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Journal articles on the topic 'Debt planning'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Nielsen, Soren, and Rolf Poulsen. "Planning Your Own Debt." European Financial Management 8, no. 2 (2002): 193–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-036x.00184.

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Afanasiev, Mst, and I. Krivogov. "Management of Equation of the Federal Budget: Foreign Debt to Russia." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 4 (April 20, 2005): 4–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2005-4-4-22.

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The quality of state budget planning and implementation process is directly connected with issues of management of foreign state debt and foreign financial assets. The article analyzes legal regulation of foreign debt management issues in Russia, the structure of its public debt and debt of foreign states to Russia. Possible schemes of debt restructuring including write-off, buy-back, several types of conversion and securitization are described. Principles of foreign debt settlement and Russia's participation in the Paris Club are presented. The article also deals with practical problems of se

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Zurlo, Karen, and Zibei Chen. "The Effects of Gender and Marital Status on Accrued Debt in Retirement Planning." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (2021): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.930.

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Abstract The effects of gender and marital status on accrued debt in retirement planning becomes an urgent concern because unmarried women face greater financial challenges in retirement than their counterparts. This study used data from the National Financial Capability Study (NFCS), designed by FINRA. We identified debt that influences retirement planning among a sample of pre-retirees, aged 51 to 61 years, and consider the associations of gender, marital status, debt, and retirement planning. Our results indicated that mortgage debt and credit card debt were negatively associated with retir

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Steeves, Christopher J., and Kathryn Walker. "Corporate Tax Planning: Strategies for Troubled Times, Again." Canadian Tax Journal/Revue fiscale canadienne 69, no. 1 (2021): 279–333. http://dx.doi.org/10.32721/ctj.2021.69.1.ctp.

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This article addresses income tax issues associated with the various strategies that corporations can employ in response to economic difficulties, focusing on debt-restructuring techniques and tax consequences for debtors. First, the article discusses the tax effects of the most fundamental debt-restructuring issues—interest deductibility and the deductibility of planning costs. Second, considering the out-of-court approaches to debt restructuring, the article examines the tax consequences that may arise where a debtor company and its creditors are able to agree on accommodations that will pro

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Chen, Zibei, and Karen Zurlo. "THE ROLE OF SECURED AND UNSECURED DEBT IN RETIREMENT PLANNING AMONG PRE-RETIREES." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (2019): S382—S383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.1404.

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Abstract The retirement landscape is transformed by the shifting of risk and responsibility to individuals, who are increasingly responsible for their retirement security. Many factors lead to indebted and overleveraged American households. Specifically, nearly 40% of Americans approaching retirement are heavily indebted. Understanding the role of secured and unsecured debt in retirement planning becomes an urgent concern because debt is highly related to well-being in retirement among a growing number of older Americans. We focus on pre-retirees because these individuals have time to earn an

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Li, Guanyu. "Study on the Debt Repayment Ability of Real Estate Enterprises: Taking Jiangsu Tianyuan as an Example." Frontiers in Business, Economics and Management 10, no. 3 (2023): 60–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/fbem.v10i3.11213.

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With the changing economic situation in recent years, real estate companies, as the backbone of the industry in China, face increasingly fierce market environments. In order to ensure long-term survival, accurately predicting the future development and trends of the company is crucial. The ability to repay debts plays a vital role in this regard. This paper primarily analyzes and summarizes the debt repayment issues of Jiangsu Tianyuan Real Estate in its current operational development phase. Specifically, it addresses the problems of low financial leverage, unreasonable debt structure, and in

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Dayı, Faruk, and Issa Rajab Ali Mousa. "Financial Sustainability of Football Clubs: An Evaluation of Debts of Four Major Clubs in Türkiye." İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi 14, no. 2 (2025): 807–24. https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.1655900.

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The four major football clubs have consistently incurred losses each year because their revenues insufficiently cover their expenses. As these losses have accumulated over time, equity has steadily declined. The abnormal increase in accumulated losses has led to a negative equity position. Instead of financing their assets with equity, the clubs have had to rely on debt to finance not only their assets but also their negative equity. The deterioration of the financial structure of the four major football clubs has resulted in increased borrowing, leading to higher principal and interest paymen

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Harker, Christopher. "Debt space: Topologies, ecologies and Ramallah, Palestine." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 35, no. 4 (2017): 600–619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263775816686973.

