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Journal articles on the topic 'DDT (Insecticide) – Toxicity testing'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

Aldana-Madrid, M. L., S. Valdez-Hurtado, N. D. Vargas-Valdez, et al. "Insecticide Residues in Stored Grains in Sonora, Mexico: Quantification and Toxicity Testing." Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 80, no. 2 (2008): 93–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00128-007-9302-8.

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2

Abdel-Hamid, Mohammad I. "Development and application of a simple procedure for toxicity testing using immobilized algae." Water Science and Technology 33, no. 6 (1996): 129–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0089.

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A simple microplate technique was adopted for toxicity assessment of a number of pesticides including six herbicides (Atrazine, Dichloroprop, Glyphosphate, Chlorsulfuron, MCPA, and Simazine), an insecticide (Dimethoate) and a fungicide (Propiconazol). Growth response of free and immobilized cultures of the green chlorococcal algae Selenastrum capricornumtum to different treatments of these pesticides was tested and compared. The biotests were carried out under conditions optimal for the growth of the test alga. Algal growth was exposed in terms of dry weight, and was employed as the toxicity-r

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3

Miclea, Ileana, Dragos Cosma, Marius Zahan, Anamaria Pernes, and Vasile Miclea. "In Vitro Testing of the Insecticide Reldan 22 on Swine Oocyte Maturation." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Animal Science and Biotechnologies 73, no. 2 (2016): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-asb:12195.

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Chlorpyrifos (Reldan 22) is an widely used insecticide for the control of insect pests in agricultureand in residential areas. It is classified as moderately toxic by the United States Environmental Protection Agency and has been quantified in human biological fluids. Given that the use of porcine and bovine models for testing chemicals has increased recently we designed an experiment to test the toxicity of several Chlorpyrifos concentrations and investigate its effects on maturation of swine oocytes. Swine oocytes from ovaries harvested in a commercial slaughterhouse were cultured for 44-45h

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4

Campagna, A. F., M. N. Eler, E. L. G. Espíndola, J. A. Senhorini, R. F. do Rêgo, and L. O. L. Silva. "Dimethoate 40% organosphosphorous pesticide toxicity in Prochilodus lineatus (Prochilodontidae, Characiformes) eggs and larvae." Brazilian Journal of Biology 66, no. 2b (2006): 633–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842006000400007.

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Toxicity tests using early life stages of fish are of great importance in assessing risks to growth, reproduction and survival in polluted environments and are important tools for good environmental monitoring. However, a small number of standard bioassays of this type have been developed in Brazil. Curimbatá (Prochilodus lineatus) is an abundant South American characid fish of great commercial interest. It was chosen for testing different concentrations of 40% dimethoate, an organophosphate insecticide and acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) inhibitor used widely in Brazil. The 48-h LC50 for e

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5

Hayton, Sarah, Garth Maker, Ian Mullaney, and Robert Trengove. "Untargeted metabolomics of neuronal cell culture: A model system for the toxicity testing of insecticide chemical exposure." Toxicology Letters 280 (October 2017): S266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.07.943.

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Hayton, Sarah, Garth L. Maker, Ian Mullaney, and Robert D. Trengove. "Untargeted metabolomics of neuronal cell culture: A model system for the toxicity testing of insecticide chemical exposure." Journal of Applied Toxicology 37, no. 12 (2017): 1481–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jat.3498.

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7

Francis, Sheena, Jervis Crawford, Sashell McKenzie, et al. "Comparative toxicity of larvicides and growth inhibitors on Aedes aegypti from select areas in Jamaica." Royal Society Open Science 7, no. 3 (2020): 192041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.192041.

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Insecticide resistance has become problematic in tropical and subtropical regions, where Aedes mosquitoes and Aedes -borne arboviral diseases thrive. With the recent occurrence of chikungunya and the Zika virus in Jamaica, the Ministry of Health and Wellness, Jamaica, partnered with the United States Agency for International Development to implement multiple intervention activities to reduce the Aedes aegypti populations in seven parishes across the island and to assess the susceptibility of collected samples to various concentrations of temephos, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis, (Bt

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8

de Sousa Pereira, Kleber, Mateus Chediak, José Cola Zanuncio, and Raul Narciso Carvalho Guedes. "Chlorantraniliprole impact on survival and progeny quality of the pupa of the parasitoid Palmistichus elaeisis (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)." Canadian Entomologist 151, no. 1 (2018): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/tce.2018.49.

