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1
Martínez, Rodríguez Plácido Aldán. "Caracterización y propuesta de tratamiento del agua residual doméstica de la localidad de Arcelia, Guerro." Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/104599.
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La comunidad de Arcelia localizada en el estado de Guerrero ha vivido por décadas una problemática medio ambiental. Actualmente, sus aguas residuales son descargadas sin previo tratamiento al arroyo principal de la comunidad, el cual se desplaza entre las colonias principales de esta. Además, han optado por desechar otro tipo de residuos como basura. Estas acciones en conjunto con las descargas irresponsables, han provocado desagradables impactos sociales y ambientales.
El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo proponer un sistema de depuración viable para descarga del agua residual doméstica de la comunidad mencionada de acuerdo a la norma NOM-001-SEMARNAT-1996, que establece los límites máximos permisibles de contaminantes en las descargas de aguas residuales en aguas y bienes nacionales.
Para la respectiva propuesta, primeramente, se muestreó el agua residual del arroyo mediante un muestreo compuesto, en base a la norma mexicana NMX-AA-03-1980, la cual, establece los lineamientos generales para muestrear las descargas de las aguas residuales, con el fin de determinar los análisis correspondientes. Además, se determinó el caudal y se efectuaron los análisis de los parámetros de campo; pH, temperatura y materia flotante.
Posteriormente, se analizaron los siguientes parámetros a nivel laboratorio: sólidos suspendidos totales, sólidos sedimentables, grasas y aceites, nitrógeno total Kjeldahl, fósforo total, DQO y DBO5, los cuales, son de acuerdo a la teoría los principales parámetros de caracterización para este tipo de agua residual, debido a su gran homogeneidad. De acuerdo a los resultados arrojados, se observó que a pesar de que el agua residual visualmente denotaba muy contaminada, solo la DBO5 estaba fuera de normatividad, por lo que el posterior desarrollo del proyecto se centralizó en depurar a este parámetro.
Subsiguientemente, se realizó un análisis de criterios de selección de tecnologías de acuerdo a los resultados arrojados para elegir una propuesta de tratamiento adecuada y se eligió un proceso físico-químico mediante la adición de Policloruro de Aluminio como coagulante y Poliacrilamida catiónica de peso molecular medio con carga alta como floculante.
Finalmente, se caracterizaron nuevamente los parámetros para determinar que el sistema de depuración efectivamente funcionaba.
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Diallo, Martine. "Infiltration-percolation sur sable et sur fibre de coco, filtres plantes et épuration d'eaux usées domestiques à dominance agroalimentaire sous climat tropical sec : cas des eaux résiduaires urbaines de Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00754938.
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Au Burkina Faso, l'un des soucis majeurs demeure la gestion des eaux usées et excréta. Dans l'optique de trouver une alternative à l'assainissement autonome (assainissement non collectif), des technologies biologiques rustiques par cultures fixées sur supports fins, destinées aux petites et moyennes collectivités ont été expérimentées. Le premier volet du travail expérimental à consister à évaluer les performances comparées du sable et des fibres de coco en traitement d'eaux résiduaires urbaines après un processus anaérobie par lagunage. Dans une deuxième étape, ont été évaluées les performances épuratoires de filtres plantés de Andropogon gayanus Kunth et Chrysopogon nigritana (Benth) Veldkamp deux poaceae des zones tropicales. Les abattements moyens d'élimination de la pollution biodégradable sont respectivement de 99% et 98% à la sortie du filtre à sable et de celui de substrat de coco. Cependant, il y a une DCO ajoutée due à l'extraction de composés phénoliques du substrat de coco qui occulte les performances réelles de ce support de culture. Toutefois, en l'absence d'une bonne nitrification au sein du massif de substrat de coco, contrairement au sable, nous avons relevé une élimination de l'azote sous forme d'ammonium avec un rendement de 75%. Par ailleurs, ce matériau végétal par sa structure très poreuse a montré une plus grande capacité à éliminer les sels minéraux comparativement au sable. Quant aux filtres plantés de Andropogon gayanus et Chrysopogon nigritana, si les deux pilotes ont assuré des abattements de plus de 97% de la DBO5, le premier a assuré un prélèvement plus important des nutriments (N et P).
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Poley, Christoph. "Databases on Demand (DBoD)." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-ds-1243940783742-43919.
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In einer der letzten Ausgaben haben wir ausführlich über das Projekt DBoD berichtet. Darin wurde detailliert auf den Inhalt von DBoD, die Benutzergruppen an den Hochschulen, auf technische Details und die Verknüpfung it dem Datenbank-Informationssystem (DBIS) eingegangen. DBoD wird von der Europäischen Union im Rahmen des Europäischen Fonds für regionale Entwicklung (EFRE) gefördert. Seitdem ist ein halbes Jahr vergangen. Zeit, in der sich DBoD von einem Projekt in den Startlöchern hin zu einem anerkannten Bibliotheksdienst im Produktivbetrieb entwickelt hat, ein Produkt aus Sachsen für ganz Sachsen. Und genau hier liegt der entscheidende Vorteil gegenüber vorhandenen Lösungen für das Betreiben von CD/DVD-ROM-Datenbanken.
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Niederlein, Falk, and Christoph Poley. "Databases on Demand (DBoD) - Ein neuer Service für Sachsen." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-ds-1228923643985-93814.
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In den sächsischen Hochschulbibliotheken existiert eine große Anzahl an wissenschaftlichen Datenbanken (Referenzwerke, Fakten- und Volltextsammlungen), die den Benutzern zur Verfügung gestellt werden. Neben den zunehmend wichtiger werdenden Internetangeboten gibt es nach wie vor auch sehr viele Datenbanken auf CD-ROM oder DVD. Der Zugriff auf diese Werke soll künftig sachsenweit einheitlich über das Internet erfolgen....
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Diniz, Mariana Cirillo. "A participação do estresse oxidativo e da inflamação na tolerância induzida pelo nitroprussiato de sódio." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/DBOA-92DJKB.
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Organic nitrates are used in cardiovascular disorders therapeutics.
However, chronic use of organic nitrates leads to tolerance, a phenomenon characterized by reduction of its hemodynamic and anti-ischemic effects. Tolerance to nitroglycerin has been widely investigated, however, little is known about tolerance to other nitrovasodilators, such as sodium nitroprusside. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the possible in vitro SNP-tolerance, characterizing its mechanisms and the role of oxidative stress and inflammation in this phenomenon. Results demonstrated that SNP-tolerance is time-dependent and endothelium-independent. Tolerant aortas showed increased O2- anions production due to NADPH oxidase activation and NO synthase uncoupling, by depletion of the substrate, L-arginine. Higher O2- anions concentration leads to activation of COX-2, inducing enhancement in vasoconstrictor production, such as PGF2 and TXA2, which negatively modulate the relaxation induced by SNP in tolerant aorta. In addition, it was observed a positive relationship between tolerance phenomenon and inflammatory process, characterized by increased p65/NF-KB subunit expression levels, as well as, inflammatory cytokines (TNF-ct and IL-6), contributing to vascular dysfunction, characteristic of tolerance phenomenon.Nitratos orgânicos são utilizados na terapêutica para o tratamento de distúrbios cardiovasculares. Entretanto, o tratamento crônico acarreta a ocorrência de tolerância, um fenômeno caracterizado pela diminuição dos efeitos hemodinâmicos e anti-isquêmicos destes vasodilatadores. Apesar de comprovada para a nitroglicerina, os estudos são escassos a respeito da ocorrência de tolerância desencadeada por nitroprussiato de sódio (NPS), um nitrato inorgânico. Desta forma, o objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar a possível indução de tolerância in vitro pelo NPS, caracterizar os mecanismos envolvidos e a participação de estresse oxidativo e de inflamação no fenômeno observado em aorta isolada de camundongo. Os resultados demonstraram que o NPS induz tolerância de maneira tempo-dependente e endotélio-independente. Aortas tolerantes apresentaram aumento na produção de ânions O2- devido à ativação da enzima NADPH oxidase e desacoplamento da enzima NO sintase. Este desacoplamento estaria relacionado à depleção do substrato L-arginina, gerando um quadro de estresse oxidativo. A concentração elevada de ânions O2- desencadeia a ativação da COX-2, culminando na produção exacerbada de PGF2 e TXA2, derivados vasoconstritores que acarretam a diminuição da potência de relaxamento do NPS em aortas tolerantes. Observou-se também relação positiva entre o fenômeno de tolerância e processo inflamatório caracterizado pelo aumento na expressão da subunidade p65/NF-KB e elevação da produção de citocinas inflamatórias (TNF-o e IL-6) que contribuem para o quadro de disfunção vascular, característico do fenômeno de tolerância.
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Dean, Jack Coyde. "Gfd1 protein and messenger ribonucleoprotein remodelling by Dbp5 during nuclear export in yeast." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.607874.
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Turgeon, Mélanie. "Corrélations entre DBO¦5 et COT dans les effluents de papetières." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ57894.pdf.
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Landaverde, Velarde Lizzette del Carmen. "Modelación del oxígeno disuelto y DBO en el Río Pesquería utilizando QUAL2E /." Consultar esta Tesis en formato digital a través de la Biblioteca Digital. Acceso limitado a usuarios del Tecnológico de Monterrey, 2003. http://biblioteca.itesm.mx/cgi-bin/nav/ficha?cual=doctec:72380.
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Neumann, Bettina [Verfasser], Heike [Akademischer Betreuer] Krebber, and Gerhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Braus. "Studies on the DEAD-box RNA-helicase Dbp5 and the ABC-protein Rli1 in translation termination and identification of a novel function of Dbp5 in ribosomal transport / Bettina Neumann. Gutachter: Heike Krebber ; Gerhard Braus. Betreuer: Heike Krebber." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1076161030/34.
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Carpenter, Joshua David. "Democracy and the disengaged : a multi-dimensional study of voter mobilization in Alabama." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a2c1f070-db85-465c-b3e5-f55ddbe01438.
