Journal articles: 'Decision making. Money'

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Verweij, E. Joanne, Diederik Veersema, Eva Pajkrt, and Monique C. Haak. "Decision making in prenatal screening: money matters." Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica 94, no. 2 (October 26, 2014): 212–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/aogs.12518.

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Gödör, Zsuzsanna, and Georgina Szabó. "Would you Make the Right Decision? – Decision Making Biases in Economy - Related Dilemmas." Valahian Journal of Economic Studies 9, no. 1 (April 1, 2018): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/vjes-2018-0006.

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Abstract As they say, money can’t buy happiness. However, the lack of it can make people’s lives much harder. From the moment we open our first bank account, we have to make lots of financial decisions in our life. Should I save some money or should I spend it? Is it a good idea to ask for a loan? How to invest my money? When we make such decisions, unfortunately we sometimes make mistakes, too. In this study, we selected seven common decision making biases - anchoring and adjustment, overconfidence, high optimism, the law of small numbers, framing effect, disposition effect and gambler’s fallacy – and tested them on the Hungarian population via an online survey. In the focus of our study was the question whether the presence of economic knowledge helps people make better decisions? The decision making biases found in literature mostly appeared in the sample as well. It proves that people do apply them when making decisions and in certain cases this could result in serious and costly errors. That’s why it would be absolutely important for people to learn about them, thus increasing their awareness and attention when making decisions. Furthermore, in our research we did find some connection between decisions and the knowledge of economics, people with some knowledge of economics opted for the better solution in bigger proportion

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Ross, Stuart, and Michelle Hannan. "Money laundering regulation and risk‐based decision‐making." Journal of Money Laundering Control 10, no. 1 (January 9, 2007): 106–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13685200710721890.

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Bell, R. E. "Discretion and Decision Making in Money Laundering Prosecutions." Journal of Money Laundering Control 5, no. 1 (March 2001): 42–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb027292.

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Yamamori, Tetsuo, Kazuyuki Iwata, and Akira Ogawa. "Does money illusion matter in intertemporal decision making?" Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 145 (January 2018): 465–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2017.11.019.

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Verweij, E. J. (Joanne), Diederik Veersema, Eva Pajkrt, and Monique Haak. "674: Decision making in prenatal screening; money matters." American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 206, no. 1 (January 2012): S300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2011.10.692.

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Gong, Yanping, Wei Hou, Qin Zhang, and Shuang Tian. "Discounts or gifts? Not just to save money." Journal of Contemporary Marketing Science 1, no. 1 (September 3, 2018): 53–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcmars-08-2018-0009.

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Purpose Decision theory holds that the ambiguity of decision information affects the choices of decision makers, who have the emotion of “ambiguity aversion” when making fuzzy decisions. The purpose of this paper is to explore the neural mechanism how the information ambiguity of different sales promotion strategies influences consumers’ purchasing decision. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses the event-related potential (ERP) technique and experiment. Findings Results indicate that the information ambiguity of sales promotion strategies did influence the purchasing decision of consumers, and there were significant differences in the amplitudes of brain wave P2, N2 and P3 when consumers encountered the sales promotions of different types (discounts and gift-giving). This reflects the difference in perceived risk, decision-making conflict and decision-making attitude. It means that compared with discounts, the perceived risk and difficulty increased while the decision-making confidence plunged when consumers were faced with gift-giving promotions. This finding gives an explanation on the neural level why consumers prefer discounts, rather gift-giving sales promotions. Practical implications For the merchants to promote commodities online, it is suggested that the actual benefit from the sales promotion should be specified to reduce the ambiguity of sales promotion information. As the neuromarketing develops, merchants have obtained more effective approaches to study marketing strategies. Originality/value One of the theoretical contributions this paper made is that the authors innovatively explored the consumer’s preference to online sales promotion strategies from the perspective of fuzzy decision. Second, the authors adopted the ERP technique to study the influence of the ambiguity of sales promotion information on the consumer’s purchasing behaviors. Third, this study provides an explanation for why consumers prefer the sales promotion type of discounts according to the neural mechanism of decision making.

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TILSE, CHERYL, JILL WILSON, LINDA ROSENMAN, DAVID MORRISON, and ANNE-LOUISE MCCAWLEY. "Managing older people's money: assisted and substitute decision making in residential aged-care." Ageing and Society 31, no. 1 (September 17, 2010): 93–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x10000747.

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ABSTRACTCurrent approaches to the assessment of cognitive capacity in many jurisdictions seek to balance older people's empowerment with their protection. These approaches incorporate a presumption of capacity, a decision-specific rather than global assessment of that capacity, and an obligation to provide the support needed for adults to make or communicate their own decisions. The implication is that older people are assisted to make decisions where possible, rather than using substitute decision makers. For older people, decision making about financial matters is a contentious domain because of competing interests in their assets and concerns about risk, misuse and abuse. In residential-care settings, older people risk being characterised as dependent and vulnerable, especially in relation to decisions about financial assets. This paper reports an Australian study of the factors that facilitate and constrain residents' involvement in financial decision making in residential settings. Case studies of four aged-care facilities explored how staff interpreted the legislative and policy requirements for assisted and substitute decision making, and the factors that facilitated and constrained residents' inclusion in decisions about their finances. The observed practices reveal considerable variation in the ways that current legislation is understood and implemented, that there are limited resources for this area of practice, and that policies and practices prioritise managing risk and protecting assets rather than promoting assisted decision making.

