Dissertations / Theses: 'Decision support systems (DSS)'

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BENVENUTI, FILIPPO. "Intelligent Decision Support Systems in Public Transport." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/252967.

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Nelle ultime decadi, l'incremento dell'efficienza di un Sistema di Trasporto Pubblico urbano (STP) sta assumendo un ruolo chiave nello sviluppo della società moderna. Ciononostante, la realtà è piuttosto lontana da un "mondo STP ideale", in cui i Trasporti Pubblici urbani non hanno particolari problemi nel fornire servizi efficaci ed efficienti nelle grandi citta. La realtà ci racconta che i gestori dei sistemi di trasporto urbano, nella maggior parte delle grandi città, stanno incontrando difficoltà sempre crescenti a mantenere alti livelli di efficienza. Per rispondere a questi problemi, in questo lavoro, vengono presentate tre proposte differenti. Innanzitutto è stato realizzato un framework volto a facilitare la progettazione di un sistema di monitoraggio nel settore dei trasporti pubblici, adottando lo standard europeo Transmodel come modello di riferimento. Il sistema proposto viene realizzato partendo dalla definizione di una "Knowledge Base" rappresentante una concettualizzazione del dominio del trasporto pubblico, al si sopra della quale vengono sviluppate una serie di funzionalità "logic-based". La seconda soluzione proposta consiste nell'implementazione di un algoritmo di previsione utilizzato per predire il tempo di arrivo alla fermate dell'autobus nelle aree urbane, permettendo di migliorare la percezione dei viaggiatori sulla qualità del servizio offerto. Negli ultimi anni, oltre ai modelli formati da un singolo algoritmo (chiamati "Modelli semplici"), sono emersi modelli formati dalla composizione di più algoritmi (chiamati "Modelli ibridi"). In questo lavoro viene fornita una panoramica di "Modelli ibridi" confrontandone, allo stesso tempo, le prestazioni con "Modelli semplici" applicandoli ad un caso di studio reale. Da tale studio emerge che i "Modelli ibridi" superano le prestazioni "Modelli semplici" in ogni esperimento eseguito. Il terzo modello proposto si focalizza sullo studio di una metodologia "umbalanced" applicabile a sistemi di visione per risolvere le problematiche legate alla gestione del traffico, come, ad esempio, la ricerca di parcheggi. A tale scopo viene sviluppata un'applicazione software per ottimizzare la fruizione dei parcheggi minimizzando, allo stesso tempo, il traffico causato dalla ricerca degli stessi. A causa della mancanza di dati utilizzabili, al fine di valutare comunque la qualità della metodologia proposta, tale modello è stato testato con il problema di rilevamento automatico di edifici a partire da dati aerei LIDAR. Il problema della Building Detection automatica a partire da dati aerei, in letteratura, rappresenta un dominio applicativo notoriamente "difficile" da affrontare, a causa lo squilibrio che caratterizza i set di dati utilizzati. Il metodo proposto sfrutta l'algoritmo di Baesyan Vector Quantizer (BVQ) ed, al fine di verificarne l'efficienza in domini applicativi fortemente "umbalanced", è stato confrontato con altre metodologie note, come Adaboost o Metacost, in un vero e proprio caso di studio reale. I set di dati utilizzati sono formati da quattro classi fortemente sbilanciate (edificio, vegetazione alta, vegetazione bassa e strade) ed i risultati ottenuti hanno dimostrato che BVQ supera le prestazioni delle altre metodologie nella totalità degli esperimenti eseguiti. In the last years, the significance of improving efficiency of urban Public Transport Systems (PTSs) is taking a key role in the development of modern society. In an ideal world, urban PTSs have no particular problems in providing effective and efficient services that improve the Quality of Life (QoL) of people living in big urban areas. An efficient service would also help to solve some additional problems, such as air pollution and traffic congestions that often afflict high density urban areas. The reality, however, is that urban transportation systems in most big cities are far from ideal. Managers of PTSs services are experiencing ever greater difficulties in maintaining high levels of efficiency due to the ever-increasing congestion affecting the major urban centers. In order to face these issues and, at the same time, improve the efficiency of PTSs services, three different proposals are introduced. First, a framework, aimed to ease the design of a monitoring system in the public transport domain, has been realized by adopting the European standard Transmodel as reference model for a generic PTS system. The proposed framework is built around the definition of a knowledge base that includes a conceptualization of the public transportation domain, on the top of which a set of logic-based functionalities are developed. The second improvement proposed, consists in the implementation of a forecasting algorithm in order to predict arrival time at bus stop in urban areas that allows to improve the travelers' perception of the Quality of Service offered. In literature, several type of algorithms have been tested in order to predict arrival time at bus stops. However, in recent years, in addition to models formed by a single algorithm (called Simple Models), models formed by the composition of more algorithms (called Hybrid Models) have emerged. An overview of Hybrid Models has been performed by comparing them with Simple Models in a real-world case study from which resulted that the Hybrid Models outperform Simple Models in every experiment performed. The third improvement proposed regards the study of the impact of an "umbalanced" methodology in vision systems able to solve various issues related to traffic management such as parking discovery and occupational turnaround in order to develop a software application to optimize their employment and, in the same time, minimize traffic caused by parking lot search. Unfortunately PluService company, which provided the data to develop the entire work, had no dataset that can be used for the proposed purpose, and, for this reason, in order to assess the quality of the proposed methodology, it has been tested with building detection problem from LIDAR aerial data. Building Detection from aerial data, in literature, represents a notoriously "difficult" application domain to face, cause the imbalance that characterizes the datasets used. The proposed method takes advantage of the Baesyan Vector Quantizer (BVQ) algorithm and, in order to verify its efficiency in strongly umbalanced application domains, it has been compared with other well known methodologies, like Adaboost or Metacost, in a real-world case study. The datasets used are formed by four strongly imbalanced classes (building, high vegetation, low vegetation and streets) and the obtained results demonstrated that BVQ outperform the other methodologies applied in the totality of experiments performed.

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Mao, Yanwei. "Decision Support System : A study of strategic decision makings in banks." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Business Informatics, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-12585.

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The main purpose of this research is to use Hermeneutic research approach to find out how Decision Support System (DSS) is used in banks and financial services. The research started from one stance, from which the further process could be extended to reach more complete picture of Decision Support System’s usage in strategic decision makings in banks. The research is also trying to find out the drawbacks and benefits of the DSS which have been used nowadays in banks. Furthermore, the future improvements of using DSS to make better decisions related with moral and different environments are also being discussed in the research findings.During the primary data collection, resources from different channels have been used to support the research. The primary data sources include lectures and discussion in three banks’ visiting opportunities in Stockholm, Sweden, one interview with IT Vice president from Bank of America Merrill Lynch, New York, two interviews with a professor and a director respectively from Lund University and Financial Services Innovation Centre in University College Cork, Ireland.Experiences from both academic and practical have been shared to strength the research’s validity and trustworthiness. Hermeneutic research approach addresses through the whole research process which needs to be open-minded and flexible.Unawareness of DSS for people who are working in banks is one of the issues today. Different embedded models regarding various functions are not so clear to bank staff; thus there is a gap between human decisions and system decisions. There is a variation of requirements between central banks, retail banks, commercial banks, investment banks. Hence there should be a differentiation when implementing a system. Banking systems are widespread systems which are influenced by environment factors, political, economic, socio-cultural and technological variables.

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YEDAVALLI, SARATHY ASWANTH. "Decision Support System for Bus Rapid Transit." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1205010811.

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Alhamdan, Ali M. "Evaluation of potential DSS tool for BDF-HQ manpower and operational equipment rsource planning /." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Jun%5FAlhamdan.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Information Technology Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2003. Thesis advisor(s): Daniel R. Dolk, Glenn Cook. Includes bibliographical references (p. 113-114). Also available online.

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Seletos, Troy Mario. "An Analysis of the Effectiveness of a Multi-Disciplinary Decision Support System on System-Level Decision Making." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5844.

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Decisions Support Systems (DSSs) are used to enhance decision maker speed and effectiveness. However, without a view of an entire system, any decision may have unanticipated effects such as sub-optimal outcomes. The purpose of this research is to show that with a system-level analysis, more informed decisions can be made that take into account a larger system or greater number of dimensions or objectives. This research also explores the benefits of using a DSS over analysis of unprocessed data and the effectiveness of integrating a product design generator (PDG) with a business DSS, creating a system DSS, where system-level effects can be analyzed. These are connected using software which allows them to be interactive, and dynamically updating. After this DSS was developed a variation was also made and decision makers evaluated these tools to identify how they performed in comparison to each other. In one variation, aspects of the tool were split up, guiding the decision maker through the analysis while the other did not. Using survey questions and recording decision makers' actions, it was found that decision makers are significantly faster and came to better conclusions when using the DSS over unprocessed data. However, it was also seen that the difference between the two variants of the System DSS tests was insignificant. This suggests that the limits in potential interactions in the one variant of a system DSS did not substantially reduce the ability of a decision maker to explore and make good design decisions. Overall this research showed that having a system-level tool is better than the unprocessed data, and that more extreme differences in a DSS are required for improved comparisons to establish which visualizations and elements are most effective in a System DSS. Future effort should be made to completely isolate different portions of the System DSS and see how well users are able to make decisions with it compared to the full system analysis.

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Alhamdan, Ali M. "Evaluation of potential DSS tool for BDF-HQ manpower and operational equipment resource planning." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/1039.

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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited This thesis explores the Bahrain Defense Force (BDF) needs for a decision support system in the area of analyzing, establishing and maintaining the organizational structures of BDF units. It also identifies the BDF measures that must be taken to qualify a certain unit structure. Subsequently, the thesis designs and develops a specific DSS prototype that can aid BDF decision makers and planners perspectives in this area. Creating this prototype has involved three different layers to be investigated: the data, the models and the user interfaces. The data layer consists of a Microsoft Access database application that houses BDF Units, Manpower, Vehicles, Weapons, Salaries, and Jobs information. The model layer consists of two Microsoft Excel spreadsheets that contain Infantry Battalion and enhanced Armor Battalion HR optimization models. The UI layer consists of user controls, input/output forms, queries, reports, and visualization aids (i.e. charts and pivot tables). These interfaces were developed using MS Access capabilities. Consequently, the BDF-DSS is an integration of database and optimization technology using widely available desktop tools. The general benefits of this DSS are reduced costs for data gathering, computation, and data presentation, and added value resulting from investigating more alternatives, doing more sophisticated analyses of alternatives, using better methods of comparing alternatives, and making quicker and better decisions. Bahrain Defense Force author. Major, Bahrain Defense Force

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Chen, Chen, Maura Dilley, and Marco Valente. "Improving Decision Support Systems for Water Resource Management." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för maskinteknik, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-2465.

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The Water Framework Directive (WFD) structures long-term plans for Europe's threatened water resources. Owning to the inherent and human-made complexities of the water cycle, stakeholders must move strategically to avoid crisis and restore sustainability. Yet, the reality of water resource management today is falling short on delivery. Stakeholders require strategic tools that will help them to build consensus and take action in the right direction. Using the Framework for Strategic Sustainable Development (FSSD), this study shows how Decision Support Systems can be strategically improved using a whole-systems approach grounded in basic Principles for Sustainability. In this way, stakeholders will be capable of making synchronized moves towards sustainability and thus more likely to realize the WFD’s goal of ‘good status’ for all European waterways by 2015.

