Journal articles: 'Decadiene-5,8ol-1(dimethyl-3,9 isopropyl-6)acetate|fin'

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Liu, Qi Mei, and Wan Xi Peng. "80°С-Based TD-GC/MS Analysis of Chemical Components from Branches of Cinnamomum camphora." Key Engineering Materials 480-481 (June 2011): 466–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.480-481.466.

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The analytical result by 80°С-based TD-GC/MS showed that 65 peaks were obtained from the helium volatiles from the fresh branches of Cinnamomum camphora and 60 chemical compounds were identified. The results showed that the main components were as: 1,3-Benzodioxole, 5-(2-propenyl)- (12.629%), Tricyclo[2.2.1.0(2,6)]heptane, 1,7-dimethyl-7-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-, (-)- (10.302%), 3-Cyclohexene-1-methanol, .alpha.,.alpha.4-trimethyl- (9.084%), Bicyclo[2.2.1] heptan-2-one, 1,7,7-trimethyl-, (1R)- (7.406%), Nerolidol (6.695%), Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane, 2-methyl-3-methylene-2-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-, (1S-exo)- (6.017%), Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-one, 1,7,7-trimethyl-, (.+/-.)- (4.885%), Bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene, 2,6-dimethyl-6-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)- (4.680%), Naphthalene, 1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydro-4,7-dimethyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-, (1S-cis)- (4.139%), 3-Cyclohexen-1-ol, 4-methyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-, (R)- (3.538%), Copaene (2.749%), Bicyclo[2.2.1] heptan-2-ol, 1,7,7-trimethyl-, (1S-endo)- (2.643%), Acetic acid, 1,7,7-trimethyl-bicyclo [2.2.1]hept-2-yl ester (2.536%), Cyclohexane, bromo- (2.530%), 1,6,10-Dodecatriene, 7,11- dimethyl-3-methylene-, (E)- (1.725%), Naphthalene, 1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,8a-octahydro-7-methyl-4- methylene-1-(1-methylethyl)-, (1.alpha.,4a.beta.,8a.alpha.)- (1.265%), Bicyclo[4.4.0]dec-1-ene, 2-isopropyl-5-methyl-9-methylene- (1.174%), (-)-Isosativene (1.149%), 11-Tetradecen-1-ol acetate (1.118%), .alpha.-Cadinol (1.061%), etc. The analytical result suggested that the helium volatiles from the fresh branches of C. camphora could be used as industrial materials of biomedicines, spicery and food industry.

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Taghavi-Moghadam, Shahriyar, Rüdiger Stumpf, Helmut Fischer, and Wolfgang Pfleiderer. "Facile Synthesis of 6-Aryl-1,3-dimethyl-5H-pyrimido[4,5-b][1,4]diazepine-2,4(1H,3H)-diones." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 64, no. 2 (1999): 313–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19990313.

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A facile procedure for the preparation of 6-aryl-1,3-dimethyl-5H-pyrimido[4,5-b][1,4]diazepine2,4(1H,3H)-diones 8, 9 from 6-amino-5-arylideneamino-1,3-dimethyluracils 1, 2 and triethyl orthoacetate (3) in a two-step reaction via 6-aryl-8-ethoxy-6,7-dihydro-1,3-dimethyl-5H-pyrimido[4,5-b][1,4]diazepine-2,4(1H,3H)-diones 6, 7 is described. Condensation of 1 with diethoxymethyl acetate (10) resulted in the formation of (1,3-dimethyl-2,6-(1H,3H)-dioxopurin-7-yl)(phenyl)methyl acetate (11) and a small amount of 1,3-dimethyl-6-phenylpyrazino[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (12). The structures of 6 and 11 were unambiguously confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.

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Chandrima Debi and Vipin Parkash. "Influence of microbial bioinoculants on the accumulation of new phytocompounds in Oroxylum indicum (L.) Benth. ex Kurz." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 13, no. 3 (December 30, 2020): 228–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2020.13.3.0413.

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The seedlings of Oroxylum indicum were inoculated with plant growth promoting microbes (PGPMs) mainly, Glomus mosseae, Trichoderma harzianum and Pseudomonas putida both alone and consortium. The GCMS analysis of the methanolic root extract of inoculated seedlings of O. indicum showed that seedlings treated with mixed consortium of mycorrhizal fungi, bacteria and fungus showed the presence of maximum number of phytocompounds. The GC-MS analysis of control seedlings showed presence of 55 compounds where three new compounds were found i.e. 2-Cyclobutene-1-Carboxamide; Tetradecanoic Acid, 10, 13-dimethyl-, methyl ester; 1-methylene-2b-hydroxymethyl-3, 3-dimethyl-4b-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-cy. 53 compounds were found in seedlings treated with mycorrhizae i.e., Glomus mosseae, and three new compounds were found i.e., 1-Ethyl-2-Hydroxymethylimidazole; Octadecanoic Acid, 11-Methyl-, methyl ester; 4-Methyl-1, 4-Heptadiene. The seedlings treated with bacteria i.e. Pseudomonas putida showed the presence of 52 compounds and three new compounds were found i.e. Meso-4, 5-octanediol; 1-ethyl-2-hydroxymethylimidazole; 2, 5-cyclohexadiene-1, 4-dione, 2, 5-dihydroxy-3-methyl-6-(1-methylethyl) - . A total of 56 compounds were present in seedlings treated with fungus i.e. Trichoderma harzianum and five new compounds were found i.e. 2-CyclohexeN-1-one, 2-Butyl-3-Methoxy; Methyl 12, 13-Tetradecadienoate; Methyl 6, 9, 12-hexadecatrienoate; 1, 9-Decadiyne; 1, 4-Naphthalenedione. The seedlings treated with dual consortium of mycorrhizae and bacteria showed the presence of 88 compounds and five new compounds were found i.e., N-(1-Methoxycarbonyl-1-methylethyl)-4-methyl-2-aza-1,3-dioxane;1-ethyl-2 hydroxy methylimidazole; Methyl 8-methyl-nonanoate; Naphthalene, 1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,8a-octahydro-4a,8-dimethyl; Methyl 12,13-tetradecadienoate. 152 compounds were present in seedlings treated with dual consortium of mycorrhizal fungi and fungus and ten new compounds were found to be present i.e. 1,9-Decadiyne; 3,7,11-Trimethyl-3-hydroxy-6,10-dodecadien-1-yl acetate; 3-Heptyne, 7-chloro; 3-Methyl-4-(methoxycarbonyl) hexa-2,4-dienoic acid; Benzo[c]cinnolin-2-amine ; Tetradecanoic acid, 10,13-dimethyl-,Methyl ester; Cis,cis-4,6-octadienol; 2-Cyclohexen-1-one, 2-butyl-3-methoxy; Methyl 12,13-tetradecadienoate; 2-Aminopyridazino(6,1-b) quinazolin-10-one. A total of 36 compounds were present in seedlings treated with dual consortium of bacteria and fungi and two new compounds were found i.e. [1,4] Dioxino [2,3-b]-1,4-dioxin, hexahydro-2,3,6,7 ; 1-Ethyl-2-hydroxymethylimidazole. The seedlings inoculated with mixed consortium of mycorrhizae, bacteria and fungus showed the presence of 213 compounds and fourteen new compounds were found i.e. 3,7,11-Tridecatrienenitrile, 4,8,12-Trimethyl; 1,9-Decadiyne; 2,6,10,14,18,22-Tetracosahexaene, 2,6,10,15,19,23-Hexamethyl-, (ALL-E) ; 1-Methylene-2b-hydroxymethyl-3,3-dimethyl-4b-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-cy; 1,9-Decadiyne, Cyclobutane, 1,2-bis(1-methylethenyl)-, trans-, 3,7,11-Trimethyl-3-hydroxy-6,10-dodecadien-1-yl acetate, 5-Hydroxy-4-hydroxymethyl-1-(1-hydroxy-1-isopropyl)cyclohex-3-ene, 5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid, methyl ester, (all-z)-, 1-Cyclohexyl-2-buten-1-ol (c,t) , 1-Oxetan-2-one, 4,4-diethyl-3-methylene-, Tetradecanoic acid, 10,13-dimethyl-, methyl ester, 2-Cyclohexen-1-one, 2-butyl-3-methoxy-, Methyl 12,13-tetradecadienoate, Heptacosanoic acid, 25-methyl-, methyl ester Hexadecanoic Acid, Methyl Ester; 2-Chloroethyl Linoleate; 9,12-Octadecadienoic Acid, Methyl Ester, (E,E); Butanoic acid, methyl ester; 4A,5,6,7,8,8A(4H) HexahydroBenzopyran-3-Carboxamide, 8A-Methoxy-4A-M,; Octadecanoic acid; Farnesene; Squalene; Myrcene; Naphthalene; Tetradecanoic Acid, Methyl Ester; Octadecanoic Acid, Methyl Ester; 1H-Cycloprop[E] Azulene, Decahydro-1,1,4,7-Tetramethyl-, [1AR-(1A].Alph ; Cyclohexane, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-, trans (Elemene); Cyclohexene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-, (s)- (Limonene); were found to be present in this treatment.

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Afsah, E. M., M. Hammouda, H. Zoorob, M. M. Khalifa, and M. T. Zimaity. "Mannich Reaction with 1 ,3 - Indandione Phenylhydrazones." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 45, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 80–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1990-0115.

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Abstract Mannich reaction of 1,3-indandione-1-phenylhydrazone (1) or 1,3-diphenylhydrazone (5) withmorpholine or piperazine gave the Mannich base-phenylhydrazone 2 and 3 or the diphenylhydrazone6 and 7, respectively. Whereas, such reaction with 1 or 5 using primary amines affordedthe indeno[2,1-ƒ]-1,2,4-triazepin-6(2H)-one (4) or its 6-phenylhydrazone (8), respectively.Treatment of 5 with ammonium acetate and formalin afforded 9. The indeno[1,2-ƒ]-1,2,4,5-tetrazepin-10(2H)-one (11) was obtained from the 1,2-diphenylhydrazone 10 and formaldehyde.