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Dermawan, Sabaruddin, Irfan Sudahri Damanik, and Ilham Syahputra Saragih. "Penerapan Metode Promethee dalam Menentukan Wilayah Dengan Tingkat Kelesuhan Uang Rupiah Di Kantor Perwakilan Bank Indonesia Pematangsiantar." Jurasik (Jurnal Riset Sistem Informasi dan Teknik Informatika) 6, no. 1 (February 28, 2021): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.30645/jurasik.v6i1.280.

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The Promethee method belongs to the Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) problem solving group which is a very important scientific discipline in decision making or a problem that has more than one criterion (multi criteria). The main objective of the PROMETHEE approach is to facilitate the decision making process by grouping decision types into 6 criteria functions that can adequately represent all types of decisions to solve everyday cases and quantify the degree of preference by using a maximum of 2 parameters that have economic characteristics significant To avoid the element of subjectivity in determining money riots, the authors try to implement a decision support system contained in PROMETHEE that is able to assist in determining the level of money riots. Decision support system is an interactive system that supports the decision making process (Kurniawan, 2015). PROMETHEE method is one method that uses the principle of outranking to solve the problem of decision making to determine the best alternative from a number of alternatives based on established criteria.

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Leclerc, France, Bernd H. Schmitt, and Laurette Dube. "Waiting Time and Decision Making: Is Time like Money?" Journal of Consumer Research 22, no. 1 (June 1995): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/209439.

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Melicharová, A. "Decision-making process of households on food consumption ." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 52, No. 7 (February 17, 2012): 328–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5030-agricecon.

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Decision-making process of households on food consumption is discussed in the post-Keynesian theory of household choice. Since the core assumption of uncertainty is employed, the set of consumption alternatives is restricted to the subset of the known ones. When searching for these alternatives, the consumer faces the search costs expressed by time of search. The sample of Czech households was investigated to ascertain the volume of the search and 57% of households do not seek for any information that are relevant for decision-making on foodstuff purchase. To overcome this activity, the households more likely rely on prices and the range of goods of the closest sellers to them. Searching for information on product is replaced by reliance on habits and recommendations of the others. On the contrary, the uncertainty of real purchase power is of lower significance in food consumption, because the foodstuffs meet the basic physiological needs and dispose of constrained stability in storage. Thus, households cannot always postpone (or bring forward) their consumption. In order to deal with the lack of money, households from lower income levels reduce their expenditures for foodstuffs more often than those from the higher income levels. Consequently, the relationship between the level of income and needs satiation is outlined. 

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Woods, Jeremy Alan, Sharon M. Danes, and Joshua Uhalt. "The Impact of Customer Orientation and Family Decision-Making Style on Family Business Performance." Journal of Enterprising Culture 27, no. 02 (June 2019): 147–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218495819500067.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of certain characteristics of family business decision-making processes (customer orientation and open and negotiating family decision-making styles) to business and family goal achievement as mediated by emotions (family supportiveness). We undertook this study to better understand why certain family businesses make consistently better decisions than others, leading them to earn more money and have family members who are happier in their home lives. Decision theory undergirded the study development. The sample consisted of 277 family business owners, and the data are from the National Family Business Panel data set. Our results showed that if the business owners focused on customer satisfaction and product quality when making decisions, they tended to make more money and tended to be happier at home. If families made business decisions in open and negotiating ways, their members were happier about their decisions because they felt supported by the other family members. Furthermore, family members who felt good about the support they got from their family members in their business decision-making were also happier in their home lives in general.

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Galli, Brian J. "Economic-Decision-Making in New Product Development." International Journal of Applied Management Sciences and Engineering 7, no. 1 (January 2020): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijamse.2020010101.

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Economic decisions for a new product can impact any subsequent development, as well as the launching of the product. Furthermore, unsuccessful decision-making can result in missing business opportunities or spending more money on rework. This article investigates economic decision-making in the product development process. It also enhances the understanding of the process, the difficulties involved, and how to improve decisions during new product development. Thus, this study can serve as a reference when support methods for economic decisions are being initiated. Industrial engineers and engineering managers use economic decision-making for new product development. The results of this study indicate that economic decisions are vital to new product development, as they also bring radical changes in the fields of IE/EM/PM. The engineering management practitioner will understand the importance of these topics, their relevance to engineering management, and how engineering managers can integrate these ideas into their operations and project management lifecycle and project management settings. Economic decision-making models in IE/EM/PM should replace traditional non-scientific methods because they are inaccurate and speculative at best. Overall, by using the economic models, the engineering manager is prioritizing on the long-term prospect that the decision will have.

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Wang, Jun Feng, Ning Wang, and Jin Feng Rao. "Making Decision for Sustainable Product Lifecycle: A Markov Decision Process Based Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 121-126 (October 2011): 2080–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.121-126.2080.

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As energy, resource and environmental issues become more and more serious, sustainable product attracts increasing attention. Products with short lifecycle, such as consumer electronics, gain particular concern. Authors formulate a sustainable product lifecycle evolution method based on Markov decision process. It was validated by an example that the method can select suitable phases at which company should invest money and resources.