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El-Ragal, Ahmed Abdel Hameed Hassan. "Building DSS using knowledge discovery in database applied to admission and registration functions." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1971.

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This research investigates the practical issues surrounding the development and implementation of Decision Support Systems (DSS). The research describes the traditional development approaches analyzing their drawbacks and introduces a new DSS development methodology. The proposed DSS methodology is based upon four modules; needs' analysis, data warehouse (DW), knowledge discovery in database (KDD), and a DSS module. The proposed DSS methodology is applied to and evaluated using the admission and registration functions in Egyptian Universities. The research investigates the organizational requirements that are required to underpin these functions in Egyptian Universities. These requirements have been identified following an in-depth survey of the recruitment process in the Egyptian Universities. This survey employed a multi-part admission and registration DSS questionnaire (ARDSSQ) to identify the required data sources together with the likely users and their information needs. The questionnaire was sent to senior managers within the Egyptian Universities (both private and government) with responsibility for student recruitment, in particular admission and registration. Further, access to a large database has allowed the evaluation of the practical suitability of using a data warehouse structure and knowledge management tools within the decision making framework. 1600 students' records have been analyzed to explore the KDD process, and another 2000 records have been used to build and test the data mining techniques within the KDD process. Moreover, the research has analyzed the key characteristics of data warehouses and explored the advantages and disadvantages of such data structures. This evaluation has been used to build a data warehouse for the Egyptian Universities that handle their admission and registration related archival data. The decision makers' potential benefits of the data warehouse within the student recruitment process will be explored. The design of the proposed admission and registration DSS (ARDSS) will be developed and tested using Cool: Gen (5.0) CASE tools by Computer Associates (CA), connected to a MSSQL Server (6.5), in a Windows NT (4.0) environment. Crystal Reports (4.6) by Seagate will be used as a report generation tool. CLUST AN Graphics (5.0) by CLUST AN software will also be used as a clustering package. Finally, the contribution of this research is found in the following areas: A new DSS development methodology; The development and validation of a new research questionnaire (i.e. ARDSSQ); The development of the admission and registration data warehouse; The evaluation and use of cluster analysis proximities and techniques in the KDD process to find knowledge in the students' records; And the development of the ARDSS software that encompasses the advantages of the KDD and DW and submitting these advantages to the senior admission and registration managers in the Egyptian Universities. The ARDSS software could be adjusted for usage in different countries for the same purpose, it is also scalable to handle new decision situations and can be integrated with other systems.

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Hlaváč, Vít. "Geografický IS jako Decision Support System." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-10377.

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This thesis deals relationship between geographical information systems and decision support systems. Its objective is to verify hypothesis, if it is possible to consider geographical information systems as decision support systems. Opening chapter attends to explanation what is GIS and its usage in practise. Second part is engaged in definition of decision support systems. There are some examples from practise, which help us confirm or refuse the hypothesis, in the last chapter.

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Regmi, Binaya. "Web-enabled Spatial Decision Support System for Interdisciplinary Watershed Management." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35383.

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The development and use of web-enabled tools for watershed modeling and decision-making have gained popularity lately with the increase in internet speed and accessibility. Most of the web-enabled tools available today address the watershed problems related to a narrow discipline like hydrology, or ecology etc. This thesis presents the work done in the development of a web-enabled integrated system, named WebL2W, which can address watershed problems in a more holistic approach. WebL2W integrates models from hydrology, economics, and biology in a single shell. The integration is performed using GIS as a common platform for database and interface management. A user accesses the system over the web and chooses pre-selected land development patterns to create a 'what if' scenario. The hydrologic model simulates effects of the scenario on annual runoff volume, flood peaks of various return periods, and ground water recharge. The economics model evaluates the changes in land value, tax revenue, and government expenditures as a result of the new land development scenario. The biology model evaluates effects of new land uses to fish habitats in the watershed. The design of the system is based on current software engineering practices such as object oriented programming (OOP) and relational database management system (RDBMS). The implementation uses the Visual Basic programming environment and Active Server Pages. Master of Science

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Hassan, Ashraf El Sayed Rashad. "The impact of information/decision support systems (I/DSS) in debt management : the Egyptian experience." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1999. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1553/.

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The introduction of technology-based tools into developing countries is usually impeded by a number of potential problems. The problems become murkier when the context of the issue, such as external debt management, where technology is to be used, does not have a standard textbook of rules and procedures to follow. The principle problems encountered during the course of our research for this thesis hinged the issue of possible inapplicability of information technology (IT), especially information and decision support systems (I/DSS). This is also the case for other tools and techniques built and used by developed countries in the developing world. The great deal of difference in the context of use; content of the systems; and the attitudes of the parties involved in the process forms the basis for our argument. The research was intended to draw on the lessons learned by the Cabinet Information and Decision Support Center (IDSC) during the introduction I/DSS for improving the decision making process in developing countries. Moreover, the research intended to tackle the issue of using I/DSS in a totally new context, other than for very structured purposes such as manufacturing and the like, and a challenging environment such as those in developing countries where difficulties of implementation and use are more in context, content and cultural issues than technological ones. The research would then show implications, identify problems and challenges and try to develop generalizations and recommendations. The research, since its initial phases, had to consider the forces of centralization versus decentralization and the organizational structure of decision making especially at the top level. Other issues such as I/DSS project planning and implementation; organizational dynamics and the research at the organizational level related to national policy; and technical information systems development were taken into consideration. This experience could be viewed as a documentation phase where the Egyptian Cabinet IDSC and the Central Bank of Egypt (CBE) together hove built, implemented and sustained state-of-the-art I/DSS in the process of establishing a powerful Egyptian debt management office. The analysis of these experiences displays many lessons for the implementation of sophisticated systems under conditions of extreme difficulty. It offers insight into a number of problems that concern designers, implementors, users, and researchers in I/DSS use in managing development planning and socio-economic change especially in developing countries. It also delves into important aspects related to project planning and implementation, organizational dynamics and the effective use of accurate, timely and relevant information in development planning. We conclude this thesis with on analytical framework that gives detailed methods and guidelines for future implementation of similar programs in developing countries that might wish to benefit from the experience of the Cabinet of Egypt IDSC.

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Arinze, Orakwue Bay. "Decision support systems : a framework for supporting decision-making processes based on a model of the DSS-user interface." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307301.

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Gebus, S. (Sébastien). "Knowledge-based decision support systems for production optimization and quality improvement in the electronics industry." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2006. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514282051.

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Abstract For the past few years, electronics manufacturing may have been the victim of its own success. Unlike in heavier industries, rationalization is a concept that was unknown in the sector until only a few years ago and even now, many companies are struggling with cost-cutting measures. Production systems in electronics manufacturing need to be highly flexible because of a varying and evolving environment. Therefore real-time process control and, possibly as a result, production optimization are extremely challenging areas. Traditional approaches often do not work due to a lack of robustness or reliability. For this reason, a new generation of decision support systems is needed in response to some specific problems. The thesis addresses topics such as design of intelligent interfaces for knowledge acquisition and elicitation, use of that knowledge for improved data analysis and diagnostics, real-time feedback control, self-tuning capabilities, and evaluation of optimization methods in discrete processes. Topics covered therefore include the whole scope of a decision support system, from its design through to the evaluation of its performance as well as interaction capabilities as a vehicle for sharing information. The aim of this research is to streamline the development of a new generation of decision support systems by providing tools and methods for a better integration of knowledge in an evolving environment. The main interest lies not only in improved data analysis, but also in better formalization and use of diagnosis. Case studies presented in this thesis demonstrate the practical feasibility of such an approach.

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Mašek, Daniel. "Návrh Retail Business DSS." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-72689.

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The reason why I chose this topic is not nor the complexity of global world neither the growing pressure on quick and effective managerial resolutions as it is mentioned in similar scripts. Surprisingly, the main impulse was the synergy of three principal aspects of my master study. First millstone was a study of main specialization by its self: Information management, on cathedra of System analysis, faculty of Informatics and Statistics, Economic University in Prague. The second angle is the minor specialization of the study: Retail business, on cathedra of Commercial business, faculty of International relations, Economic University in Prague. Last but no least aspect is simultaneously exercised practice in field of managing the project ICT/ IS and logistic operations. Prime aim of this work is a concept of presentation of DSS, which is intended to support the decision-making process of development of a retail chain of fictitious firm JK, a.s. Partial goals heading to fulfilment of a prime aim are: determination of a theoretical expectations, methods and methodic needed to proposal of DSS, description, and analysis of company and retail chain, procedural analyze of decision making-process of retail chain development, concept of system dynamic model, which forms the root of DSS and the concept of DSS by its self. Secondary aim is to gather satisfactory amount of theoretical and practical details for presentation of project DSS to management of the company. The biggest benefits of this work are fulfilment of a prime and secondary aim, together with the project DSS it self, which could be partly applied for the support of the decision-making process in the company. Further assets for the firm JK, a.s. are conclusions of some captures, which could be used for planning of marketing campaigns, generating Business Knowledge Base, evaluation of affectivity of sales and human resources, etc. The final bonus for the author of this work is the personal progression, profession growth, caused by gain of new

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Jones, Elizabeth Susann. "Using Diagnostic Decision Support Systems to Reduce Diagnostic Error: A Survey of Critical Care Physicians." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2020. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1703434/.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate the use of decisions support systems (DSS) by critical care physicians and to address the following questions: Does the use of a decision support system during diagnosis reduce diagnostic error and how are decision support systems used by critical care physicians? There are no studies that address these research questions in a clinical setting. The information assessment method (IAM) was used to guide the development of the survey questions. Critical care physicians from the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center were surveyed. Chi squared test for independence was used to determine the relationship between DSS use and diagnostic error rates. There were three main findings of the study: (1) use of a DSS by a critical care physician can decrease diagnostic error by up to 60%; (2) 56% of critical care physicians are using a DSS during diagnosis to learn something new, confirm something they already knew, and/or to reassure themselves; and (3) the increased use of a DSS by critical care physicians can lead to a decrease in the belief of the ability of a DSS to reduce diagnostic error.

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ZHAO, YING, and JINZI GAO. "Decision Support System- Research on the application of DSS in China's Banks." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Handels- och IT-högskolan, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-20445.

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Information system is widely used in financial area all around the world today, and businessintelligence systems has draw more and more attention from both academia and businesscircles. Based on this situation, we carried out our research. The main purpose of our researchis to find out how Decision Support System (DSS) is used in China's banks. As there are morethan five hundred banks in China, we choose the four biggest commercial banks(which hascover more than 85% of financial activities in China's banking area) as examples to study. Wesent Emails and made telephone calls to different roles in these four banks, from chiefinformation officer, managers of business to normal staff. Before carried out interviews, wedid literature study to set a scientific background for our interviews. After the collection andanalysis of data from both interview and literature study, the result is presented in threechapters. The theoretical study part introduces the theory background of DSS and how it isused in banks, the framework of the DSS and the basic model of the DSS, also newtechniques in DSS. The Empirical results part introduces the results got from interviews. InAnalysis part the results from the former chapters will be combined and analyzed, in this partwe presents the application situation of DSS in China's banks, the affection of DSS on banksemployees and improvement and drawback DSS brings to China's banks. Also newtechnology of decision support system and its application. And the last part we would drawconclusions for this thesis and summarize results from the interviews and theories andevaluate the whole research process. And the introduction of our research and the methodsused to achieve the research goal will be introduced in the first two chapters.

