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Journal articles on the topic 'DC microgrids'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

Yusubov, Elvin, and Lala Bekirova. "Stability of metaheuristic PID controllers in photovoltaic dc microgrids." Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska 15, no. 1 (2025): 15–21. https://doi.org/10.35784/iapgos.6410.

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This article presents the stability assessment of metaheuristic PID controllers in the hierarchical control system of photovoltaic DC microgrids. Stability is a critical aspect of DC microgrid systems. PID controllers are utilized at the primary, secondary and tertiary control levels of the DC microgrid’s hierarchical control system. Tuning of multiple PID controllers using traditional methods such as Ziegler-Nichols and Cohen-Coon tuning techniques becomes challenging under dynamic conditions of photovoltaic DC microgrids. Metaheuristic optimization algorithms are used to construct self-tunin

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Elvin Yusubov, Elvin Yusubov. "ROBUSTNESS AND CONTROL ISSUES OF DC MICROGRIDS." PAHTEI-Procedings of Azerbaijan High Technical Educational Institutions 47, no. 12 (2024): 29–39. https://doi.org/10.36962/pahtei47122024-03.

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DC microgrids have a number of advantages compared to traditional AC systems, including enhanced stability, better integration of renewable energy sources, and improved reliability. However, there are many challenges in DC microgrids that must be solved before the wide adoption of their use. This article focuses on the key problems associated with DC microgrids, including voltage stability, fault management, and power quality. Besides, a number of control strategies and technologies are developed to enhance the performance of DC microgrids. Keywords: Information measurement system, DC-DC conve

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3

Yang, Da Wei, Jian Hua Yang, Fei Lin, Jian Su, and Hai Tao Liu. "Application and Selection to AC and DC Voltage Grades for Microgrids." Advanced Materials Research 791-793 (September 2013): 1876–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.791-793.1876.

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Distributed resources and microgrids may be designed for power supply in some area. AC-DC or DC-AC conversions are required in microgrids because of DC distributed resources, e.g. photovoltaic arrays. In this paper some factors are considered for determining the voltage grades of microgrids, both AC grid and DC grid, according to comprehensive analysis of microgrid design and operation. The factors include microgrid or distributed resource capacity, efficiency, cost, safety and so on. The line length, microgrid capacity and economic impacts are taken into account for selecting the voltage grad

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4

Zhao and Wang. "Comprehensive Evaluation of AC/DC Hybrid Microgrid Planning Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process and Entropy Weight Method." Applied Sciences 9, no. 18 (2019): 3843. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9183843.

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The comprehensive evaluation of AC/DC hybrid microgrid planning can provide reference for the planning of AC/DC hybrid microgrids. This is conducive to the realization of reasonable and effective microgrid planning. Aiming at comprehensive evaluation of AC/DC hybrid microgrids, this paper establishes an evaluation index system for planning of AC/DC hybrid microgrids. This paper combines the subjective evaluation method with the objective evaluation method, and proposes a comprehensive evaluation method of AC/DC hybrid microgrid planning based on analytic hierarchy process and the entropy weigh

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Rangarajan, Shriram S., Rahul Raman, Amritpal Singh, et al. "DC Microgrids: A Propitious Smart Grid Paradigm for Smart Cities." Smart Cities 6, no. 4 (2023): 1690–718. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/smartcities6040079.

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Recent years have seen a surge in interest in DC microgrids as DC loads and DC sources like solar photovoltaic systems, fuel cells, batteries, and other options have become more mainstream. As more distributed energy resources (DERs) are integrated into an existing smart grid, DC networks have come to the forefront of the industry. DC systems completely sidestep the need for synchronization, reactive power control, and frequency control. DC systems are more dependable and productive than ever before because AC systems are prone to all of these issues. There is a lot of unrealized potential in

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Azeem, Omar, Mujtaba Ali, Ghulam Abbas, et al. "A Comprehensive Review on Integration Challenges, Optimization Techniques and Control Strategies of Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid." Applied Sciences 11, no. 14 (2021): 6242. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11146242.

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The depletion of natural resources and the intermittence of renewable energy resources have pressed the need for a hybrid microgrid, combining the benefits of both AC and DC microgrids, minimizing the overall deficiency shortcomings and increasing the reliability of the system. The hybrid microgrid also supports the decentralized grid control structure, aligning with the current scattered and concentrated load scenarios. Hence, there is an increasing need to explore and reveal the integration, optimization, and control strategies regarding the hybrid microgrid. A comprehensive study of hybrid

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Li, Peng, Huixuan Li, Yuanzhao Hao, Xianyu Yue, Wenjing Zu, and Hongkai Zhang. "Optimal planning of wind and solar complementary AC/DC microgrids under distributed power capacity constraints." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2846, no. 1 (2024): 012021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2846/1/012021.

