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Journal articles on the topic 'Debt type'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Colla, Paolo, Filippo Ippolito, and Kai Li. "Debt Structure." Annual Review of Financial Economics 12, no. 1 (2020): 193–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-financial-012820-015057.

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We review the literature on debt structure, which is a central element in a firm's capital structure. We first survey both theoretical and empirical research pertaining to debt characteristics—maturity and priority—and debt types—bank loans, corporate bonds, credit lines, commercial paper, and capital leases. We then present comprehensive empirical evidence on public US firms’ debt structure over the period 2002–2018, highlighting that more than three-quarters of US firms concentrate their borrowing in one debt type, and offer some suggestive explanations for the observed pattern. Finally, we

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2

Coste, Tristan, Caroline Henchoz, and Boris Wernli. "Debt and Subjective Well-Being: Does the Type of Debt Matter?" Swiss Journal of Sociology 46, no. 3 (2020): 445–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sjs-2020-0022.

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AbstractBased on longitudinal analyses of data from the Swiss Household Panel, this paper investigates the effect of different types of debt on two evaluative measures of subjective well-being: financial satisfaction and life satisfaction. Payment arrears reduce financial satisfaction more than loans or the accumulation of different types of debt (arrears and loans). This negative effect is stable over time. Conversely, each additional year with arrears decreases life satisfaction, confirming the overall and general negative effect of arrears on all domains of daily life, especially for the el

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Xiao, Jing Jian, Chengyang Yan, Piotr Bialowolski, and Nilton Porto. "Consumer debt holding, income and happiness: evidence from China." International Journal of Bank Marketing 39, no. 5 (2021): 789–809. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijbm-08-2020-0422.

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PurposeThe relationship between debt and happiness is an emerging research topic with significant implications for both theory and practice in economics and business. In China, where the consumer credit market is at an early stage of development, the topic remains under-investigated and the evidence on the debt–well-being link is scarce. The purpose of this study is to examine the association between debt holding and happiness and the moderating role of income in it.Design/methodology/approachData used in the study were from three waves (2013, 2015 and 2017) of the China Household Finance Surv

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Khan, Kanwal Iqbal, Faisal Qadeer, Mário Nuno Mata, Rui Miguel Dantas, João Xavier Rita, and Jéssica Nunes Martins. "Debt Market Trends and Predictors of Specialization: An Analysis of Pakistani Corporate Sector." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 14, no. 5 (2021): 224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14050224.

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Recently, debt structure research has started focusing on the strategic perspective of financing choices, particularly to understand the reasons for debt specialization (DS). This paper examines trends of specialization over time and industry by using a comprehensive dataset on types of debt employed by the public limited companies during 2009–2018. The objective of the current study is to analyze the effect of debt market conditions by identifying significant predictors of DS. Time-series and cross-sectional results confirm the existence of DS, which is further validated by the findings of th

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Xiao, Jing Jian, and Rui Yao. "Debt types and burdens by family structures." International Journal of Bank Marketing 38, no. 4 (2020): 867–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijbm-07-2019-0262.

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PurposeThe purpose of this study was to examine family structure differences in debt types and burdens of American families.Design/methodology/approachData was from the 2016 Survey of Consumer Finances. Eight types of family structures, five specific debts, and two debt burden indicators are examined with multivariate logistic regressions.FindingsAfter controlling for several socioeconomic variables, multivariate logistic regression results show that married with children families are more likely than five other family types to have any debt. In terms of specific debt, married with children fa

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Khan, Kanwal Iqbal, Faisal Qadeer, Mário Nuno Mata, et al. "Core Predictors of Debt Specialization: A New Insight to Optimal Capital Structure." Mathematics 9, no. 9 (2021): 975. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9090975.

