatsen diskutterar och pekar jag på en riktning för hur ett nytt imago dei kan förstås. Jag argumenterar för valet av en relationell tolkning av ett (luthersk) imago dei.
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Ruskin, McClatchy Jack. "Palestinian Memory and Identity." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1148.
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The 1948 Arab-Israeli War effectively destroyed Palestinian society. Hundreds of thousands of Palestinians fled their homes and sought refuge in foreign lands, where they attempted to reestablish their lives and culture. This thesis examines the role of memory in shaping a Palestinian diaspora identity and uses Mahmoud Darwish’s book The Buttefly’s Burden to identify important aspects of the collective Palestinian experience. As the Palestinian national poet, Mahmoud Darwish provides authentic representations of the Palestinian struggle to reconcile the loss of their homeland. Examining Darwish’s work, this thesis explores four significant sources of Palestinian memory and identity: exile, absence, occupation, and the land. Through these sources, Darwish is able to recreate Palestinian society in his lyric and poetic genius.
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Leeuwenburgh, Bart. "Darwin in domineesland een reconstructie van de wijze waarop geleerde Nederlanders Darwins evolutietheorie filosofisch beoordeelden, 1859-1877 /." Rotterdam : Rotterdam : Erasmus Universiteit ; Erasmus University [Host], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1765/14433.
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Harb, Marwan. "Mahmoud Darwich, victime en quête d'identité." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCF027/document.
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Le poète Palestinien Mahmoud Darwich appartient à l’interrogation de la victime, victime de l’injustice infligée par l’autre, et aussi, victime de sa propre défaite. La victime vit dans une situation extra-ordinaire, qui perturbe sa relation identitaire avec le monde. Ainsi, la quête identitaire de la victime devient la quête de l’ordinaire et du naturel, qui se présente en tant que problématique posée à un individu qui ne peut suffisamment interroger son individualité indépendante. A travers, l’approche égo-écologique qui permet de reconstruire l’espace élémentaire de l’identité, nous avons prélevé les effets identitaires dans la poésie de Mahmoud Darwich qui lui ont permis de reconstruire son identité de victime, et en même temps ont participé à l’émergence d’une identité collective palestinienneThe Palestinian poet Mahmoud Darwish belongs to the interrogation of the victim, victim of the injustice perpetrated by others, and also, victim of his own defeat. The victim lives in an extra-ordinary situation, which disturbs its identity relationship with the world. Hence, the identity quest of the victim becomes the quest for the ordinary and the natural, that occurs as a problematic confronted by an individual who can not sufficiently interrogate his independent individuality. Throughout the ego-ecological approach that reconstructs the elementary frame of identity, we deducted the identity effects of Mahmoud Darwish's poetry, that allowed him to recreate his identity as a victim, and at the same time, contributed to the emergence of a collective Palestinian identity
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Gayon, Jean. "La théorie de la sélection : Darwin et l'aprés-Darwin." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010596.
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Bendahmane, Hanane. "Analyse euphonique et stylistique du poème "Beyrouth", Mahmoud Darwich." Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05H050.
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Nous parlons souvent de la musique des vers. Seulement, ce concept n'est aborde que dans le cadre des etudes rythmiques, sans qu'elles se soucient de l'agencement de l'ensemble des consonnes et des voyelles au niveau d'un vers qui forme un tout coherent. Meme ces etudes restent toujours theoriques; quant a l'application, elles sont subordonnees, c'est pourquoi notre premiere partie est consacree a l'analyse rythmique dans le but de demontrer comment le poeme contemporain realise sa structure rythmique, d'apres l'analyse de chaque genre du rythme:metrique, accentuel et des timbres. Avec cette etude s'ouvre la perspective d'un systeme euphonique qui constitue la deuxieme partie de notre travail. Le decoupage euphonique, nous a revele le mecanisme sonore du texte poetique. L'etude technique de ces deux structures, nous a devoile des procedures stylistiques. Ce qui nous a revele le fonctionnement de ces deux structures dans le message afin de degager le "surmessage" apres avoir identifier les "surcodes"The music of verse is a hackneyed notion. Most of the time this concept is tackled only as part of rythmic studies which elude the organisation of the set of consonants and vowels withen a verse which can constitute a coherent whole. Even these rythmic studies always remain theoretical. That is why the first part of the present study is devoted to rythmic analysis and aims at showing the rythmic structure of the contemporary poem from an analysis of each kind of rythm: metric, strers and timber. These analyses the way to a euphonic system which constitutes the second part of the present study. The euphonic cut-out of each level (linear, serial, combinative and vertical) for each verse of the poem shows the fundamental role of sounds in poetic text. The technical study of both the rythmic and euphonic structures disclases stylistic processes which ted us to make an analysis of the stylistic consequences of rythm and euphony. The thrid part shows the functioning of both structures in the message and brings out the "surmessage" after having identified the "surcodes"
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Zakharia, Kati. "Le Temps poétique chez le poète palestinien Mahmoud Darwieh." Paris 4, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA040147.
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Kummer, David J. "The descent of Darwin a theological understanding of Charles Darwin /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2004. http://www.tren.com.
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Santamaria, Sylvia S. "Darwin or Frankenstein?" ScholarWorks@UNO, 2019. https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2639.
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Through sculpture and drawing, I create my own versions of natural specimens primarily based upon the visual unity of disparate organisms. Invented specimens are composed using a variety of processes employing a mixture of atypical materials following the (20th, 21st century) Postmodern shift away from formalist and traditional uses of any singular medium. As well as a variety of art materials, the specimens are hybrids of organic and biomorphic elements, blurring boundaries between botanical, animal, fungal, metal, and mineral. Is my approach perhaps like Charles Darwin, observant and studious naturalist, or am I more like Dr. Frankenstein, science fiction maker of monstrosities?
