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Journal articles on the topic 'De youngest children'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Baum, Charles L., and James D. Rodgers. "Maternal Household Services and Children." Journal of Forensic Economics 27, no. 1 (2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5085/405.1.

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Abstract Forensic economists in wrongful death cases are often asked to calculate the present value of household services a decedent otherwise would have provided. In this paper, we calculate the amount of time mothers allocate to provide household services on average by the age of the youngest child and by the number of children using 2003-2013 American Time Use Survey (ATUS) data. We separately examine household production and time caring and helping others. Our results show that mothers with younger children and more children generally allocate more time for household services. However, whi

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2

Phillips, Deborah, and Gina Adams. "Child Care and Our Youngest Children." Future of Children 11, no. 1 (2001): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1602808.

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Rutanen, Niina. "Space for toddlers in the guidelines and curricula for early childhood education and care in Finland." Childhood 18, no. 4 (2011): 526–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0907568211399366.

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In Finland, the policies and practices in early childhood education and care (ECEC) have been characterized by a division into practices and forms of care for children under and over 3 years old. This study analyses the construction of space in the national and local level curricula for the very youngest children. These documents both present ‘child’s best interests’ as age-related, and generalize and distinguish the needs and abilities of the ‘younger’ and the ‘older’ children. At the local level, the space offered for the youngest children is linked to the emphasis on the daycare group as a

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4

Sherer, Ilana. "Social Transition: Supporting Our Youngest Transgender Children." Pediatrics 137, no. 3 (2016): e20154358. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2015-4358.

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Cook, Alan, David Hosmer, Laurent Glance, et al. "Population-Based Analysis of Firearm Injuries among Young Children in the United States, 2010–2015." American Surgeon 85, no. 5 (2019): 449–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313481908500518.

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Firearm violence in the United States knows no age limit. This study compares the survival of children younger than five years to children and adolescents of age 5–19 years who presented to an ED for gunshot wounds (GSWs) in the United States to test the hypothesis of higher GSW mortality in very young children. A study of GSW patients aged 19 years and younger who survived to reach medical care was performed using the Nationwide ED Sample for 2010–2015. Hospital survival and incidence of fatal and nonfatal GSWs in the United States were the study outcomes. A multilevel logistic regression mod

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van der Waarden, Natalie. "Regulating for Australia's Youngest Workers." Children Australia 38, no. 2 (2013): 76–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cha.2013.7.

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Child labour is a phrase associated with exploitation, poverty, insufficient education and various forms of physical abuse. These connotations do not match Australian perceptions about the employment of children and are not correlated with mainstream dialogue on teenagers in part time and casual employment. Child employment is an accepted part of Australian society, with older children making up a significant portion of the workforce. Minimum standards are increasingly regarded a critical safeguard for young Australians at work, evidenced by recent state level statutory amendment and enactment

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7

Lawyers Committee for Human Rights. "The War against Children: South Africa's Youngest Victims." Human Rights Quarterly 9, no. 1 (1987): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/761954.

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8

Tamburrini, Joan, and Tricia David. "Educational Provision for Our Youngest Children. European Perspectives." British Journal of Educational Studies 42, no. 2 (1994): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3122351.

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9

Hasman, Andreas, Grainne Moloney, and Victor Aguayo. "Regular vitamin A supplementation: prioritizing the youngest children." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 114, no. 1 (2021): 390–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqab179.

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10

Keyfitz, Nathan. "Starting Points: Meeting the Needs of Our Youngest Children." Population and Development Review 20, no. 3 (1994): 664. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2137611.

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Randolph, Adrienne G. "The Tremendous Burden of Sepsis on China’s Youngest Children*." Pediatric Critical Care Medicine 15, no. 9 (2014): 896–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/pcc.0000000000000283.

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12

Neuspiel, Daniel R. "Starting Points: Meeting the Needs of Our Youngest Children." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 272, no. 16 (1994): 1301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1994.03520160093052.

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13

Rhodes, Holly, and Aletha Huston. "Building the Workforce Our Youngest Children Deserve and commentaries." Social Policy Report 26, no. 1 (2012): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2379-3988.2012.tb00070.x.

