Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Débats et controverses dans les médias'
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Blanchard, Philippe. "Les médias et l’agenda de l’électronucléaire en France. 1970-2000." Paris 9, 2010. https://bu.dauphine.psl.eu/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2010PA090001.
Full textCombining modeling and sociological approaches to agenda helps understand the construction of the nuclear issue as a long-term public controversy and policy. To a quite stable policy lead by a cohesive policy community corresponds a long-term trend of positive public support, but punctuated with bursts of protest. To explain the upheavals of some publics’ support, the media coverage appears as a crucial factor. Two successive cycles of media coverage occur, both linked to a state of the local référentiel, embedded in the global one. Yet neither of them leads to a steady rejection of nuclear energy by the public, nor by the elite. Two agenda strategies face each other: contestants seek maximum visibility, defenders discretion and alternative framing, but they only account for a part of the controversy process. Non strategic agendas also have to be dealt with. They are lead by dramatic events, crisis, non anticipated consequences of prepared achievements and non coordinated strategies that happen to converge
Nemri, Bochra. "La construction médiatique du vraisemblable : les journalistes, leurs sources expertes et le traitement médiatique télévisuel de la question du terrorisme islamique des attentats du 11 septembre 2001 aux attentats déjoués de Londres de la nuit du 9 au 10 août 2006." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0305.
Full textSince the attacks of September 11, 2001, Islamic terrorism has generated many questions on which the experts are frequently invited by journalists to express their points of view. The thesis focuses on the relationship between journalists and discourse produced by these experts. Two corpuses are analyzed: firstly, three televised debate programs requiring the assistance of experts regularly, and covering questions related to Islamic terrorism for a period of five years between the crisis of September 11 and the attempted attacks in London on the night of 9 to 10 August 2006; secondly, a corpus of news programs covering the first ten days of the crisis of September 11, 2001. We are adopting a semio-pragmatique and argumentative approach. In the first part, we explore the context of debates underlying the intervention of experts, then, in consideration of this, we propose to qualify the discourse produced by these experts. In the second part, we analyze the forms through which expert discourse mediation is conducted in televised debate programs. In the third part, we analyze forms of mediation of the experts' discourses in news programs, in a context where the mastery of time escapes journalists
Mendy, Dominique François. "La médiatisation des intellectuels dans les débats publics africains (1960-2000)." Thesis, Paris 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA020018/document.
Full textThe assertion that the medias have become the “fourth power” seems to be part of the self-evident facts that the professionals of the medias as well some intellectuals need not always question. A truth that is all the more obvious because the medias regularly prove it through their capacity to mobilize people around an event or even a televised series. In order not to turn such an assertion into a “soft concept”, it has been worth putting it to the practical test within the context of Senegal during the period (1960-2000) by chiefly applying it to the particular group of the intellectuals. The advantage of such a group lies on its competences (knowledge and know-how) that have given it a symbolic “power”. Thus, in the Senegalese context the intellectuals have consolidated, in the long run, their “strength” through various means of publications (journals, novels, essays, etc.), as well as through public debates and important intellectual gatherings (congresses, symposiums, festivals etc.). Those various ways of official recognition and consecration, that have proven their level of commitment, have confronted the medias which, by growing in large numbers in the 80s, have developed influential strategies based on visibility and the increased use of the national languages. The consequent emerging effects have not only made new social legitimacies rise up, but have also caused new sociocultural, political, intellectual and public configurations come out, especially an intellectual figure that has been more attentive to the cultural creations
Nemri, Bochra. "La construction médiatique du vraisemblable : les journalistes, leurs sources expertes et le traitement médiatique télévisuel de la question du terrorisme islamique des attentats du 11 septembre 2001 aux attentats déjoués de Londres de la nuit du 9 au 10 août 2006." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0305.
Full textSince the attacks of September 11, 2001, Islamic terrorism has generated many questions on which the experts are frequently invited by journalists to express their points of view. The thesis focuses on the relationship between journalists and discourse produced by these experts. Two corpuses are analyzed: firstly, three televised debate programs requiring the assistance of experts regularly, and covering questions related to Islamic terrorism for a period of five years between the crisis of September 11 and the attempted attacks in London on the night of 9 to 10 August 2006; secondly, a corpus of news programs covering the first ten days of the crisis of September 11, 2001. We are adopting a semio-pragmatique and argumentative approach. In the first part, we explore the context of debates underlying the intervention of experts, then, in consideration of this, we propose to qualify the discourse produced by these experts. In the second part, we analyze the forms through which expert discourse mediation is conducted in televised debate programs. In the third part, we analyze forms of mediation of the experts' discourses in news programs, in a context where the mastery of time escapes journalists
Issanchou, Damien. "Une indicible monstruosité : étude de cas de la contreverse médiatique autour d'Oscar Pistorius (2007-2012 en France) (2007-2012 en France)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100040/document.
Full textSport is acknowledged, by an increasing number of sociologists, as an heuristic way to understand contemporary societies. During year 2007, sports institution was faced up to a particular situation. Indeed, Oscar Pistorius, a double legs amputated athlete with artificial lower limbs, takes part in « able bodied » competitions (international athletics meetings). The singularity of this situation causes media covered controversies regarding legitimacy of his involvement. The study of this case, based on a « pragmatic » approach, highlighting what those controversies show from sport in contemporary societies.The analysis of media speeches about Pistorius reveals that this athlete poses a sports categorization problem. Indeed, on the one hand, the performances he produces distinguishes between him and « disabled athlete » category and seems to allow to put him in the « able bodied » one. But, on the other hand, his artificial limbs prevent from validating this sports classification. Despite the verdict of the Court of Arbitration for Sport which autorises him to take part in all athletics competitions, the persistence of controversies shows that Pistorius’ situation gives a breach of sports understandability. Then, this situation has to be understood like a monstrousness, in the Foucaldian sense of the word, because it messes up the required definitions to think sport. Challenging sports institution basis, thus the disputed pistorius’ situation reveals the way in which sport sets athletes in order. More exactly, this monstrousness proves sport inability to take charge of the efficient fited bodies radical difference
Volut, Pierre. "De l'éloquence à la polémique. Les discours de réception prononcés dans l'Académie Française et autour de l'Académie Française entre 1746 et 1789." Dijon, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997DIJOL006.