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Porto, Gabriel Pereira. "O buldogue de Darwin." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2012. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/93689.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Filosofia, Florianopolis, 2010Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-25T02:10:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 279351.pdf: 638065 bytes, checksum: 54e9d77d74ab6341a8a5b848567c1088 (MD5)
Auto-intitulado o Buldogue de Darwin, Thomas Huxley ficou bastante conhecido como um fiel defensor do darwinismo, principalmente em âmbito não-especializado. Porém, sua advocacia nesse sentido teve como pano de fundo seu posicionamento filosófico, ao qual denominou cunhando o termo agnosticismo. Esse termo é comumente mal-interpretado e utilizado de forma inadequada, muitas vezes sendo entendido como um posicionamento religioso intermediário entre o deísmo e o ateísmo. Tal perspectiva está totalmente em desacordo com aquilo que Huxley tinha em mente quando cunhou o termo em uma reunião da extinta Metaphysical Society, onde, fortemente apoiado pelas filosofias de David Hume e Imannuel Kant, buscou exprimir sua posição perante os assuntos ali debatidos. O Agnosticismo é melhor compreendido como uma posição filosófica que defende a suspensão de juízo em relação a assuntos que transcendem à experiência, isto é, como uma reivindicação sobre as limitações e o escopo das faculdades cognitivas humanas. Ele deve ser utilizado como uma espécie de princípio de parcimônia epistemológico, que nega a validade a proposições sobre entidades que são em princípio inobserváveis. Obviamente um personagem que sustentava tal posição se sentiu bastante atraído por uma explicação totalmente naturalística acerca da história da vida na Terra, como aquela proposta por Charles Darwin em "A Origem das Espécies". Embora tivesse ressalvas sobre alguns pontos da teoria de Darwin, como o gradualismo e o mecanismo de seleção natural, Huxley, de um modo geral, estava em perfeita sintonia com a visão darwiniana. E Darwin, por sua vez, também estava em sintonia com o posicionamento filosófico de Huxley, e este servia perfeitamente como suporte para a aceitação de sua teoria, principalmente em relação ao público geral. Buscaremos portanto demonstrar a intrínseca relação existente entre o agnosticismo de Huxley e a teoria darwiniana da evolução. Embora fossem muito amigos, as defesas de Huxley à teoria darwiniana foram totalmente isentas de motivações extra-científicas. Será defendida também a ideia de que o agnosticismo, tal como Huxley o compreendia, enquanto um naturalismo epistemológico, leva inevitavelmente à uma visão evolutiva sobre a origem das espécies biológicas e as características apresentadas por elas. De modo semelhante, a revolução científica e cultural causada pela teoria darwiniana levou ao agnosticismo ser praticamente um axioma geral do pensamento científico a partir do século XX.
Self-titled Darwin's Bulldog, Thomas Huxley was well known as a staunch defender of Darwinism, primarily at the non-specialist. However, his advocacy in this direction was the background of his philosophical position, to which he coined the term agnosticism. This term is often misunderstood and used inappropriately, often being seen as a religious position intermediate between deism and atheism. This perspective is totally at odds with what Huxley had in mind when he coined the term in a reunion of the extinct Metaphysical Society, where he, strongly supported by the philosophy of David Hume and Imannuel Kant, sought to express its position on the issues there discussed. The agnosticism is best understood as a philosophical position that calls for suspension of judgment in respect of matters which transcend the experience, that is, as a claim about the limitations and scope of human cognitive faculties. It should be used as a kind of epistemological principle of parsimony, which denies the validity of the statements about entities that are unobservable in principle. Obviously a character who held such a position has felt very attracted to a completely naturalistic explanation about the history of life on Earth, like that proposed by Charles Darwin in "The Origin of Species". Although he had reservations about some points of Darwin's theory, such as gradualism and the mechanism of natural selection, Huxley, in general, he was in perfect harmony with the Darwinian view. And Darwin, in turn, was also in line with the philosophical position of Huxley, and it served well as support for the acceptance of his theory, especially in relation to the general public. Therefore, we seek to demonstrate the intrinsic relationship between the agnosticism of Huxley and Darwin's theory of evolution. Although they were good friends, the defenses of Huxley to Darwin's theory were completely free of extra-scientific motivations. We will also hold the idea that Huxley's agnosticism is like an epistemological naturalism, that leads inevitably to an evolutionary view on the origin of species and on the features presented by them. Similarly, the scientific and cultural revolution caused by Darwin's theory led to agnosticism is practically a general axiom of scientific thought from the twentieth century.
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Hammo, Rab'a. "Identité et altérité dans le recueil "Onze astres" de Maḥmūd Darwiš." Thesis, Paris 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA030010.
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Cette thèse a pour objectif d’analyser les poèmes du recueil "Onze astres" de Maḥmūd Darwiš et d’y étudier l’importance de la notion d’identité et d’altérité qui s’en dégage. Nous avons, par ailleurs, adopté une approche intertextuelle pour révéler les variétés des références textuelles. Ce recueil met l'accent sur les évènements tragiques de l’histoire arabe que le poète met en relation avec d’autres épisodes survenus sur d’autres continents et qui posent la même problématique identitaire. Les poèmes commencent par la chute de Grenade en 1492, puis se poursuivent par la "Catastrophe" la (Nakba) palestinienne en 1948 et se terminent par la deuxième guerre du Golfe et l'accord de paix entre Israël et l'OLP en 1991. Chacun des poèmes du recueil s’inscrit dans le genre épique. Nous avons abordé l’épopée comme un moyen d’exprimer l’identité nationale des Palestiniens : elle incarne en effet la tragédie de ce peuple, leur défaite dans le passé et leur fin apocalyptique dans l’avenirThis thesis aims to study the Identity and otherness in the poetry volume "Eleven planets" of Maḥmūd Darwiš. We have adopted an Intertextual approach to reveal the variety of the textual references in the poems. This volume is shedding lights on the tragic events in the Arabic history, which the poet bounded with the history of other nations who face an identity problem. The poems pursue a fixed and steady timing, which initially commencing with Granada falls tragedy in 1492, followed by the Palestinian "Catastrophe" in 1948 and finished in the events of the second Gulf war and the Peace Conference between Arabs and Israel in 1991. The whole volume based on epical genre. We have used the epic as a model to exprime the national identity of the Palestinians: it shows their tragedy, their defeat in the past and their apocalyptic destin in the future
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Ahouansou, René. "Le paradoxe darwino-marxiste de Jack London." Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040349.