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14

Donnelly, Philomena. "Book Review: Birth to Three: Supporting Our Youngest Children." Journal of Early Childhood Research 3, no. 2 (2005): 222–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1476718x0500300208.

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15

Hladíková, Katarína, and Lucie Vélová. "Narodiť sa nestačí. Percepcia najmenších detí v antike v kontexte vybraných písomných a archeologických prameňov." Musaica Archaeologica 5, no. 1 (2020): 29–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.46283/musarch.2020.1.03.

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The paper deals with the issue of perception of the youngest children in ancient society in the context of selected written and archaeological sources in the wider territory of ancient Greece and the Roman Empire. The nature of historical sources and their fragmentation greatly complicate their interpretation. In this respect, archaeological sources also do not offer a clear answer as they show a high variability in the treatment of the remains of the youngest children. Nevertheless, the paper seeks to oppose the entirely negative perception of children widespread in the scientific literature

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Ozaki, Hayao, Takashi Abe, Scott J. Dankel, et al. "The Measurement of Strength in Children: Is the Peak Value Truly Maximal?" Children 8, no. 1 (2020): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8010009.

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It is unclear whether the measurement of maximum muscle strength in younger children can be performed accurately due to factors such as motivation and maturity (i.e., the ability to receive instruction). If there is a large change in a ratio between muscular strength and size from the youngest to the oldest, then this might provide some indication that the youngest may not have been able to voluntarily activate their muscles for reasons mentioned previously. The purpose of this study was to observe the ratio between handgrip strength (HGS) and forearm muscle thickness (MT) across differing age

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Zola, Nilma, Asmidir Ilyas, and Yusri Yusri. "Karakteristik Anak Bungsu." Jurnal Konseling dan Pendidikan 5, no. 3 (2017): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.29210/120100.

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Each child in the birth order has advantages and disadvantages, but the most often attracts attention in the family is the youngest child. The phenomenon found in the presence of younger children who lack the motivation of achievement, less independent, likes to seek the attention of others, and difficult to adapt in new environment and lack of willingness in taking responsibility. The type of this research is descriptive quantitative. Research subjects of all youngest children at Junior High School totaling 107 people. The results reveal that, (1) independence is generally in the category of

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Schieman, Scott, Philip J. Badawy, Melissa A. Milkie, and Alex Bierman. "Work-Life Conflict During the COVID-19 Pandemic." Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World 7 (January 2021): 237802312098285. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2378023120982856.

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The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic upended work, family, and social life. These massive changes may have created shifts in exposure to work-life conflict. Using a national survey that followed Canadian workers from September 2019 into April and June 2020, the authors find that work-life conflict decreased among those with no children at home. In contrast, for those with children at home, the patterns depended on age of youngest child. Among individuals with children younger than 6 or between 6 and 12, no decreases in work-life conflict were observed. In contrast, those with teenagers did no

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Berlin, Donna F. "Tactile Stimulation and Interhemispheric Communication by Learning Disabled Children: An Exploratory Study." Perceptual and Motor Skills 60, no. 3 (1985): 731–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1985.60.3.731.

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33 right-handed, learning disabled children aged 8–10 yr., 11–13 yr., and 14–16 yr. were presented a tactile discrimination task. Pairs of fabrics of different or the same texture were presented to the same hand (uncrossed condition) or alternating hands (crossed condition). Analysis indicated that the total number of crossed errors was significantly greater for the youngest children. There were no significant differences between the groups for the uncrossed condition. These results suggest that younger learning disabled children may experience greater difficulty on a task which required inter

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Singla, Sushil, Mohitesh Kumar, and Yaswanth C. Raavi. "Multisystem inflammatory syndrome-neonate: youngest COVID survivor." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 8, no. 9 (2021): 1615. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20213330.

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The novel corona virus disease (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a global public health concern, primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets; though other routes of transmission are documented but not been fully demonstrated. At risk included all age groups, somehow for reasons unknown infants and children appears to be at a lower risk of severe infection, but recently children with hyper inflammatory syndrome and multi-organ dysfunction associated with COVID-19 have been increasingly reported. We report a case of 31-week neonate o

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Allen, Prudence, and Frederic Wightman. "Spectral Pattern Discrimination by Children." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 35, no. 1 (1992): 222–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3501.222.

