Journal articles: 'Date palm fiber industry'

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Alawar, Ahmad, Ahmed M. Hamed, and Khalifa Al-Kaabi. "Date Palm Tree Fiber as Polymeric Matrix Reinforcement, DPF-Polypropylene Composite Characterization." Advanced Materials Research 47-50 (June 2008): 193–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.47-50.193.

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Recently, the interest has increased to recycle things after use. In addition, the pressure of the environment defence organizations has increased in the same direction. Accordingly, the composite industry has begun investigating the possibility of increasing the proportion of recycled or biodegradable composites. This leaded to search about environment eco-friendly reinforcement and resins systems while providing the same performance as their man made counterparts. Natural fibers offer the possibility to play the role of the reinforcing material. In this study, we mix the 25% untreated date palm tree fibers with 75% polypropylene using double screw extruder. Comparison between plane polypropylene and 25 % raw date palm fiber was done. Tensile test and water absorption test were done upon plain polypropylene and 25% raw date palm fiber specimens. Tensile strength of reinforced polypropylene was about 20% lower than plain polypropylene. In the other hand, modulus of elasticity of composite showed an increase of about 30% compared to plane polypropylene. Water absorption was less sound in deterioration of the composite.

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Neoh, K. W., Kim Yeow Tshai, P. S. Khiew, and Chin Hua Chia. "Micro Palm and Kenaf Fibers Reinforced PLA Composite: Effect of Volume Fraction on Tensile Strength." Applied Mechanics and Materials 145 (December 2011): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.145.1.

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Extensive environmental concern associated with the disposal of solid plastic wastes has stirred tremendous interest in the production and use of sustainable biodegradable polymers. Among the vast variety of available materials, Polylactic Acid (PLA) standout as the most commercially viable mass produced resin to date. However, its low thermal and mechanical stability, excessive brittleness, and relatively higher cost have led to numerous research efforts in producing biodegradable polymer composite filled with natural organic fibers. This paper describes the preparation and the mechanical characteristics of a compression molded biodegradable composite made entirely of renewable raw materials. The composites were reinforced with pulverized palm, kenaf and alkali (1M NaOH:fiber in ratio 2:1) treated kenaf fibers, at a fiber mass proportion of 20 to 60% blended PLA and processed in a custom-built compression mold. SEM microscan revealed that the kenaf fiber has a mean diameter of 40μm, length 1236.6μm, and aspect ratio of 31 while the measured values for palm fiber was 58.7μm, 1041.2μm, and 17.7, respectively. All resulting composites showed significant enhancement in tensile strength. At 20, 40 and 60% fiber loading, the palm/PLA composite recorded tensile strength increment of 46.9, 47.8 and 36.6%, respectively. For the kenaf/PLA composite, greatest improvement was achieved at 40% fiber loading with alkali treated kenaf, with approximately 54% higher than the neat PLA while only 12.6% was recorded for the non-treated kenaf/PLA composite, signifying that the surface modification greatly improved fiber-matrix adhesion. SEM observations on the fracture surface showed similar findings. Compared to commercially available palm/Polypropylene (palm/PP) composite at 50% fiber loading, our measured tensile strength for the PLA composite loaded with 40% alkali treated kenaf fiber was still about 20% lower. Further enhancement in the mechanical characteristic of the kenaf/PLA composite is required to push for its wider utilization in the polymer industry.

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AL-Oqla, Faris M., and S. M. Sapuan. "Natural fiber reinforced polymer composites in industrial applications: feasibility of date palm fibers for sustainable automotive industry." Journal of Cleaner Production 66 (March 2014): 347–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.10.050.

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Periyasamy, A. R. Pon, and S. Padmanayaki. "Nutritional Composition of the Wild Date Palm." International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering 7, no. 7 (July 30, 2017): 461. http://dx.doi.org/10.23956/ijarcsse/v7i4/0209.

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Chemical compositions of fruit of dates were analyzed. The value of carbohydrate, protein, moisture content, fibre, ash and fat were 65.00%, 17.09%, 64.34%, 12.55%, 9.8% and 9.61 respectively. The most abundant mineral was zinc with the value of 74.82 ppm and the least magnesium with value 1.00 ppm. All these quality food properties make it good source of sweetening agent in food processing industry

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d'Almeida, José R. M., and Anderson L. L. da Silva. "Creep Behavior of Lignocellulosic-Fiber/Polypropylene Matrix Composites." Materials Science Forum 730-732 (November 2012): 295–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.730-732.295.

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Lignocellulosic residues obtained after the sustainable harvesting of heart of palm from pejibaye (Bactris gasipaes) palms were managed to produce chopped fibers. These fibers can be used to manufacture agglomerated panels and also as reinforcement in polymer-matrix composites. Polypropylene (PP) is a convenient polymer to be loaded with these residues due to its large applications, including under-the-bonnet applications by the automotive industry. PP-pejibaye composites with 10wt% of fiber mass fraction were manufactured and their creep behavior was studied. The experimental results were suitably described analyzing the variation of the creep modulus fitting the experimental data points to the three-element model where the Kelvin-Voigt element is attached to an independent spring. The results obtained show that the incorporation of the chopped pejibaye fibers to not affect the creep performance of the composite. This behavior is very promising, since untreated fibers were used, meaning that the use of expensive and many times environmentally detrimental fiber surface chemical treatments can be avoided.

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Rahayu, Dwi Ermawati, Dutarama Nasarani, Wahyono Hadi, and Budisantoso Wrjodirjo. "Potential of biomass residues from oil palm agroindustry in Indonesia." MATEC Web of Conferences 197 (2018): 13008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819713008.

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Oil Palm agroindustry is growing rapidly in Southeast Asia especially Indonesia and Malaysia. Based on GAPKI data, Indonesia's CPO production 2017 is 38.17 million tons and PKO of 3.05 million tons. Production activities in palm oil agro-industry in addition to producing PKO and CPOl produce solid waste from the plantation and palm oil mill, Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) from the palm oil mill. The biomass waste of oil palm agro-industry comes from activities in plantations in the form of midrib, leaves and palm tree trunks. While from the palm oil mill produced solid waste in the form of palm kernel shells (PKS), mesocarp fibers (MF) and empty fruit bunches (EFB). The waste is classified as biomass residue that can be utilized so that it has added value. Biomass potential in Indonesia can be estimated from the productivity of oil palm. The volume of biomass is 5,5-8%, empty bunches 20-23%, palm fronds 13.5-15%, 15% palm fiber from 1 ton of fresh fruit bunches. The total potential of oil palm solid waste biomass in Indonesia 2017 is 20.07 million tons and POME is 23.7 million tons. The largest distribution of biomass is in Riau, North Sumatra, South Sumatra province.

