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1
Boatman, Alex. "Switching circuit for a permanent magnet DC motor." Click here to view, 2009. http://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/eesp/15/.
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Thesis (B.S.)--California Polytechnic State University, 2009.Project advisor: Ali Shaban. Title from PDF title page; viewed on Jan. 28, 2010. Includes bibliographical references. Also available on microfiche.
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Al-Hadithi, Khalid Salih Mohammad. "Mathematical modelling of permanent-magnet brushless DC motor drives." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1992. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7302.
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Brushless dc motor drives have become increasingly popular, following recent developments in rare-earth permanent-magnet materials and the semiconductor devices used to control the stator input power and to sense the rotor position. They are now frequently used in applications such as flight control systems and robot actuators, and for drives which require high reliability, long life, little maintenance and a high torque-to-weight ratio. In many motor drives the presence of torque and speed ripples, especially at low speed, is extremely undesirable. The mathematical model developed in this thesis was used to investigate their occurrence in a typical brushless dc drive system, with the objective of establishing factors which effect their magnitude and ways by which they may be reduced. The model is based on the numerical solution of the differential equations for the system, with those for the motor being formulated in the phase reference frame. Tensor methods are used to account for both the varying topology and the discontinuous operation of the motor arising from changes in the conduction pattern of the inverter supply switches. The thesis describes the design, construction and testing of an experimental voltage source PWM inverter, using MOSFET switching devices, to drive a 1.3 kW 3-phase brushless dc motor. A practical circuit is described which implements current profiling to minimize torque ripple, and the optimum phase current waveforms are established. The effect of changes in the firing angle of the inverter switches on the torque ripple are also examined. Throughout the thesis, theoretical predictions are verified by comparison with experimental results.
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Ede, Jason David. "High-speed permanent magnet brushless DC motors." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.719807.
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Mhango, Landson Manase Caron. "High power density, high speed, three phase brushless permanent magnet DC motor." Thesis, University of East London, 2010. http://roar.uel.ac.uk/2608/.
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This thesis describes a development of a high power density, high-speed 3-phase permanent magnet brushless dc motor developed specifically for use in aircraft and defence applications. The drive is essentially intended for low power, high-speed application and it incorporates an integral electronic controller. Special attention is paid to the geometry of the rotor assembly. The development of high power density permanent magnet machines has had several unsuccessful attempts by distinguished researchers. These past attempts made use of the concept of flux focusing technique which provides the airgap flux density that is higher than that in the magnets. The original contribution of the thesis is a novel rotor construction that achieves high power density through flux focusing, but in contrast to the approach of Prof K Binns, also achieves a cost effective design regarding manufacturability. The work in this thesis considers the use of 2D finite element techniques that is used to handle the electromagnetic part of the design process and provides the way in which its results identify benefits that arise from use of different forms of the rotor geometries. New design principles are described and methods of analyzing and predicting the motor performance from design data are presented and validated by comparisons of experimental and predicted results. A motor design programme is developed and its design format is presented. The essential technical features of a proposed integral power electronic controller are described. The methods of selecting an appropriate motor for an application, simulation and prediction of motor performance, thermal analysis and acceleration performance are all presented and validated by experimental measurement. The constructional features land the design techniques of the 3-phase permanent magnet brushless dc motor developed in this study have been applied to a number of commercial aerospace and defence applications and have proved to be extremely effective and competitive. Typical practical examples of applications are presented. The challenge of the study was to improve motor efficiency significantly and to design a motor that can withstand very high peripheral speeds while at the same time develop high power density without suffering from overheating. These special requirements are typical in modern aerospace and defence applications.
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夏偉 and Wei Xia. "A new phase decoupling permanent magnet brushless DC motor and its control." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31235426.
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Xia, Wei. "A new phase decoupling permanent magnet brushless DC motor and its control /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19667747.
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Abed, Wathiq. "Robust fault analysis for permanent magnet DC motor in safety critical applications." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/3550.
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Robust fault analysis (FA) including the diagnosis of faults and predicting their level of severity is necessary to optimise maintenance and improve reliability of Aircraft. Early diagnosis of faults that might occur in the supervised process renders it possible to perform important preventative actions. The proposed diagnostic models were validated in two experimental tests. The first test concerned a single localised and generalised roller element bearing fault in a permanent magnet brushless DC (PMBLDC) motor. Rolling element bearing defect is one of the main reasons for breakdown in electrical machines. Vibration and current are analysed under stationary and non-stationary load and speed conditions, for a variety of bearing fault severities, and for both local and global bearing faults. The second test examined the case of an unbalance rotor due to blade faults in a thruster, motor based on a permanent magnet brushed DC (PMBDC) motor. A variety of blade fault conditions were investigated, over a wide range of rotation speeds. The test used both discrete wavelet transform (DWT) to extract the useful features, and then feature reduction techniques to avoid redundant features. This reduces computation requirements and the time taken for classification by the application of an orthogonal fuzzy neighbourhood discriminant analysis (OFNDA) approach. The real time monitoring of motor operating conditions is an advanced technique that presents the real performance of the motor, so that the dynamic recurrent neural network (DRNN) proposed predicts the conditions of components and classifies the different faults under different operating conditions. The results obtained from real time simulation demonstrate the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed methodology in accurately classifying faults and predicting levels of fault severity.
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Karacan, Cuneyt. "Comparison Of Performance Of Switched Reluctance Motors, Induction Motors And Permanent Magnet Dc Motors." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12604925/index.pdf.
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Since most of the electrical energy is consumed by the electrical motors, it is necessary to use the electrical energy as efficient as possible.
Throughout this study four different types of motors (induction motor, permanent magnet radial flux DC motor, permanent magnet axial flux DC motor, switched reluctance motor) are considered and compared based on their torque per unit volume and speed performance comparison. Torque per unit volume equations are obtained for each of the motor, related to quantities such as magnetic flux density and electric loading and the speed performances are compared by using a washing machine application, which has a wide speed range.
As a result of this study torque per unit volume and speed performance of each of these four types of motors are obtained and motors of different types are evaluated due to their torque per motor volume, torque per ampere, efficiency and etc. over a wide speed range to have an idea about the applications of these motors.
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Yong, Wang. "A new polygonal-winding permanent magnet brushless DC motor drive for electric vehicles." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/HKUTO/record/B38628739.
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Wang, Yong, and 王勇. "A new polygonal-winding permanent magnet brushless DC motor drive for electric vehicles." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38628739.
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Ahmed, Saeed Mohamed. "Investigations into the improvement of a single phase permanent magnet brushless DC motor." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/10114.