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This research measured the ability of 47 children, aged 4– 9 years, to use spectral shape cues to discriminate among random-intensity sounds. The children were tested in forced-choice paradigms that were embedded in a video game format. Two classes of sounds were studied: tonal complexes with sinusoidally rippled amplitude spectra, and synthetic speech sounds (isolated vowels and consonants). The discriminability of the sounds was measured both in quiet and in a background of wide-band noise. Although the intersubject variability in performance was high, especially among the youngest children,

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Koppel, Sjaan, Sujanie Peiris, Mohammed Aburumman, Chernyse W. R. Wong, Justin M. Owens, and Katie N. Womack. "What Are the Restraint Practices, Preferences, and Experiences When Australian Parents Travel with Their Children in a Rideshare Vehicle?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 17 (2021): 8928. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18178928.

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This study aimed to explore the preferences, experiences and restraint practices of Australian parents travelling with their children in rideshare vehicles. Six hundred and thirty-one participants completed an online survey (M = 39.2 years, SD = 10.5, Range = 18.0–70.0 years; Female: 63.4%). Most participants (59.1%) reported that they had not travelled in a rideshare vehicle with their youngest child (M = 7.2 years, SD = 5.2, Range = 0.0–17.0 years; Male: 54.2%). Participants who reported that they have travelled with their youngest child in a rideshare vehicle tended to: be younger, identify

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23

Stea, David. "Jim Blaut's Youngest Mappers: Children's Geography and the Geography of Children." Antipode 37, no. 5 (2005): 990–1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0066-4812.2005.00547.x.

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Bradley-Johnson, Sharon. "Cognitive Assessment for the Youngest Children: A Critical Review of Tests." Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment 19, no. 1 (2001): 19–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/073428290101900102.

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25

Stewart, D. A., and C. J. Coombs. "SUCCESSFUL REPLANTATION OF A FINGER IN AN 8-MONTH OLD CHILD." Hand Surgery 18, no. 03 (2013): 421–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218810413720295.

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A successful replantation of an index fingertip in an 8-month old girl is reported. A literature review of replants in very young children suggests this is one of the youngest patients ever to undergo digital replantation and possibly the youngest finger replant performed.

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26

Lech, Grzegorz, Janusz Jaworski, Michał Żak, Katarzyna Szczepanik, and Ewelina Kołodziej. "Assessment of Body Mass and Fat Percentage in Children Training Judo Compared to Their Non-training Peers." Journal of Kinesiology and Exercise Sciences 30, no. 92 (2020): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.8206.

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Study aim: Judo training leads to an increase in the muscle mass of athletes. The consequence of this is a high level of body mass index (BMI). At the same time, the body’s fat percentage is reduced. This phenomenon has been well-described in older age groups. However, body build and composition parameters of the youngest judokas are still unclear. The aim of the study was to answer the following questions: Do the training and recruitment of athletes influence body build and composition in the studied groups? Are BMI and body fat percentage differentiated between children and younger children?

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Malloy, Thomas E., Linda Albright, and Stan Scarpati. "Awareness of peers' judgments of oneself: Accuracy and process of metaperception." International Journal of Behavioral Development 31, no. 6 (2007): 603–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025407080590.

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This research focused on children's awareness of peers' social judgments of them, age differences in accuracy attained, and the process by which accuracy is achieved. Children were accurately aware of peers' perceptions of them on behavioral, social status, and ability dimensions in Grades 1 through 6. Older children were more accurate than younger children, yet even the youngest children were able to accurately infer peers' judgments of them. In terms of process, the best fitting model suggested that academic ability affects both self and others' (i.e., teacher and peers') perceptions, and th

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Honegger Fresco, Grazia. "The “Cosmic” Task of the Youngest Children – Direct, Anticipate or Respect? Experiences Working with Small Children." Journal of Montessori Research & Education 2, no. 1 (2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.16993/jmre.10.

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29

Hirschfeld, H., and H. Forssberg. "Development of anticipatory postural adjustments during locomotion in children." Journal of Neurophysiology 68, no. 2 (1992): 542–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1992.68.2.542.