Full textFor his first session amongst the forty members of the French Academy, the new academician must submit to the tradition. He pronounces a thanks speech, to which the director of the academy answers. In the second half of the eighteenth century, from Voltaire’s election unto the suppression of the first French Academy, most of speeches complied with rethorical norms, which have been imposed progressively since Richelieu’s foundation of the academy. The first part of this thesis deals with ceremonial speeches. Contemporaries accounts and newspapers enable us to reconstitute some of voices effects, gestures and dramatic acting, used by the orators to embellish their rhetorical shows, and to know the public's reactions to their speeches. A succinct study of academic eloquence defines main rules of this type of speech, the noble style, some strokes of inspiration, and the grandiloquent praises of the foundator, of the kings, of the predecessor. . . . The enlightment century was a period of intense ideological quarrels. Numerous polemics crept into the courteous and soft debates of the French Academy. Voltaire often cast malignant epigrams against other academicians; he received many strucks back, and he replied with new pamphlets and parodies. Beyond authors envy and irritability, beyond the competition between philosophy and bigotry, polemics hang the threat over the very existence of an academy devoted to celebrate French monarchy. Several parodical speeches and spiteful revolutionnary accusers lead to its death in 1793
Hoctan, Caroline. "Débats et controverses littéraires dans les revues en France à la Libération (9 août 1944 - 27 octobre 1946)." Paris 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA030115.
Full textThis thesis concerns literary debates and controversies published in French reviews during the Liberation era. Based on hitherto unexamined collections and original archives, this study uses the magazines to show how the intellectuals, in the difficult context of the purges, addressed the issue of « literary commitment » and « intellectual accountability ». The reviews, small structures publishing only short texts and articles, occupied a singular niche in the literary field on account of their history and editorial specificities and thereby provided a privileged forum for ideological debate and critical discussion. The research also focuses on the characteristics of debate within polemical tradition and attempts to describe a rhetorical model taking account of its specific agonistic workings. The study of debate makes it possible to highlight the importance of this form of discourse in the reviews on which the intellectual clans built their ideological strategies in an attempt to impose their opinions while discrediting those of their opponents
Essono, Thomas. "La communication politique au Cameroun : structures, contenu et effets." Paris 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA020094.
Full textPolitical communication is an exchange between government and people. This exchange exists in the whole of political society. But it is not done of the same way in all countries. Cameroon which is a developing country is the subject of our study. We have tried to answer a few questions. What are the means of political communication in this country ? what is the content of this communication, and what are the effects on the people, on the government, on the political decision and the political message? in cameroon, the means of political communication made up medias, political and administrative organizations, and non-political organizations like clergy and associations. The cameroonian political communication system is characterized firstly by the heterogeneousness of political information, secondly by a different running of information in the urban and rural environment. Pre-eminence of opinion leaders is very important. And thirdly by the volume of information which depends on political liberty degree in the society. The cameroonian society has alternated democratic and dictatorial periods, and developed rumor. The rumor is sometimes the content political communication because it is sustained by the medias and the politicians behaviour. As for effects, we find out political communication acts on knowledge, does not act on people's behaviour. However, political communication acts on the politicians behaviour, on their decisions and message
Lettieri, Carmela. "Formes et acteurs des débats publics contemporains : les tribunes publiées dans la presse quotidienne en Italie et en France." Paris 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA020006.
Full textFoucaud, Frédéric. "La presse de vulgarisation en contexte : l’information sur l’énergie dans Science & Vie entre 1965 et 1995." Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA112170.
Full textAnalysts of written communication of popularization press are often focused on the scientific and technical content of text and images, to the expense of general information content. Dedicated to informal education and to the diffusion of specialized information, the popularization press can be described as a footprint of an art of support to memory. The recognition of the role of creativity in science press writing and the assumption of aesthetic in Information permits the questioning of the impact of the symbolic context on the content of the magazine “Science et Vie”, via the analysis of articles on the topic of energy published between 1965 and 1995. Context (general and specific to the writer) is captured and communicated through analogies. A thematic analysis combining lineal and systematic approaches highlights the diversified response of the magazine according to the trends at the time of writing. The resonances of meanings then suggested highlight the unconscious existence of a collective imagery embedded in general psychology in the background of technical and scientific information
Delmas, Sophie. "Eustache d'Arras (o. F. M. ) dans les débats universitaires de la seconde moitié du XIIIe siècle." Lyon 2, 2006. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2006/delmas_s.
Full textMichalski, Lukasz. "Analyse de controverses dans l'aménagement du territoire de la Communauté métropolitaine de Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/22088.
Full textCarbou, Guillaume. "Les médiations symboliques à l'œuvre dans les débats de société : l'exemple de l'accident nucléaire de Fukushima dans les commentaires d'actualité sur le web." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU20118/document.
Full textThis thesis aims to contribute to the construction of a theoretical and methodological framework for the analysis of symbolic mediations which occur in the public sphere during public debates. Firstly, we discuss the epistemological conditions of a search for ideological forms shaped by the circulation of discourses. Secondly, we show that conversations about civil nuclear power among internet users on comment boards of online news websites are structured by a limited number of frames of intelligibility that we call "modes of apprehension". These modes of apprehension never occur in their canonic form: they only appear by fragments in the speech of individuals. Hence, an argumentative analysis of discourse can be used to rebuild them by reordering the multiple "topoï" in consistent and coherent universes of meaning. Bringing out these modes of apprehension, forged and perpetuated by the circulation of discourses, has three main interests : we highlight some of the symbolic mediations of the social communication about civil nuclear power after Fukushima ; we underline some of the main political and philosophical issues of the question ; and we examine some of the dominant ideological sedimentations of our modernity
Barratault, Marion. "L’invention philosophique de l’enseignement secondaire. Réformes et controverses dans les États-providence au XXe siècle." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040190.