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Tettelbach, Clayton G. "Recycling Decision Support System : design and development of a Web-based DSS." Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/8893.

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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited The explosive growth of the World Wide Web creates new opportunities for the development and deployment of Decision Support Systems. No longer restricted by machine-specific limitations, Web-based Decision Support Systems (DSS) provide global access to widely diversified and geographically dispersed users through sharing of data, models, algorithms, and modeling environments. This thesis examines the design and development processes involved in the creation of a Web-based DSS. The Recycling Decision Support System utilizes a rapid prototype and refinement process to create a Web-based system focusing on supporting ordinary people and industrial users in making good decisions for recycling and disposal of household and industrial waste. Through abstraction of details from the specific Web-based DSS design, a generalized framework for supporting decision-making via the WWW is built which supports functionality in education, queries, and analysis of complex problems. An important aspect of this research is the development of a new architecture which conforms to the complexities specific to Web-based Decision Support Systems. Prompted by the additional interactions required for WWW connectivity, this architecture incorporates agents for negotiating transactions between the functional components of a standard DSS

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Frankel, Seth Elijah. "OBSERVATIONS ON THE THEORY AND REALITY OF MANAGERIAL USE OF COMPUTER-BASED DECISION SUPPORT (MIS, DSS)." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/275336.

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Pizzol, Lisa <1978&gt. "Spatial and regional risk assessment in decision support systems for environmental risk management." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/1001.

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Environmental risks are traditionally assessed and presented in non spatial ways although the spatial relations between the risk assessment components and the spatial distribution of the risk assessment variables strongly influence exposure estimations and hence risks. According to the scale of the problem, two different spatial risk assessments approaches can be identified: site-specific spatial risk assessment and regional risk assessment. In the present Ph.D. thesis the first approach applies geostatistic interpolation methods for mapping the distribution of contaminants concentration in order to support the risk-based zoning of the site. It was implemented in DESYRE (DEcision Support sYstem for the REqualification of contaminated sites) and applied to the Porto Marghera case study. At regional scale, an innovative methodology integrating a relative risk approach and spatial analysis was developed to select sites at regional scale where a preliminary soil investigation is required first. It was implemented in SYRIADE (Spatial decision support sYstem for Regional rIsk Assessment of DEgraded land) and applied to the Upper Silesia case-study. Tradizionalmente nella valutazione dei rischi per l’uomo e per l’ambiente, le relazioni spaziali tra le componenti dell’analisi di rischio e la distribuzione spaziale delle variabili coinvolte non vengono adeguatamente considerate, sebbene esse influiscono sulla valutazione dell’esposizione e quindi del rischio. In base alla scala di analisi, si possono identificare due approcci di analisi di rischio (AR): l’AR spaziale sito-specifica e l’AR regionale. Nella presente tesi di dottorato è stata sviluppata una procedura di AR spaziale sito-specifica che utilizza metodi di interpolazione spaziale per ottenere delle mappe di distribuzione della contaminazione al fine di supportare la zonizzazione del sito sulla base dei livelli di rischio. A scala regionale è stata sviluppata una metodologia innovativa che integra un approccio di AR relativo con analisi spaziali, per selezionare i siti dove le attività di caratterizzazione sono urgentemente richieste. Le due metodologie sono state implementate rispettivamente in DESYRE (DEcision Support sYstem for the REqualification of contaminated sites) e in SYRIADE (Spatial decision support sYstem for Regional rIsk Assessment of DEgraded land) e applicate al sito di Porto Marghera e alla regione dell’Upper Silesia.

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Heathcote-Fumador, Ida Ey. "MEEDS- A Decision Support System for Selecting the Most Useful Developmental Projects in Developing Countries : Case of Ghana." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för system- och rymdteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-71192.

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Several sustainable development indicators have been used to monitor and measure the progress of various countries. Similarly, reports and data available about countries progress prove that development has not been equal in all regions. On the brighter side, the data can be used to inform decision making in areas that are experiencing deficiencies. In this research, a decision support system(DSS) is built to help governments and NGOs to properly choose projects that align with the needs of the people. We approached this research by utilizing Abraham Maslow’s proven psychological framework on the hierarchy of needs as the main criteria for choosing projects for sustainable development. The system ranks development projects based on the needs priority and how much it has been fulfilled. It ranks projects that meet an urgent need that is also lacking fulfillment higher than other project alternatives. The social progress index (SPI), a comprehensive open data that measures the social progress of counties were correlated to the needs indicated by Maslow’s Hierarchy. The needs were then used as criteria in the AHP decision analysis model to build a classic DSS to aid in selecting the most appropriate development project.

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Horne, Susan Elaine. "A Seasonal Shelf Space Reorder Model Decision Support System." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1291086889.

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Rupakheti, Sanjib. "Evaluation of Rural Sanitation Alternatives in Nepal Using Decision Support System (DSS) Approach." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-200181.

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A society´s health depends on the access to proper and hygiene sanitation. Half of the population still do not have access to proper sanitation in Nepal; therefore government and non-government organizations are facilitating sanitation access to all the population. Decades ago, open defecation and pit latrines toilet were the only options as sanitation system to the people. But now, various types of toilets system known as dry toilets, septic tanks, centralized sewerage system and biogas integrated toilets are available. Therefore, existing toilet system in rural areas of Nepal needs to be evaluated with respect to environment and long term sustainability. Aim of this study is to find the appropriate toilet system for rural areas of Nepal. This study also discusses how that appropriate toilet system can be promoted based on current scenarios from government level to local level. Generic Multi-Attribute Analysis (GMAA) is used as a decision support tools to evaluate available various toilet alternatives. For which a rural area from Nepal is chosen as study area. GMAA helps in evaluating all the toilet system based on social, technological, environmental and economical aspects. Interpretation between the toilet systems can be made easily with the help of GMAA results. Field questionnaire survey was also carried out in the study area to know user´s understanding of toilet alternatives. Every toilet systems have pro and cons based on different social, technological, environmental and economical aspects. It was found that pit latrines toilet systems are mostly practiced in the rural areas of Nepal. User prefers pit latrines because of its social accepted character and technologically easy in using it. Biogas integrated toilet system came as optimal toilet system though not accessible to all household. It was found that urine and faeces separating toilets are environmentally and economically beneficial. The thesis concludes that appropriate toilet system which is sustainable must be promoted while increasing toilet coverage in Nepal. Urine and faeces separating toilet is found to be appropriate and need to be incorporated in the government goal of increasing toilet coverage.

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Drew, Christina H. "The decision mapping system : promoting transparency of long-term environmental decisions at Hanford /." Thesis, Connect to materials related to this title online, 2002. http://nalu.geog.washington.edu/dms.

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Taroun, Abdulmaten. "Decision Support System (DSS) for construction project risk analysis and evaluation via evidential reasoning (ER)." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/decision-support-system-dss-for-construction-project-risk-analysis-and-evaluation-via-evidential-reasoning-er(1eb74da2-ded1-4ea7-8f50-1fc6edd12353).html.

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This research explores the theory and practice of risk assessment and project evaluationand proposes novel alternatives. Reviewing literature revealed a continuous endeavourfor better project risk modelling and analysis. A number of proposals for improving theprevailing Probability-Impact (P-I) risk model can be found in literature. Moreover,researchers have investigated the feasibility of different theories in analysing projectrisk. Furthermore, various decision support systems (DSSs) are available for aidingpractitioners in risk assessment and decision making. Unfortunately, they are sufferingfrom a low take-up. Instead, personal judgment and past experience are mainly used foranalysing risk and making decisions.In this research, a new risk model is proposed through extending the P-I risk model toinclude a third dimension: probability of impact materialisation. Such an extensionreflects the characteristics of a risk, its surrounding environment and the ability ofmitigating its impact. A new assessment methodology is devised. Dempster-ShaferTheory of Evidence (DST) is researched and presented as a novel alternative toProbability Theory (PT) and Fuzzy Sets Theory (FST) which dominate the literature ofproject risks analysis. A DST-based assessment methodology was developed forstructuring the personal experience and professional judgment of risk analysts andutilising them for risk analysis. Benefiting from the unique features of the EvidentialReasoning (ER) approach, the proposed methodology enables analysts to express theirevaluations in distributed forms, so that they can provide degrees of belief in apredefined set of assessment grades based on available information. This is a veryeffective way for tackling the problem of lack of information which is an inherentfeature of most projects during the tendering stage. It is the first time that such anapproach is ever used for handling construction risk assessment. Monetary equivalent isused as a common scale for measuring risk impact on various project success objectives,and the evidential reasoning (ER) algorithm is used as an assessment aggregation toolinstead of the simple averaging procedure which might not be appropriate in allsituations. A DST-based project evaluation framework was developed using projectrisks and benefits as evaluation attributes. Monetary equivalent was used also as acommon scale for measuring project risks and benefits and the ER algorithm as anaggregation tool.The viability of the proposed risk model, assessment methodology and projectevaluation framework was investigated through conducting interviews with constructionprofessionals and administering postal and online questionnaires. A decision supportsystem (DSS) was devised to facilitate the proposed approaches and to perform therequired calculations. The DSS was developed in light of the research findingsregarding the reasons of low take-up of the existing tools. Four validation case studieswere conducted. Senior managers in separate British construction companies tested thetool and found it useful, helpful and easy to use.It is concluded that the proposed risk model, risk assessment methodology and projectevaluation framework could be viable alternatives to the existing ones. Professionalexperience was modelled and utilised systematically for risk and benefit analysis. Thismay help closing the gap between theory and practice of risk analysis and decisionmaking in construction. The research findings recommend further exploration of thepotential applications of DST and ER in construction management domain.

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Zavichi, Tork Amir. "A real-time crane service scheduling decision support system (CSS-DSS) for construction tower cranes." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/6041.

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The success of construction projects depends on proper use of construction equipment and machinery to a great extent. Thus, appropriate planning and control of the activities that rely on construction equipment could have significant effects on improving the efficiency of project operations. Cranes are the largest and most conspicuous construction equipment, widely used in typical construction sites. They play a major role in relocation of materials in horizontal and vertical directions on construction sites. Given the nature of activities relying on construction cranes in various stages of a project, cranes normally have control over the critical path of the project with the potential to create schedule bottlenecks and delaying the completion of the project. This dissertation intends to improve crane operations efficiency by developing a new framework for optimizing crane service sequence schedule. The crane service sequence problem is mathematically formulated as an NP-complete optimization problem based on the well-known Travel Salesman Problem (TSP) and is solved using different optimization techniques depending on the problem's size and complexity. The proposed framework sets the basis for developing near-real time decision support tools for on-site optimization of crane operations sequence. To underline the value of the proposed crane sequence optimization methods, these methods are employed to solve several numerical examples. Results show that the proposed method can create a travel time saving of 28% on average in comparison with conventional scheduling methods such as First in First out (FIFO), Shortest Job First (SJF), and Earliest Deadline First (EDF). Ph.D. Doctorate Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering Engineering and Computer Science Civil Engineering

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Zabeo, Alex <1976&gt. "A decision support system for the assessment and management of surface waters." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/1093.

