Academic literature on the topic 'Dazomet'
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Journal articles on the topic "Dazomet"
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Landschoot, Peter J., Bradley S. Park, Andrew S. McNitt, and Michael A. Fidanza. "Effect of Dazomet on Annual Bluegrass Emergence and Creeping Bentgrass Establishment in Putting Green Turf." HortScience 39, no. 6 (October 2004): 1478–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.6.1478.
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Fumigation of annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.)-infested putting greens before seeding creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) prevents stand contamination due to annual bluegrass seedling emergence. Dazomet is a soil fumigant labeled for use in putting green renovation; however, limited data are available on efficacy of dazomet controlling annual bluegrass seedling emergence following surface-applications. The objectives of this study were to determine the influence of rate and plastic covering of surface-applied dazomet on annual bluegrass seedling emergence in putting green turf; and safe creeping bentgrass seeding intervals following applications of dazomet to putting green surfaces. Treatments were applied in late summer to the surface of a 20-year-old stand of turf maintained as a putting green and plots were watered immediately after application and throughout each test period. Plastic-covered dazomet treatments had fewer annual bluegrass seedlings than noncovered dazomet treatments. Three plastic-covered dazomet treatments (291, 340, and 388 kg·ha-1) provided complete control of annual bluegrass seedlings during 2000 and 2001. None of the noncovered dazomet treatments provided complete control of annual bluegrass seedling emergence. Results of the seeding interval experiment revealed that creeping bentgrass seedling development was not inhibited in both plastic-covered and noncovered dazomet treatments, when seeded 8, 10, 13, and 16 d after dazomet was applied to the turf surface. Results of this study demonstrate that dazomet, applied at rates ≥291 kg·ha-1 to the surface of a putting green in summer and covered with plastic for 7 d, can control annual bluegrass seedling emergence. Chemical name used: tetrahydro-3,5-dimethyl-2H-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione (dazomet).
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Doroh, Mark C., J. Scott McElroy, Edzard Van Santen, and Robert H. Walker. "Conversion of ‘Tifway’ Bermudagrass Stands to ‘Zorro’ Zoysiagrass Turf using Combinations of Dazomet and EPTC." Weed Technology 25, no. 4 (December 2011): 631–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-11-00038.1.
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Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of herbicides and soil sterilants for the fairway conversion of ‘Tifway’ bermudagrass to ‘Zorro’ zoysiagrass. Treatments included glyphosate (4.48 kg ae ha−1), EPTC (7.84 kg ai ha−1), dazomet (338 kg ai ha−1), siduron (13.4 kg ai ha−1), glyphosate plus ETPC (4.48 + 7.84 kg ha−1), glyphosate plus dazomet (4.48 + 338 kg ha−1), EPTC plus siduron (7.84 + 13.4 kg ha−1), and dazomet plus siduron (338 + 13.4 kg ha−1). Glyphosate treatments were applied 5 wk prior to establishment (WPE), dazomet and EPTC treatments were applied 3 WPE, and siduron was applied at establishment. Dazomet and EPTC treatments were incorporated to a depth of 10 to 15 cm with a rotary tiller and rolled with a weighted roller to reduce losses from volatilization after application. Zorro zoysiagrass was established in June 2008 and 2009 using a mixture of rhizomes and stolons at a rate of 76 cm3m−2. Results indicate that glyphosate + dazomet, glyphosate + EPTC, dazomet + siduron, and EPTC + siduron were equally effective at controlling Tifway bermudagrass. EPTC and dazomet controlled bermudagrass more effectively when used in combination with glyphosate or siduron. There were no significant differences in bermudagrass cover between the EPTC combinations with glyphosate or siduron and dazomet applied with glyphosate or siduron. Comparing EPTC- and dazomet-alone, EPTC yielded less bermudagrass cover (32%) than dazomet (71%). At present, research is limited on using EPTC for controlling perennial grasses in turfgrass systems. Data from these studies demonstrate the potential use of EPTC as a preplant soil herbicide to control hybrid bermudagrass during zoysiagrass renovation.
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Branham, Bruce E., Glenn A. Hardebeck, Joseph W. Meyer, and Zachary J. Reicher. "Turfgrass Renovation Using Dazomet to Control the Poa annua L. Soil Seed Bank." HortScience 39, no. 7 (December 2004): 1763–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.7.1763.