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The work presented in this thesis is aimed at improving single phase permanent magnet brushless DC motors; including their operation, design, efficiency and smoothness. Three main areas were identified and researched for further improvement. As a precursor to this work, a detailed literature study related to each area is also presented. The first of these areas concentrates on the improvement of the open circuit torque for a single phase BLDC motor. The open circuit torque is not only due to the slot openings, but is also contributed by the uneven airgap which is conventionally used to solve starting problem. The aim is to enhance the starting torque at alignment positions and attenuate the torque ripple between null points where the back EMF is non-zero. The improvement of the open circuit torque was investigated in two stages. In the first stage the open circuit torque due to the slot openings was reduced, and in the second stage the focus was on enhancing the open circuit torque contributed from the uneven air gap topology with minimum ripple. The second area of investigation was to devise a new encoderless control method for a single phase BLDC motor. A detailed analysis on the derivation of the method is presented. The method has been validated both analytically and numerically. The third area of investigation was the creation of a new non-complex phase advance control method. The details of the analytical simulation and practical implementation are presented. The method has been validated experimentally and it was shown that the experimental results agree well with the analytical predictions.
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Bentouati, Syham. "Permanent magnet brushless DC motors for low cost applications." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.487427.
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Gan, Jinyun, and 干金云. "Design, analysis and control of multiphase flux regulated permanent magnet brushless DC motor drives." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31245304.
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Sahin, Ilker. "Measurement Of Brushless Dc Motor Characteristics And Parameters And Brushless Dc Motor Design." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12611481/index.pdf.
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The permanent magnet motors have become essential parts of modern motor drives recently because need for high efficiency and accurate dynamic performance arose in the industry. Some of the advantages they possess over other types of electric motors include higher torque density, higher efficiency due to absence of losses caused by field excitation, almost unity power factor, and almost maintenance free construction. With increasing need for specialized PM motors for different purposes and areas, much effort has also gone to design methodologies.
In this thesis a design model is developed for surface PM motors. This model is used with an available optimization algorithm for the optimized design of a PM motor. Special attention is paid to measurement of parameters of a sample PM motor.
As a result of this study, an effective analytical model with a proven accuracy by measurement results is developed and applied in a design process of a surface PM motor. Parametric and performance results of analytical model and tests have been presented comparatively. A prototype motor has been realized and tested.
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Mohammad, Mohammad T. N. "Testing and analysis of axial gap permanent magnet DC motors." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2004. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/47955/.
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This thesis is concerned primarily with the testing and analysis of design variations of the Lynch motor, which is an axial gap permanent magnet dc machine. These variants include: a standard production motor, a motor with low iron volume, a motor with bigger area of magnets and a motor using powder iron instead of laminations. The powder iron motor was constructed by the author, while all the other motors were provided by the Lynch Motor Company. Tests were conducted to evaluate motor circuit parameters, losses and efficiency using a purpose built test rig which was built in the first stage of the project. Finite element analysis (FEA) was used to determine the levels of the magnetic saturation in the different motors and calculate torque, inductance and EMF. The FEA was also used as bases for comparison with analytical electromagnetic calculations. A dynamic circuit model, whose parametric were derived from FEA and analytical calculations validated by test, was also constructed to study the effect of brush thickness on circulating current and torque production. The results of the work revealed that the larger magnet motor has a high level of saturation resulting in a higher slope of the torque-speed curve. The lower iron volume motor and the powder iron cored motor produced less torque and have less flux density than the standard Lynch motor. The test results proved that the selected powder iron material is usable in the Lynch rotated armature but it still needs improvements to close the performance gap with laminations. The powder iron motor has back emf that is 10% lower than the standard motor, and consequently a lower efficiency. The results show that performance of the Lynch motor can be improved by optimising the size of the saturated parts of the motor, which are the stator discs and the armature teeth. In addition, careful selection of brush number, geometry and type can improve the motor performance. An alternative single gap motor was also studied. The test results show that it has more armature reaction than the dual gap motor and therefore it produced less torque with less efficiency.
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Al-Aubidy, Kasim Mousa A. "Rotor position sensing and microprocessor control of a permanent magnet machine." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.257508.
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Davis, Eli Marc. "Design and performance evaluation of an electric go-kart and custom permanent magnet brushless DC motor." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/74438.
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Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 23).
This undergraduate thesis documents the design considerations and specifications of building a personal battery-powered go-kart. This includes designing and building a custom brushless DC motor for use in the drivetrain. Details of the fabrication and assembly processes are included for reference. The motor was not finished in time to be able to be tested, but the performance of the go-kart has been estimated through scientific calculations.
by Eli Marc Davis.
S.B.
18
Xu, Ye. "Kilowatt Three-phase Rotary Transformer Design for Permanent Magnet DC Motor with On-rotor Drive System." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för elektronikkonstruktion, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-27781.
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The aim of this thesis is to design a kilowatt three-phase step-down rotary transformer for a permanent magnet DC motor. The permanent magnet DC motor has an on-rotor drive system, and therefore requiring a power supply that can transfer power to its drive unit without mechanical contact. The rotary transformer has a detached magnetic coupling structure that qualifies it as a potential method for the wireless power transfer. This thesis studies the rotary transformer as a static device, focusing on its core loss. By using a transient finite element analysis of COMSOL Multiphysics and an iron loss prediction model, the rotary transformer was optimized in terms of efficiency and power density for the on-rotor drive system through proper material selection and geometry exploration. After this, a mechanical design, which based on a literature review of the influences of manufacturing processes on electrical steels, was proposed for realizing the core fabrication and the rotary transformer assembly. The results show that the rotary transformer can step down 400 V/50 Hz three-phase voltage to 13.15V in a Delta-wye connection and output 1.17kW power over an air-gap of 0.3mm with 95.94% overall efficiency. The proposed mechanical design enables the transformer to minimize the core loss and the manufacturing cost. Without using resonant inductive coupling, this transformer design simplifies the power supply for the motor, thereby decreasing the motor manufacturing and maintenance cost.
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Vijayraghavan, Praveen. "Design of Switched Reluctance Motors and Development of a Universal Controller for Switched Reluctance and Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motor Drives." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29799.
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Switched Reluctance Machines (SRMs) are receiving significant attention from industries in the last decade. They are extremely inexpensive, reliable and weigh less than other machines of comparable power outputs. Although the design principles of the machine are available as a concatenation of many different sources, the need for a unified, step-by-step design procedure from first principles of electromagnetics is an absolute requirement. This dissertation discusses a procedure that can be applied by engineers with a basic background in electromagnetics. Subsequent to the design of the machine, existing finite element software can do the analysis of the machine. However, this is a laborious process and the need for an analytical method is preferable to verify the design procedure before the final verification by finite elements. The analytical procedure as well as a procedure to calculate iron losses is also developed in this dissertation. A prototype machine has been developed as an example of the design process and an existing prototype is analyzed to verify the analysis procedure.
The similarities between the SRM and the Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Machine (PMDBC) beg the consideration of the development of a converter that can be used to drive either machine. One such converter has been developed in this dissertation. The design of the drive for both the machines is seen to be very similar. As a consequence, a universal controller that can be used to operate both machines has been developed and implemented with a DSP. Simulations and experimental correlation for both drives have been presented.Ph. D.
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Wing, Mitchell. "Computer simulation of steady state and transient performance for permanent magnet DC motors." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/18230.