Full textThis reflexion postulates a conceptual invention of secondary education which differs from a historical invention. The study of the debates which followed the development of reforms or laws on secondary education in welfare states, demonstrates that the twentieth century is the century of the philosophical invention of secondary education. This invention materializes in the formation of national models of secondary education. This work proposes to compare the French Republican model to the English liberal model, the nationalist German model, the idealistic italian model, the liberal model of the United States of America and the social democratic Finnish model. Throughout the twentieth century, these national models, with different cultural and ideological traditions, face,with common issues regarding the reception and education of adolescence. This reflexion extends to the entry into the twenty-first century, highlighting an international model of secondary education, which tends to influence – or even to dissolve – the national models. The successive processes of democratization and modernization, feminization and coeducation, equal opportunities and implementation of the comprehensive school, are interpreted as three phases of a philosophical invention of the secondary education and as three moments constituting national models of secondary education ; models which are in danger at entry into the twenty-first century
Haddad, Dolly. "La verve polémique dans les lettres de Voltaire de 1758 à 1770." Nice, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NICE2009.
Full textCentury of intellectual terror, of priest government, the eighteenth century also gave birth to a polemic voice that tries to free itself from its chains through a revolted polemic verve. Voltaire's correspondence relates an "engaged" philosopher armed with laughter, a philosopher in crusade against the enemy : the defenders of the royalty and the church, knights of an entity, sometimes concrete, sometimes abstract, the "infame" presented as the reverse of religion. This correspondence also reveals the risk which the polemicist encountered in campaign in the name of the reason and the preventive measures taken in order to escape repression. In this philosophical struggle lead religiously, Voltaire also attacks J. J. Rousseau. But this attack must not be detached from the fight against l'"infame". Indeed, by deserting the philosophical camp and by designating Voltaire in his famous "Lettres écrites de la montagne" as the author of an irreligious work, J. J. Rousseau fell
Mole, Frédéric. "L'école laïque pour une République sociale ? : crises et controverses dans la politique scolaire française, 1900-1914." Lyon 2, 2008. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2008/mole_f.
Full textThe school reforms of the Third Republic in France, in particular the secularisation of schools, initially rested on a relative consensus among the Republicans. But at the beginning of the 20th century, although this unity and strength was at their height, the deep internal dissensions within the republican camp could not be masked. Opposing the Conservatives, the Socialists, the Radical socialists and the primary school teacher trade unionists developed, in different ways, the idea that secular schooling from then on should convey new forms of social emancipation. In what ways did left-wing republican criticisms of the secular ideal contribute to this crisis ? How did the aim of a social Republic give rise to new conceptions of schooling ? How were hopes raised to believe that this institution could help overcome social conservatism and contribute to social justice ? The thesis, based mainly on a corpus of educational, unionist, and political periodicals as well as congress reports, explores the tensions and controversies within various networks. It examines the various conceptions of a democratic primary school: 1. An "école de la critique" – or a school of criticism – which would prepare pupils to be able to conceive and build a new social order ; 2. An "école des producteurs"– or a school for future production – which would adapt the school curriculum to the world of work and local realities; 3. An "école unique" or a unified school, which breaking away from the traditional divisions of primary and secondary schools, with would release the individual from his or her social origins. Finally, the thesis seeks to understand the political bases and the social aims of these conceptions, as well the inherent tensions
Volpe, Tony. "Science et théologie dans les débats savants de la seconde moitié du XVIIe siècle : la Genèse dans les Philosophical Transactions et le Journal des Savants (1665-1710)." Paris, EPHE, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EPHE5017.
Full textIn the 17th century, in the « Republic of Letters », the communication was facilitated by the foundation in 1665 of both first scientific periodicals: Journal des Savants in Paris and Philosophical Transactions on London. A statistical analysis in the fields of the astronomy, mathematics and physics, from 1665 until 1710, shows that both periodicals underwent a divergent evolution. Then their comparative study, through connections between the Genesis and the science, allows to analyse the difference between the French and English erudite circles in the reception of the works and in the perception of the ideas expressed there
Prokob, Emmanuel. "Enquête sur l'antagonisme franco-allemand dans l'histoire." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0100.
Full textA notable parallel is the starting point of the inquiry: the arguments used during the debate between Jiirgen Habermas and Michel Foucault in 1983 remind those of the controversy between French and German intellectuals during the first world war. The thus outlined antagonism belongs to the field of representations, it can be described by two specific features: first, at critical times the conflicting discourses tend to present themselves as "scientific", second, each of them claims to be the adequate representation of liberty that is at the base of all modern political and social legitimacy The antagonism recasts the problem of the representability of liberty that runs through the history of occidental thought. Transcending the borderlines between specific disciplines, i. E. Between humanities, social sciences, arts and literature, philosophy or theology, this problem calls for a genre of its own, the inquiry, defined and elaborated by this dissertation itself. Linked to that of the war controversy the study of the debate between Habermas and Foucault provides the means for this task: putting its findings directly into practice, the dissertation develops its own hermeneutic and produces the antagonism's frame of interpretation. Thereby the historical gap between both a peculiar German and French interpretation of liberty can be overcome
Bresson, Gillet Sylvie. "Participation citoyenne et agir communicationnel dans le cadre d'une création scientifique : étude des techniques et des processus de communication d'une médiation publique : le cas du débat public ITER en Provence." Nice, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NICE2014.