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Water protection is one of the priorities in the preservation of human health and environmental sustainable conditions. Since 2000, the European Union Water Framework Directive (EU-WFD), which establishes a framework for community action in the field of water policy, asks Member States to adopt appropriate assessment methods and management solutions to reach a good ecological status of water bodies by 2015. In this context the lack of appropriate risk-based methodologies and decision support tools was identified. For this reason, we developed a novel Multi Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) based methodology inside a Geographic Information System (GIS) tool for surface water quality and socio-economic evaluations. The resulting Decision Support System (DSS) is called MODELKEY. The MODELKEY DSS is a freeware application built as a Rich Client Platform and Eclipse plug-in for a Java/Eclipse based open source GIS framework (uDig). It has been successfully applied to three case studies representing European key areas: the rivers Llobregat (Spain), Elbe (Czech Republic, Germany) and Scheldt (France, Belgium and The Netherlands). This work is part of the FP6 European project MODELKEY (Contract-No. 511237 (GOCE)). La protezione dell'acqua è una delle priorità nella conservazione della salute umana e di condizioni ambientali sostenibili. A partire dal 2000, la direttiva quadro sulle acque emanata dall'Unione Europea (EU-WFD), la quale stabilisce un insieme comune di azioni da intraprendere nell'ambito delle politiche relative alle acque, richiede agli stati membri di adottare modelli di valutazione e soluzioni manageriali appropriate al fine di raggiungere uno stato ecologico buono delle copri idrici entro il 2015. In questo contesto è stata identificata la mancanza di metodologie e sistemi di supporto alle decisioni appropriati che siano basati sul rischio. Per questo motivo abbiamo sviluppato una metodologia innovativa basata sull'analisi multicriteriale (MCDA) sviluppata all'interno di un Geographic Information System (GIS) allo scopo di valutare lo stato delle acque anche in relazione alle condizioni socio-economiche circostanti. Il sistema di supporto alle decisioni (DSS) che ne è scaturito si chiama MODELKEY. Il Modelkey DSS è un'applicazione gratuita creata come Rich Client Platform (RCP) e plug-in per nel sistema Java/Eclipse che si appoggia ad un GIS open source (uDig). Il DSS è stato applicato con successo a tre casi di studio che rappresentano altrettante aree di interesse a livello europeo: i fiumi Llobregat (Spagna), Elba (Repubblica Ceca e Germania) e Schelda (Francia, Belgio, Olanda). Questo lavoro è parte del progetto europeo Modelkey all'interno dell'FP6 (Contract-No. 511237 (GOCE)).

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Haviland, Hannah. ""The Machine Made Me Do It!" : An Exploration of Ascribing Agency and Responsibility to Decision Support Systems." Thesis, Linköping University, Centre for Applied Ethics, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2922.

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Are agency and responsibility solely ascribable to humans? The advent of artificial intelligence (AI), including the development of so-called “affective computing,” appears to be chipping away at the traditional building blocks of moral agency and responsibility. Spurred by the realization that fully autonomous, self-aware, even rational and emotionally-intelligent computer systems may emerge in the future, professionals in engineering and computer science have historically been the most vocal to warn of the ways in which such systems may alter our understanding of computer ethics. Despite the increasing attention of many philosophers and ethicists to the development of AI, there continues to exist a fair amount of conceptual muddiness on the conditions for assigning agency and responsibility to such systems, from both an ethical and a legal perspective. Moral and legal philosophies may overlap to a high degree, but are neither interchangeable nor identical. This paper attempts to clarify the actual and hypothetical ethical and legal situations governing a very particular type of advanced, or “intelligent,” computer system: medical decision support systems (MDSS) that feature AI in their system design. While it is well-recognized that MDSS can be categorized by type and function, further categorization of their mediating effects on users and patients is needed in order to even begin ascribing some level of moral or legal responsibility. I conclude that various doctrines of Anglo legal systems appear to allow for the possibility of assigning specific types of agency – and thus specific types of legal responsibility – to some types of MDSS. Strong arguments for assigning moral agency and responsibility are still lacking, however.

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Charoenvisal, Kongkun. "A BIM Interoperable Web-Based DSS for Vegetated Roofing System Selection." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/51953.

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There is a body of evidence indicating that the implementation of current Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry business models and practices have caused negative impacts on global energy supply, ecosystems, and local or regional economies. In order to eliminate such negative impacts, AEC practitioners are seeking new business models in which the Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology can be considered an important technology driver. Despite the fact that the majority of AEC practitioners have used BIM tools for construction-level modeling purposes, some early adopters of BIM technology began to use BIM tools to better inform their design decisions. Corresponding to the increasing demand for decision support functionality, a number of studies showed that a part of BIM technology will be developed toward decision support and artificial intelligence domains. The use of computer-based systems to support decision making processes can usually be found in the business management field. In this field, decision support and business intelligence systems are widely used for improving the quality of managerial decisions. Because of its theories and principles, Decision Support Systems (DSS) can be considered as one of the potential information technologies that can be applied to enhance the quality of design decisions. The DSS also has the potential to be constructed as a system platform for implementing building information contained in BIM models associated with other databases, analytical models, and expert knowledge used by AEC practitioners. This study explores an opportunity to extend the capability of BIM technology toward the decision support and artificial intelligence domains by applying the theories and principles of DSS. This research comprises the development of a prototype BIM interoperable web-based DSS for vegetated roofing system selection. The prototype development can be considered a part of an ongoing research agenda focusing on the development of the integrated web-based DSS for holistic building design conducted within the College of Architecture and Urban Studies (CAUS), Virginia Tech. Through a post-use interview study, the developed prototype is used as a tool for evaluating the possibility for the DSS development and the usefulness of DSS in improving the quality of vegetated roofing system design decisions. The understanding gained from the post-use study is used to create a guideline for developing a fully functional DSS for holistic building design that will be developed in the future. Ph. D.

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Baker, Elizabeth White. "The Impact of Relational Model Bases on Organizational Decision Making: Cases in E-Commerce and Ecological Economics." VCU Scholars Compass, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10156/1399.

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Škrobánková, Jana. "DSS pro úspory energií potenciálních klientů." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-162810.

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This diploma thesis focuses on a model-oriented system for decision support. The main contribution of the thesis consists in creating a system simulating energy saving which would result from the purchase of plastic windows and/or of a heat pump. The basis of the simulator is a functional model consisting of individual variables and connections between them and created in compliance with relevant notation. The thesis describes and illustrates not only the model structure itself, but, in the same time, also its logic on which basis the corresponding energetic saving is calculated after entry of necessary initial values. The diploma thesis includes, in addition to the model, also the description and the graphical representation of the created user interface which provides the user with easy entry of parameters and clear display of results. The introductory part of this work introduces the basic theoretical terms and approaches concerning the system dynamics together with its principles. The following part is dedicated to the description of the enterprise for which the system for decision support was created. The final part contains the above mentioned model, its structure and description, as well as the created user interface.

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Dawood, Imad. "Decision support system (DSS) model to facilitate strategic planning of the housing industry in the developing world." Thesis, University of Salford, 2010. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/26635/.

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Houghton (2010) believes that housing is a profoundly important issue like food and water and without housing humans' life becomes unsustainable. Housing is a basic need for communities and part of everyday life. Too often, progressive politicians have launched house-building programmes in the name of delivering social justice. Affordable housing problems are increasing rapidly with almost 2 billion people, or 32% of the world's urban population, living in slums, the majority of which are in the developing world (UN-Habitat 2003 and UN-IRIN 2008). The main reasons that have forced people to live under extreme conditions in slums are the lack of governments' commitment, resources and ineffective strategic planning techniques/tools (Tibaijuka, 2009; Hull, 1998; Yao, 2010). Setting strategies and policies for the housing industry can be a very delicate, confusing and unpredictable process for decision makers and government officials. Scholars, researchers and prominent international figures such as Tibaijuka (2009), Porter (1998), Davis (2000) etc. argue that the housing industry in developing countries is suffering from insufficient and ineffective strategic planning. Moreover, Tibaijuka (2009) states that given what is now know of the housing, building and planning sectors, collectively known as the real estate sector, it is evident that it has failed to meet its goals in macroeconomic planning and policy formulation, particularly in developing countries. In addition, the present unsatisfactory state of housing in developing countries is the result of wilful neglect by government economic planners and political decision-makers and the lack of clear understanding, strategies and policies of the nature and functioning of the sector itself (ibid). In other words, the insufficient and ineffective strategic planning of the housing industry, among other reasons has forced billions of people worldwide to live in slums and shanty towns. This research focuses on addressing the housing problems in developing countries from the strategic planning point of view and the techniques/tools available that can be used and implemented to drive forward and improve the performance of the housing industry. Effective techniques/tools (Interpretive Structural Model "ISM" and Decision Support System "DSS" Model) are realised through this research and will be used, adopted and implemented based on the major housing industry factors that have been identified. A total of 94 factors and sub-factors were identified through profound investigation of literature. The number of housing industry factors was reduced to 14 major factors using Entity Relations Model (ERM) based on logical and contextual relations established through literature in order to reduce the work load and therefore to remain within the time and cost limits and constrains of this research. The 14 major factors (tangible and non-tangible) of the housing industry were then prioritised using the ISM in order to indicate to decision makers what is the most important factor(s) to start with the process of improving the performance of the housing industry and makes it meets its targets. The tangible/measurable factors were then used to develop the DSS Model/engines based on MS Excel/Spreadsheet to provide estimates on the housing finances and costs of the housing industry to assist decision makers setting realistic and sound strategies and policies. Finally, the DSS Model was tested/validated by running scenarios and simulations using data from the case study of the Iraq housing industry provided by the Iraqi Institute for Economic Reform (HER) in order to confirm the DSS Model integrity and correctness. The HER is an official body directly linked to the Office of Prime Minister. The evaluation process however was conducted by seeking Subject Matter Experts (SMEs)/stakeholders' opinions to evaluate the DSS Model quality, functionality, integrity, acceptance, effectiveness, reliability, usability, etc. via observations and interviews. Subject Matter Experts (SMEs)/stakeholders were recruited from developing countries (Malaysia and Sri Lanka), developed countries (UK), financers (World-Bank) and Non-Governmental Organisations "NGOs" (UN) which involved a total of six Subject Matter Experts (SMEs)/stakeholders. The result of the evaluation process was overall very positive with the DSS Model being widely accepted by all stakeholders as a novel approach and tool which is perceived can make a great impact on the housing industry strategic planning in both developing and also developed countries. Finally, according to the evaluation process of this research, all Subject Matter Experts (SMEs)/stakeholders confirmed the ORIGINALITY and GENERALIZABILITY of the DSS Model.

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Odqvist, Patrik. "Information Visualization of Assets under Management : A qualitative research study concerning decision support design for InfoVis dashboards in fund management." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-280848.