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1. Anticipatory postural adjustments were studied in children (6-14 yr of age) walking on a treadmill while pulling a handle. Electromyographs (EMGs) and movements were recorded from the left arm and leg. 2. Postural activity in the leg muscles preceded voluntary arm muscle activity in all age groups, including the youngest children (6 yr of age). The latency to both leg and arm muscle activity, from a triggering audio signal, decreased with age. 3. In older children the latency to both voluntary and postural activity was influenced by the phase of the step cycle. The shortest latency to the f

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Fox, Robert Allen, and Shawn L. Nissen. "Sex-Related Acoustic Changes in Voiceless English Fricatives." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 48, no. 4 (2005): 753–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2005/052).

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This investigation is a comprehensive acoustic study of 4 voiceless fricatives (/f θ s ∫/) in English produced by adults and pre- and postpubescent children aged 6–14 years. Vowel duration, amplitude, and several different spectral measures (including spectral tilt and spectral moments) were examined. Of specific interest was the pattern of normal development of the acoustic properties of fricatives and the nature of sex-specific patterns of fricative articulation in prepubescent children. Little evidence of amplitude or duration differences was found between speakers that was related to sex o

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Lambertz, Daniel, Isabelle Mora, Jean-Francois Grosset, and Chantal Pérot. "Evaluation of musculotendinous stiffness in prepubertal children and adults, taking into account muscle activity." Journal of Applied Physiology 95, no. 1 (2003): 64–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00885.2002.

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Musculotendinous (MT) stiffness of the triceps surae (TS) muscle group was quantified in 28 prepubertal children (7–10 yr) by using quick-release movements at different levels of submaximal contractions. Surface electromyograms (EMG) of each part of the TS and of the tibialis anterior were also recorded. A stiffness index, defined as the slope of the angular stiffness-torque relationship (SIMT-Torque), was used to quantify changes in MT stiffness with age. Results showed a significant decrease in SIMT-Torque with age, ranging from 4.02 ± 0.29 to 2.88 ± 0.31 rad-1 for the youngest to the oldest

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Lee, Seung Ryeol, Haeyoun Kang, Moon Hyung Kang, et al. "The Youngest Korean Case of Urachal Carcinoma." Case Reports in Urology 2015 (2015): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/707456.

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Urachal anomalies are relatively uncommon and result from incomplete obliteration of the urachus perinatally. In children, most urachal diseases including urachal cysts and sinuses are benign, and these can sometimes become secondarily infected. Malignant involvement of the urachus is rarely reported, one in 5 million people, accounting for 0.35% to 0.7% of all bladder cancers. There are only five cases of urachal cancer diagnosed at the age of twenties in English written literature. Age at the diagnosis of urachal carcinoma is important to understand pathogenetic transition from benign to mal

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Tkach, T. "EDUCATION OF THE YOUNGEST CHILDREN IN CONDITIONS SOCIAL, CULTURAL AND EDUCATIONAL CHANGES." Psychology and Personality, no. 1 (February 12, 2020): 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33989/2226-4078.2020.1.195218.

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Šestáková, Petra, and Radan Havlík. "Visual Reinforcement Audiometry (VRA): examination method of hearing in the youngest children." Listy klinické logopedie 4, no. 2 (2020): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.36833/lkl.2020.040.

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Schooley, Caroline. "Microscopy for Children." Microscopy Today 15, no. 6 (2007): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s155192950006199x.

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Is there's a child in your life? Are you thinking about giving a microscope this holiday season? DO IT! But please think carefully about what you buy. You’re reading Microscopy Today, so you use some sort of microscope professionally; you may be tempted to give the youngster a lab-quality hand-me-down. DON’T! The complexities that you take for granted will only intimidate them. The youngest child will enjoy a magnifiying glass. I still remember the pocket-flashlight-style microscope that I had when I was young; I took it everywhere. After that, the best “first” microscope is a monocular dissec

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Aneiros, Belén, Indalecio Cano, Araceli García, Pedro Yuste, Eduardo Ferrero, and Andrés Gómez. "PEDIATRIC APPENDICITIS: AGE DOES MAKE A DIFFERENCE." Revista Paulista de Pediatria 37, no. 3 (2019): 318–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1984-0462/;2019;37;3;00019.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the influence of patient age on the diagnosis and management of appendicitis, as well as to evaluate the rate of complications according to the age group. Methods: We undertook a retrospective analysis of 1,736 children who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy in our center between January 2000 and December 2013. Patients were divided in groups taken into account their age: group A were infants, group B were preschoolers, group C were those ones older than five years old, and group D were those ones younger than five years old. A p value of 0.05 was considered

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Szubielska, Magdalena, Marta Ratomska, Marzena Wójtowicz, and Anna Szymańska. "The Effect of Educational Workshops in an Art Gallery on Children’s Evaluation and Interpretation of Contemporary Art." Empirical Studies of the Arts 38, no. 2 (2018): 135–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0276237418790917.

