Journal articles: 'Dazomet'

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Landschoot, Peter J., Bradley S. Park, Andrew S. McNitt, and Michael A. Fidanza. "Effect of Dazomet on Annual Bluegrass Emergence and Creeping Bentgrass Establishment in Putting Green Turf." HortScience 39, no. 6 (October 2004): 1478–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.6.1478.

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Fumigation of annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.)-infested putting greens before seeding creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) prevents stand contamination due to annual bluegrass seedling emergence. Dazomet is a soil fumigant labeled for use in putting green renovation; however, limited data are available on efficacy of dazomet controlling annual bluegrass seedling emergence following surface-applications. The objectives of this study were to determine the influence of rate and plastic covering of surface-applied dazomet on annual bluegrass seedling emergence in putting green turf; and safe creeping bentgrass seeding intervals following applications of dazomet to putting green surfaces. Treatments were applied in late summer to the surface of a 20-year-old stand of turf maintained as a putting green and plots were watered immediately after application and throughout each test period. Plastic-covered dazomet treatments had fewer annual bluegrass seedlings than noncovered dazomet treatments. Three plastic-covered dazomet treatments (291, 340, and 388 kg·ha-1) provided complete control of annual bluegrass seedlings during 2000 and 2001. None of the noncovered dazomet treatments provided complete control of annual bluegrass seedling emergence. Results of the seeding interval experiment revealed that creeping bentgrass seedling development was not inhibited in both plastic-covered and noncovered dazomet treatments, when seeded 8, 10, 13, and 16 d after dazomet was applied to the turf surface. Results of this study demonstrate that dazomet, applied at rates ≥291 kg·ha-1 to the surface of a putting green in summer and covered with plastic for 7 d, can control annual bluegrass seedling emergence. Chemical name used: tetrahydro-3,5-dimethyl-2H-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione (dazomet).

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Doroh, Mark C., J. Scott McElroy, Edzard Van Santen, and Robert H. Walker. "Conversion of ‘Tifway’ Bermudagrass Stands to ‘Zorro’ Zoysiagrass Turf using Combinations of Dazomet and EPTC." Weed Technology 25, no. 4 (December 2011): 631–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-11-00038.1.

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Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of herbicides and soil sterilants for the fairway conversion of ‘Tifway’ bermudagrass to ‘Zorro’ zoysiagrass. Treatments included glyphosate (4.48 kg ae ha−1), EPTC (7.84 kg ai ha−1), dazomet (338 kg ai ha−1), siduron (13.4 kg ai ha−1), glyphosate plus ETPC (4.48 + 7.84 kg ha−1), glyphosate plus dazomet (4.48 + 338 kg ha−1), EPTC plus siduron (7.84 + 13.4 kg ha−1), and dazomet plus siduron (338 + 13.4 kg ha−1). Glyphosate treatments were applied 5 wk prior to establishment (WPE), dazomet and EPTC treatments were applied 3 WPE, and siduron was applied at establishment. Dazomet and EPTC treatments were incorporated to a depth of 10 to 15 cm with a rotary tiller and rolled with a weighted roller to reduce losses from volatilization after application. Zorro zoysiagrass was established in June 2008 and 2009 using a mixture of rhizomes and stolons at a rate of 76 cm3m−2. Results indicate that glyphosate + dazomet, glyphosate + EPTC, dazomet + siduron, and EPTC + siduron were equally effective at controlling Tifway bermudagrass. EPTC and dazomet controlled bermudagrass more effectively when used in combination with glyphosate or siduron. There were no significant differences in bermudagrass cover between the EPTC combinations with glyphosate or siduron and dazomet applied with glyphosate or siduron. Comparing EPTC- and dazomet-alone, EPTC yielded less bermudagrass cover (32%) than dazomet (71%). At present, research is limited on using EPTC for controlling perennial grasses in turfgrass systems. Data from these studies demonstrate the potential use of EPTC as a preplant soil herbicide to control hybrid bermudagrass during zoysiagrass renovation.

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Branham, Bruce E., Glenn A. Hardebeck, Joseph W. Meyer, and Zachary J. Reicher. "Turfgrass Renovation Using Dazomet to Control the Poa annua L. Soil Seed Bank." HortScience 39, no. 7 (December 2004): 1763–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.7.1763.

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Annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) is an invasive weed producing copious amounts of viable seed that compete with seedling turfgrasses during renovation. These field studies were conducted to determine the effectiveness of dazomet (tetrahydro-3,5-dimethyl-2H-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione), a granular soil sterilant that breaks down in soil to release methyl isothiocyanate (MITC), for controlling the soil seed bank of annual bluegrass during turfgrass renovation. Field trials in Urbana, Ill., and West Lafayette, Ind., in Spring and Fall 2000 and 2001 evaluated dazomet rate from 0 to 504 kg·ha-1 and soil preparation techniques to determine the most effective practices to reduce annual bluegrass reestablishment into a creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) seeding. The interval, in days, between dazomet application and creeping bentgrass planting was also examined to determine the optimal seeding time as measured by the level of annual bluegrass reestablishment. Spring trials generally gave poor results that were attributed to windy conditions resulting in rapid loss of MITC. The annual bluegrass soil seed bank was reduced 46% in spring trials compared to 78% in fall trials. Increasing dazomet rates reduced the absolute number of viable annual bluegrass seeds remaining in the soil. However, significant quantities of viable seed remained, regardless of dazomet rate. Annual bluegrass infested the renovated turf in all trials to varying degrees. Dazomet rates of 420 or 504 kg·ha-1 yielded the lowest rates of annual bluegrass reestablishment. Trials conducted in the fall at these rates resulted in annual bluegrass cover of 1% to 20% in the resulting turf. Creeping bentgrass planted at 1 day after dazomet application had significantly less annual bluegrass than when seeded at 7 or 9 days after dazomet application. Dazomet is a tool that can help reestablish a new turf with lower levels of annual bluegrass. However, eradication of annual bluegrass with dazomet is not likely and environmental conditions will dramatically affect the success of the sterilization.

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Porter, IJ, PR Merriman, and PJ Keane. "Soil solarisation combined with low rates of soil fumigants controls clubroot of cauliflowers, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae Woron." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 31, no. 6 (1991): 843. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9910843.

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The effect of solarisation combined with low rates of soil fumigants on the severity of clubroot and yield of cauliflowers was determined at 2 locations in southern Victoria. The effectiveness of treatments was shown to be dependent on location; on the type, water content and temperature of soil; and on the population density of Plasmodiophora brassicae. Yields were reduced depending upon the disease severity, usually within 60 days after transplanting. Propagules of P. brassicae could survive for more than 28 days in ovens at 45�C when in dry soil but died within 14 days at 40�C in moist soil. At Werribee in 1985 on a red brown earth, solarisation combined with dazomet (100 kg dazomet/ha) gave significantly better control than either treatment alone. This treatment reduced P. brassicae in the 0-10 cm layer, reduced the disease rating from 2.7 to 0.9 (0-3), and increased yield from 2.4 to 47 t/ha compared with controls. In 1986, solarisation combined with 98% methyl bromide-2% chloropicrin (100 and 250 kg/ha) reduced the population density of P. brassicae in the 0-10 and 10-20 cm layers of soil, reduced the disease rating from 3 to 1.8, and increased yield from 0 to 22 t/ha. These treatments were more effective than solarisation and dazomet used alone or in combination. At Keysborough in 1985 on a grey sand, separate treatments of solarisation or dazomet (100 and 250 kg dazometha) were as effective as combined treatments and significantly reduced disease and increased yields compared to controls. Solarisation combined with either fumigant significantly reduced the distribution and total number of weeds at all sites and was generally more effective than separate treatments.

