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Wurm, Susanne, Svenja Spuling, Ann-Kristin Reinhard, and Ulrike Ehrlich. "Prevalence of living wills among older adults in Germany." Journal of Health Monitoring 8, no. 3 (2023): 55–59. https://doi.org/10.25646/11665.
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Living wills regulate medical decisions in emergency situations. Those who create a living will can have it registered voluntarily in the Central Register of Lasting Powers of Attorney. Little is known about the general prevalence of living wills.Methods: The German Ageing Survey is an ongoing, population-representative study. 4,185 people aged 50 and older were surveyed about living wills in 2020/2021.Results: 44.8 % of people aged 50 and older have a living will, women more often than men (50.1 % vs. 39.2 %), older people more often than middle-aged people. Educational differences do not exist.Conclusions: Living wills increase the autonomy in medical emergency situations because the patient's wishes are specified in written form. People of all age groups should inform themselves about the significance of living wills and should seek advice about the contents, for example from the general practitioner or one's own health insurance.
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Wurm, Susanne, Svenja Spuling, Ann-Kristin Reinhard, and Ulrike Ehrlich. "Prevalence of living wills among older adults in Germany." Journal of Health Monitoring 8, no. 3 (2023): 55–59. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10057288.
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Living wills regulate medical decisions in emergency situations. Those who create a living will can have it registered voluntarily in the Central Register of Lasting Powers of Attorney. Little is known about the general prevalence of living wills.Methods: The German Ageing Survey is an ongoing, population-representative study. 4,185 people aged 50 and older were surveyed about living wills in 2020/2021.Results: 44.8 % of people aged 50 and older have a living will, women more often than men (50.1 % vs. 39.2 %), older people more often than middle-aged people. Educational differences do not exist.Conclusions: Living wills increase the autonomy in medical emergency situations because the patient's wishes are specified in written form. People of all age groups should inform themselves about the significance of living wills and should seek advice about the contents, for example from the general practitioner or one's own health insurance.
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Ehrlich, Ulrike, Nadiya Kelle, Daniela Klaus, and Katja Möhring. "How did the COVID-19 pandemic impact the wellbeing of family care-givers? A longitudinal study of older adults in Germany." Ageing & Society 44, no. 7 (2024): 1533–50. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X22000873.
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Previous research was not able to identify an effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on family care-givers' wellbeing due to cross-sectional data structures, care-giver-specific samples or non-probability sampling designs. In this article, by drawing on longitudinal data from a random and representative sample of the German population aged 40 and older, <strong>the German Ageing Survey (DEAS) 2017 and 2020/21</strong>, we overcome methodological limitations of previous research. We examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the wellbeing (life satisfaction, depressive symptoms, loneliness) of different groups of family care-givers (new care-givers, continuous care-givers, past care-givers) and non-care-givers in Germany. We derived a balanced sample of n = 3,875 individuals aged 43–97 (mean = 66.5 years, standard deviation = 10.2 years) from the German Ageing Survey (DEAS) to explore changes in wellbeing between 2017 (pre-pandemic) and June/July 2020 (pandemic). Using a first-difference approach, we found that the pandemic has a negative impact on both non-care-givers' and family care-givers' wellbeing, with increased levels of depressive symptoms and loneliness compared to pre-pandemic times. Changes in depressive symptoms of family care-givers did not significantly deviate from non-care-givers. However, continuous care-givers showed more pronounced increases in loneliness compared to non-care-givers. Our results suggest that family care-givers' wellbeing merits particular attention when considering the long-term consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on individuals' wellbeing.
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Bünning, Mareike, and Oliver Huxhold. "Grandchild care and grandparents' well-being in context: The impact of the covid-19 pandemic." Innovation in Aging, igae101 (November 2, 2024): 1–38. https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igae101.
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This study investigates whether the association between supplementary grandchild care and grandparents’ subjective well-being—measured as life satisfaction, perceived stress, and loneliness—is moderated by the contextual environment. We use the Covid-19 pandemic as an example for contextual differences. Drawing on role theory, we argue that the costs and benefits of grandparenting may have differed between pandemic and pre-pandemic times. On the one hand, providing grandchild care during the pandemic may have been particularly stressful, prompting more negative effects on well-being. On the other hand, grandchild care may have been particularly relevant for enhancing well-being, as it protected grandparents from social isolation. Moreover, the association between grandparenting and well-being may have differed by gender.Using unbalanced panel data from the German Ageing Survey (DEAS) 2014 (n = 3,619), 2017 (n = 2,458), and 2020 (n = 2,021), we applied maximum likelihood structural equation modeling (ML-SEM)—a method that combines dynamic panel modeling with fixed-effects analysis—to examine whether there were differences in the relationship between grandchild care and grandparents’ well-being when comparing pandemic and pre-pandemic times and by grandparents’ gender.Grandchild care was associated with lower loneliness for both grandmothers and grandfathers. For grandfathers, this association was even stronger during the pandemic. Grandmothers experienced higher life satisfaction when taking care of grandchildren during the pandemic, but there was no evidence that grandchild care increased perceived stress for either grandmothers or grandfathers.In line with role enhancement theory, this study highlights that supplementary grand child care can be beneficial for grandparents’ well-being. Moreover, the context in which grandchild care takes place shapes the costs and rewards associated with it. Our results suggest that supportive policies and programs facilitating grandchild care can enhance grandparents' well-being, especially in challenging contexts.
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Lawrence, ASA, and V. Preethi. "Learners' attitude towards ODL during COVID-19 crisis with special reference to Tamil Nadu Open University." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education 12, no. 7 (2025): 1564–73. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14811256.
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This descriptive survey intends to find out learners’ attitude towards Open and Distance Learning(ODL) during COVID-19 crisis. The population was the learners studying various programmes through ODLmode under various schools of studies in Tamil Nadu Open University, Chennai during the year 2020-2021. Asample of 1081 learners was selected by voluntary response sampling method and the data were collectedthrough online mode. A Distance Education Attitude Scale (DEAS) during COVID-19 Crisis developed andstandardized by Tzivinikou, Charitaki & Kagkara (2020) was used for assessing the level of learners’ attitudetowards open and distance learning during COVID-19 crisis. The collected data were statistically analyzed withpercentile analysis, mean, standard deviation, t-test, F-test, Tukey’s multiple comparison test in the SPSS v.21.The findings show that the Tamil Nadu Open University learners’ are having positive attitude towards open anddistance learning during COVID-19 crisis and there is no significant difference in the attitude of learnerstowards open and distance learning during COVID-19 crisis in terms gender, locality, programme of study,subject of the programme and employment status.
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Hajek, André, and Hans-Helmut König. "Perceived ageism and psychosocial outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic." Archives of Public Health 82, no. 1 (2024): 69. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-024-01297-2.
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In light of the existing knowledge gap in this research area (particularly based on representative samples and research conducted during the pandemic), the objective of this study was to explore the association between perceived ageism and psychosocial outcomes (i.e., in terms of life satisfaction, loneliness, social isolation, aging satisfaction and depressive symptoms) among middle-aged and older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic based on nationally representative data.
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Wurm, Susanne, Ulrike Ehrlich, Frauke Meyer-Wyk, and Svenja Spuling. "Prevalence of loneliness among older adults in Germany." Journal of Health Monitoring 8, no. 3 (2023): 49–53. https://doi.org/10.25646/11664.
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Loneliness refers to the subjective perception of a mismatch between a person's social needs and their actual personal relationships. In this paper, the prevalence of loneliness in the older population was examined based on current data.Methods: The German Ageing Survey is an ongoing, population-representative study. A total of 4,261 people 50 years of age and older were surveyed in 2020/2021 with regard to their experience of loneliness.Results: Overall, 8.3 % of the population 50 years of age and older feel lonely. The findings showed no differences between different age groups over 50 years of age, nor are there gender or educational differences.Conclusions: There was no evidence that older individuals living in private households experience loneliness more commonly than middle-aged individuals. Data from nursing home residents indicate that there may be a higher risk of loneliness.
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Wurm, Susanne, Ulrike Ehrlich, Frauke Meyer-Wyk, and Svenja Spuling. "Prevalence of loneliness among older adults in Germany." Journal of Health Monitoring 8, no. 3 (2023): 49–53. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10057333.
