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Relevant bibliographies by topics / De facto state

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Academic literature on the topic 'De facto state'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 3 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "De facto state"

1

Raisman, Neal A. "The de facto state of general education." New Directions for Community Colleges 1993, no. 81 (1993): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cc.36819938104.

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Kosienkowski, Marcin. "The Gagauz Republic: An Autonomism-Driven De Facto State." Soviet and Post-Soviet Review 44, no. 3 (September 7, 2017): 292–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18763324-20171233.

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The post-Soviet area is a home for a several de facto states, which are entities that resemble “normal” states but lack international recognition. This paper examines a historical case study of the Gagauz Republic (Gagauzia), a de facto state that existed on the territory of Soviet and then independent Moldova between 1990 and 1995. Whilst the prevailing view in the literature on de facto states is that these entities strive for internationally recognised independence, this study draws on a new suite of sources (including interviews, memoirs and journalism) to argue that the Gagauz Republic’s leaders did not pursue the goal of independence. Instead, they sought autonomism, pursuing a measure of self-governance within Gagauzia’s two subsequent parent states, namely the Soviet Union and then independent Moldova.

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Mendle, Michael. "De facto freedom, de facto authority: press and parliament, 1640–1643." Historical Journal 38, no. 2 (June 1995): 307–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x00019440.

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ABSTRACTIn 1641 a century-long partnership of the crown and the London Stationers collapsed, leaving state control of the press and the Stationers’ interest in copyright in an extremely vulnerable situation. Tentatively at first and with growing assertiveness by 1642, the Lords and Commons revised and restated in their own interest the old partnership of the state and the Stationers; for their part, the Stationers worked hard to demonstrate their utility to the new regime and to preserve the privileges that allowed them to control the book business. The result of their joint efforts was the licensing ordinance of 1643, which critics, including John Milton, thought to be scarcely distinguishable from the Star Chamber decree of 1637, the high-water mark of the old regime. But the ordinance proved only partially successful. In the interim between regimes, there emerged a vigorous if vulgar tabloid journalism avant la lettre, sustained by an underclass of undisciplined elements of the Stationers’ Company, non-company interlopers and hawkers, and often youthful scribblers, several of them Cambridge drop-outs. Such engaging rascals no less than moralists like Milton had their share in acclimatizing the English to a press practically free of prior restraint.

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O'Loughlin, John, Vladimir Kolossov, and Gerard Toal (Gearóid Tuathail). "Inside Abkhazia: Survey of Attitudes in a De Facto State." Post-Soviet Affairs 27, no. 1 (January 2011): 1–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2747/1060-586x.27.1.1.

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Johnson and Smaker. "State Building in De Facto States: Somaliland and Puntland Compared." Africa Today 60, no. 4 (2014): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/africatoday.60.4.3.

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Jüde, Johannes. "Contesting borders? The formation of Iraqi Kurdistan's de facto state." International Affairs 93, no. 4 (July 2017): 847–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ia/iix125.

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Kazantseva, Olesya L. "Local government in Russia: de jure and de facto." Tyumen State University Herald. Social, Economic, and Law Research 5, no. 4 (2019): 103–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21684/2411-7897-2019-5-4-103-121.

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The analysis of the RF Federal Law of 6 October 2003 No 131-FZ, which enshrines the general principles of the organization of local self-government in the Russian Federation, demonstrates the consistent introduction of amendments aimed at restricting the autonomy of local self-government, which clearly contradicts the constitutional provisions on local self-government. In this regard, it seems necessary to determine the presence of the lower level of public authority (local self-government), for which it is necessary to reveal the conformity of the modern realities of local self-government with constitutional provisions and normative legal acts adopted for their development, that is, correlate de jure and de facto. The Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, the highest constitutional justice body, has a great influence on the formation of local self-government in the Russian state. It forms the legal position on the organizational, legal, competence, territorial, financial and economic foundations of local self-government. In this regard, researchers are interested in the legal positions of the RF Constitutional Court regarding the autonomy of local self-government and its relations with state authorities, which have undergone significant changes throughout the entire period of reforming local self-government. Based on the analysis of changes in the legislation on local self-government and the legal positions of the RF Constitutional Court, this article shows the inconsistency of local self-government at the present stage of its development. Thus, the author proves that there are no working mechanisms for the implementation of local self-government by the population. This article concludes that the current situation requires special attention and attitude from the state, since without purposeful changes in the state policy in the sphere of local self-government it is impossible to preserve such postulates enshrined in the Russian Constitution, as democracy and local government.