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Ayad, Amira A., Deiaa A. Gad El-Rab, Salam A. Ibrahim, and Leonard L. Williams. "Nitrogen Sources Effect on Lactobacillus reuteri Growth and Performance Cultivated in Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) By-Products." Fermentation 6, no. 3 (June 30, 2020): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation6030064.

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Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are fastidious microorganisms that have specific nutritional requirements. The de Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe (MRS) is an expensive standard growth medium for LAB to produce lactic acid, and the industry is always looking for an alternative low-cost medium. The date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is naturally full of essential nutrients that lead to stimulate or promote the growth of Lactobacillus spp. The date fruit industries generate a large amount of unwanted date by-product. Thus, the objective of this study was to examine the effect of different nitrogen sources on the growth of Lactobacillus reuteri grown in a date base medium. In this study, date palm fruit was pressed, and the fiber was blended with distilled water, centrifuged, and the supernatant was autoclaved to obtain date palm extract (DPE). The date palm medium (DPM) was formed by mixing the DPE with buffer solution. The DPM was then supplemented with different concentrations of different nitrogen sources. Lactobacilli MRS was used as a standard growth medium. Three different L. reuteri strains were individually inoculated into batches of MRS and DPMs at an initial inoculum 2.5 Log CFU/mL, and then incubated at 37 °C for 18 h. Bacterial growth was monitored by measuring the optical density readings (O.D 610 nm) for up to 18 h. At the end of the incubation period, final populations of each individual strain were verified by enumeration of the MRS agar. Our results showed that the bacterial population in DPM (control; without nitrogen), reached 3.55 ± 0.5 Log CFU/mL. However, the bacterial populations that reached 7.03 ± 0.1 Log CFU/mL in the DPM medium were supplemented with 0.8% phytone peptone, compared to the MRS 7.90 ± 0.24 Log CFU/mL. Our findings thus suggest that date by-products could be used as a low-cost alternative for the LAB growth medium.

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Alyileili, Salem R., Ahmed S. Hussein, Wissam Ibrahim, and Khaled A. El-Tarabily. "Phytochemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Trichoderma reesei Degraded Date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Pits." Current Bioactive Compounds 16, no. 4 (June 19, 2020): 528–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573407215666190207093046.

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Background: Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is a dominant fruit crop in most of the Arabian countries. Date pits, as a major byproduct which remained after consumption of date flesh proved to be valuable source of energy. Methods: Solid State Degradation (SSD) system was used for the preparation of degraded date pits. Date pits degraded with Trichoderma reesei were evaluated for their proximate, chemical composition and antioxidant activity. Results: The crude fiber content of degraded date pits was found to be 20.8 %, ash (2.09%), crude fat (7.2%), protein (5.56%), and total carbohydrate (87.2%). Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) was found to be 74.6% and 45.7%, respectively. Monosaccharide composition of fiber showed that the degradation with T. reesei significantly (P<0.05) enhanced the glucose and mannose content of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Pectin, total carbohydrate and mannan oligosaccharide content were also increased in degraded date pits in which galactose and mannose were the major neutral sugars. Among the studied minerals, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulphur and phosphorus were predominant. The phenolic and flavonoid contents of degraded date pits significantly (P<0.05) increased to 14.230 g Gallic equivalent/100g DW and 11.68 g Rutin equivalent /100g DW. Degraded date pits also showed significant antioxidant activity as evidenced by the results of 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl(DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline 6 sulphonicacid) (ABTS) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assays. Conclusion: Biological degradation with T. reesei significantly (P<0.05) improved the nutritional effect of date pits and thereby its potential usage in food industry was greatly improved.

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Junaidi. "Sifat Fisik Dan Mekanik Papan Komposit Dari Serat Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) Hasil Penguraian Secara Mekanis Dengan Perekat Gambir." Jurnal Ilmiah Poli Rekayasa 15, no. 2 (April 13, 2020): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.30630/jipr.15.2.165.

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Oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) are a solid waste product from the oil palm industry that are about 70% fiber. Previous research has indicated that this fiber can be used to produce composite board. Gambier can be used in an adhesive to produce these boards as it has strong adhesive properties. This research investigates the suitability of four types of OPEFB fiber resulting from different mechanical separation speeds and three adhesive made from differing concentrations of Gambier (12%, 14%, 16%) to produce high quality composite board. The results of the research suggest the type of the fiber and the concentration of the gambier used significantly influence the density of the resulting board and that there are interactions between these two variables. The water content of the board is significantly influenced by the type of OPEFB fibre but not by the concentration of gambier or any interaction between these variables. Thickness swelling, modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) are all influenced by type of fiber and concentration of gambier without any significant interaction between these two factors. The best types of fiber was those labeled A and B. The best performing composite board was produced from the longer B fibers and 16% gambier adhesive. This board a had density of 0.86 g/cm3, MOR 251.3 kg/cm2 and strength parallel to the grain of 145.6 kg/cm2. This data suggests that the density, water content and MOR of the boards made with this combination of material meets standard SNI 03-2105-2006 however the thickness swelling of the board fails this standard.

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Sierra Márquez, Juan, Lucellys Sierra Márquez, and Jesus Olivero-Verbel. "Potencial económico de la palma aceitera (Elaeis guineensis Jacq)." Agronomía Mesoamericana 28, no. 2 (April 30, 2017): 523. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/ma.v28i2.25927.

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The objective of this research was to highlight the economic importance of the optimal use of products and byproducts of oil palm. In Colombia, productive crops per hectare can generate, over one year, an average of 3.14 tons of oil, and up to 21.68 t of solid and liquid waste when the plant is on a productive stage. These data allowed the researcher to estimate that more than nine million of t of solid and liquid waste was produced from the 450 131 ha present in 2014, in Colombia; the produced biomass was used to generate energy and steam, releasing carbon dioxide back again into the environment. These residues have great potential in many industries, some to be developed, therefore, it is of special importance to try to maximize the use of waste produced by oil palm production, to generate economic and environmental benefits. An example of this is the palm kernel cake, with a nutritional potential in animal feed, fiber in the biocompound industry, biomass and stipe in the timber industry, glycerol, biodiesel, and liquid effluents in the chemical and biotechnological industry. The use of these raw materials may help to establish a positive balance in the cultivation of this species of oil palm in the country.

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Setiawan, Bagus Dimas, Arfa’i Arfa’i, and Yuliaty Shafan Nur. "EVALUASI SISTEM MANAJEMEN USAHA PEMBIBITAN SAPI BALI TERINTEGRASI DENGAN PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT DI KABUPATEN PASAMAN BARAT, PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT." JURNAL ILMIAH PETERNAKAN TERPADU 7, no. 3 (December 16, 2019): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jipt.v7i3.p276-286.

