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Journal articles on the topic 'Data protection – European Union countries'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Prasanth.R and Prasanna.S. "Healthcare 4.0 and Data Protection Laws: A Review." Research and Reviews: Advancement in Cyber Security 2, no. 3 (2025): 6–18. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15429061.

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IoT enabled health monitoring applications are increasing day by day. Same is the case of healthcare data captured by these devices and the protection laws of various countries. This study is an analysis of data protection laws of different countries. To analyze laws of various countries used to protect healthcare data. Here in this article we are putting forward the inspection of 6 healthcare protection laws of various countries currently in use. General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) of the European Union is a popular one and is used as a benchmark for various data protection laws. The da

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Economou, Athina, and Iacovos N. Psarianos. "Revisiting Okun’s Law in European Union countries." Journal of Economic Studies 43, no. 2 (2016): 275–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jes-05-2013-0063.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine Okun’s Law in European countries by distinguishing between the transitory and the permanent effects of output changes upon unemployment and by examining the effect of labor market protection policies upon Okun’s coefficients. Design/methodology/approach – Quarterly data for 13 European Union countries, from the second quarter of 1993 until the first quarter of 2014, are used. Panel data techniques and Mundlak decomposition models are estimated. Findings – Okun’s Law is robust to alternative specifications. The effect of output changes to unempl

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Veronese, Alexandre, Alessandra Silveira, Rebecca Lemos Igreja, Amanda Nunes Lopes Espiñeira Lemos, and Thiago Guimarães Moraes. "The concept of personal data protection culture from European Union documents: a “Brussels effect” in Latin America?" UNIO – EU Law Journal 9, no. 1 (2023): 58–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21814/unio.9.1.5299.

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This article aims to analyse, based on documentary sources and data collected through extensive field research, the potential cultural influence of EU (European Union) standards for protecting personal data in Latin American countries, which have data protection authorities and specific laws on the subject. The text has two sections, with an introduction and a conclusion. The introduction presents the subject, indicating the sources that lead up to the text analysis and conclusions. In the first section, the article deals with the EU’s data protection model from its fundamentalist legal perspe

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Mutiara, Upik, and Romi Maulana. "PERLINDUNGAN DATA PRIBADI SEBAGAI BAGIAN DARI HAK ASASI MANUSIA ATAS PERLINDUNGAN DIRI PRIBADI." Indonesian Journal of Law and Policy Studies 1, no. 1 (2020): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.31000/ijlp.v1i1.2648.

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Protection of personal data as closely related to the protection of personal and private rights. Indonesia does not yet have legislation that specifically regulates the protection of personal data. then the problem that the author raises is: the comparison of the right to personal protection as part of human rights in Indonesia with the constitution in other countries and the concept of comparing the protection of personal data as a manifestation of the human rights of personal protection in Indonesia and other countries. related to the protection of personal rights in Indonesia is a state con

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Alhababi, Hamad Hamed. "Cross-Border Data Transfer between the gcc Data Protection Laws and the gdpr." Global Journal of Comparative Law 13, no. 2 (2024): 178–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2211906x-13020003.

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Abstract This article explores the procedures related to data protection laws in the Gulf Cooperation Council States (gcc) and the European Union (EU) regarding the General Data Protection Regulation (gdpr). It draws conclusions about the rules governing the transfer of personal information outside of a country. Transfers of personal data to foreign countries or international organizations are discussed, specifically, transfers based on an ‘adequacy’ judgment, or transfers subject to suitable protections. The article also highlights the primary modifications made to safeguard the outbound tran

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Furramani, Emanuela. "Transfer of Personal Data to Third Countries and the “Equivalent Level” of Protection According to the European Court of Justice." European Journal of Formal Sciences and Engineering 6, no. 1 (2023): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ejfe-2023-0001.

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Abstract The focus of this study is the transfer of personal data to third countries or international organizations according to EU Regulation No. 679/2016 (GDPR) on the protection of personal data. The primary goal of this Regulation concerning data transfer to third countries is to ensure that the subject’s rights and freedoms are safeguarded at the same level as provided by GDPR. According to GDPR, before any transfer to a third country or international organization, it must first be ascertained whether the European Commission has established that a third country ensures an adequate level o

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Pereverzieva, O. S. "PROTECTION OF PERSONAL DATA ON THE INTERNET IN THE COUNTRIES EUROPEAN UNION." Juridical scientific and electronic journal, no. 5 (2023): 529–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32782/2524-0374/2023-5/133.