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Abstract The conventional AC/DC microgrid wind-solar complementary optimization planning method mainly uses the CvaR (conditional value at risk) risk value stochastic model to calculate the randomness of output electricity price, which is vulnerable to changes in load expectations, resulting in the per unit value of photovoltaic load output not meeting the actual demand of the microgrid. Therefore, under the constraints of distributed generation capacity, an optimal planning method of wind-solar complementation for AC/DC microgrids is designed. That is to say, considering the distributed gener

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Zhao, Ensheng, Yang Han, Hao Zeng, et al. "Accurate Peer-to-Peer Hierarchical Control Method for Hybrid DC Microgrid Clusters." Energies 16, no. 1 (2022): 421. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16010421.

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Hybrid DC microgrid clusters contain various types of converters such as BOOST, BUCK, and bidirectional DC/DC converters, making the control strategy complex and difficult to achieve plug-and-play. The common master–slave hierarchical control strategy makes it difficult to achieve accurate and stable system control. This paper proposes an accurate peer-to-peer hierarchical control method for the hybrid DC microgrid cluster, and the working principle of this hierarchical control method is analyzed in detail. The microgrid cluster consists of three sub-microgrids, where sub-microgrid A consists

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Yamuna, Pagidela, and N. Visali. "Optimal Coordination of Hybrid AC/DC Microgrids based on IEEE-12 Bus System: An Analytical Approach." International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research 12, ETEVS (2024): 07–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.37391/ijeer.12et-evs02.

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Recently, the microgrid's design and implementation techniques have placed a significant emphasis on alternating current (AC) systems. Due to their many benefits, DC microgrids are becoming more and more popular than AC microgrids. The benefits include the elimination of frequency modulation and the requirement for synchronization. DC microgrids are better suited for distributed energy resources (DERs) and DC loads. When it comes to hybrid microgrids, the options are practical and reasonably priced. Graphical depictions of the voltage profiles, wind generation, and total PV generation show how

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Solano, Javier, Diego Jimenez, and Adrian Ilinca. "A Modular Simulation Testbed for Energy Management in AC/DC Microgrids." Energies 13, no. 16 (2020): 4049. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13164049.

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This paper introduces a modular testbed to simulate AC/DC microgrids. The testbed is implemented in Matlab Simulink and is based on the energetic macroscopic representation (EMR) formalism. It is designed to be a tool to evaluate energy management strategies in AC/DC microgrids. The microgrid simulation model includes a photovoltaic generator, a fuel cell system, ultracapacitors, and batteries on the DC side. It includes voltage source converters (VSC) to couple the DC side with the AC side of the microgrid, which includes a variable AC load and a synchronous generator. Two case studies illust

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Mude, Nanda R., and Pukhraj Soni. "A Systematic Review of Resilience Strategies in Active Distribution Networks." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 09, no. 07 (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem51381.

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- This paper presents a comprehensive review of microgrid architectures and the control strategies employed for various power converters. A microgrid can be described as an integrated system comprising distributed energy resources (DERs), energy storage units, and electrical loads. This innovative framework harnesses the capabilities of distributed generation technologies. In an AC microgrid, alternating current-based sources such as wind turbines are integrated along with DC-based sources like photovoltaic systems and fuel cells through inverters. Conversely, in a DC microgrid, AC sources mus

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Chang, Fangyuan, John O’Donnell, and Wencong Su. "Voltage Stability Assessment of AC/DC Hybrid Microgrid." Energies 16, no. 1 (2022): 399. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16010399.

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AC/DC hybrid microgrids are becoming potentially more attractive due to the proliferation of renewable energy sources, such as photovoltaic generation, battery energy storage systems, and wind turbines. The collaboration of AC sub-microgrids and DC sub-microgrids improves operational efficiency when multiple types of power generators and loads coexist at the power distribution level. However, the voltage stability analysis and software validation of AC/DC hybrid microgrids is a critical concern, especially with the increasing adoption of power electronic devices and various types of power gene

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Binqadhi, Hamed, Waleed M. Hamanah, Md Shafiullah, Md Shafiul Alam, Mohammad M. AlMuhaini, and Mohammad A. Abido. "A Comprehensive Survey on Advancement and Challenges of DC Microgrid Protection." Sustainability 16, no. 14 (2024): 6008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16146008.