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This thesis investigates if and how poor, mostly minority citizens can be mobilized by a campaign whose principal policy objective would materially enhance their lives by including them in a major public program. The question is put to the test through a multi-dimensional study of voter mobilization in Alabama during the 2014 election for Governor. At stake in the election was whether Alabama would expand Medicaid through the Affordable Care Act in Alabama, an issue emblematic of "submergedness" (Mettler, 2011). In order to understand the extent to which the policy was submerged - measured by knowledge and awareness of the policy, along with its key provisions - I distributed a survey to 868 Alabamians weeks before the election. The survey used the experimental design of conjoint analysis to test which aspects of the policy were most persuasive among the target population. Additionally, I performed a randomized field experiment across the four major metropolitan areas of Alabama, micro-targeting 6,021 registered voters living in the "Coverage Gap," citizens who could gain health insurance if Medicaid were expanded. The campaign yielded negligible effects on voter turnout among subjects in the Coverage Gap, even though the interventions shifted voter knowledge, 'surfacing' the policy. In addition to the survey and field experiments, this research benefits from qualitative insights gathered in 22 semi-structured interviews conducted among poor Alabamians, many of whom were uninsured. From these interviews, it became clear that the political disengagement of the poor is deeply entrenched, prohibitive of policy-based mobilization. Disengagement is driven by a complex mix of barriers to registration and perceptions of political inefficacy based on interpretations of extant policy designs. These results have important implications for our understanding of the limitations of policy-based mobilization, suggesting that more attention must be paid to how current policies shape predispositions for mobilization.
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Curé, Olivier. "Relations entre bases de données et ontologies dans le cadre du web des données." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paris-Est, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00843284.
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Ce manuscrit présente mon intérêt pour la conception des méthodes et algorithmes nécessaires pour la réalisation d'applications avancées pour le web sémantique. Cette extension du web actuel vise à autoriser l'intégration et le partage de données entre organismes et applications. Une conséquence directe du succès de cette approche permettrait de considérer le web comme une base de données globale contenant les données stockées sur toutes les machines connectées. Cet aspect s'exprime bien dans le site web dédié à l'activité web sémantique du W3C, qui déclare que le web sémantique est un web des données. Ainsi, ce web des données permettra de soumettre des requêtes structurées sur tous les ensembles de données connectés, et de récupérer des résultats pertinents provenant de sources diverses et hétérogènes. Une question essentielle liée à cette hétérogénéité concerne la notion de sémantique. Dans le contexte du web sémantique, elle est généralement traitée avec des ontologies et les opérations de médiation associées. Ma recherche s'ancrent dans ces thématiques et ce manuscrit vise à présenter quelques unes de mes recherches et résultats, ainsi qu'à décrire certaines des applications que j'ai conçues et implémentées
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Moeller, Holger von. "Structural and biochemical studies of the human DEAD-box Helicase Dbp5 and nucleoporin Nup214 involved in mRNA export." kostenfrei, 2009. http://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10996/.
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Georges, Hala. "Conversations in the midst of the Syrian conflict : a visual response to the Syrian conflict via the domestic and personal." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2016. https://research.brighton.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/2dc9568a-dbe5-4323-91ef-5b3c9c84bbae.
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The news shows us what we already know about the war in Syria and, in fact, any conflict in the Middle East, insofar as it resorts to familiar forms of news reportage. Typically, this can be a stream of constant violent war imagery, which in turn creates a distance between the viewer and the tragedy itself, thus producing a feeling of detachment and indifference - the familiar ‘compassion fatigue’.(Moeller, 1999) The research looks at developing a counter-point to the mainstream media by bringing to light some of the hidden histories of the affected Syrian people. Small histories are told by way of monologues, testimonies, and informal interviews with a known circle of participants. People who lived or are living with the conflict day-to-day, a group consisting of my mother, sisters, nephews, nieces and a few friends. My experience as a Syrian living outside the conflict, my relationships to the participants, and my travel to the country during this time of war are all considered as inspiring material, which both constrain and focus the topic under discussion. This participant-observer methodology incorporation with gathering material from inside the conflict enriched the research findings and pushed it towards an informing exploration of the ever-changing distance between myself and the topic. The project refuses to be another Middle Eastern art cliché. It enjoys qualities of inventive, and at once truthful, documentary practice. It embraces a personal and domestic perspective, looking through the eyes of those whom are living the conflict. At the same time, I adopt a compassionate response that seeks to engage the viewer’s sympathy, not their anger. Consequently, I investigate the ethical issues of war images and argue against the use of violent images. To inform and inspire the practice, I investigate relevant Syrian and Middle Eastern art to position the project within the contemporary Middle Eastern home-related art. These research steps led to a number of hybrid mixes of documentary and experimental short videos. The practice is supported by a number of illustrations – as additional material - which has been created when it wasn’t at all possible to gather material from Syria. The written thesis informs and supports the creative component, while the practice stands as a creative version of the written research and findings. The thesis also provides a reflective commentary on how the practice came to be, the difficult circumstances behind its production and the passage it took before it was finally realised.
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Derevier, Aude. "Etude de la protéolyse dépendante du motif Dbox au cours du cycle cellulaire et du développement chez les végétaux supérieurs." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STR13180.
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Assaad, Jamal. "Modélisation des transducteurs piézoélectriques haute fréquence à l'aide de la méthode des éléments finis." Valenciennes, 1992. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/daff1271-db25-4894-82dd-828d666c589c.
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En imagerie acoustique comme en contrôle non destructif, la qualité des images obtenues en utilisant des réseaux de transducteurs à une ou deux dimensions dépend en grande partie du diagramme de rayonnement d'un transducteur élémentaire. L'objectif poursuivi dans cette thèse est la modélisation numérique du fonctionnement de tels transducteurs haute fréquence rayonnant dans un milieu fluide, dans la perspective de créer un outil efficace d'aide à la conception. Plus particulièrement, cette thèse concerne la modélisation bi-dimensionnelle des transducteurs haute fréquence en Niobate de Lithium (linbo#3) par la méthode des éléments finis, à l'aide du code Atila. Dans un premier temps, l'analyse modale de transducteurs a permis de définir la coupe optimale qui doit être utilisée pour les applications évoquées. De plus, les courbes de Fabian obtenues pour cette coupe ont été comparées avec succès aux courbes expérimentales, démontrant la précision de l'approche, même pour un matériau à forte anisotropie. Ensuite, l'analyse harmonique de ces transducteurs en rayonnement a exigé le développement d’éléments finis rayonnants monopolaires et dipolaires, ainsi que la mise au point d'un algorithme original d'extrapolation permettant le calcul du diagramme de rayonnement en champ lointain à partir des valeurs du champ proche. Plusieurs applications ont permis de valider cette approche: l’étude du rayonnement d'un cylindre infini immergé dans un fluide illimité, puis l’étude du rayonnement d'une source plane de largeur finie montée dans un baffle rigide ou dans un baffle mou. Enfin, les diagrammes de rayonnement de barreaux de linbo#3, de largeur comparable à la longueur d'onde, ont alors été calculés et comparés, avec une excellente concordance, aux diagrammes expérimentaux. Ces différents développements permettront désormais l'optimisation d'un transducteur élémentaire, quel que soit le matériau. La prise en compte de l'amortisseur arrière et, éventuellement, des couches d'adaptation pourra être envisagée. Le couplage acoustique entre transducteurs voisins pourra aussi être étudié. La directivité réelle d'une antenne pourra ainsi être calculée de façon plus précise.
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Barbosa, Joao Marcelo do Nascimento. "Estudo do comportamento da DBO em suporte aerobio de oxigenio puro: coeficientes cineticos e fatores de correlacao." Rio de Janeiro : [s.n.], 2003. http://teses.cict.fiocruz.br/pdf/barbosajmnm.pdf.
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Barbosa, João Marcelo do Nascimento. "Estudo do comportamento da DBO em suporte aeróbio de oxigênio puro: coeficientes cinéticos e fatores de correlação." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2003. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/4862.
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Previous issue date: 2003Os sistemas de tratamento de esgotos por lodos ativados, utilizando como suporte aeróbio o oxigênio puro, vem sendo utilizados cada vez com maior freqüência no tratamento de efluentes industriais e, recentemente, no tratamento de esgotos domésticos. No dimensionamento destes sistemas de tratamento tem sido utilizada uma DBO, que utiliza oxigênio puro como suporte aeróbio, que reflete de forma mais realista a eficiência destes sistemas na remoção da matéria orgânica biodegradável. Apesar da grande importância desta DBO modificada não há referências na literatura sobre a sua cinética. Neste trabalho foi estudada a diferença entre os coeficientes cinéticos e os graus de eficiência na remoção da matéria orgânica biodegradável, de um sistema que utilize para análise de DBO um suporte aeróbio tradicional (DBOt), e de outro que utilize oxigênio puro como suporte aeróbio (DBOm). A metodologia operacional desta pesquisa foi baseada na realização de análises para avaliação do comportamento da DBO, quando em meio de ar atmosférico ou em meio de oxigênio puro através da incubação por cinco dias a 20oC e com leitura de oxigênio dissolvido, realizada diariamente, pelo método Winkler. Os resultados das análise demonstraram significativa diferença entre os valores da DBOt e da DBOm, foi obtido um fator de correlação da razão DBOm/DBOt de 1,523 mais ou menos 0,103, demonstrando um aumento da eficiência na remoção da matéria orgânica de cerca de 50 por cento, pelo uso do oxigênio nas condições do ensaio. Através destes resultados obtidos, foram calculados os coeficientes cinéticos (K) associados à redução da DBO; tanto tradicional (DBOt) quanto modificada (DBOm). Além dos aspectos técnicos dos sistemas de tratamento com oxigênio puro, descritos sucintamente neste trabalho, foi realizada uma investigação das aplicações destes sistemas no Brasil, com ênfase em sua evolução histórica entre as décadas de oitenta e noventa. Nesta pesquisa, de cunho mercadológico, da evolução histórica desta técnica de tratamento, foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo com entrevistas aos gerentes de marketing das empresas que fabricam sistemas de aeração com oxigênio puro para tratamento de efluentes. Como resultado desta investigação, é apresentado no capítulo três um consolidado de caráter qualitativo.
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Vidal, Ticiana Fontoura. "Modelagem fuzzy para sistema DBO/OD em reservatório com estratificação térmica utilizando modelos de balanço de massa." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2016. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/18469.