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Journal, Baghdad Science. "Synthesis and characterization of some heterocyclic including oxazoles,Thiazoles, Pyridazines, phthalizines and Pyrazoles with evaluating of biological activity." Baghdad Science Journal 10, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 818–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.10.3.818-827.

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A series of new compounds including p-bromo methyl pheno acetate [2]. N-( aminocarbonyl)–p-bromo pheno acetamide [3] , N-( aminothioyl) -p-bromo phenoacetyl amide [4], N-[4-(p-di phenyl)-1,3-oxazol-2-yl]-p-bromopheno acetamide [5],N-[4-p-di phenyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl-p-bromo phenoacet amide [6], p-bromopheno acetic acid hydrazide [7] , 1-N-(p-bromo pheno acetyl)-1,2-dihydro-pyridazin-3,6- dione [8], 1-N-(p-bromo pheno acetyl)-1,2-dihydro-phthalazin-3,8- dione[ 9], 1-(p-bromo pheno acetyl)-3-methylpyrazol-5-one [10] and 1-(p-bromo phenol acetyl)- 3,5-dimethyl pyrazole [11] have been synthesized. The prepared compounds were characterized by m.p.,FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Also ,the biological activity was evaluated .

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Dabovic, Milan, Ivanka Petrovic, Natalija Krstic, and Ljubinka Lorenc. "Peracids oxidation of cholesta-5,8-dien-3β-yl acetate." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 65, no. 11 (2000): 769–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0011769d.

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Expoxidation of cholesta-5,8-dien-3?-yl acetate (1) with peracids takes place preferentially at the more highly substituted ?8-olefinic double bond to give: (a) with monoperphthalic acid, 8?,9?-epoxycholest-5-en-3?-yl acetate (2) (in 39 % yield) and 9?-hydroxy-5?,6?-epoxycholest-8(14)-en-3?-yl acetate (3) (in 30 % yield); and (b) with m-chloroperbenzoic acid, the 8?,9?-epoxide 2 (64 %) and 5?,6?-epoxy derivative 3 (20%). Some chemical transformations of the obtained epoxides are described.

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Wei, X. Y., and D. J. Triggle. "Ca2+ channel ligand sensitive responses to the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate in vascular smooth muscle." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 64, no. 12 (December 1, 1986): 1489–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y86-251.

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The action of a tumor-promoting phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), on isolated rat aortic and tail artery strips has been characterized. TPA (10−9 – 10−7 M) produced a graded contraction developing maximum tension over 30–40 min. The contraction was irreversible and was not relaxed by prolonged washing with physiologic saline. Relaxation occurred upon washing with Ca2+-free saline but readdition of Ca2+ restored response. TPA was without significant effect in rat tail arteries in physiologic saline but produced responses in saline containing elevated K+ (15 mM). The protein kinase C inhibitor, CP-46,665-1 (4-aminomethyl-1-[2,3-(di-n-decyloxy)n-propyl]-4-phenylpiperidine dihydrochloride) (5 × 10−5 M), blocked the response to TPA but was without effect on responses to Bay K 8644 (2,6-dimethyl-3-carbomethoxy-5-nitro-4-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl) 1,4-dihydropyridine), KCl, phenylephrine, and B-HT 920 (6-allyl-2-amino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-thiazolo[4,5-d]azepin dihydrochloride). The calcium channel antagonist nifedipine and its analogue, 2,6-dimethyl-3,5-dicarbomethoxy-4-(3-cyanophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine, inhibited TPA responses with IC50 values of 9.28 × 10−9 and 1.96 × 10−7 M, respectively. Responses to Bay K 8644 in rat aorta were maximum in the presence of elevated KCl (10 mM), but TPA at concentrations of 10−9 and 3 × 10−9 M potentiated responses to Bay K 8644 in physiologic saline to levels approximating those in elevated K+ saline. TPA similarly potentiated responses to Ca2+ in Ca2+-free solution. In the presence of TPA, 10−8 and 3 × 10−8 M, responses to Ca2+ in nondepolarizing saline were potentiated to levels seen under depolarizing conditions. The present results suggest a relationship between protein kinase C and Ca2+ channel activation. However, alternative possibilities, including enhancement of the Ca2+ sensitivity of the contractile apparatus, may also contribute to the observed effects.

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Falsone, G., F. Cateni, M. M. De Nardo, and M. M. Darai. "Synthesis of 3-Alkylcoumarins and 3-Alkyl-α,β-unsaturated δ-Lactones from 3-Diethylphosphonocoumarins, 3-Diethylphosphonolactones and Aldehydes." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 48, no. 10 (October 1, 1993): 1391–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1993-1014.

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The treatment of salicylaldehyde 1 and derivatives 2-4 with triethyl phosphonoacetate 5 in refluxing toluene using piperidine acetate and β-alanine affords 3-diethyl phosphonocoumarins 6-9. By hydrogenation of the compounds 6-9, 3-diethylphosphono-3,4-dihydrocoumarins 10-13 have been obtained. The compounds 10-13 react with the aromatic aldehydes 14-18, under Wittig-Horner conditions, to give 3-alkyl-coumarins 19-24 in satisfactory yields. The reaction of 3-diethyl-phosphonolactones 25, 26 with isatin 27 and 5-bromoisatin 28, under similar reaction conditions, leads to 3-alkyl-α,β-unsaturated δ-lactones 29-31

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Savic, Marina, Katarina Penov-Gasi, Marija Sakac, Dimitar Jakimov, and Evgenija Djurendic. "Synthesis and antiproliferative activity of some A- and B modified D-homo lactone androstane derivatives." Acta Periodica Technologica, no. 44 (2013): 289–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/apt1344289s.

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An efficient synthesis of several A- and B-modified D-homo lactone androstane derivatives from 3?-hydroxy-17-oxa-D-homoandrost-5-en-16-one (1) is reported. 17-Oxa-Dhomoandrost- 4-ene-3,16-dione (2), obtained by the Oppenauer oxidation of compound 1, was converted via the unstable intermediate 3,16-dioxo-4,17-dioxa-D-homoandrostane- 5?-carboxaldehyde (3) to 17-oxa-D-homo-3,5-seco-4-norandrostan-5-one-3-carboxylic acid (4), which was also obtained directly from compound 2. Compound 1 was acetylated to give 17-oxa-D-homoandrost-5-en-16-on-3?-yl acetate (5) which was then oxidized with chromium(VI)-oxide in 50% acetic acid or with meta-chlorperbenzoic acid and chromium(VI)-oxide to yield compounds 6-8 and 5?-hydroxy-17-oxa-D-homoandrostane- 6,16-dion-3?-yl acetate (9), respectively. The oximination of compound 9 gave a mixture of 6(E)-hydroximino-5?-hydroxy-17-oxa-D-homoandrostan-16-on-3?-yl acetate (10) and 6(Z)-hydroximino-5?-hydroxy-17-oxa-D-homoandrostan-16-on-3?-yl acetate (11), the hydrolysis of which gave 6(E)-hydroximino-3?,5?-dihydroxy-17-oxa-D-homoandrostan- 16-one (12) and 6(Z)-hydroximino-3?,5?-dihydroxy-17-oxa-D-homoandrostan-16-one (13). 6-Nitrile-17-oxa-5,6-seco-D-homoandrostane-5,16-dion-3?-yl acetate (14) was obtained under the Beckmann fragmentation of compounds 10 and 11. Only pure and stable compounds (1, 2, 4, 5, 9 and 14) were tested in vitro on six malignant cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, PC-3, HeLa, HT-29, K562) and one non-tumor MRC-5 cell line. Significant antiproliferative activity against MDA-MB-231 cells showed compounds 1, 5 and 9, while compound 2 exhibited a strong antiproliferative activity. Only compound 14 showed weak antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 cells. All tested compounds were not toxic on MRC-5 cells, whereas Doxorubicin was highly toxic on these cells.

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Journal, Baghdad Science. "Synthesis of New Heterocyclic Derivatives from 4-(3, 5-Dimethyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-ylazo)- benzoic acid." Baghdad Science Journal 7, no. 1 (March 7, 2010): 727–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.7.1.727-736.

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In this work pyrazolin derivatives were prepared from the diazonium chloride salt of 4-aminobenzoic acid. Azo compounds were prepared from the reaction of an ethanolic solution of sodium acetate and calculated amount of active methylene compound namely, acetyl acetone to obtain the corresponding hydrazono derivative (1). Cyclocondensation reaction of compounds (1) with hydrazine hydrate and phenyl hydrazine in boiling ethanol affording the corresponding pyrazoline-5-one derivatives of 4-aminobenzoic acid (2,3). Then compound (3) was reacted with thionyl chloride to give the corresponding acid chloride derivative(4), followed by conversion into the corresponding acid hydrazide derivative (5) carboxylic acid thiosemicarbazide (11), esters (14,15), thioesters (16,17) and amides (18,19), when treated hydrazine hydrate, thiosemicarbazide, alcohols, alkylthiol and secondary amines in dry refluxing benzene; respectively. Schiff's bases (6-8) were prepared by refluxing of compound (5) with different aldehydes and ketons, then two compounds from the Schiff's bases were cyclized with ?-mercapto acetic acid to give (9 and 10). Furthermore, 1,2,4-triazole derivative (12) have been also prepared by refluxing thiosemicarbazide derivative with sodium hydroxide solution (4%) followed acidification of the result using (10%)hydrolic acid. Moreover, a thiadiazole derivative (13) has been prepared by treatment of thiosemicarbazide derivative with concentrated sulfuric acid as cyclyzing agent. Finally, oxadiazole derivative (20) has prepared by condensation of its acid hydrazide derivative with carbon disulfide in basic medium.

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Handley, Jackie T., and Adrian J. Blackman. "Monocyclic Diterpenes from the Marine Alga Caulerpa trifaria (Chlorophyta)." Australian Journal of Chemistry 53, no. 1 (2000): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch99171.