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AbstractThe insecticide chlorantraniliprole is recommended for integrated pest management programmes of caterpillar (Lepidoptera) pest species. This insecticide is considered harmless to parasitoids, but its selectivity may vary with the species of natural enemy, few of which were subjected to testing. Furthermore, in addition to the active ingredient, formulation adjuvants may improve insecticide efficiency, but also its impact on nontargeted organisms. Here the chlorantraniliprole effect and its interaction with adjuvant on the survival and qualitative parameters of progeny of the nontarget

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9

Stanley, Johnson, Subramaniam Chandrasekaran, Gnanadhas Preetha, Sasthakutty Kuttalam, and Robert Sheeba Jasmine. "Selective toxicity of diafenthiuron to non-target organisms: honey bees, coccinellids, chelonus, earthworms, silkworms and fish." Journal of Plant Protection Research 56, no. 1 (2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jppr-2016-0001.

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Abstract Diafenthiuron, an insecticide widely used in the management of pests of cardamom and cotton, was assessed for its toxicity-effect on beneficials commonly found in these ecosystems. Diafenthiuron was found to be toxic to honey bees, the prime pollinators of crop plants. Diafenthiuron at the highest tested dose caused 40% mortality to the coccinelid grubs at 48 h after treatment so, diafenthiuron was found to be slightly harmful. Monocrotophos, on the other hand has been found to be a highly toxic pesticide. Diafenthiuron is moderately harmful to the adults of Chelonus blackburni L. The

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10

Agyekum, Thomas P., Paul K. Botwe, John Arko-Mensah, et al. "A Systematic Review of the Effects of Temperature on Anopheles Mosquito Development and Survival: Implications for Malaria Control in a Future Warmer Climate." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 14 (2021): 7255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18147255.

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The rearing temperature of the immature stages can have a significant impact on the life-history traits and the ability of adult mosquitoes to transmit diseases. This review assessed published evidence of the effects of temperature on the immature stages, life-history traits, insecticide susceptibility, and expression of enzymes in the adult Anopheles mosquito. Original articles published through 31 March 2021 were systematically retrieved from Scopus, Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, ProQuest, and Web of Science databases. After applying eligibility criteria, 29 studies were included.

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11

LUO, MAN, LI-KE JIANG, and GUO-LIN ZOU. "Acute and Genetic Toxicity of Essential Oil Extracted from Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers." Journal of Food Protection 68, no. 3 (2005): 581–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-68.3.581.

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Litsea cubeba oil is an aromatic essential oil extracted from the fresh fruits of Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers. It is used as a flavor enhancer in foods, cosmetics, and cigarettes; as a raw material in the manufacture of citral, vitamins A, E, and K, ionone, methyl ionone, and perfumes; and as an antimicrobial and insecticide. Based on the widespread use of L. cubeba oil, its insolubility in water, resulting in its partition in soil sediment, and its volatility when exposed to the atmosphere, risk of injury due to consumption and occupational exposure may be significant. In the present study, we

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12

Widayani, Neneng Sri, Afifah Nashirotul Haq, Lindung Tri Puspasari, Yusup Hidayat, and Danar Dono. "Testing The Effect of Temperature, Storage Time, The Residual Test of Neem Oil Formulation (Azadirachta indica A. JUSS) and Bitung Formulation (Baringtonia asiatica) to Its Toxicity Against Large Cabbage Heart Caterpillar (Crocidolomia pavonana F)." CROPSAVER - Journal of Plant Protection 1, no. 1 (2019): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/cropsaver.v1i1.16996.

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This study aims to determine the effect of temperature and storage time of neem formulation and residual test of neem formulation and bitung formulation to its toxicity on C. pavonana larvae. The formulations tested on the storability and temperature test using the newly prepared, neem formula has been stored for 19 months at room temperature 24.6-31,7 C, and stored in low temperature (4 degree Celsius) as well as controls. The toxicity of the neem oil formulation was tested at concentrations of 1%, 2%, and 3%. Residual testing was performed by spraying and the residual test samples were taken

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13

Georgewill Udeme Owunari and Iwu Janet Chika. "Effect of chlorpheniramine on acute dichlorvos poisoning in wistar rats." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 14, no. 1 (2021): 154–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2021.14.1.0024.