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Permanent magnet motors have outstanding performance for applications such as industrial robots, computer peripherals and automobiles. Since these motors are being used in a growing number of applications, the techniques used to model them are becoming more important in an attempt to obtain the best possible performance from any new design. The objective if this thesis is to develop an understanding of the classical and the finite element theory in an attempt to obtain the full characteristics of small commutator permanent magnet direct current motors. A comparison of the two methods is done in an attempt to obtain the most effective method of designing new motors. The comparison is done by calculating the performance of two segmental magnet de motors using the two methods. The methods are investigated separately to ensure that the best possible results are obtained from the simulations. The comparison of the steady state and transient characteristics of the motors are done separately.
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Lai, Shu Hau. "Design optimisation of a slotless brushless permanent magnet DC motor with helically-wound laminations for underwater rim-driven thrusters." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2006. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/47950/.
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Rim (or tip) driven thrusters with structurally integrated brushless PM motors are now an established technology with an increasing range of applications. In these thrusters, the stator of the motor is housed within the thruster duct, and the rotor forms a ring around the tips of the propeller. Such high pole number motors tend to be very thin radially, have very small axial length to diameter ratios, and have relatively large airgaps to accommodate corrosion protection layers on the surfaces of the rotor and stator. The relatively large diameter stator laminations of such machines tend, therefore, to have a very thin back of core and narrow teeth, which make them expensive and difficult to manufacture. This thesis proposes an alternative motor topology featuring a toothless stator whose laminations are manufactured from a single strip of steel that is edge wound into a spiral. The electromagnetic design of the motor was optimised for maximum efficiency for a given propeller torque and speed. The airgap flux density in was obtained from an analytical solution of Laplace and Poisson's equations of scalar magnetic potential. Electromagnetic torque was calculated for ideal square wave current distribution. Copper and core losses were estimated in the usual manner. Design of the machine was refined using transient finite element analysis, allowing for rotation of the rotor. The design optimisation revealed that there is an optimum radial thickness for the permanent magnet and number of poles at which the efficiency is maximum. A demonstrator machine was built and tested, and yield a 10% lower efficiency when compared with an existing slotted machine of the same diameter, with an increased volume in the slotless machine of 15%. A cost analysis yielded that the slotless edge-wound laminations are cheaper to manufacture than slotted laser-cut laminations, however the costs of the increased magnet material required are higher. This project has demonstrated a potential cost savings in the manufacture of laminations, however, for this specific thruster application the costs are offset by the need for more magnet material.
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Ozturk, Salih Baris. "Direct torque control of permanent magnet synchronous motors with non-sinusoidal back-EMF." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2728.
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Zhu, Zi-Qiang. "The electromagnetic performance of brushless permanent magnet DC motors : with particular reference to noise and vibration." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1991. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/2968/.
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A comprehensive analytical technique is developed for predicting the instantaneous magnetic field distribution in radial-field, surface-mounted permanent magnet brushless DC motors under any load condition and commutation strategy. It is based on a 2-dimensional analysis in polar coordinates and accounts implicitly for the corresponding stator winding current waveforms and the effect of stator slot openings. In addition, a 2-dimensional analytical method for calculating the back-emf waveform is presented, whilst the analytical technique is applied to the prediction of the cogging torque waveform and the calculation of the self- and mutual-winding inductances. Also developed and validated is an analytical model for predicting the steady-state dynamic performance of a 3-phase brushless DC drive, by exploiting the periodicity in the stator winding voltage and current waveforms, with due account of the influence of commutation events in the inverter bridge, the back-emf waveform, current limiting, and commutation timing etc. The model is developed further to couple with the motion equation of the rotor to enable the transient and steady-state dynamic performance of brushless DC drives to be predicted. The effect of end-shields on the vibrational behaviour of stators is investigated by the modem modal analysis technique, and new formulae for the calculation of the acoustic power radiated by a cylindrical stator of finite length, using an analytical method, are presented. A technique which combines the finite element method and Fourier analysis to account for the effects of end-shields on the acoustic radiation is developed, and the spherical acoustic radiation model of motors has been improved by the application of finite elements. Finally, a systematic analytical approach to the estimation and analysis of the acoustic noise from a radial-field, internal rotor, brushless DC motor is presented.
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Larsson, Martin. "Electric Motors for Vehicle Propulsion." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Fordonssystem, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-103907.
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This work is intended to contribute with knowledge to the area of electic motorsfor propulsion in the vehicle industry. This is done by first studying the differentelectric motors available, the motors suitable for vehicle propulsion are then dividedinto four different types to be studied separately. These four types are thedirect current, induction, permanent magnet and switched reluctance motors. Thedesign and construction are then studied to understand how the different typesdiffer from each other and which differences that are of importance when it comesto vehicle propulsion. Since the amount of available data about different electricmotors turned out to be small a tool was developed to use for collecting data fromthe sources available which can be for instance product sheets or articles with informationabout electric motors. This tool was then used to collect data that wasused to create models for the different motor types. The created motor models foreach motor type could then be used for simulating vehicles to investigate how thespecific motor is suited for different vehicles and applications. The work also containsa summary of different electric motor comparison studies which makes it agood source of information during motor type selection in the process of designingan electric vehicle.
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Bureš, Petr. "Návrh synchronního stroje s permanentními magnety." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-376906.
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Given today’s trend with environment being very important, there has been an ongoing attempt in the rotating machine industry to create machines with highest efficiency possible. And so, permanent magnet synchronous machines represent types of machine with very high efficiency and are gradually replacing other machines in many applications. This work deals with familiarization of the properties of permanent magnet synchronous motor as well as typical design choices. The main focus of this work is the design of permanent magnet EC motor and following comparison of results obtained from analytical design and analysis in the RMxprt program. Finally, the results of design methods are compared.
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Borelli, Rafael. "Construção, acionamento e ensaios do motor bifásico de imã permanente no rotor (MBIPR)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18133/tde-19052017-155349/.
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Visando uma opção de substituição, onde for possível e aplicável, do motor de indução monofásico, este trabalho relata o estudo teórico, a construção, o acionamento e os ensaios de um motor bifásico com ímã permanente no rotor, de baixa potência, utilizando imãs de ferrita na confecção do rotor.This work shows the theoretical studies, building, driving systems and tests of a small-power double-phase motor with ferrite permanent-magnet in the rotor, based on the original structure of a single-phase induction motor. The objective is to create an option to replace the single-phase induction motor where it is possible and applicable.
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Šimko, František. "Analýza a inovace stejnosměrných elektrických motorků." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219086.
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The thesis aims to explain the design a prototype of an innovated small engine. It is divided into three main parts. The first part is focused on the analysis of low power DC small engines available on the market. The second part consists of measuring, construction and loss analysis of a DC small engine with permanent magnets. The last part deals with the possible innovations of a small engine with permanent magnets and subsequent implementation of some of them. The innovations are supported by calculations and simulations.
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Kachlík, Jan. "Model elektrického vozidla v programu SIMULINK/SIMSCAPE." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219034.
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The topic of this diploma thesis is mathematical model of electric vehicle. The traction drive consists of Li-Ion battery, free-phase DC/AC converter and permanent magnet synchronous machine. The main goal of the thesis is development of function model and making simulations in SIMULINK/SIMSCAPE program. Work is divided into three main parts. The first part is dedicated to the theoretical description of the main drive components. The second part describes partial subsystems of the model. In the last part is build a complete model of electric vehicle and simulated different driving mode.