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The research objective was to evaluate: 1) Implementation of integration of Bali cattle and oil palm plantations; 2) Obstacles faced in implementing the integration of Bali cattle with oil palm plantations. The study was conducted in Pasaman Barat District, which received assistance of fund from Directorate General of Animal Husbandry in 2012 in the project of integration of beef cattle with oil palm plantation. The method used were survey method, direct observation and using questionnaire. Respondents involved were members of farmer-group who carried out the integration of Bali cattle and palm oil plantation program as many as 56 people from four groups. Data was analyzed using descriptive analysis and comparing the results obtained with the objectives of the integration program itself. The results showed that the effort to integrate Bali cattle with oil palm plantation business was not optimal. The feedstuff given to cattle were superior grass and field grass originating from oil palm plantations. However, oil palm fronds and leaves have not been utilized, and palm oil industry waste in the form of palm mud, fiber palm oil, and palm kernel meal have not been used optimally as well. Utilization of cattle feces as fertilizer for oil palm plants has been used in several groups, but still in the form of untreated fertilizers. The obstacles faced in implementing this integration system are such as the lack of knowledge of farmers about integration, and the mastery of livestock waste processing technology and waste from oil palm plantations is still low, so that the application of integration has not been optimally carried out. Keywords: Bali Cattle, Integration, Oil Palm Plantation, Pasaman Barat District, Survey Method.

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Carrillo-Parra, Artemio, Juan Carlos Contreras-Trejo, Marín Pompa-García, Miguel Ángel Pulgarín-Gámiz, José Guadalupe Rutiaga-Quiñones, Gerardo Pámanes-Carrasco, and Maginot Ngangyo-Heya. "Agro-Pellets from Oil Palm Residues/Pine Sawdust Mixtures: Relationships of Their Physical, Mechanical and Energetic Properties, with the Raw Material Chemical Structure." Applied Sciences 10, no. 18 (September 13, 2020): 6383. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10186383.

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The need for biomass as an alternative source for energy purposes points toward oil palm fruit residues (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) as an attractive solution. Oil palm industry residue, such as oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) composites and mesocarp fiber (PMF), have a high gross calorific value and could help countries meet their energy demands. However, information concerning physical, mechanical, and energy characteristics of agro-pellets made from mixtures of oil palm residue with pine sawdust, is not available. In this research, oil palm residues were mixed at ratios of 100:0, 80:20, 60:40, 40:60, 20:80, and 0:100 with pine sawdust, and were chemically analyzed. Agro-pellets from mixtures were tested on their physical and mechanical properties, and the relationship of these properties with the chemical composition of oil palm residue mixtures was determined. Normality distribution tests of the variables were performed using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Normal variables were analyzed through one-way ANOVA tests. When differences were found, they were validated using the Tukey’s honestly significant difference (HSD) test and were considered statistically significant at p ≤ 0.05. Data not normally distributed were analyzed by the Kruskal–Wallis test. Bulk density, particle density, and gross calorific value of agro-pellets (from mixing 80:20 oil palm residues with pine sawdust) were statistically higher (p < 0.05) to agro-pellets of 100% oil palm residues. Adding pine sawdust to oil palm residues increases some mechanical agro-pellet properties. Addition of pine sawdust to oil palm residues acts to increase some mechanical properties of agro-pellets.

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Rehman, Najeeb Ur, Hidayat Hussain, Mohammed Abdullah Al-Broumi, Mohammed Khiat, René Csuk, Ahmed Al-Rawahi, Abdul Latif Khan, Fazal Mabood, Ivan R. Green, and Ahmed Al-Harrasi. "Composition and Biological Activities of different Date Seed varieties (Phoenix dactylifera) of Oman: Cultivation Zone Influence." International Journal of Phytomedicine 9, no. 1 (March 30, 2017): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5138/09750185.1870.

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Date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) seeds (pits) account for ca. 10% of the date fruit and it is the date pits that present a major problem to the date palm industry in the USA as a waste product. Currently date pits are employed as a food source for animals and poultry, as a soil fertilizer and also as a road base gravel In order to understand the varietal effects of Omani date seeds on the nutritional properties of dates and to explore the use of this waste product from the food industry, twenty two native date seeds (Phoenix dactylifera L.) including the varieties; Qushbu Narenjahn, Fardh, Naghal, Manhi, Qush Balquan, Helali Oman, Khasab, Seedi, Qush Jabrin, Khalas, Qush Basrah, Qushbu Maan, Handal, Khunaizi, Qush Mamoor, Barshi, Barni, Azad, Zabad, Qush Tabak, Qush LuLu, and Halali Alhasa were collected from six regions of the Sultanate of Oman and were examined for their nutritional value, antioxidant and urease properties. Energy values, dry matter, and carbohydrate level were the predominant components examined in the date seeds , followed by fiber, moisture, along with small amounts of ash, protein, and fat. The results of the 22 varieties of date seeds showed a significant energy value of between 283.0 to 407.9 kcal/100g, dry matter of between 93.3%-96.3%, carbohydrate content of between 43.8%-80.6%, moisture in the range of 4.3%-6.6%), fat in the range of 5.0%-10.9%, ash content of between 0.73%-1.08%, protein content of 0.2%-6.9% and fiber content of between 5.0%-32.5%. Furthermore the antioxidant potential ranged between 7.4 - 88.3% depending upon the type of date seeds and location of samples. In this regard the Handal date seeds collected from Al-Hamra showed the highest antioxidant potential with 88.3% inhibition. Similarly urease inhibition ranged from 0.94-70.3% and Qush Tabak date seeds collected from Al-Hamra demonstrated the highest urease potential with 70.3% inhibition. It is noteworthy that Qush Basrah, Seedi, Qush Balquan, and Handal date seeds have significantly higher nutritional attributes compared to the rest in the study group. Moreover Fardh, Khasab, Khalas, and Handal date seeds collected from more than one region of Oman showed variation in some nutritional values. The nutritional analysis further demonstrated the correlation of proximate parameters in different regions of Oman. Results of the current investigation indicate a promising and significant potential for date seeds to be used as a supplementary source of a healthy diet as well as in specific pharmaceutical applications.

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Handra, Nofriady, Anwar Kasim, Gunawarman Gunawarman, and Santosa Santosa. "Effect of heating temperature on quality of bio-briquette empty fruit bunch fiber." International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences 9, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijaas.v9.i3.pp192-200.