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Zokaityte, Asta. "The UK's Money Advice Service: Edu-Regulating Consumer Decision-Making." Economic Notes 47, no. 2-3 (December 13, 2017): 387–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ecno.12109.

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Krug, Kersti, and Charles B. Weinberg. "Mission, money, and merit: Strategic decision making by nonprofit managers." Nonprofit Management and Leadership 14, no. 3 (2004): 325–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nml.37.

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Balconi, Michela, and Giulia Fronda. "Physiological Correlates of Moral Decision-Making in the Professional Domain." Brain Sciences 9, no. 9 (September 11, 2019): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci9090229.

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Moral decision-making is central to guide our social behavior, and it is based on emotional and cognitive reasoning processes. In the present research, we investigated the moral decision-making in a company context by the recording of autonomic responses (skin conductance response, heart rate frequency, and variability), in three different moral conditions (professional fit, company fit, social fit) and three different offers (fair, unfair, neutral). In particular, the first professional fit condition required participants to accept or reject some offers proposing the money subdivision for a work done together with a colleague. The second company fit condition required participants to evaluate offers regarding the investment of a part of the money in the introduction of some company’s benefits. Finally, the third social fit condition required participants to accept or refuse a money subdivision to support a colleague’s relative with health problems financially. Results underlined the significant effect of both the condition, with increased autonomic effects more for personal and social than company fit, and the offer type, with differences for fair and neutral offers compared to unfair ones. This research shows how individual, situational, and contextual factors influence moral decision-making in a company context.

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Ortiz-Teran, Elena, Ibai Diez, and Joaquin Lopez-Pascual. "An ALE Meta-Analysis on Investment Decision-Making." Brain Sciences 11, no. 3 (March 21, 2021): 399. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11030399.

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It is claimed that investment decision-making should rely on rational analyses based on facts and not emotions. However, trying to make money out of market forecasts can trigger all types of emotional responses. As the question on how investors decide remains controversial, we carried out an activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies that have reported whole-brain analyses on subjects performing an investment task. We identified the ventral striatum, anterior insula, amygdala and anterior cingulate cortex as being involved in this decision-making process. These regions are limbic-related structures which respond to reward, risk and emotional conflict. Our findings support the notion that investment choices are emotional decisions that take into account market information, individual preferences and beliefs.

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CLARK, GORDON L., EMIKO CAERLEWY-SMITH, and JOHN C. MARSHALL. "Pension fund trustee competence: decision making in problems relevant to investment practice." Journal of Pension Economics and Finance 5, no. 1 (February 8, 2006): 91–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474747205002374.

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Government-sponsored inquiries into trustee competence, and legislation regarding the protocols and practice of trustee decision making, have raised questions about the competence of trustees to make investment decisions consistent with the long-term interest of defined benefit pension plan beneficiaries. In this paper, we report the results of an analysis of trustee competence in solving problems relevant to their investment responsibilities. Based upon a set of widely recognized problems drawn from the psychology literature, we assess their discount functions, their willingness to risk their own money and others' money, their appreciation of probability, and their use of evidence to solve problems. For comparison, where appropriate we report the results of the same testing regime applied to a group of Oxford undergraduates. Our goals are fourfold: first, to demonstrate the nature of trustee competence in decision making; second, to demonstrate the range of trustee responses to problems relevant to investment; third, to assess trustees' risk appetites in relation to their own and others' money; and fourth, to draw implications from these results for the governance of trustee boards and their relationships with advisers and service providers. It is shown that trustee competence is surprisingly heterogeneous, and the lack of common approaches to problems relevant to investment practice has significant implications for fund governance.

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Ashraf, Nava. "Spousal Control and Intra-Household Decision Making: An Experimental Study in the Philippines." American Economic Review 99, no. 4 (August 1, 2009): 1245–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.99.4.1245.

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I elicit causal effects of spousal observability and communication on financial choices of married individuals in the Philippines. When choices are private, men put money into their personal accounts. When choices are observable, men commit money to consumption for their own benefit. When required to communicate, men put money into their wives' account. These strong treatment effects on men, but not women, appear related more to control than to gender: men whose wives control household savings respond more strongly to the treatment and women whose husbands control savings exhibit the same response. Changes in information and communication interact with underlying control to produce mutable gender-specific outcomes. (JEL D13, D14, J12, J16, O15)

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Zhang, Liqing. "An Exchange Theory of Money and Self-Esteem in Decision Making." Review of General Psychology 13, no. 1 (March 2009): 66–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0014225.

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Tiwari, Neha, and Jiju N. Vyas. "STUDY OF AUTONOMY OF WOMENS DECISION MAKING AT HOUSEHOLD LEVEL: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY." International Journal of Advanced Research 9, no. 03 (March 31, 2021): 451–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/12603.

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Women decision making is giving legitimate power or authority to perform the tasks. If women were free to take their own decisions, they would be able to participate in the planning and decision making task and contribute to the development programmes and activities individually. The process of freedom of decision making should start from our own home. Womens position in the household determines womens autonomy in the family. It is worth to examine whether she can decide about household matters like buying household assets and jewelleries, having access to money, having mobility to go to relatives house or getting health care facilities. Present study evaluates the perception of females with respect to their freedom of decision making at household front. This paper also explains how the freedom of decision making of females at household level is influenced by various other factors and their contribution in decision making freedom to the women. The present study was undertaken in the city of Ahmedabad city and it reflect various dimensions of women decision making at household level.