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Hájek, Jan. "Řešení rozložení magnetického pole ve stejnosměrném stroji." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219720.
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This thesis deals with distribution of magnetic fields in the DC machine. Part of this thesis is the introduction of DC machines, principles of operation and distribution of DC machines. There is also discussed electrically commutated motors. The thesis demonstrates the types of permanent magnets and their properties. Then there is an analysis of the magnetic field electrically commutated motor Atas Nachod in the Ansoft Maxwell. Using Ansoft Simplorer, switching is carried out of the engine. Another part of this work is the analysisthe magnetic field electrically commutated motor Atas Nachod for three types of slot of the stator of the engine. Here it is seen what impact the change has slot on the distribution of magnetic field in the EC motor. Finally, training is carried out measurements of electrically commutated motor BOYANG BY92BL48-4000-2200.
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Monteiro, José Roberto Boffino de Almeida. "Estratégias de acionamento e controle em máquinas CA de ímã permanente com fluxo não senoidal." Universidade de São Paulo, 1997. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18133/tde-22102015-141534/.
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O objetivo desse trabalho é o estudo e a análise do desempenho de máquinas brushless com ímã permanente no rotor, com fluxo de entreferro não senoidal. São consideradas máquinas brushless com ímã permanente na superfície do rotor. Três modelos matemáticos são considerados: o modelo por fase de estator, o modelo vetorial e o modelo velocidade-tensão de segunda ordem. Máquinas com diferentes tipos de enrolamento de estator são comparadas, incluindo as máquinas síncronas com ímã permanente no rotor (com a densidade dos enrolamentos distribuída de forma senoidal no estator). Os resultados para o torque eletromagnético das máquinas foram obtidos considerando-se dois tipos de acionamentos em malha aberta: um acionamento de seis pulsos e um acionamento senoidal. Por fim, um método de controle é apresentado para máquinas não senoidais. As ondulações no torque e o desempenho das máquinas não senoidais. As ondulações no torque e o desempenho das máquinas não senoidais, utilizando controle vetorial, são comparados aos das máquinas senoidais.The aim of this work is to analyse the torque performance of brushless machines with non-sinusoidal distributed magnetic fluxes. The machine type considered is a surface mount permanent magnet brushless machine. Three mathematical models for the machine are considered: the per stator phase, the vectorial and the linear second order speed-voltage models. Machines with different stator windings are compared including the permanent magnet synchronous machines with sinusoidal distributed stator windings. The torque outputs of these machines are obtained considering two kinds of open loop driving systems: one with a six-pulse waveform and other with a sinusoidal waveform. Finally, a vectorial control is proposed for the non-sinusoidal machines. The torque ripple as well the overall performance of non-sinusoidal machines with vectorial control is compared to that of sinusoidal machines.
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Monteiro, José Roberto Boffino de Almeida. "Transformação dq não senoidal para máquinas síncronas com imã permanente no rotor." Universidade de São Paulo, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18133/tde-24092015-135013/.
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O presente trabalho apresenta uma transformação dq não senoidal e sua aplicação em máquinas síncronas com ímã permanente na superfície do rotor (MSIP) e forma de onda de FEM não senoidal. O modelo resultante da aplicação dessa transformação permite o controle direto do torque eletromagnético, permitindo reduzir as ondulações do torque produzido nesse tipo de máquina. A redução dessas ondulações em MSIPs não senoidais possibilita que esse tipo de máquina seja empregado em aplicações onde somente MSIPs senoidais, que possuem custo mais elevado, poderiam ser usadas. Simulações e resultados práticos, obtidos pela implementação do sistema de controle vetorial não senoidal desenvolvido, são apresentados no trabalho. Pelos resultados obtidos, pode-se verificar que o método proposto é eficaz na redução das ondulações do torque eletromagnético em MSIPs não senoidais.This work presents a non-sinusoidal dq transformation and its application in permanent- magnet synchronous machines (PMSM) with a non-sinusoidal back-EMF waveform. The resulting model of the application of such transformation permits direct control of machine electromagnetic torque, which achieves the reduction of torque ripple. The reduction of torque ripple in non-sinusoidal PMSMs makes possible the use of this kind of PMSM instead of sinusoidal PMSMs, which are more expensive. Simulation and practical results, obtained by the implementation of such non-sinusoidal vectorial control system, are shown in this work. Those results show that the method presented is efficacious in the torque ripple reduction in non-sinusoidal PM synchronous machines.
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Valle, Rodolfo Lacerda. "Acionamento de um motor síncrono de ímãs permanentes sem escovas visando aplicação em veículos elétricos." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2013. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/4161.
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Esta dissertação apresenta as etapas de desenvolvimento de um sistema de acionamento de um motor CC de ímãs permanentes sem escovas para aplicação em veículos elétricos de pequeno porte. O motor é acionado por um inversor fonte de tensão trifásico (VSI, Voltage Source Inverter) baseado em interruptores IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor). Os sinais de comutação dos interruptores são gerados por uma estratégia de modulação vetorial. Sinais gerados por três sensores de efeito Hall são usados para detectar a posição angular do rotor. O motor é controlado a partir de duas malhas. Uma malha externa controla a velocidade enquanto a malha interna controla as correntes de fase do motor. O desempenho de dois tipos de controladores foram investigados para o controle das correntes sintetizadas pelo VSI: (i) controlador proporcional– integral no sistema de coordenadas síncrono e (ii) controlador proporcional–integral com integradores em múltiplos sistemas de coordenadas rotativas. Além das malhas de controle, o sistema de acionamento foi projetado com uma estratégia de desacoplamento das correntes de controle e uma ação preditiva para compensar o efeito das tensões contra–eletromotriz trapezoidais geradas por fase pelo motor. Um protótipo experimental do sistema de 5 kW foi montado em laboratório. Os algoritmos de controle do motor e do VSI, juntamente com o algoritmo de deteção de posição do rotor foi implementado em um controlador digital de sinais TMS320F28335. Resultados experimentais são apresentados, discutidos e utilizados para validar as estratégias de controle.
This dissertation presents the development of a permanent magnet brushless DC motor drive (PMBLDC) for small electric vehicles applications. A three–phase voltage source inverter (VSI) based on IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor) is used to drive the electric motor. The semiconductor switches are controlled by space vector modulation (SVM). Signals from three Hall effect sensors are used to detect the rotor angular position. Two closed–loops are used to control the PMBLDC motor. The outer loop controls the rotor velocity while the inner loop controls the motor phase currents. Two types of controllers were investigated to synthesize the currents: (i) proportional– integral controller in synchronous reference frame and (ii) proportional–integral controller with multiple rotating synchronous reference frame integrators. Besides the current control loops, the drive system was designed considering the decoupling of the synthesized phase currents and a feed-forward electromotive force waveform compensation. An experimental prototype of 5 kW was built in laboratory. The motor and VSI control algorithms and the algorithm used to detect the rotor position were implemented in a TMS320F28335, digital signal controller. Experimental results are presented, discussed along with the validation of the control strategy.