Full textIn the realm of science and techniques, where relations between knowledge and power are polarized, what are being played out today are the conditions for a communicative action specific to our contemporary situation. This study looks into the relations between knowledge and power as they arise from socio-technical controversies and more specifically into how they are handled through hybrid procedures. The issue here is to highlight the dialogue-based dimension of the procedure of public consultation (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor in Provence) as the prime focus for interactions, representations, meanings and norms that are intended both to secure support for the decision reached on the project under discussion and to usher in a new code of communication between state and citizens. In the context of informational issues and of debate within the knowledge society, the Information and Communication Sciences shed light from many angles on the communicative action surrounding the French public consultation procedure where what is involved is the power to influence and the capacity to persuade. Moreover, this approach provides a split-level vision of the state in its actions and interactions in the context of the multiple factors at stake in dialogue: themes, stages, actors, and citizens’ new expectations of the state. This study makes it easier to decipher these forms of expression and the ways of associating traditional actors and citizens in public actions involving socio-technical choices and identifies their meanings. The choice of subject therefore reveals the surge in power of normative mechanisms and of practices ordering relations between laymen and experts and ultimately between citizen and state
Dantas, Brandao Marcilio. "Le dit, le fait et le perçu : controverses, performances et changements dans l'arène de la marijuana." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0046/document.
Full textThis research was developed with the objective of understanding the conditions of emergency and uninterrupted continuity of the Marijuana March Movement in the city of Recife, Brazil. Such Movement has among its main hopes a change of rules related to marijuana. That being the case, the literature review on marijuana and social movements was one of the constituent elements of this work. The fieldwork was extended from 2012 to 2016, at the end of which the Marijuana March Movement increased the motivation of its action and became increasingly identified as an anti-prohibition movement, which means that its claims were amplified to seek the abolition of penalties for various other transactions. The text is divided into four parts which, in short, refer to theory and methods, controversies, performances and changes concerning marijuana. From the theoretical point, the research is based on a pragmatist perspective of public problems analysis. As for methods, participant observation is the main foundation of this research and, as a consequence, the ethnography of situations that compete for the organization, realization and defense of the focused collective action is a prominent element for the restitution of the results of this research. This public action was thematized under the performance metaphor. The biographical analysis and the documentary analysis are present in the work. Then, the conclusions allow us to summarize the long history of marijuana's controversies in Brazil and to expose the process of changing a collective claim that occupied the "place of the marijuana smoker" and moved to a "corridor of social movements". Finally, this thesis aims to demonstrate that the change of norms depends not only on what is said about a theme, but also on what is done and how people feel in trying to change the framework in which that theme is inserted
Esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida com o objetivo de compreender as condições de emergência e de continuidade ininterrupta do Movimento Marcha da Maconha na cidade de Recife, Brasil. Tal Movimento tem dentre seus principais anseios a mudança das normas relativas à maconha. Assim, a revisão da literatura acerca da maconha e dos movimentos sociais foi um dos elementos constitutivos do trabalho. A pesquisa de campo se estendeu pelo período de 2012 a 2016, ao fim do qual o Movimento Marcha da Maconha ampliou a motivação de sua ação e passou a ser cada vez mais identificado como um movimento antiproibicionista, o que siginifica que sua reivindicação foi ampliada e ele passou a almejar abolição de penas para diversas outras transações. O texto está dividido em quatro partes que, em suma, referem-se a teoria e métodos, controvérsias, performances e mudanças relativas à maconha. Do ponto de vista teórico, a pesquisa está baseada em uma perspectiva pragmatista de análise de problemas públicos. Quanto aos métodos, a observação participante é o principal alicerce da investigação e, em consequência, a etnografia de situações que competem para a organização, realização e defesa da ação coletiva enfocada é um elemento de destaque para a restituição dos resultados da pesquisa. Esta ação que se realiza em público foi tematizada sob a metáfora da performance. No trabalho, também foram empregadas a análise biográfica e a análise de documentos. Deste modo, as conclusões da pesquisa sintetizam a longa história de controvérsias sobre maconha no Brasil e expõem o processo de alteração de uma reivindicação coletiva que ocupava o “lugar de maconheiro” e passou ao “corredor dos movimentos sociais”. Finalmente, a tese busca demonstrar que a mudança de normas não depende apenas do que se diz sobre um tema, mas também do que se faz e de como as pessoas se sentem na tentativa de alterar o quadro em que o referido tema se insere
Rouveyrol, Laurent. "Etude pragmatique de la variation linguistique dans le débat politique médiatisé en anglais." Aix-Marseille 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX10042.
Full textNiogret, Philippe. "Débats idéologiques et esthétique romanesque en France pendant l'entre-deux guerres (1919-1939) dans les périodiques L'Art Libre, Europe, et Vendredi." Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040132.
Full textThis thesis explores the evolution of ideas and morals in France during the period between the First and Second World Wars (1919-1939) and their influence on the evolution of the novel, through analysis of three periodicals : L'Art Libre, Europe, and Vendredi. The following themes are addressed: the war and its consequences; the anxiety of the post-war generation and the attraction of the East; the evolution of morals and relations between men and women; the Catholic revival; the social and political involvement of writers. These changes are reflected in the novels of this period and they brought about a crisis concerning the novel because of the unanticipated departure from its traditionnal model, that model no longer being appropriate to the instability of the period. One distinguishes two trends among novelists of this period faced to this dilemma : one is to adapt the novel to its era, the other to envision a novel detached from its time in order to attain the essence of the human condition
Sarr, Ibrahima. "La démocratie en débats : L'élection présidentielle de l'an 2000 dans la presse quotidienne sénégalaise : Sémiologie d'une communication du politique : Perspectives pour une éducation aux médias." Paris 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA020016.
Full textSenor, Maria Selva. "La construction de la famille idéale : notions et représentations dans l'Argentine du XIXème siècle." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0036.
Full textThis thesis studies palamentary and juridical debates, as weil as literary representations which have contributed to give form both to the argentine Civil Code and to patterns of family life The projection of an ideal family model can be found that leaders of political argentine forces of XIXc try to impose as an instrument of national and social regulation
Bodt, Jean-Marie. "La "cité écologique" dans l'espace public médiatique : trajectoires de controverses environnementales dans la presse généraliste française." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU20037/document.