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STOUT, JULIE C., WILLIAM C. RODAWALT, and ERIC R. SIEMERS. "Risky decision making in Huntington's disease." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 7, no. 1 (January 2001): 92–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617701711095.

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In the clinical setting, Huntington's disease is associated with problems in judgment and decision making, however, the extent of these problems and their association with clinical characteristics have not been assessed. Recently, a laboratory-based simulated gambling task has been used to quantify similar decision-making deficits in ventromedial frontal lobe damaged participants. We hypothesized that participants with Huntington's disease (HD) would show deficits on this gambling task. For this study, 14 HD participants were asked to make 100 selections from four decks of cards with varied payoffs in order to maximize winnings of play money. They were compared to 22 participants with Parkinson's disease (PD) and 33 healthy controls. After an initial period in which participants had to learn contingencies of the decks, the HD group made fewer advantageous selections than the PD and control groups. In HD, the number of advantageous selections in the gambling task was correlated with measures of memory and conceptualization but not disinhibition. Thus, people with HD may have had difficulties learning or remembering win/loss contingencies of the decks, or they may have failed to consistently take these into account in their card selections. These findings are consistent with current models of frontal-subcortical brain circuits and behavior. (JINS, 2001, 7, 92–101.)

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Triadi, Ridho, Tertiarto Wahyudi, and Rela Sari. "The influence of Social Identity, Love of Money and Machiavellian of Corporate Tax Accountants on Overpayment Tax Restitution Decision Making (Empirical Study of Corporate Taxpayers at Palembang Medium Tax Office)." Accounting and Finance, no. 4(90) (2020): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33146/2307-9878-2020-4(90)-52-58.

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The existence of a policy in VAT refund for taxpayers is considered a potential loss of state revenue and is a dilemma for tax authorities, because this policy can reduce tax revenue. In addition, taxpayers may deliberately or accidentally misrepresent data in tax statements in order to receive a tax refund. In this study, the authors analyze the factors that can influence the decision on tax refunds. These factors are: nationality, education, religiosity, love of money, machiavellian corporate tax accountants. Nationality, education and religiosity are integral to the social identity of an employee. Machiavellianism in psychology refers to a personality trait which sees a person so focused on their own interests they will manipulate, deceive, and exploit others to achieve their goals. To prove the study hypothesis, the authors use the postulates of the theory of planned behavior. The data for the analysis was collected by the method of questioning 92 corporate tax accountants, representing various companies that are taxpayers. All taxpayers selected for the study are served by the Palembang Medium Tax Office (Indonesia). The study results show that there is a significant influence of nationality, education, religion, love of money and machiavellianism of corporate tax accountants on the decision making for overpayment tax refunds. This is due to the need for a sense of pride in nationality, level of education, love of money and machiavellian where when complexity increases, professionals need to increasingly rely on experience in providing decision-making recommendations in filing overpayment tax refunds. There is no significant influence of religiosity on decision making for overpayment tax refunds where the tax accountants in making their restitution decisions do not see religious commitment in which one’s behavior is coordinated with religious values, beliefs and practices which are not applied in making the overpayment tax refund decision.

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V.A., Subramaniam, and Velnampy T. "RATIONALITY: A CENTRAL POINT BETWEEN TRADITIONAL FINANCE AND BEHAVIOURAL FINANCE." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 5, no. 6 (June 30, 2017): 389–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i6.2017.2048.

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Investment plays an important role not only in the life of an individual but also in the development of countries. People save money for the purpose of future consumption and invest the saved money with the objectives of protecting the real value of money and making more money. Bodie, Kane & Marcus (1998) defined the term investment as the current commitment of money and other resources with the expectation of obtaining future benefits. Investment decision making is an important aspect in the process of investment, which relates with the selection of one or more investment options for investing the money.

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Matthews, Helen, Sheila Hollins, Jeanette Smith, and Gwen Adshead. "An ethical dilemma in the learning disability services: too much money." Psychiatric Bulletin 18, no. 5 (May 1994): 266–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.18.5.266.

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Learning disability services care for the needs of patients whose autonomy of thought and action is impaired by processes that often cannot be reversed. Their autonomy may also be limited by external influences such as carers' attitudes, both positive and negative. Others may therefore find themselves making decisions for such patients. The case presented in this paper illustrates how these factors can condemn a wealthy woman to a life of relative poverty, lacking in pleasures she could so easily afford, because she lacks competence in some areas of decision making. A possible solution is proposed.

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Ahmed, Arif. "Equal Opportunities in Newcomb’s Problem and Elsewhere." Mind 129, no. 515 (December 24, 2019): 867–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mind/fzz073.

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Abstract The paper discusses Ian Wells’s recent argument (Wells 2019) that there is a decision problem in which followers of Evidential Decision Theory end up poorer than followers of Causal Decision Theory despite having the same opportunities for money. It defends Evidential Decision Theory against Wells’s argument, on the following grounds. (i) Wells's has not presented a decision problem in which his main claim is true. (ii) Four possible decision problems can be generated from his central example, in each of which followers of Evidential Decision Theory do at least as well as followers of Causal Decision Theory (but the former typically have better opportunities for money). (iii) There is another case in which followers of Causal Decision Theory have the same opportunities for making money but end up worse than followers of Evidential Decision Theory.