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Debt structure composition is an essential topic of discussion for the management of capital structure decisions. Researchers made extensive efforts to understand the criteria for selecting debts, specifically, to know about the reasons for debt specialization, concealed in identifying its predictors. This question is essential not only for establishing the field of debt structure but also for the financial managers to design corporate financial strategy in a way that leads to attaining an optimal debt structure. Sophisticated financial modeling is applied to identify the core predictors of de

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Park, Won. "Relationship between Debt Ratio and Earnings Effect of Earnings Management's Estimating Method, Debt Type." Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society 15, no. 4 (2014): 1932–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/kais.2014.15.4.1932.

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Nepomnyaschy, Emory, Eickmeyer, Waller, and Miller. "Parental Debt and Child Well-Being: What Type of Debt Matters for Child Outcomes?" RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences 7, no. 3 (2021): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.7758/rsf.2021.7.3.06.

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Respatia, Wimba, and Fidiana Fidiana. "KEBIJAKAN RESTRUKTURISASI UTANG MELALUI DEBT TO EQUITY SWAP." EKUITAS (Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan) 14, no. 1 (2017): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.24034/j25485024.y2010.v14.i1.2118.

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This research aim to obtain the understanding about debt restructuring to improve the efficiency and its productivity. An essential difference between these and the usual swapping of debt into equity is that the former allow a wider range of aplications. The firm’s owner have the option of choosing the sequence of restructuring negotiation with the creditors. The firm can combine the existing models, which is certainly with the agreement of the creditor and investor. This research has studied the choice of debt restructuring model carried out by PT X which is caused by the fact that the compan

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Kang, Maya. "Analysis of Farm Household Debt by Farm Type." Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development 24, no. 1 (2017): 63–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.12653/jecd.2017.24.1.0063.

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Contreras, Carlos, and Julio Angulo. "Does a Clarke-Groves type tax prevent free riding when implementing Eurobonds?" Applied Economic Analysis 29, no. 86 (2021): 152–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aea-03-2020-0020.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose a Clarke-Groves Tax (CGT) type as a remedy to the criticism that the implementation of Eurobonds has raised regarding the risk of undermining fiscal discipline. In this model, a government minimizes its sovereign debt-to-GDP ratio in a given period and decides whether to join a common sovereign debt club. In doing so, it exposes itself to a positive or negative tax burden while benefiting from the liquidity premium involved in creating a secure asset. The authors found that the introduction of this tax may prevent free riding behaviours if Eurobo

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Hamzah, Siti Raihana, Norizarina Ishak, and Ahmad Fadly Nurullah Rasedee. "Risk shifting elimination and risk sharing exposure in equity-based financing – a theoretical exposition." Managerial Finance 44, no. 10 (2018): 1210–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mf-05-2017-0187.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine incentives for risk shifting in debt- and equity-based contracts based on the critiques of the similarities between sukuk and bonds. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses a theoretical and mathematical model to investigate whether incentives for risk taking exist in: debt contracts; and equity contracts. Findings Based on this theoretical model, it argues that risk shifting behaviour exists in debt contracts only because debt naturally gives rise to risk shifting behaviour when the transaction takes place. In contrast, equity contracts, by

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Khatib, Saleh F. A., Dewi Fariha Abdullah, Ali Shariff Kabara, Saddam A. Hazaea, and Tamil Selvi Rajoo. "Does Debts have any Impact on Governance Bundle and Agency Costs? Over-Governance Hypothesis." Technium Social Sciences Journal 9 (June 17, 2020): 384–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v9i1.1003.

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The purpose of this article is to extend the bundles of corporate governance theory and propose the role of corporate debt in determining the governance structure of a company. This research intended to answer some questions have been put forward by scholars to explain the inter-relationship between debt, corporate governance, and agency costs: (i) what exactly is the disciplinary role of debts? (ii) how is governance structure influenced by the debt level? and (iii) are extremely high debt ratios required? Previous works have looked at interrelations between debt, corporate governance, and ag

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Richardson, Lorna. "Examining “Equitable” Retention." Edinburgh Law Review 20, no. 1 (2016): 18–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/elr.2016.0320.