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Kuner, Christopher. "The European Union and the Search for an International Data Protection Framework." Groningen Journal of International Law 2, no. 2 (2014): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21827/5a86a82b67dab.

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The European Union (EU) has supported the growing calls for the creation of an international legal framework to safeguard data protection rights. At the same time, it has worked to spread its data protection law to other regions, and recent judgments of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) have reaffirmed the autonomous nature of EU law and the primacy of EU fundamental rights law. The tension between initiatives to create a global data protection framework and the assertion of EU data protection law raises questions about how the EU can best promote data protection on a global le

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Varsha, Gehlot. "COMPARISON OF DATA PROTECTION LAWS IN INDIA WITH RESPECT TO GDPR." Indian Journal of Law and Society I, no. 8 (2024): 160–77. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10644661.

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<strong>ABSTRACT</strong> <em>This academic legal analysis compares the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) of the European Union with India's Digital Personal Data Protection Act (DPDPA) to determine whether the two pieces of legislation are compatible with one another. As we live in an increasingly digital world where information is freely shared across borders, data protection has become a pressing legal and societal concern. In 2018, the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) became law, setting a global standard for stricter data protection procedures with an emphasis on protecti

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Legido-Quigley, Cristina, Albrechtsen Nicolai Wewer, Martin Bæk Blond, et al. "Data sharing restrictions are hampering precision health in the European Union." Nature Medicine 31 (January 17, 2025): 360–61. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-03437-1.

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Contemporary healthcare is undergoing a transition, shifting from a population-based approach to personalized medicine on an individual level. In October 2023, a European Partnership for Personalized Medicine was officially launched to communicate its benefits to citizens and healthcare systems in member countries. The main debate revolves around the inconsistency in regulatory changes within personal data access and its potential commercialization. Moreover, the lack of unified consensus within EU countries is leading to problems with data sharing to progress personalized medicine. This

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Dir, I. Yu. "Special institutions of the European Union." Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, no. 3 (July 22, 2024): 584–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2024.03.99.

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The article summarizes the activities of specialized institutions of the European Union. It was found that according to the founding treaties of the EU, there are seven main institutions: the European Parliament, the European Council, the Council of the European Union, the European Commission, the Court of Justice of the European Union, the European Central Bank and the European Court of Auditors, which have both executive and legislative powers. However, in addition to the main institutions, a number of auxiliary institutions operate on the territory of the European Union, among which the Eur

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Huang, Xiaoqing. "Ensuring Taxpayer Rights in the Era of Automatic Exchange of Information: EU Data Protection Rules and Cases." Intertax 46, Issue 3 (2018): 225–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/taxi2018024.

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With the automatic exchange of information on tax matters (AEOI) developing into the new international standard, large quantities of information have been or will be subject to cross-border transfer. As a result, data play a significant role in the mechanism. Although the European Union is equipped with various legal sources in data protection, guarantees provided to taxpayers in AEOI legal instruments need to be further developed in order to be consistent with those provided by data protection rules in the European Union. This article analyses taxpayers’ right to data protection by studying t

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ORTEGA GIMÉNEZ, ALFONSO. "THE IMPACT OF THE GENERAL DATA PROTECTION REGULATION OF THE EUROPEAN UNION ON THE LEGAL REGIME OF INTERNATIONAL TRANSFERS OF PERSONAL DATA." Spanish Journal of Legislative Studies, no. 3 (December 1, 2019): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21134/sjls.vi3.1432.

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International data transfers involve a flow of personal data from Spanish territory to recipients established in countries outside the European Economic Area. It is the European Commission that decides, with effects for the whole Union, that a third country, a territory or a specific sector of a third country, or an international organisation offers an adequate level of data protection, thus providing legal certainty and uniformity throughout the Union with regard to the third country or international organisation.