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Extensive research has been conducted on protecting alternating current (AC) power systems, resulting in many sophisticated protection methods and schemes. On the other hand, the natural characteristics of direct current (DC) systems pose many challenges in designing a proper protection scheme for DC microgrids (DC-MG). This paper highlights the significant challenges facing the design of effective protection methods for DC microgrids. Furthermore, several technologies and techniques presented in the literature to overcome the challenges associated with DC microgrid protection are presented in

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Khadiza, Talukder, Anjum Ananna Zarin, Islam Sadia, Hasan Mahmudul, and Chowdhury Nahid-Ur-Rahman. "A Model Based Study on the Functionality of DC Microgrids for the Sustainable Rural Electrification in Bangladesh." Journal of Control System and its Recent Developments 7, no. 2 (2024): 7–17. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11159326.

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<em>The rising demand for various direct current (DC) sources and loads, such as solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, fuel cells, and batteries, is driving the increasing popularity of DC microgrids. These systems are crucial due to their ability to integrate swiftly with the existing electrical infrastructure. In Bangladesh, a significant number of rural households lack access to electricity, underscoring the need for innovative energy solutions like DC microgrids. This paper provides an in-depth examination of DC microgrids, offering a comparative analysis of multiple microgrid systems specifica

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Li, Miao, Daming Zhang, Shibo Lu, Xiuhui Tang, and Toan Phung. "Differential Evolution-Based Overcurrent Protection for DC Microgrids." Energies 14, no. 16 (2021): 5026. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14165026.

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DC microgrids have advantages over AC microgrids in terms of system efficiency, cost, and system size. However, a well-designed overcurrent protection approach for DC microgrids remains a challenge. Recognizing this, this paper presents a novel differential evolution (DE) based protection framework for DC microgrids. First, a simplified DC microgrid model is adopted to provide the analytical basis of the DE algorithm. The simplified model does not sacrifice performance criterion in steady-state simulation, which is verified through extensive simulation studies. A DE-based novel overcurrent pro

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Abdali, Ali, Kazem Mazlumi, and Josep M. Guerrero. "Integrated Control and Protection Architecture for Islanded PV-Battery DC Microgrids: Design, Analysis and Experimental Verification." Applied Sciences 10, no. 24 (2020): 8847. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10248847.

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Direct current (dc) microgrids have gained significant interest in research due to dc generation/storage technologies—such as photovoltaics (PV) and batteries—increasing performance and reducing in cost. However, proper protection and control systems are critical in order to make dc microgrids feasible. This paper aims to propose a novel integrated control and protection scheme by using the state-dependent Riccati equation (SDRE) method for PV-battery based islanded dc microgrids. The dc microgrid under study consists of photovoltaic (PV) generation, a battery energy storage system (BESS), a c

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Lv, Jiechao, Xiaoli Wang, Guishuo Wang, and Yuhou Song. "Research on Control Strategy of Isolated DC Microgrid Based on SOC of Energy Storage System." Electronics 10, no. 7 (2021): 834. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10070834.

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With the rapid development of renewable energy technologies, islanded DC microgrids have received extensive attention in the field of distributed power generation due to their plug-and-play, flexible operation modes and convenient power conversion, and are likely to be one of the mainstream structures of microgrids in the future. The islanded DC microgrid contains multiple distributed power generation units. The battery energy storage system (BESS) is the main controlled unit used to smooth power fluctuations. The main parameter of concern is the state of charge (SOC). In order to maintain the

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18

Manohar, Kalangiri, and Kottala Padma. "Voltage stability of a photovoltaic DC microgrid using fuzzy logic controller." International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) 13, no. 1 (2024): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijape.v13.i1.pp234-246.

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This article employs a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) to investigate voltage stability in a PV-based DC microgrid. Several photovoltaic (PV) modules, a DC-DC converter, and loads make up the microgrid. Due to the widespread use of intermittent PV power, voltage stability is a crucial problem for DC microgrids and is difficult to accomplish. This study proposes an FLC-based voltage control technique that leverages input factors including PV output power, DC-DC converter duty cycle, and load current to identify the best course of action for preserving the system's voltage stability. The FLC's perf

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Manohar, Kalangiri, and Kottala Padma. "Voltage stability of a photovoltaic DC microgrid using fuzzy logic controller." International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) 13, no. 1 (2024): 234–46. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijape.v13.i1.pp234-246.