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The operation of compensation, whereby a liquid debt reduces or extinguishes a liquid debt, is well understood, as is retention of a sum due under a contract on the principle of mutuality. Less understood is the doctrine of retention of debts, the so-called “other type of retention” or “equitable” retention discussed in obiter remarks by Lord Rodger in the UK Supreme Court decision in Inveresk plc v Tullis Russell Papermakers Ltd [2010] UKSC 19. This form of “equitable” retention is the subject of a detailed study by Lorna Richardson in this article.

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Ferica, Ferica, Annisa Nauli, Cindy Couwinata, and Sukhenny Sukhenny. "Pengaruh Likuiditas, Total Asset Turnover, Debt to Equity Ratio dan Perputaran Persedian terhadap Profitabilitas Perusahaan Manufaktur." Journal of Economic, Bussines and Accounting (COSTING) 3, no. 2 (2020): 336–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/costing.v3i2.1063.

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Profitability in a company aims to assess the company's expertise in generating profits and the company's ability to pay debts to creditors. This study aims to determine the effect of Liquidity (QR), Total Assets Turnover (TATO), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), and Inventory Turnover on profitability. This type of research is quantitative descriptive with secondary data, sample selection using purposive sampling, and testing methods using multiple linear regression analysis. The population in this study amounted to 155 manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 2015-2018

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Liu, Yang. "The Sources of Debt Matter Too." Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 41, no. 2 (2006): 295–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022109000002076.

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AbstractThis paper examines the effects of different types of private debt on firm cash balances, equity risk, and investment. Firms with more bank loans have more cash and investment, but lower equity risk. Firms with more nonbank private debt have more cash, lower equity risk, and less investment. Firms with more unused credit lines have less cash and lower equity risk, but greater investment. Results suggest that financial intermediaries' monitoring intensity increases with loan size. Depending on type, private debt mitigates information asymmetry or asset substitution, or both. Deposit rel

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김성신 and Pando Son. "Market Reaction to Firm Debt Issues and Investment Type." Korean Journal of Financial Engineering 9, no. 1 (2010): 77–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.35527/kfedoi.2010.9.1.004.

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Beaulieu, Emily, Gary W. Cox, and Sebastian Saiegh. "Sovereign Debt and Regime Type: Reconsidering the Democratic Advantage." International Organization 66, no. 4 (2012): 709–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020818312000288.

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AbstractThe literature exploiting historical data generally supports the democratic advantage thesis, which holds that democracies can sell more bonds on better terms than their authoritarian counterparts. However, studies of more recent—and extensive—data sets find that democracies have received no more favorable bond ratings from credit rating agencies than otherwise similar autocracies; and have been no less prone to default. These findings raise the question: where is the democratic advantage? Our answer is that previous assessments of the democratic advantage have typically (1) ignored th

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Eldomiaty, Tarek Ibrahim. "What about the debt governance structure and stockholders’ interests in transition market? Perspectives from Egypt." Corporate Ownership and Control 3, no. 1 (2005): 52–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv3i1p5.

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This study examines the relationship between debt governance structure at three levels (high, medium and low) and firm’s performance in the stock market. The debt structure classifies debt into short-term debt and long-term debt at each debt level. The results indicate that in the high debt firms, the short-term debt helps improve the PE ratio. As for the medium debt firms, the results show also that the short-term debt helps improve the market value added. The results of the low debt firms are similar to those of the high debt firms indicating that the short-term debt can be used to improve t

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Zhao, Yi, Ying Zhao, and Inseong Song. "Predicting New Customers' Risk Type in the Credit Card Market." Journal of Marketing Research 46, no. 4 (2009): 506–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jmkr.46.4.506.

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Recent studies in marketing have consistently shown that all customers are not equally profitable. In the credit card business, all customers are not equally risky. When a customer misses one payment on a credit card bill, a signal is sent to the credit card company. It is important for the card issuer to interpret the signal and to identify whether the customer is a low-risk one, who will eventually pay back the debt and contribute to the card issuer's profits by paying interest on the overdue balance, or a high-risk one, who will not pay back the debt. The issuer can then customize its polic

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Amador, Manuel, and Christopher Phelan. "Reputation and Sovereign Default." Econometrica 89, no. 4 (2021): 1979–2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ecta16685.