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Barrell, Alan, Pawel Dobrzanski, Sebastian Bobowski, Krzysztof Siuda, and Szymon Chmielowiec. "Efficiency of Environmental Protection Expenditures in EU Countries." Energies 14, no. 24 (2021): 8443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14248443.

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Environmental protection policy is a widely discussed issue in scientific works. However, special attention should be also paid to the effectiveness of expenditures on environmental protection, and this is the main goal of this paper. The countries of the European Union were selected for this analysis due to the fact that, in recent years, this region has become an informal world leader with respect to the implementation of policy measures in the field of environmental protection. For that reason, the data envelopment analysis methodology was used, which allows the calculation of input-output

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van Kessel, Robin, Madeleine Haig, and Elias Mossialos. "Strengthening Cybersecurity for Patient Data Protection in Europe." Journal of Medical Internet Research 25 (August 24, 2023): e48824. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/48824.

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The health care sector experiences 76% of cybersecurity breaches due to basic web application attacks, miscellaneous errors, and system intrusions, resulting in compromised health data or disrupted health services. The European Commission proposed the European Health Data Space (EHDS) in 2022 to enhance care delivery and improve patients’ lives by offering all European Union (EU) citizens control over their personal health data in a private and secure environment. The EU has taken an important step in homogenizing the health data environment of the European health ecosystem, although more atte

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Batara Randa, Indira Despuanitara, and Imam Haryanto. "PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM ATAS DATA WAJIB PAJAK DALAM SISTEM AUTOMATIC EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION (AEoI) STUDI PERBANDINGAN INDONESIA UNI EROPA." Legal Standing : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 5, no. 1 (2021): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24269/ls.v5i1.3563.

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The system of exchanging information on taxpayer data between countries called as AEoI is follow up action on tax amesty which provides many benefits for the country but has risks for taxpayers data. Law 9/2017 concerning the AEoI merely governs technical issues and does not regulate regarding taxpayer data protection even if taxpayer data protection is guaranteed in article 28G paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution. Personal data in Indonesia is currently not regulated in a specific law. The need for personal data protection arrangements is an urgent matter because personal data stores human

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Lowe, David. "The European Union’s Passenger Name Record Data Directive 2016/681: Is it Fit for Purpose?" International Criminal Law Review 17, no. 1 (2017): 78–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718123-01701004.

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In 2016 the European Union (eu) introduced a Passenger Name Record Data (pnr) Directive. There has been controversy in the eu over the acquisition and sharing of pnr data, related mainly to the lack of safeguards and protection of personal data protection. This article examines these issues related to earlier eu pnr agreements with third countries and why previous eu attempts to legislate in this area failed. By drawing a comparison with the 2011 pnr Directive proposal, the article argues that by meeting the strict eu law on data protection as well as being necessary to assist in preventing an

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Kuzmin, Sergey B. "Risk of Environmental Management in Countries of European Union." Issues of Risk Analysis 18, no. 3 (2021): 46–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.32686/1812-5220-2021-18-3-46-63.

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An assessment of the risk of environmental management for the countries of the European Union was carried out on the basis of two main criteria — natural hazard and protection from natural disasters. Natural hazard consists of natural processes of various origins — lithospheric, hydrospheric, atmospheric and biospheric, which are considered dangerous within the entire state according to official data, as well as protection from natural disasters and disasters at the state level. The last criterion is calculated on the basis of a number of socio-economic and environmental indicators for the EU

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Bazina, Olga O. "Human rights and biometric data. Social credit system." Przegląd Europejski, no. 4-2020 (December 14, 2020): 36–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.31338/1641-2478pe.4.20.3.

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Biometrics, as a field of science, analyzes the physical and behavioral characteristics of people in order to identify their personality. A huge amount of technology in the field of biometric data collection is developed by IT giants like Google, Facebook, or Alibaba. The European Union (EU) took an important step towards biometric data confidentiality by developing a unified law on the protection of personal data (General Data Protection Regulation, GDPR). The main goal of this action is to return control over personal data to European citizens and at the same time simplify the regulatory leg

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20

Amirov, Almas, Dariga Kainazarova, Ernar Begaliyev, Azamat Sarsenbaev, and Nurlybek Sarybayev. "Legal ways and methods of personal data protection in Kazakhstan." Scientific Herald of Uzhhorod University Series Physics 2024, no. 55 (2024): 2174–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.54919/physics/55.2024.217wl4.