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Valle, Rodolfo Lacerda. "Controlador preditivo aplicado na regulação das correntes de um motor CC de ímãs permanentes sem escovas de baixa indutância." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2017. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/4085.
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Esta tese apresenta as etapas de projeto e de implementação de um controlador digital preditivo para regular as correntes de um motor CC de ímãs permanentes sem escovas (do inglês, Permanent Magnets Brushless DC motor) (BLDC) de baixa indutância, trifásico a três fios. Estes tipos de motores são usualmente acionados por conversores eletrônicos de potência com múltiplos estágios, comutados em altas frequências, ou usam filtros adicionais para limitar as ondulações de corrente. As formas de onda da força contra eletromotriz induzida e das correntes retangulares dificulta o projeto e sintonia de controladores lineares. A complexidade desta tarefa aumenta quando se considera a ampla faixa de velocidade de operação do motor. Controladores digitais preditivos são facilmente implementados em processadores digitais de sinais, tendo sido usados com sucesso para regular correntes de diferentes tipos de conversores eletrônicos de potência. Três estratégias de comutação (bipolar, unipolar síncrona e unipolar) são usadas para obter três controladores PWM preditivos para regular as correntes retangulares do motor BLDC, sem a necessidade de filtros ou conversores adicionais. O fato das correntes fluírem por apenas duas das fases do motor em cada intervalo de π/3 rad permite operar o inversor fonte de tensão trifásico (Voltage Source Inverter) (VSI) como um conversor CC-CC em ponte completa. Esta característica simplifica o algoritmo de controle sendo necessário apenas um controlador para as correntes trifásicas. Parcelas para compensar o erro em regime permanente devido ao tempo morto, queda de tensão nos interruptores e atrasos de amostragem e de disparo dos interruptores são incorporadas à lei de controle modificada. Resultados experimentais e de simulação para um motor BLDC trifásico de 5 kW/48 V são apresentados para demonstrar a viabilidade da proposta. O algoritmo de controle do sistema de acionamento do motor BLDC foi implementado usando o controlador digital de sinais TMS320F28335.
This thesis presents the design and implementation steps of a digital predictive controller to regulate a low–inductance, three–phase, three–wire permanent magnet brushless DC (BLDC) motor currents. These types of motors are usually driven by multi-stage converters, switched at high frequencies, or use additional inductances to limit the current ripple. The motor’s trapezoidal back electromotive force and rectangular currents waveforms make the design and the tuning process of linear controllers difficult. This task complexity increases when a wide speed range is considered. Digital predictive controllers are easily implemented using digital signal processors (DSP), as successfully used for different types of power electronic converters currents regulation. Three switching strategies (bipolar, synchronous unipolar e unipolar) are used to obtain three PWM predictive controllers to regulate the rectangular currents of a brushless DC motor, without the need for any additional filters or converter. Due the fact that the currents flow only between two phases of the motor at every π/3 rad period makes possible to operate the three-phase voltage source inverter as a full-bridge DC–DC converter. This feature simplify the control algorithm which requires only one controller to synthesize the three-phase currents. A methodology to eliminate the steady-state error due to blanking time, switches voltage drop, sampling delay and pulse driver delay were incorporated in the modified predictive control law. Experimental and simulation results using a 5 kW/48 V three–phase BLDC motor are presented to demonstrate the feasibility of this proposal. The control algorithm was implemented in a digital signal controller TMS320F28335.
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Hudák, Ondřej. "Laboratorní soustrojí s asynchronním a stejnosměrným motorem." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219757.
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The work addresses the design and implementation of a universal laboratory workstation designed to teach a course on electrical drives. Workplace will be formed sets consisting of DC motor with permanent magnet on a 400W power supply voltage of 24V and induction motor with 180W power on 3x24V. The engines are connected through a flexible shaft coupling. The asynchronous motor is located on the extended shaft resolver for scanning speed and rotor position. Both engines will be supplied from the transistor inverters. The workplace will be designed for maximum clearness and resistance to damage by improper handling.
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Gilbert, Gregory S. Jr. "Scaling a Prismatic Revolute Joint (Pr) Manipulator Using Similitude and Buckingham Pi Techniques." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36599.
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This thesis presents scaling methods for sizing a prototype micro prismatic revolute (PR) manipulator actuated by permanent magnet (PM) direct current (d.c.) gearmotors. Dimensional analysis was the principle tool used in this investigation, and addressed the problems of scaling a trajectory planner, control law, and gearmotors that exhibit internal nonlinear friction. Similitude methods were used to develop a scaleable two degree-of-freedom trajectory planner from a third order polynomial. Scaling laws were developed from Buckingham's Pi theorem to facilitate the selection process of gearmotors. Nondimensional, nonlinear, differential equations were developed to describe viscous, Coulomb and static friction in comparative PM d.c. motors. From the insights gained through dimensional analysis, a scaleable controller based on the computed torque method was developed and implemented with a cubic trajectory planner. Model and prototype PR manipulator systems were simulated using a hybrid Matlab/Simulink simulation scheme. Experimental systems were constructed with dissimilar model and prototype motors. Control was provided by an AT class PC equipped with 12-bit A/D, D/A cards operating at a sample rate of 100 Hz. The control algorithm was written in Borland 3.1 C for DOS. Results from the experimental testing showed excellent agreement between the test and simulated data and verified the viability of the scaling laws. The techniques presented in this thesis are expected to be applicable to any application that involves scaling PM d.c. micro gearmotors that have significant internal friction terms. These simple, practical tools should be especially beneficial to designers of micro robotic systems.Master of Science
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Moosavi, Anchehpoli Seyed Saeid. "Analysis and diagnosis of faults in the PMSM drivetrains for series hybrid electrical vehicles (SHEVs)." Thesis, Belfort-Montbéliard, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BELF0224/document.