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Annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) is an invasive weed producing copious amounts of viable seed that compete with seedling turfgrasses during renovation. These field studies were conducted to determine the effectiveness of dazomet (tetrahydro-3,5-dimethyl-2H-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione), a granular soil sterilant that breaks down in soil to release methyl isothiocyanate (MITC), for controlling the soil seed bank of annual bluegrass during turfgrass renovation. Field trials in Urbana, Ill., and West Lafayette, Ind., in Spring and Fall 2000 and 2001 evaluated dazomet rate from 0 to 504 kg·ha-1 and soil preparation techniques to determine the most effective practices to reduce annual bluegrass reestablishment into a creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) seeding. The interval, in days, between dazomet application and creeping bentgrass planting was also examined to determine the optimal seeding time as measured by the level of annual bluegrass reestablishment. Spring trials generally gave poor results that were attributed to windy conditions resulting in rapid loss of MITC. The annual bluegrass soil seed bank was reduced 46% in spring trials compared to 78% in fall trials. Increasing dazomet rates reduced the absolute number of viable annual bluegrass seeds remaining in the soil. However, significant quantities of viable seed remained, regardless of dazomet rate. Annual bluegrass infested the renovated turf in all trials to varying degrees. Dazomet rates of 420 or 504 kg·ha-1 yielded the lowest rates of annual bluegrass reestablishment. Trials conducted in the fall at these rates resulted in annual bluegrass cover of 1% to 20% in the resulting turf. Creeping bentgrass planted at 1 day after dazomet application had significantly less annual bluegrass than when seeded at 7 or 9 days after dazomet application. Dazomet is a tool that can help reestablish a new turf with lower levels of annual bluegrass. However, eradication of annual bluegrass with dazomet is not likely and environmental conditions will dramatically affect the success of the sterilization.
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Porter, IJ, PR Merriman, and PJ Keane. "Soil solarisation combined with low rates of soil fumigants controls clubroot of cauliflowers, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae Woron." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 31, no. 6 (1991): 843. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9910843.
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The effect of solarisation combined with low rates of soil fumigants on the severity of clubroot and yield of cauliflowers was determined at 2 locations in southern Victoria. The effectiveness of treatments was shown to be dependent on location; on the type, water content and temperature of soil; and on the population density of Plasmodiophora brassicae. Yields were reduced depending upon the disease severity, usually within 60 days after transplanting. Propagules of P. brassicae could survive for more than 28 days in ovens at 45�C when in dry soil but died within 14 days at 40�C in moist soil. At Werribee in 1985 on a red brown earth, solarisation combined with dazomet (100 kg dazomet/ha) gave significantly better control than either treatment alone. This treatment reduced P. brassicae in the 0-10 cm layer, reduced the disease rating from 2.7 to 0.9 (0-3), and increased yield from 2.4 to 47 t/ha compared with controls. In 1986, solarisation combined with 98% methyl bromide-2% chloropicrin (100 and 250 kg/ha) reduced the population density of P. brassicae in the 0-10 and 10-20 cm layers of soil, reduced the disease rating from 3 to 1.8, and increased yield from 0 to 22 t/ha. These treatments were more effective than solarisation and dazomet used alone or in combination. At Keysborough in 1985 on a grey sand, separate treatments of solarisation or dazomet (100 and 250 kg dazometha) were as effective as combined treatments and significantly reduced disease and increased yields compared to controls. Solarisation combined with either fumigant significantly reduced the distribution and total number of weeds at all sites and was generally more effective than separate treatments.
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Bearss, Ryan C., John N. Rogers, James R. Crum, and Charles A. Silcox. "Fairway Renovation with Fraise Mowing Cultivation and Dazomet Fumigation." HortScience 55, no. 8 (August 2020): 1222–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci15164-20.
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Renovation is an opportune time for golf courses to address annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) weed populations. Dazomet (tetrahydro-3,5-dimethyl-2H-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione) is an effective fumigant, but without a tarp cover, it is only effective at the highest labeled rates. Fraise mowing cultivation could be used to help remove surface material and allow practitioners to effectively fumigate at lower rates. In Summer 2018 and Summer 2019, two cool-season fairway renovation experiments were conducted in East Lansing, MI. The objective of these experiments was to assess annual bluegrass control and creeping bentgrass establishment following dazomet applications to fraise mowed surfaces. In the first experiment (fraise mowing surface disturbance experiment), dazomet was applied at a fixed rate (294 kg·ha−1) to fraise mowed plots at varying levels of surface disturbance (0%, 15%, 50%, and 100%) to a depth of 1.9 cm. In the second experiment (dazomet rate experiment), fraise mowing removed 100% of surface material at a depth of 1.9 cm and dazomet was applied at five rates (0, 294, 588, 147 + 147, and 294 + 294 kg·ha−1). Both experiments were conducted on two soils (sand topdressed vs. native) and evaluated two methods of fumigant incorporation (solid-tine cultivation vs. tillage). Five days after treatments were applied, plots were seeded with ‘Pure Select’ creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.). The level of fraise mowing surface disturbance had no effect on annual bluegrass emergence, and creeping bentgrass cover was poorest in native soils at the highest levels of surface disturbance. In the dazomet rate experiment, dazomet applied twice at 294 kg·ha−1 provided the most consistent control of annual bluegrass. With the exception to single applications of 294 in 2018, all dazomet treatments allowed for greater creeping bentgrass establishment than the nontreated control. Fraise mowing cultivation may simplify the removal of surface material from large areas; however, even when combined with dazomet applied at the highest rates, it fails to provide complete annual bluegrass control.