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Relevance. The relevance of the study lies in the need to develop theoretical ideas about this issue and identify promising areas for implementation in the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan, which today is not perfect in the context of legal regulation of personal data protection.Purpose. The purpose of the study was to study the features of personal data protection in the Republic of Kazakhstan and other countries (European Union countries, the United States of America, and Brazil).Methodology. The methodological basis of the article was the methods of statistical analysis, analogy an

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Jastisia, Mentari. "PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM HAK ASASI MANUSIA INTERNASIONAL TERHADAP IMIGRAN SURIAH." Yustitia 7, no. 2 (2021): 148–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31943/yustitia.v7i2.142.

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Immigrants are people who have fled from their country to other countries where they can be referred to as refugees or asylum seekers. There are legal instruments that regulate and provide protection for them. Arrangements for asylum seekers are contained in the 1967 Declaration of Territorial Asylum, State practice, humanitarian issues, Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). Meanwhile, the arrangements for refugees are contained in the Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees 1951, Protocol relating to the status of Refugees 1967, International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR)

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Maria Riccio, Giovanni. "Data protection and appropriate measures: too many uncertainties in the judicial applications?" UNIO – EU Law Journal 10, no. 1 (2024): 16–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21814/unio.10.1.5782.

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The present paper analyses, from a comparative perspective, the accountability rules outlined in the GDPR and their practical application by the courts of Member States. The first part of the article highlights the influence of the GDPR on Third Countries, with specific attention to Chinese legislation regarding data protection. The second part is mainly focused on the obligations relating to accountability and the notion of appropriateness of measures to be adopted by Data Controllers, as well as its connection with liability rules stated in Article 82 of the GDPR. The analysis considers the

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Stoddart, Jennifer, Benny Chan, and Yann Joly. "The European Union's Adequacy Approach to Privacy and International Data Sharing in Health Research." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 44, no. 1 (2016): 143–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073110516644205.

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The European Union (EU) approach to data protection consists of assessing the adequacy of the data protection offered by the laws of a particular jurisdiction against a set of principles that includes purpose limitation, transparency, quality, proportionality, security, access, and rectification. The EU's Data Protection Directive sets conditions on the transfer of data to third countries by prohibiting Member States from transferring to such countries as have been deemed inadequate in terms of the data protection regimes. In theory, each jurisdiction is evaluated similarly and must be found f

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Mickevičiūtė, Gabrielė Velta, and Vytautas Pasvenskas. "Children right to data protection: challenges in digital world." Vilnius University Open Series, no. 4 (November 16, 2020): 46–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/os.tmp.2020.3.

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This article analyses child data protection on the Internet and in the context of modern technology. Article discusses Problems of legal regulation in Lithuania and other European Union countries. The protection of children’s data faces the following challenges: 1) how and what form the consent, which is obligatory under the GDPR, of the child to the processing of his or her data should be provided; 2) the issue of parents’ virtual consent to process their child’s data; 3) processing of the child’s data on the Internet; 4) problematic aspects of facial recognition technologies, examples.

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Yakymenko, Bohdan. "Formation of the institute of personal data protection and experience of its implementation in the countries of the EU." Naukovij vìsnik Nacìonalʹnoï akademìï vnutrìšnìh sprav 28, no. 4 (2023): 68–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.56215/naia-herald/4.2023.68.

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The development of digital technologies in the modern world led to an increase in interference in the private life of a person and the number of human rights violations related to private life. Ukrainian legislation on personal data protection does not meet the latest trends and standards of the European Union (EU) in this area and needs to be updated. The article is intended to analyse the development of the institute of personal data protection in the world to identify ways to adapt the national legislation of Ukraine to the current personal data protection standards of the EU. To carry out

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Forst, Katarzyna. "Google a prawo do bycia zapomnianym w Internecie." Przegląd Prawa Konstytucyjnego 70, no. 6 (2022): 315–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/ppk.2022.06.23.