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Debt is widely conceived as temporal – present consumption bought with future labour. This paper advances conceptualisations of debt by incorporating the active role space plays in creating, maintaining and undermining debt relations. Debts are topological binds – a particular kind of spatial connection, which are entangled with topographic spaces to produce debt ecologies. This argument is developed by tracing the creation, maintenance and/or destruction of spatial connections between different people, communities, institutions and sites in the Palestinian conurbation of Ramallah – Al Bireh.

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Sonawane, Tejas, Vatsalya Tiwari, and Dania Shah. "Kuber: An AI-Driven Finance Management Solution Integrating Generative LLMs for Personalized Advisory." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 13, no. 4 (2025): 3752–57. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.69138.

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Abstract: Kuber is a personalized finance management platform that leverages artificial intelligence to deliver tailored financial advice. This paper presents the design and evaluation of Kuber, focusing on its AI-driven advisory engine (using Google’s Gemini model) and finance management methodology. The system collects a user’s financial information – income, expenses, debts, assets, and goals – and generates customized recommendations for budgeting, saving, debt repayment, and investment. Using advanced AI capabilities for data analysis and natural language generation, Kuber bridges the gap

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Zainal, Nor Rashidah, and Norlia Ismail. "Debt Composition of University Graduates and their Attitude towards Education Loan." Journal of ASIAN Behavioural Studies 2, no. 4 (2017): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/jabs.v2i4.205.

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A worrying trend in the Malaysian higher education environment is that students graduating not only with diplomas or degrees of their disciplines but also with debts. Graduates with debts becomes a serious issue when loan but also other debts that they create since entering the job market. This paper examines the debt composition of 186 graduates and their attitudes towards education loans. The education debt-to-income ratio is found to be in the range of 1.8 percent to 12 percent; where a ratio beyond 8 percent is deemed unsafe. Keywords: graduate debts; education loan; debt-to-income r

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11

Alfaro, Laura, and Fabio Kanczuk. "Debt Maturity: Is Long-Term Debt Optimal?" Review of International Economics 17, no. 5 (2009): 890–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9396.2009.00851.x.

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12

De Cesari, Chiara. "Rooting debt." Dialogues in Human Geography 12, no. 2 (2022): 328–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20438206221075703a.

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13

Warlenius, Rikard. "Decolonizing the Atmosphere: The Climate Justice Movement on Climate Debt." Journal of Environment & Development 27, no. 2 (2017): 131–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1070496517744593.

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A central concept raised by the climate justice movement is climate debt. Here, the claims and warrants of the movement support for climate debt is identified through an argumentation analysis of their central manifestos. It is found that the climate debt claim is understood as primarily restorative, in the sense that the environmental space of the developing countries must be returned, “decolonized.” The damage caused by climate change also gives rise to a compensatory adaptation debt. The result is compared with an earlier study on ecological debt. Both concepts are framed within an unjust p

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Koblyk, Ihor I. "Assessing the Debt Sustainability of Territorial Communities in Ukraine." Business Inform 9, no. 548 (2023): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2023-9-221-226.

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The article examines the essence of debt sustainability of territorial communities. The main factors of influence on ensuring the debt sustainability of territorial communities are considered, among which are: financial support for the functioning of local self-government bodies; infrastructure development; social protection of the community’s population; confidence on the part of investors. The conditions that ensure the debt sustainability of the local budget are defined as follows: rational financial planning; effective cost management; rational management of debt obligations; stability of

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15

Pettifor, Ann. "Tackling Debt." Development 43, no. 2 (2000): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.development.1110143.

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Miller, Julie, Samantha Brady, Alexa Balmuth, Lisa D’Ambrosio, and Joseph Coughlin. "Repaying Student Loan Debt: Implications for Older Women’s Financial Well-Being and Retirement Planning." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (2020): 695. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.2434.

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Abstract Previous research demonstrates that student loan debt disproportionately affects women and is being repaid increasingly by older adults. Utilizing data collected through a mixed methods study at the MIT AgeLab (involving focus groups and a large national survey), we examine the impacts of repaying student loans on older women’s financial wellbeing. Findings focus on multiple areas, including the timing in which older women repaying student loans were able to pay down other debts, change jobs, get married, and pursue further education. Analysis also revealed that student loans impacted

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17

Joyce Hwee-Nga Koe and Ken Kyid Yeoh. "Factors Influencing Financial Planning for Marriage amongst Young Malaysian Couples." International Journal of Business and Society 22, no. 1 (2021): 33–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/ijbs.3161.2021.