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Fraedrich, Stephen W., and L. David Dwinell. "An Evaluation of Dazomet Incorporation Methods on Soilborne Organisms and Pine Seedling Production in Southern Nurseries." Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 27, no. 1 (February 1, 2003): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sjaf/27.1.41.
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Abstract The use of dazomet as a fall and spring fumigant for pine seedling production and control of soilborne pests was evaluated at two southern nurseries. Dazomet was applied at low (280–325 kg/ha) and high (493–560 kg/ha) rates and incorporated with a rototiller or spading machine. Comparisons were made with methyl bromide/chloropicrin (MBC) fumigation and nonfumigated control treatments. Dazomet incorporation method had no effect on seedling density at either nursery, and often did not affect seedling morphological characteristics. At the Georgia (GA) nursery, seedling density and morphological characteristics did not differ among fumigant treatments except in the spring study area where shoot weight was greater in the MBC treatment than the dazomet or nonfumigated control treatments. In the fall study area at the North Carolina (NC) nursery, seedling density was greater in the high-rate dazomet treatment than the nonfumigated control. Seedlings were generally larger in MBC and dazomet treatments than the control. Seedling density and morphological characteristics did not differ among fumigation treatments in the spring study area. Fumigation with MBC or dazomet generally reduced the percentage of roots withPythium andFusarium spp. compared to controls at the GA nursery and the fall fumigation area in the NC nursery. Plant parasitic nematodes were found infrequently at both nurseries and did not differ among treatments. Nutsedge (Cyperus spp.) was the major problem at the GA nursery and was effectively controlled only with MBC. Compared to the MBC treatment, the abundance of soilborne fungi and the association of certain types ofTrichoderma with roots was often lower in the dazomet treatments. The importance of these differences for long term seedling production and management of soilborne diseases is not known at this time. South. J. Appl. For. 27(1):41–51.
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Tian, Tian, Shi-Dong Li, and Man-Hong Sun. "Synergistic Effect of Dazomet Soil Fumigation and Clonostachys rosea Against Cucumber Fusarium Wilt." Phytopathology® 104, no. 12 (December 2014): 1314–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-11-13-0297-r.
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Soil fumigation and biological control are two control measures frequently used against soilborne diseases. In this study, the chemical fumigant dazomet was applied in combination with the biocontrol agent (BCA) Clonostachys rosea 67-1 to combat cucumber wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum KW2-1. When the mycoparasite C. rosea 67-1 was applied after dazomet fumigation, disease control reached 100%, compared with 88.1 and 69.8% for dazomet and 67-1 agent, respectively, applied alone, indicating a synergistic effect of dazomet and C. rosea in combating cucumber Fusarium wilt based on analysis of Bliss Independence. To understand the synergistic mechanism, the effects of chemical fumigation on the colonization potential and activity of F. oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum, and the interaction between the BCA and the pathogen were investigated. The results showed that growth of the pathogen decreased with increasing dazomet concentration subsequent to fumigation. When exposed to dazomet at 100 ppm, the fungal sporulation rate decreased by 94.4%. Severe damage was observed in fumigated isolates using scanning electron microscopy. In the greenhouse, disease incidence of cucumber caused by fumigated F. oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum significantly decreased. Whereas germination of C. rosea 67-1 spores increased by >sixfold in fumigated soil, and its ability to parasitize fumigated F. oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum significantly increased (P = 0.014).
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Journal, Baghdad Science. "Degradation of Dazomet by Thermal Fenton and Photo-Fenton Processes under UV and Sun lights at Different Temperatures." Baghdad Science Journal 15, no. 2 (June 3, 2018): 158–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.15.2.158-168.
