Academic literature on the topic 'Decisione'
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Journal articles on the topic "Decisione"
1
Loliva, Valentina, Francesca Fabbri, and Cinzia Dini. "Dall'origine di una storia di vita al recupero dei legami originari." MINORIGIUSTIZIA, no. 4 (June 2021): 189–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/mg2020-004019.
Full textAbstract:
L'articolo espone le riflessioni che scaturiscono da una decisione giudiziale del Tribunale per i minorenni di Firenze in tema di diritto alla conoscenza delle origini esercitato nei confronti dei fratelli. L'intervento rappresenta un contributo alla riflessione su un tema certamente controverso, come evidenzia la presenza di una decisione di segno diverso di cui pure sono sinteticamente richiamate le motivazioni, di fronte al quale, nel perdurante silenzio del legislatore, i tribunali minorili sono chiamati ad esercitare una complessa ponderazione delle diverse posizioni soggettive implicate nelle decisioni.
2
Mancaleoni, Anna Maria. "Pratiche commerciali scorrette (dip pricing): sanzioni e ruolo dell'Authority in Australia e in Italia." RIVISTA ITALIANA DI DIRITTO DEL TURISMO, no. 19 (February 2018): 97–161. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/dt2017-019005.
Full textAbstract:
Le due decisioni sopra riportate riguardano la violazione del regolamento sulle pratiche commerciali in due situazioni analoghe: in entrambi i casi il costo del biglietto pubblicizzato dall'impresa di trasporto non comprendeva un costo aggiuntivo che veniva addebitato al momento dell'effettivo acquisto del biglietto. Più precisamente, la decisione australiana che sanziona tale violazione segue un'altra decisione dello stesso tribunale che ha accertato la responsabilità: presenti due parti davanti al tribunale, l'Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) da un alto e la compagnia aerea Virgin dall'altro, la sanzione è applicata dal giudice con riferimento all'importo concordato tra le parti (sanzione congiunta), previa valutazione da parte del giudice dell'adeguatezza di tale importo. La decisione italiana è resa dall'Autorità Garante della Concorrenza e del Mercato (AGCM), la quale, in un procedimento avviato dall'Autorità stessa nei confronti della compagnia marittima Moby, ne stabilisce la responsabilità, vieta la diffusione e la prosecuzione della pratica e condanna la società stessa al pagamento di un sanzione
3
Dazzan, Paola, Dinesh Bhugra, Mauro G. Carta, and Bernardo Carpiniello. "Decision making process for compulsory admission: study on a group of psychiatrists from Sardinia (Italy)." Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale 10, no. 1 (March 2001): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1121189x00008526.
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RIASSUNTOScopo – Valutare il processo decisionale che conduce al Trattamento Sanitario Obbligatorio. Setting – Un gruppo di psichiatri (n=81) della provincia di Cagliari (Sardegna, Italia). Principali misure utilizzate – Le attitudini verso il processo decisionale per il Trattamento Sanitario Obbligatorio sono state valutate attraverso tre ipotetici casi clinici che descrivevano: 1) un uomo con un quadro clinico di depressione e sintomi psicotici; 2) una giovane donna ad un possibile primo episodio psicotico; e 3) un uomo con una storia di abuso di sostanze e disturbo bipolare. Ciascun caso era seguito da un elenco di 11 fattori, ritenuti in letteratura come i più importanti nel processo decisionale per il ricovero obbligatorio (status psichico attuale, diagnosi, severità della malattia, pericolosità, utilità di un'eventuale terapia farmacologica, storia psichiatrica, età, sesso del paziente, possesso di un'abitazione, supporto sociale, occupazione). Per ciascun caso è stato chiesto agli psichiatri: a) se avrebbero sottoposto o meno il soggetto a Trattamento Sanitario Obbligatorio; e b) di elencare gli 11 fattori in ordine di importanza nella decisione di ricoverare obbligatoriamente. Risultati – 57 psichiatri (26 uomini e 31 donne) hanno completato il questionario. I fattori ritenuti importanti nella decisione di ricoverare obbligatoriamente sono stati: status psichico, diagnosi, severità della malattia e utilità di un'eventuale terapia farmacologica. La pericolositá per sé o per gli altri è stata ritenuta il fattore più importante dal 23% del campione. Conclusioni – In tre situazioni cliniche ipotetiche esiste un buon accordo sui fattori ritenuti importanti nella decisione di ricoverare obbligatoriamente, con ampia soggettività nell'applicazione di tali fattori. Questi fattori corrispondono ai criteri raccomandati dalla legge italiana. Il criterio della pericolosità per sé o per gli altri ha un ruolo importante nella decisione e viene occasionalmente considerato più importante dello stato psichico del paziente.
4
Ferrara, Alessandro. "Deliberazione, identitÀ e "doveri d'amore"." SOCIETÀ DEGLI INDIVIDUI (LA), no. 38 (September 2010): 162–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/las2010-038014.
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Il saggio prende in esame due punti della teorizzazione di Harry Frankfurt in merito alla moral agency. Il primo č la corretta concettualizzazione del momento della ‘decisione' all'interno della catena deliberativa. Vengono esaminati tre passaggi critici: a) la base normativa a cui la decisione risponde; b) la teoria della ‘unificazione della persona' attraverso la decisione e c) la distinzione fra ‘scelta' e ‘decisione'. Il secondo punto č l'ambiguitÀ insita nel concetto di ‘doveri d'amore' proposto da Frankfurt. A questo proposito vengono esaminate: a) la distinzione fra amore "attivo" e "passivo" e b) la mancata tematizzazione della "legittimitÀ dell'amore", ovvero del rapporto fra l'amore in quanto relazione sociale e i quadri interpretativi della cultura entro cui si sviluppa.
5
Ibrido, Renato. "Fiscal rules e decisione di bilancio." DIRITTO COSTITUZIONALE, no. 1 (March 2021): 73–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/dc2021-001004.