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Il y a deux discours contradictoires chez Jack London, l'un socialiste et l'autre évolutionniste. Notre propos a été d'indiquer que l'idéologie évolutionniste est antinomique avec l'idéologie et l'idéal socialistes tels que nous les entendons, c'est-à-dire la coopération, l'avènement d'un ordre social ou la rivalité, la compétition feraient place à l'harmonie sociale et à la solidarité. La lutte pour l'existence, la survivance du plus apte qui sont les fondements mêmes du système évolutionniste s'opposent à l'idéal des socialistes. Or Jack London prône visiblement l'une et l'autre idéologies d'où le concept du paradoxe darwino-marxiste. Mais il apparait à l'analyse de ses œuvres qu'il est plus évolutionniste, plus darwiniste avec une tendance marquée au nietzschéisme qu'il n'est socialiste. Son racisme virulent contre les non-anglo-saxons, les races basanées et les noirs invalident toute prétention au socialisme, synonyme de fraternité universelleThere are two contradictory attitudes in Jack London, the one is socialist, the other evolutionist. My aim in this thesis is to show that the evolutionary ideology is antithetic with the socialist ideology and ideal as i understand them, i. E. Cooperation, the coming of a new social order in which rivalries, vital competition will give way to social harmony and solidarity. The struggle for life and the survival of the fittest which are the basis of the evolutionist system are opposed to the ideal of the socialist. Yet Jack London obviously advocates both ideologies, which explains the use of the concept of darwino-marxist paradox. But it appears from the study of his works that he is more of an evolutionist, more of a Darwinist with pronounced nietzschean leanings than he is a socialist. Anyhow his violent anti-non-Anglo-Saxon, anti-brown and anti-black racism invalidates any claims of his to socialism, synonymous of universal brotherhood
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Ahouansou, René. "Le Paradoxe darwino-marxiste de Jack London." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376021573.
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Mahasneh, Anjad. "The Translatability of Emotiveness in Mahmoud Darwish's Poetry." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28619.
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This study addresses the translatability of emotive expressions in the poetry of the distinguished Palestinian poet Mahmoud Darwish. The study gives translators and readers an example of how to look at emotiveness in the Arabic poetry by studying main sources of emotiveness like cultural expressions, figures of speech such as rhetorical questions and repetitions as well as expressions of direct emotiveness such as proper names. The ambition of this study is to enrich the literature on translation with new examples of emotiveness by pointing out the expected problem areas when translating emotive expressions. Furthermore, this study is significant since it attempts to answer the question of whether emotiveness constitutes a problem when translating from Arabic into English and whether the meaning and the musicality of poetry are translatable or not.
The English translations are selected from: 1. Unfortunately, It Was Paradise translated and edited by Munir Akash and Carolyn Forche with Sinan Antoon and Amira El-Zein (2003) e 2. The Butterfly's Burden translated by Fady Joudah (2007). The original poems can be found in Darwish's most recent poetry collections included in the 2009 edition of The Complete Recent Works by Mahmoud Darwish, published in Beirut.
The emotive expressions selected from the English collections and compared to the Arabic original are divided into three categories: the cultural expressions, the linguisticexpressions, and the political expressions. The study highlights different emotive devices used in the selection of poems, by carrying out an analysis of the English translation as well as the Arabic original text. The emotive expressions selected are carefully analyzed to show how the translation was able to render the emotive meaning expressed and intended by the poet in the text in its original form.
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Månsson, Anette. "Passage to a new wor(l)d : exile and restoration in Mahmoud Darwish's writings 1960-1995 /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2003. http://publications.uu.se/theses/91-554-5525-5/.
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Bernstorff, Florian. "Darwin, Darwinismus und Moralpädagogik zu den ideengeschichtlichen Voraussetzungen des Darwinismus und seiner Rezeption im deutschsprachigen pädagogischen Diskurs des späten 19. Jahrhunderts." Bad Heilbrunn Klinkhardt, 2009. http://d-nb.info/996918248/04.
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Darwich, May [Verfasser]. "Solubility/Bioavailability Enhancement and Modified Release Formulations of Poorly Water-Soluble Drugs / May Darwich." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1081660198/34.
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Ferreira, Marcelo Alves. "Transformismo e extinção: de Lamarck a Darwin." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8133/tde-24102007-150401/.
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A teoria da descendência com modificação de Darwin, que explica a origem de espécies através da seleção natural, é considerada um marco na história da ciência. A possibilidade de unificação de toda a biologia e a mudança que ela trouxe para nossos valores e para a nossa compreensão da posição da humanidade no universo ainda causam um grande impacto na sociedade e na relação entre ciência e filosofia. O objetivo do presente estudo é compreender alguns aspectos dos desenvolvimentos da ciência que antecederam essa teoria. Dois elementos foram estabelecidos como referências para essa análise: a teoria de Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, a mais importante a propor o conceito da transformação das espécies antes de Darwin e o problema científico da explicação da extinção. As várias teorias elaboradas para dar conta da diversidade de espécies na Terra, bem como para explicar o fenômeno da extinção são discutidas através das obras de Georges Cuvier, Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire e Richard Owen. Nessas teorias, as questões da adaptação e das noções teleológicas são destacadas devido à sua relação com o problema da extinção. A abordagem de Darwin para o problema da extinção é discutida em sua relação com o conceito de seleção natural e com o conceito de adaptação defendido pela teologia natural britânica.Darwin\'s theory of descent with modification, which explains the origin of species by natural selection, is considered a milestone in the history of science. The possibility of unification of the entire field of biology and the changes that it brought to our values and to our understanding of the position of mankind in the universe are still causing great impact in society and in the relationship between science and philosophy. The aim of this study is to understand some aspects of the developments of science that preceded this theory. Two elements were established as references for this analysis: the theory of Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, the most important work proposing the concept of transformation of species before Darwin, and the scientific problem of the explanation of extinction. The several theories elaborated to account for the diversity of species on Earth as well as to explain the phenomenon of extinction are discussed through the works of Georges Cuvier, Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire and Richard Owen. Within these theories, the issues of adaptation and teleological notions are stressed because of their connection to the problem of extinction. Darwin\'s approach to the problem of extinction is discussed for its relation to the concept of natural selection and to the concept of adaptation defended by the british natural theology.
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Bonduki, Sonia. "Zoonomia de Erasmus Darwin: uma análise epistêmica." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2013. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/13287.