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This paper presents a continuous‐time model of sovereign debt. In it, a relatively impatient sovereign government's hidden type switches back and forth between a commitment type, which cannot default, and an opportunistic type, which can, and where we assume outside lenders have particular beliefs regarding how a commitment type should borrow for any given level of debt and bond price. In any Markov equilibrium, the opportunistic type mimics the commitment type when borrowing, revealing its type only by defaulting on its debt at random times. The equilibrium features a “graduation date”: a fin

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O'Brien, J., and P. David. "Firm growth and type of debt: the paradox of discretion." Industrial and Corporate Change 19, no. 1 (2009): 51–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icc/dtp033.

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Boursicot, Delphine, Geneviève Gauthier, and Farhad Pourkalbassi. "Contingent Convertible Debt: The Impact on Equity Holders." Risks 7, no. 2 (2019): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/risks7020047.

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Contingent Convertible (CoCo) is a hybrid debt issued by banks with a specific feature forcing its conversion to equity in the event of the bank’s financial distress. CoCo carries two major risks: the risk of default, which threatens any type of debt instrument, plus the exclusive risk of mandatory conversion. In this paper, we propose a model to value CoCo debt instruments as a function of the debt ratio. Although the CoCo is a more expensive instrument than traditional debt, its presence in the capital structure lowers the cost of ordinary debt and reduces the total cost of debt. For prelimi

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Sri Kusuma Dewi, Ni Luh Putu Geney, Putu Eka Trisna Dewi, and Ni Putu Riyani Kartika Sari. "REGULATION OF COPYRIGHT CERTIFICATE AS A MATERIAL GUARANTEE AND BANKRUPT ESTATE/BEODEL IN INDONESIA." ADI Journal on Recent Innovation (AJRI) 2, no. 2 (2020): 113–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.34306/ajri.v2i2.76.

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The existence of copyright as one type of intangible objects (intangible) in the development of the business and economic world is used as guarantee assets in banking and general confiscation of debtor assets declared bankrupt. The use of copyright then creates problems in its application both in terms of regulation and how to interpret the value of the copyright. This study uses a type of library research with the approach of legislation and legal comparison. The results of this study indicate that copyright can be used as an object of collateral in guaranteeing debtor debt through the imposi

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Makoto, Richard, Takawira Mumvuma, and Phineas G. Kadenge. "Public Debt Composition, Debt Policy Rules and Growth in Selected SADC Countries." Journal of Business and Social Review in Emerging Economies 6, no. 3 (2020): 1063–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.26710/jbsee.v6i3.1165.

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Purpose: This study examined the relative effect of debt composition and debt reduction policy rule on economic growth in selected SADC countries which are Mauritius, Tanzania and Zimbabwe. Design/Methodology/Approach The Markov-switching method was used to estimate the debt growth model for the period 1990Q1-2016Q4 Findings:. The effects of debt proved to be regime dependent which supports the time effects of debt in all countries. High external debt relative to domestic debt had positive effect on growth in Tanzania which is a good reforming country and had negative effects in the case

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Chłopecki, Andrzej. "DEFINICJA PAPIERÓW WARTOŚCIOWYCH DŁUŻNYCH." Zeszyty Prawnicze 3, no. 2 (2017): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/zp.2003.3.2.05.

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Definition of Debt SecuritiesSummaryThe main subject of this article is the definition of debt securities in Polish civil law. This expression („debt securities”) used in many parliaments bills, was not defined on the level of the parliaments bill. Especially in cases of so called „hybrid securities” (securities with the mixed legal nature) there is a necessity to analyze and define their legal nature. This article gives a very short overview on the different types of securities and proposes their systematical classification. The main conclusion of this article is: either in the case of the mi

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Bharath, Sreedhar T., and Michael Hertzel. "External Governance and Debt Structure." Review of Financial Studies 32, no. 9 (2019): 3335–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhy112.

