Academic literature on the topic 'Daveyton (South Africa)'

M.A.
Urbanization is a common feature worldwide and is even more prevalent in modern societies. This has brought tremendous changes to all known social structures. Third world countries, including South Africa, usually lack the capacity to effectively accommodate the influx from rural areas. A shortage of houses is the main reason for informal settlements being erected on the outskirts of these cities. Informal settlements are expanding almost daily. This can either be contributed to the insufficient infrastructures provided by third world cities or the influx of people from surrounding areas. There is a definite difference between the problems experienced by people living within the formal and informal parts of a city. The different type of problems experience by people living in different type of settlements has a direct influence on the survival of households in different settlements. Although previous studies have been conducted to determine the household structures in informal settlements, none have helped to give an understanding of the survival methods used by these settlements. Knowledge of their survival methods is needed to help support and develop these settlements. This study is therefore aimed at determining how these mostly unemployed and homeless people survive, considering their limited resources. A qualitative study was conducted, in the form of unstructured interviews, with the heads of twenty one households in Mandela informal settlement near Daveyton. Only twenty of the interviews were used for the purpose of this study. The main areas of investigation were: the biographical information of the households to determine whether different survival skills are used by certain household types, means to earn an income, the problems experienced with domestic services, and how different households solve these problems. In this study no indication could be found that there are links between the household structure, survival methods and problem solving skills of different households in the Mandela area. The normal household structures, such as nuclear family, single- and extended households, were found in Mandela. In this sample, most nuclear families consist of between two and six family members. Amount the respondents most working members of these households are employed in the informal sector. The respondents income range from 8500.00 to 81000.00 monthly. In this study is was found that households with no income rely heavily on family and friends for support. Most households in this study have running water, electricity, removal of refuse and sewerage systems in place. Most of the respondents in this study believe that these services are commodities. Except for their complaint about the costs involved, the respondents have no problems with the services. Households in study seem to have adapted to their circumstances and cope without amenities though people living in formal settlements would not. This, however, does not mean that they do not have the need for these services. After the study was conducted to find out whether the household that were interviewed in this study, use different type of strategies to survive in Mandela the findings indicated that there are perhaps no clear-cut survival strategies between different household types. Therefore the researcher argued that, perhaps living in an informal settlement is in itself a strategy of survival. This, however, needs to be further investigated.

A research report submitted to the Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of the Witwatersrand, in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Urban Design
ABSTRACT In township environments where pedestrian activity occurs out of necessity; and public transport prevails - the main street becomes a magnet for mobility, social encounters and economic exchange. It is the path that connects the settlement to the whole; it disperses and draws in; it collects and connects. It is the image of the township. Streets play an important role within townships as the primary form of public urban space. It is within these spaces that the residents make their own opportunities for a better quality of life. (Jacobs, 1993) explained that by designing the streets, one has largely designed the city.
EM2017

M.Ed. (Curriculum studies)
The purpose of this study is primarily to establish whether or not the curriculum objectives of the primary schools in Davey ton are worthwhile. This study is prompted by the observation that pupils in Davey ton are reluctant to school and that they fail their examinations in area numbers. The rationale in this study is that learners become demotivated if they find the teaching learning activities incomprehensible or leaning less to them, that is, if they fail to interpret the learning experiences. In order to be meaningful and worthwhile, curriculum objectives (thus, the curriculum) must help people to meet their significant needs, such as helpin2 them to solve their social and economic problems, helping them to discover their potentials, helping them to find meaning in their life world, to pursue their goals, to lead a meaningful life and to survive. In short, to be relevant, curriculum objectives (thus the curriculum itself) must address the needs of the society wherein the schools operate. In evaluating the curriculum objectives, situation-analysis was conducted in order to find out what the community needs are. A random sampling of pupils, teachers, parents and some members of the community was done. Interviews were conducted. Pupils and teachers were asked to complete questionnaires. The results of the study indicated that the home and the school appear to be two different and incompatible worlds to the child's experience. What the child learns at school has no bearing~ to what the child experiences in the community or in real life. Learners seem to be unable to reconcile school learning with their practical daily experiences. The knowledge pupils gain from schools cannot help them to solve their social and economic problems. The learning in the schools is academically biased. Career education or vocational training is non-existent. Schools and parents do not co-operate. The most significant findings of this study is that the curriculum objectives of these schools do not address the needs of the community, and this casts's shadow of doubt whether pupils can really be motivated in pursuing studies wherein they find no solutions to the problems that beset them in their social, community or family lives. In the final chapter, recommendations are made on how to improve the curriculum objectives and how to make teaching learning activities in these schools meaningful and worthwhile.