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Eckert, Denis. "UKRAINIAN BORDER: CURRENT STATE AND PROBLEMS." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Geography, no. 75 (2019): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2721.2019.75.4.

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This article analyses Ukraine’s current borders, de jure and de facto, from a geopolitical point of view. Significant changes in the border regime occurred after the political events of 2014. The emergence of de facto borders after the annexation of Crimea and the hostilities in eastern Ukraine raises the question not only of the direction of the Ukrainian state’s foreign policy but also has fundamental consequences for domestic policy. The presence of international organisations monitoring parts of the state border shows that Ukraine is involved in the process of combating illegal immigration and smuggling, on the one hand, and that it has not solved all its state-building problems, on the other. The delimitation of state borders (demarcation) with the other former Soviet republics has taken a long time for land borders and has not been completed for maritime borders. Today’s Ukraine, in the context of European integration, opens its borders to the West and minimizes its contacts with the East. The sharp deterioration in relations with Russia following the annexation of Crimea, Russia’s support for separatist entities in eastern Ukraine has led to the abandonment of cross-border cooperation between border regions, including for mechanisms as effective as Euroregions. The need to amend current Ukrainian legislation, to take into account the political and legal status of de facto borders is an important point at the moment. To achieve this objective, it is necessary not only to draw on the experience of the functioning of the State border with Moldova in its section not controlled by the Moldovan government but also to develop new approaches to facilitate the lives of displaced persons, legalize their legal status and facilitate the crossing of the line of demarcation.

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PALMER, MONTE. "SCOTT PEGG, International Society and the De Facto State (Aldershot, U.K.: Ashgate Publishers, 1988)." International Journal of Middle East Studies 33, no. 3 (August 2001): 469–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743801323061.

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The objective of Scott Pegg's book is to examine the role of the de facto state in the international system. The book begins with a description of quasi-states, entities defined as ineffective states that possess internationally recognized sovereignty as indicated by membership in the United Nations. The de facto state, by contrast, is a political movement that possesses substantial control over a specified territory and population but lacks recognition of its sovereignty by the international community. As expressed by Pegg, “The quasi-state is legitimate no matter how ineffective it is. . . . The de facto state, on the other hand, is a functioning reality that is denied legitimacy by the rest of international society” (p. 5).

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Gold, Steven D., and Sarah Ritchie. "State Actions Affecting Cities and Counties, 1990-1993: De Facto Federalism." Public Budgeting Finance 14, no. 2 (June 1994): 26–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1540-5850.01005.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "De facto state"

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Pegg, Scott McDonald. "On the margins : international society and the De facto state." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq25136.pdf.

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Harvey, James C. "Over-stating the unrecognised state? : reconsidering de facto independent entities in the international system." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/116412.

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This thesis reconsiders the theoretical and conceptual parameters of unrecognised entities and de facto independent territories which endure non-recognition and lack formal sovereignty in international law. These entities are traditionally assumed to represent “unrecognised states” and “de facto states” which endure in the international and interstate systems despite lacking legal recognition of their sovereignty. The following study examines anomalous conceptual features emerging from definitions, theories, frameworks, and discourses which situate these territorial entities alongside sovereign states in the international system. It challenges the equivalence with statehood which currently dominates mainstream thinking and assesses whether the concept of secession is still the most appropriate explanatory and causal dynamic in the emergence of unrecognised entities. The study engages with problematic areas of theoretical and conceptual discourse applied to unrecognised state-like entities. It examines how the case of Iraqi Kurdistan (as a de facto independent entity in the international system) deviates from long-standing assumptions on “unrecognised statehood” and existing conceptual frameworks designed for entities in different regional contexts. The discussion questions the appropriateness of using the unitary state as a theoretical reference point through which to understand ambiguous political systems of this type. The political and theoretical spaces occupied by these entities are examined not only in terms of international relations theory but also critical thinking on the production of power, ideology, and sovereignty. The discussion induces tensions into debates surrounding unrecognised states by arguing that it is inherently difficult to advance inquiry into unrecognised entities from a point of departure on sovereignty which is already embedded in state-centrism. The discussion examines how existing frameworks and approaches are open to critical revision and how the generalised assumptions of a small body of literature continue to circumscribe debates over unrecognised entities in academic analysis. The study frames the issue of de facto independent territories against a critical examination of approaches to sovereignty, secession, and the state. It also proposes an examination of these anomalous entities as Paretian systems – a theoretical perspective as yet unexplored within the field of study.