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Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB) are one of the palm oil industry wastes, which are quite plentiful and currently unused optimally. Biomass is one of the renewable energy resources which has important roles in the world. The bio-briquettes are manufactured through densification of waste biomass by implementing certain processes. This research aimed to obtain variations in the mold temperature at 150 ºC, 200 ºC, and 250 ºC to the calorific value and toughness of the briquette material. The toughness was tested using ASTM D 440-86 R02 standard. Arduino program was used for setting the heating resistance time of the mold, which was 20 minutes and the thermal controller was used to adjust the temperature variation. The average mold pressure was 58 Psi. The highest heating value was obtained at a mold temperature of 250 ºC with a value of 5256 cal/g, and the lowest was resulted at a temperature of 150 ºC (4117 cal/g). Meanwhile, the briquette toughness test at 200 ºC mold temperature indicated good data results in which the average loss of fiber particles was only 4.17 %, this was because the adhesion between particles by lignin and cellulose in the fiber functions optimally at this temperature so that the resistance of briquettes went through minor damage.

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Mohammad, M., N. I. R. Nik Syukri, and M. Z. Nuawi. "Sound Properties Investigation of Date Palm Fiber." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1150 (January 2019): 012003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1150/1/012003.

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Augustia, Venitalitya, Achmad Chafidz, Lucky Setyaningsih, Muhammad Rizal, Mujtahid Kaavessina, and Saeed M. Al Zahrani. "Effect of Date Palm Fiber Loadings on the Mechanical Properties of High Density Polyethylene/Date Palm Fiber Composites." Key Engineering Materials 773 (July 2018): 94–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.773.94.

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The trend of using natural fibers as green filler in the fabrication of polymer composites is increasing. One of these natural fibers is date palm fiber (DPF). Date palm fiber is considered as agricultural waste in certain areas, such as Middle East countries. Therefore, the utilization of this fiber in the composites fabrication is an interesting topic of research. In the current study, composites were prepared by melt blending DPF with high density polyethylene (HDPE). Five different DPF loadings were studied (i.e. 0, 5, 10, 20, 30 wt%). The effect of the DPF loadings on the mechanical properties and water absorption behavior of the composites were investigated. The tensile test result showed that tensile strengths of all the composites samples were all higher than the neat HDPE with the maximum improvement was achieved at the DPF loading of 5 wt% (i.e. DFC-5), which was about 19.23 MPa (138% higher than the neat HDPE). Whereas, the flexural test result showed that the flexural strength of the composites slightly increased compared to that of the neat HDPE only until 5 wt% DPF loading (i.e. DFC-5). Afterward, the flexural strength of the DFC-10 was equal to that of the neat HDPE, and decreasing with further increase of DPF loadings. Additionally, the water absorption test result showed that the water absorption rate and uptake of water (at equilibrium) increased with the increase of DPF loading.

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Alawar, Ahmad, Waseem Ahmed, and Khalifa Al-Kaabi. "Comparative Study of Polypropylene Matrix Reinforced with Date Palm Fibers & Date Palm Twigs." Advanced Materials Research 123-125 (August 2010): 1115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.123-125.1115.

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A variety of natural fibers have been on research over the past years to develop alternative echo friendly materials that have comparable performance as their synthetic counter parts for use in composite materials. In this study, two different forms of date palm tree fibers were used as reinforcement materials to develop composite materials with polypropylene (PP) matrix. These two different date palm fibers are namely Date palm fiber (DPF) & Date Palm twigs (DPT). These fibers were surface modified using alkali treatment. Two different Percentages of PP (50%, 75%) were mixed with the each type of fibers to form composite pellets using double screw extruder. The mechanical properties of the different fibers reinforced composite, in treated and untreated condition were investigated. The effect of different weight fraction of Polypropylene matrix reinforced DPF or Twigs fiber composite was investigated. The results indicate that untreated DPF-PP composites possess better mechanical properties compared to all untreated & treated DPT-PP composites. Mechanical interlocking between untreated fibers and the matrix showed some increase in the mechanical properties of the untreated DPF-PP compared to the treated one. In both cases, composites having 75% PP has better mechanical properties than the 50%PP composites. This is due to the lack of compatibility between the fibers and the matrix.

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Sh. Al-Otaibi, Mohammed, Othman Y. Alothman, Maher M. Alrashed, Arfat Anis, Jesuarockiam Naveen, and Mohammad Jawaid. "Characterization of Date Palm Fiber-Reinforced Different Polypropylene Matrices." Polymers 12, no. 3 (March 5, 2020): 597. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12030597.

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In this study, the effect of different polypropylene (PP) matrices (homopolymer (HPP), impact copolymer (ICP), and recycled polypropylene (rPP)) on the mechanical, morphological, and thermal properties of date palm fiber (DPF)-reinforced PP composites was investigated. The DPFs were treated with an alkali solution, and composites were fabricated with different DPF loadings (5, 10, and 15 wt %) and lengths (less than 2 mm and 8–12 mm). It was found that the tensile properties of the DPF/ICP and DPF/rPP composites were similar to those of the DPF/HPP composites. The addition of fiber to the matrix reduced its tensile strength but increased the modulus. The alkali treatment improved the compatibility between the fibers and the matrix by removing hemicellulose and other impurities. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed hemicellulose removal. The morphology of the alkali-treated fractured tensile specimen revealed improved adhesion and less fiber pull out. Differential scanning calorimetry revealed that the alkali treatment enhanced the crystallinity index. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the addition of DPFs into the PP matrix reduced the thermal stability of the composite. However, the thermal stability of the treated fiber-reinforced rPP and ICP composites was similar to that of the DPF/HPP composite. Hence, rPP can be used as an alternative to HPP with DPFs.

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Al-Khanbashi, A., K. Al-Kaabi, and A. Hammami. "Date palm fibers as polymeric matrix reinforcement: Fiber characterization." Polymer Composites 26, no. 4 (2005): 486–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pc.20118.

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McCubbin, M. J. "THE SOUTH AFRICAN DATE PALM INDUSTRY - STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES." Acta Horticulturae, no. 736 (March 2007): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2007.736.3.

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Wright, Glenn C. "The Commercial Date Industry in the United States and Mexico." HortScience 51, no. 11 (November 2016): 1333–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci11043-16.

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The date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) originated in the Arabian Peninsula, spread throughout North Africa, then was carried to Mexico and the United States. Planting began in earnest in Arizona and California in the late 1800s and continues today. As of 2014, date production in Mexico and the United States is valued at almost $13,000,000, and comprises about 7400 ha. ‘Deglet Noor’ and ‘Medjool’ are the major cultivars. Modern practices for date palm cultivation include planting, irrigation, fertilization, pollination, thinning the fruit, ringing the bunches, bagging the bunches, and harvest. After harvest, the fruit must be sorted, dried or rehydrated, and graded. Date palms are sometimes sold for landscaping purposes. Current research at the University of Arizona and University of California at Riverside is focused on pollination and thinning practices, improving fruit quality and controlling insects. There are four date palm germplasm collections located in Arizona and California.