M.Ed. (Educational Management)
The school is an educational institution that has been established in order to facilitate education. Prior to the establishment of schools, education was the responsibility of the parents and the community. Schools therefore came into existence when it was realised that parents could no longer cope with the specialised skill of transferring the increased knowledge necessary for the cognitive development of the child (Stone, 1988:22). The school is a means of handing down norms and a philosophy of life and is also an agent of the redevelopment and renewal of society (Stone, 1988: 18). Education is an existential necessity which is aimed at leading the child from nonadulthood to adulthood. Education which is a means to maturity formally takes place at a school. Therefore a school is seen as an institution for initiation of the development towards adulthood (Stone, 1988: 17). For the school to attain this objective, it has to consider the total person of the child, that is, a holistic approach towards education has to be adopted. Education has to transmit culture to the pupils in the service of the community from which it springs (Castelyn, 1985:49). Through the medium of its teaching, the school should educate the child to enable him to assume his role in civilized society as a mature adult. This can be achieved through the selection, ordering and presentation of subject matter in such a manner that the children acquire knowledge and skills that can be used to ensure a meaningful existence (HSRC, 1981a:11)...

M.Ed. (Curriculum Studies)
The teaching and learning of Afrikaans is shrouded in controversy (1976, Rand Daily Mail, May 6, p.12). Some will ascribe all the tension, riots and demonstrations to this one factor, namely Afrikaans as a curriculum subject, or formerly Afrikaans as medium of instruction (World, 1976). An objective view of this whole issue is, however, essential in order to come to the real position of Afrikaans as a curriculum subject. In order to this, the problem must be outlined clearly and the parameters drawn. Also the problem should be analysed so that the factors underlying the problem become clear. Only in this manner can the real issues underlying the problem be addressed, that is factors militating against the effective and successful teaching and learning of Afrikaans as a school subject...

D.Litt. et Phil.
The purpose of the study is to analyse the development of informal settlements in South Africa, with particular reference to the role of the Government in the improvement of informal settlement conditions around Daveyton, especially at the Etwatwa informal settlement. Research has shown that there is common experience in developing countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America in as far as the development of squatter settlements or informal settlements are concerned. This strongly reflects on the South African experience. The common feature and experience is that informal settlements are the result of urbanization, which is a world-wide phenomenon. Research in countries has shown that migration to cities is based on people's expectation of a better quality of life in urban areas. The expectations lead people to migrate even when they know that they will be unemployed and would have to live in squatter areas for some time. The decision to migrate is based among other reasons on rational economic grounds. It depended on migration cost, the perceptions and prospects of finding a job, and wage differentials between urban and rural areas. Urban incomes were practically always higher than rural ones and migrants to cities generally seemed to do relatively well in acquiring jobs and improving their standard of living. Most of these activities are performed in informal settlements. Like in all developing countries, South Africa is no exception when it comes to the origin and development of squatter or informal settlements. The most common reasons are that people in their quest for a better life in urban areas end up living in informal settlements because they cannot find suitable accommodation. The rapid population growth in developing countries, for example in countries such as South Africa, has resulted in huge housing backlogs. This led to the mushrooming of informal settlements around cities, towns and townships, of people waiting for adequate housing for their families. In Daveyton specifically, the housing backlog in the late 1970s resulted in the emergence of backyard shacks, erected by people who were either residents of Daveyton, because of natural increase of the population, or people from neighbouring townships or rural areas. The study of Daveyton has showed that because of forceful invasion of land by people who did not have accommodation, Daveyton experienced a mushrooming of informal settlements from 1987. In 1987 the Daveyton City Council accepted in principle that squatting was a legitimate means for homeless people to provide shelter for their families and therefore established a site-and-service scheme at Etwatwa, a new section of the township, to accommodate the homeless and lower income families. For service provision the local government divided Etwatwa into two sections, Etwatwa West and Etwatwa East. Every household at Etwatwa West was provided with water and sewerage services, but at Etwatwa East only rudimentary services were provided. With the passage of time the local government tried to integrate the inhabitants of Etwatwa into an urban environment, through the provision of essential service such as water, roads, electricity and sewerage, and amenities such as community and social centres, recreational facilities, creches, schools, churches and clinics. The provision of services depend largely on the availability of funds, through rent payments, loans and funds allocated by the Provincial and National Governments.