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Bearss, Ryan C., John N. Rogers, James R. Crum, and Charles A. Silcox. "Fairway Renovation with Fraise Mowing Cultivation and Dazomet Fumigation." HortScience 55, no. 8 (August 2020): 1222–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci15164-20.

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Renovation is an opportune time for golf courses to address annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) weed populations. Dazomet (tetrahydro-3,5-dimethyl-2H-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione) is an effective fumigant, but without a tarp cover, it is only effective at the highest labeled rates. Fraise mowing cultivation could be used to help remove surface material and allow practitioners to effectively fumigate at lower rates. In Summer 2018 and Summer 2019, two cool-season fairway renovation experiments were conducted in East Lansing, MI. The objective of these experiments was to assess annual bluegrass control and creeping bentgrass establishment following dazomet applications to fraise mowed surfaces. In the first experiment (fraise mowing surface disturbance experiment), dazomet was applied at a fixed rate (294 kg·ha−1) to fraise mowed plots at varying levels of surface disturbance (0%, 15%, 50%, and 100%) to a depth of 1.9 cm. In the second experiment (dazomet rate experiment), fraise mowing removed 100% of surface material at a depth of 1.9 cm and dazomet was applied at five rates (0, 294, 588, 147 + 147, and 294 + 294 kg·ha−1). Both experiments were conducted on two soils (sand topdressed vs. native) and evaluated two methods of fumigant incorporation (solid-tine cultivation vs. tillage). Five days after treatments were applied, plots were seeded with ‘Pure Select’ creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.). The level of fraise mowing surface disturbance had no effect on annual bluegrass emergence, and creeping bentgrass cover was poorest in native soils at the highest levels of surface disturbance. In the dazomet rate experiment, dazomet applied twice at 294 kg·ha−1 provided the most consistent control of annual bluegrass. With the exception to single applications of 294 in 2018, all dazomet treatments allowed for greater creeping bentgrass establishment than the nontreated control. Fraise mowing cultivation may simplify the removal of surface material from large areas; however, even when combined with dazomet applied at the highest rates, it fails to provide complete annual bluegrass control.

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Fraedrich, Stephen W., and L. David Dwinell. "An Evaluation of Dazomet Incorporation Methods on Soilborne Organisms and Pine Seedling Production in Southern Nurseries." Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 27, no. 1 (February 1, 2003): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sjaf/27.1.41.

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Abstract The use of dazomet as a fall and spring fumigant for pine seedling production and control of soilborne pests was evaluated at two southern nurseries. Dazomet was applied at low (280–325 kg/ha) and high (493–560 kg/ha) rates and incorporated with a rototiller or spading machine. Comparisons were made with methyl bromide/chloropicrin (MBC) fumigation and nonfumigated control treatments. Dazomet incorporation method had no effect on seedling density at either nursery, and often did not affect seedling morphological characteristics. At the Georgia (GA) nursery, seedling density and morphological characteristics did not differ among fumigant treatments except in the spring study area where shoot weight was greater in the MBC treatment than the dazomet or nonfumigated control treatments. In the fall study area at the North Carolina (NC) nursery, seedling density was greater in the high-rate dazomet treatment than the nonfumigated control. Seedlings were generally larger in MBC and dazomet treatments than the control. Seedling density and morphological characteristics did not differ among fumigation treatments in the spring study area. Fumigation with MBC or dazomet generally reduced the percentage of roots withPythium andFusarium spp. compared to controls at the GA nursery and the fall fumigation area in the NC nursery. Plant parasitic nematodes were found infrequently at both nurseries and did not differ among treatments. Nutsedge (Cyperus spp.) was the major problem at the GA nursery and was effectively controlled only with MBC. Compared to the MBC treatment, the abundance of soilborne fungi and the association of certain types ofTrichoderma with roots was often lower in the dazomet treatments. The importance of these differences for long term seedling production and management of soilborne diseases is not known at this time. South. J. Appl. For. 27(1):41–51.

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Tian, Tian, Shi-Dong Li, and Man-Hong Sun. "Synergistic Effect of Dazomet Soil Fumigation and Clonostachys rosea Against Cucumber Fusarium Wilt." Phytopathology® 104, no. 12 (December 2014): 1314–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-11-13-0297-r.

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Soil fumigation and biological control are two control measures frequently used against soilborne diseases. In this study, the chemical fumigant dazomet was applied in combination with the biocontrol agent (BCA) Clonostachys rosea 67-1 to combat cucumber wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum KW2-1. When the mycoparasite C. rosea 67-1 was applied after dazomet fumigation, disease control reached 100%, compared with 88.1 and 69.8% for dazomet and 67-1 agent, respectively, applied alone, indicating a synergistic effect of dazomet and C. rosea in combating cucumber Fusarium wilt based on analysis of Bliss Independence. To understand the synergistic mechanism, the effects of chemical fumigation on the colonization potential and activity of F. oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum, and the interaction between the BCA and the pathogen were investigated. The results showed that growth of the pathogen decreased with increasing dazomet concentration subsequent to fumigation. When exposed to dazomet at 100 ppm, the fungal sporulation rate decreased by 94.4%. Severe damage was observed in fumigated isolates using scanning electron microscopy. In the greenhouse, disease incidence of cucumber caused by fumigated F. oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum significantly decreased. Whereas germination of C. rosea 67-1 spores increased by >sixfold in fumigated soil, and its ability to parasitize fumigated F. oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum significantly increased (P = 0.014).

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Journal, Baghdad Science. "Degradation of Dazomet by Thermal Fenton and Photo-Fenton Processes under UV and Sun lights at Different Temperatures." Baghdad Science Journal 15, no. 2 (June 3, 2018): 158–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.15.2.158-168.

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In this research, the degradation of Dazomet has been studied by using thermal Fenton process and photo-Fenton processes under UV and lights sun. The optimum values of amounts of the Fenton reagents have been determined (0.07g FeSO4 .7H2O, 3.5µl H2O2) at 25 °C and at pH 7 where the degradation percentages of Dazomet were recorded high. It has been found that solar photo Fenton process was more effective in degradation of Dazomet than photo-Fenton under UV-light and thermal Fenton processes, the percentage of degradation of Dazomet by photo-Fenton under sun light are 88% and 100% at 249 nm and 281 nm respectively, while the percentages of degradation for photo-Fenton under UV-light are 87%, 96% and for thermal Fenton are 70% and 66.8% at 249 nm and 281 nm respectively. In this research the effect of temperature on all the reactions has been studied in the range 25°C-45°C, it has been noticed that the reaction rate constant (k) has increased with increasing temperature, and the best percentage degradation of Dazomet was at 45°C in all processes, so, the thermodynamic functions ?G*, ?H*, ?S* have been calculated

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Fraedrich, Stephen W., and L. David Dwinell. "Effects of Dazomet, Metam Sodium, and Oxamyl on Longidorus Populations and Loblolly Pine Seedling Production." Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 29, no. 3 (August 1, 2005): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sjaf/29.3.117.