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Loneliness refers to the subjective perception of a mismatch between a person's social needs and their actual personal relationships. In this paper, the prevalence of loneliness in the older population was examined based on current data.Methods: The German Ageing Survey is an ongoing, population-representative study. A total of 4,261 people 50 years of age and older were surveyed in 2020/2021 with regard to their experience of loneliness.Results: Overall, 8.3 % of the population 50 years of age and older feel lonely. The findings showed no differences between different age groups over 50 years of age, nor are there gender or educational differences.Conclusions: There was no evidence that older individuals living in private households experience loneliness more commonly than middle-aged individuals. Data from nursing home residents indicate that there may be a higher risk of loneliness
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Hajek, André, Katharina Grupp, Ghazal Aarabi, et al. "Long-term care need, loneliness, and perceived social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from the German Ageing Survey." Aging Clinical and Experimental Research 35, no. 6 (2023): 1377–84. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-023-02411-0.
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O’Daly, Cormac, Virginia Del Pozo, Su Şimşek, Anastasiia Zeleniuk, and Marine Montejo. "A review of 2021 and 2022 EU merger control." Competition Law & Policy Debate 8, no. 2 (2023): 101–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/clpd.2023.0005.
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This article covers key developments in EU merger control in 2021 and 2022. These include the publication of the EC’s Guidance on the Article 22 EUMR referral mechanism and the developments in the Illumina/GRAIL case. There were also important CJEU judgments, including on competitive assessment of transactions by the EC as well as breaches of the standstill obligations by the merger parties. In 2021 and 2022, the EC adopted six Phase II conditional merger clearances, most of which were based on structural, rather than behavioural, remedies. The EC also prohibited two transactions, and a number of deals were abandoned in particular because of issues identified by the EC. Other main developments include the EC’s decision on Hungary’s violation of Article 21 EUMR as well the publication of the draft revised Market Definition Notice.
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Uddin, Rianna, Lukkamol Prapkree, Jafar Ali Ajaj Jaafar, and Cristina Palacios. "Disordered Eating Attitudes, Demographics, and Snack Patterns in Overweight and Obese US College Students." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (2021): 460. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab038_072.
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Abstract Objectives An unhealthy snack pattern may impact a person's overall health and quality of life. College students are at risk for disordered eating attitudes (DEA) due the elevated mental and physical demands of higher education. This could lead to a greater snack intake that could replace meals. DEA could also be influenced by demographics. Our objective was to evaluate the association between DEA, snack patterns, stress level, and demographics. Methods We analyzed the baseline data from the Snackability Trial, a trial among overweight and obese students from US colleges to test the effects of using the Snackability app to choose healthier snacks compared to controls (no access to the app). Students are being recruited using flyers sent via email by college professors/staff and social media since June 2020. Participants completed questionnaires at baseline (before randomization) on demographics (age, gender, race, ethnicity, income), snack eating patterns, stress level (scale from 1–10 with 10 being the most stressed), and DEA Score (a validated score assessing eating attitudes with 25 questions related to perceptions of food; higher DEA scores indicate higher DEA with the minimum possible score of 37 and maximum of 190). Descriptive statistics included frequency and mean/standard deviation of all variables. ANOVA and Pearson Correlations were used to evaluate the associations between variables. Results A total of 135 have completed thus far all baseline questionnaires. The average age was 21.5 ± 2.01 years, most students were female (83.7%), Hispanic/Latino (52.6%), and with a household income of &lt;$50,000 (60.0%). Average DEAS was 90.4 ± 19.1, daily snack intake was 2.33 ± 1.08, and stress score was 6.78 ± 1.97. DEAS score was not associated with demographic variables or snack intake, but there was a significant correlation between DEAS and stress level (r = 0.3; P &lt; 0.001). Conclusions Students who have a higher level of stress are more likely to have DEA. Disordered eating is an umbrella of irregular eating behaviors that may or may not warrant a diagnosis of a specific eating disorder. Based on these findings, universities may need to develop interventions for college students to manage stress as well as promoting awareness and programs for students with high levels of disordered eating. Funding Sources Internal funds from Florida International University.
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Trogu, Tiziana, Silvia Bellini, Sabrina Canziani, et al. "Surveillance for Avian Influenza in Wild Birds in the Lombardy Region (Italy) in the Period 2022–2024." Viruses 16, no. 11 (2024): 1668. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v16111668.
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Influenza A virus (AIV) circulation was investigated in the Lombardy region, during 2022–2024, in wild ducks (through hunting and sampling of faecal samples within natural parks) and wild birds found dead. Samples were analysed through real-time RT-PCRs for Influenza A virus, H5 and H7. Whole genome sequencing was performed on AIV-positive samples. Screening of 3497 hunted Anatidae revealed a total of 184 positive samples. Complete sequencing of 136 samples highlighted the presence of 21 different subtypes ranging from H1N1 to H12N5. The H5N1 HPAIV (high pathogenic AIV) subtype, clade 2.3.4.4b, was the most common during the 2022–2023 winter season (31.8%), while H5 LPAI (low pathogenic AIV) strains were the most prevalent (28.6%) in the 2023–2024 season. The molecular survey on wild birds found dead (n = 481) showed two positive buzzards (14%, 2/14), one grey heron (5.5%, 1/18) and one kestrel (7.6%, 1/13). Regarding the order of Charadriiformes, the dead gulls sampled in 2022 (17 birds) were all negative, whereas 85 out of 167 (51%) individuals were positive in 2023. All positives were caused by an H5N1 HPAIV clade 2.3.4.4b virus belonging to genotype BB. All the faecal samples (1699) received from passive surveillance in nature parks were analysed for AIV with negative results.
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Alqobali, Hala, and Maha Alandejani. "Scheme of Arrangement in the UK Takeover Market: Does it Make a Difference in Firms’ Survival to be Tendered?" Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 11, no. 5 (2022): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2022-0126.
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Compared with tender offers, bidders can easily obtain target firms in the scheme of arrangements. This study investigates the impact of deal and target characteristics on 803 firms’ survival to be taken over by a scheme of arrangement or a tender offer in the UK takeover market, during the 1995 to 2018 period, through applying survival analysis, including continuous (PH Cox, Weibull) and discrete-time (complementary log-log) hazard models. The findings indicate that the explanatory variables of target and deal characteristics play a significant role in both the scheme of arrangement and tender offer deals. Firm size, financial crises, the takeover Code shock, and the termination fees paid by a target firm increase the probability of a takeover of the target firm to be implemented by way of a scheme. Acquirers who are publicly listed and own a large stake in the target firm before the takeover intend to reduce the target firm’s probability of being schemed.
 
 Received: 21 April 2022 / Accepted: 15 August 2022 / Published: 2 September 2022
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Sane, Ibrahima, Sadibou Aidara, Amadou Saikou Diallo, and Clement Manga. "Generalized delay BSDE driven by fractional Brownian motion." Random Operators and Stochastic Equations 32, no. 4 (2024): 407–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rose-2024-2026.
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Abstract This paper deals with a class of Generalized delay backward stochastic differential equations driven by fractional Brownian motion (with Hurst parameter H greater than 1 2 \frac{1}{2} ). In this type of equation, a generator at time t can depend not only on the present but also the past solutions. We essentially establish existence and uniqueness of a solution in the case of Lipschitz coefficients. This paper is an extension of the first paper from [S. Aidara and I. Sane, Deplay BSDEs driven by fractional Brownian motion, Random Oper. Stoch. Equ. 30 2022, 1, 21–31]. The stochastic integral used throughout this paper is the divergence-type integral.
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Pruks, Peep. "Dear reader,." Juridica International 29 (December 31, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/ji.2020.29.00.
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The last time I addressed our readers was 20 years ago in the Juridica International issue ‘Legislation and Legal Policy’. This year, all eyes on the legal landscape have been turned to the celebration of the 100th anniversary of the first Constitution of Estonia. The adopting of the Constitution of the Republic of Estonia on 15 June 1920 provided Estonia with a source document that was used to direct life towards a state based on justice and the protection of democracy, fundamental rights and the rights of ethnic minorities. The 100th anniversary of the Constitution is the central theme of the major forum of the Estonian legal community – Estonian Lawyers' Days. The conference kicks off with plenaries and the days will continue with sixteen panels. Under the guidance of experienced moderators more than eighty presenters will take the stage. The programme can be found in this issue. Publication of the thoroughly updated commented edition of the Constitution holds a special place in the event programme dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the first Constitution of Estonia. Commented editions of the 1992 Constitution of the Republic of Estonia have been published since 2002. The above is a collection of scientific articles, which brings together knowledge on constitutional law that has been accumulated over the years, including looks back at history, a comparison to other legal systems, Estonian and international case-law. Over the course of the past few decades, dozens of lawyers have participated in the preparation of comments on the Constitution; their aim has been to create and constantly update the guide to understanding the Constitution, by means of cooperation and debates. Since 2012, the comments have been published by the Iuridicum Foundation as a web publication, and they are freely available to the public. Some of the scientists who commenced commenting on the Constitution in 2002 have since retired, departed, or distanced themselves from the field. Their duties have been taken over by researchers of a younger generation and practitioners with an academic background who are specialised and competent on the topic of the commented section or chapter. Completely new comments have been written in several parts in an interdisciplinary manner, expanding the legal-philosophical dimension. It is of the utmost importance to primarily continue with the approach introducing different points of view. The target audience of the comments are not just lawyers, but the whole of the Estonian public. The fifth edition of the comments on the Constitution will be presented on 21 December 2020. A selection of articles has been presented on the cover of this year’s issue of Juridica International – from the century-old approach to personal freedom in Estonian Marriage Law, to finding answers to the question of whether it is possible, at the current level of artificial intelligence, to delegate making atypical and more complex administrative decisions to kratts. It is of particular pleasure to note that this time a number of contributions from doctoral students at the beginning of their research careers have made it into this issue of the journal – the future belongs to young people who are able to change the world. Thank you to everyone who, with their initiative and activities, have significantly contributed to the maintenance and development of Estonian rule of law. Happy 100th anniversary of the Constitution of the Republic of Estonia!