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Four novel monocyclic diterpenes (1E,6E)-3-[(E)-acetoxymethylidene]-7-methyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-2-enyl)nona-1,6-dienyl acetate (5), (E)-2-[(E)-4-methyl-6-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-2-enyl)hex-3-enyl]but-2-enedial (6), (2Z,6E)-3-acetoxymethyl-7-methyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-2-enyl)nona-1,6-dienyl acetate (7) and (2E,6E)-3-formyl-7-methyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-2-enyl)nona-2,6-dienyl acetate (8) and the known compounds (1)–(4) have been isolated from the Tasmanian green alga Caulerpa trifaria.

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Oyarzabal, Itziar, Estitxu Echenique-Errandonea, Eider San Sebastián, Antonio Rodríguez-Diéguez, José Manuel Seco, and Enrique Colacio. "Synthesis, Structural Features and Physical Properties of a Family of Triply Bridged Dinuclear 3d-4f Complexes." Magnetochemistry 7, no. 2 (February 5, 2021): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry7020022.

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New dinuclear MII-LnIII complexes of general formulas [Cu(µ-L)(µ-OAc)Ln(NO3)2]·CH3CN·H2O (LnIII = Gd (1), Tb (2), Dy (3) and Er (4)), [Ni(CH3CN)(µ-L)(µ-OAc)Ln(NO3)2]·CH3CN (LnIII = Nd (5), Gd (6), Tb (7), Dy (8), Er (9) and Y (10)) and [Co(CH3CN)(µ-L)(µ-OAc)Ln(NO3)2]·CH3CN (LnIII = Gd (11), Tb (12), Dy (13), Er (14) and Y (15)) were prepared from the compartmental ligand N,N′-dimethyl-N,N′-bis(2-hydroxy-3-formyl-5-bromo-benzyl)ethylenediamine (H2L). In all these complexes, the transition metal ions occupy the internal N2O2 coordination site of the ligand, whereas the LnIII ions lie in the O4 external site. Both metallic ions are connected by an acetate bridge, giving rise to triple mixed diphenoxido/acetate bridged MIILnIII compounds. Direct current (dc) magnetic measurements allow the study of the magnetic exchange interactions between the 3d and 4f metal ions, which is supported by density functional theory (DFT) theoretical calculations for the GdIII-based counterparts. Due to the weak ferromagnetic exchange coupling constants obtained both experimentally and theoretically, the magneto-thermal properties of the less anisotropic systems (compounds 1 and 6) are also studied. Alternating current (ac)magnetic measurements reveal the occurrence of slight frequency dependency of the out-of-phase signal for complexes 8, 9 and 13, while complex 15 displays well-defined maximums below ~6 K.

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Kruszynski, Rafal, Agata Trzesowska, Magdalena Przybycin, Mariusz Dopieralski, and Maria Dobosz. "Ethyl (1-methyl-3-phenyl-5-thioxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)acetate." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 63, no. 11 (October 19, 2007): o4371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536807050635.

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All interatomic distances in the title compound, C13H15N3O2S, are normal. The 1,2,4-triazole ring is planar and is inclined at 46.50 (6)° to the phenyl ring. The ethoxycarbonylmethyl group is also close to being planar and is inclined at 87.54 (9)° to the 1,2,4-triazole ring. The crystal was an inversion twin with a twin ratio 0.88 (3):0.12 (3).

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Norman, Rebecca E., Michael V. Perkins, Andris J. Liepa, and Craig L. Francis. "N,N-Dialkyl-N′-Chlorosulfonyl Chloroformamidines in Heterocyclic Synthesis. Part XIII. Cleavage and Rearrangement Reactions of Pyrazolo[1,5-b][1,2,4,6]thiatriazine 1,1-Dioxides." Australian Journal of Chemistry 69, no. 1 (2016): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch15445.

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Treatment of pyrazolo[1,5-b][1,2,4,6]thiatriazines 1 with the Vilsmeier–Haack reagent afforded pyrazolo[1,5-a][1,3,5]triazines 5. Reaction of compounds 1 with trifluoroacetic anhydride, dimethyl sulfoxide, and triethylamine afforded 5-dimethylsulfanylidene derivatives 8. The guanidino-pyrazole-sulfonic acid 9 was produced from treatment of compounds 1 with trifluoroacetic acid under anhydrous conditions. Similar treatment in the presence of water afforded the desulfonated pyrazolo-guanidine 6. Reactions of 6 with one-carbon electrophiles provided various 4-substituted pyrazolo[1,5-a][1,3,5]triazines 5. Attempted catalytic hydrogenolysis of N7-benzyl pyrazolo[1,5-b][1,2,4,6]thiatriazines 2 in alcohols led to sulfamates 12 from thiatriazine ring cleavage. Ethyl acetate or tert-butanol as solvent allowed successful debenzylation to provide compounds 1. Aminolysis of compounds 2 gave sulfamides 13. Thermal rearrangement of compounds 2 afforded 6-benzyl-pyrazolo[3,4-e][1,2,4]thiadiazines 14.

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Conrado, Gabrielly Galdino, Nathalia Grazzia, Adriana da Silva S. de Oliveira, Caio Haddad Franco, Carolina Borsoi Moraes, Fernanda Ramos Gadelha, Danilo Ciccone Miguel, and Vera Lucia Garcia. "Prospecting and Identifying Phyllanthus amarus Lignans with Antileishmanial and Antitrypanosomal Activity." Planta Medica 86, no. 11 (June 8, 2020): 782–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1179-1003.

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AbstractTen lignans (1 – 10) were isolated from the hexane-ethyl acetate extract of Phyllanthus amarus leaves. Three of them, cubebin dimethyl ether (3), urinatetralin (4), and lintetralin (7) are described for the first time in this species, while phyllanthin (1), niranthin (2), 5-demethoxyniranthin (5), isolintetralin (6), hypophyllanthin (8), nirtetralin (9), and phyltetralin (10) have been already reported from P. amarus. Among the lignans tested against Trypanosoma cruzi intracellular amastigotes, 2 was the most active with an EC50 of 35.28 µM. Lignans 2, 5, 7, and 9 showed inhibitory effects against Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes with EC50 of 56.34, 51.86, 23.57, and 43.27 µM, respectively. During in vitro infection assays, 5 reduced amastigotes by 91% at 103.68 µM concentration, whereas 7 and 9 reduced amastigotes by approximately 84% at 47.5 and 86.04 µM, respectively. Lignans 5, 7, and 9 were more potent in intracellular amastigotes with EC50 of 2.76, 8.30, and 15.83 µM, respectively, than in promastigotes. CC50 for all samples was > 100 µg/mL, thus revealing low cytotoxicity against macrophages, and selectivity against the parasite. L. amazonensis promastigotes treated with compounds 2 and 9 showed decreased respiratory control of 38% and 25%, respectively, suggesting a change in mitochondrial membrane potential and lower ATP production.

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Werstiuk, Nick Henry, Michael A. Brook, and Peter Hülser. "Thermolysis of trimethylsilyl esters: an ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy study." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 66, no. 6 (June 1, 1988): 1430–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v88-231.

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The thermolytic behaviour of trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate, 1, trimethylsilyl trifluoroacetate, 2, and trimethylsilyl acetate, 3, has been investigated by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy. Acetate 3 undergoes decomposition only to a small extent at 800 °C via the mechanism shown in Scheme 1 (X = Si); only acetic acid and starting material are detected. In contrast[Formula: see text]with this result, 1 and 2 decompose completely at 725–800 °C and yield products which cannot be derived via the mechanism shown in Scheme 1. Evidence is presented to support our proposal that the thermolysis of 1 yields trimethylsilyl fluoride, 6, and difluorooxathirane dioxide, 7, as primary products. The photoelectron spectra of 1, 2, 3, 6 and trimethylsilanol, 9, are presented. Molecular orbital eigenvalues of dimethylsilene, 4, dimethylsilanone, 5 (calculated using AMPAC and Gaussian 82), 6 and 9 (AMPAC) are reported. Molecular orbital contour diagrams are given for selected MOs of 6 and 9.

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Ahmed Hamdi, Omer Abdalla, Syarifah Nur Syed Abdul Rahman, Khalijah Awang, Norhanom Abdul Wahab, Chung Yeng Looi, Noel Francis Thomas, and Sri Nurestri Abd Malek. "Cytotoxic Constituents from the Rhizomes ofCurcuma zedoaria." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/321943.

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Curcuma zedoariaalso known asTemu putihis traditionally used in food preparations and treatment of various ailments including cancer. The cytotoxic activity of hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and the methanol-soxhlet extracts ofCurcuma zedoariarhizomes was tested on two human cancer cell lines (Ca Ski and MCF-7) and a noncancer cell line (HUVEC) using MTT assay. Investigation on the chemical components in the hexane and dichloromethane fractions gave 19 compounds, namely, labda-8(17),12 diene-15,16 dial (1), dehydrocurdione (2), curcumenone (3), comosone II (4), curcumenol (5), procurcumenol (6), germacrone (7), zerumbone epoxide (8), zederone (9), 9-isopropylidene-2,6-dimethyl-11-oxatricyclo[6.2.1.01,5]undec-6-en-8-ol (10), furanodiene (11), germacrone-4,5-epoxide (12), calcaratarin A (13), isoprocurcumenol (14), germacrone-1,10-epoxide (15), zerumin A (16), curcumanolide A (17), curcuzedoalide (18), and gweicurculactone (19). Compounds (1–19) were evaluated for their antiproliferative effect using MTT assay against four cancer cell lines (Ca Ski, MCF-7, PC-3, and HT-29). Curcumenone (3) and curcumenol (5) displayed strong antiproliferative activity (IC50=8.3±1.0and9.3±0.3 μg/mL, resp.) and were found to induce apoptotic cell death on MCF-7 cells using phase contrast and Hoechst 33342/PI double-staining assay. Thus, the present study provides basis for the ethnomedical application ofCurcuma zedoariain the treatment of breast cancer.

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Weni, Mustika, Mega Safithri, and Djarot Sasongko Hami Seno. "Molecular Docking of Active Compounds Piper crocatum on the A-Glucosidase Enzyme as Antidiabetic." Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology 7, no. 2 (July 11, 2020): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/ijpst.v7i2.21120.