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Festjens, Anouk, Sabrina Bruyneel, Enrico Diecidue, and Siegfried Dewitte. "Time-based versus money-based decision making under risk: An experimental investigation." Journal of Economic Psychology 50 (October 2015): 52–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2015.07.003.

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Burgoyne, Carole B. "Conflict and Decision-Making in Close Relationships: Love, Money and Daily Routines." Journal of Socio-Economics 31, no. 2 (January 2002): 175–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1053-5357(02)00121-x.

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Jacobs, Volker R. "Making or Losing Money with Participation in Clinical Trials: A Decision Analysis." Onkologie 32, no. 7 (2009): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000218362.

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Kocher, Martin G., and Matthias Sutter. "Time is money—Time pressure, incentives, and the quality of decision-making." Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 61, no. 3 (November 2006): 375–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2004.11.013.

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Barton, Roy, Ajibade A. Aibinu, and Jose Oliveros. "The Value for Money Concept in Investment Evaluation: Deconstructing its Meaning for Better Decision Making." Project Management Journal 50, no. 2 (February 5, 2019): 210–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8756972819827102.

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The term “value for money” (VFM) is a poorly understood concept in practice. There is a lack of clarity in its application, especially in the distinction between “value” and “money” when assessing VFM in investment evaluation and decision making. This article clarifies the ambiguities in VFM by conceptually deconstructing its meaning using a “value triangle model” and, on that basis, we propose a six-step VFM assessment procedure, which has been tested during VFM workshops on infrastructure projects. Departing from the existing concept of value in value management and value engineering literature, the value triangle model rests on Daniel Bernoulli’s concept of value as captured in his famous quotation: “The value of an item must not be based upon its price but rather on the utility which it yields” (Bernoulli, 1954, p. 24). We deconstruct value into three components using everyday language: useful purpose, beneficial outcomes, and important features, making it applicable to any VFM decision context. By making a clear distinction between value and money and, by treating value and value for money as separate notions, greater clarity of VFM is provided, thus enabling more effective measurement in practice. Implications of the proposed deconstruction of VFM and the six-step procedure are discussed using stakeholder theory.

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Dumitrescu, Delia, and André Blais. "Anxiety and Vote Decision Making in Winner-Take-All Elections." Canadian Journal of Political Science 47, no. 3 (August 8, 2014): 451–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423914000742.

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AbstractWe study strategic voting behaviour in winner-take-all elections by means of an original study in which participants vote to collectively decide how much money should be given to an environmental NGO. We find that supporters of the most NGO-friendly party are reluctant to abandon it, despite its poor electoral viability. The poor electoral viability generates significant anxiety among its supporters and the level of anxiety at the time of voting influences their choice. Moderate levels of anxiety increase the probability of defection, but at high levels, anxiety has a paralyzing effect, making voters less likely to abandon their preferred choice.

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Naplyokov, Yuriy Vasilievich. "CHANGING OF MENTAL MODELS FOR EFFECTIVE DECISION-MAKING." UKRAINIAN ASSEMBLY OF DOCTORS OF SCIENCES IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 1, no. 11 (January 24, 2018): 209–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/vadnd.v1i11.28.

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This article explains the role of mental models and the need of their change to make effective decisions. It is substantiated that the mental model rests on changes to save the system and minimize the risk. An example of this resis- tance is the complicated and slow process of political reform in Ukraine, which forms a new national mentality model. Political initiatives are aimed at creating a new legitimate mental model, which should be more effective than the previ- ous, in a new environment. But from 2014 to 2017 of the nearly five thousand proposed legislative proposals, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine has only adopted a few dozen. It is noted that the review of mental models is a complex process that requires additional energy expenditure, such as stress, loss of comfort, security, money, etc. The ability to change the mental model may require personal courage, creativity, independence, and imagination. To view mental models, the leader must apply the appropriate leadership power and styles, establish an appropriate organizational culture and climate, show positive and optimistic behavior to en- courage team members and motivate them to change.It is noted that in the new environment, the decision maker can fluctuate closely to the so-called “line of comfort” for making a decision. This is a line of psychological comfort according to the existing mental model. For better and faster decision-making, you may need to create a new “line of comfort” by looking at the mental model. Thus, in a new environment, the decision maker can again make decisions on the basis of a new mental model.It is proved that mental models are relatively stable, but changing the envi- ronment makes them look. The growing conflict between the system and the en- vironment inevitably forms a new mental model, which should again balance the system.

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Naplyokov, Yuriy Vasilievich. "CHANGING OF MENTAL MODELS FOR EFFECTIVE DECISION-MAKING." UKRAINIAN ASSEMBLY OF DOCTORS OF SCIENCES IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 1, no. 12 (February 14, 2018): 209–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/vadnd.v1i12.63.