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Fridén, Dennis. "Från de facto till de jure : En komparativ studie mellan tre post-sovjetiska territoriers väg mot diplomatiskt erkännande." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kulturvetenskaper (KV), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-101028.

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Abstract – From de facto to de jure: A comparative study between three post-Soviet territories path towards diplomatic recognition The purpose of this essay has been to study how well three post-Soviet de facto states live up to the definition of the concepts of state and sovereignty. Basically, the focus has been to, with the help of an analysis scheme constructed specifically for this study, analyse the situation the three de facto states are currently in and then compare their situations to one another. With the study I want to show that the history of the de facto states, as well as their current legal status, carry with them differences and similarities that play a major role in their future. By analysing a number of scientific articles and other research material within the social science sphere, I have been able to compile a table that shows how well the case studies live up to the seven criteria of the state outlined by Martin Glassner in Political Geography (2004). The main result of the study has been that various historical and demographic circumstances in the three de facto states have distinguished them from one another during the more than three decades that have passed since the fall of the Soviet Union. However, this is in stark contrast to the strong ties they all have to a patron state, which in all cases is crucial to the legal state of limbo they are all currently residing in.

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Livingstone, Alma. "Unrecognized peace in unrecognized states : An analysis of the relation between post-war peaceand state processes in Nagorno Karabakh." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-175205.

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After the fall of the Soviet Union a number of violent ethnic disputes were concluded through the establishment of ceasefires but have yet to be finalized through peace accords. This development resulted in the creation of de facto states in a setting known as ‘frozen conflicts’. These de facto states have managed to endure decades of unrecognition, stuck in a situation of “no war, no peace” and constitutes today “effective” political entities. The post-war development in these frozen conflicts has continuously surprised academia, defying pessimistic prediction of their sustainability. Following the positive, hybridized peace etymology laid out by Oliver Richmond, this thesis aims at exploring the peace- and state processes that has occurred during the Nagorno Karabakh peace process in order to explain the ambiguous developments that have been going on despite the limbo-like state of unrecognition. The relation between external and internal processes is interrogated through a periodization of key events, and thereafter a comprehensive analysis of how the processes relate to each other over time. The thesis concludes that the strong presence of identity politics regarding the historical Nagorno Karabakh favors the often violent and protective state formation process but is at least partially controlled by the international attempts at peace building. Local formations of peace do not allow for a reintegration of Nagorno Karabakh into Azerbaijan, at least not without explicit and extensive security and autonomy guarantees. Likewise, the external processes of peace and state building does not allow for local agency from Nagorno Karabakh, as it is viewed through a negative ontology of peace. The processes does provide some rather successful developments, as the almost finalized Land swap deal and the Madrid principles, but lacks the momentum of conquering the dominance of perceived or actualized violent state formation processes.

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Sadoon, Hajar Bashir Kalari. "From foreign relation to foreign policy : transformation of the Kurdish de facto state into an independent foreign policy actor." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/32229.

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In 1991, following its defeat in the Second Gulf War and as a response to the international humanitarian protectionist umbrella provided to the three Kurdish-population governorates in Northern Iraq, the Government of Iraq (GOI) under Saddam Hussein centrally seceded from the area. The vacuum that ensued was soon filled by the leadership of the Iraqi Kurdistan Front (KNA) and soon a de facto state resurrected from the ashes of destruction besieging Iraqi Kurdistan for many decades. Hence, the precarious existence of what came to be known as the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI) in a highly challenging geopolitical environment and the strategic imperative of preserving the de facto independence of the entity forced the Kurdish leadership to give high priority to building foreign relations and pursuit of foreign policy. Foreign policy as a political activity is of paramount importance to all actors including sovereign states to preserve and promote their national interests. The practice of foreign policy, however, is particularly acute for de facto states. As internationally non-recognized entities, the international system of sovereign states is often skeptical if not hostile to engage in foreign relations with de facto states. Yet, projection of foreign policy and building foreign relations is extremely vital for the continued survival and consolidation of de facto states. By exploring the case of the KRI as a case of de facto statehood, this research argues that, mutatis mutandis, de facto states can pursue independent foreign policies. By identifying major transitions in the KRI, this thesis seeks to better explain foreign policy determinants, objectives and instruments of implementation of foreign policies of the KRI. In doing so, this thesis further seeks to contribute to the analysis of de facto statehood in general, and to contribute to the study of the KRI as the case of de facto statehood in the Middle East region.