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This article employs a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) to investigate voltage stability in a PV-based DC microgrid. Several photovoltaic (PV) modules, a DC-DC converter, and loads make up the microgrid. Due to the widespread use of intermittent PV power, voltage stability is a crucial problem for DC microgrids and is difficult to accomplish. This study proposes an FLC-based voltage control technique that leverages input factors including PV output power, DC-DC converter duty cycle, and load current to identify the best course of action for preserving the system's voltage stability. The FLC's perf

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Li, Dexiong, Yiqi Liu, Yong Gu, and Huijuan Qi. "Looped-chain-based active current sharing strategy in DC microgrids." Archives of Electrical Engineering 66, no. 3 (2017): 559–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aee-2017-0042.

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AbstractThe integration of renewable energy sources in modern electric grids have drawn increasing attention nowadays. In order to effectively manage large-scale renewable energy sources and achieve flexible and efficient operation, the concept of microgrids have been proposed. Considering the nature of DC outputs in many distributed energy resources (DERs), DC microgrids have been extensively studied in the past years. Among the operational issues in DC microgrids, current sharing issues have become an important topic since it is highly relevant to the operation of DC microgrids. By adopting

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Seeramshetti, Mamatha, and Mallesham Gaddam. "Performance analysis of interlinking converter exchanging power between AC/DC renewable microgrids with advanced control technique." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 15, no. 4 (2024): 2344. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v15.i4.pp2344-2356.

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In a distribution system there are many types of AC/DC microgrids integrated at different locations. These microgrids may contain conventional or renewable sources which generate power using natural resources. The power generated by these microgrid sources is uncertain as the natural resources are unpredictable. Therefore, powers from these AC/DC micro grids need to be shared so as to compensate the load demand throughout the distribution system. An interlinking converter (ILC) is connected between the AC/DC microgrids operated by a novel advanced PQ control technique. Both the DC and AC micro

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Seeramshetti, Mamatha, and Mallesham Gaddam. "Performance analysis of interlinking converter exchanging power between AC/DC renewable microgrids with advanced control technique." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 15, no. 4 (2024): 2344–56. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v15.i4.pp2344-2356.

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In a distribution system there are many types of AC/DC microgrids integrated at different locations. These microgrids may contain conventional or renewable sources which generate power using natural resources. The power generated by these microgrid sources is uncertain as the natural resources are unpredictable. Therefore, powers from these AC/DC micro grids need to be shared so as to compensate the load demand throughout the distribution system. An interlinking converter (ILC) is connected between the AC/DC microgrids operated by a novel advanced PQ control technique. Both the DC and AC micro

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Sousa, António, Bernhard Grasel, and José Baptista. "Stability Analysis of DC Microgrids: Insights for Enhancing Renewable Energy Integration, Efficiency and Power Quality." Applied Sciences 14, no. 24 (2024): 11851. https://doi.org/10.3390/app142411851.

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In the current context of smart grids, microgrids have proven to be an effective solution to meet the energy needs of neighborhoods and collective buildings. This study investigates the voltage behavior and other critical parameters within a direct current (DC) microgrid to enhance system efficiency, stability, and reliability. The dynamic performance of a DC microgrid is analyzed under varying load and generation conditions, with particular emphasis on the voltage response and load-sharing mechanisms required to ensure stable operation. The findings indicate that specific control strategies,

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Rezaei, Omid, Omid Mirzapour, Mohammad Panahazari, and Hassan Gholami. "Hybrid AC/DC Provisional Microgrid Planning Model Considering Converter Aging." Electricity 3, no. 2 (2022): 236–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electricity3020014.

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Renewable energy deployment through distributed energy resources is among the central goals of future power systems. Microgrids have proven to be an economically viable solution for distributed energy resources’ integration into the power system and benefits customers with uninterrupted power supply. In this context, provisional microgrids have been introduced with the main goal of rapid renewable energy resource deployment. Since a considerable portion of renewable energy resources, as well as residential loads, are DC, and this portion is expected to grow even further, hybrid AC/DC design of

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Widagdo, Reza Sarwo, Aris Heri Andriawan, and Ratna Hartayu. "Harmonic Mitigation in Microgrid to Improve Power Quality." Jurnal Teknologi Elektro 15, no. 1 (2024): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.22441/jte.2024.v15i1.003.

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Microgrids are a technology that is developing quite rapidly and is attracting world attention in facing the energy and pollution crisis. There are three types of microgrid structures: AC, DC, and AC-DC hybrid microgrid. Because it consists of an AC bus and a DC bus, AC-DC hybrid microgrids can connect more types of Distributed Generation (DG) and have smaller converter losses, making it more economical and reliable than other types of microgrids. Due to the use of nonlinear devices, harmonic distortion in microgrids is a problem that needs to be solved. In this research, the AC-DC hybrid micr

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Chaudhari, Hitesh R. "Solar Powered DC Micro Grid for Transmission Line." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 5 (2023): 7541–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.53438.