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This article explains the role of mental models and the need of their change to make effective decisions. It is substantiated that the mental model rests on changes to save the system and minimize the risk. An example of this resistance is the complicated and slow process of political reform in Ukraine, which forms a new national mentality model. Political initiatives are aimed at creating a new legitimate mental model, which should be more effective than the previous, in a new environment. But from 2014 to 2017 of the nearly five thousand proposed legislative proposals, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine has only adopted a few dozen. It is noted that the review of mental models is a complex process that requires additional energy expenditure, such as stress, loss of comfort, security, money, etc. The ability to change the mental model may require personal courage, creativity, independence, and imagination. To view mental models, the leader must apply the appropriate leadership power and styles, establish an appropriate organizational culture and climate, show positive and optimistic behavior to encourage team members and motivate them to change. It is noted that in the new environment, the decision maker can fluctuate closely to the so-called “line of comfort” for making a decision. This is a line of psychological comfort according to the existing mental model. For better and faster decision-making, you may need to create a new “line of comfort” by looking at the mental model. Thus, in a new environment, the decision maker can again make decisions on the basis of a new mental model. It is proved that mental models are relatively stable, but changing the environment makes them look. The growing conflict between the system and the environment inevitably forms a new mental model, which should again balance the system.

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Elgeka, Honey Wahyuni Sugiharto, and Jianhong Ma. "Mental budgeting and the malleability of decision-making." Psikohumaniora: Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi 5, no. 2 (October 31, 2020): 139–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/pjpp.v5i2.5759.

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Financial difficulties commonly occur in college students' lives. Problems might be caused by a lack of understanding about managing money, such as falling into the temptation of buying unnecessary discounted goods or choice justification. The research aims to understand how mental budgeting influences purchasing discounted items and choice justification. In the study, two experiments were undertaken to explain the reaction of discount, and two others to describe choice justification (N=169 in Indonesia, N=168 in China). Mann-Whitney U and ANOVA tests were used to analyze the experiments. Mental budgeting scales were also employed in experiments 3 and 4. The results show that when individuals receive a discounted offer for luxury goods, they will fall into the temptation of buying them. This takes place because they do not want to lose the opportunity to obtain such goods at a cheap price. In addition, when individuals receive offers related to physiological needs (i.e., food), they will practice choice justification. This means that all people need to understand the concept of mental budgeting and make realistic budgets.

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Strough, JoNell, Wändi Bruine de Bruin, and Andrew M. Parker. "Taking the Biggest First: Age Differences in Preferences for Monetary and Hedonic Sequences." Journals of Gerontology: Series B 74, no. 6 (January 4, 2018): 964–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbx160.

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Abstract Objectives People face decisions about how to sequence payments and events, including when to schedule bigger events relative to smaller ones. We examine age differences in these sequence preferences. Methods We gave a national adult life-span sample (n = 1,296, mean = 53.06 years, standard deviation = 16.33) four scenarios describing a positive or negative hedonic (enjoyable weekends, painful dental procedures) or monetary (receiving versus paying money) event. We considered associations among age, sequence preferences, three self-reported decision-making processes—emphasizing experience, emotion, and reasoning—and two dimensions of future time perspective—focusing on future opportunities and limited time. Results Older age was associated with taking the “biggest” event sooner instead of later, especially for receiving money, but also for the other three scenarios. Older age was associated with greater reported use of reason and experience and lesser reported use of emotion. These decision-making processes played a role in understanding age differences in sequence preferences, but future time perspective did not. Discussion We discuss “taking the biggest first” preferences in light of prior mixed findings on age differences in sequence preferences. We highlight the distinct roles of experience- and emotion-based decision-making processes. We propose applications to financial and health-care settings.

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Jaracz, M., W. Drozdz, and A. Borkowska. "Decision Making, Working Memory and Executive Functions in Euthymic Bipolar Patients." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (January 2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70815-6.

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Aims:Decision making, as well as working memory and executive functions are among the most significant cognitive processes, associated with prefrontal cortex function. Decision making is associated with the orbitofrontal cortex function. Working memory and executive functions are dependent on the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Orbitofrontal, as well as dorsolateral prefrontal cortex dysfunction in bipolar disorder has been reported. The aim of the study was to assess decision making and executive functions in euthymic bipolar patients.Methods:The study included 13 euthymic bipolar patients (6 female, 7 male), aged 43±11 years and 11 age, sex and education years matched healthy controls. Decision making was assessed with Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). Working memory and executive functions were assessed with Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and Trail Making Test (TMT). Depressive and/ or manic symptoms were measured with Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D) and Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS).Results:Euthymic bipolar patients made more nonperseverative errors (t=2,53, p=0,01), gave less conceptual level responses (t=-2,33, p=0,03), completed less categories (t=-1,66, p=0,005) and used more cards to complete first category (t=1,49, p=0,003) in WCST. They also gained less money in IGT (t=-1,34, p=0,03).Conclusions:Bipolar patients performed significantly worse on several measures of WCST. Euthymic bipolar patients gained less money in IGT compared to healthy controls, although no significant differences in responding style in IGT were found.

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Alkoby, Shani, Zihe Wang, David Sarne, and Pingzhong Tang. "Making Money from What You Know - How to Sell Information?" Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (July 17, 2019): 2421–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33012421.