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Abstract Dazomet, metam sodium, and oxamyl were evaluated for nematode control and production of loblolly pine seedlings in a field infested by a Longidorus sp. Fumigation with dazomet or metam sodium reduced population densities of Longidorus to nondetectable levels early in the growing season but population densities subsequently increased to levels found in untreated control plots by the end of the growing season. Oxamyl had no effect on Longidorus population densities. Seedlings in dazomet-treated plots had significantly greater root and shoot weights than seedlings in control and oxamyl-treated plots within 6 weeks of seed sowing. At the end of the growing season, seedlings in the control and oxamyl plots were very stunted with poorly developed root systems. Seedling shoot length and root collar diameter in dazomet-treated plots averaged 27.4 cm and 4.0 mm, respectively, but in nonfumigated control plots these variables averaged 10.5 and 2.5 mm, respectively. Although dazomet and metam sodium were effective in reducing Longidorus populations for the first seedling crop after fumigation, production of a second crop without additional treatment would be inadvisable based on the increased population of Longidorus by the end of the first growing season. South. J. Appl. For. 29(3):117–122.

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Kabir, Zahangir, Steven A. Fennimore, John M. Duniway, Frank N. Martin, Gregory T. Browne, Christopher Q. Winterbottom, Husein A. Ajwa, Becky B. Westerdahl, Rachael E. Goodhue, and Milton J. Haar. "Alternatives to Methyl Bromide for Strawberry Runner Plant Production." HortScience 40, no. 6 (October 2005): 1709–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.6.1709.

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For years, strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa L.) runner plant nurseries have relied on methyl bromide (MB) fumigation of soil to produce healthy transplants. Methyl bromide, however, has been phased out due to its environmental risks. The potential for alternative fumigants to replace MB was evaluated at low and high elevation strawberry nurseries in California. The alternative fumigant iodomethane plus chloropicrin (IMPic) and a nonfumigated control (NF) were compared to methyl bromide plus chloropicrin (MBPic) at a low elevation nursery (LEN) and at a high elevation nursery (HEN) near Susanville, Calif. At a HEN near Macdoel, Calif., MBPic was compared to alternative fumigants IMPic, 1,3-dichloropropene plus chloropicrin mixture (Telone C35) followed by dazomet, chloropicrin (Pic) followed by dazomet and NF. Plants produced at the LEN were transplanted at the Macdoel HEN to measure the effects of soil fumigant history on plant health and runner plant production. Plants produced at both high elevation nurseries were evaluated for fruit yield and quality at two commercial fruit production sites in soils previously fumigated with MBPic or Pic. Runner plant production at the nurseries was similar in plots fumigated with either MBPic or alternative fumigants. All fumigation treatments had higher runner plant production than plants produced for two production cycles on NF soils. Generally, fruit yields from nursery plants produced on soils fumigated with IMPic, Pic followed by dazomet, or Telone C35 followed by dazomet, were similar to fruit yields from plants produced on MBPic fumigated soils. Overall, our results indicate that preplant soil treatments with IMPic, Pic followed by dazomet, and Telone C35 followed by dazomet, are potential alternatives to MBPic fumigation for strawberry runner plant nurseries. Fruit yields by plants in MBPic and Pic fumigated soils were comparable; however, they were more variable in Pic fumigated soils. Chemical names used: 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D), methyl bromide, methyl iodide (iodomethane), trichloronitromethane (chloropicrin), tetrahydro-3, 5-dimethyl-2 H-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione (dazomet).

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Brosnan, James T., and Gregory K. Breeden. "Surface Applications of Dazomet Provide Nonselective Control of Seashore Paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum) Turf." Weed Technology 23, no. 2 (June 2009): 270–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-08-147.1.

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Herbicide applications prior to turf renovation often fail to provide complete control of perennial warm-season turfgrass species like seashore paspalum. Surface applications of dazomet at 506 kg/ha provided > 90% POST control of ‘SeaDwarf’ seashore paspalum turf in 2008. Although applications of glyphosate at 5.6 kg/ha or fluazifop-P-butyl at 0.42 kg/ha induced significant injury, these treatments provided < 40% POST control of SeaDwarf seashore paspalum turf 10 wk after initial treatment (WAIT) in 2008. A similar response was noted following applications of glyphosate plus fluazifop-P-butyl at rates of 5.6 kg/ha and 0.42 kg/ha, respectively. POST control following applications of glyphosate at 5.6 kg/ha plus fluazifop-P-butyl at 0.42 kg/ha, prior to applying dazomet at 506 kg/ha, was not different from that which was observed following applications of dazomet alone at 506 kg/ha. These data suggest that granular applications of dazomet alone, at 506 kg/ha, can be used to provide effective control of SeaDwarf seashore paspalum prior to renovation.

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Fennimore, Steven A., Milton J. Haar, Rachael E. Goodhue, and Christopher Q. Winterbottom. "Weed Control in Strawberry Runner Plant Nurseries with Methyl Bromide Alternative Fumigants." HortScience 43, no. 5 (August 2008): 1495–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.43.5.1495.

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Methyl bromide alternative fumigants were evaluated for weed control efficacy in low- and high-elevation strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa L.) runner plant nurseries. Preplant soil fumigation treatments of methyl bromide plus chloropicrin (MBPic), iodomethane plus chloropicrin (IMPic), 1,3-dichloropropene plus chloropicrin mixture followed by (fb) dazomet, chloropicrin fb dazomet, and a nonfumigated control were evaluated at three California strawberry runner plant nurseries through two production cycles. Fumigant efficacy was measured by weed seed viability bioassays, weed density counts, and time of handweeding. Generally, all alternative fumigant treatments controlled weeds at levels comparable to MBPic. All fumigant treatments, including MBPic, killed more than 95% of common knotweed, common purslane, common chickweed, and strawberry seed. Iodomethane, chloropicrin fb dazomet, and 1,3-dichloropropene plus chloropicrin mixture fb dazomet controlled carpetweed, common lambsquarters, hairy nightshade, palmer amaranth, and prostrate spurge. Handweeding inputs for all fumigants were similar to MBPic at three of four locations. The exception was at the low-elevation nursery in 2000 where handweeding times with MBPic were lower than for IMPic. Treatment and handweeding costs were calculated. The handweeding costs for all treatments were approximately the same. However, the higher iodomethane material cost resulted in a substantially higher treatment cost.

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Maluin, Farhatun Najat, Mohd Zobir Hussein, Nor Azah Yusof, Abu Seman Idris, Leona Daniela Jeffery Daim, Murni Nazira Sarian, Nor Fadilah Rajab, Siew Ee Ling, Noramiwati Rashid, and Sharida Fakurazi. "Cytoprotection, Genoprotection, and Dermal Exposure Assessment of Chitosan-Based Agronanofungicides." Pharmaceutics 12, no. 6 (May 29, 2020): 497. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12060497.