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Owaid, Mustafa Nadhim, Sajid Salahuddin Saleem Al-Saeedi, and Idham Ali Abed. "Recycling of Date-Palm Fiber to Produce Pleurotus Cornucopiae Var. Citrinopileatus Mushroom." International Journal of Environment 5, no. 4 (January 13, 2017): 56–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v5i4.16393.

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In this study, some local available organic matters, which are including wheat straw (Triticum aestivum), sawdust, and fiber of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.), were used for growing and cultivating of bright yellow oyster mushroom Pleurotus cornucopiae var. citrinopileatus. The possibility of using date palm fiber (in mixtures with other organic residues) as a substrate for the cultivation and production of fruiting bodies of P. cornucopiae var. citrinopileatus was investigated. This mushroom is capable of biorecycling and utilization of some mixtures of lignocellulosic substrates successfully, especially the mixture S3 (50% wheat straw, 30% sawdust, and 20% date palm fiber). The lower mycelia completion time was 17 days, that shown in bags of the S3 substrate. Date-palm fiber substrate exhibited best growth intensity level (moderate) significantly (p<0.05). The total yield and biological efficiency percent recorded approx. 90 g and 23% on the S3 substrate respectively, as a higher percent significantly (p<0.05), while sawdust substrate alone was an unsuitable medium for cultivation and production of this mushroom. Finally, the use of date-palm fibers in mixtures is usefulness in producing a fresh edible and medicinal mushroom.INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTVolume-5, Issue-4, Sep-Nov 2016, page: 56-65

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Khidir, Elwaleed Awad, Nik Abdullah Nik Mohamed, Mohd Jailani Mohd Nor, Mohd Faizal Mat Tahir, Rozli Zulkifli, and Mohd Zaki Nuawi. "Effect of Density on the Sound Absorption of Date Palm Fibers." Applied Mechanics and Materials 663 (October 2014): 437–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.663.437.

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An experimental study on the effect of panel density on the sound absorption properties of a date palm fiber panel has been presented in this paper. The experiments were carried out by using impedance tube at the Acoustic Lab, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. The date palm fiber was tested for densities of 77 kg/m3, 100 kg/m3 and 125 kg/m3.The results show that the values of absorption coefficient improve when increasing the density of the panel. Noise reduction coefficient (NRC) was computed to compare the performance of the palm date fiber samples for the different densities. The NRC increases by increasing the density.

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Syed, Tariq, Abdul Salam Thelakkadan, and Saad Al-Hussain. "Date-Palm Fiber as a Reinforcement Filler in Polymer Composites." Advances in Sciences and Engineering 12, no. 2 (December 25, 2020): 78–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.32732/ase.2020.12.2.78.

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Natural fibers offer a great advantage of being used as a reinforcement in polymer matrix composites because of the many advantages natural fibers offer over conventional reinforcement fillers. Date palm fiber is one of the most available natural fibrous materials in the Middle Eastern region to be exploited as a fiber reinforcement in polymers. In the present work, the fibers extracted from the date palm tree trunk, branches, and leaves were used for the reinforcement of the polypropylene matrix. Electron microscopic images show excellent bonding between the fiber and matrix as no fiber pullout is observed. The thermal (heat deflection temperature) and mechanical properties (Izod impact, tensile and flexural modulus) of the composites increased with an increase in the fiber loading from 20% to 60%, which in turn resulted in excellent mechanical properties in the final product. The work has immense significance in using date palm as an easily available natural resource for a useful product.

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Alshabanat, Mashael, Rasmiah Al-Mufarij, and Ghadah Al-Senani. "Study on Adsorption of Malachite Green by Date Palm Fiber." Oriental Journal of Chemistry 32, no. 6 (December 18, 2016): 3139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojc/320636.

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Alawar, Ahmad, Ahmad M. Hamed, and Khalifa Al-Kaabi. "Characterization of treated date palm tree fiber as composite reinforcement." Composites Part B: Engineering 40, no. 7 (October 2009): 601–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2009.04.018.

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Khidir, Elwaleed Awad, Nik Abdullah Nik Mohamed, Mohd Jailani Mohd Nor, Mohd Faizal Mat Tahir, and Rozli Zulkifli. "A Preliminary Study on the Sound Absorption of Date Palm Fibers." Applied Mechanics and Materials 663 (October 2014): 406–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.663.406.

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In this study sound absorption properties of a single layer date palm fiber has been investigated. Experimental measurements were carried out using impedance tube at the acoustic lab, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. A constant thickness sample was considered in this study.The results show that the values of absorption coefficient are small at low frequencies, rising with increasing frequency but exhibiting a significant peak. The low density of the sample is reflected in the overall sound absorption performance of the date palm fiber. An improvement in the sound absorption in the lower frequency range was achieved by backing the sample with air gap of different thicknesses of 10 mm, 20 mm and 30 mm. The increase in the air gap thickness moved the peaks toward lower frequencies and improved the low frequencies absorption. However, that increase coincided with reduction of absorption in medium frequency range and reduction in the absorption peak. A linear relationship was found between sound absorption peaks and the air gap thickness. The performance of the date palm fiber can be improved by increasing the density of the sample, using different sample thicknesses and adding perforated plates to the date palm fiber panel.

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Benaniba, Samir, Zied Driss, Mokhtar Djendel, Elhadj Raouache, and Rabah Boubaaya. "Thermo-mechanical characterization of a bio-composite mortar reinforced with date palm fiber." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 15 (January 2020): 155892502094823. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558925020948234.

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Due to respect for the environment and the search for more sustainable materials, scientists have started in recent decades to launch studies on bio-composite materials. It is well known that building materials are among the most commonly used materials and have an obvious negative impact on the environment. The development of environmentally friendly composites as insulating materials in buildings offers practical solutions to reduce energy consumption. Therefore, this work presents the use of a new bio-composite material composed of natural fibers, date palm fibers, cement, and sand. In addition, the study on the effect of adding date palm fibers on the thermo-mechanical characteristics of mortars assesses the thermal insulation properties as well as the water absorption and mechanical performance of this new bio-composite material to use it in the construction of buildings. The percentage by weight of date palm fiber in the test samples varied from 0% to 30% for a fiber size of length equal to 7 mm. The characteristics of these samples were determined experimentally in terms of resistance to bending and compression as well as thermal conductivity. The results show that while increasing the weight of date palm fiber, an obviously reduction in thermal conductivity, flexural, and compressive strength of the composite is observed. Hence, date palm fiber has a positive effect on the thermo-mechanical properties of the composite material. Therefore, it considerably improves the insulating capacity of the mortar.