Full textIn order to participate in political decisions, following institutional processes or through the simple fact of opinion-forming, the informative media play a central role. With the contemporary ecological problems this kind of involvement is ever more needed. How are environmental issues interpreted and shaped by media discourses ? By studying the trajectories of two socio-technical controversies (shale gas and the nuclear power plant of Fessenheim) in the mainstream press (Le Monde and 20minutes) and in a larger range of newspapers, we explore how these are linked to different “forms of generalization”. By combining quantitative (lexicometric analysis) and qualitative (discourse analysis) methods, we reveal a dialogue between different “worlds of justification” (Boltanski and Thévenot, 1991) and search for the existence of an “ecological city” (Lafaye and Thévenot, 1993) in the media public sphere
Fortin, Gwénolé. "L'argumentation dans les débats politiques télévisés : négociations identitaires et co-construction d'un monde commun : d'une logique informationnelle à une sociolinguistique de l'action." Rennes 2, 2004. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00003942.
Full textUpdated on the agonistic mode, the broadcast political debate is stigmatized as much for its formal heavinesses as for its not authentic or deceitful character. It is a question here, without denying the conflicting dynamics, of adopting another perspective: consider that the confrontation is only a fact of surface and that it is more about a process of co-construction of the sense and about co-construction of a reality. To go out of the impasse into which plunged us the Platonic dichotomy (logos / doxa) - which appears historically as a line aiming at to discredit the speech of the sophists - I revisit the allegory of the Cave of Platon which builds, in the same movement, a certain idea of the Science (rational, neutral, objective) and a social and political world in the grip of the chaos. The effect of the truth does not result any more from the adequacy between the reality and the represented (theory of the sign and the informative logic) but of the co-incidence between two speeches which give shape to the reality, creates it (even retrospectively). The language is so envisaged as a political act: the instrument of the invention / negotiation of the world
Ligatto, María Dolores del Carmen. "Etude pragmatico-discursive du désaccord dans des corpus enregistrés à Buenos Aires." Paris 5, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA05H002.
Full textNon-agreement - non acceptance of a statement by a speaker- in a spon- taneous or provoked conversation can be accomplished according to various strategies. This speech act is mostly performed by certain constructions and connectors. The purpose of this analysis on a Spanish corpus is to explore these strategies and their performance. Non-agreement will be classified according to the way it is accomplished by speakers varying between the most evident to the least evident ways of performance
Terzi, Cédric. ""Qu'avez-vous fait de l'argent des juifs?" : problématisation et publicisation de la question "des fonds juifs et de l'or nazi" par la presse suisse, 1995-1998." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0097.
Full textBased on a large collection of newspaper articles, political discourses, historical inquiries and testimonies, this research analyzes the emergence of the role of Switzerland during the Second World War, more than fifty years after the end of the conflict, as a public problem to be discussed and treated in the banking, media, administrative, judicial, diplomatic, and political arenas. The second part is dedicated to the analysis of the frames of these issues, i. E. To the way their configuration organized media audiences and political publics. The third and last part relates how privates banks running secret negociations provided for the resolution of this public debate. This research proposes an empirical view of international relations processes usually named globalization, financiarisation and judiciarisation. Mainly, this detailed analysis leads on to unexpected and in some respect disconcerting results about democratic institutions in Switzerland
Mounet, Coralie. "Les territoires de l'imprévisible. Conflits, controverses et "vivre ensemble" autour de la gestion de la faune sauvage. Le cas du loup et du sanglier dans les Alpes françaises." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00207766.
Full textNadarajah, Kévin. "Engager les parties prenantes à adopter une posture d’ouverture dans un débat sur la transition énergétique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Rennes 2, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022REN20060.
Full textAnthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions are recognized as one of the main factors contributing to global warming. One of the solutions put forward is to mobilize technologies that will allow a significant amount of CO2 to be captured. However, these projects affecting the subsurface are raising more and more questions from civil society stakeholders. Thus, in these projects, the spaces for dialogue are the scene of conflicts that can crystallize and stop the debate dead in its tracks. In order for the debate to promote mutual understanding and constructive exchanges, we propose to accompany the debate to encourage the commitment of each of the stakeholders to participate by adopting a posture of openness. To achieve this objective, two research axes were mobilized : 1) to engage the parties to come to the debate by adopting a posture of openness and (2) to structure the exchanges between stakeholders during the debate by creating a social context that favors the effective implementation of openness behaviors. The results have shown the relevance of Repeated Acquiescence to develop participation and prepare stakeholders to adopt an open-minded attitude, and the interest of cooperative controversy to allow individuals to adopt an open-minded attitude. The results of this thesis contribute to the literature on the accompaniment of major projects related to the energy transition by proposing paths of analysis and action to accompany the debates between stakeholders
Caillat, Domitille. "Le discours rapporté dans les débats politiques télévisés : formes et fonctions des recours au discours autre : le cas des débats de l'entre-deux-tours des présidentielles françaises (1974-2012)." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/247536.
Full textGrounded in the framework of the discourse-in-interaction analysis, this work analyses the forms and functions of reported speech within the six second-round debates of the French presidential election taking place in France between 1974 and 2012. Its object is to precisely determine the purpose of reported speech (which one might think that it is not truly constitutive of the genre) within these interactions in which candidates’main aims are self-promotion and the opponent depreciation.By analysing in details the almost four hundreds extracts recorded in the corpus, our work shows that reported speeches aim, depending on their place within the exchanges, their source (the opponent, a third party or the speaker) and their propositional content, three different purposes we can consider as self-promotion, defence and argument — these purposes can be furthermore supported by some para- and non-verbal elements (voice movements, facial expression, posture, eye expression and gesture deployed at the same time).Following an initial intuition, this study reveals that not only reported speeches serve the candidates’ main goals during debates, but also, depending on their source, they assure different and complementary functions (functions serving the dynamic within the exchanges and the construction of a speech in confrontation, functions exclusively argumentative, or also functions relating to the debates global purpose).