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Abstract This paper examines how external governance pressure affects the type of debt that firms issue. Consistent with a governance mechanism substitution effect, we find that an exogenous increase (decrease) in governance pressure from the product (takeover) market has a significant negative (positive) impact on the use of bank (public debt) financing over public debt (bank loan) issuance. Tests using changes in the strictness of loan covenants provide corroborative evidence. These findings are consistent with the notion that firms endogenously substitute governance mechanisms and that dema

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Banyár, József. "European handling of implicit and explicit government debt as an obstacle to the funding-type pension reforms." European Journal of Social Security 19, no. 1 (2017): 45–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1388262717697746.

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In light of an analysis of Hungarian experience and as a result of the lessons that can be learned from it, I show in this article that the terms of the Stability and Growth Pact (SGP, the so-called ‘Maastricht criteria’) are barriers to a desirable reform of pay-as-you-go (PAYG) type pension systems. Following on from this, a proposal to modify these criteria so that this problem is eliminated is presented. The main problem with the SGP is that it only deals with explicit government debt and ignores implicit debt. Although it renders reforms politically palatable, it will increase overall deb

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Comín, Francisco. "Default, rescheduling and inflation: public debt crises in Spain during the 19th and 20th centuries." Revista de Historia Económica / Journal of Iberian and Latin American Economic History 30, no. 3 (2012): 353–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0212610912000134.

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AbstractThis article provides a historical overview of the factors leading up to debt crises and the default mechanisms used by governments to solve them, ranging from repudiation and restructuring to inflation tax and financial repression. The paper also analyses the Spanish governments’ graduation to responsible public debt management under democracy and the last debt crisis starting in 2010. After analysing the evolution of the outstanding public debt, budget deficits, the Spanish economy's ability to borrow, the central government's debt affordability and the profile of public debt, the ar

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Kvashnin, Yu. "Consequences of South European Debt Crisis." World Economy and International Relations, no. 3 (2013): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2013-3-3-12.

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Debt crisis in South European region turned out to be the focal point of the European debt crisis. It made explicit fundamental disproportions in the development of the Eurozone, in particular strict division between the Center and the Periphery. After joining to the Eurozone South European countries faced further deterioration of their positions in the global markets and fixing of an unfavorable type of their international specialization. Such situation can be seen most evidently in the case of Greece.

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Atta-Mensah, Joseph. "Commodity-linked bonds as an innovative financing instrument for African countries to build back better." Quantitative Finance and Economics 5, no. 3 (2021): 516–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/qfe.2021023.

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<abstract> <p>Commodity-linked bond, a type of state contingent claims, presents an innovative tool for African countries to mobilize resources on the international capital markets. Given their colossal financing needs, which has been worsened by the COVID-19 pandemic, African countries need to put in place innovative financing mechanisms to support their development frameworks for building back better. The issuing of this type of bond could provide an opportunity for commodity-producing African countries to hedge against fluctuations in their export earnings. The results show that

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Fungáčová, Zuzana, Christophe J. Godlewski, and Laurent Weill. "Does the type of debt matter? Stock market perception in Europe." Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance 75 (February 2020): 247–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.qref.2019.04.009.

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Lee, Jae Min, Yoon G. Lee, and Sungsook Kim. "Loan Type and Debt Delinquency among Millennial and Non-Millennial Households." Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal 47, no. 4 (2019): 342–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/fcsr.12315.

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Masakke, Fransisca Utami, Irena Hapsari, and Syaukah Az-Zahro. "ASPEK AGUNAN SEBAGAI PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI BANK SELAKU PENYEDIA LAYANAN KREDIT ONLINE." Perspektif Hukum 20, no. 1 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.30649/phj.v20i1.236.