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Our experiment, conducted in an art gallery, was designed to investigate how educational classes, provided for children of different ages, affect their (a) esthetic judgment and (b) interpretation of contemporary art. We found that curator-led tours and art workshops affected the ratings given by the youngest children (aged 4–5 years), while interpretation was influenced by contextual cues only in the case of older children (aged 6–7 and 8–9 years). In addition, in the control condition (uncued exhibition tour), the oldest children (aged 8–9 years) rated the artworks higher than the youngest c

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Bryden, Jennifer. "Autistic and peudo-autistic traits in ongoing complex trauma." BJPsych Open 7, S1 (2021): S241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2021.644.

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AimsTo compare the neurodevelopmental profiles of Albanian street children to those predicted by the Coventry grid.BackgroundA street children's centre had requested help to meet children's emotional needs. No program exists for children experiencing ongoing complex trauma. With input from widely-experienced consultant psychiatrist and consultant psychologist, a very low-intensity program of coping skills was piloted. Extensive anonymised notes were taken as part of the piloting.The Coventry grid is a clinical tool comparing patterns of difficulties typically seen in autistic spectrum disorder

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Trautner, Hanns M., Arnold Lohaus, Winfried B. Sahm, and Nicole Helbing. "Age-graded Judgements of Children's Drawings by Children and Adults." International Journal of Behavioral Development 12, no. 4 (1989): 421–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016502548901200401.

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A study was conducted to explore the development of drawing abilities in children. One hundred and eighty-five children aged 5-10 years and 27 adults had to rank intra-individual series of man and woman drawings according to the age sequence in which they had been drawn. Of interest was whether the accuracy of the children's judgements would vary with the age level of the drawings to be judged. A further aim was to yield information on the cues children use in the ranking of drawings on an age-graded scale. The results showed that even the youngest children were able to judge the correct age s

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Reimelt, Charlotte, Nicole Wolff, Heike Hölling, et al. "Siblings and Birth Order—Are They Important for the Occurrence of ADHD?" Journal of Attention Disorders 25, no. 1 (2018): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087054718770020.

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Objective: The associations of birth order, number of siblings, and ADHD was examined. Method: The analysis based on representative, epidemiological data from the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS) study ( N = 13,488). Results: An increased risk for ADHD in firstborn versus youngest born children (odds ratio [OR] = 1.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.09, 1.58]) and also versus children with no sibling (OR = 1.31, 95% CI [1.03, 1.68]) was revealed, while number of siblings was not associated with ADHD. Results remained stable after controlling

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Karlstad, Øystein, Kari Furu, Camilla Stoltenberg, Siri E. Håberg, and Inger Johanne Bakken. "ADHD treatment and diagnosis in relation to children’s birth month: Nationwide cohort study from Norway." Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 45, no. 4 (2017): 343–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1403494817708080.

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Background: Studies from several countries have reported that children youngest in grade are at higher risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnosis and treatment. Norwegian children start school the year they turn six, making children born in December youngest in their grade. We used data on medication, specialist healthcare diagnoses, and primary healthcare diagnoses from national registers to investigate associations between birth month and ADHD. Methods: All children born in Norway between 1998 and 2006 ( N=509,827) were followed from age six until 31 December 2014. We

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Van Der Veken, P. J., P. A. R. Clement, Th Buisserett, B. Desprechinst, L. Kaufman, and M. P. Derde. "Age-Related CT-scan Study of the Incidence of Sinusitis in Children." American Journal of Rhinology 6, no. 2 (1992): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/105065892781874793.