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Information visualization dashboards are a widely used supportive tool in decision making. These tools can be difficult to create and utilize especially for the novice user. There is an extensive collection of company related data for decision making, resulting in a need of assistive tools. Prototypes were developed to research and identify design guidelines how to support fund managers in their decision making. This was carried out as a qualitative study involving 7 experts in fund management. The results provide insights and guidelines in decision supportive design for dashboards. The results indicate that there is a threshold in the number of displayed elements without limiting the cognitive analysis by the user. Three aspects; size, distribution and time should be included in the generating of suitable graphics. Assistive tools for connecting multiple context domains has been identified as a crucial element of decision support design. These guidelines should be investigated further in larger and more diverse studies in order to prove its full validity. Information visualiserings dashboards är ett väl etablerat verktyg i beslutsfattning. Sådana verktyg kan vara utmanande att skapa och använda speciellt för en oerfaren användare. Idag samlas det in stora mängder av företagsrelaterad data för beslutsfattning vilket resulterar i ett behov av hjälpande verktyg. I den här studien utvecklades flera prototyper för att undersöka och tag fram designriktlinjer för hur man ska utforma och hjälpa fondförvaltare i sitt beslutsfattande. En kvalitativ studie genomfördes med 7 experter inom fond och kapitalförvaltning i framtagandet av designriktlinjer. Resultaten visar riktlinjer för beslutsstöd i utformningen av dashboards. Resultaten indikerar att det finns en gräns för hur många element man bör presentera för en användare utan att försvåra användarens kognitiva analysförmåga. Tre karaktärsdrag; storlek, distribution och tid påverkar utformningen av passande grafik. Studien har även identifierat behovet av verktyg för sammankopplingen mellan flera olika kontextdomäner i och med den kollaborativa delen av beslutsfattning. Dessa designriktlinjer ligger till grund för fortsatt undersökning i större och mer varierade studier för att styrka dess validitet.

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Barac, Auschka Susan. "EcoRestore : a decision support system for the restoration of degraded rangelands in southern Africa / Anuschka Susan Barac." Thesis, North-West University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/448.

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Land degradation is a process that causes the reduction in resource potential of natural rangelands and occurs widespread throughout southern Africa. This process is mainly characterized by the loss in vegetation cover, which leads to the occurrence of bare and denuded patches, increased soil erosion, changes in species composition as well as bush encroachment by indigenous and alien invasive plant species in savannah areas. Degradation of rangelands has drastically extended at an alarming rate during the last few decades with the main causes being overstocking, extended periods of drought, global climate change, overgrazing and general mismanagement of the land. Many researchers, however, feel that rangeland degradation is mainly caused by a combination of changes in land use practices and climate variability. Land users have, however, been applying a variety of technologies over the years in order to restore affected rangelands and mitigate the effect of degradation. These technologies include passive and active intervention methods, aimed at restoring bare and denuded areas and controlling indigenous bush and alien plant species encroachment. Bush control can be carried out by applying different technologies, involving chemical, mechanical, manual or biological control. The focal point of this study is on bush encroachment, the factors causing the problem, the possible ways of controlling this phenomenon and lastly the incorporation of such information into a user-friendly Decision Support System (DSS). The Decision Support System comprises of two databases as well as a related expert system. Bush encroachment is a matter of great concern in most southern African countries. This study therefore mainly included data from Namibia and to a lesser extent, South Africa, as the main study areas, seeing that this form of degradation greatly influences the biodiversity of rangelands in both these countries. The Namibia Agricultural Union (NLU) identified the need for the development of a user-friendly Decision Support System, in which case studies concerning the different bush control technologies could be stored in a database. Restoration technologies, regarding the occurrence of bare and denuded areas, that have been applied by the land users over a period of time and in a specific environment in the past, have been captured in a computerized database and expert system, serving as a Decision Support System (DSS) and user-friendly consulting tool in a similar study, carried out by Mr. Van der Merwe (1997). This DSS was based on CBR (Case Based Reasoning) methodologies by which a number of case studies, that have previously been stored in the database, can be searched by means of an expert system approach to advise the land user concerning the most appropriate solution (action) to similar degradation problems. The DSS developed by Mr. Van der Merwe was never published or made accessible to the land user in a format that could be consulted by either CD-ROM or the internet. Seeing that the NLU identified the need for a similar DSS containing bush control technologies, it was decided to incorporate both these databases into a single DSS, concerning bush control as well as the restoration of bare and denuded patches. The newly converted DSS is currently known as EcoRestore and consists on two databases: Grass Expert, which focuses on technologies to reclaim degraded rangelands, and Bush Expert, which is more focused on the control of bush encroachment and combating of alien invasives. As mentioned, this study focussed on the development of the Bush Expert database and will therefore only include results, discussions and conclusions of these case studies. The case studies in the Bush Expert database consist of results obtained by means of a questionnaire completed by the land user, in collaboration with the agricultural extension officer, as well as a quantitative vegetation assessment, to determine the success rate of the applied technology. The Bush Expert questionnaire, comprises of questions concerning personal information of the land user (e.g. location of the farm), the situation on the farm before bush control was applied (e.g. information on the environmental factors, such as density of problem trees), as well as the type of control technology applied and the situation of the rangeland after control (e.g. establishment of the herbaceous species). The quantitative vegetation assessments involved the sampling of the woody and herbaceous components in the area where a specific control technology was applied. The density and height classes of the woody component were determined by means of the belt-transect method. By using the descending-point method, the herbaceous component was surveyed to determine the abundance/frequency of the annual and perennial grass species. In order to increase the success of any restoration project, it is important to take the existing indigenous knowledge of local land users, concerning the problem of degradation and mitigation thereof, into consideration. By doing so, the local people and communities have greater control and responsibility over their resources and are able to command a greater range and level of resourcefulness. Taking indigenous knowledge into consideration finally enables the local land users to actively participate in and influence higher-level decision-making processes by which they are affected. A total of 175 case studies in Namibia and nine case studies in South Africa were surveyed. The Namibian case studies were surveyed in the central and northern arid and semi-arid regions, and South African case studies in a limited location within the Limpopo Province. Only 100 of the Namibian case studies have thus far been incorporated into the Bush Expert database. Multivariate data analyses techniques, analysis of variance and correlation analyses were used to analyse the data obtained from the questionnaires and quantitative vegetation surveys. Results were represented in the form of histogrammes, tables and multivariate analysis ordinations. From the results obtained for the Bush Expert database, it was clear that chemical control technologies were most often applied in Namibian and South African case studies (61%). The herbicides most commonly applied as chemical control technology in Namibia included Grazer (20%) and Savana (15%), whilst in South Africa these included Access (33.3%) and Tordon Super (33.3%). Herbicides were mostly applied by means of aerial application (46%) methods in Namibia and as cut-stump treatment (55.5%) by means of knapsack spraying or with a brush in South Africa. The dominant woody species causing bush encroachment problems in Namibia were found to be Acacia mellifera, Acacia reficiens and Dichrostachys cinerea, whereas in South Africa these species included Dichrostachys cinerea, Acacia erubescens and Acacia karroo. The wood of the controlled problem species (dead woody material) is mostly not utilized after control, but rather left on the land to disintegrate and thus contribute to the organic material content in the soil. Dead branches are also used for brush packing, which forms and ideal micro-climate for the germination and establishment of grass seeds, which serves as an erosion control medium and protects grass seedlings against grazing impacts. Some land users do however produce charcoal from certain controlled woody species, in order to recover some of the input costs of bush control. The majority of the case study sites (68%) in Namibia occurred within the 300-450 mm short- and long-term rainfall zones and in South Africa the majority of case study sites occurred within the short-term rainfall zone of 550-600 mm (66.6%) and 400- 500 mm long-term rainfall zone (55.5%). Case studies where chemical and manual bush control technologies were applied indicated the highest success rates after control (81.7% and 75.2% respectively). Success rate as an entity was greatly influenced by the type of control technology applied, the density of the problem woody species after bush control as well as environmental variables such as rainfall and soil clay percentage. No definite trend could be determined concerning the application of a specific bush control technology and a certain problem species. Land users tend to apply a chosen control technology, according to the resources available, such as labour, mechanical implements and finances. The only positive correlation between control technologies and the type of problem species could be found regarding Dichrostachys cinerea. This species was mainly chemically controlled by means of the application of certain herbicides. The most important lesson to be learnt from the surveys completed in the two countries is that it is an absolute necessity to apply a proper after-care programme as a management practice following the initial control of problem woody species. The implementation of after-care determines the final success rate of any applied bush control technology as a restoration practice within a rangeland. Only 11% of the case studies surveyed for Namibia and South Africa indicated the implementation of an after-care programme, which usually involved biological control (e.g. browsing by boer goats or the use of controlled or accidental natural veld fires). The EcoRestore Decision Support System is currently available as an online webversion (www.puk.ac.za/EcoRestore), as well as a CD-ROM version. The CD-ROM version is available in a package containing the CD and user's manual. An example of the package is included in this dissertation. In consulting the databases through question-and-answer procedures, the best action will be proposed to the land user for future rangeland restoration, either the reclamation of denuded areas or the control of bush encroachment. Since the case studies are based on past and existing experiences and research, the land user will have an indication of the expected outcome, should the same advised technology be applied. The EcoRestore DSS does not only offer a consulting tool for extension workers and technicians, but also creates networking and participation between land users and researchers, both locally and between neighbouring countries. The DSS is linked to other national and international websites and databases, to offer users a wider range of information and technologies with regard to agricultural and conservation practices. Better awareness is created amongst land users concerning the problem of rangeland degradation, which might encourage closer monitoring of the degradation and mitigation processes. The EcoRestore DSS was developed in such a way for it to be as user-friendly as possible, in order to reach as many parties involved in current or future restoration programmes. This study involved the development of the first version of the DSS (Version 1.0) and is thus only the prototype system. It is proposed that the Bush Expert database of the EcoRestore DSS, will be expanded in future and additional bush control case studies from other southern African countries will be included. The addition of such case studies will ultimately increase the effectivity of this DSS. Thesis (M.Sc. (Botany))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2004.

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Lam, T. "A web-based Decision Support System (DSS) to assist SMEs to broker risks and rewards for BIM adoption." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2017. http://eprints.uwe.ac.uk/31978/.

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Building Information Modelling (BIM) usage in the UK’s construction industry has recorded a significant increase over the last few years. However, available evidence suggests that BIM adoption amongst larger construction firms and innovators seems be dominant, while the uptake of BIM by Small and Medium Sized enterprises (SMEs) remains relatively poor. Consequently, SMEs are currently lagging behind and are losing out in winning publicly funded projects. SMEs have not fully recognised the benefits of using BIM in project delivery. Guidance and frameworks to assist SMEs to make an informed decision about BIM adoption are currently lacking. It appears that SMEs are yet to be convinced that BIM is beneficial to them, and remain concerned about the potential risks to their business. Guidance and frameworks to assist SMEs in making an informed decision about BIM adoption are currently lacking. This study seeks to bridge this gap and provide a decision-support system (DSS) to assist in the analysis of the risks and rewards of adopting BIM by SMEs, in project delivery. As a result, a conceptual framework was developed to give a theoretical foundation to the study of brokering risks and rewards in the adoption of BIM for project delivery. This framework is comprehensive and includes trading off risks and rewards associated with several criteria, such as stage of involvement, project value, funding, and the procurement route chosen. The approach was validated by a representative sample of BIM users. The results of the validation of the framework provided an informed basis for the development of the DSS. The latter was validated by a sample of SMEs, according to several criteria such as ease of use of the Graphical user interface (GUI), quality of information, level of information presented, trading off risks and rewards of adoption of BIM in project delivery. The findings of the framework validation revealed that early design stage, project size between £5m and £50m, private funding, and integrated project delivery procurement are the best opportunities that enable SMEs to maximise the benefits and minimise the risks, when adopting BIM. Regarding the DSS validation, most participants reported that they had found the DSS easy to use, especially the GUI. They were also positive about the level and quality of information and knowledge provided by the DSS. In particular, they found the DSS informative to broker risks and rewards for BIM adoption.