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Abstract: The increasing demand for sustainable and renewable energy solutions has prompted the exploration of solar power as a viable alternative to traditional fossil fuel-based energy sources. To efficiently transmit and distribute solar power, the integration of direct current (DC) transmission systems has gained attention due to their inherent advantages, such as lower losses and improved efficiency. However, the widespread adoption of solar-powered DC microgrids for transmission remains limited. This research paper aims to address this gap by investigating the feasibility and viability o

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Mohanty, Satyajit, Ankit Bhanja, Shivam Prakash Gautam, et al. "Review of a Comprehensive Analysis of Planning, Functionality, Control, and Protection for Direct Current Microgrids." Sustainability 15, no. 21 (2023): 15405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su152115405.

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Microgrids have emerged as a feasible solution for consumers, comprising Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) and local loads within a smaller geographical area. They are capable of operating either autonomously or in coordination with the main power grid. As compared to Alternating Current (AC) microgrid, Direct Current (DC) microgrid helps with grid modernisation, which enhances the integration of Distributed and Renewable energy sources, which promotes energy efficiency and reduces losses. The integration of energy storage systems (ESS) into microgrids has garnered significant attention due

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Srinivas, Nirupama P., and Sangeeta Modi. "A CURRENT RETENTION BASED PROTECTION ALGORITHM FOR DC MICROGRIDS." Journal of Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences 8, no. 1 (2023): 461–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.46565/jreas.202381461-467.

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Microgrids have been identified as a step towards goals of global green energy generation as they offer attractive options of renewable resource inclusion in decentralized energy networks, thus providing incentive towards meeting a booming energy demand sustainably. They are however impaired by the characteristic nature of Distributed Renewable Energy Resources (DRERs). While DRERs and microgrids offer the advantage of sustainable energy generation and autonomous operation with respect to the traditional grid, their intermittency and unconventional characteristics due to deviation from the tra

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Ahmed, Kafeel, Irfan Hussain, Mehdi Seyedmahmoudian, Alex Stojcevski, and Saad Mekhilef. "Voltage Stability and Power Sharing Control of Distributed Generation Units in DC Microgrids." Energies 16, no. 20 (2023): 7038. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16207038.

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Advancements in power conversion efficiency and the growing prevalence of DC loads worldwide have underscored the importance of DC microgrids in modern energy systems. Addressing the challenges of power-sharing and voltage stability in these DC microgrids has been a prominent research focus. Sliding mode control (SMC) has demonstrated remarkable performance in various power electronic converter applications. This paper proposes the integration of universal droop control (UDC) with SMC to facilitate distributed energy resource interfacing and power-sharing control in DC microgrids. Compared to

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Aghmadi, Ahmed, and Osama A. Mohammed. "Operation and Coordinated Energy Management in Multi-Microgrids for Improved and Resilient Distributed Energy Resource Integration in Power Systems." Electronics 13, no. 2 (2024): 358. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13020358.

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Multi-microgrids (MMGs) revolutionize integrating and managing diverse distributed energy resources (DERs), significantly enhancing the overall efficiency of energy systems. Unlike traditional power systems, MMGs comprise interconnected microgrids that operate independently or collaboratively. This innovative concept adeptly addresses challenges posed by pulsed load effects, capitalizing on the cooperative nature of interconnected microgrids. A coordinated MMG system effectively redistributes and shares the impact of pulsed loads, mitigating voltage fluctuations and ensuring sustained system s

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Chen, Yong, Ruixiong Yang, Yingjie Zeng, and Shuping Gao. "Arc fault detection method for DC microgrid based on multiple features." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2935, no. 1 (2025): 012006. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2935/1/012006.

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Abstract DC microgrids can improve energy structure change and enhance the use of new energy sources. However, it is challenging to find series arcs in DC microgrid systems. In order to detect series arc faults in DC microgrids, this study suggests a multi-feature based approach. By calculating the standard deviation of the system arc current, the root mean square(RMS) of the d5 wavelet coefficients and the marginal spectral eigenfrequency amplitude, a triple fault criterion is constituted. Then the threshold comparison weighting method is utilized to achieve fault identification. Finally, the

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Salehimehr, Sirus, Seyed Mahdi Miraftabzadeh, and Morris Brenna. "A Novel Machine Learning-Based Approach for Fault Detection and Location in Low-Voltage DC Microgrids." Sustainability 16, no. 7 (2024): 2821. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16072821.