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Previous issue date: 2013-11-04Erasmus Darwin (1731-1803) was a doctor, botanist, philosopher, inventor and poet. A closer look into his life and work unveils an active 18th-century English man of science, who had a significant role in the foundation of learned societies, such as Birmingham s Lunar Society. Mostly known in the present time as Charles Darwin and Francis Galton s grandfather, he was eventually attributed some anticipations of the former s ideas on evolution. However, Zoonomia was written to introduce the foundations of medical theory and practice to colleagues. According to Darwin, the laws of organic life corresponded to the operation of the faculties of the principle of motions, which he named as spirit of animation. Having resource to some of the ideas most prevalent in his time, he listed such faculties as being four: irritation, sensitivity, sensitivity, volition, and association. Consistently, in his nosology, Darwin applied Carl von Linné´s botanical taxonomy to those faculties to formulate a rational classification of disease, which could also serve as a therapeutic guide
Erasmus Darwin (1731-1803) foi médico, botânico, filósofo, inventor e poeta. Ao se estudar mais profundamente sua vida e sua obra, encontra-se um ativo homem de ciência na Inglaterra do século XVIII, tendo, inclusive, participado da fundação de sociedades de estudiosos, tais como a Lunar Society de Birmingham. Atualmente mais conhecido por ter sido o avô de Charles Darwin e Francis Galton, chegou-se, inclusive, a se atribuir a ele uma antecipação das ideias evolucionistas do primeiro. No entanto, Zoonomia é uma obra destinada a apresentar os fundamentos da teoria e da prática da medicina aos seus colegas. De acordo com Darwin, as leis da vida orgânica se resumem à operação das faculdades do princípio de movimento, que chama de espírito de animação e, com base nas ideias prevalentes na época, reduz à irritação, à sensação, à vontade e à associação. Na sua nosologia, aplica a taxonomia botânica de Carl Von Linné a essas faculdades, de modo a apresentar uma classificação racional das doenças que, ao mesmo tempo, serve como base à terapêutica
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Miranda, Maldonado Jessica Pamela. "Cambios ontogenéticos del metabolismo de termorregulación en Phyllotis Darwini." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2012. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/131553.
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Memoria para optar al Titulo Profesional de Médico VeterinarioSe estudió la plasticidad fenotípica inducida ambientalmente en la capacidad funcional aeróbica en el roedor de desarrollo tardío Phyllotis darwini. Se investigaron las tasas metabólicas basales y máximas (la medición del consumo de oxígeno de un animal es una expresión del metabolismo aeróbico de éste) en animales aclimatados a alta temperatura (bajo requerimiento energético de termorregulación: 30°C) y a baja temperatura (alto requerimiento: 15°C), en diferentes etapas del desarrollo. Se encontraron temperaturas corporales más altas y mayores velocidades de desarrollo en las capacidades termorregulatorias en crías nacidas de madres aclimatadas al frío. Esta diferencia podría ser explicada por efectos maternos sobre la camada, como por ejemplo, altos niveles de catecolaminas y tiroxina, o mayores cantidades de grasa parda como consecuencia de la aclimatación al frío. La exposición de las madres y la mantención del frío en las crías durante el desarrollo temprano serían responsables del alto metabolismo y mayor capacidad termorregulatoria de las crías
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Loukili, Abdelilah. "La poésie arabe entre identité et modernité : l'espérience de Mahmud Darwich : le poème de Grenade." Lyon 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO31013.
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Notre sujet relate la poesie arabe dans son souci de modernite dans sa dimension identitaire, le 20eme siecle met l'arabe devant un dileme tres epineux : rejetter en totalite le savoir faire dans l'espoir de trouver une meilleur expression poetique relative a l'emotion qu' il ressent dans la sphere d'une civilisation domine par la griffe de l'occident. La presence arabe et depuis des siecles est reduite au silence et a l'absence d'une participation active. C'est une situation qui s'oppose a celle qu'il avait connu le 8eme et 9eme siecles quand sa presence etait soutenue par une poesie et un avenement cultuel, en position de force il avait realise sa modernite sur tous les plans. A l'aube du vingtieme siecle le besoin d'egaler les realisations occidentales etaient percues de facon mecanique : se couper de son propre cordon ombilical pour mieux se rattacher au moderne. Cette vision devenait une voie ultime voir fatale selon les poetes modernes des annees cinquante, qui voulait passer sous silence une bonne part du patrimoine poetique, aussi bien la langue que le metre qui devaient suivre. Une telle tendance engage l'acquis poetique arabe vers une voie sans issue, puisque nous ne pouvons assimiler l'autre que si nous l'approchons avec nos propres signes distinctifs preserves dans l'histoire, et dans l'experience acquise. C'est ainsi que l'occident a realise son propre pari. Mahmud darwis represente le souffle correcteur pour une modernite objectivement concue c'est a dire une modernite qui s'inscrit dans la continuite logique et naturelle des choses. Le corpus que nous avons choisi corohore??? cette vision puisqu'il s'agit d'une date qui marque l'arret de la presence arabe en andalousie : la tragedie en tant que reserve thematique particulierement arabe, se deverse dans le flot de la tragedie humaine en tant que phase de l'identite. Darwis par ce retour a l'histoire feconde, par la meme occasion, le concept d'une modernite en etroite liaison avec son patrimoine, lui qui vit l'exil. Errant, il retrace le labyrinthe de la perte de grenade et la jauge a la mesure du tragique et du poids du present, qui le cerne et le dirige vers l'abime, ou donc se trouve l'andalousie? sur terre ou dans le poeme?
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Abdmouleh, Nabil. "La tradition du nây arabe : les deux maîtres : Amîn al-Buzarî et 'Alî al-Darwîsh." Paris 8, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA082685.