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Health risks which result from exposure to pesticides have sparked awareness among researchers, triggering the idea of developing nanoencapsulation pesticides with the aim to enhance cytoprotection as well as genoprotection of the pesticides. In addition, nanocapsules of pesticides have slow release capability, high bioavailability, and site-specific delivery, which has attracted great interest from researchers. Hence, the objective of this work is to synthesize a nanoformulation of a fungicide of different sizes, namely, chitosan-hexaconazole nanoparticles (18 nm), chitosan-dazomet nanoparticles (7 nm), and chitosan-hexaconazole-dazomet nanoparticles (5 nm), which were then subjected to toxicological evaluations, including cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, cell death assay, and dermal irritation assays. Incubation of chitosan-based nanofungicides with V79-4 hamster lung cell did not reveal cytotoxicity or genotoxicity, potentially suggesting that encapsulation with chitosan reduces direct toxicity of the toxic fungicides. Meanwhile, pure fungicide revealed its high cytotoxic effect on V79-4 hamster lung cells. In addition, dermal exposure assessment on rabbits revealed that chitosan-hexaconazole nanoparticles are classified under corrosive subcategory 1C, while chitosan-dazomet nanoparticles are classified under corrosive subcategory 1B. Moreover, both chitosan-hexaconazole nanoparticles and chitosan-dazomet nanoparticles are classified as causing mild irritation.

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Zhang, Cheng Sheng, Fan Yu Kong, Yu Qin Zhang, and Jing Wang. "Methyl Bromide Alternatives for Root-Knot Nematodes Control in Tobacco Transplant Production." Advanced Materials Research 807-809 (September 2013): 2071–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.807-809.2071.

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Field studies were conducted to evaluate potential methyl bromide alternatives against nematods in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). Metham-sodium and dazomet were evaluated respectively under a polyethylene cover as alternatives for methyl bromide in tobacco transplant production over a two-year period (2009-2010). One genera or species of nematodes, tobacco root-knot nematod (Meloidogyne spp.), was evaluated in Qingzhou, Shandong province of China. All of the fumigant candidates were successful in controlling the pest. Another Parameter, plant vigor, was measured too. Metham-sodium 60g/m2, dazomet 80g/m2 and methyl bromide were not significantly different (P=0.05) from each other in the parameters evaluated. Results of this study indicate that Metham-sodium and dazomet are potential methyl bromide alternatives available to growers for use in tobacco parasite nematods control.

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Mappes, D. "SPECTRUM OF ACTIVITY OF DAZOMET." Acta Horticulturae, no. 382 (February 1995): 96–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1995.382.9.

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Warin, Andrew P. "Allergic contact dermatitis from dazomet." Contact Dermatitis 26, no. 2 (February 1992): 135–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1992.tb00904.x.

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Jeffries, Matthew D., Travis W. Gannon, W. Casey Reynolds, Fred H. Yelverton, and Charles A. Silcox. "Herbicide Applications and Incorporation Methods Affect Dazomet Efficacy on Bermudagrass." HortTechnology 27, no. 1 (February 2017): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech03564-16.

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Turfgrass renovations commonly involve changing cultivars or species that are better suited for a given setting. Common bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] is a perennial turfgrass that is difficult to eradicate before renovations, and poses contaminant concerns for the subsequent stand. Dazomet is a granular soil fumigant that has activity on various pests, including common bermudagrass. Field research was conducted from 2015 to 2016 in Raleigh, NC and College Station, TX to evaluate dazomet treatments including various combinations of soil incorporation (irrigation- or tillage-incorporated) and sealing (tarp or no tarp) methods, application rates [291, 291 followed by (fb) 291, 468, or 583 kg·ha−1], and fluazifop-P [fluazifop (0.4 kg·ha−1)] + glyphosate (2.8 kg·ha−1 acid equivalent) application(s) for established common bermudagrass control. Overall, treatments required fluazifop + glyphosate before dazomet application for acceptable control (>90% cover reduction) at 42 and 46 weeks after initial treatment (WAIT) in Texas and North Carolina, respectively. Soil-incorporation results varied by location, with dazomet application (583 kg·ha−1) fb tillage resulting in ≥88% cover reduction across locations, while acceptable control from irrigation incorporation was only observed in North Carolina. Tarping did not improve efficacy when tillage incorporation at the maximum label application rate provided acceptable control, suggesting practitioners may eliminate this procedure. Information from this research will aid turfgrass managers in developing cost-effective, ecologically sound common bermudagrass eradication programs before renovations.

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Registration Department, Agricultur. "Summaries of Toxicity Studies on Dazomet." Journal of Pesticide Science 17, no. 4 (1992): S327—S335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.17.4_s327.

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Liu, Jianbin, Jingzu Sun, Jiyan Qiu, Xingzhong Liu, and Meichun Xiang. "Integrated management of root-knot nematodes on tomato in glasshouse production using nematicides and a biocontrol agent, and their effect on soil microbial communities." Nematology 16, no. 4 (2014): 463–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685411-00002778.

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Nematicides are the main method for managing root-knot nematodes but they are not environmentally benign. Biological control is one alternative that has a lower or no environmental impact. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of two nematicides (Fosthiazate and Dazomet), a biocontrol agent (Purpureocillium lilacinum(=Paecilomyces lilacinus) YES-2), their combination on controlling root-knot nematodes on tomato plants and their effects on the rhizosphere microbial community in long-term glasshouse experiments. The gall index and numbers of second-stage juveniles (J2) were significantly reduced by the individual treatments of Fosthiazate, Dazomet orP. lilacinumYES-2.Purpureocillium lilacinumYES-2 combined with a half dose of Fosthiazate showed the most efficient control as indicated by gall index and number of J2 compared with the control treatment in glasshouse experiments conducted over a 5-year period (2007-2011). The bacterial and fungal biodiversity in soil measured using Biolog ECO MicroPlates and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) fingerprint was higher in the treatments ofP. lilacinumYES-2 alone or its combination with chemicals than in the treatments of Dazomet or Fosthiazate (in 2011 only). This study suggested a synergistic effect on the control of root-knot nematode byP. lilacinumYES-2 combined with Fosthiazate, and the contribution of these two treatments to the microbial communities in the soil.

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Chen, Ran, Weitao Jiang, Haiyan Wang, Fengbing Pan, Hai Fan, Xuesen Chen, Xiang Shen, Chengmiao Yin, and Zhiquan Mao. "Effects of Different Fumigants on the Replanted Soil Environment and Growth of Malus hupehensis Rehd. Seedlings." HortScience 56, no. 4 (April 2021): 491–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci15660-20.

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Apple replant disease (ARD) has been reported in all major fruit-growing regions of the world and is often caused by biotic factors (pathogen fungi) and abiotic factors (phenolic compounds). Soil chemical fumigation can kill soil pathogenic fungi; however, the traditionally used fumigant methyl bromide has been banned because of its ozone-depleting effects. There is thus a need to identify greener fumigant candidates. We characterized the effects of different fumigants on the replanted soil environment and the growth characteristics of Malus hupehensis Rehd. seedlings. All five experimental treatments [treatment 1 (T1), metham-sodium; treatment 2 (T2), dazomet; treatment 3 (T3), calcium cyanamide; treatment 4 (T4), 1,3-dichloropropene; and treatment 5 (T5), methyl bromide] promoted significantly the biomass, root growth, and root respiration rate of M. hupehensis seedlings and the ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3–-N) contents of replanted soil. Metham sodium (T1) and dazomet (T2) had stronger effects compared with 1,3-dichloropropene (T4) and calcium cyanamide (T3). At 172 days after T1, the height, root length, and root respiration rate of Malus hupehensis Rehd. seedlings, and the NH4+-N and NO3–-N contents of replanted soil increased by 91.64%, 97.67%, 69.78%, 81.98%, and 27.44%, respectively, compared with the control. Thus, dazomet and metham sodium were determined to be the optimal fumigants for use in practical applications.