Doctorat en Langues et lettres
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Kern, Émile. "Représentations et images contrastées de Napoléon dans les commémorations : de 1869 à 2009." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON30093/document.
Full textBetween 1869 and 2009 Napoleon Bonaparte was much commemorated through cultural events to celebrate the great periods of his life and his political or military career. Those commemorations took place within various national and international contexts. Under the reign of Napoleon the Third, there was a certain indifference, not to say a lot of reluctance to honor the founder of the dynasty, in a difficult context for the Emperor of the Second Empire. During the Third Republic that interest for Napoleon went from a restrained commitment to a very strong undeniably during the bicentenary of his birth in 1969. As for the other bicentenaries between 1993 and 2009, there were times of disinterest alternating with times of tension like that caused by the controversies in 2005, and also times of increased publishing. Napoleon can therefore be seen as a historical character, who cannot be easily commemorated, in a country where he still stands as a very important person in the cultural scene and that even two hundred years after he resigned
Crépin-Obert, Patricia. "Construction de problèmes et obstacles épistémologiques à propos du concept de fossile : étude épistémologique comparative entre des situations de débat à l'école primaire et au collège et des controverses historiques du XVIIe au XIXe siècle." Phd thesis, Nantes, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NANT3002.
Full textCrépin-Obert, Patricia. "Construction de problèmes et obstacles épistémologiques à propos du concept de fossile : étude épistémologique comparative entre des situations de débat à l'école primaire et au collège et des controverses historiques du XVIIe au XIXe siècle." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00493027.
Full textLouvel, Romain. "La provocation expérimentale : étude consacrée à la provocation expérimentale dans l'art et à son usage dans une pratique artistique." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00552030.
Full textJobin, Bernard. "La mobilisation du concept de bien commun par des étudiantes et des étudiants du collégial dans une discussion portant sur une controverse sociotechnique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28037/28037.pdf.
Full textGachkov, Serguei. "La politique et l'histoire dans la philosophie francaise face au socialisme réel dans l'après-guerre (J.-P. Sartre, C. Castoriadis et C. Lefort)." Thesis, Poitiers, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012POIT5006/document.
Full textThe philosophy of Marxism had a very strong influence in the Post-war France. The discussions about Marxism are inseparable from the existence of USSR, the country that pretended to have realized the socialism in its social life. We mean by politics a collective action with the view of transformation of society by public discussions and by emancipation. In this sense, politics has never been developed both in so-called socialist countries and in capitalist countries. At the same time, we think that French philosophers of Left have considerably contributed to renew the socialist thought. Ones of them joined French communist party; others like Jean-Paul Sartre became Fellow Travelers. Some intellectuals like Cornelius Castoriadis and Claude Lefort wanted to create independent political groups. They criticized the politics of the Stalinist PCF and the Trotskyist PCI. The crisis of the « real socialism » and the anti-bureaucratic struggles in Eastern Europe and the discovery of the truth about Soviet labor camps resulted in exodus of French intellectuals from PCF. Some of them envisioned a perspective of democratic revolution against totalitarianism. The aim of our work is demonstrate that this revolution can be done only by emancipation of working people, especially through learning about the experience of discussions of the intellectuals
Luneau, Aymeric. "Militants et riverains dans la dynamique des causes environnementales : approche sociologique des syndromes d'hypersensiblilité chimique." Paris, EHESS, 2015. https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01143362.
Full textOn the 19th of October 2010, an article of Chemical Sensitivity Network reported that a child "with MCS had said: 'I wish I had a cancer because at least my condition would be recognized. '" This quote in itself could summarize this thesis, which concerns the social conditions in which spaces of debate on chemical-related environmental problems can arise. My work relies on a study of three environmental health problems. The first problem is related to the use of perchloroethylene in laundries for dry cleaning. The question which the second problem deals with concerns the health impacts of the pollution around the etang de Berre, an industrial area near Marseilles. The third problem refers to the controversy over the reality of "Multiple Chemical Syndrome", an "environmental disease" which emerged at the beginning of the 1980s. The analysis of these three issues has made it possible to grasp the way in which a collective dynamic has formed from the investigations that the residents, the sick persons, the victims, their close relations, physicians and public authorities have undertaken to understand some singular experiences and to resolve their doubts. Through these investigations, the actors question facts, previously taken for granted; they take part in defining the problem, and they create spaces of debate about the relationship between chemicals and health. I show that conflict drives this process
Bardon, Aurélia. "Les arguments religieux dans la discussion politique : une théorie de la justification publique." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014IEPP0011.
Full textThis dissertation focuses on the role of faith-based reasoning in political discussion, and more specifically on the compatibility of public religious arguments with liberal and democratic premises regarding the justification of political decisions, i.e. decisions made in the name of the state. Public justification is a requirement of legitimacy in liberal democracy: but under which conditions is a decision publicly justified? Are all arguments valid? Religious arguments are often considered with suspicion: they are particular, therefore convincing for only some citizens and rejected by others. It seems unfair, for those who do not share religious beliefs, to use these arguments to justify political decisions. The same objection, however, is also true for many other non-religious arguments, like utilitarian arguments or liberal arguments themselves.The purpose of the dissertation is to examine different strategies aiming to justify the exclusion of certain arguments, and then to offer a new model of political discussion. The claim defended is that absolutist arguments, meaning arguments that are based on the recognition of the existence of an extra-social source of normative validity, do not respect the requirements of public justification and consequently should be excluded from political discussion. The distinction between absolutist and non-absolutist arguments does not overlap with the distinction between religious and secular arguments: it thus cannot be argued that all religious arguments should always be excluded, or that they could always be included
Hermant, Héloïse. "Guerre de plumes et campagnes d'opinion : résistance et dissidence dans l'Espagne de Charles II (1665-1679)." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0050.