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The implementation of lending and borrowing money or credit in general requires an additional agreement in the form of a guarantee agreement for the safety of the loan. Debt guarantees are giving confidence to creditors over the payment of debts they have given to debtors, this is due to the law or the issuance of an agreement that is assessoir of the principal agreement. Regarding the nature of the collateral agreement is the assessoir, that agreement follows the principal collateral in the form of a debt or credit agreement. The type of debt collateral can be in the form of material collater

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Хаванова, Наталья, Natalya Khavanova, Елена Литвинова, and Elena Litvinova. "The ways of effectiveness improving of debt recovery of citizens in housing and communal services." Services in Russia and abroad 9, no. 3 (2015): 181–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/14406.

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 One of the most significant tasks and problems amplifying every year for all heads of management companies and other organizations of a housing and municipal complex is the effective legal department receivables of the enterprises of branch. Today the debt of the population on payment for utilities is the most widespread type of a debt in relationship between management companies, the supplying resources organizations and consumers of services of housing and communal services. For this reason the majority of the disputes, which are at permission in courts of law, arise between the

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Hasan, A. K. M. Kamrul, and Yasushi Suzuki. "A Critique of Bangladeshi Adoption of Basel Type Capital Regulation: An Institutional View." Financial Internet Quarterly 16, no. 2 (2020): 49–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fiqf-2020-0012.

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Abstract International concern on bank capital and minimum capital adequacy was first raised in 1980, in the G-10 countries governors meeting at the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) to respond to a series of bank failures and financial instability observed in Western developed economies. Later, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) of the BIS proposed the Basel accord I, II and III in 1988, 2004 and 2010, respectively. Bangladesh Bank (BB) has introduced the ‘capital to risk weighted assets’-based approach for assessing the capital adequacy of banks in 1996 and later formal

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Viriya, Hansen, and Rosita Suryaningsih. "Determinant of Debt Policy: Empirical Evidence from Indonesia." Journal of Finance and Banking Review Vol.2(1) Jan-Mar 2017 2, no. 1 (2017): 01–08. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/jfbr.2017.2.1(1).

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Objective - The objective of this study is to observe the effects of managerial ownership, institutional ownership, dividend policy, firm growth, business risk, liquidity, and profitability on debt policy. Methodology/Technique - Using the purposive sampling method, secondary data were retrieved from 16 firms that fulfil the criteria of this study. Analysis was made through the multiple regression method. Findings - The results of this research indicate that: (1) managerial ownership has a significantly negative effect on debt policy, (2) institutional ownership has no positive effect on debt

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LOKE, YIING JIA, STEVEN T. YEN, and ANDREW K. G. TAN. "CREDIT CARD OWNERSHIP AND DEBT STATUS IN MALAYSIA." Singapore Economic Review 58, no. 03 (2013): 1350016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217590813500161.

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This paper examines the role of socio-demographic and credit consumption tendencies in affecting credit card ownership and debt status. Based on a sample of 938 individuals from three major cities in Malaysia, card holders' debt status is measured in relation to credit card expenditure, which in turn is categorized into convenience users, low-risk credit revolvers and high-risk credit revolvers. While socio-demographic factors play significant roles in determining card ownership, card holders' credit consumption tendencies, such as past debt history and type of loan possessed, have varying adv

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Yakimova, V. A., and A. A. Orekhova. "Tax debt as a threat to the economic security of the Russian Far East." Financial Analytics: Science and Experience 13, no. 2 (2020): 216–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/fa.13.2.216.

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Subject. The article addresses the tax liabilities of taxpayers registered in the subjects of the Far Eastern Federal District, which should be paid to the consolidated budget of the Russian Federation, as well as the factors of the said debt growth. Objectives. Our aim is to assess the level of tax debt of regions of the Russian Far East and identify the correlation between the factors and the amount of tax debt. Methods. The study rests on methods of analysis, generalization, grouping, systematization, and the correlation and regression analysis. Results. We analyzed the level of tax debt fo

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Mohamed, Duryana. "Forms of Acknowledgement of Debt in Malaysia: The Legal Implications." Global Journal of Business and Social Science Review (GJBSSR) Vol. 4(1) 2016 4, no. 1 (2016): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2016.4.1(3).