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Fikry, Mohammad, Alhussein Al-Awaadah, and Russly Rahman. "Production and characterization of palm date powder rich in dietary fiber." Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization 15, no. 3 (February 1, 2021): 2285–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11694-021-00825-w.

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Khidir, Elwaleed Awad, Mojahed Osman Mohammed Ali, Mohammed Mustafa Ali, Mohd Faizal Bin Mat Tahir, and Rozli Zulkifli. "Analysis of Sound Absorption of Date Palm Fibers Based on Flow Resistivity." Applied Mechanics and Materials 471 (December 2013): 285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.471.285.

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This paper presents a study on the sound absorption properties of a single layer date palm fiber based on the flow resistivity. Experimental measurements were carried out to estimate the flow resistivity value using differential pressure tube. The average diameter of the fibers is 0.462 mm. A date palm fiber sample of 25mm thickness is used in this research. The flow resistivity of the date palm fiber sample was found to be 4.26 kPa.s/m2. The flow resistivity was used to calculate the sound absorption coefficient using Delany and Bazley model. The simulation showed that the values of absorption coefficient are small at low frequencies and rising with increasing frequency. To check the effect of flow resistivity on the sound absorption coefficient Delany and Bazley model was simulated for three different flow resistivity values. The simulation results showed that the sound absorption coefficient increases with the increase of the flow resistivity.

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Chihaoui, Belgacem, Ferran Serra-Parareda, Quim Tarrés, Francesc Xavier Espinach, Sami Boufi, and Marc Delgado-Aguilar. "Effect of the Fiber Treatment on the Stiffness of Date Palm Fiber Reinforced PP Composites: Macro and Micromechanical Evaluation of the Young’s Modulus." Polymers 12, no. 8 (July 29, 2020): 1693. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12081693.

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The present work aims at determining the potential of date palm wastes to be applied as reinforcement in polypropylene. For this, fibers were separated from the raw biomass via mechanical defibration in Sprout Waldron equipment. Then, three different treatment strategies were adopted on the fibers, being (i) mechanical, (ii) chemical with NaOH, and (iii) enzymatical with xylanases and pectinases. Fibers were characterized in terms of chemical composition, morphology and SEM. Additionally, PP was reinforced with date palm fibers and the composites’ stiffness was evaluated. The analysis was performed from a macro and micro mechanical viewpoint. The incorporation of 40 and 60 wt.% of DPF-E enhanced the Young’s modulus of PP by 205 and 308%, respectively. The potential of enzymatically treated fibers to replace glass fibers in composites was studied, exhibiting similar stiffening abilities at 60 wt.% of date palm fiber (6.48 GPa) and 40% of glass fibers (6.85 GPa). The intrinsic Young’s modulus of the fibers was set at values around 16, 20 and 24 GPa for mechanical, chemical and enzymatic fibers. From the micromechanical analysis, the efficiency of the reinforcement as well as the contribution of the length and orientation to the Young’s modulus of the composite was evaluated.

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Mohanty, Jyoti R., Sankar N. Das, Harish C. Das, Tapan K. Mahanta, and Sataya B. Ghadei. "Solid Particle Erosion of Date Palm Leaf Fiber Reinforced Polyvinyl Alcohol Composites." Advances in Tribology 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/293953.

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Solid particle erosion behavior of short date palm leaf (DPL) fiber reinforced polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite has been studied using silica sand particles (200 ± 50 μm) as an erodent at different impingement angles (15–90°) and impact velocities (48–109 m/s). The influence of fiber content (wt% of DPL fiber) on erosion rate of PVA/DPL composite has also been investigated. The neat PVA shows maximum erosion rate at 30° impingement angle whereas PVA/DPL composites exhibit maximum erosion rate at 45° impingement angle irrespective of fiber loading showing semiductile behavior. The erosion efficiency of PVA and its composites varies from 0.735 to 16.289% for different impact velocities studied. The eroded surfaces were observed under scanning electron microscope (SEM) to understand the erosion mechanism.

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Rachedi, Mokhtar, and Abdelouahed Kriker. "Thermal Properties of Plaster Reinforced with Date Palm Fibers." Civil and Environmental Engineering 16, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 259–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cee-2020-0025.

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AbstractThis study aims both to investigate the thermal properties of plaster reinforced with date palm fibers and local natural resources valorization to batter using materials construction. For that, studying the effect of addition date palm fibers on the plaster's thermal properties is a significant point. In this work, we measured effective thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, specific heat, and thermal effusivity of date palm fibers reinforced plaster has been studied by CT meter. Samples configurations with four lengths (10 mm - 40 mm) and four-weight ratios (0.5 % - 2 %) of palm fibers in plaster. The results obtained demonstrate that an increase in the fraction of date palm fiber engenders to a significant decrease in the thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, and effusivity, even an increase for the specific heat of different types of samples. Finally, this study is a contribution to the valorization of local materials in southern Algeria, and results encourage the use of plaster and date palm fibers in the field of construction and go to eco-friendly buildings.

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Owaid, Mustafa Nadhim, Sajid SS Al-Saeedi, and Idham Ali Abed. "Mycelial growth observation of Pleurotus eryngii (Higher Basidiomycota) In Vitro." International Journal of Environment 5, no. 3 (September 16, 2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v5i3.15700.

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Five agro-substrates including date palm fibers (fibrillum), wheat straw, white sawdust and their combinations were investigated to grow Pleurotus eryngii. The longer mycelium complete time within bags was 20 days on sawdust (S4), in contrast, the shorter time for mycelium overgrew was completed after 15 days on date palm fiber (S5). In significant (p<0.05), S5 showed the higher growth intensity level (vigorous growth) than other substrates. Thus use of date palm wastes (S5 medium) may be useful for successfully cultivation king oyster mushroom in farm.International Journal of Environment Vol.5(3) 2016, pp.1-10

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Kashizadeh, Roya, Masoud Esfandeh, Amir Masoud Rezadoust, and Razi Sahraeian. "Physico‐mechanical and thermal properties of date palm fiber/phenolic resin composites." Polymer Composites 40, no. 9 (January 31, 2019): 3657–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pc.25228.

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Boukettaya, Sonia, Ahmad Alawar, Fahad Almaskari, Hachmi Ben Daly, Ahmed Abdala, and Sami Chatti. "Modeling of water diffusion mechanism in polypropylene/date palm fiber composite materials." Journal of Composite Materials 52, no. 19 (January 10, 2018): 2651–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998317752228.