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Development of new technologies and the emergence of the internet have made it necessary to discuss how to protect personal data online. In the European Union system, the right to personal data protection is regulated both in primary and secondary legislation. In 2016, the data protection regulation (RODO), which came into force in 2018 and it has become part of the national legal order in all European Union countries. The purpose of adopting this document was to strengthen and harmonise the protection of fundamental freedoms and right of individuals. The subject of particular interest became

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Morschbach, Francesca. "Third Country PNR Mechanisms After the CJEU’s Schrems II Judgment." Air and Space Law 48, Issue 1 (2023): 91–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/aila2023012.

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The article illustrates how the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU)’s Schrems II judgment solidified the European court’s approach to European Union (EU) data protection and the issues of data collection and transfer outside EU borders. The judgment rebalances how to arrange the issues containing the collection of private information and the risk to the public without surveillance. Thus, invalidating previously used EU-Third Country data sharing frameworks. Included in this are the Passenger Name Records (PNR), which are used in day-to-day mechanisms of the air industry when sharing

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Gajos, Edyta. "Implementation of Selected Sustainable Development Objectives in European Union Countries." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego 17(32), no. 4 (2017): 68–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/prs.2017.17.4.82.

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The aim of the paper is to assess the implementation of selected sustainable development objectives in European Union countries with particular focus on Poland. Several different indicators were taken into account: greenhouse gas emission, share of renewable energy, GDP energy intensity and protection of environment and biodiversity, which cover goals set in The Europe 2020 Strategy, among others: reduction of carbon dioxide emission, increase share of renewable energy usage, increase the effectiveness of energy usage, preservation of biodiversity. It was found, that European Union countries g

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Kersan Skabic, Ines. "Trade in Services in the European Union." European Integration Studies 1, no. 14 (2020): 156–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eis.1.14.25587.

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Services dominate in creation of value added in national economies, especially in developed countries and they have growing trend in developing (emerging) economies. They cover four modes of trade (according to GATS), that makes their calculation complex and a part of services is hidden in the value of production/trade of manufactured goods. Their importance in foreign trade, despite the increasing trend, is still three times smaller that the value of trade in goods, but also it is under-valuated. This paper explains specific characteristics of services foreign trade, provides analysis of stru

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Panek, Wojciech. "The transfer of personal data from the European Union to the People’s Republic of China – the influence on consumer rights of the lack of transparency in data transfers." internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny 14, no. 1 (2025): 81–95. https://doi.org/10.7172/2299-5749.ikar.1.14.5.

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This paper addresses the issue of personal data transfers from a territory within the European Union to the People’s Republic of China (hereinafter: China). The underling research was designed to assess the privacy policy provisions on data transfer to third countries, particularly China. The analysis covered the privacy policies of selected Chinese entrepreneurs operating in the territory of the European Union, namely Xiaomi, Aliexpress and WeChat. These entities belong to the most popular Chinese businesses present in the European market. The analysis corroborated that ‘contractual clauses’

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Veronese, Alexandre, Alessandra Silveira, Rebecca Lemos Igreja, Amanda Nunes Lopes Espiñeira Lemos, and Thiago Guimarães Moraes. "The influence of European Union personal data protection standards in Latin America from the perspective of social actors and Latin American authorities." UNIO – EU Law Journal 9, no. 2 (2023): 118–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21814/unio.9.2.5531.

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This article seeks to delve into the perspectives of social actors across several Latin American nations regarding the impact of the European Union’s (EU) personal data protection standards on their respective legal and administrative systems. The analysis is structured into three distinct sections, each contributing to a comprehensive understanding of this influence, culminating in a concise conclusion. The initial segment scrutinises excerpts from field interviews, shedding light on the influence of the EU and its legal provisions in shaping the national legal frameworks of researched countr

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Maduekwe, Nkiruka Chidia. "Protecting the patient’s data in the 21st century healthcare industry: Is the African continent ready for the digital space?" Journal of Sustainable Development Law and Policy (The) 15, no. 1 (2024): 206–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jsdlp.v15i1.7.