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VIDAL, T. F. Modelagem fuzzy para sistema DBO/OD em reservatório com estratificação térmica utilizando modelos de balanço de massa. 2016. 123 f. Tese (Doutorado em Engenharia Civil: Recursos Hídricos) – Centro de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2016.Submitted by Hohana Sanders (hohanasanders@hotmail.com) on 2016-07-18T11:35:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_tese_tfvidal.pdf: 1471065 bytes, checksum: 3e66a367b244937c7dcaa404217fa4c8 (MD5)
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The study was aimed at developing a methodology to assess the risk of failure of a stratified reservoir in climate change scenarios, hydrologic and hydraulic, checking the behavior of biochemical oxygen demand and dissolved oxygen, as well as assess how these main changes will affect the quality aspects of the water system as a whole. To this end, we used computer mathematical modeling structured to provide a mathematical description and closer to reality. a methodology with fuzzy logic application to investigate how these changes can interfere with the operation of great state of a reservoir, in order to improve the understanding and management of water resources through various computer simulations was created without the need for require large expenditures. Among the simulations and results showed that the higher the water flow at the entrance, the less the risk of failure in relation to BOD, since the DO concentration increases, consequently the reduction of BOD. In another scenario, for more organic load of releases that W = 2500 kg / month, the risk of failure increased significantly, due to decreased oxygen concentrations caused by degradation of organic matter. It was also found that evaporation is a critical factor in the water balance, intensity influences directly the concentrations of DO and BOD. For large evaporated flows, the risk remains high, especially during the dry season, concluding that evaporation is a factor capable of interfering in both the dynamics of the reservoir and in the deterioration of water quality. Thus, developing effective control measures, particularly in semi-arid regions with low rainfall, become essential to the conservation of source water quality
O estudo tem como objetivo central desenvolver uma metodologia que permita avaliar o risco de falha de um reservatório estratificado em cenários de mudanças climáticas, hidrológicas e hidráulicas, verificando o comportamento da demanda bioquímica de oxigênio e do oxigênio dissolvido, assim como avaliar de que forma estas mudanças irão afetar os principais aspectos de qualidade de água do sistema como um todo. Para tal, foi utilizada modelagem matemática computacional estruturada para fornecer uma descrição matemática bem próxima da realidade. Foi criada uma metodologia com aplicação de lógica fuzzy para investigar o quão essas mudanças podem interferir no estado ótimo de operação de um reservatório, com o intuito de aprimorar a compreensão e a gestão dos recursos hídricos, através de diferentes simulações computacionais, sem a necessidade de demandar grandes gastos. Dentre as simulações realizadas, resultados mostraram que quanto maior a vazão de água na entrada, menor o risco de falha em relação a DBO, já que a concentração de OD aumenta, por consequência da diminuição de DBO. Em outro cenário, para lançamentos de carga orgânica maiores que W = 2.500 kg/mês, o risco de falha aumentou significativamente, devido a diminuição da concentração de oxigênio ocasionada pela degradação da matéria orgânica. Também foi verificado que a evaporação é um fator crítico dentro do balanço hídrico, sua intensidade influi de forma direta nas concentrações de OD e DBO. Para grandes vazões evaporadas, o risco permanece elevado, principalmente durante o período seco, concluindo-se que a evaporação é um fator determinante capaz de interferir tanto na dinâmica do reservatório quanto na deterioração da qualidade da água. Desta forma, a elaboração medidas de controle eficazes, principalmente em regiões semiáridas com baixos índices pluviométricos, se tornam imprescindíveis para a conservação da qualidade da água do manancial
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Beißel, Christian [Verfasser]. "The RNA helicase Dbp5/DDX19 regulates the ribosomal entry of eRF1-eRF3 and Dom34-Hbs1 in translation termination and cytoplasmic mRNA quality control / Christian Beißel." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1233865706/34.
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Oliveira, Suzane Silva de. "Remoção microbiológica de nitrogênio, fósforo, DQO e DBO em uma estação de tratamento de efluentes numa fábrica de concentrados de bebidas." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2012. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/3316.
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Previous issue date: 2012-04-16It is essential that there is proper treatment of industrial wastewater before its release to the receiving body. Therefore, it is necessary to know which type of treatment to suit particular type of effluent generated, so that it can comply with the environmental regulations to prevent damage to the environment, such as water pollution. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of microorganisms to reduce the amount of organic matter (COD, BOD), nitrogen and phosphorus in an activated sludge system in an industry concentrates of non-alcoholic beverages during the period 2009 and 2010, featuring the effluent before and after analyzing the treatment, assessing also the major classes of microorganisms that participated in the process of removing nitrogen and phosphorus loads, BOD and COD, and statistically evaluate the process variables determining the ratio of the organic load factor / microorganisms. The physico-chemical analyzes were performed according to methods described in Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 20th Edition (1998) and 21st Edition (2005). For data analysis techniques were used for statistical analysis of variance, and trend graphs and efficiency in order to check the possibility of optimizing the treatment. All data were tabulated and statistical methods were applied using Minitab software version 14.0. The results were analyzed using boxplots for the years 2009 and 2010, where there was greater removal efficiency for the parameters of color, COD, BOD and phosphorus. Correlated result Nitrogen ammonia versus Total Nitrogen, in which we observed greater efficiency in removing Total Nitrogen. Exploratory analysis of data for the two years studied show dendograms characterized by formation of groups have different type and characteristic result of the effluent generated during the production process in particular. The average efficiency station for removal of solids, COD, BOD, color, and phosphorus was 91%, 94%, 88%, 98% and 99% in 2009 and 95%, 95%, 95%, 99% and 98% in 2010, respectively, even with parameters ranging entry in the system was able to reduce them to values that met the legal requirements of CONAMA Resolution 357/2005.
É indispensável que haja o tratamento adequado dos efluentes industriais antes do seu lançamento ao corpo receptor. Para tanto, torna-se necessário saber qual tipo de tratamento se adequa a determinado tipo de efluente gerado, a fim de que se possa cumprir com a legislação ambiental vigente para evitar danos ao meio ambiente, como a poluição das águas. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência dos microorganismos em reduzir a quantidade de matéria orgânica (DQO, DBO), nitrogênio e fósforo em um sistema de lodos ativados em uma indústria de concentrados de bebidas não alcoólicas durante o período de 2009 e 2010, caracterizando o efluente antes e analisando-o após o tratamento, avaliando também as principais classes de microorganismos que participaram do processo de remoção das cargas de Nitrogênio e Fósforo, DBO e DQO, e avaliar estatisticamente as variáveis do processo determinando a relação do fator carga orgânica/microorganismos. As análises físico-químicas foram realizadas segundo as metodologias descritas no Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 20th Edition (1998) and 21st Edition (2005). Para a análise dos dados usaram-se as técnicas estatísticas de análise de variâncias, além de gráficos de tendência e eficiência a fim de verificar a possibilidade de otimização do tratamento. Todos os dados foram tabulados e os métodos estatísticos foram aplicados usando programas do MINITAB versão 14.0. Os resultados obtidos foram analisados através de boxplots referentes aos anos de 2009 e 2010, onde observou-se maior eficiência de remoção para os parâmetros de cor, DQO, DBO e fósforo. Correlacionou-se resultado de Nitrogênio amoniacal versus Nitrogênio Total, no qual foi possível verificar maior eficiência em remoção de Nitrogênio Total. A análise exploratória dos dados relativos aos dois anos estudados mostram dendogramas caracterizados por ter a formação de grupos diferentes resultado do tipo e característica do efluente gerado pelo processo produtivo no período em específico. A eficiência média da estação para remoção de SST, DQO, DBO, cor e fósforo foi de 91%, 94%, 88%, 98% e 99% no ano de 2009 e 95%, 95%, 95%, 99% e 98% no ano de 2010, respectivamente, mesmo com parâmetros variando na entrada o sistema foi capaz de reduzi-los a valores que atendessem aos requisitos legais da Resolução CONAMA 357/2005.
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Soares, Samara Silva. "Modelagem da qualidade da água em um trecho do rio dos Bois, Goiás." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8365.
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Water modeling is a great tool for water resources management, since it allows a simulation of future water sources, better defining the capacity of assimilation through the limits of source releases for extractions of certain fugacies to subsidize the licensing of service with the competent entities. Thus, the main objective of the present work was the model for dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), pH, temperature, organic nitrogen (Norg) and ammoniacal nitrogen (NH4) through numerical simulations with the The QUALQKW e evaluates the quality of dry blood dry-larvae of zebrafish (Danio rerio) in a stretch of the BoisGoiás river, to verify how the water quality conditions of the study stretch with the quality classes of the solution CONAMA 357/2005. "In order to do so, the quality monitoring data and the hydraulic nature of the study were obtained in four years, in October and November of 2015 and in January and March of 2016, thus, the input data for the QUAL2Kw model. the two campaigns were carried out in February and September 2017 to conduct the ecotoxicity tests and the physical-chemical and microbiological results as well as trace metal analysis. In general, the calibration parameters are adjustable, especially for a solution of The date is most recent in 2015, where OD accounts persist below 5 mg / L over a long stretch and the BOD and NH4 also do not conform to the legal approach of CONAMA Resolution 357/05 In most of the series, BOD remained above 5 mg / L for at least 5 km in length, disagree with the legislation for exceeding the distance of the mixing zone, located on average at 1.5 ± 0.5 km from the point of l In the second half of 2015, uncertainty analyzes were performed for the OD, where only 9.4% of the simulations are more important than 5 mg / L and sensitivity analyzes by the Monte Carlo Simulation. the coefficient of deoxygenation and reapersion, in each of the sample channels, evidencing a significance of the reuse coefficient in the determination of OD concentrations. The quality and the ecotoxicity of the water of the section studied in February and September of 2017, after the effluent discharge point, was carried out in some of its parameters of water and some metals during the year as a whole, iron, lead and water. Cancer, and consequently, the success of seafood in the development of zebrafish embryos. Thus, the present work was done with the model QUAL2Kw presented as a good tool for the execution of nominal tests in the value of 0,808 ± 0,005 for all the sample management. The Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis demonstrates that it is possible to present the results in a probabilistic way, knowing or assuming risks that are disregarded by the deterministic approach.