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Il contributo individua due fattori di trasformazione della originaria costituzione eco-nomica italiana, i quali affondano le loro radici culturali nei filoni del fiscal constitutionalism e dell'ordoliberalismo: da un lato l'incorporazione di fiscal rules in fonti rigide e di rango sovraordinato, anche per effetto del processo di integrazione europeo; dall'altro lato, l'incremento del tasso di razionalizzazione delle regole costituzionali sulla formazione della decisione di bilancio. Alla luce di tale evoluzione, il contributo si interroga sulla possibilità di una diversa organizzazione delle regole fiscali e di bilancio, la quale consenta di recuperare e saldare due principi che nell'impianto della Costituzione italiana fanno sistema: i principi di "responsabilità finanziaria" e di "responsabilità politica".
6
Morello, Gabriele. "Per una Teoria della Non-Decisione." FOR - Rivista per la formazione, no. 78 (June 2009): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/for2009-078019.
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7
Tuzet, Giovanni. "Somnium Taruffi." Derecho & Sociedad, no. 57 (July 17, 2021): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18800/dys.202102.001.
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Il lavoro presenta e discute dialogicamente l’ultimo libro di Michele Taruffo, Verso la decisione giusta (2020), concentrandosi soprattutto sui temi della verità, del ragionamento probatorio e della “decisione giusta” per come intesa da Taruffo. In particolare, vengono poste in luce alcune differenze nei modi di intendere questi temi e viene suggerito che, fra le varie dimensioni della decisione giudiziale, non può essere trascurata quella retorica. Il lavoro è diviso in sezioni che grosso modo corrispon-dono alle parti del libro e si sviluppa in forma di dialogo sulla base di un singolare sogno (“Somnium Taruffi”) le cui figure citano letteralmente i passi del libro in questione.
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Iannello, Paola, and Laura Colautti. "Metacognitive Decision-Making Scenarios (MDMS): proposta di uno strumento per valutare la consapevolezza nei processi decisionali." RICERCHE DI PSICOLOGIA, no. 3 (February 2023): 1–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/rip2022oa15308.
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La capacità decisionale costituisce uno degli aspetti più pervasivi e importanti durante tutto il ciclo di vita dell'individuo. Compiere correttamente le proprie scelte è essenziale per il mantenimento di una prolungata autonomia nella quotidianità, aspetto che risulta cruciale soprattutto con l'avanzare dell'età.Sebbene numerosi studi evidenzino che per una decisione efficace è importante essere consapevoli del processo decisionale attuato, in letteratura non sono disponibili strumenti che siano in grado di rilevare tale consapevolezza.Quest'ultima risulta importante soprattutto nell'anzianità, quando tendenzialmente la maggior parte delle funzioni cognitive sottostanti alla capacità decisionale risulta meno efficiente, inficiando così anche la qualità delle proprie decisioni. Nel presente contributo si vuole descrivere il Metacognitive Decision-Making Scenarios, uno strumento self-report progettato per indagare la consapevolezza all'interno del processo decisionale dell'anziano, assieme ai risultati derivati da una sua preliminare applicazione in fase pilota.Sono state analizzate le risposte di 40 partecipanti, rilevando che lo strumento presenta livelli di consistenza interna superiori alla soglia di accettazione e stabilità nel tempo delle risposte. Vengono inoltre considerate le relazioni esistenti tra le sottoscale e le principali abilità cognitive e caratteristiche psicologiche legate al processo decisionale, oltre a possibili differenze nelle risposte in base a età, scolarità e genere.
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Spagnolo, Antonio G., and Maria Luisa Di Pietro. "Quale decisione per l'embrione in una gravidanza tubarica?" Medicina e Morale 44, no. 2 (April 30, 1995): 285–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/mem.1995.987.
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L'aumento delle gravidanze ectopiche si verifica maggiormente nelle donne con infezioni pelviche, endometriosi e danni tubarici dovuti ad interventi sia di sterilizzazione che di ripristino della pervietà. Vi è inoltre un aumento della incidenza nelle donne infertili, molte delle quali vengono sottoposte a indagini diagnostiche e successivi interventi di procreazione assistita. Inoltre, gioca un ruolo importante l'uso di recenti "contraccettivi" che in realtà sono abortivi. L'articolo considera i valori etici che sono implicati nelle decisioni che possono essere prese nel trattamento di questa condizione patologica: a) aspettare per una risoluzione spontanea o intervenire con una salpingotomia nel caso di pericolo per la donna; b) somministrare sostanze come prostaglandine o metotrexate col fine di interrompere la vita embrionale; c) "rimuovere" l'embrione ectopica attraverso un intervento di salpingotomia. Tutte e tre queste decisioni comportano la distruzione dell'embrione senza alcuna prospettiva di continuazione della gravidanza e dunque sono eticamente discutibili. d) Recentemente è stato descritto un riuscito intervento di conversione di una gravidanza tubarica in gravidanza uterina, e questo offre l'occasione per ripensare a ciò che è meglio fare di fronte ad un embrione condannato a morte certa. Secondo gli autori, questa nuova tecnica sembra offrire una realistica prospettiva terapeutica e perciò deve essere approfondita sul piano della ricerca, date anche le disponibilità attuali di fare precocemente una diagnosi di gravidanza ectopica. Inoltre è necessario fare un'opera educativa circa la necessità per la donna di sottoporsi a tali accertamenti diagnostici come pure di partecipare alla messa a punto di tale tecnica e di prevenire i fattori di rischio responsabili della patologia.
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Barra, Favorita. "Diritto e decisione tra discorso e sistema giuridico." SOCIOLOGIA DEL DIRITTO, no. 2 (August 2017): 35–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/sd2017-002002.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Decisione"
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Sismo, Alessandra. "Gli alberi di decisione." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/4127/.
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TOMASSI, Lorenza. "LA DECISIONE AMMINISTRATIVA ALGORITMICA." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Cassino, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/11580/91038.