Full textFrom 1665 to 1679 quill pen wars surround Juan José of Austria. He appears both as the mastermind and the victim of these wars. The intricate relation between quill pen wars and the political ascent of this prince is obvious. After the first war he becomes general vicar of Aragon and after the last one he becomes Prime minister In both cases he obtains the exile of the valido. Don Juan's aim is not as much the fall of the valido as the ability to portray himself as the defender of the common good in order to seize power. This study analyses political practices allowing for resistance without direct disobedience. These practices are built upon the modes of action enabled by the written form. Quill pen wars create a polemical arena in which texts are articulated following dynamics that are exploited by don Juan to bargain his place at the court. More, the juanists broaden the contours of the political public, transform power practices and unsettle paradigms of the political culture
Beuve, Francois xavier. "Problématisation, investigations et apprentissages dans les sciences de la vie. : Etude didactico-pédagogique des conditions de possibilité pour des investigations empiriques problématisantes, dans deux domaines biologiques : nutrition et reproduction végétales." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMC010/document.
Full textFor several years now, and with reference to the rationalist epistemology of Bachelard, Canguilhem and Popper, the relationship between problem, scientific knowledge and learning is the focus of extensive educational research. Language holds a first choice place at the heart of this interaction, which explains more particularly the importance given to scientific debate, and whose representation of the outcome, in terms of problematizing activity, is enabled by creating “spaces of constraints and needs”, which build on the fundamental distinction of an empirical thesaurus and the thesaurus of the model [or the models], and also on the equally fundamental distinction of the apodictic and assertoric, that is what is the contingency and the necessary. Furthermore, though the scientific debate seems centered around the construction of the problem at stake, another question is raised, within the conceptual framework of problematization that we mobilize, the very function of empirical investigations, according to their own structure : are still involved in the construction of the problem at stake and, where appropriate, under what conditions ? Based on these recent findings, this research work aims at the conceptualization, the implementation and the analysis of two teaching-learning science sequence, in a class of year 9 and 10, so as to highlight some elements which may participate in the scientific case of problematization to be surveyed, more particularly in the articulation of the construction to solve the problem at stake
Cohen, Corentin. "Politiques des images dans les conflits armés contemporains : cas de l’insurrection de Boko Haram et de la violence urbaine liée au Primeiro Comando da Capital à Sao Paulo." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017IEPP0043.
Full textThis thesis aims at understanding the visual dimension of contemporary armed conflicts. To do so it presents empirical datas on the pictures, their production, circulation and reception during two armed conflicts. The first case is the urban conflict around drug trafficking and the Primeiro Comando da Capital in Sao Paulo. The second one is the Boko Haram insurgency in Nigeria, Chad and Cameroon. This approach shows that contemporary conflicts are entangled in controversies about their meaning and definition. The actors of theses conflicts try to impose their own framing and their interpretation of the conflict using pictures. When the actors do not produce images, they are forced to advance some interpretations of the pictures. To identify the role of images in controversies relating to armed conflicts the thesis develops two concepts. The first one is the « regime d’images ». It underlines the modes of functionment of these images and makes it possible to explain their power over the controversies. This concept is used to show the different dynamics in the two cases. Regarding the Boko Haram insurgency, one of the « regime d’image » contributed to the internationalization of the conflict. In Sao Paulo the regimes of images reinforce the different positions of the actors in the controversy. The thesis also develops the idea of aesthetic capital of armed groups. This aesthetic capital can be transformed into military capital. We validate this hypothesis showing how this capital worked for the PCC and Boko Haram. The two groups are forced to adopt the visual codes and the aesthetic of the Islamic State to manifest their political antagonism
Damasceno, Morais Rubens. "Le prix de la douleur : Gestion des désaccords entre magistrats, dans un tribunal brésilien de seconde instance." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO20045.
Full textThis thesis aims to describe the mechanisms of disagreement management among judges in a court of Brazil. The source of the analyzes will be some discussions between judges, audio recorded, always in Second Instance. The focus of the research is the moment of (re)definition of the value of compensation (or the so-called « price of pain » / pretium doloris) to be paid in cases of moral damage. Thus, after plunging in texts related to theories of argumentation (Aristotle, Ducrot, Grize, Toulmin among others), to strictly legal argumentation (Atienza, Perelman, Cornu among others), to the theories of verbal interaction (Goffman, Kerbrat-Orecchioni, Traverso among others) and also the theories related to the study of emotions in the context of argumentative interaction (Plantin), this research presents four analytical parts in which, through meticulously descriptive work, we propose to examine the way that judges, when to judge controversial cases, combine reason and emotion to their justifications. Thus, we proceed to an inventory of the criteria used by judges, some very original, and that make particularly interesting the moment of defining the quantum debeatur (or, if you prefer, the ad quantum). As we will see, the magistrates will also use non-legal criteria (« nonlegalist factors »), in this endeavor, at the time of integrating to the strictly legal arguments some arguments related to their own personal experiences, without, thereby, disqualifying the handed down verdicts. In fact, and as we will note, the time of definition of pretium doloris is still quite controversial, according to Brazilian jurists (Reis, Cahali among others).We also examine the mechanisms of attenuating disagreements, used by magistrates in times of conflict (stase), always trying to unveil the strategic and rhetoric sides of such attitudes. Thus, taking into account the richness and diversity of the so called « formulas of politeness », in in the use of expressions such as data venia or in the use of modalizers, among others, we discover the unique and effective ways that magistrates find to deal with conflict of opinions among them, during deliberations. Thus, we will highlight the strategy of « dissonant agreement » observed in some sessions and that, as we show, indicates a kind of « argumentative colonization » of speeches given by the judges. We also highlight an important mechanism used in times of conflict, to which we gave the name of argumentative inverter. Such a device allows a magistrate invert in 180º the decision of the Magistrate of First Instance, for example, in addition to helping us understand how the irreversible disagreement (stase irréversible) ranks among the expert judges.The analyzes also show, from case studies, how the argumentative assimilation works, an argumentative-interactional phenomenon that emerges in times of reversible conflict (stase réversible) among judges. Such manifestation will allow us to check how a judge can convince / persuade another in moments of controversy and disagreement between them. Finally, we show how the argument from personal experience works, a typical agument of the COURT corpus (the name of the corpus we adopted), widely used by judges and which gives a rhetorical touch to the more technical arguments, in moments of deliberations; particularly in the moment of qualification of an action as illegal
Baya-Laffite, Nicolas. "Gouverner par la promesse du développement durable : évaluation d'impact environnemental et meilleures techniques disponibles dans le conflit des usines de pâte à papier sur le fleuve Uruguay." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0078.