A modelagem da qualidade da água é uma importante ferramenta para a gestão dos recursos hídricos, uma vez que possibilita simular situações futuras do uso da água, definindo melhor a capacidade de assimilação do curso d’água por meio dos limites de lançamentos de fontes pontuais ou para extrações de determinadas vazões para subsidiar o licenciamento de atividades junto aos órgãos competentes. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho teve como principal objetivo obter um modelo para o oxigênio dissolvido (OD), demanda bioquímica de oxigênio (DBO), pH, temperatura, nitrogênio orgânico (Norg) e nitrogênio amoniacal (NH4) através de simulações numéricas com o modelo QUAL2Kw e avaliar a qualidade da água através de análises físico-químicas e microbiológicas juntamente com ensaios de ecotoxicidade utilizando o estágio embrio-larval de zebrafish (Danio rerio) em um trecho do rio dos Bois – Goiás, para verificar as condições de qualidade da água do trecho de estudo frente às classes de qualidade da Resolução CONAMA 357/2005. Para tanto, os dados de monitoramento da qualidade da água e características hidráulicas do trecho estudado foram obtidos em quatro campanhas amostrais, em outubro e novembro de 2015 e janeiro e março de 2016, fornecendo assim, os dados de entrada para calibrar o modelo QUAL2Kw. Além disso, foram realizadas duas campanhas amostrais em fevereiro e setembro de 2017 para a realização dos ensaios de ecotoxicidade e dos parâmetros físico-químicos e microbiológicos, bem como as análises de metais traços. De forma geral, os resultados da calibração apresentaram um bom ajuste, principalmente para a variável de oxigênio dissolvido. A situação mais crítica ocorreu no mês de outubro de 2015, onde as concentrações de OD persistem abaixo de 5 mg/L por um longo trecho de extensão e a DBO e o NH4 também apresentaram não conformidade em relação ao atendimento legal da Resolução CONAMA 357/05. Em todas as campanhas amostrais a DBO manteve-se acima de 5mg/L por no mínimo 5 km de extensão, estando em desacordo com a legislação por ultrapassar a distância da zona de mistura, situada em média à 1,5 ± 0,5 km do ponto de lançamento total de efluentes. Foram ainda realizadas análises de incerteza para o OD enfatizando o cenário crítico do mês de outubro de 2015 , em que, apenas 9,4 % das simulações conduziram a um ODmín maior que 5 mg/L e análises de sensibilidade pela Simulação Monte Carlo para o coeficiente de desoxigenação e reaeração, em cada campanha amostral, evidenciando a significância do coeficiente de reaeração na determinação das concentrações de OD. Quanto à qualidade e ecotoxicidade da água do trecho estudado em fevereiro e setembro de 2017, após o ponto de lançamento de efluentes, houve aumento nas concentrações de alguns parâmetros de qualidade da água e de alguns metais traços analisados como fósforo total, ferro, chumbo e cobre, e consequentemente maiores efeitos significativos no desenvolvimento de embriões de zebrafish. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho permitiu concluir que o modelo QUAL2Kw apresentou-se como uma boa ferramenta para simulação de lançamentos pontuais no rio dos Bois apresentado um bom ajuste no ato da calibração, com o valor de RMEQ médio de 0,808 ± 0,005 para todas as campanhas amostrais. A realização da análise de incerteza por simulação Monte Carlo demonstrou que é possível apresentar os resultados em forma probabilística, conhecendo o risco assumido que é desconsiderado pela abordagem determinística.
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Xu, Wei. "Effet de la variation périodique de charges de DBO 5 sur le comportement dynamique d'un traitement biologique opérant selon le mode des boues activées /." Thèse, Trois-Rivières, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2000. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/resume/03-2224133R.html.
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Xu, Wei. "Effet de la variation périodique de charges de DBO 5 sur le comportement dynamique d'un traitement biologique opérant selon le mode des boues activées." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2000. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/3217/1/000677401.pdf.
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Boukhari, Ilyes. "Intégration et exploitation de besoins en entreprise étendue fondées sur la sémantique." Phd thesis, ISAE-ENSMA Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et d'Aérotechique - Poitiers, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00942081.
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L'ingénierie des besoins (IB) joue un rôle crucial dans le processus de développement d'un systèmed'information. Elle a pour but de fournir une spécification des besoins qui soit cohérente, non ambiguë,complète, vérifiable, etc. L'importance de la spécification des besoins augmente dans l'environnement distribuéoù se situent les systèmes complexes ce qui est en particulier le cas dans le contexte des entreprises étendues.Ces systèmes nécessitent, en effet, la collaboration d'un grand nombre de concepteurs qui peuvent provenir dedifférents domaines, départements, laboratoires de recherche, etc. En général, ces concepteurs sont libresd'utiliser le vocabulaire et les langages qu'ils préfèrent pour définir les besoins liés aux parties du système quileur sont affectées. Dans ce contexte, fournir une interface unique, uniforme et transparente à l'ensemble desbesoins définis sur un système est devenu nécessaire. Autrement dit, d'un point de vue technique, il devientcrucial de proposer une démarche d'intégration des besoins via un schéma global. Dans ce travail, nousproposons une approche ontologique d'intégration de besoins hétérogènes. Cette hétérogénéité concerne à lafois les vocabulaires et les langages de modélisation identifiés lors de l'élicitation des besoins. Contrairementaux travaux existants qui traitent le problème d'intégration des besoins d'une manière isolée sans prendre encompte le système cible (une base/entrepôt de données, une interface homme machine, etc.), nos propositionsapportent des solutions pour les phases de cycle de vie de conception du système cible. Pour illustrer cela, nousconsidérons la phase de conception physique d'un entrepôt de données. Durant cette phase, un ensemble destructures d'optimisation (les index, la fragmentation de données, les vues matérialisées, etc.) est sélectionné.Souvent cette sélection est effectuée à partir d'un ensemble de requêtes. Dans ce travail, nous proposons uneapproche de sélection dirigée par les besoins. Pour valider notre proposition, une implémentation dans unenvironnement de Base de Données à Base Ontologique nommé OntoDB est proposée.
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Santivañez, Arenas Luis Mauricio. "Evaluación experimental del consumo de combustible y las emisiones gaseosas de un motor diesel utilizando 3 mezclas de diesel y biodiesel: DB5, DB7, 5 y DB10." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2016. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/7035.
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En la actualidad, el biodiesel constituye una alternativa y un complemento al
diesel para reducir la contaminación ambiental y la escasez de combustibles
fósiles, siendo un medio de energía renovable menos contaminante que el
diesel convencional. Las características de este combustible lo hacen
apropiado para funcionar en motores de encendido por compresión, sin tener
que realizar cambios importantes al diseño del motor.
En el presente trabajo se realizó una evaluación experimental del efecto de la
utilización de 3 mezclas de diesel y biodiesel en porcentajes volumétricos de
5%, 7,5% y 10% (DB5, DB7,5 y DB10) sobre los parámetros relacionados al
consumo de combustible y las emisiones contaminantes. Las pruebas
experimentales se realizaron en un motor Cummins de encendido por
compresión, 6 cilindros, 6.7 litros, turbo cargado; instalado en un banco de
pruebas dinamométrico en el Laboratorio de Energía de la Pontificia
Universidad Católica del Perú.
Las pruebas experimentales consideraron 4 regímenes de giro (1000, 1300,
1600 y 2000 rpm) y 4 niveles de carga: 9.4, 18.8, 28.2 y 37.5 kPa, en términos
de presión media efectiva. Ambas variables fueron establecidas como datos de
entrada para cada ensayo y a partir de estas se midieron y calcularon los
parámetros requeridos.
En términos de desempeño del motor, se calculó la potencia efectiva, el
consumo específico de combustible y el rendimiento efectivo para las 3
mezclas de diesel y biodiesel utilizadas. Los resultados indicaron que la
potencia efectiva aumentó conforme se incrementó la velocidad de giro y carga
del motor, pero se mantuvo constante para las tres mezclas. El consumo
específico de combustible aumentó conforme se incrementó el porcentaje de
biodiesel en la mezcla. El rendimiento efectivo presentó un aumento conforme
se incrementó la carga en los ensayos, pero disminuyó al utilizarse más
biodiesel en la mezcla.
Respecto a los contaminantes gaseosos, se midieron el monóxido de carbono
(CO), dióxido de carbono (CO2) y óxidos de nitrógeno (NOx). A partir de los
valores registrados, se obtuvieron las variaciones porcentuales más
significativas entre las emisiones encontradas para las 3 mezclas empleadas.
Las emisiones de CO y CO2 disminuyeron a medida que se aumentó el
contenido de biodiesel en las mezclas, presentando el CO las variaciones más
significativas. Por otro lado, las emisiones de NOx aumentaron conforme se
incrementó el porcentaje de biodiesel en la mezcla. Los aumentos porcentuales
más altos se encontraron a mayores cargas y velocidades más altas.Tesis
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Torrents, Sallent Albert. "Disseny, simulació i prototipatge de dispositius per a la detecció de matèria orgànica en mostres d’aigua." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/333335.
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L’objectiu inicial de la present tesi és la miniaturització d’un sistema per a la mesura ràpida de la DBO en mostres d’aigua. Per això, s’incorporaran cultius microbians a dispositius microfluídics que permeten la realització de mesures electroquímiques.
Aquest camp, que ha experimentat un ràpid creixement en els darrers anys, es basa la utilització d’elements biològics —com són espècies o comunitats microbiològiques, proteïnes o enzims— com a element sensor o com a reactor de mesures electroquímiques.
Aquestes aproximacions haurien de ser vàlides i suficientment ràpides per ser utilitzades com a element de control en àmbits com el seguiment ambiental o processats industrials diversos. Això és rellevant, ja que els mètodes analítics emprats més habitualment requereixen de diversos dies per obtenir els resultats, fet que els fa inadequats per fer el seguiment de processos.
A més a més, es planteja enfocar aquests desenvolupaments donant un paper clau a les eines de simulació i modelització matemàtica, de tal forma que es pugui validar el dispositiu dissenyat, en el major grau possible, abans d’entrar en les fases de fabricació i test experimental.
Si bé les eines de simulació matemàtica ja són àmpliament utilitzades, en la major part dels casos s’utilitzen com a validació de dispositius que ja han estat fabricats i testats. Plantejar les simulacions matemàtiques com una eina combinada en la fase del disseny, implica que aquestes simulacions hauran d’abastar el conjunt d’elements rellevants per al problema o dispositiu, però a la vegada hauran de permetre contrastar els resultats i adaptar el disseny abans de les fases de més requeriments en recursos i temps, que són la fabricació de prototips i la seva validació experimental.
Pel que fa a la fabricació del dispositiu, es maximitzarà l’ús de tecnologies ràpides i de baix cost, tant per al desenvolupament dels diferents prototips, com per ser una constricció remarcable de cara a la seva fabricació i introducció a gran escala.