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within this contribution, an attempt was made, without presumption of exhaustiveness, first to reconstruct the historical regulatory framework underlying the process of digitisation within public administrations; subsequently, emphasis was placed on those endowments, defined of Artificial Intelligence, that provoke in the current picture not a few food for thought. in particular we will try to understand how artificial intelligence can be applied within the administrative procedure without there being a compromise of the paradigms enucleated by the same. In particular, it will be adopted as the key to understanding the necessary attribution of the algorithmic choice always and necessarily to a human official.
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Marocchi, Fabio. "Apprendimento di alberi di decisione." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/8429/.
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In questa tesi viene effettuata una panoramica sull'apprendimento di alberi di decisione (un particolare metodo di apprendimento supervisionato) e sulle varie tecniche per poterne migliorare le prestazioni. Vengono poi descritti alcuni algoritmi e ne vengono confrontate le prestazioni.
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PALAVERA, ROSA MARIA. "IL DOLO. DECISIONE, INTENZIONE, VOLONTA'." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/72220.
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La riflessione prende le mosse dal convincimento che la trattazione tradizionale del dolo – imperniata sulla sua osservazione quale presupposto della sanzione e votata, per la massima parte, all’analisi dei profili probatori – rappresenti, per quanto necessaria nella sua efficacia critica, solo una sfaccettatura del ruolo dell’elemento soggettivo nel diritto penale. Alcuni punti di emersione della ricchezza contenutistica del dolo, sparsi nel tempo e nello spazio normativo, ne colgono la centralità rispetto alla prevenzione, all’accertamento e alla rieducazione (o, ancor meglio, alla restaurazione di quella libertà relazionale che la volontà stessa fonda e che il reato ha tradito). È ribadito che, per il pieno dispiegarsi della sua funzione, non si può prescindere da un reale accertamento della volontà, nella triplice dimensione della volontarietà dell’azione, dell’intenzionalità della prospettiva mentale e della volizione dell’evento. Le difficoltà probatorie e i rischi insiti nel ricorso al “senso comune” costituiscono argomento di sostegno alla ricerca di risposte al reato non ritorsive, volte alla riaffermazione condivisa dei valori offesi. L’ancoraggio dell’istituto del dolo al dato naturalistico del volere è valutato, infine, nella sua qualità di cardine comunicativo in contesti di pluralità culturale e nella sua portata sistematica all’interno di un diritto penale pensato come appello alla libertà dell’uomo.The reflection starts from the conviction that the traditional discourse on dolo – observed as sanction prerequisite in a mostly evidence-devoted analysis – represents, insofar as necessary in its discerning efficacy, only a facet of the mens rea role in criminal law. Some points of emergence of the content richness of dolo, scattered over normative time and space, capture its centrality with respect to prevention, assessment and re-education (or, even better, to restoration of the relational freedom that the will establishes and the crime betrayed). It’s firmly stated that, for the full unfolding of its function, it’s impossible to disregard a genuine scrutiny of the will, in the triple dimension of the action wilfulness, the mental perspective intentionality and the event volition. Evidentiary difficulties and common-sense reasoning risks constitute supporting arguments for the research about non-retaliation responses to the crime, aimed towards the shared reaffirmation of the offended values. Finally, the anchoring of criminal intent to the naturalistic datum of will is assessed as communicative linchpin in contexts of cultural plurality and systematic asset for criminal law as appeal to human freedom.
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Salvarezza, Francesca. "Tempo, responsabilità e decisione : Friedrich Nietzsche e Emmanuel Lévinas." Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100006.
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Dans le présent travail, ce que nous avons tenté d’illustrer est d’un côté, la trajectoire que Nietzsche fait parcourir au thème de la responsabilité, jusqu’à son explosion dans le cadre de la pensée de l’éternel retour, à travers le thème crucial de la décision; où il y va autant d’une formidable aventure de la pensée, au-delà et à travers la philosophie même, que de la même structure de la volonté de puissance ou de sa radicale mise en question, une fois assumé et compris le rôle aussi bien constitutif qui appartient au pâtir par rapport à l’agir – là où est en jeu une ouverture originaire et indéfendue sur le monde, stupeur et effroi du regard, hospitalité de l’absolument autre, réduction et renoncement de Ego en faveur de Alter. Stupeur et effroi où se fonde donc le principe d’une nouvelle critique, qu’on a coutume de définir “généalogique”, car elle remonte à cet extrême de l’impérialisme du logos pour en enfreindre la présence et la valeur. De l’autre côté, et sur ce fondement, nous avons examiné l’axe surtout temporel d’une possible convergence entre la notion d’éternité présente chez Nietzsche et la notion de passé immémorial présent chez Lévinas, en examinant particulièrement chez ce dernier le thème-clé de la responsabilité par et pour Autrui, comme le domaine où la passivité de l’exposition coïncide plus originairement avec une dynamis qui est activité, ou mieux encore l’énergie d’un verbe, une “parole qui tranche”, là où est en jeu une profonde révision, mais aussi un bouleversement des fondements, sur lesquels se tient une entière tradition: ici aussi on assiste à une sorte de “déconstruction” qui investit l’ensemble des valeurs de notre “vieille Europe”. Dans le temps du Requiem aeternam Deo, il s’agit de savoir si dans la courbe entropique du nihilisme s’ouvre pour nous un écart, le temps d’un passage, capable de se diriger vers un approfondissement du temps présent, non plus seulement centré sur la primauté égologique du maintenant “nivelé”, mais qui soit plutôt ouverture au futur, donc “action” pour un monde qui vient, en comportant une révision radicale en sens extra-moral de la responsabilité, sans par conséquent comporter l’abolition en absolu de la loi. La responsabilité ainsi entendue précipite le formalisme kantien dans l’abîme d’une fracture inguérissable qui est ipso facto une issue en dehors de soi dans une responsabilité illimitée, placée en dehors de l’exigence primordiale de la morale, de la morale politico-juridique et, avant encore, religieuse-théologique. Le temps de la responsabilité ne serait plus un passage de présent en présent, mais un passage dans le présent, qui est la mise en mouvement du temps et la provocation à la pensée propre d’un autre commencement: exactement là, non ailleurs, dans un temps brisé, il