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Porter, IJ, PR Merriman, and PJ Keane. "Integrated control of pink root (Pyrenochaeta terrestris) of onions by dazomet and soil solarization." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 40, no. 4 (1989): 861. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9890861.

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At Frankston in southern Victoria in 1984-85, dazomet applied at 750 kg/ha either alone or in combination with solarization, reduced disease incidence and severity of pink root, increased yields by at least 100% and improved storage quality of onions. Solarization for 6 weeks delayed the development of pink root, but had no effect on either the disease incidence or severity at harvest. Solarization, however, did increase yields by 23% at harvest compared to untreated soils.A bioassay of 0-10 and 10-20 cm layer of soil after treatment showed that dazomet applied alone or in combination with solarization reduced the number of plants infected by P. terrestris to less than 5% in both layers. Untreated and solarized plots had more than 86% of the plants affected. A similar bioassay taken 3 months later just before sowing showed that the number of plants infected with pink root had increased in the 0-10 cm layer of plots treated with dazomet, indicating that some reinfestation had occurred. There was no reinfestation in the combined treatment.Fusurium spp. were isolated from almost 100% of roots sampled, and although more than 70% were pathogenic under controlled conditions in the glasshouse, they did not appear to cause disease in the field or significantly affect yields.Cultivation of soils after harvest in 1985 and remoulding seedbeds prior to sowing the next crop apparently caused reinfestation of soils, and there was no residual benefit from treatments applied in 1984.

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Cal, A. De, A. Martinez-Treceño, J. M. Lopez-Aranda, and P. Melgarejo. "Chemical Alternatives to Methyl Bromide in Spanish Strawberry Nurseries." Plant Disease 88, no. 2 (February 2004): 210–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2004.88.2.210.

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Strawberry runners are a high-value cash crop in Spain that requires vigorous transplants free of pathogens. Preplant soil fumigation with methyl bromide, or with mixtures of methyl bromide and chloropicrin, is a standard practice for controlling soilborne diseases. Soil fumigants chloropicrin, 1,3-dichloropropene, dazomet, metam-sodium, metam potassium, and dimethyl disulfide were evaluated in combination with different plastic films as alternatives for methyl bromide soil fumigation of strawberry nurseries. The studies were conducted over a 4-year period, with fumigant applications prior to planting. Verticillium wilt (caused by Verticillium spp.) and crown rot (caused by Phytophthora cactorum) were the main diseases. Chloropicrin, 1,3-dichloropropene, and dazomet compared well with methyl bromide fumigation for control of strawberry nursery diseases. Furthermore, 1,3-dichloropropene and methyl bromide, applied at 50% rate under virtually impermeable film, provided effective disease control in strawberry nurseries. Fumigant effects on fungal soil populations are discussed.

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Soppelsa, Sebastian, Luisa Maria Manici, Francesco Caputo, Massimo Zago, and Markus Kelderer. "Locally Available Organic Waste for Counteracting Strawberry Decline in a Mountain Specialized Cropping Area." Sustainability 13, no. 7 (April 2, 2021): 3964. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13073964.

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Crop decline caused by soil borne fungal pathogens affects specialized cropping systems such as fruit trees and strawberry. A study was carried out to investigate the effectiveness of pre-plant application of waste-derived biomasses in strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) to reduce that phenomenon. A field experiment was carried out in an alpine strawberry specialized valley in South Tyrol (Italy), in a long term cultivated field selected for yield reduction over recent years. In July 2018, one month before strawberry transplanting, a field experiment with four soil treatments was set up: anaerobic digestate (solid fraction) of liquid manure, compost from anaerobic digestate of organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW), untreated control and Dazomet as chemical control. Plants were grown for two cycles (2019 and 2020). Dazomet always gave a significant (over 50%) increase in marketable yield per plant in both the years, anaerobic digestates did not improve strawberry production; compost from OFMSW gave phytotoxic effects in the first year, but improved strawberry yield like Dazomet in the second. Changes of rhizosphere bacterial populations and difference in root pathogen abundance, especially that of Dactylonectria torresensis, were correlated to the crop response to treatments. Findings suggest that waste-derived biomasses are a promising eco-friendly option for counteracting strawberry yield decline. Their positive impact was mostly linked to functional improvements induced by microbial variations. However, the use of such organic amendment requires careful evaluation of composition, doses and above all application times to reduce phytotoxic effects that in some cases can occur in the first months after application.

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García-Méndez, Eva, David García-Sinovas, Maximo Becerril, Antońeta De Cal, Paloma Melgarejo, Anselmo Martínez-Treceño, Steven A. Fennimore, Carmen Soria, Juan J. Medina, and Jóse M. López-Aranda. "Chemical Alternatives to Methyl Bromide for Weed Control and Runner Plant Production in Strawberry Nurseries." HortScience 43, no. 1 (February 2008): 177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.43.1.177.

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The phase out of methyl bromide (MB) requires effective alternatives for soil disinfestation, particularly in high-elevation strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) nurseries. Methyl bromide alternative fumigants were evaluated over a 3-year period for weed control and runner plant yields at strawberry nurseries in Spain. Two types of field trials were carried out: replicated experiments and commercial-scale field demonstrations. In the replicated experiments, eight fumigant treatments were evaluated each year, including the nonfumigated control and commercial standard methyl bromide plus chloropicrin mixture (MB : Pic) (50 : 50 w/w). Among the treatments evaluated were dazomet, chloropicrin (Pic) alone, metam sodium plus chloropicrin (MS + Pic), 1,3-dichloropropene:chloropicrin (1,3-D : Pic) (61 : 35 w/w), DMDS plus chloropicrin (DMDS + Pic), and propylene oxide. The best alternative fumigant treatments from the replicated experiments were carried forward to the demonstration phase of the project. Treatments such as 1,3-D : Pic (300 kg·ha−1), the combination of metam sodium plus chloropicrin (Pic) (400 to 500 + 150 to 250 kg·ha−1), Pic alone (300 kg·ha−1) as well as dazomet (400 kg·ha−1) controlled weeds at the level of MB : Pic (400 kg·ha−1). Runner plant yields, in soils previously fumigated with alternative fumigants varied, among years, locations, and trial scale, i.e., commercial scale, or small plot. By comparison, runner plant yields in MB : Pic-fumigated soils were consistently high among years, location, and trial scale. Chemical names used are: 1,3-D, 1,3-dichloropropene; MB, methyl bromide; Pic, trichloronitromethane; MS, sodium N-methyldithiocarbamate; DMDS, dimethyl disulphide; dazomet, tetrahydro-3,5-dimethyl-2H-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione; PO, propylene oxide

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Neilsen, G. H., and J. Yorston. "Soil Disinfection and Monoammonium Phosphate Fertilization Increase Precocity of Apples on Replant Problem Soils." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 116, no. 4 (July 1991): 651–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.116.4.651.