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Ren, Kaide, Hongwei Li, Shuaibing Li, and Haiying Dong. "Voltage Stability Analysis of Front-End Speed Controlled Wind Turbine Integrated into Regional Power Grid Based on Bifurcation Theory." Complexity 2020 (October 7, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8816334.
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Since wind power has characteristics such as intermittent and fluctuation, the integration of large-scale wind turbines into the power grid will bring a great impact on the voltage stability of the system. In this paper, the influence of the front-end speed controlled wind turbine (FSCWT) on the system voltage stability is studied. An actual model of the wind turbines, including the FSCWTs, connected to a regional power grid in Zhangye, Gansu Province, is established. Firstly, differential-algebraic equations (DAEs) describing the dynamic characteristics of the wind turbine are given and the mathematical model of the system includes FSCWT is established. The continuation method is used to track the balance solution of the DEAs within given parameter intervals. Based on that, the influence of the reactive power variation and wind speed fluctuation on the stability of system voltage is analyzed through both the bifurcation theory and the time-domain simulation. Results show that the Hopf bifurcation (HB) and the saddle-node bifurcation (SNB) are inherited for the system, indicating that such bifurcations are the essence of nonlinear dynamics that lead to voltage instability. The greater the disturbance of the bifurcation parameter Q1, the shorter the time of voltage collapse and the smaller the stable operation area of the system. With the increase of wind speed, the amplitude of system voltage will increase slightly, but the HB point will appear in advance, which is more likely to lead to voltage instability and further reduce the stable operation area of system voltage.
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Aguilera Zamora, Wendy Elena. "Educación Superior en Ecuador con relación a la Inclusión de Personas con Discapacidad." Revista Scientific 7, no. 24 (2022): 375–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.29394/scientific.issn.2542-2987.2022.7.24.20.375-387.
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Reducir la exclusión es una meta propuesta en el marco de normativas internacionales, en las que los gobiernos y organizaciones confluyen para hacerle frente y en la que la Educación Superior a nivel mundial se encuentra trabajando. Las estadísticas con relación a los estudiantes universitarios insertados en las universidades no son muy alentadoras, en Ecuador tenemos que solo el 1,29% de la población con discapacidad según el Consejo Nacional para la Igualdad de Discapacidades (CONADIS, 2020), están participando de esta formación. La praxis pedagógica carece de formación en educación para la atención a estudiantes con Necesidades Educativas Específicas convirtiéndose este en un factor determinante para brindar la atención apropiada. En Ecuador el presupuesto para la educación superior ha disminuido, lo cual no permite garantizar calidad en procesos inclusivos, se debe administrar esos recursos respondiendo a las diversas aristas y engranando en ella la atención a las NEE (Deas y Bravo 2020). Considerando el camino recorrido es imperiosa la necesidad de que desde el nivel rector nacional de la educación superior de Ecuador se establezcan protocolos que regulen y fomenten la atención a la población universitaria con discapacidad, normativas que se sustenten en las políticas públicas establecidas y que se apliquen en todas las universidades.
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Hutchens, Wendell J., Jordan C. Booth, J. Michael Goatley, and David S. McCall. "Cultivation and Fertility Practices Influence Hybrid Bermudagrass Recovery from Spring Dead Spot Damage." HortScience 57, no. 2 (2022): 332–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci16235-21.
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Spring dead spot (SDS), caused by Ophiosphaerella spp., is among the most damaging diseases to hybrid bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon × transvaalensis) in areas where winter dormancy occurs. Management strategies that aid in turfgrass recovery from SDS damage have not been widely studied. An experiment was conducted in Blacksburg, VA, in 2019 and 2020, to determine the influence of various cultural practices on bermudagrass recovery from SDS damage. Fertility and cultivation were applied in the late spring/early summer, which is earlier than normal for cultivation practices for bermudagrass, to test their effectiveness in aiding bermudagrass recovery from SDS damage. The main effects of fertility and cultivation were arranged in a 2 × 3 factorial design with vertical mowing, solid-tine aerification, and no cultivation applied with urea (48.8 kg⋅ha−1 N) sprayed at trial initiation and 2 weeks later or without urea. Plots were assessed for the percent of SDS throughout the study. Data were analyzed as the percent change relative to the initial assessment to measure bermudagrass recovery. The main effect of fertility increased bermudagrass recovery from SDS damage in both 2019 and 2020. The main effects of vertical mowing and solid-tine aerification reduced bermudagrass recovery from SDS damage in 2020. These data suggest that two properly timed nitrogen fertilization applications at 48.8 kg⋅ha−1 optimized bermudagrass recovery from SDS damage, whereas late spring/early summer cultivation without fertility may inhibit bermudagrass recovery.
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Beller, Johannes, Stefanie Sperlich, Jelena Epping, and Juliane Tetzlaff. "Trends in severe functional limitations among working and non-working adults in Germany: Towards an (un)-healthy working life?" European Journal of Ageing 21, no. 1 (2024): 13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10433-024-00809-x.
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We examined trends in severe functional limitations among working and non-working adults in Germany (ages 40–65). Four population-based samples of 11,615 participants were used, spanning the time periods 2002–2021. The overall prevalence of severe limitations was found to be 12.8% in the sample, but also varied from 10 to 20% according to occupational group. Over time, severe limitations were found to have increased, from 10.6% in 2002 to 13.2% in 2021. Logistic regression analysis showed that severe limitations increased significantly in certain subgroups, including working women with a low skilled white collar occupational group, working men with a low skilled blue collar occupational group and, particularly, among the whole non-working population, whereas limitations remained largely the same in the other groups, including most of the working population. In terms of expectancies, overall working life expectancy increased. Along with this increase, healthy (non-severely limited) working life expectancy increased, but this trend was accompanied by a clear increase in unhealthy working life expectancy (severely limited). Thus, although severe limitations have increased in some groups in the working-age adults, people today can expect to work more years free from severe limitations than before. In the future, potentials to increase working life expectancy may come to an end, as severe limitations increased strongly in the non-working population, which could limit the prospects for a further increase in the proportion of the population in employment. Further studies are needed to investigate the potential impact of the increasing prevalence of severe limitations on the population’s ability to work.
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Neumann, Ariana, Hans-Helmut König, and André Hajek. "Determinants of Having Online Health Consultations During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults in Germany: Representative Longitudinal Survey Study." JMIR Aging 8 (May 26, 2025): e60311-e60311. https://doi.org/10.2196/60311.