y va en définitive du sens dernier de l’être-là humain corporel assigné à soi-même et à sa propre responsabilité, mais il y va tout d’abord d’une possible comparaison entre Nietzsche et Lévinas. Tous les deux parviennent à la même conclusion, même si par des voies différentes: si la responsabilité est un ethos qui ne peut plus s’enraciner dans la norme du langage dominant, celle-ci doit se mettre intégralement sous le signe de la promesse et de l’avenir, en opérant un bouleversement qui se joue dans le rapport violent de la totalité de l’Occident avec son autre. En d’autres termes, elle devra être approfondie dans un pathos qui est “affection” et la mise en cause du vivant à travers l’altérité de l’autreIn this work we have attempted to illustrate, on one hand, Nietzsche’s trajectory in navigating the theme of responsibility, leading to its widespread diffusion within the concept of eternal return, toward the critical theme of decision. This latter theme indicates a formidable venture in thought reaching beyond and through philosophy itself, even as much as the will to power’s very framework or radical line of inquiry, once a similarly constitutive role is adopted and incorporated, appertaining to suffering rather than to action. Such an enterprise sees the confrontation of several elements: an original and vulnerable new openness toward the world, met with astonishment and dismay of the gaze, the hospitality of the absolute Other, and a weakening and renunciation of Ego in favour of Alter. This astonishment and dismay form the principle basis of a new critique, usually defined as “genealogical” as it arises in the imperialistic extreme of logos to break its existence and meaning. On the other hand, using these themes as a foundation, we have examined the possible axis of convergence, primarily temporal, between Nietzsche’s notion of eternity and Levinas’s notion of immemorial past. From Levinas’s opus, we made particular examination of the cardinal theme of responsibility par e pour Autrui and how the environment in which passivity of exposure corresponds initially to a dynamis – an activity – or better yet, the energy of a verb, a “cutting speech,” embodying a profound revision and even an overturning of key principles round which an entire tradition revolves. Even here, one assists in a certain “deconstruction” which attacks all of our “old-world” values. At the time of God’s eternal rest, the question arises of whether a path will be cleared for us in the entropic curve of nihilism – a transitional period aimed at a deeper understanding of our present, no longer merely centred on the levelled, egological primacy of time, but serving above all as an opening to the future. Such a “movement” toward the approaching world would entail a revision of responsibility, radical in its extra-moral basis, thereby not requiring the complete abolition of law. Responsibility thus interpreted hurls Kantian formalism into an irreparable chasmic split: an ipso facto way outside of itself in absolute responsibility, placed beyond rudimentary demands of political-judicial ethics and religious-theological morality. Responsibility would no longer be a passage from present to present, but a passage within the present, acting as time’s very catalyst and provoking the thought of another beginning. There in a fragmented time, our awareness as entities, temporary yet in control of ourselves and of our responsibilities, is definitively put into play. So, first and foremost, is a possible confrontation between Nietzsche and Levinas. Both arrive at the same conclusion, albeit in different ways: if the ethos of responsibility can no longer be rooted in the norm of the dominant language, it must place itself fundamentally under the symbol of promise and of the future, causing an upheaval played out in the violent relationship between all of Western civilisation and its Other. That is to say, it must be deepened in a pathos of “affection” and the realisation of the human being through the “otherness” of the Other
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Gambetti, Elisa <1979>. "Presa di decisione in situazioni rischiose: effetto della rabbia." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/1009/1/Tesi_Gambetti_Elisa.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
The current studies assessed the role of trait anger and anger expression styles on
risk decision-making in adulthood, adolescence and childhood. In the first experiment
158 adults completed the STAXI-2 and an inventory consisting of a battery of
hypothetical everyday decision-making scenarios. Participants were also asked to
evaluate the perception of risk for each chosen option and some contextual
characteristics, that are familiarity and salience for each scenario. The study provides
evidence for a relationship between individual differences in the tendency to feel and
express anger and risky decisions and for mediation effects of familiarity and salience
appraisals. Moreover, results indicated that trait anger was predictive of risk
perception and they provide evidence for a positive relationship between risk
decision-making and risk perception.
In the second study, we examined the relationship between specific components of
anger (i.e., cognitive, affective and behavioural) and risk decision-making in
adolescents. 101 subjects completed specific tasks, measuring risk decision-making,
assessed using hypothetical choice scenarios, and anger, evaluated through the
STAXI-CA and the MSAI-R. Results showed that adolescents higher on hostility,
anger experience and destructive expression, make more risky decisions in everyday
life situations. Moreover, regression analyses indicated that destructive expression of
anger and hostility were predictive of adolescents’ risky decisions.
In the third experiment, 104 children completed three tasks: the STAXI-CA, the
MSAI-R and a task measuring risk decision-making in everyday situations. Subjects
were also asked to evaluate the degree of danger, benefit, fun and fear perceived for
each risky choice. Analyses indicated that: (a) risk decision-making was predicted by
both trait anger and outward expression of anger; (b) destructive expression o anger
was predictive of children’s risky decisions; (c) appraisal of danger fully mediated
the relation between trait anger and risk; (d) perceptions of benefit, scare and fun
partially mediated the relationship between trait anger and risk; and (e) appraisal of
danger partially mediated the relationship between outward expression of anger and
risk decision-making. The results provide evidence for a relationship between
dispositional anger and risk decision-making during childhood, suggesting a possible
explanation of the mechanisms below. In particular, risk decision-making can be
viewed as the output of cognitive and emotive processes, linked to dispositional anger
that leads children to be amused, optimistic and fearless in potentially risky
situations.
These findings substantiate the importance of incorporating cognitive and emotive
factors in theories that seek to explain the relationship between personality traits and
risk decision making across a broad range of age.