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DC microgrids have gained significant attention in recent years due to their potential to enhance energy efficiency, integrate renewable energy sources, and improve the resilience of power distribution systems. However, the reliable operation of DC microgrids relies on the early detection and location of faults to ensure an uninterrupted power supply. This paper aims to develop fast and reliable fault detection and location mechanisms for DC microgrids, thereby enhancing operational efficiency, minimizing environmental impact, and contributing to resource conservation and sustainability goals.

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Peres, Wesley, and Raphael Paulo Braga Poubel. "Optimal Reconfiguration of Bipolar DC Networks Using Differential Evolution." Energies 17, no. 17 (2024): 4316. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17174316.

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The search for more efficient power grids has led to the concept of microgrids, based on the integration of new-generation technologies and energy storage systems. These devices inherently operate in DC, making DC microgrids a potential solution for improving power system operation. In particular, bipolar DC microgrids offer more flexibility due to their two voltage levels. However, more complex tools, such as optimal power flow (OPF) analysis, are required to analyze these systems. In line with these requirements, this paper proposes an OPF for bipolar DC microgrid reconfiguration aimed at mi

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Xuan Hoa Thi Pham, Hien-Thanh Le, and Hai Van Tran. "Improved Controller for Interlinking Converter in Hybrid AC/DC Microgrids." Journal of Technical Education Science 19, no. 06 (2024): 95–105. https://doi.org/10.54644/jte.2024.1719.

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The AC/DC hybrid microgrids are a feasible solution to provide both AC and DC power to electrical equipment. However, the control problem to maintain voltage and frequency stability in AC/DC hybrid microgrids is essential. This paper proposes a control method for the converter to maintain voltage and frequency stability for AC/DC hybrid microgrids. The power converter will operate bidirectionally to transfer power back and forth between AC and DC subgrids in the AC/DC hybrid microgrid operating in standalone mode. The proposed control method not only controls the bidirectional power flow betwe

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Elvin Yusubov, Elvin Yusubov. "DESIGN OF AN INTELLIGENT INFORMATION MEASUREMENT SYSTEM FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC DC MICROGRIDS." PAHTEI-Procedings of Azerbaijan High Technical Educational Institutions 34, no. 11 (2023): 54–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/pahtei34112023-54.

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The integration of photovoltaic (PV) systems into direct current (DC) microgrids has garnered significant attention as a promising solution for sustainable energy distribution. In this article, the development of intelligent information measurement systems holds the utmost importance to optimize system performance, ensure stability, and facilitate efficient energy management. The aim of the research. This article presents the design of the intelligent information measurement system for PV-DC microgrids to achieve advanced functions such as power prediction, performance monitoring, fault diagno

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Shilpa Kaila. "Secondary Control Strategies in the DC Microgrids." Journal of Electrical Systems 20, no. 3 (2024): 2130–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/jes.4011.

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Now, DC microgrids have become more popular for several reasons, including the lack of issues related to reactive power and frequency control, the direct integration of energy storage devices and solar photovoltaic, and the higher utilization of DC loads. A DC microgrid using several sources (distributed generation) is a popular research area. The main issue in such a DC microgrid is to provide good voltage regulation and proportional power sharing among all sources. Control strategy is very important to solve the above issue in order to maintain the reliability and stability of DC microgrids.

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Lasabi, Olanrewaju, Andrew Swanson, Leigh Jarvis, Anuoluwapo Aluko, and Matthew Brown. "Enhanced Distributed Non-Linear Voltage Regulation and Power Apportion Technique for an Islanded DC Microgrid." Applied Sciences 13, no. 15 (2023): 8659. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13158659.

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There is a growing focus on exploring direct current (DC) microgrids in traditional power grids. A key challenge in operating these microgrids is ensuring proper current distribution among converters. While conventional droop control has been used to address this issue, it requires compensating for voltage deviations in the DC bus. This paper introduces an innovative distributed secondary control approach that effectively addresses both voltage restoration and current sharing challenges within a standalone DC microgrid. The distributed secondary control proposed in this study is integrated int

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Yamada, Hirohito. "Autonomous Decentralized Cooperative Control DC Microgrids Realized by Directly Connecting Batteries to the Baseline." Electronics 14, no. 7 (2025): 1356. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics14071356.