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Abstract Background During the COVID-19 pandemic, telemedicine services represented a widely implemented alternative to in-person doctor and therapist appointments. Consequently, rates of telemedicine use rapidly increased worldwide, also in Germany. Research regarding longitudinal determinants of telemedicine use is needed, particularly from nationally representative German samples, to improve understanding of the use behavior of major target groups such as middle-aged and older adults. Objective This study aimed to longitudinally investigate determinants of online health consultation use among middle-aged and older individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. Methods Nationally representative longitudinal data of German middle-aged and older adults (≥46 years old) were taken from the German Ageing Survey (DEAS). Data from the Compact Survey (conducted between June and July 2020) and wave 7 (conducted between November 2020 and March 2021) of the DEAS were observed (pooled analytic sample N=5456). Having experienced consultations with doctors or therapists on online platforms served as the outcome measure. Associations with socioeconomic, health- and health behavior–related, psychological, and COVID-19–related determinants were tested using random effects logistic regressions. Results In our sample, 49% (2673/5456) of participants were female and the mean age of the participants was 67.8 (SD 9.4) years. Past experience with online health consultations was reported by 10.3% (561/5456) of the sample. Online health consultation use was associated with high education (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.06‐1.93; P=.02), poor self-rated health (OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.49‐0.75; P<.001), and higher frequency of physical activity (reference: low frequency; medium frequency: OR 1.58, 95% CI 1.15‐2.17; P=.005; high frequency: OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.09‐2.76; P=.02). Moreover, greater levels of loneliness (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.06‐1.93; P=.04) and life satisfaction (OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.02‐1.73; P=.04) as well as perceiving the COVID-19 crisis as a greater personal threat (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.01‐1.15; P=.02) were associated with having online health consultations during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions Online health consultation use does not seem to be exclusively associated with the health of middle-aged and older patients. Study findings emphasize the longitudinal association of education and psychosocial factors as well as health factors with telemedicine use during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. This knowledge may help to improve and adapt services to this patient group, which could contribute to higher utilization rates in the future. Future studies are needed to verify these initial findings under postpandemic circumstances and across different countries.
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Karakoç, Fatma. "Existence and uniqueness for fractional order functional differential equations with Hilfer derivative." Differential Equations & Applications, no. 4 (2020): 323–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.7153/dea-2020-12-21.
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Greavu, Alexandra. "Zur Rezeption Kafkas im 20. und 21. Jahrhundert – ein Abriss." Germanistische Beiträge 46, no. 1 (2020): 226–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/gb-2020-0011.
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Abstract The following paper deals with the critical reception of the works of Franz Kafka in Europe and North America. The wide range of existing interpretations, from thevery first attemptsto the later literary reception at the beginning of the 21st century, is analyzed within four chrono logically ordered segments. The purpose of this analysis, which plays an important role in the basis of my doctoral thesis, is to establish which elements of the “western” literary reception of Kafka have played a role in the assimilation of Kafka’s works in Japan.
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Hajek, André, and Hans-Helmut König. "Frequency and Correlates of Online Consultations With Doctors or Therapists in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Nationally Representative Cross-sectional Study." Journal of Medical Internet Research 24, no. 4 (2022): e29781. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/29781.
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Background A few studies have identified the frequency and correlates of online consultations with doctors or therapists. However, there is a lack of studies using nationally representative data from middle-aged and older adults in Germany. Objective This study aims to determine the frequency and correlates of online consultations with doctors or therapists in Germany. Methods For this study, cross-sectional data were taken from the nationally representative German Ageing Survey (DEAS; n=3067 in the analytical sample; age range 46-98 years). As part of the DEAS, a short survey was conducted between June 8 and July 22, 2020, examining the everyday life and living conditions among these middle-aged and older individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic. The frequency of online consultations with doctors or therapists served as the dependent variable (daily, several times a week, once a week, 1-3 times a month, less often, and never). Multiple logistic regressions were performed. Results In sum, 10.02% (381/3806) of individuals with access to the internet had online consultations with doctors or therapists. Multiple logistic regressions showed that the likelihood of using online consultations with doctors or therapists (compared with those never using such services) was positively associated with higher education (compared with medium education; odds ratio [OR] 1.31, 95% CI 1.01-1.70), living with a partner in the same household (compared with single; OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.05-2.22), poorer self-rated health (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.16-1.74), increased loneliness (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.10-1.90), and increased satisfaction with life (OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.03-1.64). Conclusions Study findings suggest that a non-negligible proportion of about 1 out of 10 individuals aged 46 years and over had online consultations with doctors or therapists. However, compared with other countries, this proportion remains small. Knowledge about the correlates of (non)use may assist in identifying corresponding individuals. In times of reshaping the health care system, these efforts in online consultations with doctors or therapists may contribute to addressing patient needs. Moreover, increased use of such services may reduce the risk of getting infected with SARS-CoV-2 by reducing social contact.
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Spraker, John S. "Corrigendum to: Positive solutions for a fourth order differential inclusion with boundary values, published in Differential Equations and Applications Vol. 8 No. 1 (2016), 21-31, by John S. Spraker." Differential Equations & Applications, no. 1 (2020): 101–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.7153/dea-2020-12-07.
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Polbin, A. V., S. G. Sinelnikov-Murylev, and P. V. Trunin. "The economic crisis of 2020: Reasons, policies to deal with and further development of the Russian economy." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 6 (June 9, 2020): 5–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2020-6-5-21.
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At the beginning of 2020, the world community has faced the problem of the coronavirus, which, in the context of significant globalization of the world economy, quickly spread from China around the world, leading to a sharp slowdown in global economic growth. For Russia, the consequences of the pandemic, in addition to the decrease in export demand and strict quarantine measures, are compounded by a sharp drop in oil prices in the face of difficult negotiations with OPEC + and the need to limit oil production. All this necessitates active anti-crisis policy, which should include not only the support of the affected economic agents, but the intensification of different structural reforms aimed at accelerating the potential (structural) economic growth rates. At the same time, the possibilities of a significant fiscal stimulus are narrow due to the contraction of government revenues, limited borrowing opportunities and the rapid depletion of the National Welfare Fund in the event of a prolonged coronavirus pandemic.
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Villalobos León, María Gabriela. "Los temas policiales y la violencia, los asuntos priorizados por el diario más exitoso de habla hispana." Desde el Sur 12, no. 1 (2020): 177–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.21142/des-1201-2020-0012.
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El diario Trome es considerado un éxito periodístico y comercial. Es el diario de habla hispana de mayor venta de ejemplares al día y con el mayor alcance en lectoría. La presente investigación busca identificar cuál es la agenda informativa ofrecida a su lectoría y evidenciar las características preponderantes en sus representaciones sociales cotidianas. Para el análisis se revisó información sobre sus 18 años de circulación y se estudiaron 21 ediciones consecutivas, haciendo énfasis en los titulares de la noticia principal de la portada y en los de las secciones más extensas: «Actualidad» y «Fiesta».
 Se identificó que los temas policiales y las representaciones violentas se imponen en la agenda noticiosa y predominan como representaciones de la vida cotidiana. Así, vemos que el 100% de ejemplares analizados priorizan como titular principal en la portada una noticia vinculada a una situación de violencia o de conflicto; además, que el 76% es de contenido policial, aunque el diario no cuenta con una sección de policiales.
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Ruales Guzmán, Bertha Viviana, Gloria Isabel Rodríguez Lozano, and Oscar Fernando Castellanos Domínguez. "Measuring productivity of dairy industry companies: an approach with data envelopment analysis." Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies 11, no. 2 (2021): 160–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jadee-05-2020-0100.
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PurposeThis research had two main objectives: To measure the productivity of companies in the Colombian dairy industry and to identify efficient decision-making units (DMUs) that can be used as work sample in future case studies.Design/methodology/approachIn the measurement of productivity, financial variables were considered for a sample of 19 DMUs. Efficient companies were identified through the data envelopment analysis (DEAs) methodology with the VRS model oriented to inputs and outputs. The input variables analyzed were “current asset,” “property, plant and equipment,” “non-current liability” and “equity,” while the output variables were “revenue” and “profit.”FindingsFindings revealed that seven DMUs are efficient in the input and output orientation and that companies of different sizes and with or without quality certifications are efficient in the sample analyzed. Additionally, the benchmark efficient DMUs were identified for each of the non-efficient DMUs.Research limitations/implicationsThe implications for the research include the contribution to the theory, on the one hand, with the analysis of the current state of the literature on the use of DEA in the food sector, and on the other, with the use of DEA to measure the productivity of Colombian dairy industry companies and with the identification of a sample of efficient units that can be analyzed in future case studies.Originality/valueThis article is novel and pioneering because it measures for the first time the productivity of DMUs of the Colombian dairy industry, in addition to including the current state of the literature on the application of the DEA methodology in the food sector. These findings contribute to the consolidation of the theory and also provide inputs for researchers, practitioners, managers, and policy makers.
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Valcazar Montenegro, Guimel Christopher. "El desempeño docente y la práctica inclusiva en el nivel superior." Desde el Sur 12, no. 2 (2020): 437–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21142/des-1202-2020-0025.