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Objective - The purpose of the paper is to discuss different forms or methods of acknowledging debt by the debtor. The paper analysis laws and cases decided by the Malaysian courts. Methodology/Technique - The methodology adopted in this study is by analysing court decisions in various cases on debt acknowledgement. Findings - The findings show that when there is acknowledgement of debt, there are several legal implications. Novelty – The paper Novelty - The paper is original since it focuses on different methods of debt acknowledgment accepted by the Malaysian courts and the legal implication

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Mahmudah, Siti, Siti Malikhatun Badriyah, and Bagus Rahmanda. "THE POSITION OF THE GUARANTOR IN RECONCILIATION ON THE BANKRUPTCY ACT ACCORDING TO THE LAW OF BANKRUPTCY IN INDONESIA." Diponegoro Law Review 3, no. 2 (2018): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/dilrev.3.2.2018.243-256.

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The existence of the guarantor in the world of business is widely known and required in the business world. Guarantor is stipulated in the agreement of guarantor which states that the Guarantor will pay the debt of debtor to its creditor if the debtor do not pay. The debt fulfillment of debtor to creditor can be done through the Bankruptcy Act which ended with reconciliation. The purpose of this research is to examine the position of the Guarantor in reconciliation on the Bankruptcy Act according to the Law of Bankruptcy in Indonesia, with the problem of how the position of the guarantor again

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Mainal, Siti Aminah, Catherine S. F. Ho, and Jamaliah Mohd Yusof. "Post Financial Crisis and Macroeconomic Fundamentals on Household Debt in Advanced Economies." Journal of Finance and Banking Review Vol. 2 (3) Jul-Sep 2017 2, no. 3 (2017): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/jfbr.2017.2.3(6).

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Objective - The unwarranted household debt initiated the global financial crisis which led to severe worldwide financial instability. Deleveraging process which has been taking place since the crisis has been slow and there is no quick fix to the debt issue. The lack of study on the effect of financial crisis on household debt justifies the objective to investigate macroeconomic fundamentals and financial crisis on household debt. Methodology/Technique - This study applies panel data analysis in ten advanced economies from 2001 to 2013. The random effect (RE) generalized least square estimator

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Kaino, Toshihiro, Ken Urata, Shinichi Yoshida, and Kaoru Hirota. "Improved Debt Rating Model Using Choquet Integral." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 9, no. 6 (2005): 615–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2005.p0615.

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Improved long-term debt rating model using Choquet integral is proposed, where the input is qualitative and quantitative data of the corporations, and the output is the Moody's long-term debt ratings. The fuzzy measure, which is given as the importance of each qualitative and quantitative data, is derived from a neural net method. Moreover, differentiation of the Choquet integral is applied to the long-term debt ratings, where this differentiation indicates how much evaluation of each specification influence to the rating of the corporation. A long-term debt rating model using Choquet integral

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Eggertsson, Gauti B., and Paul Krugman. "Debt, Deleveraging, and the Liquidity Trap: A Fisher-Minsky-Koo Approach*." Quarterly Journal of Economics 127, no. 3 (2012): 1469–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjs023.

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Abstract In this article we present a simple new Keynesian–style model of debt-driven slumps—that is, situations in which an overhang of debt on the part of some agents, who are forced into rapid deleveraging, is depressing aggregate demand. Making some agents debt-constrained is a surprisingly powerful assumption. Fisherian debt deflation, the possibility of a liquidity trap, the paradox of thrift and toil, a Keynesian-type multiplier, and a rationale for expansionary fiscal policy all emerge naturally from the model. We argue that this approach sheds considerable light both on current econom