Full textWhat does it imply to govern through the concept of sustainable development the sitting of polluting industries in developing countries? To answer this question, the thesis traces, in an STS approach, a history of the govemment of the globalization of the paper industry since the 1980s. The inquiry focuses on the instruments to achieve the promise of sustainable development, including environmental impact assessment and the best available techniques. Building on the narrative as a methodology adapted to the analysis of collective action, the thesis follows the trajectories of the controversies about manufacturing technologies of pulp and their impacts on the environment, from their origins in Europe and the United States to the banks of the River Uruguay. The case of pulp mills on the River Uruguay in the 2000s offers the opportunity to study the confiieting confluence of larger trajectories: the globalization of the paper industry, the forestry development in Uruguay, the conflict between Uruguay and Argentina around the good government of the River Uruguay and the approach of the International Court of Justice to the resolution of environmental disputes. Thus, starting from this récent case of a rare richness, the thesis offers an original analysis, focused on the structural constraints, of struggles that unfold in a large number of local, national, international and transnational arenas around controversial projects and in the light of that empty political signifier they seek substantiate : sustainable development
Mabi, Clément. "Le débat CNDP et ses publics à l'épreuve du numérique : entre espoirs d'inclusion et contournement de la critique sociale." Thesis, Compiègne, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014COMP2148/document.
Full textThe goal of this thesis is to study public debate as organized by the Commission of Public Debate (Commision Nationale du Débat Public – CNDP), and more specifically how they have employed digital solutions to “augment” the traditional channels of public participation. The manuscript is a work of Information and Communication Sciences and analyzes the role of the mediating technological devices, their configuration, and the public commons that they create. More precisely, we will discuss the technological choices that were made during the organization of the debate and to what degree these choices help or hinder the public to express their relationship and their point of view to the object of debate. Approaching the discussion in this manner will require an in depth understanding of the public’s line of concern and degree of investment. At the center of our investigation, we have designed a methodology that allows for the comparison of digital forums of debate to their traditional counterparts. This has been put into practice through three case studies : first, the debate Ivry Paris-XIII regarding the modernization of the municipality’s waste incinerator ; another on the wind farm in the “Mer des Deux Côtes” ; and finally, the debate concerning the project CIGEO, the landfill for nuclear waste in Bure, France. The main contribution of this thesis is to show that regardless of how the process is organized, the public debate depends more or less to the subject of debate. The medium through which the debate takes place shares the same quality : even if technological platforms for debate may sometime bring hope for a fair argumentation, it can just as easily be abused so as to mischaracterized the true nature of the public’s grievances. In these cases, we show how a form of digital governmentality will arise to expel the most radical ideas so that the debate can go on, nonetheless
Carmona, Bernard. "Formation transdisciplinaire, trajet anthropologique et tradition tibétaine : Recherche sur l'ingenium de la pratique du débat dans l'Ecole Gelugpa." Thesis, Tours, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOUR2007.
Full textOur research focuses on the analysis of a specific process of learning: The concept of ingegno by the Neapolitan philosopher Giambattista Vico: The practice of the debate of the Gelugpa School of Tibetan Buddhism. In the first section, through an anthropology of its gesture and its imagination, we present the deployment of ingegno and transdisciplinary dimension of this traditional practice of education. In the second section, we use the tool AT9 to do a hermeneutic reading from the imagination of the Tibetan monks in the process of discussions. Through the projections themselves, that constitute the AT9 realized, we looked for traces of projections of learning and their transdisciplinary dimension. It is concluded, or rather offered to the transdisciplinary practitioners, the debate of a transforming tool of the transdisciplinary training practices, such as ours have been transformed during the course of our learning researcher
Zschalich, Florian. "Le cadrage des débats linguistiques dans la presse anglophone et francophone au Québec : un clivage médiatique? : analyse de la couverture du projet de loi 14." Thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/25431.
Full textIt is generally believed that media messages influence the perceptions of audiences. Thus, they contribute to identity formation and to social cohesion. However, research in Canada has often found discrepancies in coverage by Quebec and English-Canadian media. This media divide has been suspected of amplifying the differences between the two communities. Yet, research on the differences between the Francophone and the Anglophone press in Quebec is limited. This thesis poses the question whether a linguistic divide also exists in the Quebec media landscape. For this purpose, we identified the frames mobilized by French- and English-language newspapers. We understand frames as interpretative schemata proposed by the media to make sense of news events. To verify our hypothesis that frames differ in the English and French language media of Quebec, we analyzed the coverage of Bill 14 by ten newspapers during 50 weeks. Using a mixed method, which combined a computer-assisted and a qualitative analysis using Van Gorp’s (2005) frame matrix, we identified linguistic, social, political, pragmatic and sovereignist frames. Our results show that four of these frames were used by both French- and English-language newspapers and that the media partially took up discourses from the other language community. However, the two groups prefer different frames and articulate them differently. The rapprochement of Anglophone and Francophone media in Quebec is thus limited, among other things, by diverging historic experiences and activism by community newspapers.