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Cette recherche est essentiellement consacrée à la vie et à l’œuvre des deux grands maîtres du nây (flûte en roseau usitée dans l’ensemble de musique savante de l’école syro-égyptienne) : Amîn al-Buzarî (1855-1935) et al-Shaykh ‘Alî al-Darwîsh (1884-1952). Ces deux personnages furent des disciples de maîtres turcs et les initiateurs d’un style de jeu exceptionnel de cet instrument. Une bonne partie de cette recherche est consacrée à l’analyse de l’œuvre de ces deux maîtres du nây arabe, analyse de leur technique de jeu virtuose et de leur style d’interprétation du répertoire savant après transcription de leur taqsîm (improvisation) et des pièces instrumentales qu’ils gravèrent pour diverses compagnies de disques. Une partie de cette recherche sera également consacrée à l’étude organologique du nây (son histoire, sa morphologie, son principe de fonctionnement, sa facture et sa technique de jeu). Nous consacrons un long chapitre aux différents types de nây et aux maqâm-s (modes) pouvant être joués à l’aide de ces instruments. La partie organologique sera précédée d’un aperçu sur l’univers musical égyptien vers la fin du 19e siècle. Nous y abordons la musique savante égyptienne, depuis l’avènement du règne du Khédive Ismâ‘îl ainsi que l’aspect sacré du nây dans la confrérie Mawlawiyya. Nous mettons l’accent sur les formes instrumentales et le discours du takht et ses instruments, sans oublier le système modal propre à la musique égyptienneThis research is essentially devoted to the life and the work of the two great masters of the nây (reed flute used in the great music of the syrian-egyptian school) : Amîn al-Buzarî and al-Shaykh ‘Alî al-Darwîsh. These two characters were the disciples of Turkish masters and the innovators of an exceptional style of playing of this instrument. A large part of this research is given over to the analysis of the work of these 2 masters of the Arab nây, the analysis of their virtuoso playing technique, that of their style in interpreting the traditional repertoire after transcription of their taqsîm (improvisation) as well aw the instrumental pieces they engraved for several disc companies. One part of this research will also be devoted to the organologic study of the nây (its history, its morphology, its functioning principles and its playing technique). We dedicated a long chapter to different types of nây and to maqâm-s (modes) which can be played with those instruments. The organologic part will be preceded by a survey on the egyptian musical universe by the end of the 19th century. We will tackle the Egyptian scholar music since the start of the reign of Khedive Ismâ‘îl as well as the sacred aspect of the nây in the Mawlawiyya brotherhood. We put the stress on the instrumental forms and speeches of takht and its instruments as well as the modal system proper to the egyptian music
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Escarrat, Laurent. "Contribution au mode coronographique de la mission Darwin." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011592.
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L'objectif de la mission spatiale Darwin de l'ESA est la détection directe, dans le domaine de l'infrarouge thermique, de planètes extra-solaires de type Terre autour d'étoiles proches et de rechercher des traces de vie dans l'atmosphère éventuelle via la spectroscopie.L'un des points durs technologiques de réalisation de l'instrument est la maîtrise de l'interférométrie à frange noire, et en particulier la recombinaison de quatre ondes et l'introduction sur deux d'entre elles d'un déphasage de pi achromatique.
Ce manuscrit présente l'étude d'un système compact de recombinaison, répondant à ces deux exigences : la cascade de CIA.
Dans un premier temps, la contexte scientifique de la mission Darwin est décrit et l'état des lieux des avancées réalisées est dressé.
Dans un deuxième temps, le principe et l'étude de faisabilité de la cascade sont détaillés, comprenant l'analyse des contraintes que posent son application au mode coronographique de Darwin et l'établissement des spécifications instrumentales associées. L'apport d'un filtrage spatial des fronts d'onde est aussi étudié.
Dans un troisième temps, les technologies en développement, susceptibles d'apporter de nouvelles solutions aux obstacles technologiques rencontrés, et le projet GENIE, précurseur au sol de Darwin sont succinctement décrits.
Les spécifications instrumentales établies sont réalisables, à la vue des performances technologiques accessibles à ce jour. Au terme de l'étude, il apparaît donc que la cascade de CIA pourrait être une solution alternative au mode de recombinaison de la mission Darwin.
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Henrysson, Sten. "Darwin, ras och nomadskola : motiv till kåtaskolreformen 1913." Umeå universitet, Pedagogiska institutionen, 1993. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-33683.
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Escarrat, Laurent. "Contribution au monde coronographique de la mission Darwin." Nice, 2003. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011592.
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L’objectif de la mission spatiale Darwin de l’ESA est la détection directe, dans le domaine de l’infrarouge thermique, de planètes extrasolaires de type Terre autour d’étoiles proches et de rechercher des traces de vie dans l’atmosphère éventuelle via la spectroscopie. L’un des points durs technologiques de réalisation de l’instrument est la maîtrise de l’interférométrie à frange noire, et en particulier la recombinaison de quatre ondes et l’introduction sur deux d’entre elles d’un déphasage de π achromatique. Ce manuscrit présente l’étude d’un système compact de recombinaison, répondant à ces deux exigences : la cascade de CIA. Dans un premier temps, le contexte scientifique de la mission Darwin est décrit et l’état des lieux des avancées réalisées est dressé. Dans un deuxième temps, principe et l’étude de faisabilité de la cascade sont détaillés, comprenant l’analyse des contraintes que posent son application au mode coronographique de Darwin et l’établissement des spécifications instrumentales associées. L’apport d’un filtrage spatial des fronts d’onde est aussi étudié. Dans un troisième temps, les technologies en développement, susceptibles d’apporter de nouvelles solutions aux obstacles technologiques rencontrés, et le projet GENIE, précurseur au sol de Darwin, sont succinctement décrits. Les spécifications instrumentales établies sont réalisables, à la vue des performances technologiques accessibles à ce jour. Au terme de l’étude, il apparaît donc que la cascade de CIA pourrait être une solution alternative au mode de recombinaison de la mission DarwinThe main goal of the ESA Darwin mission is to archive, in the thermal infrared spectral domain, the direct detection of earth-like exo-planets around nearby stars and to analyse their atmosphere (if any) to search for spectral features of bio-markers, revealing the possible presence of life, as we know it. Using the technique of nulling interferometry induces two technological critical points : an optical system must combine four telescope beams and apply an achromatic π phase shift on two of them. This manuscript presents the study of dedicated optical system for beam combination, named “AIC cascade”. A first part summarizes the scientific context of the Darwin mission and the technological development currently planned. A second part describes the AIC cascade principle and its technical feasibility study. This one contains the analyse of instrumental constraints, induces by the Darwin nulling mode, and the resulting specifications assessment. A third part describes new technologies, potentially able to provide new solutions of technological hard points, and the Darwin groundbased demonstrator, called GENIE. The technical specifications are in accordance with current technological capabilities. In conclusion the AIC cascade could be an alternative solution for the Darwin nulling mode
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Erskine, Fiona. "Darwin in context : the London years, 1837-1842." Thesis, Open University, 1987. http://oro.open.ac.uk/56993/.