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La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación que existe entre el desempeño docente y la práctica inclusiva desde la percepción de los estudiantes de Mecánica Automotriz del Cetpro Benjamín Galecio Matos de Lima. Es un estudio de naturaleza aplicada, no experimental, de enfoque cuantitativo. La muestra seleccionada fue de 230 estudiantes de la institución, elegidos probabilísticamente. Se elaboraron dos encuestas con la intención de compilar información referida a las variables de estudio, una de 18 ítems para el desempeño docente y otra de 21 ítems para la práctica inclusiva. Se realizó el contraste de la hipótesis por medio del rho Spearman = ,793 (p-valor = ,000 < 0,01) y se recabó suficiente información estadística para probar la hipótesis de investigación. El estudio concluye probando la existencia de la relación considerable y significativa entre el desempeño docente y la práctica inclusiva desde la percepción de los estudiantes de Mecánica Automotriz del Cetpro Benjamín Galecio Matos de Lima. Es decir, si hay un buen desempeño docente, este se verá reflejado con el aumento de una buena práctica inclusiva.
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Pantelić-Babić, Kristina, Slađana Mijatović, and Dejan Gavrilović. "Sokol idea: Idea for the 21st century." Physical Education and Sport Through the Centuries 7, no. 2 (2020): 199–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/spes-2020-0016.
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Created by the idea of Miroslav Tyrš in the second half of the 19th century as a movement of spiritual and physical strengthening of the nation, sokolism soon spread to all countries where the Slavic people lived. In that way, it reached the territory of Herzegovina as well. However, what exactly was the idea of the sokol movement, what did it develop into in the first half of the 20th century in Herzegovina and whether it is an idea that can benefit a man of the 21st century as well, are just some of the questions that the authors deal with in this research. Although Miroslav Tyrš and his sokols are typical representatives of ethnocentrism, the sokolism of Herzegovina has expanded its ideas also in another direction. Using physical exercise as a gracious food for their body and truth and zeal as food for their soul, they may have been able to hint at what is an essential need almost a century later, and that is a theoanthropocentric way of approaching man which has been used more and more lately, especially in the field of physical culture. The appointed problems authors research using the method of theoretical analysis and historical method.
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Pang, Kok-Lun, and Kok-Yong Chin. "Comment on: Food for Bone: Evidence for a Role for Delta-Tocotrienol in the Physiological Control of Osteoblast Migration. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 4661." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 18 (2020): 6674. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21186674.
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Macías, Jorge, Cipriano Escalante, and Manuel J. Castro. "Multilayer-HySEA model validation for landslide-generated tsunamis – Part 1: Rigid slides." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 21, no. 2 (2021): 775–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-775-2021.
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Abstract. This paper is devoted to benchmarking the Multilayer-HySEA model using laboratory experimental data for landslide-generated tsunamis. This article deals with rigid slides, and the second part, in a companion paper, addresses granular slides. The US National Tsunami Hazard and Mitigation Program (NTHMP) has proposed the experimental data used and established for the NTHMP Landslide Benchmark Workshop, held in January 2017 at Galveston (Texas). The first three benchmark problems proposed in this workshop deal with rigid slides. Rigid slides must be simulated as a moving bottom topography, and, therefore, they must be modeled as a prescribed boundary condition. These three benchmarks are used here to validate the Multilayer-HySEA model. This new HySEA model consists of an efficient hybrid finite-volume–finite-difference implementation on GPU architectures of a non-hydrostatic multilayer model. A brief description of model equations, dispersive properties, and the numerical scheme is included. The benchmarks are described and the numerical results compared against the lab-measured data for each of them. The specific aim is to validate this new code for tsunamis generated by rigid slides. Nevertheless, the overall objective of the current benchmarking effort is to produce a ready-to-use numerical tool for real-world landslide-generated tsunami hazard assessment. This tool has already been used to reproduce the Port Valdez, Alaska, 1964 and Stromboli, Italy, 2002 events.
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Casati, Lavinia, Francesca Pagani, Roberto Maggi, Francesco Ferrucci, and Valeria Sibilia. "Reply: “Comment on: Food for Bone: Evidence for a Role for Delta-Tocotrienol in the Physiological Control of Osteoblast Migration. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 4661”." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 18 (2020): 6675. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21186675.
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Kurniawan, Rifki Dwi, and Samudra Baratha Yuliharson. "Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar Berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 21 Tahun 2020 Perspektif Fikih Siyasah." Ma’mal: Jurnal Laboratorium Syariah dan Hukum 3, no. 04 (2022): 313–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15642/mal.v3i04.132.
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Abstract: This article discusses Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB), which is based on Government Regulation Number 21 of 2020 to be analysed in siyasah jurisprudence. This research is a normative or juridical type of legal research. The results of the study concluded that to deal with the Covid-19 pandemic, the government refers to the regulation of Regulation Pegoverning Number 21 of 2020 concerning Large-Scale Social Restrictions. This regulation has many shortcomings, so the handling of this pandemic is less effective and efficient in implementation in the field. The implications of the law on implementing large-scale social restrictions for a region in Indonesia have a major impact on social life, economy and education. From the perspective of siyasah jurisprudence, the PSBB policy made by the government is according to the concept of siyasah jurisprudence. Keywords: Large-Scale Social Restrictions, Government, Fiqh Siyasah, Covid-19. Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas tentang Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) yang didasarkan pada Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 21 Tahun 2020 untuk dianalisis secara fikih siyasah. Penelitian ini berjenis penelitian hukum normatif atau yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa untuk menangani pandemi Covid-19 pemerintah mengacu pada regulasi Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 21 Tahun 2020 Tentang Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar. Dalam regulasi ini memiliki banyak kekurangan sehingga penanganan pandemi ini kurang efektif dan efisien dalam pelaksanaan di lapangan. Implikasi hukum terhadap pemberlakuan pembatasan sosial berskala besar bagi suatu wilayah di Indonesia memiliki dampak yang besar terhadap kehidupan sosial, ekonomi dan pendidikan. Dalam perspektif fikih siyasah, kebijakan PSBB yang dibuat pemerintah telah sesuai dengan konsep fikih siyasah. Kata kunci: Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar, Pemerintah, Fikih Siyasah, Covid-19.
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Kurniawan, Rifki Dwi, and Samudra Baratha Yuliharson. "Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar Berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 21 Tahun 2020 Perspektif Fikih Siyasah." Ma’mal: Jurnal Laboratorium Syariah dan Hukum 3, no. 4 (2022): 313–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15642/mal.v3i4.132.
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Abstract: This article discusses Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB), which is based on Government Regulation Number 21 of 2020 to be analysed in siyasah jurisprudence. This research is a normative or juridical type of legal research. The results of the study concluded that to deal with the Covid-19 pandemic, the government refers to the regulation of Regulation Pegoverning Number 21 of 2020 concerning Large-Scale Social Restrictions. This regulation has many shortcomings, so the handling of this pandemic is less effective and efficient in implementation in the field. The implications of the law on implementing large-scale social restrictions for a region in Indonesia have a major impact on social life, economy and education. From the perspective of siyasah jurisprudence, the PSBB policy made by the government is according to the concept of siyasah jurisprudence. Keywords: Large-Scale Social Restrictions, Government, Fiqh Siyasah, Covid-19. Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas tentang Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) yang didasarkan pada Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 21 Tahun 2020 untuk dianalisis secara fikih siyasah. Penelitian ini berjenis penelitian hukum normatif atau yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa untuk menangani pandemi Covid-19 pemerintah mengacu pada regulasi Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 21 Tahun 2020 Tentang Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar. Dalam regulasi ini memiliki banyak kekurangan sehingga penanganan pandemi ini kurang efektif dan efisien dalam pelaksanaan di lapangan. Implikasi hukum terhadap pemberlakuan pembatasan sosial berskala besar bagi suatu wilayah di Indonesia memiliki dampak yang besar terhadap kehidupan sosial, ekonomi dan pendidikan. Dalam perspektif fikih siyasah, kebijakan PSBB yang dibuat pemerintah telah sesuai dengan konsep fikih siyasah. Kata kunci: Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar, Pemerintah, Fikih Siyasah, Covid-19.
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Louis, M. H., C. Meyer, V. Legrain, and A. Berquin. "Facteurs pronostiques précoces dans le syndrome douloureux régional complexe : une revue systématique." Douleur et Analgésie 36, no. 3 (2023): 133–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/dea-2022-0267.