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Introduction: Pesticide poisoning is a serious public health concern worldwide. According to WHO, about 3 million cases occur every year, resulting in more than 250,000 deaths. In response to the problems of unavailability of antidotes and cost in sub-Saharan Africa, this research set out to investigate chlorpheniramine, a cheap and readily available over the counter (OTC) antihistamine for possible antidotal effects on rats acutely poisoned with dichlorvos. Methodology: The antidotal and protective effect of chlorpheniramine a H1 antihistamine on acute toxicity by dichlorvos, an organophospho

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14

Ziaee, Masumeh, and Asgar Babamir-Satehi. "Characterization of Nanostructured Silica as Carrier for Insecticides Deltamethrin, Pyriproxyfen, and Chlorpyrifos and Testing the Insecticidal Efficacy Against Trogoderma granarium (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) Larvae." Journal of Economic Entomology 113, no. 1 (2019): 511–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/toz264.

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Abstract Nanostructured silica can be used as a carrier of pesticides to enhance stability and controlled release of agrochemicals with an effective concentration on target pests. Silica nanoparticles (SNPs) were synthesized by sol–gel process and employed as a carrier of three different insecticides including deltamethrin, pyriproxyfen, and chlorpyrifos. The SNPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis and the insecticides-loaded in SNPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The toxicity of insecticides alone and lo

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15

Sapbamrer, Ratana, Surat Hongsibsong, Manoch Naksata, and Wimol Naksata. "Insecticide Filtration Efficiency of Respiratory Protective Equipment Commonly Worn by Farmers in Thailand." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 5 (2021): 2624. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052624.

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Farmers are at a high risk of inhalation exposure when handling pesticides. Thai farmers usually protect themselves against pesticide exposure by wearing commercial respiratory protective equipment (RPE) available from rural community markets. However, scientific data regarding the pesticide filtration efficiency of RPE commonly worn by farmers is limited. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the efficiency of insecticide filtration of various RPE commonly worn by farmers in Thailand. The half facepiece respirator was used as a control to compare the results with other RPE. Ten types of RPE w

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16

Bundschuh, Rebecca, Juliane Schmitz, Mirco Bundschuh, and Carsten Albrecht Brühl. "Does insecticide drift adversely affect grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Saltatoria) in field margins? A case study combining laboratory acute toxicity testing with field monitoring data." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 31, no. 8 (2012): 1874–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.1895.

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17

Cheng, Xiaodong, Mirna Golemovic, Francis Giles, et al. "Organic Arsenic Lipid Derivatives Are More Potent and Less Toxic Than Inorganic Arsenic Trioxide in Preclinical Testing." Blood 104, no. 11 (2004): 1803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.1803.1803.

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Abstract Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is an inorganic arsenic derivative that is effective in patients with relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia. It is being investigated as therapy for other cancers but the risk/benefit ratio for its use still has to be determined due to its significant side effects. In contrast, organic arsenic derivatives are known to be much less toxic. We have synthesized a series of eight organic arsenic lipid derivatives and have tested them in NIH 60 cell line screen. Based on its activity, we selected GMZ27 [3-S-di(n-propyl)arsino-3-thio-1,2-propanediol] for further study

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18

You, Kyung-Sook, Myoung-Hee Lee, and Kwan Ha Park. "A rat model to evaluate the pesticide permeability and stress effects of protective clothing." Toxicology and Industrial Health 21, no. 1-2 (2005): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0748233705th214oa.

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No animal model exists for testing the suitability of a protective garment before actual application in humans. The animal testing model is valuable in particular as the assessment of permeability of hazardous chemicals in humans cannot be easily performed due to possible toxicity to test subjects. We explored a rat model by designing a protective garment to fit rats, and then examining pesticide permeability and physiological responses. When nongarmented rats were exercised in a treadmill, there were increases in heart rate, mean arterial pressure and body temperature. The increases in heart

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19

Wang, Song Mei, Xiang Yang Wu, Hai Xu, Cong Wei Lu, Yun Xiao Xu, and Fan Zhang. "Toxic Effects of Toxaphene for Goldfish." Applied Mechanics and Materials 641-642 (September 2014): 1195–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.641-642.1195.

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Toxaphene is an organochlorine insecticide, widely used in cereals, vegetables, fruits, tea and other pests. However, in killing pests, increasing agricultural production, while toxaphene aquatic creatures threat. In order to enrich aquatic organisms toxicological data, evaluate the risk to aquatic organisms toxaphene healthy growth, we use the traditional toxicological approach to study the toxic effects of toxaphene goldfish (Carassius auratus)'s. Study 5 toxaphene concentration 7d goldfish exposed catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), acetylcholinesterase (TChE), glutathione peroxidas

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20

Baron, Gemma L., Nigel E. Raine, and Mark J. F. Brown. "General and species-specific impacts of a neonicotinoid insecticide on the ovary development and feeding of wild bumblebee queens." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 284, no. 1854 (2017): 20170123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.0123.