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Yu, Shuren. "How to Leverage Text Data in a Decision Support System? : A Solution Based on Machine Learning and Qualitative Analysis Methods." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för informatik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-163899.

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In the big data context, the growing volume of textual data presents challenges for traditional structured data-based decision support systems (DSS). DSS based on structured data is difficult to process the semantic information of text data. To meet the challenge, this thesis proposes a solution for the Decision Support System (DSS) based on machine Learning and qualitative analysis, namely TLE-DSS. TLE-DSS refers to three critical analytical modules: Thematic Analysis (TA), Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA)and Evolutionary Grounded Theory (EGT). To better understand the operation mechanism of TLE-DSS, this thesis used an experimental case to explain how to make decisions through TLE-DSS. Additionally, during the data analysis of the experimental case, by calculating the difference of perplexity of different models to compare similarities, this thesis proposed a solution to determine the optimal number of topics in LDA. Meanwhile, by using LDAvis, a model with the optimal number of topics was visualized. Moreover, the thesis also expounded the principle and application value of EGT. In the last part, this thesis discussed the challenges and potential ethical issues that TLE-DSS still faces.

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Pinkas, Miroslav. "Zlepšení procesů řízení rizik v pojišťovně pomocí DSS a BI." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-149906.

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The thesis is concerned with application of Decision Support Systems and Business Intelligence as a tool for decision-making support into processes of operational risk management in insurance company to improve them and reach a higher corporate performance.The goal of the thesis is to analyze a theory for a support of a process improvement design with the mentioned reach and to develop a design of improved operational risk management processes in a particular insurance company. The mean to reach goals is through-out a literature and articles research regarding a process improvement, decision-making, models and technologies of DSS and BI, and risk management. The theoretical framework is then used as back-bone for implementation of a practical part of innovated processes design. The thesis offers the analysis of an area of risk management processes improvement via DSS and BI in an insurance company that has been researched relatively little, but whose principles can be used for improvement projects in different areas too. A department of operational risk management in a certain insurance company obtains a complete design of innovated processes including DSS / BI application support specification which respects modern techniques of process improvements involving specific methods of decision-making quality. For the same department a part of the design was implemented -- Knowledge management system, that can be fully used. Introductory part of the thesis is concerned with techniques of business process improvement and its alignment with corporate performance. The next chapter describes specifics of operational risk management processes. In the third one models, techniques, information technologies of Decision Support Systems and Business Intelligence disciplines are analyzed. The practical part of the text starts with strategic analysis of the insurance company, proceeds with operational risk management processes analysis and reaches the design of innovated processes involving DSS and BI application support. Benefits of designed processes' changes are verified. In the conclusion a certain process change is accepted for the implementation and its results are described.

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Saemian, Sina. "ADAPTATION STRATEGIES TO IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND VARIABILITY ON TEHRAN WATER SUPPLY IN 2021 : AN APPLICATION OF A DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM (DSS) TO COMPARE ADAPTATION STRATEGIES." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-193998.

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In this thesis, the decision analysis process of investigating the best optimal strategy for Tehran water management in 2021 is described. Such process is normally divided into four steps including: structuring the problem; identifying feasible strategies, their impact and uncertainty; quantifying preferences; and evaluation of countermeasures and sensitivity analysis. Here, in order to structure the problem, the characteristics of Tehran with respect to water issues and its history of water management are reviewed. The state of surface waters and ground waters and a description of Tehran plan for waste water treatment are given, the most significant constraints of Tehran water sector are classified and the challenges of climate change and variability are explained. The feasible adaptation strategies are designed subsequently based on that classification, data extracted from a survey and a number of interviews with water officials and managers and ordinary citizens in Tehran. Each strategy contains a series of separate measures with different weights. The phase of quantifying preferences and elucidating utility functions is conducted based on the data available from previous studies and also the current survey. The measures include: installing water saving devices, awareness raising to change citizens’ water consumption pattern, adding new sources of surface water, investing on waste water utilization, migration control and repairing water distribution network.Different combinations of these measures provide different possibilities for formulating adaptation strategies. We compare two more discussed adaptation strategies of the spectrum of strategies; one is inclined toward exploiting more water resources while the other one is more focused on demand management. The former is mainly supported by water officials and the latter advocated by water experts we interviewed. The criteria of comparison are social acceptability, economic feasibility, time-efficiency and environmental tenability. By considering the uncertainty attributed to the criteria weights, the WEB-HIPRE DSS analysis shows that the demand-oriented strategy is the optimal one in most cases, however, if time-efficiency and/or economic feasibility gain very high significance, the strategy of water officials wins over that of experts.

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Radivojevic, Slavica [Verfasser], Johannes [Akademischer Betreuer] Reichmuth, and Obrad [Akademischer Betreuer] Babic. "Development and design of a Level of Service (LOS) - based decision support system (DSS) tool for disruption management of flight operations affected by the airline prioritisation policy : design of the delaying VIPs oriented decision support - DEVOTED DSS tool / Slavica Radivojevic ; Johannes Reichmuth, Obrad Babic." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1129875644/34.

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Pereira, Maria do Céu da Silva Pinto Rosendo. "B.A.R.T.: as TIC e a optimização da tomada de decisão: estudo de caso." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3014.

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Dissertação de Mestrado em Gestão e Políticas Públicas O objectivo deste estudo consiste em avaliar o impacto das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) a capacidade de um Sistema de Apoio à Decisão (SAD), na optimização da afectação dos recursos humanos operacionais duma empresa do comércio grossista. As TIC utilizadas no apoio à tomada de decisão, são adoptadas frequentemente como ferramentas estratégicas e fazem parte das soluções tecnológicas de que dispõem as organizações modernas. Os SAD surgiram em meados dos anos 70 do século XX, como ferramentas de apoio à gestão, evoluindo de forma a aglutinar e trabalhar uma quantidade de informação incalculável, incapaz de ser retida por qualquer ser humano. As bases de dados sofisticadas em que assentam as propostas de decisão, fornecidas pelas ferramentas de apoio ao decisor, apresentam alternativas correlacionadas que cumulativamente avaliam várias perspectivas de resolução desse problema, das quais o utilizador escolhe a melhor decisão. Embora muito importantes no apoio às tomadas de decisão, estes sistemas, carecem de um decisor e nunca o substituem nesse papel. Os resultados obtidos após a análise do desempenho de uma ferramenta SAD, designada por Best Allocation of Resources and Time (BART) demonstraram um aumento considerável dos níveis de eficiência e a optimização dos recursos humanos operacionais. The purpose of this study is to estimate the impact of Technology of Information and Comunication (TIC) the capacity of a Decision Support System (DSS), the optimal allocation of human resources operating in a wholesale company. The TIC used to support decision making, are often adopted as strategic tools and are part of the technological solutions available to modern organizations. DSS appeared in the mid 70s of the twentieth century, as tools to support management, evolving in order to unite and work an incalculable amount of information, unable to be memorized by any human being. The sophisticated databases on which the proposed decisions as provided by tools supporting the decision-maker have correlated alternatives that cumulatively evaluate several prospects for resolving this problem, where the user chooses the best decision. Although very important in supporting decision-making, these systems require a decision-maker and never replace him in that role. The results obtained after analyzing the performance of a DSS tool, called Best Allocation of Resources and Time (BART) showed a significant increase in levels of efficiency and optimization of operational human resources.

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Hedin, Nathalie, and Adrian Zander. "Using KPIs in decision-making tools in the construction industry." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-253805.

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The construction industry has a great opportunity to streamline its operations even more by making greater use of the digital revolution. The industry today uses a lot of manual data management and analysis to get an overview of the business and to make decisions. This can be a time-consuming process that could be made more efficient through Business Intelligence (BI). BI is a technology that automatically, with the help of selected Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), shows the current status of how a business performs. This can allow managers and executives to make decisions easier and faster.This study examines which KPIs that are of common interest to companies and organizations in the construction industry as well as how these KPIs can be presented to the end users of a BI application. To investigate this, data is collected through literature studies and interviews, which results in a list of common KPIs for the industry. From this common list, a number of KPIs are selected to be visually represented.An analysis of the results, indicates that KPIs are of different importance and relevance depending on which sector of the construction industry the interviewee belongs to. There also appears to be sector-specific KPIs and the common list suggests that the profit margin is of great importance throughout the whole industry. KPIs can be represented in different types of charts and diagrams, depending on the purpose they hold, and should be designed so that they are intuitive and easy to understand. Bygg- och hantverksbranschen har stor möjlighet att effektivisera sin verksamhet ännu mer genom att i större utsträckning utnyttja den digitaliserade utvecklingen. Branschen använder idag mycket manuell datahantering och manuell dataanalys för att få en överblick över verksamheten och ta beslut. Detta kan vara en tidskrävande process, som skulle kunna effektiviseras ytterligare genom Business Intelligence (BI). BI är en teknologi som automatiskt, med hjälp av valda nyckeltal (KPI:er), visar aktuell status på hur en verksamhet presterar. Detta kan göra att beslutsfattare kan fatta beslut enklare och snabbare.Denna studie undersöker vilka nyckeltal som är av gemensamt intresse för företag och organisationer i byggoch hantverksbranschen samt hur dessa nyckeltal kan presenteras för slutanvändarna av en BI-applikation. För att ta reda på detta samlas data in genom litteraturstudier och intervjuer, vilket resulterar i en lista över gemensamma KPI:er i branchen. Ur denna lista handplockas ett antal nyckeltal ut för att representeras visuellt.En analys av resultaten indikerar att nyckeltal är av olika vikt och relevans, beroende på vilken sektortillhörighet av byggoch hantverksbranschen den intervjuade tillhör. Det verkar även finnas sektorspecifika KPI:er samt att listan med de branchgemensamma nyckeltalen antyder att vinstmarginal är av stor vikt. KPI:er kan representeras i olika typer av diagram beroende på vilket syfte de innehar och bör designas så att de är intuitiva och lättförståeliga.

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Geromini, Marcos Fernando. "Avaliação de atributos de testabilidade para sistemas de suporte à decisão." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55134/tde-07102016-163820/.