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L'intérêt pour les véhicules électriques ne cesse de croitre au sein de la société contemporaine compte tenu de ses nombreuses interrogations sur l’environnement et la dépendance énergétique. Dans ce travail de thèse, nous essayons d’améliorer l’acceptabtabilité sociétale du véhicule électrique en essayant de faire avancer la recherche sur le diagnostique des défauts d’une chaine de traction électrique. Les résultats escomptés devraient permettre à terme d’améliorer la fiabilité et la durabilité de ces systèmes.Nous commençons par une revue des problèmes des défauts déjà apparus dans les véhicules hybrides séries qui disposent de l’architecture la plus proche du véhicule électrique. Une étude approfondie sur le diagnostic des défauts d’un convertisseur de puissance statique (AC-DC) ainsi que celle du moteur synchrone à aimants permanents est menée. Quatre types de défauts majeurs ont été répertoriés concernant le moteur (court-circuit au stator, démagnétisation, excentricité du rotor et défaut des roulements). Au niveau du convertisseur, nous avons considéré le défaut d’ouverture des interrupteurs. Afin d’être dans les mêmes conditions d’utilisation réelle, nous avons effectué des tests expérimentaux à vitesse et charge variables. Ce travail est basé aussi bien sur l’expérimentation que sur la modélisation. Comme par exemple, la méthode des éléments finis pour l’étude de la démagnétisation de la machine. De même, l’essai en court-circuit du stator du moteur en présence d’un contrôle vectoriel.Afin de réaliser un diagnostic en ligne des défauts, nous avons développé un modèle basé sur les réseaux de neurones. L’apprentissage de ce réseau de neurone a été effectué sur la base des résultats expérimentaux et de simulations, que nous avons réalisées. Le réseau de neurones est capable d'assimiler beaucoup de données. Ceci nous permet de classifier les défauts en termes de sévérité et de les localiser. Il permet ainsi d'évaluer le degré de performance de la chaine de traction électrique en ligne en présence des défauts et nous renseigner ainsi sur l'état de santé du système. Ces résultats devraient aboutir à l’élaboration d’une stratégie de contrôle tolérant aux défauts auto-reconfigurable pour prendre en compte les modes dégradés permettant une continuité de service du véhicule ce qui améliorera sa disponibilitéThe interest in the electric vehicles rose recently due both to environmental questions and to energetic dependence of the contemporary society. Accordingly, it is necessary to study and implement in these vehicle fault diagnosis systems which enable them to be more reliable and safe enhancing its sustainability. In this work after a review on problem of faults in the drivetrain of series hybrid electric vehicles (SHEV), a deep investigation on fault diagnosis of AC-DC power converter and permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) have been done as two important parts of traction chains in SHEVs. In other major part of this work, four types of faults (stator winding inter turn short circuit, demagnetization, eccentricity ant bearing faults) of a PMSM have been studied. Inter turn short circuit of stator winding of PMSM in different speeds and loads has been considered to identify fault feature in all operation aspects, as it is expected by electric vehicle application. Experimental results aiming short circuits, bearing and eccentricity fault detection has been presented. Analytical and finite element method (FEM) aiming demagnetization fault investigation has been developed. The AC-DC converter switches are generally exposed to the possibility of outbreak open phase faults because of troubles of the switching devices. This work proposes a robust and efficient identification method for data acquisition selection aiming fault analysis and detection. Two new patterns under AC-DC converter failure are identified and presented. To achieve this goal, four different level of switches fault are considered on the basis of both simulation and experimental results. For accuracy needs of the identified pattern for SHEV application, several parameters have been considered namely: capacitor size changes, load and speed variations. On the basis of the developed fault sensitive models above, an ANN based fault detection, diagnosis strategy and the related algorithm have been developed to show the way of using the identified patterns in the supervision and the diagnosis of the PMSM drivetrain of SHEVs. ANN method have been used to develop three diagnosis based models for : the vector controlled PMSM under inter turn short circuit, the AC/DC power converter under an open phase fault and also the PMSM under unbalanced voltage caused by open phase DC/AC inverter. These models allow supervising the main components of the PMSM drivetrains used to propel the SHEV. The ANN advantages of ability to include a lot of data mad possible to classify the faults in terms of their type and severity. This allows estimating the performance degree of that drivetrains during faulty conditions through the parameter state of health (SOH). The latter can be used in a global control strategy of PMSM control in degraded mode in which the control is auto-adjusted when a defect occurs on the system. The goal is to ensure a continuity of service of the SHEV in faulty conditions to improve its reliability
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Lacroix, Samantha. "Modélisation et commande d’une chaine de conversion pour véhicule électrique intégrant la fonction de charge des batteries." Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112074/document.
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Le développement des véhicules hybrides et électriques s’est intensifié ces dernières années, face aux problématiques environnementales et économiques. Afin que les performances de ces derniers soient comparables à celle d’un véhicule à moteur thermique, de nombreuses avancées technologiques sont indispensables. Le déploiement de véhicule entièrement à traction électrique, ne serait être réalisable, sans des infrastructures de recharge adaptées. Cette thèse constitue une contribution à l’étude d’un chargeur de batteries intégré au véhicule électrique, dans le cadre du projet SOFRACI.L'architecture de ce chargeur entièrement réversible sert également pour la traction du véhicule. L’utilisation de tous les éléments y compris le moteur de traction pour les deux fonctions, réduit l’encombrement et le coût de la structure. L’objectif principal consiste à modéliser le système de conversion alternatif-continu du chargeur et à établir les lois de commandes.Lors de la première phase de l’étude, une attention particulière a été portée à l’utilisation des enroulements de la machine en tant qu’inductance de filtrage du convertisseur. Un modèle correspondant à ce fonctionnement a été obtenu et a permis de mettre en évidence un couplage magnétique existant entre les diverses phases.En s’appuyant sur les modèles obtenues, la seconde étape a consisté à définir les stratégies de commande. Deux méthodes ont été employées. La première, par le biais d’une transformation a permis de se ramener dans un repère, où la majorité des termes de couplage ont été éliminés. Pour l’autre méthode, tous les éléments du couplage ont été considérés. Pour chacune de ces stratégies, des correcteurs PI et RST fondés sur le placement de pôles robustes ont été dimensionnés pour garantir la stabilité du système.Une part importante du travail a été consacrée à la réalisation d’un banc d’essai expérimental reconstituant la conversion alternative-continue. Compte tenu des différences de dynamiques des grandeurs asservies, une carte FPGA et un processeur ont été utilisés. L’exploitation de ce moyen d’essai a permis de comparer et de valider les lois de commande développéesEnvironmental constraints and reduction of fossil fuels resources have led industrials and laboratories to search for alternative solutions in the transportation domain. For the last few years, several vehicles or planes functions have been gradually electrified, up to their complete electrification. This thesis presents an AC/DC converter integrated in an Electric Vehicle (EV) for the charger application. The conversion is realized by using the electric traction powertrain, in order to reduce the global cost and increase compactness where a specific motor has been design.During the first phase of the study, a model of the motor used as filtering inductances has been obtained and allowed to highlight an existing magnetic coupling between the motor’s phases.The second step was to define control strategies. Two methods were used. The first one, by a transformation allowed eliminating the majority of the coupling term. In the other method, all coupling elements have been considered. For each strategies, IP and RST controllers based on robust pole placement were designed to ensure system stability.An important part of the work was devoted to the realization of an experimental test bench for AC-DC conversion. A FPGA and a processor were used for control implementation. The control laws has been compared and validated thanks to the experimental platform
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Dynge, Martin Steen-Nilsen. "Subsea Permanent Magnet Motor with Damper winding." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for elkraftteknikk, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-27238.
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Permanent Magnet (PM) machines can have difficulties dealing with unstable loads, which in worst case can make the machine to step-out of synchronous speed. This problem can be avoided by equipping the rotor with damper windings. During load variation the damper winding will induce a torque to dampen the impact of the load variation. To investigate the effects from using damper windings a numerical model of a PM machine was developed and studied in this thesis. The model is intended to operate with regards to load torque and the stator field. The stator configuration which was used in this thesis is very complex, which resulted in a lot of trial and error. Due to the complexity of the stator meant it had to be applied with a current density, which means that the voltage over the phases was not taken into account during the simulations. This simplification appears to have created an unnatural damping factor in the simulations.Simulations show that a high-conductive damper winding performs faster during load variations then a low conductive damper winding. The reason for this is that a low resistance will induce a high torque at low slip. The size of the windings also affects the performance but these are small and difficult to notice. Simulations show that the size of the damper winding should be between 5-10% of the size of the stator winding.