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Aziz, Mahir Abdulwahid. "Ethno-nationalism in a de facto state : An investigation of national identity among university students in the Kurdistan region of Iraq." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.532016.

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Jakubec, Aleš. "Diplomatické a konzulární styky území se spornou mezinárodněprávní subjektivitou." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-193766.

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This thesis aims to analyze the issue of the creation of a state as the most important subject of the international relations, then the concept of international legal personality and especially the territories with controversial international legal personality. The thesis closely analyzes the emergence and recognition of the state and the right of peoples to self-determination in the contrast with the principle of territorial integrity. In the practical part, the case of Kosovo and Western Sahara is examined by a qualitative analysis. It describes the process of these entities becoming independent, the current situation and the diplomatic relations of both entities. It is outlined what Kosovo and Western Sahara are doing to improve their recognition as well as the reasons why some states recognize other entities and some other not. The thesis has a goal to unify the views on the issues of secession and recognition of newly created territories and to show a different approach to the process to independence of Kosovo and Western Sahara by the international community.

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Rustom, Khalid. "STEADY STATE AND DYNAMIC ANALYSIS AND OPTIMIZATION OF SINGLE-STAGE POWER FACTOR CORRECTION CONVERTERS." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2007. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2216.

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With the increased interest in applying Power Factor Correction (PFC) to off-line AC-DC converters, the field of integrated, single-stage PFC converter development has attracted wide attention. Considering the tens of millions of low-to-medium power supplies manufactured each year for today's rechargeable equipment, the expected reduction in cost by utilizing advanced technologies is significant. To date, only a few single-stage topologies have made it to the market due to the inherit limitations in this structure. The high voltage and current stresses on the components led to reduced efficiency and an increased failure rate. In addition, the component prices tend to increase with increased electrical and thermal requirements, jeopardizing the overarching goal of price reduction. The absence of dedicated control circuitry for each stage complicates the power balance in these converters, often resulting in an oversized bus capacitance. These factors have impeded widespread acceptance of these new techniques by manufacturers, and as such single stage PFC has remained largely a drawing board concept. This dissertation will present an in-depth study of innovative solutions that address these problems directly, rather than proposing more topologies with the same type of issues. The direct energy transfer concept is analyzed and presented as a promising solution for the majority of the single-stage PFC converter limitations. Three topologies are presented and analyzed based on this innovative structure. To complete the picture, the dynamics of a variety of single-stage converters can be analyzed using a proposed switched transformer model.
Ph.D.
School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Engineering and Computer Science
Electrical Engineering PhD

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Handschumacher, Konstantin. "In the light of the Crimean Crisis will International law have to accept that it is to the advantage of the citizens of Crimea that, in this case, the law of state succession applies De Facto in preference to that of occupied territory law?" Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20866.

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The Crimea Crisis didn't just influenced the political world, it also challenged the international law system. It is one of the major crisis after the Cold War where the relationship between western states and Russia were at a point of collapsing. After the fled of the former Russian president, the "Little Green Man" entered Crimea and took over the control over the territory. In the beginning Russia denied any connection to this rebel group, but according to the effecting control test, their action can be attributed to Russia. Therefore Russia used illegally force in Crimea. After holding a referendum, which didn't met the international standards, Crimea singed a treaty, which lead to the incorporation into the Russian Federation. Because of the link to the illegal use of force these actions violated international law. Crimea is therefore occupied territory and the law of occupation applies to the area. But because Russia considers the territory as part of the Russian Federation, it considers the law of state succession as the applicable law. When we compare the two legal systems in regards to the rights and citizenship, it can be concluded that none of the two legal systems are more beneficent for the inhabitants than the other. As a consequence one can hypothetical ask if there are legal arguments in international law, which can be put forward to underpin the assumption that for the benefit of the inhabitants the de jure legal system has to evade in favor for the de facto system. There are several possible legal arguments, but none of them is in the position to underpin the raised question. Even there are no legal arguments the current discussion in international has the possibility to strengthen the law of occupation.