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The aim of this work is to model the water absorption mechanism of the polypropylene/date palm fibers composite materials after their exposure at different immersion conditions. For short immersion period, a model combining the Fick’s law and the time temperature stress principle has been proposed to describe the water absorption mechanism. However, it has been noted that, after a saturation time, the water diffusion mechanism leads to a physical degradation and a mass loss into the composite material, especially under high temperatures and long times of water immersion. Microscopic observations have revealed a decrease of the interfacial adhesion between the fibers and the matrix and fiber degradations. A general new model describing the evolution of the water uptake mechanism and the degradation phenomenon has been also proposed in the present work. A good agreement between the theoretical and experimental data has been obtained.

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Hinkaew, Jeerawan, Amornrat Aursalung, Yuraporn Sahasakul, Nattapol Tangsuphoom, and Uthaiwan Suttisansanee. "A Comparison of the Nutritional and Biochemical Quality of Date Palm Fruits Obtained Using Different Planting Techniques." Molecules 26, no. 8 (April 13, 2021): 2245. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26082245.

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Date palm fruit (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is commonly consumed around the world and has recently become an economical crop in Eastern Thailand, especially the Barhi cultivar that can be consumed as fresh fruit. To maintain genetic qualities, date palm is populated through cell culture. This leads to high production costs, while access to this technique is limited. Increasing date palm population by simple seed planting is currently of interest as an alternative for local farmers. Nevertheless, information on nutritive values, bioactive compounds, and health-promoting bioactivities of seed originating from date palm fruit is unavailable. Effects of different planting origins (cell culture origin (CO) and seed origin (SO)) of date palm fruits at the Khalal stage of Barhi cultivar were investigated for nutritive values, bioactive compounds, and in vitro health-promoting properties via key enzyme inhibitions against obesity (lipase), diabetes (α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and dipeptidyl peptidase-IV), Alzheimer’s disease (cholinesterases and β-secretase), and hypertension (angiotensin-converting enzyme). Waste seeds as a by-product from date palm production were also examined regarding these properties to increase seed marketing opportunities for future food applications and other health-related products. CO and SO exhibited insignificant differences in energy, fat, and carbohydrate contents. SO had higher protein, dietary fiber, vitamin A, vitamin E, and calcium contents than CO, while CO contained higher contents of fructose, glucose and maltose. Higher phenolic contents in SO led to greater enzyme inhibitory activities than CO. Interestingly, seeds of date palm fruits mostly contained higher nutritive values than the flesh. No carotenoids were detected in seeds but higher phenolic contents resulted in greater enzyme inhibitory activities than recorded for fruit flesh. Results suggest that appropriate planting of date palm can support the development of novel date palm fruit products, leading to expansion of economic opportunities and investment in date palm fruit agriculture.

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Vasudevan, Gunalaan. "Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Oil Palm Fiber (OPF) Partial Replacement of Cement." Key Engineering Materials 861 (September 2020): 482–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.861.482.

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This research showed the results of experiments effect use of oil palm fibre (OPF) from oil palm industry as partial replacement for ordinary Portland cement. Research on the reuse of waste materials in the concrete industry has been quite intensive in the past decade. The objective of this research is to identify the Effect of oil palm fibre as a partial cement replacement in the production of concrete. After the treatment, the economical ways to dispose of it is by using landfill method. But due to a limited landfill site in Malaysia and it is the temporary solution for the disposal of the waste, it becomes a problem to Malaysia and the number of the oil palm fibre keeping increase year by year because of the population increase year by year too. The results showed that oil palm fibre (OPF) greatly improved the compressive and flexural strength of concrete. The rate of water absorption of oil palm fibre (OPF) concrete was reduced as oil palm fibre filled up the existing voids, making it more impermeable. However, the compressive strength of the oil palm fibre concrete decreases gradually when the amount of oil palm fibre (OPF) increased. It can be concluded that the optimum percentage of oil palm fibre as a partial cement replacement is 10%. In this direction, an experimental investigation of ultrasonic pulse velocity, carbonation test, compressive strength, flexural strength and water absorption was undertaken to use oil palm fiber and admixtures as partial replacement for cement in concrete.

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Eslami-Farsani, Reza. "Effect of fiber treatment on the mechanical properties of date palm fiber reinforced PP/EPDM composites." Advanced Composite Materials 24, no. 1 (January 9, 2014): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09243046.2013.871177.

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AlZebdeh, Khaled, M. M. Nassar, M. A. Al-Hadhrami, O. Al-Aamri, S. Al-Defaai, and S. Al-Shuaily. "Characterization of Mechanical Properties of Aligned Date Palm Frond Fiber-Reinforced Low Density Polyethylene." Journal of Engineering Research [TJER] 14, no. 2 (June 30, 2017): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/tjer.vol14iss2pp115-123.

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In recent decades, natural fibers have received attention of scientists and researchers due to their ecofriendly characteristics that qualify them as potential reinforcement in polymer composites in place of synthetic fibers. In this study, an experimental investigation has been conducted to evaluate the effect of orientation of fibers on mechanical properties of a newly developed bio-composite in which date palm fronds (DPF) are embedded as fibers in low-density polyethylene (LDPE) matrix. Three bio-composite sheets with orientations of 0°, 45° and 90°, respectively have been fabricated after the date palm fronds were chemically treated. The fabricated composite specimens are tested under tensile load using Universal Testing Machine (UTM) in accordance with the ASTM D-638 standard. Then, a comparison of the experimental results against analytical results is made to examine the accuracy and agreement between the two. An inconsistency in moduli, as was discovered, is attributed to the adhesion quality between the fibers and surrounding matrix. Output results help to assess the applicability of such class of bio-composites in real-life applications. The results of tensile strength, Young’s modulus, and elongation at break revealed that date palm fronds can be used as reinforcement material in polymer-based composites for low strength applications.

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Sirisena, Sameera, Ken Ng, and Said Ajlouni. "The Emerging Australian Date Palm Industry: Date Fruit Nutritional and Bioactive Compounds and Valuable Processing By-Products." Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety 14, no. 6 (October 6, 2015): 813–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.12162.

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Hussein, Samah M. "A Study of Some Mechanical and Physical Properties for Palm Fiber/Polyester Composite." Engineering and Technology Journal 38, no. 3B (December 25, 2020): 104–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.30684/etj.v38i3b.598.

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This research has been done by reinforcing the matrix (unsaturated polyester) resin with natural material (date palm fiber (DPF)). The fibers were exposure to alkali treatment before reinforcement. The samples have been prepared by using hand lay-up technique with fiber volume fraction of (10%, 20% and 30%). After preparation of the mechanical and physical properties have been studied such as, compression, flexural, impact strength, thermal conductivity, Dielectric constant and dielectric strength. The polyester composite reinforced with date palm fiber at volume fraction (10% and 20%) has good mechanical properties rather than pure unsaturated polyester material, while the composite reinforced with 30% Vf present poor mechanical properties. Thermal conductivity results indicated insulator composite behavior. The effect of present fiber polar group induces of decreasing in dielectric strength, and increasing dielectric constant. The reinforcement composite 20% Vf showed the best results in mechanical, thermal and electrical properties.