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Recent years have seen increasing attention paid to autonomous decentralized microgrids that are disaster-resistant and suitable for local consumption of locally generated renewable energy power. Although various methods have been discussed for achieving microgrids through autonomous decentralized cooperative control, there are few reports that have reached the stage of field testing. In this study, I propose a novel method for configuring the baseline of DC microgrids, where storage batteries are distributed and directly connected to the DC bus. I have built a testbed to demonstrate the opera

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Armghan, Ammar, Muhammad Kashif Azeem, Hammad Armghan, Ming Yang, Fayadh Alenezi, and Mudasser Hassan. "Dynamical Operation Based Robust Nonlinear Control of DC Microgrid Considering Renewable Energy Integration." Energies 14, no. 13 (2021): 3988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14133988.

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The importance of microgrids has been acknowledged with the increasing amount of research in direct current (DC) microgrids. The main reason for this is the straightforward structure and efficient performance. In this research article, double integral sliding mode controllers (DISMCs) have been proposed for energy harvesting and DC microgrid management involving renewable sources and a hybrid energy storage system (HESS). DISMC offers a better dynamic response and reduced amount of chattering than the traditional sliding mode controllers. In the first stage, the state differential model for th

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Andrade, Pedro, Adérito Neto Alcaso, Fernando Bento, and Antonio J. Marques Cardoso. "Buck-Boost DC-DC Converters for Fuel Cell Applications in DC Microgrids—State-of-the-Art." Electronics 11, no. 23 (2022): 3941. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11233941.

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The use of fuel cells in DC microgrids has been receiving a lot of attention from researchers and industry since both technologies can deliver clean energy with little to no environmental impact. To effectively integrate fuel cells in DC microgrids, a power converter that can equate the fuel cell’s voltage with the DC microgrid’s reference voltage is required. Based on the typical output voltages of fuel cells, buck-boost topologies are commonly used in this type of application. A variety of DC-DC buck-boost topologies, showing distinctive merits and drawbacks, are available in the literature.

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Alejandro, Garcés-Ruiz. "Small-signal stability analysis of dc microgrids considering electric vehicles." Revista Facultad de Ingeniería –redin-, no. 89 (October 3, 2018): 52–58. https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.redin.n89a07.

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This paper presents a generalized model for small signal stability in dc microgrids considering electric vehicles. The proposed model considers four type of terminals, namely: constant power, constant voltage, constant current and constant impedance. A Newton-Raphson methodology is used to calculate the operation point of the microgrid and a sensitivity analysis is also presented. Some general features of the dc microgrid based on the intrinsic characteristics of the model are presented. Simulation results on different type of microgrids show the proposed small signal model is accurate compare

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Pan, Hao, Ming Ding, Rui Bi, and Lei Sun. "Research on Cooperative Planning of Distributed Generation Access to AC/DC Distribution (Micro) Grids Based on Analytical Target Cascading." Energies 12, no. 10 (2019): 1847. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12101847.

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With the wide application of distributed generation (DG) and the rapid development of alternating current/direct current (AC/DC) hybrid microgrids, the optimal planning of distributed generation connecting to AC/DC distribution networks/microgrids has become an urgent problem to resolve. This paper presents a collaborative planning method for distributed generation access to AC/DC distribution (micro) grids. Based on the grid structure of the AC/DC distribution network, the typical interconnection structure of the AC/DC hybrid microgrid and AC/DC distribution network is designed. The optimal a

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Zaman, Md Rakibur, Sudip Sarker, Md Abdul Halim, Salah Ibrahim, and Abrarul Haque. "A Comprehensive Review of Techno-Economic Perspective of AC/DC Hybrid Microgrid." Control Systems and Optimization Letters 2, no. 1 (2024): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.59247/csol.v2i1.72.

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The main objective of this research is to review the techno-economic aspects of AC/DC hybrid microgrid. This review has been done by scrutinizing the essential constituents of both AC and DC microgrids, accentuating their corresponding benefits and constraints. The benefits and reasons for integrating AC and DC technology in a hybrid microgrid setting are then covered. From a technological standpoint, the study addresses Renewable Energy Integration, Power Electronic Converters, Energy Storage Systems, Control and Energy Management system and Grid Synchronization. This can lead to a reduction

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Nair, Rekha P., and Kanakasabapathy Ponnusamy. "Modeling and Simulation of Autonomous DC Microgrid with Variable Droop Controller." Applied Sciences 15, no. 9 (2025): 5080. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15095080.

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The emergence of highly efficient and cost-effective power converters, coupled with the growing diversity of DC loads, has elevated the importance of DC microgrids to a level comparable with AC microgrids in the modern power industry. DC microgrids are free from synchronization and reactive power dynamics, making them more reliable and cost-effective. In autonomous mode, achieving effective voltage regulation and satisfactory power sharing is critical to ensuring the overall stability of the microgrid. As the common DC bus of the microgrid connects distributed generators (DGs), storage devices

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Sheng, Wanxing, Yinqiu Hong, Ming Wu, and Yu Ji. "A Cooperative Control Scheme for AC/DC Hybrid Autonomous Microgrids." Processes 8, no. 3 (2020): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8030311.