7
Gambetti, Elisa <1979>. "Presa di decisione in situazioni rischiose: effetto della rabbia." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/1009/.
Full textAbstract:
The current studies assessed the role of trait anger and anger expression styles on
risk decision-making in adulthood, adolescence and childhood. In the first experiment
158 adults completed the STAXI-2 and an inventory consisting of a battery of
hypothetical everyday decision-making scenarios. Participants were also asked to
evaluate the perception of risk for each chosen option and some contextual
characteristics, that are familiarity and salience for each scenario. The study provides
evidence for a relationship between individual differences in the tendency to feel and
express anger and risky decisions and for mediation effects of familiarity and salience
appraisals. Moreover, results indicated that trait anger was predictive of risk
perception and they provide evidence for a positive relationship between risk
decision-making and risk perception.
In the second study, we examined the relationship between specific components of
anger (i.e., cognitive, affective and behavioural) and risk decision-making in
adolescents. 101 subjects completed specific tasks, measuring risk decision-making,
assessed using hypothetical choice scenarios, and anger, evaluated through the
STAXI-CA and the MSAI-R. Results showed that adolescents higher on hostility,
anger experience and destructive expression, make more risky decisions in everyday
life situations. Moreover, regression analyses indicated that destructive expression of
anger and hostility were predictive of adolescents’ risky decisions.
In the third experiment, 104 children completed three tasks: the STAXI-CA, the
MSAI-R and a task measuring risk decision-making in everyday situations. Subjects
were also asked to evaluate the degree of danger, benefit, fun and fear perceived for
each risky choice. Analyses indicated that: (a) risk decision-making was predicted by
both trait anger and outward expression of anger; (b) destructive expression o anger
was predictive of children’s risky decisions; (c) appraisal of danger fully mediated
the relation between trait anger and risk; (d) perceptions of benefit, scare and fun
partially mediated the relationship between trait anger and risk; and (e) appraisal of
danger partially mediated the relationship between outward expression of anger and
risk decision-making. The results provide evidence for a relationship between
dispositional anger and risk decision-making during childhood, suggesting a possible
explanation of the mechanisms below. In particular, risk decision-making can be
viewed as the output of cognitive and emotive processes, linked to dispositional anger
that leads children to be amused, optimistic and fearless in potentially risky
situations.
These findings substantiate the importance of incorporating cognitive and emotive
factors in theories that seek to explain the relationship between personality traits and
risk decision making across a broad range of age.
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Fiorindo, Alessandra <1988>. "Il margine di contribuzione come strumento di decisione aziendale." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/1914.
Full textAbstract:
L’elaborato ha lo scopo di individuare gli strumenti idonei a supportare le decisioni aziendali. In un primo momento vengono evidenziati i limiti del rendimento unitario netto nel supportare il processo decisionale, in quanto è dato dalla differenza tra ricavo e costo pieno, il quale è caratterizzato da un elevato grado di soggettività. Partendo da tale constatazione, dunque, si ricercano delle grandezze maggiormente oggettive sulle quali basare le decisioni aziendali. Si giunge così alla determinazione del margine di contribuzione, dato dalla differenza tra ricavo e costo variabile, il quale rappresenta lo strumento migliore per effettuare le scelte di breve periodo. Nel breve termine, infatti, gli unici componenti che subiscono delle variazioni sono i costi variabili. Per le scelte di lungo periodo, invece, si utilizza il margine di contribuzione di secondo livello, il quale è calcolato sottraendo dal ricavo tutti i costi speciali, sia fissi che variabili, in quanto nel lungo termine anche i costi fissi si modificano. Poiché il margine di contribuzione rappresenta lo strumento idoneo a supportare il processo decisionale, esso deve essere calcolato anche in via anticipata e non solo a consuntivo. In tal modo, disponendo sia dei dati programmati che effettivi, è possibile effettuare il confronto tra tali valori, al fine di evidenziare eventuali scostamenti. Per un’analisi degli scostamenti completa non è sufficiente il confronto tra margine di contribuzione programmato ed effettivo, ma è necessario confrontare anche i costi preventivi con quelli consuntivi. Tale analisi segue l’analisi di bilancio, la quale, ponendo a confronto gli indicatori determinati in via anticipata con quelli calcolati sui dati effettivi, consente di valutare la situazione economica, finanziaria e patrimoniale dell’azienda. L’analisi degli scostamenti integra l’analisi di bilancio, in quanto, essendo dotata di un elevato grado di analiticità, serve per comprendere le cause di eventuali variazioni.
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SALVAREZZA, FRANCESCA. "TEMPO, RESPONSABILITA' E DECISIONE: FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE E EMMANUEL LEVINAS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/229384.
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Nel presente lavoro, ciò che abbiamo tentato di illustrare è da un lato, la traiettoria che Nietzsche fa
percorrere al tema della responsabilità, fino alla sua esplosione nell’ambito del pensiero del ritorno,
attraverso il tema cruciale della decisione; in cui ne va tanto di una formidabile avventura del
pensiero, al di là e attraverso la filosofia stessa, quanto della medesima struttura della volontà di
potenza o della sua radicale messa in questione, in quanto apertura originaria e indifesa sul mondo,
stupore e sgomento dello sguardo, ospitalità dell’assolutamente altro, depotenziamento e rinuncia di
Ego a favore di Alter; stupore e sgomento in cui s’incardina il principio di una nuova critica, che si
suole definire “genealogica”, in quanto risale in quell’estremo dell’imperialismo del logos per
infrangerne la presenza e il valore. Dall’altra, e su questo fondamento, abbiamo esaminato l’asse
soprattutto temporale di una possibile convergenza fra la nozione di eternità presente in Nietzsche e
la nozione di passato immemoriale presente in Lévinas, esaminando particolarmente in quest’ultimo
il tema cardine della responsabilità par e pour Autrui, come l’ambito in cui la passività
dell’esposizione coincide più originariamente con una dynamis che è attività, o meglio ancora
l’energia di un verbo, una “parola che taglia”, là dove in gioco è una profonda revisione, ma anche
uno sconvolgimento dei cardini su cui si regge un’intera tradizione: anche qui si assiste a una sorta
di “decostruzione” che investe l’insieme dei valori della nostra “vecchia Europa”.