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In an apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) orchard with a severe replant problem, tree size was increased by the 2nd year and number of fruit by the 3rd year by treating the planting hole soil with formalin or mancozeb plus monoammonium phosphate (MAP) fertilizer. Growth increases were evident each year for 4 years only for the MAP + formalin treatment. In a second orchard, with a less severe replant problem, planting-hole treatment with formalin or dazomet + MAP increased tree size by year 2. Number of fruit in year 2 was increased by formalin and mancozeb + MAP treatments, although this effect persisted in year 3 only for mancozeb + MAP. Leaf P concentrations were increased to high values in the first year by MAP fertilization but declined in subsequent years. Leaf Mn concentration also increased in one orchard, a consequence of fertilizer-induced acidification of planting hole soil and Mn uptake from the fungicide mancozeb. Chemical names used: tetrahydro-3,5-dimethyl-2 H -l,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione (dazomet); 37% aqueous solution formaldehyde (formalin); Zn, Mn ethylene dithiocarbamate (mancozeb).

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Gilreath, James P., and Bielinski M. Santos. "Purple Nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) Control with Fumigant and Pebulate Combinations in Tomato." Weed Technology 19, no. 3 (September 2005): 575–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-04-088r2.1.

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Field trials were conducted to determine the effect of fumigant-pebulate combinations on purple nutsedge density in fresh market tomato. Treatments consisted of methyl bromide plus chloropicrin (MBr plus Pic) [67:33] at rates of 270 and 130 kg/ha, respectively; Pic plus pebulate at 400 and 4.5 kg/ha, respectively; metham (MNa) plus pebulate at 485 and 4.5 kg/ha, respectively; dazomet plus pebulate at 950 and 4.5 kg/ha, respectively; and 1,3-dicholopropene plus Pic (C-17) [87:13] plus pebulate at 392 and 4.5 kg/ha, respectively. At 12 wk after treatment, MBr plus Pic controlled purple nutsedge more effectively (10 plants/m2) than the fumigant-pebulate combinations (50 to 70 plants/m2). Compared to MBr plus Pic, Pic plus pebulate had a 14% lower marketable yield. No differences in marketable yield were noted with dazomet plus pebulate or C-17 plus pebulate compared to MBr plus Pic. However, MNa plus pebulate produced a 15% higher yield than MBr plus Pic. Additionally, MNa plus pebulate had 15% higher marketable fruit weight than MBr plus Pic.

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Sismanoglu, T., A. Ercag, S. Pura, and E. Ercag. "Kinetics and isotherms of dazomet adsorption on natural adsorbents." Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society 15, no. 5 (October 2004): 669–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-50532004000500010.

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Slusarski, C. "TREATMENT OF TOMATO SEEDLINGS WITH SUBLETHAL DOSAGES OF DAZOMET AS A POSSIBILITY OF INCREASING TOMATO RESISTANCE TO DAZOMET RESIDUES IN THE SOIL." Acta Horticulturae, no. 255 (October 1989): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1989.255.5.

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29

López-Moreno, Francisco Javier, Santiago Atero-Calvo, Eloy Navarro-León, Begoña Blasco, Teresa Soriano, and Juan Manuel Ruiz. "Evaluation of Physiological and Quality Parameters of Green Asparagus Spears Subjected to Three Treatments against the Decline Syndrome." Agronomy 11, no. 5 (May 10, 2021): 937. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11050937.

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Green asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) is a widely grown and consumed crop which provides high-level nutritional interest. In recent years, the decline syndrome in asparagus plantations has been rapidly augmenting. This syndrome causes the early death of whole plants, also negatively affecting the new replanting. Decline causes notable economic losses in the sector. The objective of this work was to verify the effect of different treatments against asparagus decline syndrome on the physiological parameters and nutritional quality of the spears. To meet the objective, four different treatments were applied to asparagus plots strongly affected by decline syndrome: (T1) untreated control soil, (T2) biofumigation with Brassica pellets, (T3) biofumigation with chicken manure pellets, and (T4) disinfestation of the soil with Dazomet. The cumulative yield and physiological and quality parameters of green asparagus spears were studied. Thus, malondialdehyde (MDA), photosynthetic pigments, glutathione (GSH), ascorbate (AsA), total phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanin, antioxidant test, mineral nutrients, and the amino acid profile were measured on asparagus spears. The results showed that the Brassica pellets and Dazomet treatments were the most effective against the damage caused by the decline syndrome. However, it would be necessary to monitor the evolution in the following years.

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Barnard, A. J., J. McEwen, D. Hornby, and J. Beane. "Effects of aldicarb, benomyl, dazomet, permethrin, pirimicarb, phorate and nitrogen fertilizer on maize (Zea mays) grown for 14 consecutive years on the same site." Journal of Agricultural Science 112, no. 3 (June 1989): 339–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600085798.

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SummaryMaize was grown on the same Clay-with-Flints site at Rothamsted for 14 years (1974–87) in an experiment which tested cumulatively all combinations of three rates of N fertilizer (50, 100 and 150 kg N/ha) and six agrochemical treatments (aldicarb, benomyl, dazomet, phorate, benomyl + dazomet + phorate and none). Permethrin and pirimicarb were also tested in 3 of the years. The crop was grown for forage from 1975 to 1987 and for grain from 1974 to 1976. With 150 kg N/ha, the average forage yield was 10·5 t dry matter/ha and there was no overall decline during the experiment; annual yields ranged from 5·9 to 14·5 t/ha. From 1975 to 1983, yields were on average 0·2 t/ha less with 100 kg N/ha and 1·0 t/ha less with only 50 kg N/ha than with 150 kg N/ha. The crop grown for grain in 1974 failed but in 1975 it gave 3·5, 3·6 and 3·8 t/ha with 50, 100 and 150 kg N/ha, respectively, and 3·3 t/ha in 1976 with all N rates. The cultivars grown, Cargill Primeur 170, Caldera 535 and Fronica, matured too late to ensure a grain harvest at Rothamsted.Pests observed on the crop included nematodes of the genera Pratylenchus, Tylenchorhynchus and Tylenchus/Ditylenchus and initially some Heterodera avenae, the aphids Metopolophium dirhodum and Sitobion avenae, and frit fly (Oscinella frit). Common smut (Ustilago maydis) was the only fungus disease recorded and Microdochium bolleyi, possibly a minor pathogen, occurred on roots. There was no overall increase in the incidence of pests and pathogens during the experiment. Agrochemical treatments increased yields in all years; the most effective was the combined treatment with benomyl + dazomet + phorate which gave on average 1·4 t/ha more forage than the untreated crop with the largest N rate.Forage yields were generally larger with sowing in early May rather than later and maturity was earlier in years with the most accumulated day-degrees.

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Kim, Jeong-Han, Wing-Wah Lam, Gary B. Quistad, and John E. Casida. "Sulfoxidation of the Soil Fumigants Metam, Methyl Isothiocyanate, and Dazomet." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 42, no. 9 (September 1994): 2019–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf00045a035.

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Peluso, Marco, Claudia Bolognesi, Armelle Munnia, Eleonora Landini, and Silvio Parodi. "In vivo studies on genotoxicity of a soil fumigant, dazomet." Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 32, no. 2 (1998): 179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-2280(1998)32:2<179::aid-em14>3.0.co;2-1.