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Information plays a key role in many decision situations. The rapid advancement in communication technologies makes information providers more accessible, and various information providing platforms can be found nowadays, most of which are strategic in the sense that their goal is to maximize the providers’ expected profit. In this paper, we consider the common problem of a strategic information provider offering prospective buyers information which can disambiguate uncertainties the buyers have, which can be valuable for their decision making. Unlike prior work, we do not limit the information provider’s strategy to price setting but rather enable her flexibility over the way information is sold, specifically enabling querying about specific outcomes and the elimination of a subset of non-true world states alongside the traditional approach of disclosing the true world state. We prove that for the case where the buyer is self-interested (and the information provider does not know the true world state beforehand) all three methods (i.e., disclosing the true worldstate value, offering to check a specific value, and eliminating a random value) are equivalent, yielding the same expected profit to the information provider. For the case where buyers are human subjects, using an extensive set of experiments we show that the methods result in substantially different outcomes. Furthermore, using standard machine learning techniques the information provider can rather accurately predict the performance of the different methods for new problem settings, hence substantially increase profit.

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Hidayat, Rahmat. "Consumer Behaviour at the Generic Level: Theoretical Perspectives." Buletin Psikologi 22, no. 2 (December 1, 2014): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/bpsi.11460.

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Suppose you had unexpectedlyreceived some money, for instance a gift ora lottery prize. What would you like to dowith the money? Why the action you choseto do is of much importance to you? Whatwould you like to achieve by that action?This is a simple illustration of the genericlevel of consumer decision making,henceforth the generic level. It is importantto note that neither money nor unexpec-tedness defines the generic level. Althoughthere are plenty of examples of receiving awindfall, gifts and lottery prizes being twoof them, the generic level also concernssituations when expectations rule. Forexample, people may expect to receive abumper bonus, an extra profit, a taxreturn, gain excessive money from a pre-vious budget, or even to inherit somevaluable assets from their beloved parents.To a certain degree, people in suchsituations must ponder of the differentways to utilize the money. The definingfeatures of the generic level concern themental processes of decision making inwhich an individual is trying to allocate aconsumer resource into different cate-gories of activities (Van Veldhoven &Groenland, 1993).

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Carrier Emond, Fannie, Jean Gagnon, Kevin Nolet, Gaëlle Cyr, and Joanne-Lucine Rouleau. "What Money Can’t Buy: Different Patterns in Decision Making About Sex and Money Predict Past Sexual Coercion Perpetration." Archives of Sexual Behavior 47, no. 2 (November 22, 2017): 429–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10508-017-1116-0.

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Boukhris, Imen, Raouia Ayachi, Zied Elouedi, Sehl Mellouli, and Nahla Ben Amor. "Decision Model for Policy Makers in the Context of Citizens Engagement." Social Science Computer Review 34, no. 6 (August 3, 2016): 740–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0894439315618882.

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Citizens’ engagement is considered as one of the important dimensions for the development of smart cities since, in the vision of a city of the future (smart city), citizens will be more and more involved in the decision-making process of different issues related to the development of a city. In this context, policy makers face a decision problem where they have to integrate a new dimension, which is the voice of the citizens’ decision. This article proposes a tool based on multicriteria decision making methods to provide decision makers with the best alternative(s) that are based on citizens’ opinions. In order to tackle the potential interdependencies between criteria and also between alternatives in the selection process, we apply a hybrid model integrating the analytical network process and an extended version of technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution to support group decision-making. The proposed model is applied in the context of participatory budgeting (PB) where citizens decide on the projects in which the money can be invested. This process is complex since it encompasses multiple interdependent criteria that may be conflicting with each other and that are used to take decisions. To illustrate our approach, we will apply the proposed technique for the case study of La Marsa, a city in the north of the capital Tunis (Tunisia) that adopted, since 2014, a PB strategy in which citizens proposed alternatives on how an amount of money can be used to lighten specific streets in the city.

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Henshall, Chris, and Tara Schuller. "HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT, VALUE-BASED DECISION MAKING, AND INNOVATION." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 29, no. 4 (July 11, 2013): 353–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462313000378.

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Background: Identifying treatments that offer value and value for money is becoming increasingly important, with interest in how health technology assessment (HTA) and decision makers can take appropriate account of what is of value to patients and to society, and in the relationship between innovation and assessments of value.Methods: This study summarizes points from an Health Technology Assessment International (HTAi) Policy Forum discussion, drawing on presentations, discussions among attendees, and background papers.Results and Conclusions: Various perspectives on value were considered; most place patient health at the core of value. Wider elements of value comprise other benefits for: patients; caregivers; the health and social care systems; and society. Most decision-making systems seek to take account of similar elements of value, although they are assessed and combined in different ways. Judgment in decisions remains important and cannot be replaced by mathematical approaches. There was discussion of the value of innovation and of the effects of value assessments on innovation. Discussion also included moving toward “progressive health system decision making,” an ongoing process whereby evidence-based decisions on use would be made at various stages in the technology lifecycle. Five actions are identified: (i) development of a general framework for the definition and assessment of value; development by HTA/coverage bodies and regulators of (ii) disease-specific guidance and (iii) further joint scientific advice for industry on demonstrating value; (iv) development of a framework for progressive licensing, usage, and reimbursement; and (v) promoting work to better adapt HTA, coverage, and procurement approaches to medical devices.

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Stewart, Charles E. "“Land Reform” Decision." American Journal of International Law 85, no. 4 (October 1991): 690–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2203276.