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This thesis explores Darwin's life in London in the context of the social relationships he formed there. Recent studies have highlighted the paradox between his speculative work, with its dangerous associations with political radicalism and infidelity, and his intense desire for social respectability, evidenced by his determination to shun controversy and by his retirement to the security of family life in the Kent countryside. How Darwin coped with the tension arising from this mismatch of intellectual radicalism and social conservatism has not been explained; it is widely assumed that it was a major factor in prompting his prolonged and frequent attacks of debilitating illness. The problem is addressed here by looking at the support Darwin drew from the friends he made in London. His experiences during the Beagle voyage had led him to focus on philosophical issues which had not previously troubled him. Having returned to England, he deliberately chose to surround himself with friends who were not afraid to adopt heterodox positions on religion and society; in their company his personal anxieties were assuaged and he could pursue new ideas with enthusiasm. These friends had specialist knowledge in subjects which had a close bearing on Darwin's theories. His relationship with them throws light on issues such as how the debate about religion influenced his evolutionary thinking, and the nature of the contribution made to it by Malthus. The esteem in which they were held, notwithstanding their intellectual radicalism, explains how Darwin was able to find in their company the self-confidence to develop his iconoclastic conclusions. His identification with them, and their contribution to the intellectual re-evaluation of the 1830s and 1840s, helps to account for the wide acceptance of Darwin's views, published twenty years later, when the social ideology being formulated in his youth had become the prevailing orthodoxy of mid-Victorian England.
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Ponomarenko, Ekaterina. "The embryonic development of Elminius modestus Darwin, 1854." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17006.
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Die vorliegende Arbeit behandelt die Embryonalentwicklung des Rankenfußkrebses Elminius modestus (Thecostraca: Cirripedia). Der Entwicklungsprozess wurde mithilfe unterschiedlicher Methoden wie 4D Mikroskopie, in vivo Einzelzellmarkierungen, Fluoreszenzhistochemie und konfokaler Laserscanningmikroskopie in Verbindung mit 3D Rekonstruktionen untersucht. Die Furchung von E. modestus ist total, inequal in Bezug auf die Dotterzelle und asynchron mit einem anterior-posterioren Gradienten. Der gesamte Prozess folgt einem strengen Teilungsmuster mit nur sehr geringer Variabilität. Eine davon stellt das Auftreten spiegelbildlicher Embryonen ab dem 4-Zell. Die Keimblattdifferenzierung wurde vor allem mittels in vivo Zellmarkierungen untersucht. Die Trennung der endodermalen und endomesodemalen Keimblätter erfolgt nach der vierten Furchungsteilung, die Trennung des Ectomesoderm nach der sechsten Teilung. Die Urkeimzellen sind aller Wahrscheinlichkeit nach ein Produkt der siebten Furchungsteilung der Dotterzellen (3Da und 3Dp). Im Zuge der Untersuchung konnte die Zelllinie jedes Keimblattes rekonstruiert werden, die Zellschicksale der Abkömmlinge der Quadranten wurde bis zum 16-Zell Stadium beschrieben. Das Ectoderm entspringt allen vier Quadranten, ebenso das Ectomesoderm (die letzten identifizierten Mesectoblasten sind 3A, 3B, 3C, 1drp und 1dlp). Endoderm und Endomesoderm entwickeln sich aus einzelnen Vorläuferzellen im 16-Zell Stadium (2D bzw. 2d). Das Auftreten nur eines einzelnen Endoblasten stellt eine mögliche Apomorphie aller Ecdysozoa dar. Das Vorhandensein eines einzelnen Mesendoblasten wird als mögliches Merkmal des Grundmusters aller Protostomia in Betracht gezogen.The present work is devoted to the embryonic development of the thoracican barnacle Elminius modestus (Thecostraca: Cirripedia). The developmental process was investigated by means of different techniques like 4D microscopy, in vivo labelling, fluorescent histochemistry, and confocal laser scanning microscopy combined with 3D reconstructions. The cleavage of E. modestus is total, unequal with regards to the yolky cell, and asynchronous with an anterior-posterior gradient. The entire process appears to follow a strict pattern of divisions with very little variability, one of which includes the occurrence of mirror image embryos from the 4-cell stage on. The germ layer differentiation was mainly studied by means of in vivo labelling. The segregation of the endodermal and the endomesodemal germ layers are shown to happen after the fourth division, whereas the ectomesoderm segregates after the sixth division. The primordial germ cells are suggested to be a product of the seventh cleavage division of the yolky cells (3Da and 3Dp). During the research the cell lineage of each germ layer was established, the fates of the quadrant descendants are described up to the 16-cell stage. The ectoderm originates from four quadrants, as does the ectomesoderm (the last identified mesectoblasts are 3A, 3B, 3C, 1drp, and 1dlp). The endoderm and the endomesoderm develop from single precursors at the 16-cell stage (2D and 2d, respectively). The presence of only a single endoblastic cell, might represent an apomorphy for the entire group of Ecdysozoa. A singular mesendoblast is suggested to be a possible feature in the developmental ground pattern of all Protostomia.
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Delmas, José Luis. "Conferencia Marketing Live 2019: De Darwin a Zuckerberg." Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/625878.
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Balarezo, López Gunther. "Los premios Darwin: La ciencia de lo absurdo." Universidad Ricardo Palma, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/625998.
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Los Premios Darwin son otorgados de forma póstuma a personas que han realizado un acto estúpido y han perdido la vida como consecuencia de dicho acto, por lo que parte del supuesto que el ser humano menos dotado genéticamente, no sobrevive. Para ello, se hizo una revisión bibliográfica en internet (google académico y descriptor DeCS), debido a que no se encontró información en otras fuentes. Este premio ha despertado la curiosidad de los investigadores para explicar las razones por las que los hombres se exponen más que las mujeres a situaciones peligrosas, llegando a postular la “teoría de la idiotez masculina”.The Darwin Awards are awarded posthumously to people who have performed a stupid act and have lost their lives as a result of that act, so part of the assumption that the human less endowed genetically, does not survive. To do this, a bibliographical review was made on the internet (Google Sscholar and descriptor DeCS), because no information was found in other sources. This award has aroused the curiosity of researchers to explain the reasons why men expose themselves more than women to dangerous situations, even postulating the “male idiocy theory”.
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Rappe, Christer. "Antaganden inom Darwins evolutionsteori analyserade utifrån den kritiska realismens ontologi." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-58618.