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As organizações públicas e privadas são constantemente expostas a fatores internos e externos, que podem comprometer sua estabilidade diante das oscilações da economia e dos concorrentes. Nestas empresas, os tomadores de decisão são essenciais para analisar e avaliar todas as variáveis que envolvem estes fatores, com o objetivo de identificar o melhor caminho para os negócios. Entretanto, conseguir gerenciar os dados internos e externos à organização não é uma atividade simples. Neste contexto, os Sistemas de Suporte à Decisão (SSD) tornaram-se fundamentais para auxiliar os tomadores de decisão na solução de problemas mal estruturados ou sem nenhuma estruturação. Porém, a complexidade que envolve os projetos de implantação ou desenvolvimento de um SSD, geralmente compromete a efetividade dos testes que garantem a conformidade do sistema em relação às especificações previamente definidas. Uma solução para esse problema é considerar os atributos ou fatores de testabilidade nestes projetos, pois podem elevar o grau de eficácia e eficiência da atividade de teste e consequentemente contribuírem para redução do tempo e custos do projeto. Portanto, conseguir identificar esses atributos ou fatores que tenham influência na testabilidade dos SSD e algum método que permita analisar e avaliar o quanto estão presentes neste sistema, é essencial para aumentar a qualidade do sistema. Diante desta necessidade, este trabalho investigou e selecionou os principais fatores que podem influenciar no grau de testabilidade de um software e propôs um método para analisar e avaliar o quanto o SSD está considerando esses fatores em sua arquitetura. Com o objetivo de avaliar e validar o método de análise e avaliação, foram realizados testes de aplicabilidade em empresas de pequeno, médio e grande porte, bem como no meio acadêmico. Com os resultados obtidos nos testes, foi possível concluir que o método é específico para SSD, que pode ser usado como um guia durante o processo de desenvolvimento e auxiliar na classificação de SSD quanto a sua testabilidade. Public and private organizations are constantly exposed to internal and external factors which could compromise their stability in the face of fluctuations in the economy and competitors. In these companies, decision makers are essential to analyze and evaluate all the variables regarding these factors, in order to identify the best way for business. However, managing internal and external data of the organization is not a simple activity. In this context, Decision Support Systems (DSS) have become essential to assist decision makers in solving unstructured problems or lock of structure. However, the complexity involved in the implementation of projects or development of a DSS usually compromises the effectiveness of tests that ensure compliance of the system in relation to previously defined specifications. One solution to this problem is to consider the attributes or testability factors in these projects, since they can raise the level of effectiveness and efficiency of testing activity and thus contribute to reducing the time and project costs. Therefore, the ability to identify these attributes or factors that influence testability of DSS and a process for analyzing and evaluating how much the present in this system, is essential to increase system quality. Given this need, this work investigated and selected the main factors that can influence the degree of testability of software and proposed a way to analyze and assess how the DSS is considering these factors in its architecture. In order to evaluate and validate the analysis and evaluation method, applicability tests were performed in small, medium and large companies, as well as in academy. As results obtained in the tests, it was concluded that the method is specific for DSS, which can be used as a guide during the development process and assist in the DSS classification regarding its testability.

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Marentic, George A. "Inventory manager's workstation for the Aviation Supply Office." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/23277.

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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited Each inventory manager at the Aviation Supply Office Philadelphia, PA is presently required to manage approximately 700 line items. To allow the inventory manager a more efficient method of reviewing and using the data and reports from the Uniform Inventory Control Point (UICP) computer system, a distributed computer system is necessary. By downloading the the appropriate inventory data from UICP to a local computer system, a decision support system (DSS) can be be implemented using existing off the shelf hardware and software. The ability to replace the present copious paper reports with concise computerized information and import that data into electronic spreadsheets for further analysis can greatly improve the inventory manager's effectiveness. To this end, this thesis provides inventory managers at ASO with access to the following functions: Interactive access to the main UICP database. The ability to use UICP data with a decision support system. A user interface that is easy to understand and learn. A local data base which supports working group requirements. Basic office automation. This thesis will cover the selection of the hardware and software, data identification and management and DSS development. A prototype system called the IM Workstation was developed for this thesis and used to produce the thesis document. COBOL and ALIS ELF macro program listings are provided. http://archive.org/details/inventorymanager00mare Lieutenant, United States Navy

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Li, Fan. "Performance evaluation and decision support in industrial system management : a benefit-cost-value-risk based methodology." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ENAM0019/document.

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La mesure et la gestion de la performance représente de sérieux défis aux praticiens et chercheurs en génie industriel et sciences de gestion pour une prise de décision efficace sur base d’informations intégrées, dynamiques et pertinentes concernant la satisfaction simultanée d’objectifs émanant de diverses parties-prenantes. Bien que nombreuses méthodologies et outils aient déjà été proposés, des progrès en la matière sont encore possibles pour aider les gestionnaires et les ingénieurs à prendre de meilleures décisions et ce, de manière plus systématique.En considérant que la performance d’un système, projet ou processus industriel peut-être globalement évaluée en suivant quatre dimensions (bénéfice, coût, valeur et risque), cette thèse propose un cadre original et complet ainsi qu’une méthodologie opérationnelle afin d’appliquer des méthodes et outils d’intervention appropriés dans l’évaluation de la performance et l’aide à la décision au sein de projets industriels.A l’aide de plusieurs exemples inspirés de cas industriels, ces travaux soulignent que la méthodologie proposée peut être le support de : l’évaluation de plusieurs scénarios de décision pour sélectionner la solution la plus appropriée, l’évaluation de la performance à toutes phases d’un projet industriel et le pilotage d’un projet en cours avec plusieurs points d’évaluation durant le cycle de vie Performance measurement and management represents serious challenges to practitioners and researchers in industrial engineering and management sciences for efficient decision making with integrated, dynamic and relevant performance information regarding simultaneous accomplishment of multiple stakeholder objectives. Although many methodologies and approaches have already been proposed, there is still room for new advances to go further in assisting managers and engineers to make better decisions in a more systematic manner.Assuming that the performance of an industrial system, project or process can be comprehensively evaluated by four main dimensions (benefit, cost, value and risk), the thesis proposes an original and complete framework as well as an operational methodology to apply relevant supporting methods and tools for the sake of performance evaluation and decision support in industrial projects.Using several examples based on industrial cases, the work emphasises that the proposed methodology can provide the support for: opportunity assessment of several decision alternatives to select the most appropriate one, performance evaluation at any phase of an industrial project and monitoring of an ongoing industrial project requiring performance evaluation at several phases along its life history

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Gowda, Vidya. "Credibility of a Person-Centered Design Decision-making Prototype: Spaces for Older Persons with Vision Loss." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/81388.

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Decline in both visual acuity and visual performance is a fact of life for older people and their increasing share of the population requires that buildings be designed with their visual needs in mind. As their field of vision decreases, people find it harder to identify an objects location, distance, and orientation. Elderly people with vision impairments usually find it harder to perform daily activities such as navigation through indoor spaces. Functional vision can be improved by modifying the design of spaces, for example, with better lighting. However, architects typically do not know how to take the needs of the visually impaired into account in their design process, or simply do not think of doing so. The researcher designed and feasibility-tested a prototype person-centered tool to help architects judge how appropriate a designed space will be for visually impaired people. The study was conducted as a qualitative mixed-methodology research analysis. The researcher used knowledge from literature interpretation to rationalize the development of a person-centered prototype. The researcher immersed design PhD students and vision science experts to inform the prototyping process. Along with an expert group of design and vision science professionals, the researcher beta-tested the prototype during a mock design-process scenario. The researcher also selected a small group of industry experts to participate in open-ended interviews on post-use demonstrations to qualitatively triangulate the findings on the prototypes usability. The study summarizes the feasibility including the challenges of using the prototype for professional purposes and suggests improvement. Ph. D.

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Mohammad, Alamgir Hossain. "Adoption, continued, and extended use of radio frequency identification (RFID) technology : Australian Livestock Industry." Thesis, Curtin University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1766.

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In general, the adoption and diffusion of Information Systems (IS) in agriculture industry is a neglected issue in academia, let alone the livestock sector. In livestock industry, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology is currently used in order to ensure meat safety. Generally, the livestock supply chain involves a large number of people and organisations/farms. To ensure a successful animal-tracing system, the examination of the adoption behaviour of those stakeholders is worthwhile. So far, no initiative has been made by the researchers to investigate the adoption process and relevant factors in a livestock setting. This research aims to close this research-gap. Furthermore, the ultimate success of an innovation is dependent not just on the adoption but on its continued and extended use. Scholars have been investigating on adoption and continuance behaviour of an innovation but not in an integrated fashion.This current research has studied both the adoption and continued and extended usage behaviour of Australian livestock industry regarding RFID technology in a single framework. Moreover, the extension decision of an innovation is a continuous and complex process. It is not easy for farms to identify a correct extension application from many possibilities. As has not been done yet a Decision Support System (DSS), which is based on Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), is developed in this research aiming to aid farms to choose the best extension-project.It is assumed that the adoption factors in a mandatory environment would be different than that of in a voluntary environment. In literature, it is very rare to find a comparative study of the adoption factors of a single innovation in both voluntary and mandatory environments. This research studied the both environments.This research adopted the ‘mixed method’ methodology. Face-to-face direct interview with semi-structured questionnaire has been used for the collection of qualitative data. Data obtained from the field study have been analysed using NVivo software package. On the other hand, Partial Least Square (PLS)-based Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) technique has been used for analysing the quantitative data obtained from a national survey on the variables identified earlier from the qualitative method.The findings of this research confirmed that environmental factors, organisational factors, and technological factors influence the adoption of RFID technology in livestock industry. The continued use and extended use of RFID systems are dependent on satisfaction obtained from using the current system. Moreover, confirmation bridges the adoption and continuance; this is the stage which influences the further-use of an innovation after being adopted.This current research has both theoretical and practical implications. Investigating the adoption factors along with continued and extended use factors in a single framework is a unique initiative by far in literature. This research strengthens the adoption-diffusion research of IS by getting insights from the livestock sector. Using the factors and variables, obtained from the research to develop a practical decision making process (i.e., the DSS) is innovative. As practical implications, governments and other organisations that have the power to make an industry to adopt an innovation should consider the findings of this study for efficient policy development and implementation. Similarly, the innovation-vendors/manufacturers may look at the derived factors for a successful acceptance of an innovation. Finally, the DSS does have the merit to be made more extensive and used at farm level in order to assist the farm decision-makers to choose their extension projects.

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Nguyen, Thi Ngoc Anh. "Dynamic Multilevel Modeling in the design of Decision Support Systems for rescue simulation : combining Agent-based and Mathematical approaches." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066661/document.

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Tsunami est une des pires catastrophes naturelles de la planète, particulièrement pour les villes côtières et bondées. Une question importante dans le domaine est comment trouver une meilleure procédure d’évacuation qui permet de minimiser le nombre de victimes. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, nous nous intéressons au problème des simulations grande échelle pour évacuer des piétons sur un réseau routier d'une ville. Tout d'abord, les modèles base d'équations (EBM) ont l'avantage de résoudre les grands problèmes dans un délai de temps acceptable. Par conséquent, nous choisissons EBM pour optimiser le système de signe de placement. Nous avons appelé Minimisation du Temps Moyen d'Evacuation (MAET). En outre, nous utilisons le modèle Lighthill, Whitham et Richards des flux de piétons sur un réseau routier. Cependant, il est difficile de considérer le problème en détail avec différents facteurs réalistes. Pour examiner le problème en détail, les modèles multi-agents sont l'approche. Les modèles multi-agents (ABM) prennent en compte l'hétérogénéité des comportements des piétons. Cependant, le coût de calcul était énorme lorsqu'il est appliqué avec un grand nombre de personnes évacuées et un milieu dynamique, large. Le résultat de la simulation nécessite d'énormes expérimentations, donc la vitesse de la simulation est un problème que nous voulons Étudier. Nous considérons un modèle hybride qui combine les avantages des deux ABM et EBM. Troisièmement, le problème d'accélération d’un très grand environnement dans les ABMs, tels que ceux utilisés dans la simulation de foule est la clé pour soutenir les systèmes d'aide à la décision réalistes. L'idée principale est d'exploiter les avantages à la fois de la macro et de la micro modélisation. Les résultats que nous obtenons dans la thèse sont : a) Formulation du problème de l'Évacuation ; b) Formulation optimal du système de signes d'alerte ; c) Description de la répartition de la population initiale; d) Simulation de l’évacuation de Tsunami sur le réseau de routier de Nha Trang; e) Construction du modèle hybride pour accélérer la simulation; f) Intégration de ABM et MAET pour un meilleur résultat pour le système alerte de signe optimal One of the world's worst natural disasters is tsunami, in particularly when they hit a crowded coastal city. Coastal cities need to be prepared for such disasters in order to mitigate losses. One major problem would be to find the best evacuation procedure in evacuating a coastal city so as to minimize the number of casualties. In this thesis, we address the problems which involved scaling up simulations for evacuating of pedestrians in a city. Firstly, EBMs have the advantage of solving the big problems in acceptable time. Therefore, EBMs are chosen for optimizing sign placement system by Minimization of Average Evacuation Time (MAET). In addition, we use Lighthill, Whitham and Richards model (LRW) of pedestrian flow on a road network. However, they are difficult to consider the problem in detail with different realistic factors. While Agent-based models (ABMs) take into account the heterogeneity of pedestrians' behaviors and the unspecified road network conditions. However, the computational cost was huge when applied for larger number of evacuees and large dynamic environment. The result of simulation using ABM requires huge experiments, so the speed of simulation is a problem that we want to investigate. We consider a Hybrid-based model (HBM) combining the advantages of both ABM and EBM. Thirdly, the problem of speeding up very large environment in ABMs such as the ones used in crowd simulation is key to support realistic Decision Support Systems. The key idea is to exploit the advantages from both macro and micro modeling. Last but not least, the results achieved in the thesis are: (i) Formulating the problem of evacuation; (ii) Formulating the optimal alert signs system; (iii) Describing the initial population distribution (iv) Simulating Tsunami evacuation on road network of Nha Trang city; (v) Building the Hybrid-Based Model to speed up simulation; (vi) Integrating ABM and MAET to make the results better for the optimal alert signs system