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Gilreath, James P., Bielinski M. Santos, and Timothy N. Motis. "Performance of Methyl Bromide Alternatives in Strawberry." HortTechnology 18, no. 1 (January 2008): 80–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.18.1.80.

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Field studies were conducted to compare the performance of several methyl bromide (MBr) alternative programs on sting nematode (Belonolaimus spp.) control and marketable yield of ‘Camarosa’ strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa). The tested fumigation programs were 1) MBr + chloropicrin (Pic; 67:33 v/v) at 350 lb/acre, 2) Pic + metam sodium (MNa) at 300 lb/acre and 37.5 gal/acre, 3) 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) + Pic at 35 gal/acre, 4) 1,3-D + Pic and dazomet at 35 gal/acre and 200 lb/acre, 5) propylene oxide at 45 gal/acre, 6) furfural + allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) at 600 lb/acre, 7) furfural and MNa at 56 and 50 gal/acre, 8) furfural + AITC at 400 lb/acre followed by four furfural applications of 6 gal/acre/injection, 9) furfural and MNa at 37 and 33 gal/acre followed by four furfural applications of 6 gal/acre/injection, 10) fosthiazate and Pic at 4.5 and 150 lb/acre, and 11) a nontreated control. The fumigation programs consisting of 1,3-D + Pic and dazomet, 1,3-D + Pic, Pic and MNa, and fosthiazate and Pic proved to be as valuable as the grower-standard MBr + Pic on strawberry plant vigor, sting nematode control, and early and total marketable yields.

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Bravo, Jacob S., Thomas Okada Green, James R. Crum, John N. Rogers, Sasha Kravchenko, and Charles A. Silcox. "Evaluating the Efficacy of Dazomet for the Control of Annual Bluegrass Seed Germination in Renovated Turf Surfaces." HortTechnology 28, no. 1 (February 2018): 44–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech03930-17.

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The soil sterilant, dazomet, is the primary product in the turfgrass industry set to take the position of methyl bromide, which is no longer available for use on turfgrass. With turf surface renovations taking place throughout the country, the need for an effective soil sterilant is critical. This study focused on the ability of dazomet to inhibit germination of annual bluegrass (Poa annua) seeds when it is used as per the current, turf focused, label which decreased legal application rates across all surfaces. This study was a four-way factorial in a split-split plot design with whole plots in a randomized complete block design arrangement with three replications. The first factor, soil type, included two levels. Soil-type plots (60 × 95 ft) were either sand capped from topdressing over the native Capac loam or they were the native Capac loam. Sand topdressing was applied biweekly at a rate of 0.14 yard3/1000 ft2, April to September since 2011; accumulating a total of 1.5 inches of sand. Each of three replicated blocks consisted of two soil-type plots. The second factor was time trials, with two levels of starting times, June and August. Each soil-type plot was split into two subplots and the trials were assigned at random to subplots within each plot. The third factor, soil preparation, involved either removing the upper 1.5 inches of the sod/soil layer or spraying plots with glyphosate and then heavily cultivating them. This cultivation included a vertical-cut and a core cultivation with an aerator using 0.5-inch hollow tines at 2 × 2-inch spacing. The fourth factor, treatment regime, comprised 11 parameters that encompassed dazomet application rate, incorporation method, and the technique used to seal the soil surface. Dazomet treatments were applied with a shaker bottle, at rates that included 262, 421, 525, and 262 lb/acre applied twice at a 5-day interval. The treatments were incorporated into the soil either through 1 inch of irrigation, through four consecutive days of irrigation following this schedule: 1, 0.5, 0.25, 0.125 inch each day after application, respectively, or physically (P) with a rotary tiller set to 1.5 inches, the depth of the topdressing layer. All P incorporated plots were hand rolled following application, regardless of the tarping procedure. Water-incorporated plots were either sealed with a clear plastic 4-mil tarp or they were left unsealed. Researchers evaluated the level of germination control by counting individual annual bluegrass seedlings using a 1 × 1-ft grid. A significant interaction occurred between soil type and soil preparation as well as between soil type and treatment. A three-way interaction also occurred between trial, treatment and soil preparation. In general, tarped treatments showed better annual bluegrass control compared with nontarped treatments. Furthermore, sand topdressed soils showed lower numbers of annual bluegrass as compared with native soils. Finally, reduced annual bluegrass germination was found in plots that had the top 1.5 inches of material removed.

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Eo, Jinu, and Kee-Choon Park. "Effects of dazomet on soil organisms and recolonisation of fumigated soil." Pedobiologia 57, no. 3 (May 2014): 147–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pedobi.2014.01.008.

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Ali, Inam Hussein. "A STUDY OF ADSORPTION OF DAZOMET FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION ON KAOLIN." Journal of Al-Nahrain University Science 12, no. 1 (March 1, 2009): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22401/jnus.12.1.06.

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Ohata, C., and M. Yoneda. "Allergic Contact Dermatitis due to Dazomet Absorbed by Agricultural Rubber Boots." Acta Dermato Venereologica 93, no. 1 (2013): 81–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2340/00015555-1323.

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de los Santos, Berta, Juan Jesús Medina, Luis Miranda, José Antonio Gómez, and Miguel Talavera. "Soil Disinfestation Efficacy against Soil Fungal Pathogens in Strawberry Crops in Spain: An Overview." Agronomy 11, no. 3 (March 11, 2021): 526. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11030526.

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(1) Background: Strawberry cultivation is highly dependent on soil disinfestation for proper development. Since the definitive methyl bromide phase-out, other chemicals have been used as alternatives. This research provides an overview on the efficacies of soil disinfestation methods on controlling soil fungal diseases of strawberry. (2) Methods: The efficacy of several soil disinfestation methods on soil fungal pathogens (SFP: Fusarium spp. and Macrophominaphaseolina) was analyzed in experimental field trials during eleven growing seasons. (3) Results: Average efficiencies in reducing soil pathogen inocula for soil disinfestation techniques are given. Soil disinfestations with chloropicrin, allyl isothiocyanate, dazomet, 1,3-dichloropropene:chloropicrin, methyl iodide:chloropicrin, and dimethyl disulfide reduced Fusarium spp. and M. phaseolina soil inocula by more than 90%. Combination of solarization with organic manures (biosolarization) reduced Fusarium spp. soil populations by 80% and M. phaseolina by 79%. Reductions in plant mortality and increases in fruit yields over the untreated controls did not differ between chemically fumigated and biosolarized plots. (4) Conclusions: Soil fungal pathogens are effectively controlled by chemical fumigation of soils in intensive strawberry crops in Spain. In the case of mixed infestations of SFP with nematodes, the most efficient treatment in suppressing soil-borne diseases was soil fumigation with 1,3-dichloropropene:chloropicrin, but other alternative chemicals, such as allyl isothiocyanate, dazomet, and dimethyl disulfide, provided high efficacies in reducing the SFP inocula. Soil biosolarization is proposed as an effective alternative to chemical soil fumigation for strawberry cultivation in Southern Spain when SFP inocula is not remarkably high.

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GAYBD, S. K. "DODDER IN TOBACCO SEEDBEDS IN ONTARIO AND ITS CONTROL." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 66, no. 2 (April 1, 1986): 421–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps86-059.