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Shah, Dhruv. "Sensorless control of permanent magnet synchronous motor." Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA112040.
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Nous proposons dans ces travaux, une solution aux problèmes de longue date posés par le control sans capteur d’une machine électrique. Cette solution consiste à élaborer un contrôleur asymptotiquement stable qui régule la vitesse du moteur en mesurant uniquement les coordonnées électriques. Nous l’avons appliqué à un moteur synchrone à aimant permanent non saillant, perturbé par un couple de charge constant non connu. Le schéma proposé est un observateur non linéaire d’ordre 4, basé sur le control qui ne dépend pas d’opérations non robustes intrinsèques au système, comme l’intégration de boucle ouverte à un système dynamique et ce schéma peut être facilement intégrée en temps réel. Le contrôleur est facile à commander par l’ajustement du gain qui détermine directement le taux de convergence de la position et de la vitesse et charge le couple d’observateurs. Les simulations et les résultats expérimentaux mettent en évidences les bonnes performances ainsi que la robustesse des paramètres d’incertitudes du schéma que nous proposons. La comparaison par simulation avec un contrôleur sans capteur à champ orienté présenté récemment dans la littérature, a également été effectuée. La thèse se termine par des remarques de conclusion et des propositions de sujet de recherche s’inscrivant dans la continuité de ces travauxA solution to the longstanding problem of sensorless control of an electrical machine is provided in this work. That is, the construction of an asymptotically stable controller that regulates the mechanical speed of the motor, measuring only the electrical coordinates. The result is presented for a non-salient permanent magnet synchronous motor perturbed by an unknown constant load torque. The proposed scheme is a fourth order nonlinear observer-based controller that does not rely on-intrinsically nonrobust-operations like open-loop integration of the systems dynamical model nor signal differentiation, and can be easily implemented in real time. The controller is easy to commission, with the tuning gains directly determining the convergence rates of the position, speed and load torque observers. Simulation and experimental results that illustrate the good performance, as well as the robustness to parameter uncertainty, of the scheme are presented. A simulated comparison with a sensorless field-oriented controller, recently proposed in the drives literature, is also carried out. The thesis is closed with some concluding remarks and some potential research topics generated from this work
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Atallah, Kais. "Iron losses in brushless permanent magnet DC machines." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1993. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14941/.
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A closed-loop computer-controlled single-sheet test system has been developed to characterise lamination materials and to measure, the iron loss density under any specified flux density waveform. The system has been 'used to validate predictions from a recently developed theoretical model, for the calculation of the excess loss component associated with domaiQ wall movement, under flux density waveforms typical of those encountered in the stator core of brushless permanent magnet dc motors. In addition, an improved expression for the calculation of the iron loss density component, from measured 71 and 7!vectors, due to rotatio~ in non-purely rotating flux conditions, has been derived. A simple analytical model from which the airgap flux density and spread of magnet working points can be determined and which accounts for the effects of curvature for radial-field permanent magnet machines has been developed and validated. The model has been coupled to an analytical technique for the prediction of the open-circuit flux density waveforms in different regions of the stator core, and has subsequently been employed for the prediction of the open-circuit iron loss. In order to predict the iron loss under any specified load condition, a technique which couples a brushless dc drive system simulation to a series of magnetostatic finite element analyses corresponding to discrete instants in a commutation cycle has been developed. It enables the prediction of the local flux density waveforms throughout the stator core under any operating condition, and has been employed to predict the local iron loss density distribution 'and the total iron loss and their variation with both the load and the commutation strategy, Finally, the theoretical findings have been validated against measurements on a representative low power brushless drive system.
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Tenerz, Mikael. "Parameter Estimation in a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Reglerteknik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-73288.
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This thesis adresses the problem of estimating the parameters in a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). There is an uncertainty about the parameters, due to age and tolerances in the manufacturing process. Parameters such as the resistance and the current to torque factor Kt, changes with respect to temperature as well. The temperature in the motor varies in normal motor operation, due to variations in angular velocity and torques. Online estimation methods with the model reference adaptive systems technique (MRAS) and offline methods are presented. The estimation algorithms are validated in simulations with Matlab/Simulink and also evaluated with experimental data. Experiments were performed on a range of different motors, in realistic scenarios. Relevant factors such as the angular velocity of the rotor and the impact of the gravity force are investigated. The results show that it is possible to estimate the motor factor $K_t$, with an accuracy of two percentage from its reference value in normal industry conditions. The estimated value of the motor inductance is within 25 percentage of the calculated reference value. The resistance however is affected by the resistance in the cables from the motor to the measurement device. With the cable resistance included in the calculations, the estimate still often exceeds double the value of the reference value.
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Dema, Kleita. "Sensorless Control of Inner Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.
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In this thesis, a speed observer is implemented to estimate the position and the speed of an IPMSM by injecting a voltage signal at high frequency. The fundamental principle is to track the position error through a PLL loop, instead of aiming to estimating the actual position. Several simulations are carried out to assess the performance of the control system to parameter variations. The stability and the robustness of the control system is proved at different speeds.
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Petersson, Fredrik. "Sensorless Control of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-17313.
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A permanent magnet synchronous motor is traditionally controlled from measured
values of the angular velocity and position of the rotor. However, there is a wish
from SAAB Avitronics to investigate the possibility of estimating this angular
velocity and position from the current measurements. The rotating rotor will
affect the currents in the motor’s stator depending on the rotor’s angular velocity,
and the observer estimates the angular velocity and angular position from this
effect.
There are several methods proposed in the article database IEEE Xplore to
observe this angular velocity and angular position. The methods of observation
chosen for study in this thesis are the extended Kalman filter and a phase locked
loop algorithm based on the back electro motive force augmented by an injection
method at low velocities.
The extended Kalman filter was also programmed to be run on a digital signal
processor in SAAB Avitronics’ developing hardware. The extended Kalman filter
performs well in simulations and shows promise in hardware implementation. The
algorithm for hardware implementation suffers from poor resolution in calculations
involving the covariance matrices of the Kalman filter due to the use of 16-bit
integers, yielding an observer that only functions in certain conditions.
As simulations with 32-bit integer algorithm performs well it is likely that a 32-
bit implementation of the extended Kalman filter would perform well on a motor,
making sensorless control possible in a wide range of operations.
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Wiriyakitja, Wisaruda. "Winding current reconstruction of brushless permanent magnet motor." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENS/09ensw798.pdf.
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Bibliography: leaves 101-102. The main objective of this thesis is to reconstruct the winding currents accurately by using the information of DC link current and the switching signals. Describes the advantages and disadvantages of the BLPM motor and presents a comparative study. Reports the current measurement techniques and related devices and then discusses the requirement of current sensors and their locations in detail. Explains the simulation program of the BLPM motor drive. Describes the experimental setup that is used to validate the simulation results. Provides the details of all possible switching states of the inverter that is obtained by analysing the switching patterns and the directions of the currents and the details of the LabVIEW-based simulation block diagrams.