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Ethanol extract of Piper crocatum leaves has inhibitory activity of α-glucosidase enzyme. Ethyl acetate fraction from Piper crocatum leaves has the highest antioxidant activity. Previous research has provided information that the ethyl acetate fraction of Piper crocatum leaves has an inhibition of α-glucosidase containing 6XO32ZSP1D, Ethyl L-serinate hydrochloride compound, Schisandrin B compound, Columbin compound, 4- (4-methoxy-phenylamino) -2 compound, 3-dihydro-1H-4a, 9-diazacyclopenta (b) fluorine-10-carbonitrile, compound 6-Amino-4- [3- (benzyloxy) phenyl] -3-tert-butyl-2,4-dihydropyrano [2, 3-c] pyrazole-5-carbonitrile, compound 4 - {{4.6-Bis [(3R, 5S) -3,5-diamino-1-piperydinyl] -1,3,5-triazine-2-yl} amino) benzenesulfonamide and compound 1.1 '- (1,4-butanediyl) bis {2,6-dimethyl-4 - [(3-methyl-1,3-benzothiazol-2 (3H) ylidene) methyl] pyridinium. This study aims to study the interaction between bioactive compounds contained in ethyl acetate fraction of Piper crocatum leaves with α-glucosidase enzyme in In Silico using AutoDock Vina, Columbin shows the lowest binding energy with binding sites with amino acids Ser240, Asp242, His280, Arg315, Glu411, Phe159, Arg442, Tyr158 and Phe303. Columbin has the stability and inhibits the α-glucosidase enzyme from S. cerevisiae better than the seven other compounds, because it has OH and CH3 groups which play a role in the interaction with around the active side of the α-glucosidase enzyme.Keywords: Columbin, In Silico, α-Glucosidase

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Burgueño-Tapia, Eleuterio, Azucena González-Coloma, Darío Martín-Benito, and Pedro Joseph-Nathan. "Antifeedant and Phytotoxic Activity of Cacalolides and Eremophilanolides." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 62, no. 5-6 (June 1, 2007): 362–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2007-5-608.

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The antifeedant effect of six cacalolides and six eremophilanolides was tested against the herbivorous insects Spodoptera littoralis, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, and Myzus persicae. The test compounds included several natural products isolated from Senecio madagascariensis (14-isovaleryloxy-1,2-dehydrocacalol methyl ether, 4), S. barba-johannis (13-hydroxy-14-oxocacalohastine, 5; 13-acetyloxy-14-oxocacalohastine, 6) and S. toluccanus [6-hydroxyeuryopsin, 7; 1(10)-epoxy-6-hydroxyeuryopsin, 9; toluccanolide A, 11] and the derivatives cacalol methyl ether (1); cacalol acetate (2); 1-acetyloxy-2-methyloxy-1,2,3,4-tetradehydrocacalol acetate (3); 6-acetyloxyeuryopsin (8); 6-acetyloxy-1(10)-epoxyeuryopsin (10), and toluccanolide A acetate (12). Compound 11 and its derivative 12 exhibited moderate antifeedant activity against S. littoralis; 2, 7D10, and 12 showed strong activity against L. decemlineata, while the aphid M. persicae was moderately deterred in the presence of compounds 1, 4, 8, 10, and 12. The phytotoxic activity of 1D12 on Lactuca sativa was also evaluated. Compounds 2 and 4D 12 moderately inhibited seed germination at 24 h, while compounds 1D4, 6, 9, and 10 had a significant inhibition effect on L. sativa radicle length (over 50%).

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Sun, Xiaowei, Huijiao Yan, Yujie Zhang, Xiao Wang, Dawei Qin, and Jinqian Yu. "Preparative Separation of Diterpene Lactones and Flavones from Andrographis paniculate Using Off-Line Two-Dimensional High-Speed Counter-Current Chromatography." Molecules 24, no. 3 (February 11, 2019): 620. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24030620.

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Seven diterpene lactones, andrographolide (1), isoandrographolide (2), neo-andrographolide (3), 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide (4), 14-deoxyandrographiside (5), 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographiside (6), 3,14-dideoxyandrographolide (10), and three flavones, andrographidine C (7), andrographidine A (8), 5-hydroxy-7,8-dimethoxyflavanone (9) have been successfully and efficiently isolated from A. paniculata using an off-line two dimensional (2D) high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) method for the first time. For the first dimension HSCCC separation, petroleum ether-ethyl acetate-methanol-water 3:7:5:5 (v/v) was employed to isolate 14.4 mg of compound 1, 3.1 mg of compound 2, 7.8 mg of compound 3, and 18.0 mg of compound 4 from 200 mg of the A. paniculata extract. For the second dimension HSCCC separation, petroleum ether-ethyl acetate-methanol-water 2:8:1:9 (v/v) and 5:5:6:4 (v/v) were employed to isolate the collected fractions ranged from 55 to 79 min and the flow out fraction, respectively, which led to 5.1 mg of compound 5, 4.4 mg of compound 6, 2.4 mg of compound 7, 3.3 mg of compound 8, 4.0 mg of compound 9, 7.0 mg of compound 10. The structures of these diterpene lactones and flavones were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods.

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21

Rasol, Nurulfazlina Edayah, Fasihuddin Badruddin Ahmad, Chun-Wai Mai, Nur Vicky Bihud, Fauziah Abdullah, Khalijah Awang, and Nor Hadiani Ismail. "Styryl Lactones from Roots and Barks Goniothalamus lanceolatus." Natural Product Communications 13, no. 12 (December 2018): 1934578X1801301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1801301203.

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A new styryl lactone, 5 R,6 R-5-hydroxy-6-styryltetrahydropyrane-2-one 2 was isolated from the roots of an endemic Goniothalamus lanceolatus Miq. of Sarawak, Malaysia. Furthermore, seven previously undescribed diastereomers, 5 R,6 R-5-hydroxygoniothalamin 3, 5 R,6 R-5-acetylgoniothalamin 4, 6 S,7 S,8 S-goniodiol-7-monoacetate 5, 6 S,7 S,8 S-goniodiol-8-monoacetate 6, goniofupyrone B 7, deoxygoniopypyrone B 8 and 1 S,5 S,7 R,8 S,3- endo,7- endo-(+)-8- epi-9-deoxygoniopypyrone acetate 9, along with six known styryl lactones (1, 10–15) were also isolated and characterized. 6 S-goniothalamin 1 is reported for the first time from a Goniothalamus species. 1, 11 and 12 showed cytotoxic activity against human colon and lung cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 2.38–7.59 μM.

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22

Kepert, Cameron J., Lioubov I. Semenova, Lu Wei-Min, Brian W. Skelton, and Allan H. White. "Structural Systematics of Rare Earth Complexes. XII Solvated 1 : 1 Adducts of Some Lanthanoid(III) Carboxylates with 1,10-Phenanthroline and 2,2′:6′,2″-Terpyridine." Australian Journal of Chemistry 52, no. 6 (1999): 481. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch98043.

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A room-temperature single-crystal X-ray structure determination of the 1 : 1 adduct of 1,10-phenanthroline (`phen") with lutetium(III) acetate (as its dihydrate) is recorded. Crystals are triclinic, P 1, a 12·430(8), b 10·681(4), c 8·134(8) Å, α 74·76(6), β 84·81(7), γ 74·29(4)°, Z = 2 f.u.; conventional R on |F| was 0·031 for No 3939 independent ‘observed’ (I > 3σ(I)) diffractometer reflections. The complex [(N,N′-phen)(O,O′-ac)Lu(O-ac-O′)4Lu(O,O′-ac)(N,N′-phen)].2H2O is binuclear, the lutetium being eight-coordinated by bidentate phen and ac (acetate) ligands and four oxygen atoms from the bridging acetate ligands. Also recorded is the structural characterization of 1 : 1 Lu(ac)2Cl/tpy (tpy = 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine) as its pentahydrate; this complex is triclinic, P 1, a 12·410(3), b 11·559(4), c 9·976(4) Å, α 85·19(3), β 70·30(3), γ 65·70(2)°, Z = 2, R 0·049 for No 4717. The complex is shown to be [(tpy)(H2O)2Lu(O2CCH3)2]Cl.3H2O, with the lutetium nine-coordinated by tridentate tpy, a pair of bidentate acetates and two unidentate water molecules, with the chloride uncoordinated. Structural characterizations of a number of 1 : 1 adducts of variously solvated lanthanoid(III) trichloroacetates, Ln(tca)3, with tpy are also recorded. Yb(tca)3/tpy/MeOH (1 : 1 : 1) is triclinic, P 1, a 14·016(4), b 12·951(5), c 9·604(3) Å, α 73·89(3), β 76·56(3), γ 69·20(3)°, Z = 2 f.u., R 0·057 for No 4465. The complex is mononuclear, the eight-coordinate N3YbO5 array containing tridentate tpy, unidentate methanol, and two unidentate and one bidentate chelating anions. 1 : 1 : 1 Ln(tca)3/tpy/OH2 adducts for Ln = La(-)Nd are triclinic, P 1, a ≈ 13·4, b ≈ 12·47, c ≈ 11·5 Å, α ≈ 114·5, β ≈ 89·9, γ ≈ 115·6°, Z = 1 binuclear array, R 0·061, 0·071 for No 3240, 2394. The two Ln atoms are O,O′-bridged by a pair of anions, the N3LnO6 nine-coordinate lanthanoid environment being completed by a tridentate tpy, one water, one unidentate and one bidentate anion. A 1 : 1 : 1 Lu(tca)3/tpy/OH2 array, by contrast, is triclinic, P 1, a 16·569(8), b 14·815(5), c 14·375(6) Å, α 62·05(3), β 81·35(4), γ 77·97(3)°, Z = 4 ‘mononuclear’ f.u., R 0·067 for No 6710. The array, remarkably, contains species of both of the above types in a 1 : 2 binuclear-to-mononuclear ratio, but with water replacing methanol in the mononuclear array.

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23

Cambie, RC, PI Higgs, CM Read, PS Rutledge, GR Ryan, and PD Woodgate. "Phenolic Oxidations of Totarol." Australian Journal of Chemistry 43, no. 4 (1990): 681. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9900681.