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Financial planning for marriage contributes to happier, more satisfying and longer-lasting unions. However, there is increasing evidence that young Malaysian couples are burdened by excessive debts and have a tendency to overspend on their wedding. Based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour, the current study investigates key factors — financial literacy, attitude towards money, attitude towards debt, financial goals and social influence — that are likely to influence the degree of financial planning for marriage undertaken by married and soon-to-be-married couples. The study also examines the m

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18

Cornelisse, Peter A., and Elma Van De Mortel. "Public and Private Net Savings in Developing Countries: Some Empirical Tests for the Period 1972-88 (Distinguishedl Lecture)." Pakistan Development Review 31, no. 4I (1992): 431–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v31i4ipp.431-447.

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The severe shocks that rocked the world economy in the 1970s and the ensuing efforts to adjust and to renew economic growth have had a profound effect on the economic literature. Especially the external and public debt problems which reached critical dimensions in many countries attracted much attention. Thus, in the field of macroeconomics financial issues have gained more prominence over the last two decades. Studies relating to the fiscal deficit have been particularly numerous. The critical size of national public debts, the contribution of the public debt to external debt, the reduced con

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19

Wong, Rachel, Patricia Ng, John Bonino, Alda Maria Gonzaga, and Alexandra E. Mieczkowski. "Financial Attitudes and Behaviors of Internal Medicine and Internal Medicine–Pediatrics Residents." Journal of Graduate Medical Education 10, no. 6 (2018): 639–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4300/jgme-d-18-00015.1.

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ABSTRACT Background Residents graduate from medical school with increasing levels of debt and also may possess poor financial knowledge and practices. Prior studies have assessed resident financial knowledge and interest in financial education, yet additional information regarding their attitudes about personal finance and financial planning could be essential for the development of relevant curricula. Objective We assessed baseline financial attitudes and planning behaviors of internal medicine and internal medicine–pediatrics residents in 3 geographically diverse academic programs. Methods A

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20

Colom-Piella, Guillem. "A New Debt Burden for Spain’s Defence Planning." RUSI Journal 164, no. 7 (2019): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03071847.2019.1700685.

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21

Stichler, Jaynelle F. "Capital Planning and Debt Financing in Uncertain Times." HERD: Health Environments Research & Design Journal 3, no. 1 (2009): 38–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/193758670900300105.

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22

Aizenman, Joshua. "External debt, planning horizon, and distorted credit markets." Journal of International Money and Finance 9, no. 2 (1990): 138–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0261-5606(90)90027-w.

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23

James Harold G. Gaffud, John Andrei C. Valenzuela, Xeline Mae Bayaua, Mark M. Sotto, and Keyzer Lane D. Sanchez. "CRY FROM WITHIN: THE LIVED EXPERIENCES OF SME OWNERS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC." International Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities (IJSSH) 8, no. 2 (2023): 87–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.58885/ijssh.v08i2.87.jg.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has widely diverse effects on businesses worldwide, particularly Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) that began with debt and continue to operate with debt. Before the outbreak, SMEs have already difficulties managing their existing debts. Hence, this study was designed to identify the debt management strategies of SMEs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Qualitative-narratology research design was employed. In order to gather data, the researchers utilized semi-structured, in-depth interview to a sample of 10 SMEs owners from Santiago City selected through purposive sampling.

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24

Furlong, Kathryn. "Spacing sovereign debt." Dialogues in Human Geography 12, no. 2 (2022): 331–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20438206221075703b.

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25

Rybczynski, Tadeusz. "Developing countries' debt." Round Table 76, no. 302 (1987): 154–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00358538708453803.

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26

PAIN, NIGEL, MARTIN WEALE, and GARRY YOUNG. "Sustainable public debt." New Economy 4, no. 2 (1997): 78–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0041.1997.tb00177.x.

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27

Chen, Rongda, Zexi Li, Liyuan Zeng, Congcong Wang, and Daoyou Wu. "Local government debt risk assessment and future borrowing planning in the process of urbanization." Filomat 30, no. 15 (2016): 3933–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fil1615933c.