Finalment, també es tindrà l’objectiu que els dispositius construïts siguin el més versàtils possible, tant de cara a adaptar-los a altres usos i processos analítics com en termes de facilitar-ne la integració en altres dispositius, en la línia del que es coneix com a sistemes de lab-on-a-chip.El objetivo inicial de esta tesis es la miniaturización de un sistema de medida rápida de la DBO en muestras de agua. Para eso, se incorporan cultivos microbianos a dispositivos microfluídicos que permitan la realización de medidas electroquímicas. Este campo, que ha experimentado un rápido crecimiento en los últimos años, se basa en la utilización de elementos biológicos –como son especies o comunidades microbiológicas, proteínas o enzimas– como elemento sensor o como reactor de medidas electroquímicas. Estas medidas deben ser válidas y suficientemente rápidas para ser utilizadas como elemento de control en ámbitos como el seguimiento ambiental o procesados industriales diversos. Esto es relevante, ya que los métodos analíticos utilizados más habitualmente requieren de varios días para obtener resultados, lo que los hace inadecuados para realizar el seguimiento de procesos. Además, se plantea enfocar estos desarrollos dando un papel clave a las herramientas de simulación y modelización matemática, de tal forma que se pueda validar el dispositivo diseñado, en el mayor grado posible, antes de entrar en la fase de fabricación y test experimental. Si bien las herramientas de simulación matemática ya son ampliamente utilizadas, en la mayor parte de los casos se utilizan como una validación de dispositivos que ya han sido fabricados y testados. Plantear las simulaciones matemáticas cómo una herramienta combinada en la fase de diseño, implica que estas simulaciones deben abarcar el conjunto de elementos relevantes para el problema o dispositivo, pero a su vez deberán permitir contrastar los resultados y adaptar el diseño antes de las fases de más requerimiento de recursos, que son la fabricación de prototipos y su validación experimental. En lo referente a la fabricación del dispositivo, se maximizará el uso de tecnologías rápidas y de bajo coste, tanto para el desarrollo de los diferentes prototipos, como por ser una constricción remarcables de cara a su fabricación e introducción a gran escala. Finalmente, también se ha tenido el objetivo que los dispositivos construidos sean lo más versátiles posible, tanto en el sentido de adaptarlos a otros usos y procesos analíticos como en términos de facilitar su integración en otros dispositivos, en la línea de lo que se conoce como sistemas de lab-on-a-chip.
The initial objective of this thesis is the miniaturization of a system for rapid measurement of the BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand) in water samples. So, microbial cultures are incorporated into microfluidic devices that enable electrochemical measurements. This field, which experienced a fast growth in recent years, is based on the use of biological elements –such as microbial species or communities, proteins or enzymes– as sensor element or reactor for electrochemical measures. These measures should be valid and fast enough to be used as a control parameter in areas such as environmental monitoring and various industrial processing. This is relevant because the analytical methods used most commonly require several days to get results, which makes them unsuitable for process monitoring. In addition, we propose to approach these developments giving a key role to simulation tools and mathematical modelling, so you can validate the device designed, to the greatest possible extent before entering the production and experimental test phases. While mathematical simulation tools are already widely used, in most cases they are used as a validation tool for devices that have already been manufactured and tested. Raise mathematical simulations how a combination tool in the design phase, implies that these simulations should cover all relevant elements for the problem or device, but in turn should allow contrast results to adapt the design before the more resource requiring phases, which are prototyping and experimental validation. With regard to device fabrication, the use of fast and low cost technology, for the development of the various prototypes, and as being a remarkable constriction towards their manufacture and large-scale introduction, will be maximized. Finally, it has also been a target for constructed devices to be as versatile as possible, both in the sense of adapting to other uses and analytical processes, and in terms of having an easy integration into other devices, in line with what is known as lab-on-a-chip systems.
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Lindström, Oskar, and Hanna Möller-Nielsen. "Åldersskillnader i äktenskap och jämställdhet : En global analys." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-111653.
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Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka sambandet mellan länders genomsnittliga åldersskillnader i äktenskap och jämställdhet. Huvudhypotesen är därför att högre åldersskillnad i äktenskap kommer att vara förenad med lägre jämställdhet. Få studier finns att tillgå om det direkta sambandet mellan jämställdhet och åldersskillnader. Denna studie mäter jämställdhet med fyra olika parametrar, mödradödlighet, könsfördelning av parlamentsplatser, könsfördelning vad gäller utbildning samt könsfördelning vad gäller avlönat arbete. Studien använder sig av DBO-teorin som teoretiskt ramverk för att analysera förklaringsmekanismer som skulle kunna förtydliga uppkomsten av samvariationen. För att undersöka sambandet används linjär regressionsanalys. Resultaten visar att vissa undersökta jämställdhetsaspekter har ett samband med åldersskillnader kontrollerat för BNP och giftermålsålder. Mödradödlighet och jämställt arbetsmarknadsdeltagande är i detta sammanhang relevanta faktorer för åldersskillnader. Däremot samvarierar inte könsfördelning av parlamentariska platser och skillnader mellan män och kvinnor i utbildning med åldersskillnader. BNP tog hela effekten av utbildning och delar av effekten från mödradödlighet. Giftermålsålder påverkade inte sambandet mellan åldersskillnader och jämställdhet. Slutsatsen för denna studie är således att det globalt sett finns en samvariation mellan vissa faktorer som kan indikera ett jämställt samhälle och länders genomsnittliga åldersskillnader.
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Migaou, Amani. "Conception et réalisation d'un « lab on chip » pour la mesure de polluants organiques dans les eaux de rejet." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30193.
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Le principal objectif de la thèse est d'étudier et de développer un biocapteur dédié au contrôle de la qualité de l'eau. Son mode de fonctionnement sera basé sur l'utilisation de certaines bactéries spécialisées sélectionnées pour leur sensibilité particulière aux molécules organiques. Elles seront immobilisées dans des puits instrumentés conçus pour optimiser les réponses électrooptiques à des stimuli causés par des réactions chimiques et biologiques. Un suivi sera mis en place pour contrôler les paramètres des échanges entre ces bactéries et l'échantillon des eaux usées dans lequel ils sont plongés. Le matériau utilisé pour développer ces bioMEMS sera choisi afin d'assurer la biocompatibilité et aussi le processus de miniaturisation de la fabrication du dispositif. Ensuite, leur insertion dans une configuration instrumentale sera étudiée pour atteindre les conditions optimales afin de mesurer la demande biochimique en oxygène (DBO) des échantillons d'eau. En complément, une approche de modélisation des interactions bactéries-oxygène sera entreprise afin de comparer les résultats théoriques et expérimentaux de sorte que la valeur de DBO soit obtenue dans le temps le plus court possibleThe main objective of the thesis is to study and develop a biosensor dedicated to the water quality control. Its operating mode will be based on the use of some specialized bacteria chosen for their particular sensitivity to organic molecules. They will be immobilized in instrumented wells designed to optimize their electro-optical responses to stimuli caused by chemical and biological reactions. A monitoring will be set up to control the parameters of exchanges between these bacteria and the wastewater sample in which they are immersed. The material used to develop these bioMEMS will be chosen in order to ensure biocompatibility and also the miniaturization process of device fabrication. Afterwards, their insertion in an instrumental setup will be studied to achieve the optimal conditions to measure the BOD parameters of the water samples. In addition to this part, a modeling approach of bacteria-oxygen interactions will be undertaken to compare the theoretical and experimental results so that the BOD value will be obtained in the shortest time possible
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Lopes, Ada Amelia Sanders. "Desenvolvimento de uma metodologia, com base na teoria Fuzzy, aplicada a modelos da demanda bioquÃmica de oxigÃnio (DBO) e oxigÃnio dissolvido (OD), para calcular o risco de degradaÃÃo ambiental em rios naturais." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2009. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3801.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de NÃvel SuperiorCom base nos PrincÃpios de Transporte de Massa, o modelo matemÃtico desenvolvido neste estudo estabelece as relaÃÃes entre a Demanda BioquÃmica do OxigÃnio (DBO) e o OxigÃnio Dissolvido (OD), para diferentes fontes de lanÃamentos. A aplicaÃÃo da teoria fuzzy neste modelo de transporte de poluente permite que as incertezas existentes nas variÃveis envolvidas nestes processos, especificamente na soluÃÃo da equaÃÃo da difusÃo advectiva, sejam capazes de avaliar os riscos de contaminaÃÃo de um sistema hÃdrico diante dos lanÃamentos de substÃncias poluentes. A metodologia fuzzy foi desenvolvida com o objetivo de transformar o modelo matemÃtico de DBO/OD em um conjunto de equaÃÃes diferenciais fuzzy, onde os principais parÃmetros, contidos neste modelo, foram representados como funÃÃes de pertinÃncia. Um programa computacional foi desenvolvido para este estudo codificado em linguagem FORTRAN 90, que permite construir modelos de simulaÃÃes para qualidade da Ãgua, com base na metodologia proposta. Foram propostos alguns cenÃrios distintos que descrevem as alteraÃÃes na qualidade da Ãgua em rios naturais, com base na investigaÃÃo dos parÃmetros hidrÃulicos, nas formaÃÃes das funÃÃes de pertinÃncia da concentraÃÃo e na propagaÃÃo de uma nuvem poluente. Os resultados apresentam as anÃlises do risco de degradaÃÃo ambiental, e da garantia, que sÃo influenciadas pelos parÃmetros hidrÃulicos e hidrolÃgicos, ressaltando as vazÃes para qualquer tipo de lanÃamento, a declividade e rugosidade. Em sÃntese, a metodologia fuzzy mostrou-se uma ferramenta para o planejamento e para gestÃo dos recursos hÃdricos, e um procedimento alternativo quando aplicado aos processos de transporte de poluente
On the basis of the Principles of the Mass Transport, the mathematical model developed in this study establishes the relations between the Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Dissolved Oxygen (DO), for different sources of launchings. The application of the fuzzy theory in this model of pollutant transport allows that the existing uncertainties in the variable involved in these processes, specifically in the solution of the advective diffusion equation, is able to evaluate the risks of contamination of a water system ahead of the pollutant substance launching. The fuzzy methodology was developed with the objective to transform the mathematical model of DBO/OD into a set of fuzzy differential equations, where the main parameters in this model had been represented as Membership functions. A computational program was developed for this study, codified in language FORTRAN 90, that allows us to construct models of simulation of water quality, on the basis of the methodology proposed. Some distinct scenes had been considered that describe the alterations in the quality of the water in natural rivers, on the basis of the investigation of the hydraulics parameters, in the formations of the membership functions of the concentration and in the propagation of a pollutant cloud. The results present the analyses of the risk of environmental degradation, and the analyses of the guarantee, that are influenced by the hydraulics and hydrologics parameters, standing out the outflows for any type of launching, the bed slope and the roughness. In synthesis, the fuzzy methodology is a tool of planning and management of water resources and, an alternative procedure when applied to the processes of pollutant transport
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Lopes, Ada Amélia Sanders. "Desenvolvimento de uma metodologia, com base na teoria fuzzy, aplicada a modelos da demanda bioquímica de oxigênio (DBO) e oxigênio dissolvido (OD), para calcular o risco de degradação ambiental em rios naturais." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2009. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/15972.