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Methods for the direct oxidation of the C12 position of totarol (1) or its methyl ether (4) have been examined. Treatment of (1) with benzeneseleninic anhydride gave the 9-hydroxy dienone (16) which on ozonolysis afforded the spiro butenolide (21), formed via the ozonide (22). The rearranged ether (18) was obtained from one oxidation with benzeneseleninic anhydride. Mercuriation of totarol and totaryl methyl ether gave the mercuriochlorides (5) and (7) but attempts to form the methoxy acetate (6) from (7) by boronation /oxidation and acetylation were unsuccessful. Treatment of totaryl methyl ether (4) with thallium(III) trifluoroacetate gave dienone 14- and 9-trifluoroacetates (25) and (17). Reaction of the (η6-arene) tricarbonylchromium(0) complexes (28) and (29) of (4) with lithioacetonitrile gave the 7α-alcohol (30) but reaction with t- butyllithium and then with copper(I) bromide/ dimethyl sulfide and MoOPH gave the methoxyphenol (12) in 66% yield.

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24

Yang, Ai Mei, Hui Li, Jie Li Liu, Wei Jie Guo, and Rui Wu. "Chemical Constituents of Euphorbia altotibetica." Advanced Materials Research 634-638 (January 2013): 905–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.634-638.905.

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Nine compounds were isolated from the petroleum ether extract of Euphorbia altotibetica. The structures of these compounds were elucidated as: squalene (1), β-sitosterol acetate (2), 11, 15, 19, 23-tetramethy-5, 9, 17-tetracosatrienoic acid (3), physcion (4), (z)-10-nonadecenoic acid (5), (z)-4-undecenoic acid (6), β-sitosterol (7), (24S)-stigmastan-4-en-3-one (8), naringenin (9). These compounds were identified on the basis of comparing their NMR datas with those of corresponding compounds in the literature.

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25

Guang-Zhen, Liu, Li Xin-Wei, and Li Yun-Ping. "Crystal structure of 2-[4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)phenyl]-1H-benzimidazol-3-ium [2-(carboxymethyl)phenyl]acetate monohydrate, C26H24N4O5." Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures 231, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 689–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ncrs-2015-0233.

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AbstractC26H24N4O5, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 8.0382(5) Å, b = 10.0185(6) Å, c = 15.2333(9) Å, α = 81.853(2)°, β = 76.189(2)°, γ = 84.700(2)°, V = 1177.07(12) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0507, wRref(F2) = 0.1449, T = 296(2) K.

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El-Turbi, Jamila A., James A. Alexander, Alexander I. Gray, and Peter G. Waterman. "Further Novel 6,7-Dimethoxy-8-Prenylated Coumarins from the Aerial Parts of Phebalium elatius ssp. becklevi." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 45, no. 9-10 (October 1, 1990): 927–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1990-9-1001.

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Abstract From the aerial parts of Phebalium elatius ssp. beckleri six novel coumarins have been isolat ed. These com pounds are all based on a 6,7-dimethoxycoumarin nucleus with a modified C-8 isoprenyl substituent. The prenyl side chains were identified, primarily on the basis of NMR studies, as 1,2-epoxy-3-methylbut-3-enyl = (+)-6 -methoxyphebalosin (1), 1-acetoxymethyl-2-methylprop-2-enyl = (+)-6 -m ethoxyisomurralonginol acetate (2), 1,2-epoxy-3-hydroxy-4-(3-m ethylbutanoyloxy)-3-m ethylbutanyl = 1 ′,2′-epoxy-6-methoxycasegravol-4′-(3-methyl)-butanoate (3), 1-(S)-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-oxobutanyl = (+)-6 -methoxymurranganon (4), 3-methyl-2-oxotetrahydrofuran-4-yl = 6-methoxy-3′.4′-dihydroisomicrominutin (5) and (E)-3-hydroxy-3-methylbut-l-enyl = 6 -methoxymurraol (6).

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27

López-Bote, C. J., A. Daza, M. Soares, and E. Berges. "Dose-response effect of dietary vitamin E concentration on meat quality characteristics in light-weight lambs." Animal Science 73, no. 3 (December 2001): 451–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800058422.

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AbstractThe research was carried out to evaluate the effect of different dietary α-tocopheryl acetate (DTA) concentrations in light-weight lambs on muscle α-tocopherol accumulation and on quality characteristics of stored meats. Thirty-two Manchego lambs were randomly distributed to four groups and given diets containing four levels of DTA (20, 270, 520 and 1020 mg/kg diet) for 6 weeks. Lambs were slaughtered at live weights ranging from 23·5 to 26·4 kg. A linear (P < 0·001) and quadratic (P < 0·001) effect of dietary supplementation level was observed on muscular α-tocopherol concentration, which fitted the following equation: mg muscle α-tocopherol per kg muscle = 1·78(s.e. 0·18) + 7·08 (s.e.0·89)(1 - e00012DTA)) (P < 0·001, R2 = 0·99). There was a linear effect (P < 0·001) of muscle vitamin E concentration on thiobarbituric acid reactive substance on day 0 of storage, but a linear plus quadratic effect (P < 0·001) on days 3, 6 and 9. Broken line analysis of data at day 9 of storage indicated a target muscle α-tocopherol concentration of 5·4 mg/kg. Evolution of surface redness of lamb chops also showed a linear and quadratic effect of dietary treatment on days 3 and 6 of storage, but only a linear effect on day 9. Broken line analysis of data at 3 and 6 days indicated a target α-tocopherol concentration in the range 5·3 to 5·6 mg/kg muscle for optimum red colour stability. Surface luminosity showed no effect of dietary treatment at days 0, 3 and 6 of storage but a linear (P < 0·01) plus quadratic (P < 0·05) effect on day 9 of storage. Broken line analysis at this point indicated a target muscle α-tocopherol concentration of 3·2 mg/kg. It is concluded that the effectiveness of dietary α-tocopheryl acetate supplementation depends on the meat quality attribute assessed. A significant positive effect for lipid oxidation can be reached even at the lower supplementation level utilized in this experiment (270 mg/kg diet). However, considering the protecting effect at different storage times and particularly the effect on meat surface redness, the optimum level would be in the range 5·3 to 5·6 mg/kg muscle, which correspond to a dietary inclusion of 550 to 625 mg α-tocopheryl acetate/kg diet.

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Fang, Bo, Jiang Ping Meng, and Lin Ling Gan. "Crystal structure of methyl 2-(4-(3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6-yl)phenyl)acetate, C19H17N5O2." Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures 234, no. 3 (March 26, 2019): 575–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ncrs-2018-0580.

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Brenstrum, Timothy J., Margaret A. Brimble, and Peter Turner. "endo-(1′R,2′R,5′S,7′R,9′S)-2-(9′-Benzyloxy-2′-phenyl-3′,6′-dioxabicyclo[3.2.2]nonan-7′-yl)-7-bromo-5,8-dimethoxynaphthalen-1-yl acetate." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 57, no. 1 (December 1, 2000): o28—o29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536800018092.

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Quek, Alexandra, Hafizah Mohd Zaini, Nur Kartinee Kassim, Fadzil Sulaiman, Yaya Rukayadi, Amin Ismail, Zamirah Zainal Abidin, and Khalijah Awang. "Oxygen radical antioxidant capacity (ORAC) and antibacterial properties of Melicope glabra bark extracts and isolated compounds." PLOS ONE 16, no. 5 (May 10, 2021): e0251534. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251534.

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Melicope glabra (Blume) T. G. Hartley from the Rutaceae family is one of the richest sources of plant secondary metabolites, including coumarins and flavanoids. This study investigates the free radical scavenging and antibacterial activities of M. glabra and its isolated compounds. M. glabra ethyl acetate and methanol extracts were prepared using the cold maceration technique. The isolation of compounds was performed with column chromatography. The free radical scavenging activity of the extracts and isolated compounds were evaluated based on their oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) activities. The extracts and compounds were also subjected to antibacterial evaluation using bio-autographic and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) techniques against two oral pathogens, Enterococcus faecalis and Streptococcus mutans. Isolation of phytoconstituents from ethyl acetate extract successfully yielded quercetin 3, 5, 3’-trimethyl ether (1) and kumatakenin (2), while the isolation of the methanol extract resulted in scoparone (3), 6, 7, 8-trimethoxycoumarin (4), marmesin (5), glabranin (6), umbelliferone (7), scopoletin (8), and sesamin (9). The study is the first to isolate compound (1) from Rutaceae plants, and also the first to report the isolation of compounds (2–5) from M. glabra. The ORAC evaluation showed that the methanol extract is stronger than the ethyl acetate extract, while umbelliferone (7) exhibited the highest ORAC value of 24 965 μmolTE/g followed by glabranin (6), sesamin (9) and scopoletin (8). Ethyl acetate extract showed stronger antibacterial activity towards E. faecalis and S. mutans than the methanol extract with MIC values of 4166.7 ± 1443.4 μg/ml and 8303.3 ± 360.8 μg/ml respectively. Ethyl acetate extract inhibited E. faecalis growth, as shown by the lowest optical density value of 0.046 at a concentration of 5.0 mg/mL with a percentage inhibition of 95%. Among the isolated compounds tested, umbelliferone (7) and sesamin (9) exhibited promising antibacterial activity against S. mutans with both exhibiting MIC values of 208.3 ± 90.6 μg/ml. Findings from this study suggests M. glabra as a natural source of potent antioxidant and antibacterial agents.

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Ghareeb, Mosad A., Omar M. Khalaf, Mohamed S. Abdel-Aziz, Amal M. Saad, Hassan M. F. Madkour, Ahmed K. El-Ziaty, and Laila A. Refahy. "Chemical Profiles and Bio-Activities of Different Extracts of Terfezia Species and their Other Associated Fungi." Current Bioactive Compounds 16, no. 3 (June 10, 2020): 308–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573407214666181009110805.