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Contexte et objectif : Plusieurs facteurs de risque associés à l’apparition d’un SDRC ont été découverts, mais les preuves scientifiques concernant les facteurs pronostiques associés à la progression de cette pathologie restent rares. Toutefois, la détection et la prise en charge de ces facteurs sont nécessaires pour élaborer des stratégies de prévention secondaire. L’objectif de cette revue systématique était d’identifier les facteurs pronostiques chez les adultes souffrant d’un SDRC précoce. Base de données et traitement des données : PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library et Scopus, publiées entre janvier 1990 et novembre 2021. Deux investigateurs indépendants ont sélectionné les études transversales et longitudinales s’intéressant aux facteurs pronostiques précoces (< 12 semaines après l’apparition de la maladie) de la douleur, du score de sévérité du SDRC, de l’incapacité fonctionnelle, du retour au travail ou de la qualité de vie. L’outil QUIPS (Quality In Prognostic Studies) a été utilisé pour évaluer le risque de biais. Une métasynthèse qualitative a été réalisée. Résultats : Sur 4 652 articles différents, six études répondaient aux critères d’inclusion. Nous avons identifié 21 facteurs précoces associés à un pronostic défavorable dans le SDRC de type I. Six d’entre eux présentaient un niveau de preuves modéré : intensité de la douleur, incapacité fonctionnelle, anxiété, peur du mouvement (kinésiophobie), sexe féminin et intensité du traumatisme physique déclencheur. Seules deux études présentaient un risque de biais globalement faible. Conclusions : Cette étude a révélé un manque important d’informations sur les facteurs pronostiques précoces dans le SDRC. Un seul article s’est intéressé au lien entre le risque de chronicité et les caractéristiques psychologiques. Il est indispensable de réaliser des études de plus grande envergure, avec une population bien définie et des mesures validées.
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Kaufmann, Eric R. "A fourth-order iterative boundary value problem with Lidstone boundary conditions." Differential Equations & Applications, no. 2 (2022): 305–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.7153/dea-2022-14-21.
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Deugoue, G., J. K. Djoko, and A. C. Fouape. "Three dimensional system of globally modified magnetohydrodynamics equations with infinite delays." Differential Equations & Applications, no. 4 (2021): 373–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.7153/dea-2021-13-21.
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Brondum, Lotte, Chika Sakashita, Liz Man, and Valeria Motta. "New Deal in Road Safety: Why we need NGOs." Journal of Road Safety 33, no. 1 (2022): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.33492/jrs-d-21-00070.
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Road safety has been receiving increasing global attention, for example: the inclusion of road safety in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) adoption of resolution 74/299 “Improving global road safety”; Stockholm Declaration (2020) reflecting the recommendations of the Academic Expert Group of the 3rd Global Ministerial Conference on Road Safety. Recognising that the target to reduce road deaths and serious injuries by 50% was not met in the First Decade of Action for Road Safety (Decade of Action) 2011–2020, the UN High-level Political Forum on Sustainable Development made a pledge in September 2019 to make the new decade one of action and delivery. On 28 October 2021, the Global Plan for the Decade of Action for Road Safety 2021–2030 (the Global Plan) was launched to guide Member States in the implementation of key actions to improve road safety with the target to reduce road traffic deaths and injuries by at least 50% by 2030 (WHO & UN Regional Commissions, 2021). The Global Plan calls on governmental agencies as the primary responsibility holder in delivering a safe road transport system and implementing the required road safety actions to achieve the global target of 50% reduction in deaths and injuries by 2030. The Global Plan also calls on other actors — nongovernment organisations (NGOs), academia, youth, funders, private sector and UN agencies — as important contributors. NGOs are groups organised independently from governments at a local, national or international level to serve a certain cause such as road safety. NGOs exist to drive actions and bring improvements on a societal issue, and, in the field of road safety, NGOs drive road safety actions to protect people from being killed or seriously injured in our ubiquitous use of the road transport system. The Global Alliance of NGOs for Road Safety (the Alliance) is a member-based organization for NGOs working for road safety around the world and currently represents 288 NGO members in 98 countries. The Alliance was founded in 2011 by NGO members of the United Nations Road Safety Collaboration (UNRSC) under the auspices of the World Health Organization (WHO) with a mission to unite, empower and strengthen civil society to stimulate collaborative advocacy, action and accountability for road safety. The Alliance achieves this by providing services to its members in three key areas: networking and sharing, advocacy and accountability, and capacity development. The aim of this paper is to articulate the NGO response to the calls made in the Global Plan by analysing the current road safety context and what NGOs contribute to the 50% reduction target by 2030. The paper employs relevant literature and results of an online survey conducted by the Alliance to substantiate the analyses herein. This online survey was conducted 14 January – 3 February 2021 to collect NGO perspectives of the first Decade of Action in anticipation of the launch of the second Decade of Action (Alliance NGO survey). It was made available to the Alliance member NGOs in English, Spanish, and French. A total of 100 NGOs from 53 countries responded to this survey. Further details are available in the Alliance (2021).
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Westheimer, Frank H., and W. Lipscomb. "Konrad Bloch. 21 January 1912 – 5 October 2000." Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 48 (January 2002): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbm.2002.0003.
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Konrad Bloch was one of the leaders of the small group of exceptional biochemists who unravelled the pathways of intermediary metabolism. He was born in 1912 in Niesse, Germany, into a highly cultured, prosperous Jewish family, and began his schooling at the local gymnasium . For his 13th birthday, a rich uncle offered Konrad his choice of a cello or a canoe. Before he had a chance to make the obvious choice of any red-blooded 13-year-old boy, his mother intervened: ‘Of course Konrad would prefer the cello’. And a cello it was. In due course, Konrad graduated from the gymnasium at Niesse and embarked on a career in organic chemistry in Hans Fischer's laboratory in Munich. He earned from Fischer the greatest four-word recommendation ever: ‘Herr Bloch ist ausgezeichnet’. (Some critics claim that the recommendation read, ‘Herr Bloch ist sehr gut’.) But spectacular recommendation or no, there was no place for Konrad in Hitler's Germany. He applied to Fritz Kögl in Utrecht but fortunately was rejected; had he been accepted he would have been trapped when the Nazis overran Holland. He managed to slip into Switzerland, where he tried to obtain a PhD This future Nobel laureate failed his doctoral examination; he had neglected to cite a publication of one of his examiners. During his stay in Switzerland, Bloch had occasion to try to repeat some work on the fatty acids of tubercle bacilli, work that Rudolf Anderson at Yale had published. He found that Anderson's work had been faulty. With an audacity that he would never have dared towards a German Geheimrat , Bloch wrote to Professor Anderson to correct his experimental results. Anderson reacted as the ideal scientist is supposed to react but as not all scientists do. He checked his work again, and then wrote promptly, confirming Bloch's experiments, and thanking him for the correction. Later, when Bloch was forced to leave Switzerland, he appealed in desperation to Anderson for help in entering the USA. Anderson again reacted as one would hope that a scientist would: he promptly sent two letters in reply, one from the Dean that Bloch could show to the US consul, promising Bloch an assistantship at Yale, and a second, private letter, admitting that there was no money to support the assistantship. Bloch gratefully used the first letter to gain entry to the USA, and started his search for a PhD advisor.
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Gonon-Demoulian, R., P. Ginies, and J. Attal. "La stimulation magnétique transcrânienne répétée du cortex moteur primaire dans la fibromyalgie : résultats des soins courants au CHU de Montpellier, recherche de potentiels facteurs prédictifs de réponse." Douleur et Analgésie 34, no. 4 (2021): 233–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/dea-2021-0185.
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La stimulation magnétique transcrânienne répétée (rTMS) devient une option non médicamenteuse intéressante dans le traitement de la douleur chronique. Des données tangibles de son efficacité dans la fibromyalgie (FM) ont conduit à une recommandation de grade B. Cependant, il n’existe pas d’éléments prédictifs de réponse à la rTMS dans la FM. Ce travail a deux objectifs : premièrement, de réaliser une analyse rétrospective de l’intérêt de la rTMS du cortex moteur primaire (M1) chez des patients souffrant de FM traités en soins courants au CHU de Montpellier, et deuxièmement de rechercher de potentiels facteurs prédictifs de la réponse à la rTMS. 31 patients ont bénéficié d’une cure complète de rTMS, on retrouve un bénéfice analgésique significatif pour 19 patients (61,3 %) et sur quatorze patients ayant bénéficié d’un protocole d’entretien complet, ce bénéfice est maintenu pour dix patients (71,4 %). L’EN Douleur diminue en moyenne de 2,18 points (–32 %) en fin de cure et de 2,54 points (–42 %) en fin d’entretien. La sévérité douloureuse à la BPI diminue de 1,7 points (–27 %) en fin de cure. La qualité de vie apparait améliorée en fin de cure avec baisse des scores de la FIQ et de l’interférence à la BPI, respectivement de 15,5 points (–21 %) et de 1,9 points (–30 %). Ces résultats paraissent se maintenir en entretien. Concernant la recherche de potentiels facteurs prédictifs de réponse à la rTMS, le maintien d’une activité professionnelle est associé à une meilleure réponse. L’usage de morphiniques et le sexe masculin sont associés à de moindres bénéfices. La rTMS en soins de la FM a des résultats positifs sur la douleur et la qualité de vie avec peu d’effets indésirables. Cette étude confirme l’intérêt de sa place en soins courant de FM. Une meilleure définition du profil des patients auxquels proposer la rTMS et la place de la rTMS dans la séquence thérapeutique constituent des enjeux afin de mieux cibler les soins à proposer pour la FM.