Nel tempo del Requiem aeternam Deo, si tratta di sapere se nella curva entropica del nichilismo si
apra per noi un varco, il tempo di un passaggio, capace di dirigersi verso un approfondimento del
tempo presente non più soltanto centrato sul primato egologico dell’ora livellato, ma che sia
piuttosto apertura al futuro, dunque “azione” per un mondo che viene, comportando una revisione
radicale in senso extra-morale della responsabilità, senza perciò comportare l’abolizione in assoluto
della legge. La responsabilità così intesa precipita il formalismo kantiano nell’abisso di una frattura
insanabile che è ipso facto un’uscita fuori di sé in una responsabilità illimitata, posta al di fuori
dell’esigenza primordiale della morale, della morale politico-giuridica e, prima ancora, religiosoteologica.
Il tempo della responsabilità non sarebbe più un passaggio di presente in presente, ma un
passaggio dentro il presente, che è la messa in moto del tempo e la provocazione al pensiero proprio
di un altro inizio: esattamente lì, non altrove, in un tempo spezzato, ne va in definitiva del senso
ultimo dell’esserci umano corporeo assegnato a se stesso e alla propria responsabilità, ma ne va
innanzitutto di un possibile confronto fra Nietzsche e Lévinas. Entrambi giungono alla stessa
conclusione, sia pure per vie differenti: se la responsabilità è un ethos che non può più radicarsi
nella norma del linguaggio dominante, essa deve porsi integralmente sotto il segno della promessa e
dell’avvenire, operando uno sconvolgimento che si gioca nel rapporto violento della totalità
dell’Occidente con il suo altro. Dovrà cioè approfondirsi in un pathos che è “affezione” e la messa
in causa del vivente attraverso l’alterità dell’altro.In this work we have attempted to illustrate, on one hand, Nietzsche’s trajectory in navigating the theme of responsibility, leading to its widespread diffusion within the concept of eternal return, toward the critical theme of decision. This latter theme indicates a formidable venture in thought reaching beyond and through philosophy itself, even as much as the will to power’s very framework or radical line of inquiry, once a similarly constitutive role is adopted and incorporated, appertaining to suffering rather than to action. Such an enterprise sees the confrontation of several elements: an original and vulnerable new openness toward the world, met with astonishment and dismay of the gaze, the hospitality of the absolute Other, and a weakening and renunciation of Ego in favour of Alter. This astonishment and dismay form the principle basis of a new critique, usually defined as “genealogical” as it arises in the imperialistic extreme of logos to break its existence and meaning. On the other hand, using these themes as a foundation, we have examined the possible axis of convergence, primarily temporal, between Nietzsche’s notion of eternity and Levinas’s notion of immemorial past. From Levinas’s opus, we made particular examination of the cardinal theme of responsibility par e pour Autrui and how the environment in which passivity of exposure corresponds initially to a dynamis – an activity – or better yet, the energy of a verb, a “cutting speech,” embodying a profound revision and even an overturning of key principles round which an entire tradition revolves. Even here, one assists in a certain “deconstruction” which attacks all of our “old-world” values. At the time of God’s eternal rest, the question arises of whether a path will be cleared for us in the entropic curve of nihilism – a transitional period aimed at a deeper understanding of our present, no longer merely centred on the levelled, egological primacy of time, but serving above all as an opening to the future. Such a “movement” toward the approaching world would entail a revision of responsibility, radical in its extra-moral basis, thereby not requiring the complete abolition of law. Responsibility thus interpreted hurls Kantian formalism into an irreparable chasmic split: an ipso facto way outside of itself in absolute responsibility, placed beyond rudimentary demands of political-judicial ethics and religious-theological morality. Responsibility would no longer be a passage from present to present, but a passage within the present, acting as time’s very catalyst and provoking the thought of another beginning. There in a fragmented time, our awareness as entities, temporary yet in control of ourselves and of our responsibilities, is definitively put into play. So, first and foremost, is a possible confrontation between Nietzsche and Levinas. Both arrive at the same conclusion, albeit in different ways: if the ethos of responsibility can no longer be rooted in the norm of the dominant language, it must place itself fundamentally under the symbol of promise and of the future, causing an upheaval played out in the violent relationship between all of Western civilisation and its Other. That is to say, it must be deepened in a pathos of “affection” and the realisation of the human being through the “otherness” of the Other.
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PREVITI, LUIGI. "LA DECISIONE AMMINISTRATIVA AUTOMATIZZATA: PROFILI PROBLEMATICI E PROSPETTIVE FUTURE." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/824670.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this work is to analyse the most relevant issues related to the topic of the automation of administrative decisions.
This phenomenon is, indeed, the result of the process of technological development that has recently begun to affect the traditional way of understanding the organization and the action of the public authorities.
In particular, thanks to the spread of increasingly sophisticated computer systems, nowadays public administrations have the opportunity to adopt administrative acts using appropriate algorithms.
In fact, although heterogeneous in structure and functions, these tools allow public action to achieve levels of efficiency and speed difficult to achieve through the ordinary conduct of administrative procedures.
In the awareness of the significant benefits of this technological change, it is necessary to verify whether and how the use of computer programs by public entities can be considered compatible with the traditional procedural guarantees of administrative law.
With the intent to answer this question, this study aims to analyse the phenomenon of automation of decision-making process into four main parts.
The first part is dedicated to define the historical and legal framework of the process of digitalization of the public sector.
Specifically, after having pointed out the most significant legislative measures adopted in this field in recent years, the work analyzes the main issues related to the implementation of the e-Government model within our legal system.