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Malik, Qamar Uz Zaman, and Talat Afza. "Do group affiliated firms specialize in debt? Evidence from Pakistan." Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences 32, no. 1 (2016): 46–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jeas-07-2015-0020.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the debt structure of group affiliated firms in Pakistan for the period of 2009-2011. The study seeks to know the level of debt specialization in group affiliated firms. If they do; then how are they different from stand-alone firms? Design/methodology/approach – The study primarily uses Herfindahl-Hirschman Index and Excl90 as measures of debt specialization, which are further used in cluster, threshold and conditional analysis. Corporate groups are characterized to subsidize their affiliates through internal debt market and loan guarantee. Lo

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Engel, Susan, and David Pedersen. "Microfinance as poverty-shame debt." Emotions and Society 1, no. 2 (2019): 181–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/263168919x15653391247919.

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In an excellent anthropological study of microfinance in Bangladesh, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="CIT0028">Karim (2008: xviii)</xref> argues that it operates as ‘an economy of shame’. That is to say, microfinance is not the benign tool for financial inclusion and empowerment that mainstream development organisations proclaim. Rather, it unintentionally (perhaps) but nevertheless actively deploys shaming techniques in order to maximise loan repayment rates. Karim, however, does not employ an explicit analysis of shame; instead she emphasises its disciplining power for rural women in B

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Kazmi, Aqdas Ali. "An Econometric Estimation of Tax-discounting in Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 34, no. 4III (1995): 1067–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v34i4iiipp.1067-1077.

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The debt neutrality hypothesis which has been a source of major controversies in the theory of public finance, and macroeconomics has at the same time generated a vast literature on the implications of budgetary deficits and public debt on various subsectors/ variables of the economy, such as inflation, interest rates, current account deficit, etc. Tax discounting has been one of the fields of research associated with debt neutrality. The econometric estimation of some of the standard models of taxdiscounting has shown that consumer response to fiscal policy in Pakistan reflects neither the ex

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Shkolnyk, Inna, and Viktoriia Koilo. "The relationship between external debt and economic growth: empirical evidence from Ukraine and other emerging economies." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 15, no. 1 (2018): 387–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.15(1).2018.32.

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The article examines the relationship between external debt and economic growth in emerging economies for the period 2006-2016. The authors used different econometric tools, e.g., ADL model and correlation analysis. The regression results showed that the original values had no significant impact on the estimation of the parameters. Thus, there was made an assumption that emerging economies have a non-linear impact on macroeconomic parameters, including external debt that has a non-linear type of influence on economic growth. The authors established that high level of external debt, in conjunct

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Azhari, Adilah, and Hanita Kadir. "The Effects of Liquidity, Profitability and Board Characteristics on Debt Restructuring Likelihood Among Malaysian GLCs." Journal of Social Sciences Research, SPI6 (December 25, 2018): 942–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi6.942.950.

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This study investigates the cross-sectional variation in debt restructuring among Malaysian publicly listed Government Linked companies (GLCs) and non-GLCs (NGLCs) for the period of from 2005 to 2015. It attempts to test several firm determinants that can influence the likelihood of Malaysian GLCs to exercise debt restructuring. Past studies argue that liquidity and profitability influences firm’s choice to exercise debt restructuring. This study proposes variants of board of characteristics as one of the influential factors in GLCs debt restructuring since board of directors for this type of

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Arilyn, Erika Jimena, and Beny Beny. "The Influence of Growth, Asset Tangibility, Cost of Debt, Profitability and Business Risk On Debt Capital." GATR Journal of Accounting and Finance Review (AFR) Vol. 4 (4) Oct-Dec 2019 4, no. 4 (2019): 120–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/afr.2019.4.4(4).

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Objective –The aims to identify the significant factors that influence a company’s decision to use debt capital. Methodology/Technique – This study uses 5 independent variables namely; firm growth (growth rate in total gross assets), asset tangibility (ratio of net fixed assets to total assets), cost of debt (interest before tax / long term debt), profitability (Earnings Before Interest and Taxes (EBIT) / Total Asset), and business risk (standard deviation of EBIT to total assets). The dependent variable in this study, debt capital, is measured by the ratio of long-term debt to total assets. A

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