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Because standard radiographies are not able to give exact information about the diseased state of the sinuses, 196 children with chronic nasal complaints, aged from 3 to 14 years were examined with computed tomographic scan. The aim of the study was to investigate whether an age-related pattern in the occurrence of rhinosinusitis in children could be found. The patient group was subdivided into six age groups (3 to 4, 5 to 6, 7 to 8, 9 to 10, 11 to 12, and 13 to 14 years). Especially younger children, until the age of 7 to 8 years seem to be prone to inflammatory changes of all their sinuses.

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Bălănescu, Olivia Eleonra. "When Children Look at Us." Gender Studies 18, no. 1 (2019): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/genst-2020-0004.

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Abstract “Hideous Kinky” presents the story of an English mother travelling in Morocco with her two daughters. As expected, this exotic journey is about the woman’s pursuit of spiritual enlightenment. Less expected, the story is narrated by her youngest daughter who constantly denies the story to the reader. Starting from the issue of unreliable homodiegetic narration, this paper proposes to analyse the effects of missing information in the text, and the reader’s subsequent responsibility for filling the gaps and disambiguating the story. As a method, the essay establishes connections between

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Kirkcaldy, B. D. "Work Attitudes and Birth Order." Perceptual and Motor Skills 74, no. 2 (1992): 542. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1992.74.2.542.

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Anthony, Tanni L. "Family Support and Early Intervention Services for the Youngest Children with Visual Impairments." Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness 108, no. 6 (2014): 514–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145482x1410800612.

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Joesch, Jutta M., Erin J. Maher, and Alesha Durfee. "Child care arrangements for toddlers and preschoolers: Are they different for youngest children?" Early Childhood Research Quarterly 21, no. 3 (2006): 253–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2006.07.001.

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Griffin, Lucas, and Dorothy Cilenti. "Learning from the Past to Shape the Future for North Carolina’s Youngest Children." North Carolina Medical Journal 82, no. 3 (2021): 208–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18043/ncm.82.3.208.

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Crofton, P. M. "Wheat-Germ Lectin Affinity Electrophoresis for Alkaline Phosphatase Isoforms in Children: Age-Dependent Reference Ranges and Changes in Liver and Bone Disease." Clinical Chemistry 38, no. 5 (1992): 663–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/38.5.663.

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Abstract This modified lectin affinity electrophoresis method is suitable for simultaneous measurement of liver, bone, and high-molecular-mass (high-Mr) isoforms of alkaline phosphatase (ALP; EC 3.1.3.1) in children. Age-related isoform reference ranges were derived for 247 children, ages 0-13 years. Liver ALP did not appear in plasma until after six months of age, and remained constant after one year of age. Bone ALP was highest in the youngest age group, and declined to relatively constant activities thereafter. High-MrALP was not detected in normal children. In bone disease, the bone isofor

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Webb, David K. H., Georgina Harrison, Richard F. Stevens, Brenda G. Gibson, Ian M. Hann, and Keith Wheatley. "Relationships between age at diagnosis, clinical features, and outcome of therapy in children treated in the Medical Research Council AML 10 and 12 trials for acute myeloid leukemia." Blood 98, no. 6 (2001): 1714–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v98.6.1714.

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Abstract Between May 1988 and June 2000, 698 children were treated in the Medical Research Council acute myeloid leukemia 10 and 12 trials. The presenting features and outcomes of therapy in these children were compared by age. Although there was no single cutoff in age, younger children were more likely to have intermediate risk and less likely to have favorable cytogenetics (P &lt; .001), and they had a higher incidence of translocations involving chromosome 11q23 (P &lt; .001). The distribution of French-American-British (FAB) types also varied with age; FAB types M5 (P &lt; .00

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Toulon, Pierre, Micheline Berruyer, Marie Brionne-François, et al. "Age dependency for coagulation parameters in paediatric populations." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 116, no. 07 (2016): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/th15-12-0964.

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SummaryUnderstanding of developmental haemostasis is critical to ensure optimal prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of haemorrhagic and thrombotic diseases in children. As coagulation test results are known to be dependent on the reagents/analysers used, it is recommended for each laboratory to define the age-dependent reference ranges by using its own technical condition. That study was carried out in seven centers to establish age-specific reference ranges using the same reagents and analyser. Plasma samples were obtained from 1437 paediatric patients from the following age groups: 15 days-

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