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In a consolidated constitutional proceeding, fourteen claimants, all citizens of the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG), attacked the constitutionality of that clause of the German Unification Agreement providing that property expropriated during the Soviet occupation of eastern Germany during the period 1945-1949 was not to be returned to the original owners and that the owners could only be compensated in money. The Court confirmed the constitutionality of the provision and thus took a first step toward clarifying one of the greatest obstacles to significant investment in the former German Democratic Republic (GDR): unclear property ownership, making it impossible to say with certainty who ultimately owned much of the property in the former GDR.

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Coombs-Goodfellow, Brett, and Mark Eshwar Lokanan. "Anti-money laundering and moral intensity in suspicious activity reporting." Journal of Money Laundering Control 21, no. 4 (October 1, 2018): 520–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmlc-09-2017-0048.

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PurposeThis paper aims to examine the influence Jones’ Moral Intensity Model (1991) has on the decision-making process of anti-money laundering (AML) compliance officers charged with reporting suspicious money laundering transactions in Jersey.Design/methodology/approachTen interviews were conducted to elicit participants’ views on the six dimensions of moral intensity and their influence on the compliance officers’ decision to submit a suspicious activity report (SAR) of potential money laundering.FindingsThe findings indicate that the officers’ moral intensity to submit a SAR seems to be heavily influenced by issue-specific contextual factors. Contexts (legal and legislative mandates) seem to have more of an effect on the moral intent and actions of the officers rather than directly affecting the decision to submit a report of a suspicious money laundering transaction.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper lays the groundwork for further work in this area and calls on researchers to develop instruments that can enhance the measurements of the dimensions of moral intensity.Practical implicationsThe setting (AML in the financial sector) is both timely and extremely interesting to keep studying, particularly in Jersey because of its dubious sensitive particularities.Originality/valueThe study is the first to examine Jersey AML sector through the lens of moral intensity. In this sense, the paper poses interesting questions, namely, to explore the dynamic complexities experienced by compliance officers in Jersey to detect and report suspicious money laundering activities and the decision-making criteria of actually submitting a SAR.

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Curseu, Petru Lucian, Sandra G. L. Schruijer, and Oana Catalina Fodor. "Decision rules, escalation of commitment and sensitivity to framing in group decision-making." Management Decision 54, no. 7 (August 15, 2016): 1649–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-06-2015-0253.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to test the influence of collaborative and consultative decision rules on groups’ sensitivity to framing effect (FE) and escalation of commitment (EOC). Design/methodology/approach – In an experimental study (using a sample of 233 professionals with project management experience), the authors test the effects of collaborative and consultative decision rules on groups’ sensitivity to EOC and FE. The authors use four group decision-making tasks to evaluate decision consistency across gain/loss framed decision situations and six decision tasks to evaluate EOC for money as well as time as resources previously invested in the initial decisions. Findings – The results show that the collaborative decision rule increases sensitivity to EOC when financial resources are involved and decreases sensitivity to EOC when time is of essence. Moreover, the authors show that the collaborative decision rule decreases sensitivity to FE in group decision making. Research limitations/implications – The results have important implications for group rationality as an emergent group level competence by extending the insights concerning the impact of decision rules on emergent group level cognitive competencies. Due to the experimental nature of the design, the authors can probe the causal relations between the investigated variables, yet the authors cannot generalize the results to other settings. Practical implications – Managers can use the insights of this study in order to optimize the functioning of decision-making groups and to reduce their sensitivity to FEs and EOC. Originality/value – The study extends the research on group rationality and it is one of the few experimental attempts used to understand the role of decision rules on emergent group level rationality.

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Johnson, Ana P., Nancy J. Sikich, Gerald Evans, William Evans, Mita Giacomini, Murray Glendining, Murray Krahn, Les Levin, Paul Oh, and Charmaine Perera. "Health technology assessment: A comprehensive framework for evidence-based recommendations in Ontario." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 25, no. 02 (April 2009): 141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462309090199.

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Objectives:This study describes the development of a framework for health technology decisions, for Ontario Health Technology Advisory Committee (OHTAC) in Ontario, Canada.Methods:OHTAC convened a “Decision Determinants Sub-Committee” in January 2007, which undertook a systematic literature review and conducted key informant interviews to develop an explicit decision-making framework.Results:The “Decision Determinants Sub-Committee” offered recommendations about decision criteria, and the process by which decisions are made. Decision criteria include (i) overall clinical benefit, (ii) consistency with societal and ethical values, (iii) value for money, and (iv) feasibility of adoption into the health system. The decision process should be transparent and fair and should use a deliberative process in delivering recommendations.Conclusions:This methodology is currently being pilot tested in a live environment: OHTAC. It will be evaluated and revised according to its feasibility, acceptability, and perceived usefulness.

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GULER, ISIN. "THROWING GOOD MONEY AFTER BAD? SEQUENTIAL DECISION MAKING IN THE VENTURE CAPITAL INDUSTRY." Academy of Management Proceedings 2003, no. 1 (August 2003): C1—C6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2003.13792431.

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ŞENER, Arzu. "Money Attitude Among Older Consumer Effect On Consumer Decision Making And Life Satisfaction." Social Sciences Studies Journal 5, no. 46 (January 1, 2019): 5365–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.26449/sssj.1631.

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Zhou, Hong, and Xiaomin Wei. "The Influence of Different Meanings of Money Priming on Consumer’s Comparative Decision-Making." Open Journal of Social Sciences 08, no. 03 (2020): 180–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jss.2020.83016.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Decision making. Money'

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