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Syftet med studien är att utöka kunskapen om i vilken omfattning samhällsfaktorer kan ha påverkat Charles Darwin vid utformandet av teorin om det naturliga urvalet. Studien vill på så sätt, utifrån ett sociologiskt perspektiv, bidra till kunskapen om hur den nya synen på naturens evolutionsprocesser kunde växa fram, genom abstraktioner som centrala verktyg i kunskapens produktionsprocess. Utgångspunkten för analysen är Herbert Spencers antagande att samma lagbundna utveckling som gäller för samhällen också gäller för levande organismer. Analysen av Darwins avhandling Om arternas uppkomst begränsas till två centrala kapitel. Dessa kapitel har valts då de bedömts vara centrala för en positionering av sociologin inom evolutionsbiologin. I dessa kapitel utvecklas Darwins syn på det naturliga urvalet och variationen, nämligen kapitel IV ”Det naturliga urvalet” och kapitel V ”Lagarna för variationen”. I studien undersöks vilka nödvändiga egenskaper den verklighet bör ha haft som utgjort grunden för den nya evolutionsbiologins världsbild, och vilka underliggande generativa mekanismer i samhället, som bidragit till att forma Darwins teori om det naturliga urvalet. Sammanfattningsvis måste studien anses ha funnit stöd för att anta hypotesen att ett samband kan påvisas mellan å ena sidan Darwins teori om det naturliga urvalet och å andra sidan sociala mekanismer i det dåtida samhället.
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Raddick, Gregory Michael. "Animal language in the Victorian evolutionary debates." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2000. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272306.
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Kamoun, Besma. "La poésie arabe contemporaine : métaphore et traduction : Adonis, Abdelwahab Al Bayati, Mahmoud Darwich, Badr Chaker Es-Sayyâb." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3084.
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L'objectif de ce travail de recherche est de mettre en lumière, à travers ces deux entrées que sont la métaphore et la traduction, l'universalité dont se réclame la poésie arabe contemporaine. Nous étudierons à cet effet les recueils traduits en français de Badr Chaker Es-Sayyâb, d'Abdelwahab Al Bayati, de Mahmoud Darwich et d'Adonis, poètes qui demeurent fidèles à un héritage métaphorique remontant à la poésie arabe traditionnelle mais qui s'inspirent dans le même moment de métaphores appartenant à l'imaginaire occidental pour renouveler le "vivier métaphorique" de la poésie arabe. Nous nous intéresserons également aux mécanismes grâce auxquels ces métaphores sont traduites de l'arabe au français car si le poète arabe se donne pour tâche d'atteindre l'universalité, son traducteur doit veiller à ce que transparaisse dans le texte cible ce désir d'unité et de totalisé qui anime la poésie arabe contemporaineThe objective of this research is to highlight, through the meticulous study of metaphor and translation, the universality of contemporary Arabic poetry. The study will dwell on the French translations of the poetry collections of Badr Chaker Es-Sayyâb, Abdelwahab Al Bayati, Mahmoud Darwich and Adonis, poets who remain faithful to the metaphoric heritage of traditional Arabic poetry and yet, at the same time, seek inspiration from metaphors pertaining to the western imagination as to renew the "metaphoric pond". This research will equally draw on the mechanisms through which these metaphors were translated from Arabic to French for if the Arab poet does not aim at reaching universality, his translator must ensure that the target text convey the desire for unity which animates contemporary Arabic poetry
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Amayra, Mahmoud. "Discours, intertextualite et altérité dans "Pourquoi as-tu laissé le cheval à sa solitude ?" de Mahmoud Darwich." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMR023/document.
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Cette étude porte sur l’analyse du discours identitaire du recueil Pourquoi as-tu laissé le cheval à sa solitude ? de Mahmoud Darwich à savoir la nature de la relation que le Moi (celui de Mahmoud Darwich) entretient avec le Moi de l’Autre. Autrement dit, le recueil en question ressemble à un dialogue où le même et l’autre se plongent dans un discours à titre argumentatif. La réponse à la question de la relation entre les deux parties du dialogue est abordée, premièrement, d’un point de vue thématique/théorique : la présentation de la figure emblématique du Moi darwichien perçu en tant qu’un, ayant une identité personnelle, culturelle, sociale et nationale, différente de celle dont dispose l’autre un (celui de l’Autre). Deuxièmement, d’un point de vue pratique, le type de relation entre les deux côtés a été montré à travers l’analyse du corpus du recueil se composant de six groupesThis study focuses on the analysis of identity discourse of Darwich’s collection : Why did you leave the horse alone? in order to know the nature of relationship that the me of Darwich maintains with the me of the Other. In other words, our collection looks like a “dialogue” where the me of Darwich and the me of the Other plunge into an argumentative discourse. To answer our question about the relationship between the two parts of dialogue, we have firstly chosen a theoretical approach: the presentation of the emblematic figure of Darwich perceived as one, having a personal, cultural, social and national identity, different from the identity of the other one. Secondly, through a practical point of view, the type of relationship between the two sides has been shown through the analysis of the corpus consisting of six groups
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Klose, Joachim. "Gott oder Darwin? vernünftiges Reden über Schöpfung und Evolution." Berlin Heidelberg Springer, 2008. http://d-nb.info/987108522/04.
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Vallgren, Andreas. "Statistical Characteristics of Convective Storms in Darwin, Northern Australia." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten och landskapslära, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-303874.