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Nipp, Eckart. "Permanent magnet motor drives with switched stator windings." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm, 1999. http://www.lib.kth.se/abs99/nipp0624.html.
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Zheng, Liping. "SUPER HIGH-SPEED MINIATURIZED PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2005. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3552.
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This dissertation is concerned with the design of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) to operate at super-high speed with high efficiency. The designed and fabricated PMSM was successfully tested to run upto 210,000 rpm The designed PMSM has 2000 W shaft output power at 200,000 rpm and at the cryogenic temperature of 77 K. The test results showed the motor to have an efficiency reaching above 92%. This achieved efficiency indicated a significant improvement compared to commercial motors with similar ratings. This dissertation first discusses the basic concept of electrical machines. After that, the modeling of PMSM for dynamic simulation is provided. Particular design strategies have to be adopted for super-high speed applications since motor losses assume a key role in the motor drive performance limit. The considerations of the PMSM structure for cryogenic applications are also discussed. It is shown that slotless structure with multi-strand Litz-wire is favorable for super-high speeds and cryogenic applications. The design, simulation, and test of a single-sided axial flux pancake PMSM is presented. The advantages and disadvantages of this kind of structure are discussed, and further improvements are suggested and some have been verified by experiments. The methodologies of designing super high-speed motors are provided in details. Based on these methodologies, a super high-speed radial-flux PMSM was designed and fabricated. The designed PMSM meets our expectation and the tested results agree with the design specifications. 2-D and 3-D modeling of the complicated PMSM structure for the electromagnetic numerical simulations of motor performance and parameters such as phase inductors, core losses, rotor eddy current loss, torque, and induced electromotive force (back-EMF) are also presented in detail in this dissertation. Some mechanical issues such as thermal analysis, bearing pre-load, rotor stress analysis, and rotor dynamics analysis are also discussed. Different control schemes are presented and suitable control schemes for super high- speed PMSM are also discussed in detail.Ph.D.
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science
Electrical Engineering
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Schad, Judah, Cameron Nichols, and Katelyn Brinker. "Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Variable Frequency Drive System." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/627008.
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This paper discusses a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) variable frequency drive (VFD) system developed for an all-terrain Wifi-HaLow connected (802.11ah, 900 MHz) modular electric vehicle that competed in the Mars University Rover Challenge (URC). The quadrature axis flux linkage for each motor was estimated using on-board voltage and current measurements. A synchronous control algorithm tracked the electromagnetic operating parameters, which are highly dependent on variations in motor construction and load conditions. A feed-forward model-driven observer solution calculated flux linkage angles by direct-quadrature-zero transformation of three-phase shunt currents using DSP processors.
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Kumar, Jha Amit. "Optimization of Line Start Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Magnet Cost Reduction." Thesis, KTH, Elektrisk energiomvandling, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-124550.
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In this thesis different methods of optimizing line start permanent magnet motor (LSPM) for magnet cost reduction is studied. Influence of different parameters has been studied by simulating magneto-static and transient FEM models of the machine. Finally a motor design of a LSPM with high rotor saliency has been proposed. The first method investigated is the use of flux barriers in LSPM and its effect on the magnetic flux leakage. The flux barriers reduce the flux leakage and hence help in reducing magnet volume. The second method studied is the use of two different grades of magnets. Using low price magnets help in reducing the total magnet cost without reducing the air gap flux density. The reduction in NdFeB magnet volume is not substantial by using both the methods mentioned above. The third method investigated is increasing the saliency of the rotor by introducing flux barriers and reducing the corresponding magnet volume. Both the magneto static and transient models are used to study the effect of different parameters of the motor. The placement and volume of magnet plays a critical role in motor performance. At first, the developed reluctance torque of the motor is maximized by doing parametric study and then magnets are placed in slots to achieve the required efficiency and power factor. The motor is simulated with NdFeB magnets and with Ferrite magnets. It has been found that using high saliency LSPM motor the NdFeB magnet volume can be reduced significantly. It is also shown that the same performance of motor (as compared to the motor with NdFeB magnets) can be achieved by using Ferrite magnets. The volume of Ferrite magnet required will be larger but still cost-wise using Ferrite is an attractive choice. Therefore, a design of motor is proposed using both NdFeB magnets and Ferrite magnets. Finally, the performance of proposed LSPM motor with high saliency is compared with that of an induction motor.
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Strahan, Richard Johnston. "Energy conversion by permanent magnet machines and novel development of the single phase synchronous permanent magnet motor." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5602.
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Energy methods are widely used and well understood for determining the torque or force in machines which do not contain permanent magnets. Energy methods are employed to calculate torques or forces of magnetic origin after determination of the energy stored in the electromechanical coupling field. In this thesis, the energy stored in a permanent magnet system is defined, and the energy-coenergy relationship is determined. It is shown how residual magnetism can be incorporated into classical electromechanical coupling theory. It is therefore shown how equations for torques or forces can be derived for permanent magnet systems using energy methods.
An analytical method of calculating permanent magnet reluctance torque is developed. The method uses an elementary expression for the magnetic field to obtain the stored energy. This enables an analytical expression for the reluctance torque waveform to be obtained. The method is demonstrated to provide a powerful and fast design tool. The method can be generally applied to reluctance torque problems where the airgap is reasonably smooth.
The single phase synchronous permanent magnet motor is used in domestic appliances. It is a motor of very simple construction and high reliability, which is directly connected to an AC mains supply, and runs at synchronous speed. It is becoming increasingly used in preference to the shaded pole induction motor. However, its application is limited by the following characteristics. There is no control over the final direction of rotation, unless a mechanical blocking device is used. There are rotor positions at which only a very small starting torque is available. The characteristic twice electrical frequency torque pulsation yields a speed modulation of the same frequency, which can cause acoustic noise problems. A method of improving torque quality by improving the motor design is proposed to alleviate these limiting characteristics. This is achieved by designing a permanent magnet reluctance torque which cancels out the effect of the backward rotating component of the stator field. In this novel design, the permanent magnet reluctance torque effectively acts as a second balancing phase.
An unconventional technique for starting a single phase synchronous permanent magnet motor is demonstrated. This technique uses an inductive reluctance torque, provided by placing a suitably shaped iron lamination on the rotor, to rotate the rotor to a position from which starting can occur.
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Ocen, David. "Direct Torque Control of a Permanent Magnet synchronous Motor." Thesis, KTH, Reglerteknik, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-109456.
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This work presents an improved variant of the Direct Torque Control (DTC) for a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM). The improved DTC use a higher number of voltage space vectors by introducing a kind of Space Vector Modulation technique. The higher number of space vectors are tabulated in more precise switch tables which also take the emf induced in the stator windings into account. The emf voltage significantly affect the motor behavior from a given space vector. It is discussed how the switch tables are constructed. Experiments from the classical and improved DTC are compared and show that the torque, flux linkage and stator current ripples are significantly decreased with the improved DTC.