In the light of brief terminological clarifications, the theme of automation is introduced and some interesting cases in which computer systems were used within the public procedures are examined.
The second part of the analysis focuses on the issue of the admissibility and of the field of application of algorithmic decisions.
Indeed, this topic has already been at the heart of the reflections of the most ancient doctrine, which stated that automation process was allowed only if the exercised administrative power can be considered constrained.
However, this approach was overtaken by the more recent literature, which highlighted the opportunity of extending, despite some limitations, the use of automated systems where the public power is discretionary in nature.
These are interpretative guidelines which seem to have also influenced the judgements of the administrative jurisprudence, which over time showed a more open attitude towards the use of algorithms in administrative procedures.
The third part of the work focuses on the possibility of reconciling the main procedural guarantees provided by the Italian law on administrative procedure with the structural and functional peculiarities that characterize the phenomenon of automation.
This analysis is carried out, in particular, by examining whether and in what terms the use of algorithms can be considered compatible with three fundamental principles related to the action of the public authorities: the principle of transparency of administrative decisions; the principle of motivation of administrative acts; the principle of private participation within administrative proceedings.
Each topic is analyzed by examining both the evolution of the doctrinal debate and the interpretative solutions proposed in the case law, where for the first time the legal conditions that must guide any attempt to adopt administrative acts using computer software were defined.
Finally, the last part of the study deals with the role and the responsibility of the public administrations in the automated decision-making process.
Within this session, in particular, it is analyzed how the most relevant doctrinal and jurisprudential positions managed to state the direct accountability of public bodies for the effects deriving from the adoption of automated administrative acts.
In the light of the framework carried out, some final considerations are formulated regarding the current needs to regulate the phenomenon within the public sector.
Books on the topic "Decisione"
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Rumiati, Rino. Giudizio e decisione: Teorie e applicazioni della psicologia della decisione. Bologna: Società editrice Il Mulino, 1990.
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Masi, Felice. Emergenza, rischio e decisione: Modelli della decisione sull'emergenza ecologica e bioetica. Napoli: Guida, 2004.
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Racinaro, Roberto. Esperienza, decisione, giustizia politica. Milano: FrancoAngeli, 1997.
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Racinaro, Roberto. Esperienza, decisione, giustizia politica. Milano: F. Angeli, 1997.
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Corradini, Antonella. Semantica della preferenza e decisione etica. Milano, Italy: FrancoAngeli, 1989.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Decisione"
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Misuraca, R., F. A. Carmeci, and G. Pravettoni. "Il carico cognitivo della decisione d’acquisto." In Scegliere, comprare, 81–95. Milano: Springer Milan, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1374-2_4.
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Bosisio, Marco, and Claudia Borreani. "Aspetti psicologici nella decisione clinica iniziale condivisa." In Tumori della testa e del collo, 259–66. Milano: Springer Milan, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1806-8_19.
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MacCrimmon, Kenneth R. "Decision Theory and Real Decisions:." In Uncertain Decisions, 263–91. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5083-9_12.
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Chikalov, Igor, and Beata Zielosko. "Decision Rules for Decision Tables with Many-Valued Decisions." In Rough Sets and Knowledge Technology, 763–68. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-24425-4_95.
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Grąbczewski, Krzysztof. "Validated Decision Trees versus Collective Decisions." In Computational Collective Intelligence. Technologies and Applications, 342–51. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23938-0_35.
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Gordon, Theodore J., and Mariana Todorova. "Decision Making: The Talent for Decisions." In Future Studies and Counterfactual Analysis, 91–106. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18437-7_8.
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Bouhalouan, Djamila, Mohammed Frendi, Abdelkader Ould-Mahraz, and Abdelkader Adla. "Sorting Decisions in Group Decision Making." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 896–905. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11928-7_81.
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Welch, John R. "Real-Life Decisions and Decision Theory." In Handbook of Risk Theory, 545–73. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1433-5_21.
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Moshkov, Mikhail, and Beata Zielosko. "Decision Tables with Many-Valued Decisions." In Combinatorial Machine Learning, 69–86. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20995-6_5.
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Ranta, Ronald. "Introduction." In Political Decision Making and Non-Decisions, 1–15. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137447999_1.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Decisione"
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Baby, Mathew, and Anand Balu Nellippallil. "An Information-Decision Framework to Support Cooperative Decision Making in the Top-Down Design of Cyber-Physical-Manufacturing Systems." In ASME 2022 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2022-90836.
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Abstract Decision-making in the design of cyber-physical manufacturing (CPM) systems is complex due to many decisional entities and their complex interactions that need to be appropriately modeled and analyzed. One approach to designing these systems is the goal-oriented inverse design (GoID), using which satisficing design solutions are sought in a top-down manner. In this approach, entity decisions are directed towards meeting the goals propagated inversely from the subsequent entity in the manufacturing sequence. However, achieving the goals in a top-down manner may not be feasible for certain scenarios due to the defined constraints, available bounds, and targets for an entity. This leads to design conflicts between the entities and loss in entity and overall system-level performances. In this paper, we propose an information-decision framework that allows designers to model entity decision-making in a goal-directed manner, detect potential conflicts between entities, and regulate entity-level decisions to achieve improved entity and system-level performances. The regulation of entity decisions is accomplished by modifying active design variable bounds (considering the sensitivity of the goals to design variables), active constraint limits, or both jointly. The efficacy of the proposed framework is tested using a hot rod rolling problem involving sequential decisions. Using the problem, we showcase the use of the framework in detecting and systematically managing conflicts while designing the material, product, and manufacturing processes involved. The framework is generic, facilitates the top-down sequential design of interacting entities, and promotes cooperative design decision-making to manage design conflicts.
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Berkhout, Matthijs, and Koen Smit. "Utilizing Algorithms for Decision Mining Discovery." In Digital Restructuring and Human (Re)action. University of Maribor Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/um.fov.4.2022.21.