A research report submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Medicine in Family Medicine (M. Med in Fam. Med)
Introduction: Major depression disorder (MDD) is a disabling disease, if diagnosed and treated in time its course can be changed and the patient’s quality of life can be restored. To our knowledge, no research has been conducted in primary care in Daveyton, South Africa to assess the profile of patients living with this disease. Against this background, this study aimed to assess factors associated with MDD among adult patients attending the Daveyton Main Clinic in Ekurhuleni in South Africa. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 278 participants aged 18 and above. A patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) including socio-demographic questions was used to gather participants’ information. The variables measured were: MDD prevalence, socio-demographics (age, gender, level of education, marital status, and employment status) of respondents who met diagnostic criteria for MDD, and participants’ co-morbid medical chronic conditions. Data capture was done using Excel, and analysis was done using the Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 13. Demographic factors of participants are described in pie chart format, except for age, which is described in a table format with mean and standard deviation. Secondly, co-morbid medical conditions are described in table format. The association of MDD and the participants’ measured variable was examined using cross-tabulation, and it was tested using the chi-square test of independency. Results: The prevalence of MDD was 23%. The socio-demographic assessment revealed that: 22% of male were depressed versus 23.4% of female (p-value=0.8); 24.5% of single participants versus 18.9% of married participants (p-value=0.07); 10.5% of respondents without formal schooling, 29.4% of primary school educated respondents, 20.9% of high school educated respondents, and 34.2% of college graduates were depressed (p-value=0.1); 15.5% of employed participants versus 27.4% of unemployed participants were depressed (p-value= 0.02); and 14.7% of participants living with chronic co-morbid medical conditions were depressed (p-value=0.00). Conclusion: MDD was common in Daveyton Main Clinic. Patients living with chronic co-morbid diseases and those who were unemployed were more likely to have MDD. Health care workers must routinely carry out active screening for MDD in primary care patients.
MT2016

A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Arts, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy. Johannesburg, 2001
The overarching theme of the thesis is the urban ‘racial’ restructuring of the East Rand during the first twenty-five years of apartheid. The thesis examines the adoption and implementation of apartheid state’s social engineering strategy, especially its strict racial segregation of the urban areas. In this context, the creation o f ‘modern’ African townships and group areas is emphasised. The thesis focuses attention on the implementation of urban apartheid in Benoni, particularly the establishment of the ‘model’ township, Daveyton. Benoni’s experiences in implementing apartheid policies are compared to that of its municipal neighbours. The thesis contends that local authorities were important role players in the implementation of apartheid. Thus, the ways in which the changing relations between the local and central tiers of the state influenced the making of apartheid at regional and local levels are foregrounded throughout this study. The impact of apartheid policies on the ‘multi-racial’ populations of the urban ‘black spots’ and their responses to these policies are primary concerns in the narrative provided here. The diverse reactions of people affected by forced removals - from acquiescence to militant resistance - in the 1950s and 1960s are analysed. A central focus of this study is the making of apartheid in the 1960s, the so-called golden age of apartheid. Finally, the thesis discusses the introduction and effects o f ‘separate development’ and ‘community development’ as principal interventions by the state to politicise ethnicity and ‘race’ during the period of ‘high apartheid’.
WS2017

M.Ed.
After the introduction of new educational laws and policies in the education system, Outcomes-Based Education was introduced with the aim of producing quality education in South Africa. All educators consequently needed training in the new system of education. The National Department of Education provided training for educators as regarding the methods of teaching and assessment of learner performance using Outcomes-Based Assessment (OBA). However, this training was not sufficient to equip educators with knowledge and skills to assess learner performance effectively. The school assessment teams and school management teams also lacked the knowledge and skills to develop and empower educators to implement OBA successfully. The key research question for this study therefore asks, “What are the reasons that cause ineffectiveness in the implementation of Outcomes-Based Assessment in schools?” The aim of the current study is likewise to investigate the effectiveness of training educators in learner assessment using OBA. The objectives are to provide a clear understanding of OBA, to identify the problems experienced by educators in performing assessment, to determine whether the latter understand the difference between OBA and the assessment of the past and to improve the assessment strategies and methods used by the educators in implementing OBA in Daveyton primary schools. The literature review has revealed that educators can be equipped with knowledge and skills for assessing learner performance effectively. This study employs the qualitative research methodology. All data is collected in the form of participants’ words. Participants were selected by means of purposive sampling. The findings from the responses of the participants indicate that educators lack knowledge of how to conducting OBA effectively. The findings also indicate that there is a need for continuous training and development to empower educators.

M.Ed. (Mathematics)
The rising of the problem whether competency based education (CBE) programs produce better results than conventional edu - cational report. methods has been investigated and discussed in this A comprehensive literature study indicated that the upholders of the CBE program advocated beter results than the conventional educational methods. Research showed positive results. An empirical research on the micro-level was launched to de - termine whether this was the case or not. The procedure was to use a group N1-students, at a technical college of the Department of Education and Training, who were not familiar with the N1-Mathematics syllabus. An experimental group as well as a control group was selected at random. The experimental group was subjected to the CBEmethod and the control group to the conventional method of teaching of N-Mathematics. Prior to the research both groups were subjected to a standard N1-Mathematics test without preparation. These results were used for the pretest. The national N1-Mathematics examination was used for the post test, after completion of the course. The pretest results were compared to determine whether there was a significant difference in the level of the foreknowledge of the two groups...