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LOPES, A. A. S. Desenvolvimento de uma metodologia, com base na teoria Fuzzy, aplicada a modelos da demanda bioquímica de oxigênio (DBO) e oxigênio dissolvido (OD), para calcular o risco de degradação ambiental em rios naturais. 2009. 140 f. Tese (Doutorado em Engenharia Civil: Saneamento Ambiental) – Centro de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2009.Submitted by Marlene Sousa (mmarlene@ufc.br) on 2016-04-01T14:54:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2009_tese_aaslopes.pdf: 4415239 bytes, checksum: 62577cd21d90eabe3cff5b7b0fbbae00 (MD5)
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On the basis of the Principles of the Mass Transport, the mathematical model developed in this study establishes the relations between the Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Dissolved Oxygen (DO), for different sources of launchings. The application of the fuzzy theory in this model of pollutant transport allows that the existing uncertainties in the variable involved in these processes, specifically in the solution of the advective diffusion equation, is able to evaluate the risks of contamination of a water system ahead of the pollutant substance launching. The fuzzy methodology was developed with the objective to transform the mathematical model of DBO/OD into a set of fuzzy differential equations, where the main parameters in this model had been represented as Membership functions. A computational program was developed for this study, codified in language FORTRAN 90, that allows us to construct models of simulation of water quality, on the basis of the methodology proposed. Some distinct scenes had been considered that describe the alterations in the quality of the water in natural rivers, on the basis of the investigation of the hydraulics parameters, in the formations of the membership functions of the concentration and in the propagation of a pollutant cloud. The results present the analyses of the risk of environmental degradation, and the analyses of the guarantee, that are influenced by the hydraulics and hydrologics parameters, standing out the outflows for any type of launching, the bed slope and the roughness. In synthesis, the fuzzy methodology is a tool of planning and management of water resources and, an alternative procedure when applied to the processes of pollutant transport
Com base nos Princípios de Transporte de Massa, o modelo matemático desenvolvido neste estudo estabelece as relações entre a Demanda Bioquímica do Oxigênio (DBO) e o Oxigênio Dissolvido (OD), para diferentes fontes de lançamentos. A aplicação da teoria fuzzy neste modelo de transporte de poluente permite que as incertezas existentes nas variáveis envolvidas nestes processos, especificamente na solução da equação da difusão advectiva, sejam capazes de avaliar os riscos de contaminação de um sistema hídrico diante dos lançamentos de substâncias poluentes. A metodologia fuzzy foi desenvolvida com o objetivo de transformar o modelo matemático de DBO/OD em um conjunto de equações diferenciais fuzzy, onde os principais parâmetros, contidos neste modelo, foram representados como funções de pertinência. Um programa computacional foi desenvolvido para este estudo codificado em linguagem FORTRAN 90, que permite construir modelos de simulações para qualidade da água, com base na metodologia proposta. Foram propostos alguns cenários distintos que descrevem as alterações na qualidade da água em rios naturais, com base na investigação dos parâmetros hidráulicos, nas formações das funções de pertinência da concentração e na propagação de uma nuvem poluente. Os resultados apresentam as análises do risco de degradação ambiental, e da garantia, que são influenciadas pelos parâmetros hidráulicos e hidrológicos, ressaltando as vazões para qualquer tipo de lançamento, a declividade e rugosidade. Em síntese, a metodologia fuzzy mostrou-se uma ferramenta para o planejamento e para gestão dos recursos hídricos, e um procedimento alternativo quando aplicado aos processos de transporte de poluente
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岡村, 真純. "mRNA核外輸送因子DBP5/DDX19、GLE1、IPPKの細胞質mRNA発現ならびに細胞表現型に対する特異的な機能と影響." Kyoto University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/242773.
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Santos, Wilson Roberto Barreto dos. "REMOÇÃO DE NITROGÊNIO OU FÓSFORO PRESENTE EM EFLUENTES AGROINDUSTRIAIS PELA PRECIPITAÇÃO DE ESTRUVITA." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2011. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/7950.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorGiven the potential of the use of physical-chemical process in wastewater treatment, this project aimed to study the reduction of phosphorus and / or nitrogen present in effluents and liquid manure from pigs, meat slaughter of cattle (bovine blood) and disposal of refrigerants. The technology used in the removal of ammonia and phosphorus is its precipitation in the form of struvite (Mg (NH4) PO4.6H2O). To enable the precipitation of ammonia and phosphorus as struvite, is necessary the presence of the participants such as Mg, which will be supplied by the addition of phosphoric acid, potassium phosphate, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium oxide and ammonium chloride concentrations varied. These concentrations were added in 2.0- liter beakers and kept under agitation using a jar-test equipment. Then the samples were filtered and the precipitates were analyzed by diffraction and X-ray. The supernatant was analyzed seen a removal of nitrogen and phosphorus above 80%. The removal of these components depends on the type of effluent tested. Nitrogen and phosphorus precipitated as struvite, can be used in the formulation of fertilizer with slow release of these elements.
Tendo em vista a potencialidade do emprego de processo fisico-químico no tratamento de efluentes, este projeto teve por objetivo estudar a remoção de fósforo e nitrogênio presente em efluentes como de dejetos líquidos de suínos, frigoríficos de abate de bovinos (sangue bovino) e descartes de refrigerantes. A tecnologia empregada na remoção de nitrogênio e fósforo é a sua precipitação sob a forma de estruvita (Mg(NH4)PO4.6H2O). Para possibilitar a precipitação do nitrogênio e do fósforo como estruvita, foi necess ria a presença de substâncias como o Mg e PO4, os quais foram supridos pela adição de cido fosfórico, fosfato de potássio, hidróxido de magnésio, óxido de magnésio e cloreto de amônia em concentrações variadas. Essas concentrações foram adicionadas em reator de 2,0 L e permanecem sob agitação utilizando um equipamento jar-test . Em seguida, as amostras foram filtradas e os precipitados foram analisados por difração de raios-X. Nos sobrenadantes analisados, foi verificada uma remoção de nitrogênio e fósforo acima de 80%. A remoção destes componentes depende do tipo de efluente ensaiado. O nitrogênio e fósforo, precipitados na forma de estruvita, podem ser utilizados na formulação de fertilizante com lenta liberação destes elementos.
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Gomes, Tiago Luis. "AVALIAÇÃO QUALI-QUANTITATIVA DO PERCOLADO GERADO NO ATERRO CONTROLADO DE SANTA MARIA RS." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2005. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/7670.