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Liao, Dan. "Travel Motivations of Chinese Students in the United States: A Case Study of Chinese Students in Kent State University." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1351212333.

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Books on the topic "De facto state"

1

International society and the de facto state. Aldershot: Ashgate, 1998.

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Basten, Barbara. Zur Frage einer Konzernbildungskontrolle für Aktiengesellschaften als faktische Konzerntöchter. [Germany?: s.n., 1993.

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A fleeting moment in my country: The last years of the LTTE de-facto state. Atlanta, GA: Clear Day Books, 2012.

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De facto federalism in China: Reforms and dynamics of central-local relations. Singapore: World Scientific, 2007.

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McSwain, Eleanor Davis. Myrick Davies, Esq., president of the Executive Council and de facto governor of the state of Georgia, 1781. Macon, Ga. (1164 S. Jackson Spring Road, Macon 31211): E.D. McSwain, 1986.

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R, Sell Kathleen, ed. The true genius of America at risk: Are we losing our public universities to de facto privatization? Westport, Conn: Praeger, 2006.

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Status and (human rights) obligations of non-recognized de facto regimes in international law: The case of 'Somaliland' : the resurrection of Somaliland against all international 'odds' : state collapse, secession, non-recognition, and human rights. Leiden: M. Nijhoff, 2004.

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State facts. Vero Beach, FL: Rourke Press, 1999.

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Baker, Susan P. Childhood injury: State-by-state mortality facts. Baltimore, Md: Johns Hopkins Injury Prevention Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, 1989.

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Obama administration's de facto moratorium in the Gulf: State, community, and economic impacts : oversight hearing before the Committee on Natural Resources, U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred Twelfth Congress, first session, Wednesday, March 16, 2011. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2011.

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Book chapters on the topic "De facto state"

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Kopeček, Vincenc. "Inside a de facto state." In De Facto States in Eurasia, 225–46. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019. |: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429244049-16.

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Gürbey, Gülistan, Sabine Hofmann, and Ferhad Ibrahim Seyder. "Introduction: Conceptualizing De Facto Statehood of Kurdistan-Iraq and Palestine." In Between State and Non-State, 1–21. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-60181-0_1.

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Daase, Cindy. "Abchasien, Süd-Ossetien und Transnistrien – de facto-(Klein-)Staaten im postsowjetischen Raum." In State Size Matters, 219–49. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-07725-9_11.

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Tabachnik, Maxim. "Abkhazia: A View from a de Facto State." In Citizenship, Territoriality, and Post-Soviet Nationhood, 243–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12882-1_9.

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Brooks, Jeffrey, and Georgiy Chernyavskiy. "The Sick Leader: De Facto Removal from Power." In Lenin and the Making of the Soviet State, 150–61. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-06161-4_5.

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Richani, Sarah El. "The Lebanese Broadcasting System: A Battle between Political Parallelism, Commercialization and De-facto Liberalism." In National Broadcasting and State Policy in Arab Countries, 69–82. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137301932_6.

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Kudryashova, Irina. "Secession and de facto state-building as a tool for managing ethno-cultural diversity." In Transitions in Post-Soviet Eurasia, 103–13. London: Routledge India, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003193418-7.

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Diab, Nader I. "Targeting Members of Non-State Armed Groups in NIACs: An Attempt to Reconcile International Human Rights Law with IHL’s (De Facto) Status-Based Targeting." In International Humanitarian Law and Non-State Actors, 321–49. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-339-9_12.

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Khai, Khen Suan. "De facto State Religion as a Threat to Freedom of Religion and Belief: Case Study of Ethnic Chin Christians in Burma/Myanmar." In Rights and Security in India, Myanmar, and Thailand, 47–59. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1439-5_4.

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Cook, Chris, and John Paxton. "Heads of State." In European Political Facts 1918–90, 26–44. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12247-9_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "De facto state"

1

Warman, David J., Nicholas J. Gruzdowich, Harold E. Kleeman, Sean C. Boardman, and Ugochukwu N. Duruike. "De Facto Hydrostatic Test Pressures: A Study in Double Stroking." In 2016 11th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2016-64363.