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The AC/DC hybrid microgrid (MG) has been widely promoted due to its high flexibility. The capability to operate in islanding mode is an appealing advantage of the MG, and also sets higher requirements for its control system. A droop control strategy is proposed on account of its distinguishing feature of automatic power sharing between distributed generations (DGs), but it introduces some drawbacks. Therefore, distributed cooperative secondary control is introduced as an improvement. In order to optimize the active power sharing in AC/DC hybrid microgrids, a number of cooperative control strat

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Bakeer, Abualkasim, Andrii Chub, Abderahmane Abid, Sherif A. Zaid, Thamer A. H. Alghamdi, and Hossam S. Salama. "Enhancing Grid-Forming Converters Control in Hybrid AC/DC Microgrids Using Bidirectional Virtual Inertia Support." Processes 12, no. 1 (2024): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr12010139.

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This paper presents a new grid-forming strategy for hybrid AC/DC microgrids using bidirectional virtual inertia support designed to address weak grid conditions. The stability of hybrid AC/DC microgrids heavily relies on the AC mains frequency and the DC-link voltage, and deviations in these factors can lead to undesirable outcomes such as load curtailments and power system congestions and blackouts. This paper introduces a unique approach that leverages bidirectional virtual inertia support to enhance the stability and reliability of hybrid AC/DC microgrids under weak grid conditions. The pro

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Zeinoddini-Meymand, Hamed, Reza Safipour, and Farhad Namdari. "A Novel Management Approach for Optimal Operation of Hybrid AC-DC Microgrid in the Presence of Wind and Load Uncertainties." Systems 13, no. 4 (2025): 233. https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13040233.

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: The optimal operation of a hybrid AC-DC microgrid is investigated in this study. The operation of an AC microgrid connected to the main grid and an islanded DC microgrid has been examined under three management approaches. In the first approach, two microgrids are not connected, and the DC microgrid is operated in the islanded mode. In the second and third approaches, AC and DC microgrids are connected. The main difference between these two approaches is the energy management framework. In the second approach, each microgrid has its own management system, while the third approach integrates

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Peña, Diego, Paul Arevalo, Yadyra Ortiz, and Franciso Jurado. "Survey of Optimization Techniques for Microgrids Using High-Efficiency Converters." Energies 17, no. 15 (2024): 3657. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17153657.

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Microgrids play a crucial role in modern energy systems by integrating diverse energy sources and enhancing grid resilience. This study addresses the optimization of microgrids through the deployment of high-efficiency converters, aiming to improve energy management and operational efficiency. This study explores the pivotal role of AC-DC and DC-DC bidirectional converters in facilitating energy conversion and management across various sources and storage systems within microgrids. Advanced control methodologies, including model-based predictive control and artificial intelligence, are analyze

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Ghosh, Subarto Kumar, Tushar Kanti Roy, Md Abu Hanif Pramanik, Ajay Krishno Sarkar, and Md Apel Mahmud. "An Energy Management System-Based Control Strategy for DC Microgrids with Dual Energy Storage Systems." Energies 13, no. 11 (2020): 2992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13112992.

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In this work, a control strategy is developed for different components in DC microgrids where set points for all controllers are determined from an energy management system (EMS). The proposed EMS-based control scheme is developed for DC microgrids with solar photovoltaic (PV) systems as the primary generation units along with energy storage systems. In this work, the concept of dual energy storage systems (DESSs) is used, which includes a battery energy storage system (BESS) and supercapacitor (SC). The main feature of this DESS is to improve the dynamic performance of DC microgrids during se

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K Saravanan. "Improved Adaptive Network-Based Fuzzy Inference System Approach for Power Flow Analysis in Interconnected DC Microgrid." Journal of Electrical Systems 20, no. 6s (2024): 1281–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/jes.2856.

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High-performance power conversion needs are becoming more and more important for microgrid applications. In actuality, many contemporary DC distribution systems use isolated bidirectional dc-dc converters. Hence, in this paper, an Improved Adaptive Network-based Fuzzy Inference System (IANFIS)is developed to control the output power of the components and reduce the variation among the consumption and generation of the power while managing a constant DC bus voltage. This work proposes a power management control strategy that ensures the power balance of a stand-alone DC microgrid where DAB conv

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