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To ensure proper healthcare services and automation, including minimising medical errors and providing faster and more efficient healthcare, the medical field is experiencing innovative technological trends. They include automated patient records, hospital management system software, telemedicine, and the use of artificial intelligence devices. These innovations exist in more than just the global north, as they are slowly finding residence in African countries. Focusing on automated patient record, the article examines existing data protection legal frameworks in Africa to ascertain whether th

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O. B. Dubovitskaya. "LEGISLATION ON PERSONAL DATA PROTECTION: ANALYSIS OF LEGAL PRACTICES OF THE USA, EUROPEAN UNION, RUSSIA AND KAZAKHSTAN." Bulletin of Toraigyrov University. Law series, no. 2.2024 (June 28, 2024): 32–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.48081/jwch1987.

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This study was funded by the Committee for Science of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan (grant No. AP19680399) The right to personal data at the present stage of society development is of paramount importance. This article reflects some results of the conducted comparative legal analysis on the issues of legal regulation and protection of personal data in different legal practices: the United States, the European Union, Russia and Kazakhstan. It considers the main approaches to personal data protection and their reflection in the national legislation of

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Ramadhan, Kiki Rezki, and Chandra Wijaya. "The Challenges of Personal Data Protection Policy in Indonesia: Lesson learned from the European Union, Singapore, and Malaysia." Technium Social Sciences Journal 36 (October 8, 2022): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v36i1.7442.

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Cases of leakage of personal data are a serious problem for countries that should be guaranteed safety as the identity and rights of individual citizens. In Indonesia, there are still many problems related to the security of cyberspace, one of which is becoming a trend of public issues, namely leakage of personal data. The rapid development of information and communication technology has provided changes to the character of community activities that are currently dominated by the use of the internet as a characteristic of modern society so the presence of the state to provide protection is imp

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Kebus, Andrii. "CRIMINAL LAW PROTECTION OF PERSONAL DATA IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LEGISLATION OF UKRAINE AND THE COUNTRIES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION." Modern scientific journal 2, no. 2 (2023): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.36994/2786-9008-2023-2-7.

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The article analyzes a number of international normative legal acts and normative legal acts of the legislation of Ukraine in the field of personal data protection, their main content is analyzed. It was determined that the protection of personal data is inextricably linked to the protection of human and citizen rights and freedoms. In various international documents, the concept of «personal data» is defined almost identically, that is, information about an identified natural person or a person who can be identified. For many years, regulatory and legal work has been carried out aimed at crea

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MALIMON, Vitalii, and Taras POMFIUK. "PECULIARITIES OF LEGAL SUPPORT FOR THE FUNCTIONING OF THE CIVIL PROTECTION SYSTEM IN THE EU COUNTRIES." Coordinates of Public Administration, no. 1 (March 7, 2024): 165–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.62664/cpa.2023.01.08.

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The article analyses the peculiarities of legal support of the European system of civil protection of population and territories. The author emphasizes that over the years, the EU has developed the main instruments through which all of its civilian security policy objectives are achieved. It is proved that building a modern and powerful civil defence system of the population and territories of Ukraine requires even more close cooperation with the relevant European structures, including within the framework of the European Union Civil Protection Mechanism (EU Civil Protection). The

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Przygodzka, Renata. "The specificity of state aid in Poland in comparison with European Union countries." Optimum. Economic Studies, no. 4(102) (2020): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/oes.2020.04.102.07.

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Purpose – The aim of the paper is to identify the directions and instruments of state aid (with the exception of agriculture and the transport sector) used in Poland and to identify their specificities in relation to other countries of the European Union. Research method – The achievement of the above purpose required the use of research methods such as the analysis of legal acts, the collection and analysis of secondary data and the processing of the collected factual material using descriptive statistical methods. The data source was The State Aid Scoreboard, together with a variety of repor

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Gawrońska, Dorota. "Analysis of the level of renewable freshwater resources in European Union countries." Scientific Papers of Silesian University of Technology. Organization and Management Series 2024, no. 210 (2024): 171–80. https://doi.org/10.29119/1641-3466.2024.210.11.