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Bumblebees are essential pollinators of crops and wild plants, but are in decline across the globe. Neonicotinoid pesticides have been implicated as a potential driver of these declines, but most of our evidence base comes from studies of a single species. There is an urgent need to understand whether such results can be generalized across a range of species. Here, we present results of a laboratory experiment testing the impacts of field-relevant doses (1.87–5.32 ppb) of the neonicotinoid thiamethoxam on spring-caught wild queens of four bumblebee species: Bombus terrestris , B. lucorum , B.

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Drobnjakovic, Tanja, Dejan Marcic, Mirjana Prijovic, Pantelija Peric, Slobodan Milenkovic, and Jelena Boskovic. "Sublethal effects of imidacloprid on the whitefly parasitoid Ecarsia formosa Gahan." Pesticidi i fitomedicina 32, no. 3-4 (2017): 205–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pif1704205d.

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Acute toxicity of an imidacloprid-based product (Confidor 200 SL) to pupae of the whitefly parasitoid Encarsia formosa Gahan (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), and its effects on life history traits and population growth in F1 generation of the surviving parasitoid females of a commercial strain (?Dutch? strain, D) and two local populations from Serbia (Bujanovac, B; Negotin, N) were examined in laboratory bioassays. All trials were carried out at 27?1?C temperature and 60?10% relative humidity, and under 16/8 h daylight/darkness photoperiod in four replications. In acute toxicity bioassays, tobacco

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22

Podder, Sayanti, and Sumedha Roy. "Exposure-dependent variation in cryolite induced lethality in the nontarget insect, Drosophila melanogaster." Interdisciplinary Toxicology 7, no. 1 (2014): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/intox-2014-0003.

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Abstract The starting point of toxicity testing of any chemical in an organism is the determination of its Lethal Concentration 50 (LC50). In the present study, LC50 of a fluorinated insecticide cryolite is determined in a non-target insect model, Drosophila melanogaster. Interestingly, the result shows that acute LC50 of cryolite was much greater in comparison to the chronic one in case of Drosophila larvae. Larvae which were exposed to 65,000 to 70,000 μg/ml cryolite through food showed 50% mortality after 18 hours of acute exposure, whereas only 150 to 160 μg/ml cryolite was sufficient to c

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23

Bernard, Bruce K., and Elliot B. Gordon. "An Evaluation of the Common Mechanism Approach to the Food Quality Protection Act: Captan and Four Related Fungicides, a Practical Example." International Journal of Toxicology 19, no. 1 (2000): 43–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/109158100225033.

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Under the Food Quality Protection Act (FQPA) of 1996 (Act), the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is mandated to conduct cumulative risk assessment on pesticides that act through a common mechanism of toxicity. Incumbent on the Agency is the development of sound scientific principles upon which to evaluate compounds for the presence of a common mechanism. Using the currently available draft guidance criteria, this paper employs five fungicides of the same general class, typified by captan, to evaluate both the criteria and the available scientific data. Captan and folpet are

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24

Rodgman, A., and CR Green. "Toxic Chemicals in Cigarette Mainstream Smoke - Hazard and Hoopla." Beiträge zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research 20, no. 8 (2003): 481–545. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0764.

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AbstractThese are curious times. The Canadian government has passed legislation that requires cigarette manufacturers to routinely test and publish the amounts of 44 toxic substances in cigarette mainstream smoke (MSS). Following in the footsteps of their northern neighbor, various US legislators and regulators are considering modifications to their cigarette testing and reporting programs that will also list toxicants in MSS. Across the Atlantic Ocean, the European Commission has passed a directive that may also follow the North American lead for public disclosure of MSS toxic chemicals for e

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25

Sun, Ying-Jian, Qing-Juan Cao, Ming-Yuan Xu, Lin Yang, and Yi-Jun Wu. "Individual and combined hepatocytotoxicity of DDT and cadmiumin vitro." Toxicology and Industrial Health, April 15, 2021, 074823372110073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/07482337211007361.