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Hussein, Samah M. "A Study of Some Mechanical and Physical Properties for Palm Fiber/Polyester Composite." Engineering and Technology Journal 38, no. 3B (December 25, 2020): 104–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.30684/etj.v38i3b.598.

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This research has been done by reinforcing the matrix (unsaturated polyester) resin with natural material (date palm fiber (DPF)). The fibers were exposure to alkali treatment before reinforcement. The samples have been prepared by using hand lay-up technique with fiber volume fraction of (10%, 20% and 30%). After preparation of the mechanical and physical properties have been studied such as, compression, flexural, impact strength, thermal conductivity, Dielectric constant and dielectric strength. The polyester composite reinforced with date palm fiber at volume fraction (10% and 20%) has good mechanical properties rather than pure unsaturated polyester material, while the composite reinforced with 30% Vf present poor mechanical properties. Thermal conductivity results indicated insulator composite behavior. The effect of present fiber polar group induces of decreasing in dielectric strength, and increasing dielectric constant. The reinforcement composite 20% Vf showed the best results in mechanical, thermal and electrical properties.

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Belgacem, Chihaoui, Quim Tarres, Francesc Xavier Espinach, Pere Mutjé, Sami Boufi, and Marc Delgado-Aguilar. "High-Yield Lignocellulosic Fibers from Date Palm Biomass as Reinforcement in Polypropylene Composites: Effect of Fiber Treatment on Composite Properties." Polymers 12, no. 6 (June 26, 2020): 1423. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12061423.

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In this work, date palm waste (DPW) stemming from the annual pruning of date palm was used as reinforcing filler in polypropylene (PP) matrix at 40% w/w. Three pre-treatment routes were performed for the DPW, namely (i) defibration, (ii) soft alkali treatment, and (iii) enzymatic treatment, to obtain date palm fibers (DPF) and to investigate the effect of each process on their chemical composition, which will ultimately affect the mechanical properties of the resulting composites. The enzymatic and alkali treatment, combined with maleated polypropylene (MAPP) as a coupling agent, resulted in a composite with higher strength and stiffness than the neat PP. The differences in the reinforcing effect were explained by the change in the morphology of DPF and their chemical surface composition according to the selected treatment of DPW. Enzymatic treatment maximized the tensile strength of the compound as a consequence of an improvement in the interfacial shear strength and the intrinsic resistance of the fibers.

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Mrabet, Abdessalem, Hamza Hammadi, Guillermo Rodríguez-Gutiérrez, Ana Jiménez-Araujo, and Marianne Sindic. "Date Palm Fruits as a Potential Source of Functional Dietary Fiber: A Review." Food Science and Technology Research 25, no. 1 (2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3136/fstr.25.1.

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Almana, H. A., and R. M. Mahmoud. "Palm date seeds as an alternative source of dietary fiber in Saudi bread." Ecology of Food and Nutrition 32, no. 3-4 (September 1994): 261–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03670244.1994.9991406.

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47

Mahdi, E., D. Ochoa, A. Vaziri, and E. Eltai. "Energy absorption capability of date palm leaf fiber reinforced epoxy composites rectangular tubes." Composite Structures 224 (September 2019): 111004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2019.111004.

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Ghori, Syed Waheedullah, and Gunji Srinivasa Rao. "Mechanical and thermal properties of date palm/kenaf fiber‐reinforced epoxy hybrid composites." Polymer Composites 42, no. 5 (March 5, 2021): 2217–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pc.25971.

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Belgacem, Chihaoui, Ferran Serra-Parareda, Quim Tarrés, Pere Mutjé, Marc Delgado-Aguilar, and Sami Boufi. "Valorization of Date Palm Waste for Plastic Reinforcement: Macro and Micromechanics of Flexural Strength." Polymers 13, no. 11 (May 27, 2021): 1751. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13111751.

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Date palm waste is an abundant agricultural residue in Tunisia and can be used for plastic reinforcement. Moreover, its use in plastic composites can help to reduce dependence on fossil resources for material production. In this work, the valorization of date palm residues was studied by employing high-yield processes following mechanical, chemical, and enzymatical treatments. Fibers obtained by soft chemical treatment with sodium hydroxide and enzymatic treatment with xylanases and pectinases were evaluated for their use in the reinforcement of plastic materials. The flexural strength property, truly relevant for structural, construction, automotive, or other market sectors, was adopted to assess the reinforcing potential of the fibers. Polypropylene was effectively reinforced with date palm fibers (60 wt.%), exhibiting a flexural strength increases of 80% (73.1 MPa), 93% (78.5 MPa), and 106% (83.9 MPa) for mechanical, chemical, and enzymatic fibers, respectively. The different treatments had an impact on the chemical composition of the fibers, and by extension on the final properties of the composites. The holocellulose content could provide good interfacial adhesion using a coupling agent, whereas the lignin content improved the dispersion of the phases. Two interesting outcomes were that the flexural performance of enzymatic fibers was like that of wood composites, whereas the specific flexural strength was comparable to that of glass fiber composites. Overall, the present work has shown the potential behind date palm waste in the composite sector when a specific property or application is desired. Novel treatments have been used for greater fiber compatibility, increasing the sustainability of the process, and improving the applicability of the palm residue.

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Chafidz, Achmad, Venitalitya Augustia, Ariany Zulkania, Asmanto Subagyo, Mujtahid Kaavessina, and Muhammad Rizal. "Date Palm Fiber Reinforced High Density Polyethylene Composites: Effect of Fiber Loadings on the Melt Rheological Behavior." Key Engineering Materials 773 (July 2018): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.773.40.

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In the recent years, the trend of using renewable source (green) fillers in the composites fabrication is increasing. One of these green fillers is natural fibers, which referred to the plant fibers, such as date palm fiber (DPF). In the present work, high-density polyethylene (HDPE)/DPF composites have been prepared. Four different DPF loadings were used (i.e. 0, 5, 10, 20 wt%) to prepare the composites. The effect of DPF loadings on the melt rheological behavior of the HDPE/DPF composites were studied. The melt rheological test results showed that both of storage modulus (Gʹ) and loss modulus (Gʺ) increased with the increase of DPF loadings. Additionally, the Han plot showed an upward shift from neat HDPE (i.e. DFC-0) to DFC-20, which indicated that the melt rheological properties changed with the increase of DPF loadings. The complex viscosity |h*| of the composites samples also increased with the increase of DPF loadings. The increased was more significant at higher DPF loadings (i.e. DFC-20). Meanwhile, the Carreau-Yasuda model was found to be well fitted with the experimental data.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Date palm fiber industry'

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