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Purpose: This article aims to draw attention to the problem faced by European Union countries regarding the availability of freshwater and renewable sources and analyze the situation of individual countries regarding water resources. Design/methodology/approach: The article presents tables and charts based on statistical data from Eurostat, based on which the situation of EU countries in the field of renewable freshwater resources was analyzed, thanks to which it is possible to indicate the countries with the greatest problems with their availability, determine their direction of changes and m

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Lu, Ching-Cheng, and Liang-Chun Lu. "Evaluating the energy efficiency of European Union countries: The dynamic data envelopment analysis." Energy & Environment 30, no. 1 (2018): 27–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958305x18787257.

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This study uses the dynamic data envelopment analysis model to evaluate the intertemporal efficiency and the executive efficiency based on fossil fuel CO2 emissions in European Union countries. European Union countries in pursuit of economic growth, taking into account the growth of gross domestic product may result in increased CO2 emissions, countries in order to reduce CO2 emissions to meet the target of the UN climate change conference in Paris 2015, in pursuit of gross domestic product growth and CO2 emission reduction targets. Whether the reduction of CO2 emissions will affect the overal

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Bratasyuk, Oksana. "Legal basis of personal data protection in Ukraine and Germany: organizational and managerial aspect." Visegrad Journal on Human Rights, no. 1 (December 29, 2023): 42–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.61345/1339-7915.2023.1.5.

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The author emphasizes that the European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is effective. It applies directly to all member states of the European Union. However, there are exceptions where member states can also adopt their own rules for certain areas. German lawmakers have used these introductory provisions in the Federal Data Protection Act (BDSG) and adapted national data protection laws in accordance with the GDPR so that they can continue to exist. The system of federal data protection authorities in Germany is more complex than in other EU countries. In practice, this someti

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Apostu, Simona Andreea, Mirela Panait, Daniel Balsalobre-Lorente, Diogo Ferraz, and Irina Gabriela Rădulescu. "Energy Transition in Non-Euro Countries from Central and Eastern Europe: Evidence from Panel Vector Error Correction Model." Energies 15, no. 23 (2022): 9118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15239118.

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The countries of Central and Eastern Europe, from the non-euro area, have completed the process of economic transition before joining the European Union. Achieving a certain level of economic development and membership in the European Union have generated their involvement in a new transition process, namely the energy transition. Concerns about promoting the low carbon economy have become increasingly complex for those countries that are interested in the environmental impact of economic activity. This study aims to analyze the process of energy transition in the countries of Central and East

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Jaroń, Agata, and Anna Borucka. "Analysis of Energy System Transformations in the European Union." Energies 17, no. 23 (2024): 6181. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17236181.

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Achieving climate neutrality has become an environmental goal for all European Union (EU) Member States. Thanks to numerous projects and subsidies, EU countries are able to achieve the goal of decarbonizing energy sources. The aim of the presented study is to assess the validity of Member States’ actions to reduce CO2 emissions based on data provided by Eurostat. The presented study combines, using regression, data on financial outlays dictated by environmental protection, the share of renewable energy, and total CO2 emissions in individual Member States. This study has shown that, despite dif

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Satwiko, Brahmantyo Suryo. "Privacy and Data Protection: Indonesian Legal Framework." Corporate and Trade Law Review 1, no. 2 (2021): 98–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.21632/ctlr.1.2.98-118.

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Due to technological advancement, the utilization of internet and mobile connections in Indonesia to perceive rapid growth in recent years. A major development in particular lies within the field of e-commerce, marketplace, and digital portal applications. Extensive advancement within the abovementioned fields led to the involvement of the Indonesian government and private companies in which collecting and processing Indonesian citizens’ personal data took place. Multitude issues relating to data protection regimes arose due to such acts as Indonesian data protection legislations are considere

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Beltrame de Moura, Aline, and Naiara Posenato. "Editorial." Latin American Journal of European Studies 3, no. 2 (2023): 6–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.51799/2763-8685v3n2000.