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Wickstead, Frank Anthony. "Quantifying the benefits of greywater systems." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/39626.

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This thesis offers a decision support framework to establish the economic feasibility associated with considering the installation of a greywater system. Because of the potential dangers and lack of widespread knowledge of greywater systems, the study begins by providing an explanation of current greywater technology to include the history of the technology, an explanation of greywater as opposed to reclaimed water, the potential risks of greywater use, and the necessary components of a greywater system. This decision support framework can be used with any scale of greywater system to be installed within any scale of facility. The example of an typical Atlanta, Georgia, USA multifamily rental development is used within the study to explain the framework by showing a working model. The need for water conservation in Georgia is shown and how greywater use dovetails with the need to lower overall usage. The legality of greywater use in Georgia along with the specific legal uses is also shown. The findings are then made State of Georgia and use specific to a multifamily development. The decision support framework provided is a viable tool. The sample framework in chapter 5 shows that the implementation of a greywater unit in the sampled facility would save 5,060,739.6 gallons of potable water per year with a 10.49 year payback cycle.

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Marques, Eduardo Zanoni. "Uma proposta de utilização das tecnologias de business intelligence para suporte a tomada de decisão no contexto de governo eletrônico." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/259455.

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Orientador: Leonardo de Souza Mendes Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Elétrica e de Computação Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T01:51:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marques_EduardoZanoni_M.pdf: 1428094 bytes, checksum: ab4b7bc4527f7bb075ba68a6c6b3c948 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 Resumo: A análise e interpretação dos dados gerados pelos sistemas de informação é uma realidade para as organizações públicas e privadas. Para atender a esta necessidade, surgiram os Sistemas de Suporte à Decisão. Dentre estes, os sistemas de Business Intelligence foram e estão sendo adotados pelo setor privado. No entanto, poucos trabalhos discutem a adoção destes sistemas para o setor público. Este trabalho discute as formas como os sistemas de Business Intelligence podem ser aplicados para auxiliar a administração pública, considerando as particularidades existentes neste setor. Ainda, este trabalho apresenta uma proposta pra construção de um ambiente de Business Intelligence utilizando ferramentas e tecnologias de código aberto. Este ambiente foi aplicado em um cenário real, onde é feita análise dos dados sociais da cidade de Campinas, SP Abstract: The analysis and interpretation of data generated by information systems is a reality for both public and private organizations. As a solution to this problem, the Decision Support Systems were created. Among those, Business Intelligence systems were and are being adopted in the private organizations. Even though, just a few papers discuss the adoption of these systems in public organizations. This dissertation discusses how Business Intelligence systems can be applied to support public administration, considering the public organizations particularities. Still, it presents a proposal to create a Business Intelligence environment using open source tools and technologies. This environment was applied in a real scenario, where the social data from the city of Campinas, SP, was analyzed Mestrado Telecomunicações e Telemática Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica

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Tsolakidis, Anastasios. "Systèmes d'aide à l'évaluation à base de visualisation interactive de graphes. Applications à l'évaluation des systèmes et des institutions éducatives." Limoges, 2014. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/bad92380-d634-463d-bd97-6b27292c8e2e/blobholder:0/2014LIMO4011.pdf.

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L’objectif de la thèse est d’améliorer les systèmes d’évaluation en utilisant des techniques d’analyse visuelle, des méthodes d’Extraction de Connaissances basés sur des graphiques dynamiques interactifs, analyse de réseaux et d’autres méthodes de représentation visuelle. Donc, nous présentons des visualisations interactives algorithmes afin de fournir des représentations qui aident les analystes à construire des modèles conceptuels précis et instructifs des réseaux de co-auteurs. Sur la base des interfaces visuelles interactives, nous fournissons à l’utilisateur d’extraction de connaissance à partir de la visualisation des données (KDD-V), fournissant ainsi que, l’utilisateur aura une assistance améliorée tout au long de la prise de décision (DM). En ce qui concerne les techniques d’Aide la Décision (AD), nous combinons les résultats de l’analyse des réseaux sociaux qui est appliquée sur le réseau de co-auteurs, avec des algorithmes de classification, afin de prévoir des liens futurs entre les auteurs. En outre, nous reconnaissons les équipes de recherche qui existent entre les auteurs en utilisant des algorithmes de classification et nous mesurons l’efficacité d'entre eux. Notre approche se concentre également sur l’analyse de l’efficacité des structures de collaboration dans le cadre de réseaux scientifiques au sein des institutions universitaires. Le principal domaine d’application des objectifs de recherche ci-dessus est l’élaboration d’un cadre de Gestion Institutionnelle de la Recherche (IREMA). IREMA est basé sur une architecture à quatre niveaux et peut être utilisé pour le développement de services liés à la gestion de la recherche et du développement des activités (R&D) dans les établissements d’enseignement supérieur. Dans notre prototype nous avons réussi l’intégration efficace des techniques de fouille de données, de visualisation et d’interaction homme-ordinateur. En d'autres termes, nous avons développé un Système d’Aide à la Décision qui combine ces domaines différents mais liés en vue de l’obtention de décisions efficaces sur de domaines spécifiques The aim of the thesis is to enhance evaluation systems by using visual analytics techniques, knowledge discovery methods based on dynamic-interactive graphs, network analysis and visual representation methods. So, we promote interactive visualizations algorithms in order to provide representations that assist analysts in building accurate and informative conceptual models of the co-authoring networks. Based on the interactive visual interfaces, we provide to the user Knowledge Discovery from Data Visualization , thus providing that, the user gets enhanced assistance throughout the decision making (DM) process. Regarding the DM techniques, we combine the results of the social network analysis that are applied on the co-authoring network, with classification algorithms, in order to predict future links among the authors. Moreover, we extract the research teams that exist among the authors using classification algorithms and then, we measure the efficiency among them. Our approach also focuses on analyzing the effectiveness of collaborative structures in the context of scientific networks within academic institutions. The main application area of the above research objectives was the development of a framework for Institutional Research Management (IREMA). The IREMA is based on a four-layered architecture and can be used for the development of services related to the management of research and development (R&D) activities in Higher Education Institutions. In our prototype, we achieve effective integration of techniques from data mining, visualization and human-computer interaction. In other words, we develop a Decision Support System which combines these different but related domains in such a way that will provide effective decisions on specific domains

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Aires, Debora Barbosa. "Estudo exploratório da integração de processos em uma instituição pública de ensino superior a partir das funcionalidades de um sistema de gestão de processos de negócio /." Bauru, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/132516.

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Orientador: José Paulo Alves Fusco Co-orientador: José de Souza Rodrigues Banca: José Remo Ferreira Brega Banca: Renato de Campos Resumo: A integração dos sistemas corporativos é importante e necessária para a realização técnica dos processos de negócios. As dificuldades (técnicas e de custo) para tornar os sistemas de gestão integrados (os ERPs) aderentes aos processos e à dinâmica organizacional levam as organizações a conviverem com sistemas de diversos fabricantes com baixa ou nenhuma integração entre eles. Essa dificuldade pode se tornar ainda maior no caso de organizações públicas. Uma alternativa para este desfaio pode ser oferecida plo conceito de Gestão de Processos de Negócio (BPM), que objetiva fornecer base conceitual para alinhar os processos de negócio com os objetivos organizacionais. Este trabalho surge da necessidade de conhecer "as implicações o conceito subjacente aos Sistemas de Implementação e Gestão de Processos com base no BPM, como o AtosBPM, têm para a integração de processos nas organizações". Para tanto foi feito um estudo exploratório usando um processo específico em uma instituição pública de ensino superior do Estado de São Paulo. A escolha da instituição foi motivada pela facilidade de acesso a seus dados e processos e a por mesma não dispor de um sistema de gestão integrado. Utilizou-se a filosofia de melhoria contínua de processos de negócio e uma ferramenta computacional para desenhar o processo analisado com base no conceito BPM. Foi gerado uma proposta de otimização do processo analisado, com a qual pode-se concluir que a modelagem e otimização de processos com base no BPM podem servir para integrar os processos organizacionais de uma forma diferente da convencional. Estas possibilidades podem tanto levar os gestores a fazer pequenas adaptações em seus sistemas "criando pontes" de ligação entre sistemas não integrados ao invés de fazerem modificações mais abrangentes, como contornar limitações de recursos orçamentários, por exemplo, para melhorar a integração de seus processos... Abstract: The integration of enterprise systems is important and necessary for the technical realizatino of business processes. Difficulties (technical and cost) to make integrated management systems (ERPs) adhering to processes and organizational dynamics lead organizations to live with systems from various manufacturers with little or no integration between them. This difficulty can become even worse in the case of public organizations. One option for the challenge can be provided by the concept of Business Process Management (BPM), which aims to provide conceptual basis for aligning business processes with organizational goals. This work from the need to know "the implications that the concept behind the Implementation and Process management Systems based on BPM, as AtosBPM, have for the integration processes in organizations." To this end it was made an exploratory study using a specific process in a public institution of higher education in the state of São Paulo. The choice of the institution wa motivated by the ease access to your data and it does not have an integrated management system. It was used the philosophy of continuous improvement of business processes and a computational tool to design the process analyzed based on the BPM concept. It has generated an optimization proposal of the reporting process, with which it can be concluded that process modeling and optimization based on the BPM can be used to integrate business processes in a different way from conventional. These possibilities can either lead managers to make small adjustmentes in their systems "building bridges" linking nonintegrated systems rather than making broader change, like to get around limitations of budgetary resources, for example, to improve the integration of its processes. Therefore, the efficiency and effectiveness of these improvements depend on the approaches used to justify them Mestre

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Decision support systems (DSS)'

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