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Background: Desert truffles (Terfezia species) are known by their vital nutritional benefits as they are considered as rich sources of vitamins, fatty acid, minerals and proteins. Methods: The chemical constituents of the different solvent extracts of Terfezia species were isolated and identified by column chromatography, spectroscopic and GC-MS analyses. Also, the ethyl acetate and acetone extracts of different fungal isolates, associated Terfezia, after grown on rice medium were screened for their antimicrobial, anticancer and antioxidant activities via disc agar plate, micro culture tetrazolium (MTT) and 2,2-azino-di-[3-ethylbenzo-thiazolin-sulphonate] (ABTS) assays, respectively. The promising fugal strains were molecularly identified by 18SrRNA tool. Results: Bio-guided separation of methylene chloride, ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions of Terfezia species led to identification of nine compounds namely; (R)-4,8-dihydroxy-7-hydroxymethyl-6- methoxy isochroman-1-one (1), 4-deoxy-4α-phorbal-12-(2,3-dimethyl)butyrate-13-isobutyrate (2), oxyphylline B (3), terfezien A (4), latilagascene D (5), amaiouine (6), senbusine acetate (7), terfezien B (8) and marinoquinoline D (9). Moreover, sixteen compounds were identified in the n-hexane extract via GC-MS analysis, accounting for 93.69% of the total detected components in the extract. While, twenty five components were detected in the methylene chloride extract, representing 43.86% from total detected components in the extract. Eight fungal strains were isolated from Terfezia sp., powder by serial dilution methods and these fungi were cultivated on solid rice medium. Also, their ethyl acetate and acetone extracts were subjected to biological studies including antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer activities. The three potent fungal strains (1M, 4M and 8M) were identified by the molecular technique 18SrRNA as Aspergillus niger 1M-EGY-IQ, Penicillium crustosum 4M-EGY-IQ, and Fusarium proliferatum 8M-EGY-IQ for 1M, 4M and 8M, respectively. Conclusion: Terfezia sp., comprise a rich source of bioactive compounds and could be considered as an interesting candidate for the treatment of infectious diseases.

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Salama, Maha M., Shahira M. Ezzat, and Amany A. Sleem. "A New Hepatoprotective Flavone Glycoside from the Flowers of Onopordum alexandrinum Growing in Egypt." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 66, no. 5-6 (June 1, 2011): 251–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2011-5-608.

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A bioactivity-guided fractionation of the ethyl acetate fraction of the flowers of Onopordum alexandrinum L. (Asteraceae) yielded a new flavonoidal glycoside designated as acacetin-7-O-galacturonide (9), alongside with nine known flavonoids; 6-methoxy-apigenin (hispidulin) (1), acacetin (2), apigenin (3), luteolin (4), kaempferol (5), eriodictyol (6), apigenin- 7-O-glucoside (7), luteolin-7-O-glucoside (8), and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (10). The compounds were assayed for their hepatoprotective activity against CCl4-induced hepatic cell damage in rats and free radical scavenging activity using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Compounds 4, 6, 9, and 10 have not been previously reported from flowers of O. alexandrinum L., and this is the first report of acacetin-7-O-galacturonide (9) in nature which has also shown significant hepatoprotective and free radical scavenging effects. The isolated compounds were identified using different spectroscopic methods (UV, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, HMQC, HMBC, and COSY).

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Green, Michael H., and Joanne Balmer Green. "Vitamin A Absorption Determined in Rats Using a Plasma Isotope Ratio Method." Journal of Nutrition 150, no. 7 (April 9, 2020): 1977–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxaa092.

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ABSTRACT Background Better methods are needed for determining vitamin A absorption efficiency. Objective Our objective was to measure vitamin A absorption in rats by adapting a plasma isotope ratio method previously used to determine cholesterol absorption. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats [n = 14; 340 ± 16 g (mean ± SD)] received an oral tracer dose of [3H]retinyl acetate in oil plus an intravenous dose of [14C]vitamin A–labeled lymph prepared in a donor rat that had received [14C]retinyl acetate intraduodenally. Blood samples were collected on days 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, and 12, and plasma was analyzed for 3H and 14C; vitamin A absorption was calculated for each sample as (fraction of oral dose/fraction of intravenous dose) × 100. Radioactivity was also measured in feces and urine collected as pools on days 3, 6, 9, and 12 and in liver and remaining carcass on day 12. Results Vitamin A absorption calculated as the plasma isotope ratio was >100% on day 1, 78% ± 5% on day 6, 76% ± 5% on day 9, and 74% ± 5% on day 12; fitting the data to an exponential function plus a constant predicted an absorption of 75% by day 14. Recovery of the oral dose in feces (day 0 to day 6) was low (6.2% ± 0.84%, n = 10) and the mean isotope ratio in day 9–12 urine pool was lower than that in plasma. Conclusions The plasma isotope ratio holds promise for estimating vitamin A absorption, but additional work is needed to determine how long studies need to be and if the doses should be administered simultaneously. For application of this method in humans, artificial chylomicrons labeled with a stable isotope of retinyl acetate could be used for the intravenous dose, with a different isotope required for the oral dose.

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Vlotides, George, Kathrin Zitzmann, Sabine Hengge, Dieter Engelhardt, Gunter K. Stalla, and Christoph J. Auernhammer. "Expression of Novel Neurotrophin-1/B-Cell Stimulating Factor-3 (NNT-1/BSF-3) in Murine Pituitary Folliculostellate TtT/GF Cells: Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide and Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide-Induced Stimulation of NNT-1/BSF-3 Is Mediated by Protein Kinase A, Protein Kinase C, and Extracellular-Signal-Regulated Kinase1/2 Pathways." Endocrinology 145, no. 2 (February 1, 2004): 716–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2003-0813.

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Abstract Novel neurotrophin-1/B cell stimulating factor-3 (NNT-1/BSF-3) is a gp130 cytokine potently stimulating corticotroph proopiomelanocortin gene expression and ACTH secretion by a Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT)-dependent mechanism. In the current study, we examined the regulation of NNT-1/BSF-3 mRNA expression in murine pituitary folliculostellate TtT/GF cells using Northern blot technique. A 5- to 9-fold and a 4- to 7-fold induction in NNT-1/BSF-3 mRNA expression was observed between 2 and 6 h stimulation with the protein kinase C (PKC) stimulus phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (100 nm) and the protein kinase A (PKA) stimulus Bu2cAMP (5 mm), respectively. Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP-38, 50 nm) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, 50 nm) also stimulated NNT-1/BSF-3 mRNA expression 5- to 9-fold between 2 and 6 h. Preincubation with PKC and PKA inhibitors such as H-7 (20 μm), GF109203X (50 μm), and H-89 (50 μm) decreased the stimulatory effects of PACAP and VIP. Both PACAP-38 and VIP also rapidly induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation and their stimulatory effect on NNT-1/BSF-3 mRNA expression was reduced by the MAPK kinase/ERK kinase (MEK) inhibitor U0126 (10 μm). Dexamethasone (10−7m) was a potent inhibitor of phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced NNT-1/BSF-3 expression. RT-PCR analysis demonstrated TtT/GF cells to express the short and the hop variant but not the hip variant of the PACAP-1 receptor (PAC1-R). In addition, TtT/GF cells express the VIP/PACAP-2 receptor (VPAC2-R). In summary, NNT-1/BSF-3 is expressed in pituitary folliculostellate TtT/GF cells and induced by PKC-, PKA-, and ERK1/2-dependent mechanisms. The novel gp130 cytokine NNT-1/BSF-3 derived from folliculostellate cells might act as a paracrine neuroimmunoendocrine modulator of pituitary corticotroph function.

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Guo, Hai Yan, and Zhen Zhen Zheng. "Analysis on Active Behavior of Wheat Straw by Py-GC-MS." Advanced Materials Research 496 (March 2012): 189–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.496.189.

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In order to find out its active behavior, the extractives of wheat straw biomass were adsorbed and determined by Py-GC-MS. And the main constituents were eicosane, stigmasterol, 22,23-dihydro-, .gamma.-sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol, nonacosane, stigmast-4-en-3-one, lup-20(29)-en-3-one, 13-tetradecen-1-ol acetate, 1,3-butadiene, 2- methyl-, 9-octadecenoic acid, (e)-, acetic acid, stigmast-5-en-3-ol, oleate, 1-nonadecene, heptacosane, 4,22-stigmastadiene-3-one, 4-((1e)-3-hydroxy-1-propenyl)-2- methoxyphenol, 1-heptene, 2-isohexyl-6-methyl-, etc.

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Hong, Yong, Wei Liu, and Gaozhang Gou. "Crystal structure of [4-chloro-2-(((2-((3-ethoxy-2-oxidobenzylidene)amino)phenyl)imino)(phenyl)methyl)phenolato-κ4N,N′,O,O′}nickel(II) - ethyl acetate (1/1), C32H29ClN2NiO5." Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures 233, no. 6 (November 27, 2018): 989–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ncrs-2018-0071.

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AbstractC32H29ClN2NiO5, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 9.7657(5) Å, b = 10.1262(6) Å, c = 16.0745(9) Å, α = 83.025(2)°, β = 77.437(2)°, γ = 66.240(2)°, V = 1419.02(14) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0403, wRref(F2) = 0.0908, T = 293(2) K.

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Bergquist, PR, BF Bowden, RC Cambie, PA Craw, P. Karuso, A. Poiner, and WC Taylor. "The Constituents of Marine Sponges. VI. Diterpenoid Metabolites of the New Zealand Sponge Chelonaplysilla violacea." Australian Journal of Chemistry 46, no. 5 (1993): 623. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9930623.