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With the deepening of new urbanization, local government debt risk in China is accumulating and amplifying. This paper first constructs local government debt risk index system and utilizes factor analysis to calculate the overall debt risk interval. Secondly, this paper builds a micro cash flow model based on genetic algorithm to estimate the reasonable scale of future borrowing under the cash flow constraint and risk index constraints. The objective is to achieve the optimal disposable revenue of local government. The model not only estimates the total borrowing scale, but also forms the diff

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Mahesh, Shreyas, Dr Kiran Kumar M, and Sneha Kumari. "Navigating Student Loans: Financial Planning Strategies for Reducing Long-Term Debt among Students." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, no. 11 (2024): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem39183.

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To find practical ways to reduce long-term debt and improve financial stability, this study examines financial planning techniques used by students and recent graduates who are managing student loans. This study gathers information on loan amounts, repayment schedules, money management techniques, and the perceived influence of student loans on future financial objectives through a mixed-methods survey that is dispersed throughout different educational levels and institution types. While qualitative responses reveal a variety of debt management techniques, quantitative analysis offers informat

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Harris, Dylan M. "Millions Owe Trillions." ACME 22, no. 6 (2024): 1398–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1109048ar.

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<p>Millions of students in the United States are saddled with trillions of dollars in debt. The debt crisis is a behemoth, though, importantly, it is not monolithic. Experiences of student debt are unequal and uneven, and it is critical to study them as such to address them. There are many organizations bringing attention to the student debt crisis; however, there are surprisingly few institutions dedicated to studying it. Further, there are few studies that link the student debt crisis to other competing, nested crises of the present (e.g., climate change). Using theories of debt and in

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Hüther, Michael. "Ein gesamtstaatlicher „Transformations- und Infrastrukturfonds“ zur Stabilisierung der Schuldenbremse." Wirtschaftsdienst 104, no. 1 (2024): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/wd-2024-0008.

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Abstract With its judgement on the federal budget, the German Federal Constitutional Court has thrown the government’s financial planning into disarray. Important public investments are at stake, as the debt brake sets tight limits for the treasury and debt-financed shadow budgets. But the green transition requires public investment as the time horizons are short and the investment risk for technologies and international competition is high. A transformation and infrastructure fund (TIF) anchored in the constitution, combined with planning accelerations should be established in order to financ

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Carlson, Mary Bell, Sonya L. Britt, and Briana Nelson Goff. "Health Information Search and Retirement Planning." Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning 26, no. 1 (2015): 30–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1052-3073.26.1.30.

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The purpose of this study was to examine factors associated with a composite measure of financial behaviors among soldiers. Using primary data from a sample of soldiers before deploying to a war zone, results suggest that past behaviors and some personal factors play a significant role in soldiers' financial behaviors. Personal factors, such as high levels of subjective financial knowledge, higher self-mastery, and lower levels of financial anxiety, all had positive effects on financial behaviors. Soldiers with any amount of credit card debt had worse financial behaviors compared to soldiers w

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32

Feng, Xingyuan. "Local Government Debt and Municipal Bonds in China: Problems and a Framework of Rules." Copenhagen Journal of Asian Studies 31, no. 2 (2014): 23–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/cjas.v31i2.4332.

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Local governments in China are facing heavy debt burdens, a low level of fiscal transparency and a lack of constraints by local democracy. Since 2008, local government debts have skyrocketed. This article analyses the current state and features of local government debts and the two kinds of 'quasi municipal bonds' in China—urban investment bonds and local government bonds—along with their problems and risks. It examines the risks connected with local government debts and these bonds from the perspectives of public finance and political economy. It concludes with a discussion of a framework of

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Culas, Richard J. "Debt and Deforestation." Journal of Developing Societies 22, no. 4 (2006): 347–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0169796x06071524.

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34

Bilquees, Faiz. "An Analysis of Budget Deficits, Debt Accumulation, and Debt Instability." Pakistan Development Review 42, no. 3 (2003): 177–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v42i3pp.177-195.

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In Pakistan all the macro indicators have been adversely affected by the persistently high deficits and the strategy adopted to finance them in the last two decades. The excessive domestic borrowing at high rates to finance deficits without any attempts at domestic resource mobilisation and controlling of the deficits over extended periods absorbed all available domestic and external resources. The resulting debttrap led to increased external borrowings at high rates with short-term maturity. This, coupled with massive exchange rate depreciation throughout the last two decades, resulted in rap

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Patrawimolporn, Pichit. "Effects of Exchange Rates on Debt, Debt Services and Public Debt Management in Thailand in the 1980s." Asian Economic Journal 5, no. 3 (1991): 339–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8381.1991.tb00071.x.