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The organochlorine insecticide dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and heavy metal cadmium (Cd) are widespread environmental pollutants. They are persistent in the environment and can accumulate in organisms. Although the individual toxicity of DDT and Cd has been well documented, their combined toxicity is still not clear. Since liver is their common target, in this study, the individual and combined toxicity of DDT and Cd in human liver carcinoma HepG2 and human normal liver THLE-3 cell lines were investigated. The results showed that DDT and Cd inhibited the viability of HepG2 and THLE-3

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26

Ray, Suryapratap, and Tejasvi Bhatia. "EFFICIENT CHROMATOGRAPHIC APPROACH FOR THE ANALYSIS OF INSECTICIDES AND ECO-TOXICOLOGICAL ASPECTS." GLOBAL JOURNAL FOR RESEARCH ANALYSIS, February 15, 2021, 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.36106/gjra/9011553.

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In today's rapid growing industries and technology, the frequent use of various insecticide in agriculture sector can be commonly encountered. Insecticides such as carbamate, organochlorine and pyrethroids helps protecting the crop from various insects, which ultimately leads to the better yield of agricultural products. But the main concern that comes out in such frequent practice is the adverse effects to the adjacent ecosystems. Especially, the very commonly used carbofuran, DDT, Cypermethrin and its adverse effects can be put forwarded as a potential example in this article. Apart from thi

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27

Zhang, Hongying, Mingqiang Li, Ruixiang Tan, et al. "Presence of L1014F Knockdown-Resistance Mutation in Anopheles gambiae s.s. From São Tomé and Príncipe." Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 11 (July 7, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.633905.

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Malaria, one of the most serious parasitic diseases, kills thousands of people every year, especially in Africa. São Tomé and Príncipe are known to have stable transmission of malaria. Indoor residual spraying (IRS) of insecticides and long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN) are considered as an effective malaria control interventions in these places. The resistance status of Anopheles gambiae s.s. from Agua Grande, Caue, and Lemba of São Tomé and Príncipe to insecticides, such as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) (4.0%), deltamethrin (0.05%), permethrin (0.75%), fenitrothion (1.0%), and mal

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28

Ezemonye, Lawrence, and Isioma Ilechie. "ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF PESTICIDES CONTAMINATION ON AMPHIBIAN TADPOLES (Ptychadena bibroni) OF THE NIGER DELTA OF NIGERIA." Estudos de Biologia 28, no. 64 (2006). http://dx.doi.org/10.7213/reb.v28i64.22735.

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Ecological effects of pesticides contamination on amphibian larval stages were assessed using acute toxicity in the laboratory. The study compared the toxicity of two widely used pesticides, Atrazine (herbicide) and Basudin (insecticide) on the larval stages of dominant frogs Ptychadena bibroni of Niger Delta of Nigeria. The American society of Testing and Material (ASTM) recommended semi-static renewal bioassay was employed, and LC50 was measured at 96 hours. Mean estimated 96 hours LC50 values showed that Basudin (Lc50 -0.860 μg/l) was more toxic than Atrazine (LC50 230.62 μg/l). Derived LC5

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Prylipko, T. "Quality Control, Safety Of Raw Meat And Turkey Meat Pate And Justification Of Recipes And Sterilization Regimens." Podilian Bulletin: Agriculture, Engineering, Economics, no. 31 (December 25, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.37406/2706-9052-2019-2-3.

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In the study of the toxicity of turkey meat, it was found that the content of toxic elements in the tested batches did not exceed the permitted levels. Thus, the lead content in meat was 0.08 mg / kg, which is 6.2 times (P <0.05) less than the determined norm, the arsenic content was at the level of 0.02 mg / kg or 5 times (P <0.05) is less than the standard, and cadmium and mercury are not detected at all. Based on the defined function and constraints, we create a spreadsheet in MS Excel according to functional dependency. The built-in Excel Solution Finder was used to determine the opt

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Simpson, Catherine. "Communicating Uncertainty about Climate Change: The Scientists’ Dilemma." M/C Journal 14, no. 1 (2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/mcj.348.

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Photograph by Gonzalo Echeverria (2010)We need to get some broad-based support, to capture the public’s imagination … so we have to offer up scary scenarios, make simplified, dramatic statements and make little mention of any doubts … each of us has to decide what the right balance is between being effective and being honest (Hulme 347). Acclaimed climate scientist, the late Stephen Schneider, made this comment in 1988. Later he regretted it and said that there are ways of using metaphors that can “convey both urgency and uncertainty” (Hulme 347). What Schneider encapsulates here is the great

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