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In this research, the degradation of Dazomet has been studied by using thermal Fenton process and photo-Fenton processes under UV and lights sun. The optimum values of amounts of the Fenton reagents have been determined (0.07g FeSO4 .7H2O, 3.5µl H2O2) at 25 °C and at pH 7 where the degradation percentages of Dazomet were recorded high. It has been found that solar photo Fenton process was more effective in degradation of Dazomet than photo-Fenton under UV-light and thermal Fenton processes, the percentage of degradation of Dazomet by photo-Fenton under sun light are 88% and 100% at 249 nm and 281 nm respectively, while the percentages of degradation for photo-Fenton under UV-light are 87%, 96% and for thermal Fenton are 70% and 66.8% at 249 nm and 281 nm respectively. In this research the effect of temperature on all the reactions has been studied in the range 25°C-45°C, it has been noticed that the reaction rate constant (k) has increased with increasing temperature, and the best percentage degradation of Dazomet was at 45°C in all processes, so, the thermodynamic functions ?G*, ?H*, ?S* have been calculated
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Fraedrich, Stephen W., and L. David Dwinell. "Effects of Dazomet, Metam Sodium, and Oxamyl on Longidorus Populations and Loblolly Pine Seedling Production." Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 29, no. 3 (August 1, 2005): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sjaf/29.3.117.
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Abstract Dazomet, metam sodium, and oxamyl were evaluated for nematode control and production of loblolly pine seedlings in a field infested by a Longidorus sp. Fumigation with dazomet or metam sodium reduced population densities of Longidorus to nondetectable levels early in the growing season but population densities subsequently increased to levels found in untreated control plots by the end of the growing season. Oxamyl had no effect on Longidorus population densities. Seedlings in dazomet-treated plots had significantly greater root and shoot weights than seedlings in control and oxamyl-treated plots within 6 weeks of seed sowing. At the end of the growing season, seedlings in the control and oxamyl plots were very stunted with poorly developed root systems. Seedling shoot length and root collar diameter in dazomet-treated plots averaged 27.4 cm and 4.0 mm, respectively, but in nonfumigated control plots these variables averaged 10.5 and 2.5 mm, respectively. Although dazomet and metam sodium were effective in reducing Longidorus populations for the first seedling crop after fumigation, production of a second crop without additional treatment would be inadvisable based on the increased population of Longidorus by the end of the first growing season. South. J. Appl. For. 29(3):117–122.
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Kabir, Zahangir, Steven A. Fennimore, John M. Duniway, Frank N. Martin, Gregory T. Browne, Christopher Q. Winterbottom, Husein A. Ajwa, Becky B. Westerdahl, Rachael E. Goodhue, and Milton J. Haar. "Alternatives to Methyl Bromide for Strawberry Runner Plant Production." HortScience 40, no. 6 (October 2005): 1709–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.6.1709.
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For years, strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa L.) runner plant nurseries have relied on methyl bromide (MB) fumigation of soil to produce healthy transplants. Methyl bromide, however, has been phased out due to its environmental risks. The potential for alternative fumigants to replace MB was evaluated at low and high elevation strawberry nurseries in California. The alternative fumigant iodomethane plus chloropicrin (IMPic) and a nonfumigated control (NF) were compared to methyl bromide plus chloropicrin (MBPic) at a low elevation nursery (LEN) and at a high elevation nursery (HEN) near Susanville, Calif. At a HEN near Macdoel, Calif., MBPic was compared to alternative fumigants IMPic, 1,3-dichloropropene plus chloropicrin mixture (Telone C35) followed by dazomet, chloropicrin (Pic) followed by dazomet and NF. Plants produced at the LEN were transplanted at the Macdoel HEN to measure the effects of soil fumigant history on plant health and runner plant production. Plants produced at both high elevation nurseries were evaluated for fruit yield and quality at two commercial fruit production sites in soils previously fumigated with MBPic or Pic. Runner plant production at the nurseries was similar in plots fumigated with either MBPic or alternative fumigants. All fumigation treatments had higher runner plant production than plants produced for two production cycles on NF soils. Generally, fruit yields from nursery plants produced on soils fumigated with IMPic, Pic followed by dazomet, or Telone C35 followed by dazomet, were similar to fruit yields from plants produced on MBPic fumigated soils. Overall, our results indicate that preplant soil treatments with IMPic, Pic followed by dazomet, and Telone C35 followed by dazomet, are potential alternatives to MBPic fumigation for strawberry runner plant nurseries. Fruit yields by plants in MBPic and Pic fumigated soils were comparable; however, they were more variable in Pic fumigated soils. Chemical names used: 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D), methyl bromide, methyl iodide (iodomethane), trichloronitromethane (chloropicrin), tetrahydro-3, 5-dimethyl-2 H-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione (dazomet).