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The subject of greater concern related to environmental degradation in a disposal system of urban solid wastes is the leachate generation. The high pollutant power of leachate is due to the presence of organic and inorganic composts formed during the decomposition of wastes. The inadequate leachate management can pollute environmental sites, particularly the soil, surface waters and groundwater basin. Through the verification of a system of treatment conducted by stabilization ponds it is possible to evaluate the efficiency of the process responsible for the removal of pollutants and to esteem the impact generated by the outflow in a receptor. This evaluation aimed to study the environmental impact generated in Caturrita's Landfill, located in Santa Maria RS, which has a total area of 374435.72 m2 and is part of the hidrographic Sub basin of Arroio Ferreira, receiving approximately 150 ton/day of urban solid wastes. Through Swiss, Rational and Balance Water Methods, leachate flows were estimated and checked by real measurements which took place on the site, thus determining the methodology employed in the quantitative evaluation of the leachate which was generated. The qualitative evaluation consisted of a monitoring system that was conducted from August 2003 to March 2005. It presented characteristics of the leachate generated during the disposal of solid wastes, as well as characteristics of the quality of water in the outflow receptor of the system of treatment of leachate. This evaluation enabled the determination of the effectiveness concerning the system of ponds used for stabilization, together with the determination of the outflow impact and the present degradation status of the landfill. The quantitative results were obtained through the use of error graphs evaluation for long series (data gathered from 34 years of precipitation and 29 years of evapotranspiration) and short series (between May 2004 and April 2005 for precipitation and evapotranspiration) and presented for the Balance Water, Rational and Swiss Methods, 31%, 13% and 34% of error rate, considering long historic series of data; and 48%, 21% and 76%, considering short historic series of data. Regarding the qualitative aspects of leachate, more precisely its degradation status (solid waste degradation), showing a confidence level of 95%, the mean ratio found between BOD/COD was 0.46± 0.08 and concerning the PH it was 7.9 ± 0.14. The mean effectiveness of the system of treatment was 69±11% when BOD was removed and 58±10% when COD was removed. In 92 % of the cases, the outflow presented BOD values above the maximum limit of 200 mg/L. A similar situation is observed regarding the COD parameter, presenting a maximum limit of 450 mg/L. The Balance Water Method proved to be apt to be used in dimensioning processes of systems of treatment of outflows, showing a mean error of 34% above the real flow and was susceptible to the real montly tendencies. The degradation processes of leachate in Caturrita's Landfill were found in the end of the final acidogenic phase, due to the values found for the ratio BOD/COD and the PH, enphasizing how much organic matter is still possible to be degraded. The mean effectiveness of the system of ponds of treatment was showed to be insufficient, considering that the mean concentration on the site is 390± 91mg/L (outflow site) for the first and 1403±209 mg/L (outflow site) for the second. In order to meet the values indicated by law (Portaria 05/89 SSMA RS), it would be necessary a concentration inferior to 200 mg/L for BOD and 450 mg/L for COD.A questão de maior preocupação quanto à degradação ambiental em um sistema de disposição de resíduos sólidos urbanos é a geração de percolado (lixiviado ou chorume). A elevada carga poluidora presente no percolado é devido à presença de compostos de origem orgânica e inorgânica formados durante a decomposição dos resíduos. O gerenciamento inadequado deste percolado pode levar à poluição dos compartimentos ambientais, em particular, o solo, águas superficiais e águas subterrâneas. Através do monitoramento do sistema de tratamento por lagoas de estabilização é possível avaliar a eficiência do processo de remoção de poluentes e estimar o impacto gerado no lançamento dos efluentes em um corpo receptor. Neste trabalho, estudou-se o impacto ambiental gerado no Aterro Controlado da Caturrita, localizado no município de Santa Maria RS, inserido na Sub-Bacia hidrográfica do Arroio Ferreira, com área total de 374.435,72 m2, recebendo aproximadamente 150 ton/dia de resíduos sólidos urbanos. Pelos Métodos Suíço, Racional e Balanço Hídrico, fez-se estimativas de vazões de percolado aferidas por medições reais no local, determinando a metodologia empregada na avaliação quantitativa do percolado gerado. Quanto à avaliação qualitativa, a mesma consistiu no monitoramento compreendido entre Agosto de 2003 e Março de 2005, apresentado características do percolado gerado durante a disposição dos resíduos sólidos e na qualidade da água no corpo receptor do efluente do sistema de tratamento de percolado, possibilitando determinar a eficiência do sistema das lagoas de estabilização, o impacto do lançamento de efluentes e o estado de degradação atual do aterro. Nos resultados quantitativos, utilizando gráficos de avaliação de erros para séries longas (dados de 34 anos para precipitação e 29 para evapotranspiração) e curtas (entre Maio de 2004 e Abril de 2005 para a precipitação e evapotranspiração), obteve-se para os Métodos do Balanço Hídrico, Racional e Suíço, respectivamente, 31%, 13% e 34% de erros, considerando séries históricas longas de dados, e 48%, 21% e 76%, considerando séries históricas curtas de dados. Para os aspectos qualitativos do percolado, quanto ao estado de degradação dos resíduos, com nível de confiança de 95% a razão média encontrada entre DBO/DQO foi de 0,46±0,08 e para o pH igual a 7,9±0,14. A eficiência média do sistema de tratamento foi de 69±11% na remoção da DBO e 58±10% para a DQO. Em 92% das ocorrências o efluente apresentou valores de DBO acima do limite máximo de 200 mg/L. Situação semelhante é observada para o parâmetro DQO, que apresenta um limite máximo de 450 mg/L. O Método do Balanço Hídrico mostrou-se apto para utilização em dimensionamentos de sistemas de tratamento de efluentes com erro médio calculado de 34% acima da vazão real e se mostrando suscetível às tendências mensais reais. Os processos de degradação do percolado no aterro da Caturrita encontram-se no fim da fase acidogênica final, em virtude dos valores encontrados para razão DBO/DQO e pH, evidenciando o quanto ainda é possível degradar de matéria orgânica. A eficiência média do sistema de lagoas de tratamento, apresentou-se insuficiente, uma vez que a média de concentração do local é de 390±91 mg/L (ponto efluente) para a primeira e 1403±209 mg/L (ponto efluente) para a segunda, sendo que para atender a Portaria 05/89 SSMA-RS seria necessário uma concentração inferior a 200 mg/L para DBO e 450 mg/L para a DQO.
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Camilleri, Simon. "The genetic aetiology of ectopic maxillary canine teeth." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2013. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-genetic-aetiology-of-ectopic-maxillary-canine-teeth(229e4493-db55-43ce-bf44-7e2aa29cf54b).html.
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Introduction. The ectopic canine (EC) is a common clinical complication of dental development appearing in 1-2% of the Western population The aetiology is controversial with opinion divided as to a genetic or environmental mechanism. This study addresses the hypothesis that genetic factors play an important role in the aetiology of ectopic maxillary canines. Elucidation of the extent of genetic factors will determine the feasibility of further molecular studies to identify putative genes responsible for ectopic eruption and aid in their identification. Molecular control of tooth eruption would reduce or eliminate the need for surgical procedures associated with buried and impacted teeth and facilitate treatment of those dentofacial anomalies where failure of tooth eruption is a feature. Methods. The study is divided into five parts: 1. A segregation analysis was carried out on 63 pedigrees where a proband was identified as affected with EC, in order to determine whether a genetic component does exist and to provide parameters for further investigation by linkage analysis. 2. Following a positive result from the segregation analysis, linkage analysis was carried out on DNA obtained from an informative, three generation family with seven affected members. 3. Whole exome sequencing was carried out on two distantly related affected members of this family, common, novel and rare variants being identified. 4. The exons and intron-exon junctions of the candidate genes were sequenced using Sanger sequencing in the family and in 18 unrelated cases of EC. 5. In situ hybridisation was carried out using the genes ANO5 and PPP1R14C. Results. Results. The segregation analysis identified a major genetic component with autosomal dominant transmission and the likelihood of a single major locus being involved. The linkage analysis identified several regions of interest and this data was used to filter the results of the exome sequencing. The presence of variations in both PPP1R14C and ANO5 were necessary to precipitate the phenotype. Sanger sequencing of unaffected family members and of unrelated cases showed no similar variants. In situ hybridisation showed both PPP1R14C and ANO5 to be expressed in tooth and supporting tissues, leading to a supposition of digenic inheritance. Conclusion. The genes PPP1R14C and ANO5 are implicated in the aetiology of EC in a digenic inheritance pattern in this family. Further sequencing of affected families and functional studies are required as well as investigation of the methylation status of discordant monozygotic twins.
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Kachkovskiy, Ilya. "Almost commuting elements of real rank zero C*-algebras." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2013. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/almost-commuting-elements-of-real-rank-zero-calgebras(1c891b23-dba5-4395-99dc-2884cbeb3bfb).html.
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The purpose of this thesis is to study the following problem. Suppose that X,Y are bounded self-adjoint operators in a Hilbert space H with their commutator [X,Y] being small. Such operators are called almost commuting. How close is the pair X,Y to a pair of commuting operators X',Y'? In terms of one operator A = X + iY, suppose that the self-commutator [A,A*] is small. How close is A to the set of normal operators? Our main result is a quantitative analogue of Huaxin Lin's theorem on almost commuting matrices. We prove that for every (n x n)-matrix A with ||A|| ≤ 1 there exists a normal matrix A' such that ||A-A'|| ≤ C||[A,A*]||¹/³. We also establish a general version of this result for arbitrary C*-algebras of real rank zero assuming that A satisfies a certain index-type condition. For operators in Hilbert spaces, we obtain two-sided estimates of the distance to the set of normal operators in terms of ||[A,A*]|| and the distance from A to the set of invertible operators. The technique is based on Davidson's results on extensions of almost normal operators, Alexandrov and Peller's results on operator and commutator Lipschitz functions, and a refined version of Filonov and Safarov's results on approximate spectral projections in C*-algebras of real rank zero. In Chapter 4 we prove an analogue of Lin's theorem for finite matrices with respect to the normalized Hilbert-Schmidt norm. It is a renement of a previously known result by Glebsky, and is rather elementary. In Chapter 5 we construct a calculus of polynomials for almost commuting elements of C*-algebras and study its spectral mapping properties. Chapters 4 and 5 are based on author's joint results with Nikolay Filonov.
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Mu, Junxia. "Design and application of advanced control methods to gas turbines and networked systems." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2005. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/design-and-application-of-advanced-control-methods-to-gas-turbines-and-networked-systems(c6311aed-db75-415a-8b2a-f1594479f685).html.
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This thesis deals with the design and application of modern control techniques to a Rolls Royce aircraft gas turbine engine and networked systems. It is motivated by the need to fully exploit recent advances in control engineering and investigate the suitability of various control methods to gas turbine engines and networked systems. The main contributions of the first part of the thesis relate to the gas turbine engine control. Due to the nonlinearities of the gas turbine engines, the rate limiter and saturation constraints on the fuel feed, the aim is to illustrate the potential of a global nonlinear controller to cover the engine operating range. Several nonlinear control methods, gain-scheduling PID controller, approximate model predictive control (AMPC) and nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC), are presented along with the corresponding control algorithms. Since the parameters in a gain-scheduling PID controller change with the operating range, the need is apparent for a global nonlinear controller to cover its operating range. AMPC and NMPC are then demonstrated to be capable of providing a global nonlinear controller for the engine and can be used in the place of the gain scheduling PID controller. It is shown that AMPC is more preferable than NMPC if computational time is at a premium. The main theme of the second part of the thesis is the design and application of the networked predictive control (NPC) to compensate for the network delay and data packet dropout in both forward and backward channels for networked systems. NPC using both modified model predictive control and generic polynomial method is presented along with the corresponding control algorithms. For both approaches, the system stability for a fixed network delay is presented and an analytical stability criterion is obtained. This provides some guidelines on how to choose the NPC parameters in the case of random network delay. The performance of NPC can be further improved by using a robust NPC (RNPC). To validate the performance using the proposed control methods, a servo motor system is then used for both Intranet and Internet based simulations and practical experiments. A networked control test rig along with the network delay measurement method is used for real-time implementation. It is shown that both NPC and RNPC can efficiently compensate for the network delay and data packet dropout in both channels. This thesis provides basis for the real-time implementation of advanced control methods in gas turbine engines. While this work was applied to a gas turbine engine, these techniques can be applied to a range of nonlinear control systems. The work on the networked predictive control presented in this thesis can provide basis for further research relating to this area.
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Samir, Uzzaman Mohammad. "Algorithms and optimized implementations in context of circular string and relevant web security." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2017. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/algorithms-and-optimized-implementations-in-context-of-circular-string-and-relevant-web-security(3f33c6b0-db65-4a39-baa3-d241963deb1e).html.