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36

Marisa Nuraeni, Siti. "PENGARUH TAX PLANNING, KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEN DAN KEBIJAKAN HUTANG TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN SEKTOR PROPERTY DAN REAL ESTATE YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA (BEI) TAHUN 2018-2022." Jurnal Nusa Akuntansi 1, no. 2 (2024): 344–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.62237/jna.v1i2.17.

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This study aims to determine the influenceof Tax Planning, Dividend Policy and debt policy on company value in property and real estate sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) in 2018-2022. This type of research is quantitative secondary data obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) and the website of each company. The analysis technique used in the research used purposive sampling, with a sample size of 40 data from 8 companies with observations for 5 years 2018-2022. The results of this research show that Tax Planning, dividen policy and debt policy simultaneous

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Yousaf, Abida, and Tahir Mukhtar. "External Debt and Capital Accumulation Nexus: Evidence from Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 59, no. 1 (2020): 29–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v59i1pp.29-44.

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The rising public debt burden is a common feature of developing countries like Pakistan. This study is an attempt to empirically analyse the external debt and capital accumulation nexus for Pakistan from 1972 to 2016. The ARDL bound testing technique was employed to estimate two models which incorporate different indicators of external debt. Results indicate the existence of a negative relationship between external debt to revenue ratio and stock of capital that supports the debt overhang hypothesis for Pakistan. The debt overhang hypothesis states that large accumulated debt leads to a decrea

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38

Seehaus, Sascha, and Tomáš Peráček. "The Impact of the Constitutional Court Ruling of 15 November 2023 on the Federal Government's Budget Planning and the Potential Increase in Insolvency Cases in Germany." Juridical Tribune - Review of Comparative and International Law 14, no. 2 (2024): 178–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.62768/tbj/2024/14/2/01.

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This study investigates the implications of the German Federal Constitutional Court’s ruling on November 15, 2023, declaring the second supplementary budget of 2021 unconstitutional, specifically the reallocation of unused COVID-19 debt authorisations for green initiatives. This landmark decision clarifies the exceptions to the debt brake and the handling of special funds, significantly affecting the climate and transformation fund, indirectly influencing other special funds aimed at stabilising the energy sector and rebuilding from the 2021 flood disaster. The research method involves a compr

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Balibek, Emre, Ian Storkey, and Hakan Yavuz. "Business Continuity Planning for Government Cash and Debt Management." Technical Notes and Manuals 2021, no. 010 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781513597973.005.

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Naeem, Javeria, and Sadia Sherbaz. "Indebtedness and Poverty: The Case of Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 55, no. 4I-II (2016): 823–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v55i4i-iipp.823-835.

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Since the advent of Neolibralism, debt has been construed as means of policy reforms to achieve stability, liberalisation and recovery from shocks. However, the other side of the picture has been either ignored or underappreciated. That is the human cost of indebtedness. Whether internal or external, indebtedness may have significant implications for the living conditions of the masses, as it leads to substantial deviation of resources towards debt management. This paper attempts to assess the impact of indebtedness on poverty for Pakistan. The impact of total, internal and external debt on po

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Zhang, Can. "Research on the Causes, Risks, and Countermeasures of Local Debt Problems." Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 140, no. 1 (2024): 148–54. https://doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/2024.ga18559.

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This study aims to explore the causes, risks, and corresponding risk response strategies of local government debt problems. In the case analysis, the scale of local debt in Ningbo is taken as the specific research object. Although local governments use debt financing for infrastructure construction to promote economic growth in the short term, it also brings potential debt risks. By analyzing the scale of local debt and governance policies in Ningbo, this paper finds that Ningbo is relatively reasonable in debt management and its debt risks are generally controllable. Ningbo has successfully p

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42

Ali, Rifaqat, and Usman Mustafa. "External Debt Accumulation and Its Impact on Economic Growth in Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 51, no. 4II (2012): 79–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v51i4iipp.79-96.