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Dodder, a stem parasite on flue-cured tobacco seedlings in Ontario has been identified as Cuscuta gronovii Willd. A 3-yr trial demonstrated that proper sterilization of the tobacco seedbed with steam or methyl bromide eradicated dodder. Sterilization with allyl alcohol or dazomet reduced but did not eradicate dodder. Dodder equally parasitized peanut plants (Arachis hypogaea L.), an ornamental (Begonia sp.) and five common weeds: Stellaria media L., Amaranthus retroflexus L., Matricaria matricarioides (Less.) Porter, Medicago lupulina L. and Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.Key words: Flue-cured tobacco, Cuscuta gronovii, control, organic soil, dodder

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Fang, Wensheng, Qiuxia Wang, Dongdong Yan, Bin Huang, Zongjie Ren, Qian Wang, Zhaoxin Song, et al. "Environmental Factors and Soil Amendment Affect the Decomposition Rate of Dazomet Fumigant." Journal of Environmental Quality 47, no. 5 (September 2018): 1223–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2018.01.0003.

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Eitel, J. "THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DAZOMET* AS INFLUENCED BY THE USE OF PLASTIC SHEETING." Acta Horticulturae, no. 382 (February 1995): 104–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1995.382.10.

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Middleton, L. A., and N. J. Lawrence. "THE USE OF DAZOMET VIA THE 'PLANTING THROUGH' TECHNIQUE IN HORTICULTURAL CROPS." Acta Horticulturae, no. 382 (February 1995): 86–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1995.382.8.

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Kamikawa, Satoshi, and Takeo Imura. "Wintering density of Liriomyza chinensis (Kato) pupae and insecticidal effect of dazomet." Annual Report of The Kansai Plant Protection Society 56 (2014): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4165/kapps.56.11.

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Juzwik, J., D. L. Stenlund, R. R. Allmaras, S. M. Copeland, and R. E. McRoberts. "Incorporation of tracers and dazomet by rotary tillers and a spading machine." Soil and Tillage Research 41, no. 3-4 (April 1997): 237–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-1987(96)01098-7.

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Erçağ, Erol, Ayşe Erçağ, and Reşat Apak. "Spectrophotometric determination of the soil fumigant: dazomet with copper(II)–neocuproine reagent." Analytica Chimica Acta 505, no. 1 (March 2004): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-2670(03)00887-0.

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Maluin, Farhatun Najat, Mohd Zobir Hussein, Nor Azah Yusof, Sharida Fakurazi, Abu Seman Idris, Nur Hailini Zainol Hilmi, and Leona Daniela Jeffery Daim. "A Potent Antifungal Agent for Basal Stem Rot Disease Treatment in Oil Palms Based on Chitosan-Dazomet Nanoparticles." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 9 (May 7, 2019): 2247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20092247.

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The use of nanotechnology could play a significant role in the agriculture sector, especially in the preparation of new-generation agronanochemicals. Currently, the economically important plant of Malaysia, the oil palm, faces the threat of a devastating disease which is particularly caused by a pathogenic fungus, Ganoderma boninense. For the development of an effective antifungal agent, a series of chitosan nanoparticles loaded with a fumigant, dazomet, were prepared using various concentrations of sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP)—2.5, 5, 10, and 20 mg/mL, abbreviated as CDEN2.5, CDEN5, CDEN10, and CDEN20, respectively. The effect of TPP as a crosslinking agent on the resulting particle size of the synthesized nanoparticles was investigated using a particle size analyzer and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Both methods confirmed that increasing the TPP concentration resulted in smaller particles. In addition, in vitro fumigant release at pH 5.5 showed that the release of the fumigant from the nanoparticles was of a sustained manner, with a prolonged release time up to 24 h. Furthermore, the relationship between the chitosan-dazomet nanoparticles and the in vitro antifungal activity against G. boninense was also explored, where the nanoparticles of the smallest size, CDEN20, gave the highest antifungal efficacy with the lowest half maximum effective concentration (EC50) value of 13.7 ± 1.76 ppb. This indicates that the smaller-sized agronanoparticles were more effective as an antifungal agent. The size can be altered, which plays a crucial role in combatting the Ganoderma disease. The agronanoparticles have controlled release properties and high antifungal efficacy on G. boninense, thus making them a promising candidate to be applied in the field for Ganoderma treatment.

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47

Santos, Bielinski M., José Manuel López-Aranda, James P. Gilreath, Luis Miranda, Carmen Soria, and Juan J. Medina. "PERFORMANCE OF METHYL BROMIDE ALTERNATIVES FOR STRAWBERRY IN FLORIDA AND SPAIN." HortScience 41, no. 3 (June 2006): 506B—506. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.3.506b.

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Tunnel and open field trials were conducted in two locations in Huelva, Spain, and one in Florida to determine the effect of selected methyl bromide (MBr) alternatives on strawberry yield. In Spain, the tunnel treatments were: a) nontreated control, b) MBr + chloropicrin (Pic) 50:50 at a rate of 400 kg·ha–1; c) dazomet at 400 kg·ha–1, d) 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) + Pic 65:35 at 300 kg·ha–1; e) Pic at 300 kg/ha; f) dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) + Pic 50:50 at 250 + 250 kg·ha–1; and f) propylene oxide at 550 kg·ha–1. All treatments were covered with virtually impermeable film (VIF), except the nontreated control, which was covered with low-density polyethylene (LDPE) mulch. Dazomet was rototilled 10 cm deep, whereas the other fumigants were injected with four chisels per bed. In Florida, the open-field treatments were a) nontreated control, b) MBr + Pic 67:33 at a rate of 400 kg/ha with LDPE; c) MBr + Pic 67:33 at 310 kg·ha–1 with VIF; d) 1,3-D + Pic 65:35 at 300 kg·ha–1 with VIF; e) methyl iodide (MI) + Pic 50:50 at 230 kg·ha–1 with VIF; f) Pic at 300 kg·ha–1 with VIF; g) DMDS + Pic 50:50 at 250 + 250 kg·ha–1 with VIF; and g) propylene oxide at 500 kg·ha–1 with VIF. The fumigants were applied with three chisels per bed. In Spain, the results showed that 1,3-D + Pic, DMDS + Pic, and Pic consistently had similar marketable yields as MBr + Pic. Similar results were found in Florida, with the exception of propylene oxide, which also had equal marketable fruit weight as MBr + Pic.

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48

Brown, James E., Timothy N. Motis, James B. Witt, Cynthia Channell-butcher, Ted W. Tyson, and Laura S. Sanders. "Effects of Dazomet-Granular Fumigant and Mulch for the Production of ‘Sunny’ Tomato." Journal of Vegetable Crop Production 3, no. 2 (November 24, 1997): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j068v03n02_03.

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49

Pandit, Goutam K., Amitava Bhattacharya, and Asit K. Das. "Persistence and dissipation of dazomet in soil and tomato(lycopersicon esculentum mill)seedlings." Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry 76, no. 1-2 (July 2000): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02772240009358915.

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50

Petanovska-Ilievska, Biljana. "DETERMINATION OF DAZOMET IN BASAMID GRANULAT BY NORMAL PHASE HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY." Journal of Liquid Chromatography & Related Technologies 24, no. 14 (August 31, 2001): 2209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/jlc-100104903.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Dazomet'

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