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Sultankulova, Kulyaisan T., Takhmina U. Argimbayeva, Nurdos A. Aubakir, et al. "Reassortants of the Highly Pathogenic Influenza Virus A/H5N1 Causing Mass Swan Mortality in Kazakhstan from 2023 to 2024." Animals 14, no. 22 (2024): 3211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani14223211.
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In the winter of 2023/2024, the mass death of swans was observed on Lake Karakol on the eastern coast of the Caspian Sea. From 21 December 2023 to 25 January 2024, 1132 swan corpses (Cygnus olor, Cygnus cygnus) were collected and disposed of on the coast by veterinary services and ecologists. Biological samples were collected from 18 birds for analysis at different dates of the epizootic. It was found that the influenza outbreak was associated with a high concentration of migrating birds at Lake Karakol as a result of a sharp cold snap in the northern regions. At different dates of the epizootic, three avian influenza A/H5N1 viruses of clade 2.3.4.4.b were isolated from dead birds and identified as highly pathogenic viruses (HPAIs) based on the amino acid sequence of the hemagglutinin multi-base proteolytic cleavage site (PLREKRRRKR/G). A phylogenetic analysis showed that the viruses isolated from the swans had reassortations in the PB2, PB1, and NP genes between highly pathogenic (HP) and low-pathogenic (LP) avian influenza viruses. Avian influenza viruses A/Cygnus cygnus/Karakol lake/01/2024(H5N1) and A/Mute swan/Karakol lake/02/2024(H5N1) isolated on 10 January 2024 received PB2, PB1, and NP from LPAIV, while A/Mute swan/Mangystau/9809/2023(H5N1) isolated on 26 December 2023 received PB1 and NP from LPAIV, indicating that the H5N1 viruses in this study are new reassortants. All viruses showed amino acid substitutions in the PB2, PB1, NP, and NS1 segments, which are critical for enhanced virulence or adaptation in mammals. An analysis of the genomes of the isolated viruses showed that bird deaths during different periods of the epizootic were caused by different reassortant viruses. Kazakhstan is located at the crossroads of several migratory routes of migratory birds, and the possible participation of wild birds in the introduction of various pathogens into the regions of Kazakhstan requires further study.
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Adeline Vinda Septiani, Rafika Aufa Hasibuan, Anwar Fitrianto, Erfiani, and Alfa Nugraha Pradana. "Penerapan Metode K-Medoids dalam Pengklasteran Kab/Kota di Provinsi Jawa Barat Berdasarkan Intensitas Bencana Alam di Jawa Barat pada Tahun 2020-2021." Statistika 23, no. 2 (2023): 147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/statistika.v23i2.3057.
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ABSTRAK Mengidentifikasi objek atau individu yang seragam merupakan salah satu metode analisis yaitu analisis cluster. Analisis cluster berkerja dengan cara mengidentifikasi individu yang seragam berdasarkan peubah tertentu dengan mempertimbangkan karakteristik yang dimiliki dari setiap objek dan memaksimalkan persamaan antar objek tersebut ke satu cluster dan meminimalkan persamaan antar cluster. Pendekatan analisis cluster terbagi menjadi dua yaitu, pendekatan hirarki dan pendekatan partisi. Pada riset ini, menggunakan skema yang dilakukan dengan pendekatan partisi dengan metode K-Medoids. K-Medoids ialah pengembangan dari metode k-means, dimana proses ini dapat mengatasi ketidakmampuan k-means dalam mengatasi outliers. Informasi pada penelitian ini menggunakan data Potensi Desa (Podes) di Provinsi Jawa Barat dengan 27 kab/kota pada tahun 2020-2021 dengan variabel yang digunakan adalah intensitas/banyaknya kejadian bencana yang terjadi selama tahun 2020-2021 di kab/kota di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Dari hasil analisis menggunakan grafik elbow bahwa pengelompokkan menggunakan K-Medoids cluster yang terbaik adalah 2 cluster, sehingga 27 kab/kota diklasifikasikan ke dalam 2 cluster. Berdasarkan analisis K-Medoids kab/kota yang masuk ke dalam cluster 1 terdiri dari 21 kab/kota yang terdiri dari Kota Bandung, Bekasi, Kota Ciamis, Cirebon, Indramayu, Kuningan, Bandung, Kota Banjar, Kota Bekasi, Kota Bogor, Cimahi, Kota Cirebon, Kota Depok, Kota Sukabumi, Kota Tasikmalaya, Karawang, Majalengka, Pangandaran, Purwakarta, Subang, Sumedang. Kab/kota yang tergolong ke dalam cluster 1 ialah kab/kota yang tidak rentan terhadap bencana alam sedangkan kab/kota yang masuk ke dalam cluster 2 atau kab/kota yang rentan terhadap bencana alam terdiri dari Bandung Barat, Bogor,Cianjur, Garut, Sukabumi dan Tasikmalaya. ABSTRACT Identifying uniform objects or individuals is a method of one analysis, namely cluster analysis. Cluster analysis works by identifying uniform individuals based on certain variables by considering the characteristics of each object and maximizing the similarities between these objects to one cluster and minimizing similarities between clusters. The cluster analysis approach is divisible into two, specifically the hierarchical approach and the partition approach. In this study, the oncoming used is a partition approach using the K-Medoids method. K-Medoids is a development of the k-means method, where this method can get over the inability of k-means to deal with outliers. The information in this research uses Village Potential (Podes) data in West Java Province with 27 districts/cities in 2020-2021 with the variables used being the intensity/number of natural disasters that occurred during 2020-2021 in districts/cities in West Java Province. From results of the analysis based on the elbow graph, the best grouping using K-Medoids clusters is 2 clusters, so that 27 districts/cities are classified into 2 clusters. Based on K-Medoids analysis, the districts/cities included in cluster 1 consist of 21 districts/cities consisting of Bandung, Bekasi, Ciamis, Cirebon, Indramayu, Karawang, Bandung City, Banjar City, Bekasi City, Bogor City, Cimahi City, Cirebon City, Depok City, Sukabumi City, Tasikmalaya City, Kuningan, Majalengka, Pangandaran, Purwakarta, Subang, Sumedang. Districts/cities that are included in cluster 1 are districts/cities that are not vulnerable to natural disasters, while districts/cities that are part in cluster 2 or districts/cities that are vulnerable to natural disasters consist of West Bandung, Bogor, Cianjur, Garut, Sukabumi and Tasikmalaya.
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Holst, Jens, and Manfred Stockburger. "Kläger wollen Deal zwischen Kellerhals und Ceconomy torpedieren." Lebensmittel Zeitung 73, no. 21 (2021): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.51202/0947-7527-2021-21-008-1.
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Sitnikova, V., and S. Sitnikova. "FAS 4/2023: Material Information in Accounting (Financial) Statements." Auditor 11, no. 4 (2025): 21–27. https://doi.org/10.12737/1998-0701-2025-11-4-21-27.
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FAS 4/2023 «Accounting (Financial) Statements» is applied starting from the accounting (financial) statements for the year 2025, which indicates increased attention to the provisions that are required to be applied in the formation of reporting information. The formation and disclosure of information in the accounting (financial) statements is carried out with the application of the materiality requirement. The article pays attention to the provisions of the standard, which deal with the application of the requirement of materiality in the formation and disclosure of information in accounting (financial) statements with the identification of problematic and controversial issues. Based on the comparison of the provisions of FAS 4/2023 and the previously effective standard, the changes based on the application of the materiality requirement that should be taken into account in connection with the transition to FAS 4/2023 are identified.
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Maracci, Bruno de Almeida, Camila Cristina Teixeira Santana, and Marcio França Teixeira. "A NOVA LEI DE LICITAÇÕES – LEI 14.133/21 – E SUA CONVIVÊNCIA COM AS REGRAS LICITATÓRIAS ANTERIORES." Colloquium Socialis 6, no. 1 (2023): 120–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5747/cs.2022.v6.s157.