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Ammonia plays a central role in the pathogenesis of cerebral oedema in paracetamol-induced acute liver failure (PALF). Infection and inflammation play an important synergistic role in its development. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) sense pathogens and induce inflammation but whether this contributes to the development of cerebral oedema in PALF remains unknown. I postulated that ammonia-induced cerebral oedema and immune dysfunction are mediated by TLR9 and aimed to determine whether this could be prevented in a hyperammonemic TLR9 knockout mouse model. TLR9 expression on circulating neutrophils and their function in PALF was assessed. To examine the influence of PALF plasma and endogenous DNA on TLR9 expression, healthy neutrophils were incubated with PALF plasma with/without DNase. Ammonium acetate (NH4-Ac) was injected intraperitoneally in wild type Black6 (WT-B6), TLR9-/- B6 mice and TLR9fl/fl LysCre B6 mice with TLR9 deleted from neutrophils and macrophages. The TLR9 antagonist ODN2088 was also evaluated. Neutrophil TLR9 correlated with plasma IL-8 and ammonia concentration and increased with severity of hepatic encephalopathy and systemic inflammation. Healthy neutrophil TLR9 expression increased upon stimulation with PALF plasma which was abrogated by pre-incubation with DNase. Following NH4-Ac stimulation, intracellular cytokine (IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-6) production of lymphocytes and macrophages were increased in WT-B6 mice compared to controls. This was accompanied by increased brain water however in TLR9-/-, cytokine production and brain water content were decreased. This was seen similarly in WT-B6 administered the TLR9 antagonist ODN2088 in conjunction with NH4-Ac. TLR9fl/fl LysCre mice had decreased cytokine production and brain water compared to the TLR9fl/fl group following NH4-Ac injection. Total DNA levels were increased in the circulation after NH4-Ac injection. In summary, ammonia-induced cerebral oedema and immune dysfunction are mediated through TLR9 and DNA dependent. The amelioration of brain oedema and lymphocyte cytokine production by ODN2088 supports exploration of TLR9 antagonism in early PALF to prevent progression to cerebral oedema.
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Khiari, Souad. "Problèmes inverses de points sources dans les modèles de transport dispersif de contaminants : identifiabilité et observabilité." Thesis, Compiègne, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016COMP2301.
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La recherche et les questions abordées dans cette thèse sont de type inverse : la reconstitution d'une source ponctuelle ou la complétion d'une donnée à la limite inconnue à l'extrémité du domaine dans les modèles paraboliques de transport de contaminants. La modélisation mathématique des problèmes de pollution des eaux fait intervenir deux traceurs, l'oxygène dissous (OD) et la demande biochimique en oxygène (DBO) qui est la quantité d'oxygène nécessaire à la biodégradation de la matière organique. En effet, au cours des procédés d'autoépuration, certaines bactéries aérobies jouent un rôle principal. Ces micro-organismes décomposent les matières organiques polluantes en utilisant l'oxygène dissous dans le milieu. Afin de compenser ces données manquantes, les champs, solutions du problème, sont observés directement ou indirectement. Les problèmes inverses qui en résultent sont quasi certainement mal-posés voire même sévèrement mal-posés pour la plupart. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons justement une analyse aussi poussée que possible sur la question de l'identifiabilité pour les deux problèmes inverses décrits ci-dessus. Nous avons démontré un résultat d'unicité pour des sources fixes dans le cas d'observations décalées. La réalité pour l'observation est nuancée et l'idéal n'est pas acquis ; des mesures directes sur la DBO sont difficiles à obtenir. En revanche collecter des données sur l'OD est possible en temps réel et avec un faible coût. La DBO est donc observée de façon indirecte, grâce au couplage dans le système de Streeter et Phelps, l'information passe de l'OD à la DBO. Pour ce problème aussi, nous avons produit un résultat d'unicité pour la reconstruction de la source ou puits ponctuel qui serait présent dans l'équation de transport sur l'OD. Nous avons ensuite examiné des questions annexes à l'identifiabilité telles que le degré d'instabilité des équations à résoudre. De ce type d'informations dépendent le comportement des méthodes numériques et des algorithmes de calcul à utiliserThe research and the questions approached on this thesis are inverse type : the reconstruction of point-wise source or the data completion problem in parabolic models of transport of contaminants. The mathematical modelling of the problems of water pollution includes two tracers, the dissolved oxygen (DO) and the biochemical demand in oxygen (BDO) which is the quantity of oxygen necessary for the biodegradation of organic matter. Indeed, during the biodegradation process, aerobic bacteria play a leading part. These micro-organisms decompose polluting organic matters by using the dissolved oxygen in the middle. To compensate these missing data, fields, solutions of the problem, are observed directly or indirectly. The resulting inverse problems are ill-posed. Their mathematical study rises big complications and their numerical treatment isn't easy. We demonstrated a uniqueness result for fixed sources in the case of moved observations. The reality for the observation is qualified and the ideal is not acquired; direct measures on the BOD are difficult to obtain. On the Other hand to collect data on the DO is possible in real time With a moderate cost. The BOD is thus observed in indirect way, thanks to the coupling in the system of Streeter and Phelps, the information passes from the DO to the BOD. For this problem, we produced a uniqueness result for the reconstruction of source. Then, we examined the degree of instability of the equation to be solved. The behaviour of numerical methods depend on this type of information
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Neumann, Bettina. "Studies on the DEAD-box RNA-helicase Dbp5 and the ABC-protein Rli1 in translation termination and identification of a novel function of Dbp5 in ribosomal transport." Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0023-9607-4.
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LIN, ZI-HAN, and 林子寒. "Development of DBO Model Based on Machine Learning." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2ap65z.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
自動化及控制研究所
106
Overlay metrology is a crucial process in the advanced process nodes of semiconductor manufacturing. Accurately measuring the overlay between the process layers effectively reduces the rework rate. Diffraction based overlay (DBO) is regarded as a critical overlay metrology technique, it can place the dedicated overlay targets in the wafer fields for measurement, this technique is called μDBO. However, the μDBO overlay target is quite vulnerable to the destruction of the process leading to significant errors in the measurement. This study focuses on the analysis and improvement of the case where the μDBO overlay targets have an existed asymmetric side-wall angle (ASWA) in the underlying grating. This thesis proposes to use rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA) based on the diffraction theory to simulate numerous pupil images, and then input it to BP network for training after extracting important features via two-directional two-dimensional PCA from the images. Finally, the author establishes an new overlay model. This model can predict accurate overlay without using the traditional μDBO calculation formula. There are 40 types of overlay targets analyzed in this study, and a total of 25,200 simulation data generated. The overlay model corresponding to each overlay target is tested repeatedly for 10 times. The mean square error (MSE) for the prediction results of the test set is 3.66e-10 in average but the average overlay MSE based on the conventional μDBO formula is approximately 2.508. The estimation error caused by the ASWA in the underlying grating of overlay target is successfully improved by the proposed overlay model, and the accuracy of the μDBO measurement is effectively enhanced.
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Moeller, Holger von [Verfasser]. "Structural and biochemical studies of the human DEAD-box helicase Dbp5 and nucleoporin Nup214 involved in mRNA export / Holger von Moeller." 2009. http://d-nb.info/1000048780/34.
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Beißel, Christian. "The RNA helicase Dbp5/DDX19 regulates the ribosomal entry of eRF1-eRF3 and Dom34-Hbs1 in translation termination and cytoplasmic mRNA quality control." Doctoral thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/21.11130/00-1735-0000-0005-13A5-B.
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Hsu, Chih-Chieh, and 許智傑. "A research proposal for framing the contract clauses about the public construction procured on a DBO basis -Perspective based on FIDIC Condition of contract for Design, Build and Operate Projects." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/53322290186936153723.
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碩士國立中央大學
營建管理研究所
96
Conducting procurement on a Design-Build or Turnkey basis, the entity may procure the construction with the less contract price but after taking over the facility , the entity may need additional expenses to operate the facility. FIDIC thinks that a project which is essentially made up of two principle periods – the Design-Build period and the Operation period – as a single contract with a single contractor – rather than use the FIDIC Silver Book for the Design-Build and prepare a new document for the Operation part. The commitment of the contractor to the complete project - and the best way to do that is to cover the whole D-B plus the operation elements in a single contract. The DBO approach to contracting combines design, construction and long-term operation and maintenance of a facility into one single contract awarded to a single contractor. DBO contract has a principal advantage-optimization of life-cycle costs. The format of a DBO arrangement can be based on FIDIC Silver Book. Either is quite common, however the contractual requirements and procedures are quite different. If the entity want to conducting procurement on a DBO basis based on actual needs, since there is yet a standardized from of DBO to be followed. Therefore, how to properly frame the DBO contract clauses about public construction are essential issues worth to study now. In this research, problems and corresponding solutions in performing contracts are summarized by comparing the differences between FIDIC DBO and FIDIC EPC to figure out the right and responsibilities and right between both parties during the operate period. Next, identify problems about contract on public construction from some case studies and investigation reports on contract disputes. Then, referenced some comprehensive literature and proposed a feasible checking items for operate period of contracts which is more practical.
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Jatto, Lucky Bryce Junior. "A review of the impact of Canadian law, policy and P3 practice on the case for procuring capital-intensive infrastructure services via P3s." 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/4830.
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This dissertation investigates the advantages of procuring capital-intensive infrastructure services via Public-Private Partnerships (P3s or PPPs) – cost and time savings and; innovation and high levels of efficiency – accounting for these advantages by reference to the underlying legal provisions and principles that facilitate them; and in this process highlights two significant directions in which Canadian P3 law, policy and practice has evolved – the enactment of P3 legislation and/or the formulation of non-statutory P3-related policy; as well as the establishment of legal institutions that promote and/or facilitate P3 procurements. The dissertation also addresses key arguments raised against P3s, by reference to aspects of Canadian law, policy and P3 practice. The research methodology comprises a detailed review of legal and non-legal sources. The implication of the research findings is that, given the foregoing developments in Canadian P3 law, policy and practice, the key arguments canvassed against P3s are overstated and lacking in merit.
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Jatto, Lucky Bryce Jr. "A review of the impact of Canadian law, policy and P3 practice on the case for procuring capital-intensive infrastructure services via P3s." 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/4830.
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This dissertation investigates the advantages of procuring capital-intensive infrastructure services via Public-Private Partnerships (P3s or PPPs) – cost and time savings and; innovation and high levels of efficiency – accounting for these advantages by reference to the underlying legal provisions and principles that facilitate them; and in this process highlights two significant directions in which Canadian P3 law, policy and practice has evolved – the enactment of P3 legislation and/or the formulation of non-statutory P3-related policy; as well as the establishment of legal institutions that promote and/or facilitate P3 procurements. The dissertation also addresses key arguments raised against P3s, by reference to aspects of Canadian law, policy and P3 practice. The research methodology comprises a detailed review of legal and non-legal sources. The implication of the research findings is that, given the foregoing developments in Canadian P3 law, policy and practice, the key arguments canvassed against P3s are overstated and lacking in merit.