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The sponge Chelonaplysilla violacea, collected from New Zealand coastal waters, contains as major constituents the diterpenoids aplyviolene (1a), norrisolide (2), dendrillolide A (3) aplyroseol-7 (4), spongian-16-one (5), chelonaplysin C (6), and a series of new compounds cheloviolene A-F and cheloviolin. Structures were assigned to cheloviolene A (7), [3aR-[3aα,4α(1R*,3aR*,8aS*),5β,6aα]]-5-hydroxy-4(1,4,4-trimethyl-8-methylenedecahydroazulen-1-yl) tetrahydrofuro [2,3- b] furan-2(3H)-one, cheloviolene B (8), [3aR-[3aα,4a(1R*,3aR*, 8aS*),5α,6aα]]-5-hydroxy-4-(1,4,4-trimethyl-8-methylenedecahydroazulen-1-yl) tetrahydrofuro [2,3-b]furan-2(3H)-one, cheloviolene C (9), [1'ξ(1R*,3aS*,7aS*),4ξ]-4-[1′-( acetyloxymethyl )-2′-(4,4,7a-trimethyloctahydro-1H-inden-1-yl)prop-2′-enyl] dihydrofuran -2(3H)-one, cheloviolene D (10), methyl [3α,4α(1R*,3aR*,8aS*)]-5-oxo-4-(1,4,4-trimethyl-8-methylenedecahydroazulen-1-yl)tetrahydrofuran-3-acetate, cheloviolene E (11), methyl [3α,4α-(1R*,3aS*,7aS*)]-5-oxo-4-[1′-(4,4,7a-trimethyloctahydro-1H-inden-1-yl) ethenyl ]tetrahydrofuran-3-acetate, and cheloviolene F (12), [4ξ,5ξ(1R*,3R*,8aS*)]-4-( acetyloxymethyl )-5-(1,4,4-trimethyl-8-methylenedecahydroazulen-1-yl) tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-one, by using spectroscopic methods; the structure (13) was deduced for cheloviolin, [1S-[1α,5α,6α,8R*(1aS*,3aS*,7aS*,7b-R*)]]-6-acetyloxy-8-(4,4,7a-trimethyldecahydrocylopropa[a] naphthalen-la-yl )-2,7-dioxabicyclo- [3.2.1]octan-3-one.

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Maamria, Leyla, Hamada Haba, Catherine Lavaud, Dominique Harakat, and Mohammed Benkhaled. "An isoflavan and saponins from Astragalus depressus L." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 80, no. 2 (2015): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc140526094m.

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In this study, nine known secondary metabolites were isolated from ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts of Astragalus depressus L. (Fabaceae family), including one isoflavan, namely pendulone (1) and eight saponins, namely cyclogaleginoside A (2), astrasieversianin II (3), astrasieversianin IV (4), astrasieversianin VII (5), astrasieversianin VI (6), astrasieversianin XIV (7), dehydrosoyasaponin I (8) and soyasaponin I (9). The structures of compounds 1-9 were elucidated by using spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D NMR, ESI mass spectrometry and comparison with literature data.

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Zhang, Yuqin, Guohong Yan, Chengtao Sun, Huang Li, Yanhui Fu, and Wei Xu. "Apoptosis Effects of Dihydrokaempferol Isolated from Bauhinia championii on Synoviocytes." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2018 (December 2, 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9806160.

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Bauhinia championii (Benth.) Benth. is a traditional medicinal plant used in China to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA), especially in She ethnic minority group. This study focused on the active constituents from the rattan of B. championii (Benth.) Benth., which possess potential apoptosis effects. A conventional phytochemical separation method for the isolation of compounds from the ethyl acetate extract of B. championii was developed. The procedure involved extraction, liquid–liquid partitioning with ethyl acetate, and subsequent compound purification, respectively. Additionally, cell viability of dihydrokaempferol found abundantly in it was evaluated in vitro by MTS, and the antiapoptosis effect was evaluated by annexin V/PI staining (Flow Cytometry Analysis) and western blot. The results showed that nine flavonoids, and five other compounds, were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of B. championii and were identified as β-sitosterol (1), 5,6,7,3',4',5'-hexamethoxyflavone (2), 3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone (3), 5,7,3',4',5'-pentamethoxyflavone (4), 4'-hydroxy-5,7,3',5'-pentamethoxyflavone (5), apigenin (6), liquiritigenin (7), 5, 7-dihydroxylcoumarin (8), 3',4',5,7, -pentamethoxyflavone (9), n-octadecanoate (10), lupine ketone (11), dibutylphthalate (12), dihydrokaempferol (13), and 5,7,3′,5′-tetrahydroxy-6-methylflavanone (14). Among these compounds, 5-14 were isolated for the first time from B. championii. In addition, apoptosis effects of abundant dihydrokaempferol were evaluated in vitro. Dihydrokaempferol exhibited inhibitory effects on the proliferation of synoviocytes. Furthermore, dihydrokaempferol promoted Bax and Bad expression, as well as the cleavage of caspase-9, caspase-3, and PARP. Meanwhile, it inhibited Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL expression. These findings indicate that dihydrokaempferol isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of B. championii effectively promotes apoptosis, which is an important process through suppression of apoptotic activity. The results are encouraging for further studies on the use of B. championii in the treatment of RA.

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Jang, Hyun-Jae, Eun-Jae Park, Seung-Jae Lee, Hyung-Jin Lim, Jin Jo, Seung Lee, and Mun-Chual Rho. "Diarylheptanoids from Curcuma phaeocaulis Suppress IL-6-Induced STAT3 Activation." Planta Medica 85, no. 02 (August 10, 2018): 94–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0668-0962.

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AbstractThree undescribed diarylheptanoids (3–5) and six known curcuminoids (1, 2, and 6–9) were obtained from the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction of an ethanolic extract of Curcuma phaeocaulis. Their chemical structures and absolute configurations were elucidated by high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, circular dichroism spectroscopy, and the modified Mosherʼs method. Previous studies constructed Hep3B cells stably transfected with pSTAT3-Luc plasmid containing STAT3 binding site to discover STAT3 inhibitors from natural products. The STAT3 inhibitory activities of all isolates were measured in transfected Hep3B cells after treatment with IL-6. Compound 5 ((5R)-1,7-Bis(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-methoxy-1-hepten-5-ol), demethoxycurcumin (7), and curcumin (8) exhibited significant inhibitory activity (IC50 values: 11.1, 1.9, and 1.6 µM, respectively). Furthermore, IL-6-induced phosphorylation of STAT3, and the mRNA expression levels of inflammation-related genes such as CRP, IL-1β, ICAM-1, and SOCS3 were significantly reduced by exposure to compound 5. These data suggested that the inhibitory activity of 5 is associated with the suppression of STAT3 phosphorylation. Thus, compound 5 may be a promising candidate for the treatment of cancer or inflammatory diseases related to the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway.

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Manguro, Lawrence Onyango Arot, Sylvia Awino Opiyo, Eberhardt Herdtweck, and Peter Lemmen. "Triterpenes of Commiphora holtziana oleo-gum resin." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 87, no. 8 (August 2009): 1173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v09-078.

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Chemical analysis of the acetone extract of Commiphora holtziana gum resin has led to the isolation of triterpenes characterized as methyl 3-oxo-1α,19α,28-trihydroxyurs-12-en-24-oate (1), methyl 3β-acetyl-2α,11α,19α,28-tetrahydroxyurs-12-en-24-oate (2), methyl 3β,11α-diacetyl-1α,2α,28-trihydroxyurs-12-ene-24-oate (3), and 3β,28-diacetyl-1α,2α,25-trihydroxydammar-23-ene (4). The known compounds isolated from the same extract included cabraleadiol monoacetate (5), mansumbinol (6), 3β-acetylamyrin (7), 3α-acetylboswellic acid (8), 2-methoxy-8,12-epoxygermacra-1(10),7,11-trien-6-one (9), 2-methoxy-5-acetylfuranogermacra-1(10),7,11-trien-6-one (10), furadienone (11), 2-methoxy-5-acetyl-4-furanogermacra-1(10)Z-en-6-one (12), α-amyrin (13), sistosterol (14) and stigmasterol 3-O-acetate (15). Structural elucidation was carried out using spectroscopic and physical methods as well as by comparison with the literature data.

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Zhang, Jinyan, Chang Liu, Jianhua Wei, Bing Li, Xin Zhan, Yunqing Li, Ji Hao, Rumei Lu, and Xinzhou Yang. "Cytotoxic Compounds From Ludwigia hyssopifolia." Natural Product Communications 14, no. 9 (September 2019): 1934578X1987098. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x19870982.

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Purification of the petroleum ether and ethyl acetate fractions from Ludwigia hyssopifolia yielded 9 natural products, ethyl gallate (1), vanillin (2), trans- p-hydroxycinnamic acid (3), trans- p-hydroxy-ethyl cinnamate (4), ozoroalide (5), scopoletin (6), de- O-methyllasiodiplodin (7), syringaldehyde (8), and 3,3′-dimethoxy-4,4′-dihydroxy-stilbene (9). The structures of 1 to 9 were determined by spectroscopic analyses including 1D Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) (1H NMR and 13C NMR) and Mass Spectrum (MS) data. Four compounds displayed cytotoxic effects on the human laryngeal cancer Hep-2 cell line. Compounds 5 and 7 were also effective against TU212 cell line and significantly inhibited cancer cell growth in a dose- and time-dependent manner on Hep-2 cell line.

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Kaennakam, Sutin, Jirapast Sichaem, Suttira Khumkratok, Pongpun Siripong, and Santi Tip-pyang. "A New Taraxerol Derivative from the Roots of Microcos Tomentosa." Natural Product Communications 8, no. 10 (October 2013): 1934578X1300801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1300801007.

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A new 3β- O-vanilloyl-taraxerol, microcisin (1) and eight known compounds, 3β-taraxerol acetate (2), 3β-taraxerol (3), cholest-4-en-3-one (4), cholest-4-en-6β-ol-3-one (5), β-sitosterol (6), 7-hydroxycadalene (7), mellein (8) and vanillin (9), were isolated from the roots of Microcos tomentosa. The structures were determined by extensive analysis of their spectroscopic data. All isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against KB and HeLa cells.

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Liu, Wei, Muhammad Farrukh Nisar, and Chunpeng Wan. "Characterization of Phenolic Constituents from Prunus cerasifera Ldb Leaves." Journal of Chemistry 2020 (January 11, 2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5976090.