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The pipeline industry has traditionally utilized the double stroke method to limit pipe yielding during pressure testing. Yet few case studies are available which indicate the actual state of stress in a pipeline segment where the pressure — volume plot indicates that the double stroke point has been reached. Examination of a typical stress-strain curve of pipeline steel indicates that the double stroke point typically occurs midway between the elastic limit and the defined yield strength and that the elastic limit can occur at 80% of the defined yield stress. The purpose of this paper is to develop a model to better understand the actual stresses a pipeline experiences during a hydrostatic test. For analysis, the double stroke point is used as the test case, which results in insights about the actual stresses seen on the pipeline and an understanding about what double stroking actually means. The double stroke point was chosen for analysis since it is commonly used as a ceiling on hydrostatic test pressure and, although literature provides clarity on its definition, few experiments and tests have been performed to gain a practical understanding of its affect on a pipeline. Analysis was done on a real world example and the results were compared to a Monte Carlo simulation to model the sensitivity of the various parameters. The results of the real world test case of known pipe attributes indicated that the strains in all pipe joints would stay below 0.5% at the double stroke point. When a Monte Carlo simulation was applied to the pipe variables of the same test section, 0.5% strain was exceeded on several outlying joints, but in those cases the hoop stress utilizing Barlow’s equation was in-excess of 125% SMYS. The analysis in this paper provides a tool for predicting the range of actual stresses the pipeline is experiencing when hydrostatically tested, and in doing so, also provides a firmer grasp on what double stroking actually means for a pipeline.

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Kochemazov, S. "Analysis of comparative effectiveness of state-of-the-art heuristics for CDCL SAT solvers." In 1st International Workshop on Advanced Information and Computation Technologies and Systems 2020. Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47350/aicts.2020.11.

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The Conflict-Driven Clause Learning algorithms for solving the Boolean satisfiability problem comprise the major part of the methods used to solve various instances of the problems that arise in industry and science. In recent years there have been proposed several major heuristics for these algorithms which are assumed to be de facto good for the solvers’ performance over diverse sets of benchmarks. The goal of this paper is to evaluate the contribution of each separate heuristic to the performance of a state-of-the-art solver, see the extent to which they are beneficial, and figure out if the heuristics have any particular features that need to be taken into account.

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Hamilton, Benjamin W., Sama Hussein, O. Remus Tutunea-Fatan, and Evgueni V. Bordatchev. "Fabrication of Right Triangular Prism Retroreflectors Through Ultraprecise Single Point Inverted Cutting." In ASME 2016 11th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2016-8857.

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Retroreflectors (RR) represent optical elements whose primary functionality is to return to the incident light back to its originating source. While inverted cube-corner (ICC) geometry constitutes de facto standard in automotive lighting applications, other RR designs exist. Among them, right triangular prism (RTP) constitutes a viable alternative and therefore, the main intention of the present study was to demonstrate a fabrication means other than the ineffective conventional pin-bundling technology are possible. To address this, a new ultraprecise single point inverted cutting (SPIC) technology — envisioned as a virtual combination between diamond turning and five-axis machining — was introduced as a viable manufacturing option for the fabrication of the RTP RR arrays. While simulation results seem to suggest a slight optical superiority of the RTP RR arrays produced through conventional, rather than SPIC approaches, experimental results have demonstrated that fabricating RTP RR prototypes is not only possible, but it can yield better retroreflective efficiencies when compared to state-of-the-art ICC-based automotive retroreflectors.

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Islam, Md, and Christian Rothenberg. "HAS Based Empirical QoE Study over TCP and QUIC on Diverse Networks." In Workshop Pré-IETF. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/wpietf.2020.13794.

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HTTP adaptive streaming (HAS) is the de-facto standard for video services over the Internet delivering increased Quality of Experience (QoE) as a function of the network status. Such adaptive streaming atop HTTP relies predominantly on TCP as the reliable transport protocol. Recently, QUIC, an alternative of TCP transport, has emerged to overcome TCP’s native shortcomings and improve the HTTP-based applications QoE. This paper investigates three strategies (Rate, Buffer, and Hybrid) based adaptive bitrate streaming (ABS) algorithms behavioral performance over the traditional TCP and QUIC transport protocol. For this purpose, we experimentally evaluate different cellular network traces in a high-fidelity emulated testbed and compare the performance of ABS algorithms considering QoE metrics over TCP and QUIC. Our empirical results show that each ABS algorithm’s (Conventional, BBA, and Arbiter) QoE performance is biased for TCP. As a result, QUIC suffers the ineffectiveness of traditional state-of-art ABS algorithms to improve video streaming performance without specific changes.