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The accumulation of external debt is common phenomenon of the developing countries and it has become a common feature of the fiscal sectors of most of the economies. A country with lower saving rate needs to borrow more to finance the given rate of economic growth. So external debt is obtained to sustain the growth rate of the economy, which is otherwise not feasible with the given domestic resources. Pakistan is one of the developing countries and faces serious debt problems, according to World Bank Report 2000-2001, Pakistan is among the Highly Indebted Countries (HICs); because Pakistan’s p

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Kotey, Richard Angelous. "Does Capital Structure Affect Profitability of Listed Ghanaian Firms?" Journal of Developing Areas 58, no. 2 (2024): 161–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jda.2024.a924534.

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ABSTRACT: Capital structure is one of the crucial decisions managers must make that can affect a firm's short-term and long-term value maximization prospects. Though extant studies have shown capital structure significantly affects profits, researchers have struggled to find an optimal mix of capital structure ideal for value maximization due to the influence of macro and micro factors. There is therefore the need for this to be properly studied contextually. Building on the Pecking Order Theory, this study examines the capital structure effects on profitability from a short-term, long-term, a

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Hall, Sarah. "Cultural economies of debt." Dialogues in Human Geography 6, no. 3 (2016): 326–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2043820616676733.

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45

Tahir, Pervez. "The Debt of the Nation." Pakistan Development Review 37, no. 4II (1998): 331–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v37i4iipp.331-353.

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The debt of the nation comprises two parts, the external debt and the internal debt. After rapidly accumulating arrears of external debt in the post-sanctions period, Pakistan has had to seek re-scheduling of her external debt as part of a financing and reform package negotiated with the IMF. While re-scheduling has not been sought for the first time, the rising burden of this debt has generated a serious debate for the first time. In the heat of this debate, the heavier burden of the costlier internal debt has been nearly ignored. Although this paper takes account of the totality of the debt

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Siddiqui, Rizwana, and Rehana Siddiqui. "Determinants of Debt Rescheduling in Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 40, no. 4II (2001): 689–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v40i4iipp.689-704.

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Pakistan’s total debt has reached to 115 percent of GDP in 2001 [Pakistan (2001)]; per capita debt exceeded per capita GDP. The outstanding stock of public debt was roughly 400 percent of government revenue in 1980 and it increased to 624 percent by mid-2000 [Pakistan (2001)]. It is the only country in South Asia, classified as “severely indebted low-income country” by the World Bank (2001). Debt servicing is more problematic than debt. It has been 2.5 percent of GNP during seventies and increased to 3.5 percent of GNP during eighties. In 2001, debt servicing consumes more than seventy percent

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Abeysinghe, Tilak. "Debt Begets Debt: The Sri Lankan Welfare State and Fiscal Sustainability." Asian Economic Journal 35, no. 4 (2021): 363–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/asej.12255.

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Burney, Nadeem A. "Determinants of Debt Problem in Pakistan and its Debt-servicing Capacity." Pakistan Development Review 27, no. 4II (1988): 805–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v27i4iipp.805-818.

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In the last decade, Pakistan's external debt obligations have risen to an unprecedented level. This is despite the fact that the country had been able to borrow on concessional terms from international organizations and foreign governments unlike many other developing countries. The situation has raised concern about the viability of the strategy of excessive dependence on foreign sources and the problems it poses for sustainable growth. Between 1970 and 1980 Pakistan's external debt grew at an average rate of 11.3 percent. Althol1gh, during the Eighties it has grown at a much slower rate, i.e

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O'Brien, Philip. "'The Debt Cannot Be Paid': Castro and the Latin American Debt." Bulletin of Latin American Research 5, no. 1 (1986): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3338783.

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Koome, Fridah Kinya, and Tabitha Nasieku. "Effect Of Long-Term Public Debt On Economic Growth In Kenya." International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research (IJSSHR) ISSN 2959-7056 (o); 2959-7048 (p) 3, no. 1 (2025): 247–55. https://doi.org/10.61108/ijsshr.v3i1.170.

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The objective of the research was to evaluate the effect of long-term public debt on economic growth in Kenya from 2001 to 2022. Using time series data, the research employed various econometric analytical techniques, Unit root test, cointegration test, Heteroskedasticity test, auto-correlation test and regression analysis to ensure the robustness of the findings. The results revealed that, long-term debt had a pronounced positive influence on economic growth. These findings underscored the importance of considering the relevance of public debt in policy formulation and economic planning. The

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