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Dazomet"
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Formica, Pietro Tindaro. "Molecular characterization of Rhizoctonia spp. isolates and sustainable approaches to control Rhizoctonia diseases in ornamental nursery." Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/3873.
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Eighty-eight Rhizoctonia isolates were recovered from 30 ornamental species grown in nurseries in Sicily and their anastomosis group (AG) and subgroups were determined. Fifty-six isolates belong to binucleate Rhizoctonia BNR and 32 were multinucleate and identified as R. solani. The binucleate AG most frequently found in this survey was AG-R which has not been reported until now in Italy. Overall, disease data surveys correspond to the first reports of diseases caused by binucleate Rhizoctonia AG-A, AG-G, and R. solani AG-4 on Citrus volkameriana, Citrus sinensis × Poncirus trifoliata (Citrange), Trachycarpus fortunei, Arbutus unedo, Thevetia peruviana Bignonia sp., Carissa spp., Catharanthus roseus, Eugenia sp., Quercus ilex, Phyllirea angustifolia and Pittosporum tobira.
The high frequency and disease incidence detected through surveys in ornamental nurseries located in Sicily clearly show as this fungus represents a serious threat for ornamental plant production. Based on these considerations, the research topics of this PhD thesis was focused to develop an effective integrated control program in controlling both Rhizoctonia infections in nursery and in suppressing and/or strongly reducing of resting structures (sclerotia) into soil.
Therefore, following an in vitro screening of some BCAs effective against R. solani (AG-4 group) and Rhizoctonia BNR (AG-A, AG-G and AG-F groups), the consequent step was the efficacy evaluation of 6 commercial fungicides and 8 microbiological formulates under controlled environment (microcosms) for the control of Rhizoctonia crown and root rot. To this aim, a plant host-pathogen model was successfully set up by using Dodonea viscosa. Overall, these data clearly indicate that only tolclofos-methyl can be employed for chemical management of Rhizoctonia infections, although encouraging results were found for other fungicides. Regarding the valid measures to suppress pathogen inoculum, the efficacy of some fumigants was tested at label and sub label rates in 5 nursery experiments under different applicative conditions. Interesting data in suppressing Rhizoctonia survival were obtained even though in plots fumigated with low rates (up to 5-fold reduced) of dazomet and metham sodium, whereas viable Trichoderma colonies were almost always retrieved. However, TIF barrier has averagely enhanced retention fumigants capacity if compared to VIF, thus significantly increasing their efficacy in suppressing fungal inocula and viability of Trichoderma spp. Further experiments, performed to evaluate efficacy of a new fumigant (DMDS) in controlling Rhizoctonia inocula in cultivation substrates, clearly show as it could be supported as a valid alternative to standard fumigants, although it was actually registered against Meloydogine spp., Heterodera spp., Globodera spp and Pratylenchus spp. nematodes. Comprehensively, the present PhD thesis provides useful information about diffusion and control of Rhizoctonia disease on ornamental nurseries.
Books on the topic "Dazomet"
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James, Robert L. An evaluation of the effects of dazomet on soil-borne diseases and conifer seedling production: USDA Forest Service Lucky Peak Nursery, Boise, Idaho. Missoula, MT: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Region, 1999.
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James, Robert L. Effects of spring applications of dazomet on root diseases and performance of Douglas-fir and western white pine transplants, USDA Forest Service Nursery, Coeur d'Alene, Idaho. Missoula, MT: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Region, 2002.
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Nitrile oxides, nitrones, and nitronates in organic synthesis: Novel strategies in synthesis. New York, N.Y: VCH Publishers, 1988.
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Hildebrand, D. M. Evaluation of methyl bromide, Basamid granular, and solar heating for pre-planting pest control for fall-sown eastern redcedar at Bessey Nursery. 1988.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Dazomet"
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Unger, Thomas A. "Dazomet." In Pesticide Synthesis Handbook, 612. Elsevier, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-081551401-5.50473-1.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Dazomet"
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Marrugo Hernandez, J. J., R. Prinsloo, and R. Marriott. "Downhole Decomposition of Biocide Dazomet and Implications in the Delayed Onset of Hydrogen Sulfide in Hot Shale Gas Production." In First EAGE/IFPEN Conference on Sulfur Risk Management in Exploration and Production. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201802760.
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