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Chadwick, K. Dana. "Exploring State Factor Landscapes." In Goldschmidt2020. Geochemical Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2020.349.

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Huang, Liang, Jiefan Qiu, and Li Ping Qian. "State transition factor of three-state Markov channels." In 2016 International Conference on Computing, Networking and Communications (ICNC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccnc.2016.7440575.

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Osage, David A., Brian Macejko, and Robert G. Brown. "Proposed Modifications to API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 2007 Fitness-for-Service." In ASME 2014 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2014-28451.

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The first edition of API 579 Recommended Practice for Fitness-For-Service was published in 2000, and subsequently recognized as the de facto international fitness-for-Service standard in the refining and petrochemical industry. The second edition of this document, API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 Fitness-For-Service, was published in 2007 as a joint standard of the American Petroleum Institute (API) and the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). The second edition included fitness-for-service assessment procedures applicable to other industries including fossil utility and pulp and paper. Work on the third edition of API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 has begun with many planned technical improvements to further address industry needs. These improvements include the edition of a new part on fatigue evaluation, updates to the assessment procedures for crack-like flaws and remaining life assessments for components operating at elevated temperatures, and a rewrite of residual stress solutions for use in the evaluation of crack-like flaws based on the latest state-of-the-art approaches. In addition, the third edition will be reorganized where by technical information currently placed in separate annexes that currently appear after all of the parts will be re-deployed as annexes to specific parts with a similar topic. This new organization will facilitate use and also simplify future updates to the document. An overview of proposed improvements to fitness-for-service technologies is provided along with a description of the new organization of API 579-1/ASME FFS-1.

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Urazaeva, L. U., and N. N. Datsun. "Biogas Production: Current State and Mathematical Modelling." In 2018 IEEE International Conference "Management of Municipal Waste as an Important Factor of Sustainable Urban Development" (WASTE). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/waste.2018.8554129.

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Chen, Zhuqiu, Yuxi Ruan, Bairun Nie, Yanguang Yu, Qinghua Guo, Jiangtao Xi, and Jun Tong. "Measuring Linewidth Enhancement Factor by Laser Dynamics." In Advanced Solid State Lasers. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/assl.2019.jm5a.53.

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Stahlhut, Chris. "Interactive Evidence Detection: train state-of-the-art model out-of-domain or simple model interactively?" In Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Fact Extraction and VERification (FEVER). Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/d19-6613.

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Reports on the topic "De facto state"

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Bonner Cozad, Aisha. AARP Research Consumer Fraud State Fact Sheets. AARP Research, August 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.26419/res.00171.000.

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Houghton, Angela. 50+ Multicultural Population State Fact Sheets, 2017. AARP Research, September 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.26419/res.00054.000.

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Houghton, Angela, and Kadeem Thorpe. 50+ Multicultural Population State Fact Sheets, 2017: Arizona. AARP Research, September 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.26419/res.00054.001.

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Houghton, Angela, and Kadeem Thorpe. 50+ Multicultural Population State Fact Sheets, 2017: California. AARP Research, September 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.26419/res.00054.002.

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Houghton, Angela, and Kadeem Thorpe. 50+ Multicultural Population State Fact Sheets, 2017: Florida. AARP Research, September 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.26419/res.00054.003.

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Houghton, Angela, and Kadeem Thorpe. 50+ Multicultural Population State Fact Sheets, 2017: Georgia. AARP Research, September 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.26419/res.00054.004.

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Houghton, Angela, and Kadeem Thorpe. 50+ Multicultural Population State Fact Sheets, 2017: Illinois. AARP Research, September 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.26419/res.00054.005.

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Houghton, Angela, and Kadeem Thorpe. 50+ Multicultural Population State Fact Sheets, 2017: Michigan. AARP Research, September 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.26419/res.00054.007.

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Houghton, Angela, and Kadeem Thorpe. 50+ Multicultural Population State Fact Sheets, 2017: Missouri. AARP Research, September 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.26419/res.00054.008.

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Houghton, Angela, and Kadeem Thorpe. 50+ Multicultural Population State Fact Sheets, 2017: Colorado. AARP Research, September 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.26419/res.00054.022.

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