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This M. Sc. thesis studies the statistical characteristics of convective storms in a monsoon regime in Darwin, northern Australia. It has been conducted with the use of radar. Enhanced knowledge of tropical convection is essential in studies of the global climate, and this study aims to bring light on some special characteristics of storms in a tropical environment. The observed behaviour of convective storms can be implemented in the parameterisation of these in cloud-resolving regional and global models. The wet season was subdivided into three regimes; build-up and breaks, the monsoon and the dry monsoon. Using a cell tracking system called TITAN, these regimes were shown to support different storm characteristics in terms of their temporal, spatial and height distributions. The build-up and break storms were seen to be more vigorous and particularly modulated diurnally by sea breezes. The monsoon was dominated by frequent but less intense and vertically less extensive convective cores. The explanation for this could be found in the atmospheric environment, with monsoonal convection having oceanic origins together with a mean upward motion of air through the depth of the troposphere. The dry monsoon was characterised by suppressed convection due to the presence of dry mid-level air. The effects of wind shear on convective line orientations were examined. The results show a diurnal evolution from low-level shear parallel orientations of convective lines to low-level shear perpendicular during build-up and breaks. The monsoon was dominated by complex orientations of convective lines. The thesis includes a study of merged and splitted cells, which have been separated from other storms, and mergers were shown to support more vigorous convection in terms of height distribution and reflectivity profiles. They were also seen to be the most long-lived category of storms as well as the most common type. Split storms were generally weaker, indicative of their general tendency to decay shortly after the split occurred.En statistisk studie av konvektiva celler i en miljö som präglas av monsunförhållanden har utförts i Darwin, norra Australien, med hjälp av radar. En ökad förståelse for tropisk konvektion är nödvändig for att kunna studera klimatet globalt. Denna studie har bidragit till denna kunskapsbas genom att studera några viktiga parametrar hos konvektiva celler i en tropisk miljö. De observerade egenskaperna hos dessa celler kan implementeras i parametriseringen av högupplösta regionala och globala modeller. Regnperioden delades upp i tre olika regimer; uppbyggnad och avbrott, monsun och torr monsun. Genom att använda ett cellsökande system kallat TITAN, visade sig dessa regimer uppvisa olika karakteristika vad gäller tids- och rumsmässig samt vertikal distribution av konvektionsceller. Uppbyggnad- och avbrottsregimen dominerades av mäktiga och intensiva konvektionsceller, och modulerades av sjöbrisar på en daglig basis. Monsunen dominerades av talrika men mindre intensiva celler. Anledningen till detta kan finnas i atmosfäriska förhållanden, dar monsunen dominerades av konvektionsceller med oceanisk härkomst och allmän hävning genom större delen av troposfären. Den torra monsunen präglades av försvagad konvektion på grund av närvaron av mycket torr luft på medelhöga nivåer. Effekten av vindskjuvning på orienteringen av bylinjer undersöktes. Resultaten visar att en daglig övergång från en orientering som var parallell med vindskjuvningsvektorn till en vinkelrät orientering dominerade under uppbyggnad och avbrott. Monsunen präglades av komplexa orienteringar av bylinjer. Sammanväxande och splittrande celler separerades fran andra celler och undersöktes speciellt. De sammanväxande cellerna uppvisade mer intensiv konvektion och större vertikal maktighet. Denna kategori av celler, som var den vanligaste typen av ickeisolerade celler, levde också längre än andra celltyper. Splittrande celler var generellt svagare än andra celler, vilket indikerade den generella tendensen för denna celltyp att brytas ner strax efter det att en splittring ägt rum.
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Dias, Vivian Catarina. "A sinfonia da natureza: Charles Darwin e as origens." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2015. http://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/2542.
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Since childhood Charles Darwin showed an interest for the natural world. In his youth he developed that passion into an object of study travelling around the world onboard of The Beagle. The contact with unique species like the ones found in Galapagos Islands, the fossils discovered in South America, the experiences he lived and a extensive reseach during more than twenty years after his return to England made him think about a common link between the species, that lead him to publish The origin of species in 1859 and The expression of emotions in man and animals in 1872, along with other works and articles on the most diverse subjects, such as Diary of a naturalist around the world. In The origin of species he stated that the species are mutable and linked by the proccess of communion of ascendancy , fruits from the same tree of life. Forging the recreation of human history and its relocation in the natural world, the essays in The expression of emotions in man and animals widened the statement about the evolution of species pointing that humans share emotions and feelings with other species of animals. The implosion of the concept of human initiated with the darwinian facts opened new horizons for sciences such as anthropology to rethink the trajectory of the living beings and the borderlines between culture and animality. Notwithstanding, go beyond frontiers and enrich the critic, scientific, ethic and poetic repertoire is a really dificult task. Despite the relevance of the Darwinian Works, the contact with them is through indirect ways: cartoons, films and fiction, whose contents rarely approach the issue in all its depth
Desde a infância, Charles Darwin demonstrou interesse pelo mundo natural. Na juventude, transformou essa paixão em objeto de estudo viajando ao redor do mundo no navio Beagle. O contato com espécies únicas como as encontradas nas Ilhas Galápagos; os fósseis achados na América do Sul; as experiências adquiridas, e uma extensa pesquisa realizada por mais de vinte anos após o retorno à Inglaterra, levaram-no a pensar na filiação comum das espécies, desdobrando no lançamento de A origem das espécies (1859) e A expressão das emoções no homem e nos animais (1872), além de outras obras e artigos sobre os mais variados assuntos, como o Diário de um naturalista à volta do mundo. Em A origem das espécies, enunciou que as espécies são mutáveis e vinculadas pelo processo da comunhão de descendência , frutos da mesma árvore da vida. Forjando a recriação da história humana e sua realocação no mundo natural, os estudos de A expressão das emoções no homem e nos animais ampliaram o enunciado sobre a evolução das espécies, indicando que humanos compartilham emoções e sentimentos com outras espécies animais. A implosão do conceito de humano iniciada com os fatos darwinianos abriu outros horizontes para as ciências, incluindo a antropologia, repensarem a trajetória dos seres vivos e as fronteiras entre cultura e animalidade. Contudo, transpor limiares e enriquecer o repertório crítico, científico, ético, poético, mostra-se tarefa deveras espinhosa. Apesar da relevância das obras darwinianas, o contato com elas dá-se por vias indiretas: charges, filmes, ficção, cujos conteúdos, raramente, as abordam em todo seu alcance
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Lamborn, Erin Alice. "From Darwin to Dracula: A study of literary evolution." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2836.
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Argues that, without the publication of Charles Darwin's "Origin of Species," Bram Stoker's novel "Dracula" and Oscar Wilde's novel "The Picture of Dorian Gray" would not have been written with their distinct style and themes, as evolution clashes with degeneration and female power (and the sexuality derived from that power) clashes with the new science. Stoker and Wilde combine the science of the late 19th century with the characters of their imaginations. Natural and sexual selection plays a part in these characters' core development. The mixture of sexuality, science and power in these two novels all combine to formulate what is known as Victorian sexology.
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Sonnendrücker, Eric. "Analyse mathematique et numerique des equations de vlasov-darwin." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995DENS0014.
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La premiere partie de ce travail est consacree a une analyse asymptotique des equations de maxwell, d'ou l'on tire le modele de darwin comme approximation d'ordre 2 par rapport au petit parametre v/c. Nous presentons ensuite un code numerique de resolution des equations de vlasov-darwin par une methode couplee, particulaire pour les equations de vlasov et elements finis pour les equations de darwin. La derniere partie est consacree a l'analyse de la stabilite asymptotique de ce couplage