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The entry of a new norm into the national legal system is always surrounded by apprehension on the part of administrators and law enforcers, especially when this wording has been bringing general directions on a given subject and replacing previous norms. This peculiar situation was what we found with Law number 14,133/21 – Law of Administrative Tenders and Contracts, which came to replace previous laws such as Law number 8,666/93 - which deals with general rules for public bidding and contracting -, Law number 10,520/02 - which deals with general rules for the Auction bidding modality -, and Law number 12,462/11, which deals with the differentiated regime of public procurement. The question, following the legal norms, presents interesting contours to citizens and law enforcers, since Law number 14.133/21 started to take effect on the date of its publication, expressly indicating that the previous laws would also be producing effects for the period two years after the publication of this Law, also indicating that the bidding procedures used by the previous law would be being achieved by the new sanctions introduced by the new rule. Bibliographic research was carried out to verify the moments in which the norms start to produce effects, it was found that although both wordings are of application provided by the server during the bidding procedure, the articles related to sanctions must comply with the new text. Certainly, the innovation and creativity of the legislator were the elements that motivated the preparation of the present work, as well as the effects that such innovations can produce in the legal world.
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Arshad, Misbah, and Bushra Bibi. "A Qualitative Study of Dyadic Coping among Couples Dealing with Burden of Chronic Illness." Global Social Sciences Review V, no. III (2020): 191–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2020(v-iii).21.
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The present qualitative study aimed in-depth exploration of dyadic coping among couples dealing with chronic illness. There were 12 couples (six females and six males) with chronic illness and their healthy partners were interviewed. The in-depth interviews were conducted through interview guide based on Systematic Transactional Model (STM) (Bodenmann, 1995) and lived experiences of participants. The results were analyzed by using (Braun & Clarke, 2006) method of thematic analysis. The results revealed that female diagnosed partners showed less supportive dyadic coping to deal with physical and emotional burden of their chronic illnesses as compared to chronically ill male partners. However, the economic hardships is equally stressful for both members of the couples resulted in negative dyadic coping. The therapeutic assistance should be given to improve the dyadic coping among couples to deal with burden of chronic illness and live with better quality of life.
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Naidu, B. V. A., N. Swamy, and T. V. V. Reddi. "Ethnomedicine for eye diseases by the tribes of Srikakulam district, Andhra Pradesh, India." Journal of Non Timber Forest Products 28, no. 1 (2021): 16–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps2000-2021-c42cf1.
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The paper deals with 21 species of plants used for curing eye diseases by the tribes of Srikakulam district, Andhra Pradesh. Leaf is used in maximum of 13 practices followed by whole plant and flower (3 each).
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Aldana Zavala, Julio Juvenal, Josía Jeseff Isea-Argüelles, and Félix José Colina-Ysea. "Depresión, ansiedad y estrés por COVID -19 en actores educativos." Desde el Sur 13, no. 2 (2021): e0024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21142/des-1302-2021-0024.
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La investigación tuvo por objetivo analizar la presencia de depresión, ansiedad y estrés en actores educativos durante el periodo de cuarentena por COVID-19. Se sustentó desde el enfoque cuantitativo con un tipo descriptivo con diseño no experimental, basado en la visión epistémica sujeto – objeto. La población estuvo conformada por actores educativos (docentes y estudiantes), quienes cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión, se les aplicó el instrumento DASS-21 con la finalidad de recopilar datos que fueron procesados estadísticamente. Se confirma la presencia de depresión, ansiedad y estrés en la muestra poblacional, aunque no puede declararse que tengan su origen a causa de la pandemia por COVID-19, sino profundización motivado al estado de incertidumbre y alarma social generado, así como por el empleo de la modalidad virtual para la cual al inicio del periodo académico no se tenía prevista su implementación.
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Novak, Sonja, Stephanie Jug, and Iris Spajić. "BIG CITIES AS TOPOI OF MIGRATION CRISES IN GERMAN LITERATURE AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 21ST CENTURY." Folia linguistica et litteraria XIII, no. 44 (2023): 323–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.31902/fll.44.2023.18.
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The following paper offers a transgeneric analysis of three contemporary German literary texts which shows how the plot setting - which is in all these cases an urban environment, i.e. a city – can be described as a topos to address ongoing migration crises. These urban places of action and the depicted migration crises create a state of paradox and irony: big cities attract the population and represent a place that is desirable to live in, yet they seem to marginalize and ostracize the very groups that migrate towards them. The research presented in this paper stems from an ongoing research project that deals with the phenomenon of crisis in contemporary English, German and Croatian literature, with an emphasis on systems in crisis, where the systems are defined from a sociological perspective as the family, the local community, the state, the region, and so on. The research was conducted within the installation research project “UIP-2020-02-3695 Analysis of Systems in Crisis and of New Consciousness in 21st Century Literature” (2021.-2026) funded by the Croatian Science Fund. The aim of the project is to prove the hypothesis that what we have at hand is a predominantly subversive attitude on the part of literature towards the phenomenon of crisis and towards systems in crisis. The research done in the first year of the project (2021) shows that of the 126 German-language prose and drama texts included in the corpus, focusing on texts published from 2000 to 2021, 29 deal explicitly with crises in the local community or in the city and 23 with migration crises (cf. Novak et al. 2021, p. 3). The literary works selected for analysis, which offer urban areas as the setting of the narrative, show how, at the expense of the protagonists’/characters’ isolated experience, a shared, global view is illustrated that might indicate literary trends in dealing with contemporary problems in society, such as the attitude towards the ‘other’, the marginalized, or the ‘different’. Paradoxically, at the same time, through the way they subtly address these problematic attitudes, the literary texts become topoi that allow space for criticism. The novel and two plays that are the focus of this research have all been published in German since the year 2000 and are part of the project’s corpus. They have been selected as representative examples of how the urban, civilized, dominant community acts and reacts when it comes into contact with the ‘other’. They encompass both the individual and the collective, tragedy and comedy, but also social satire which addresses many problems of the world we consider to be structured and ordered, revealing that it is in reality a place of complex dynamics of centricity versus provinciality and inclusion versus exclusion. The paper takes a close look at Robert Menasse’s novel Die Hauptstadt (2017), Philipp Löhle’s play Wir sind keine Barbaren! (2015) and Lutz Hübner and Sarah Nemitz’s play Phantom (Ein Spiel) (2015). The transgeneric analysis of the selected literary texts shows how the migration crises in the big cities are not explicitly addressed, but rather pushed to the sides and margins – both literally and figuratively - and overlooked, and thus made even deeper within the system of the narrative (that is, in the narrative of both the prose as well as the drama text). In all three examples, the “we” is often emphasized as dominant, while “the others” are marginalized, both geographically and symbolically, due to this dominance. The migrants/refugees appear and remain on the geographical periphery, while also not even being recognized, and listened to, or else they become condemned to a life in symbolic parallel worlds. The community in all three examples acts globally in the economic and communication-strategic sense, but limits its self-image and the conception of “we” locally, and in doing so emphasizes the meaningfulness of their own tradition, while diminishing the existence of the others.
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Guan, Ming. "Panel Associations Between Newly Dead, Healed, Recovered, and Confirmed Cases During COVID-19 Pandemic." Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health 12, no. 1 (2021): 40–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s44197-021-00019-z.
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Abstract Background Currently, the knowledge of associations among newly recovered cases (NR), newly healed cases (NH), newly confirmed cases (NC), and newly dead cases (ND) can help to monitor, evaluate, predict, control, and curb the spreading of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aimed to explore the panel associations of ND, NH, and NR with NC. Methods Data from China Data Lab in Harvard Dataverse with China (January 15, 2020 to January 14, 2021), the United States of America (the USA, January 21, 2020 to April 5, 2021), and the World (January 22, 2020 to March 20, 2021) had been analyzed. The main variables included in the present analysis were ND, NH, NR, and NC. Pooled regression, stacked within-transformed linear regression, quantile regression for panel data, random-effects negative binomial regression, and random-effects Poisson regression were conducted to reflect the associations of ND, NH, and NR with NC. Event study analyses were performed to explore how the key events influenced NC. Results Descriptive analyses showed that mean value of ND/NC ratio regarding China was more than those regarding the USA and the World. The results from tentative analysis reported the significant relationships among ND, NH, NR, and NC regarding China, the USA, and the World. Panel regressions confirmed associations of ND, NH, and NR with NC regarding China, the USA, and the World. Panel event study showed that key events influenced NC regarding USA and the World more greatly than that regarding China. Conclusion The findings in this study confirmed the panel associations of ND, NH, and NR with NC in the three datasets. The efficiencies of various control strategies of COVID-19 pandemic across the globe were compared by the regression outcomes. Future direction of research work could explore the influencing mechanisms of the panel associations.