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To elucidate the chemical compositions of Prunus cerasifera Ldb leaves, the methanol extracts were firstly fractionated by ethyl acetate and n-butanol, respectively. The phenolic acid-rich fractions (ethyl acetate extracts) were further isolated by various chromatographic columns (CC) including MCI macroporous resin, normal-phase silica gel, Sephadex gel LH-20, octadecyl silane (ODS), and preparative HPLC to yield the phenolic compounds. The isolated compounds were analyzed by 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), 13C-NMR, and electrospray ionization mass spectral (ESI-MS) spectroscopy. Eleven phenolic acids were identified as p-coumaric acid (1), caffeic acid (2), ferulic acid (3), chlorogenic acid (4), 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid (5), 5-O-coumaroylquinic acid (6), 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid methyl ester (7), chlorogenic acid methyl ester (8), 3-O-caffeoyl-5-O-coumaroylquinic acid or 3-O-coumaroyl-5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (9), gallic acid (10), and protocatechuic acid (11). The current study pioneers to identify and report all the phenolic constituents from P. cerasifera Ldb leaves.

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Badria, Farid A., Madiha Ameen, and Mohamed R. Akl. "Evaluation of Cytotoxic Compounds from Calligonum comosum L. Growing in Egypt." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 62, no. 9-10 (October 1, 2007): 656–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2007-9-1005.

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Calligonum comosum (Polygonaceae), an Egyptian desert plant, was extracted and fractionated using petroleum ether, methylene chloride, and ethyl acetate. The total methanolic extract and other fractions were tested for their anticancer activity using Ehrlich ascites, brine shrimp and antioxidant assays. Ethyl acetate fraction proved to be the most active in all assays. Eight compounds were isolated, purified, and identified from this fraction as (+)- catechin (1), dehydrodicatechin A (2), kaempferol-3-O-rhamnopyranoside (3), quercitrin (quercetin-3-O-rhamnopyranoside) (4), β-sitosterol-3-O-glucoside (5), isoquercitrin (quercetin- 3-O-glucopyranoside) (6), kaempferol-3-O-glucuronide (7), and mequilianin (quercetin-3- O-glucuronide) (8). All isolated compounds were tested for their cytotoxicity and antioxidant activity. Compound 2 showed the best cytotoxic and antioxidant activity.

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Fatahian Dehkordi, Rahmat Allah, Soren Nooraie, and Alborz Yadollahi. "A Stereological Study on Colon Tissue Layers of Type 1 Diabetic Rats Following Thiamine and Lead Acetate Use." Journal of Arak University Medical Sciences 24, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 36–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/jams.24.1.4927.2.

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Background and Aim: Diabetes is a well-known disease with such complications, as retinopathy, nephropathy, and gastropathy. This study aimed to investigate the effects of thiamine and lead acetate on the colon of induced-alloxan diabetic rats; the effects of which become obvious in the treatment or reduction of tissue complications caused by diabetes. Methods & Materials: In this study, 63 rats weighing 200 g were divided into 9 groups, as follows: 1) Group of diabetes+pb acetate 200 ppm; 2) Group of thiamin+pb acetate 200 ppm; 3) Group of thiamine+pb acetate 1000 ppm; 4) Group of diabetes+thiamine+Pb acetate 1000 ppm; 5) Diabetes group; 6) Group of diabetes+thiamine; 7) Group of diabetes+thiamine+acetate 200 ppm; 8) Group of diabetes+pb acetate 1000 ppm, and 9) the control group. After 20 days, the study samples were removed from the abdominal cavity and the slides were prepared by routine tissue method. Then, the slides were evaluated for stereological and histomorphometric studies. Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University (Code: GRN1M1903). Moreover, all methods used in the present study, including facilitation, were conducted per the ethical principles of animal restraint. Results: The mean thickness of mucosa-sub-mucosa suggested significant differences in groups 6 and 7, compared to other treatment groups. There was a significant difference in the thickness of the muscle layer between the control and all treatment groups except for groups 2, 6, and 7. There was no significant difference in the mean thickness of advantia layer in groups 1, 7, and 8, and the control group. The obtained results also indicated a significant difference concerning different layers of colon tissue between group 1 and controls. Conclusion: Based on the present research results, thiamine presented enhancing effects on muscle layer thickness and adventitia layer thickness. Furthermore, the area of the mucosal layer was not affected by the improving effects of thiamine.

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Sultana, Nighat, Muhammad Saleem Qazi, and Mustafa Kamal. "New Anti-inflammatory Triterpene Esters and Glycosides from Alstonia scholaris." Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 19, no. 4 (October 15, 2020): 370–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871523018666190724122406.

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Background:: Phytochemical studies on the ethanolic extract of aerial parts of Alstonia scholaris lead to the isolation of two new triterpenoid of the lanostanetype, lanosta 5ene,24-ethyl-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), lanosta,5ene,24-ethyl-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosideester (2) and new ursane type triterpenoidmethylester, 12-ursene-2,3,18,19-tetrol,28 acetate (nighascholarene) (3), together with seven known triterpenes, betuline, triterpene of the lupane type, alstoprenyol (4), 3β-hydroxy-28-β-acetoxy-5-olea triterpene (5),α-amyrin acetate (6), α-amyrin (7), lupeol acetate (8), 3β-hydroxy-24-nor-urs-4,12,28-triene triterpene (9) and ursolic acid (l0). Methodology:: The triterpenoid structures of these colorless compounds were deduced from the 1H and 13C-NMR data, and in particular from the application of two-dimensional 1H, 13C correlation experiments as well as by comparison with reported literature data. Results and Conclusion: This study deals with isolation and structural elucidation of natural new triterpenoidesters and glycosides with anti-inflammatory activity.

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Dadou, Said, Sevgi Kansiz, Said Daoui, Fouad El Kalai, Cemile Baydere, Rafik Saddik, Khalid Karrouchi, Necmi Dege, and Noureddine Benchat. "Crystal structures and Hirshfeld surface analyses of 4-benzyl-6-phenyl-4,5-dihydropyridazin-3(2H)-one and methyl 2-[5-(2,6-dichlorobenzyl)-6-oxo-3-phenyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyridazin-1-yl]acetate." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 75, no. 11 (October 22, 2019): 1679–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989019013707.

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The asymmetric units of the title compounds both contain one nonplanar molecule. In 4-benzyl-6-phenyl-4,5-dihydropyridazin-3(2H)-one, C17H14N2O, (I), the phenyl and pyridazine rings are twisted with respect to each other, making a dihedral angle of 46.69 (9)°; the phenyl ring of the benzyl group is nearly perpendicular to the plane of the pyridazine ring, the dihedral angle being 78.31 (10)°. In methyl 2-[5-(2,6-dichlorobenzyl)-6-oxo-3-phenyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyridazin-1-yl]acetate, C20H16Cl2N2O3, (II), the phenyl and pyridazine rings are twisted with respect to each other, making a dihedral angle of 21.76 (18)°, whereas the phenyl ring of the dichlorobenzyl group is inclined to the pyridazine ring by 79.61 (19)°. In the crystal structure of (I), pairs of N—H...O hydrogen bonds link the molecules into inversion dimers with an R 2 2(8) ring motif. In the crystal structure of (II), C—H...O hydrogen bonds generate dimers with R 1 2(7), R 2 2(16) and R 2 2(18) ring motifs. The Hirshfeld surface analyses of compound (I) suggests that the most significant contributions to the crystal packing are by H...H (48.2%), C...H/H...C (29.9%) and O...H/H...O (8.9%) contacts. For compound (II), H...H (34.4%), C...H/H...C (21.3%) and O...H/H...O (16.5%) interactions are the most important contributions.

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Tatli, I. Irem, Zeliha S. Akdemir, Erdem Yesilada, and Esra Küpeli. "Anti-Inflammatory and Antinociceptive Potential of Major Phenolics from Verbascum salviifolium Boiss." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 63, no. 3-4 (April 1, 2008): 196–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2008-3-406.

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The potential effects of flavonoids, phenylethanoid and neolignan glycosides from the aerial parts of Verbascum salviifolium Boiss. were studied in the p-benzoquinone-induced writhing reflex, for the assessment of the antinociceptive activity, and in carrageenan- and PGE1- induced hind paw edema and 12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-acetate (TPA)-induced ear edema models in mice, for the assessment of the anti-inflammatory activity. Through bioassay-guided fractionation and isolation procedures ten compounds from the aqueous extract of the plant, luteolin 7-O-glucoside (1), luteolin 3′-O-glucoside (2), apigenin 7-O-glucoside (3), chrysoeriol 7-O-glucoside (4), β-hydroxyacteoside (5), martynoside (6), forsythoside B (7), angoroside A (8), dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol-9-O′-d-glucopyranoside (9) and dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol- 9′-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (10), were isolated and their structures were elucidated by spectral techniques. Results have shown that 1, 2, 3 and 5 significantly inhibited carrageenaninduced paw edema at a 200 mg/kg dose, while 1, 2 and 5 also displayed anti-inflammatory activity against the PGE1-induced hind paw edema model. However, all the compounds showed no effect in the TPA-induced ear edema model. The compounds 1 and 2 also exhibited significant antinociceptive activity

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Liu, Jin, Yong Wang, Yi Lu, Qiao Feng, Faming Zhang, Changqing Qi, Jihong Wei, and Debi Prasanna Kanungo. "Effect of Polyvinyl Acetate Stabilization on the Swelling-Shrinkage Properties of Expansive Soil." International Journal of Polymer Science 2017 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8128020.

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Polyvinyl acetate constitutes a class of polymers that can entirely dissolve in water to form a solution. In this study, polyvinyl acetate as a nontraditional chemical stabilizer was used in soil improvement. Laboratory tests were carried out to evaluate the effect of polyvinyl acetate on swelling-shrinkage properties of expansive soil. A series of shrink/swell tests were performed with adding polyvinyl acetate as amendment at a concentration 3 g/cm3 to four aggregate sizes in the range of 0–0.5 mm, 0.5–1 mm, 1-2 mm, and 2–5 mm and five concentrations 1.5 g/cm3, 3 g/cm3, 4.5 g/cm3, 6 g/cm3, and 9 g/cm3 to soils with aggregate size in the range of 0.5–1 mm for comparison of results with those of untreated soils. The results show that all the linear swelling ratio (LSWR) and linear shrinkage ratio (LSHR) values of the treated specimens decrease. SEM images and the test results indicate the achieved reduction in volume change of the soil tested using soil pore filling and particle encapsulation.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Decadiene-5,8ol-1(dimethyl-3,9 isopropyl-6)acetate|fin'

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