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The Latin American Journal of European Studies (ISSN 2763-8685) is a publication of the Latin American Center of European Studies, created from the BRIDGE Project of Jean Monnet Network with funding from the Erasmus + Program of the European Commission. With a focus on the editorial lines on European Union Law and Policies and International Relations of the European Union with third countries and Latin America, the sixth edition of the Journal also has a thematic dossier on “Regional Data Protection Policy and Artificial Intelligence”, organized by Naiara Posenato of the Università degli Studi

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Marovic, Branko, and Vasa Curcin. "Impact of the European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) on Health Data Management in a European Union Candidate Country: A Case Study of Serbia." JMIR Medical Informatics 8, no. 4 (2020): e14604. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/14604.

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As of May 2018, all relevant institutions within member countries of the European Economic Area are required to comply with the European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) or face significant fines. This regulation has also had a notable effect on the European Union (EU) candidate countries, which are undergoing the process of harmonizing their legislature with the EU as part of the accession process. The Republic of Serbia is an example of such a candidate country, and its 2018 Personal Data Protection Act mirrors the majority of provisions in the GDPR. This paper presents the impact o

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Левашов and S. Levashov. "Safety Monitoring Systems of Labor and Health Protection in Russia and European Union Countries." Safety in Technosphere 2, no. 1 (2013): 44–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/212.

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Research results of Safety monitoring systems of labor and health protection in RF and EU countries are presented. Classification of systems by monitoring spheres and objects, as well as results of correlation analysis during which characteristics, merits and defects of the systems operating in EU are adduced. Recommendations on labor safety monitoring organization in RF are developed on the basis of obtained data.

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Hong, Nguyen Thi Anh, and Tran Thanh Thao. "Enhancing Vietnamese criminal law on personal data protection in cyberspace to foster cooperation with the European Union." TalTech Journal of European Studies 15, no. 2 (2025): 140–56. https://doi.org/10.2478/bjes-2025-0025.

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Abstract Protecting personal data in cyberspace is an issue of significant concern to many countries around the world, including Vietnam. The invasion of personal data in cyberspace is currently common in Vietnam; however, these dangerous acts have not been dealt with effectively because of gaps in Vietnamese law regarding personal data in general and Vietnamese criminal law concerning these crimes in particular. By applying analytical-logical and comparative methods, this article aims to refine the provisions of Vietnamese criminal law on personal data protection in cyberspace. Starting by an

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Vasilescu, Maria Denisa, Larisa Stănilă, Silvana Crivoi, and Maria Berta Belu. "Investigating employment patterns and determinants in the European Union through panel data insights." Management & Marketing 20, no. 1 (2025): 1–14. https://doi.org/10.2478/mmcks-2025-0005.

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Abstract Employment is an important element of inclusive and sustainable economic growth because it has powerful effects on society. At the individual level, employment is a prerequisite for economic independence, social development, and professional satisfaction. At the macroeconomic level, employment enhances consumption, which leads to businesses’ progress, being considered the most meaningful factor for combating poverty and social exclusion. Although the goal is the same, countries can face different barriers and require different policies. This article investigates recent trends, pattern

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Daudrikh, Yana. "IV. AML Directive: Problems related to exchange of information between Financial Intelligence Units." Institutiones Administrationis 2, no. 2 (2022): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.54201/iajas.v2i2.49.

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The presented paper is devoted to application problems in the field of ensuring international cooperation between Financial Intelligence Units. In accordance with the set goal, the author further analyses the existing application problems related to the exchange of information between the Financial Intelligence Units of the European Union. A special part of the paper focuses on the issue of the absence of uniform regulation at the level of the European Union in the area of information exchange between the European Union Financial Intelligence Units and the Financial Intelligence Units of third

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Petkov, Sergey, Valerii Bortniak, Liudmyla Savranchuk, Dariya Vitiuk, and Iryna Turchyn-Kukarina. "Prevention of corruption offenses by public officials: Experience from European Union countries." Cuestiones Políticas 41, no. 77 (2023): 352–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.4177.24.

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The article analyzes the effectiveness of preventive anti-corruption measures in the countries of the European Union EU. The study involved comparison and forecasting methods. The results showed that the EU is leading its efforts to develop anti-corruption legislative initiatives and their implementation at national and international level. Whistle-blower protection laws adopted in EU countries are important tools for exposing illegal activities committed in organizations. Transparency of public administration in Denmark and Finland contributes to the maintenance of moral and legal standards i

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