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Organizations are executing operational decisions in fast changing environments, which increases the necessity for managing these decisions adequately. Information systems store information about such decisions in decision- and event logs that could be used for analyzing decisions. This study aims to find relevant algorithms that could be used to mine decisions from such decision- and event logs, which is called decision mining. By conducting a literature review, together with interviews conducted with experts with a scientific background as well as participants with a commercial background, relevant classifier algorithms and requirements for mining decisions are identified and mapped to find algorithms that could be used for the discovery of decisions. Five of the twelve algorithms identified have a lot of potential to use for decision mining, with small adaptations, while six out of the twelve do have potential but the required adaptation would demand too many alterations to their core design. One of the twelve was not suitable for the discovery of decisions.
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Öztopçu, Aslı. "The Role of Emotions in Economic Decision Making." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c11.02259.
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Decision making points out to the consequences of past or future behaviors. An individual has to make decisions on all subjects throughout his life. An important part of these decisions are economic decisions. Individuals make decisions such as renting, buying, buying new goods, migrating, changing jobs, making investments, enterprise, choosing holidays, evaluating savings. Non-rational decisions are observed although individuals should make rational decision, according to mainstream economics.
In this study, the effects of the emotions that form the basis of psychology, such as time, option constraint, opportunities, risk taking, risk aversion, procrastination, rush, or uncertainty, inconsistency, intuitive movement, cognitive error in the decision-making process of individuals are discussed. For this purpose, the characteristics of decision-making process, individual effects of cognitive of emotions, individual decision making theorems in economic theory and behavioral economics literature are mentioned. It is thought that the role of emotions that shape behaviors should be known in the regulation of economic life that is determined according to human behavior.
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Lipicnik, Bogdan. "Knowledge and Decision Making - Do We Want What We Need?" In 2002 Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2525.
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Knowledge is a category that includes many past decisions. They could be good for the past but it is a question if they can work in the future. We can talk about programmed and non-programmed decisions. When a predetermined situation triggers a predetermined response we can talk about a programmed decision. If one wants to make a non-programmed decision he/she must search for information, identify the problem, evaluate possible alternatives, and act. If the process is more complicated, programmed decision will be more effective. Our research has revealed that future managers in Slovenia possess knowledge that involves more programmed that non-programmed decisions. This may indicate that they will have a lot of difficulties with decision making in complicated organisational systems. However, they cannot learn how to take decisions (even if they want to) because they do not know what they actually need. If they are successful at non-programmed decisions they want more knowledge from the same area; in fact they would need more knowledge about programmed decisions - and vice versa.
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Hassanien, Sherif, Doug Langer, and Mona Abdolrazaghi. "Integrity Risk-Informed Decision Making." In 2018 12th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2018-78149.
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Over the last three decades, safety-critical industries (e.g. Nuclear, Aviation) have witnessed an evolution from risk-based to risk-informed safety management approaches, in which quantitative risk assessment is only one component of the decision making process. While the oil and gas pipeline industry has recently made several advancements towards safety management processes, their safety performance may still be seen to fall below the expected level achieved by other safety-critical industries. The intent of this paper is to focus on the safety decision making process within pipeline integrity management systems. Pipeline integrity rules, routines, and procedures are commonly based on regulatory requirements, industry best practices, and engineering experience; where they form “programmed” decisions. Non-programmed safety and business decisions are unique and “usually” unstructured, where solutions are worked out as problems arise. Non-programmed decision making requires more activities towards defining decision alternatives and mutual adjustment by stakeholders in order to reach an optimal decision. Theoretically, operators are expected to be at a maturity level where programmed decisions are ready for most, if not all, of their operational problems. However, such expectations might only cover certain types of threats and integrity situations. Herein, a formal framework for non-programmed integrity decisions is introduced. Two common decision making frameworks; namely, risk-based and risk-informed are briefly discussed. In addition, the paper reviews the recent advances in nuclear industry in terms of decision making, introduces a combined technical and management decision making process called integrity risk-informed decision making (IRIDM), and presents a guideline for making integrity decisions.
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Sissoko, Timothé M., Marija Jankovic, Christiaan J. J. Paredis, and Eric Landel. "An Empirical Study of a Decision-Making Process Supported by Simulation in the Automotive Industry." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-86406.
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The design process can be considered as series of decisions supported by modeling and simulation (M&S). Current developments aim at supporting this decision making with regard to increasing resources committed in the M&S process. To understand possible decision support, we conducted an empirical study in a car manufacturing company to map out the decision-making process during the development phase. A qualitative data analysis was performed to understand the difficulties and the needs expressed by decision makers. Industrial preliminary observations have shown that decisions regarding design issues are often postponed, causing iterations, and time and cost overruns in the development process. The study revealed that decisions are escalated to upper hierarchical levels as complexity and uncertainty increase and as the tradeoffs become impactful. A lack of knowledge about the M&S performance and limits, a lack of clarity due to design ambiguity, and uncertainty are more likely to cause iterations and delay. In addition, decision makers and stakeholders are sometimes unadvised of the influence of the decision under consideration on subsequent decisions and on the profit. These findings are interesting as they shed light in terms of decision supported needed in the future.
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Pandey, Vijitashwa, and Zissimos P. Mourelatos. "A New Method for Design Decisions Using Decision Topologies." In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-12360.
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This paper shows how reliability block diagrams can be used as a decision making tool. The premise behind the idea is that classical decision analysis while very powerful, does not provide tractability in assessing utility functions and their use in making decisions. Our recent work has shown that visual representation of systems using a reliability block diagram can be used to describe a decision situation. In decision making, we called these block diagrams decision topologies. We show that decision topologies can be used to make many engineering decisions and can replace decision analysis for most decisions. The paper proves that at the limit, using decision topologies is entirely consistent with decision analysis for both single attribute and multiattribute cases. The main advantages of the proposed method are that (1) it provides a visual representation of a decision situation, (2) it can easily model tradeoffs, (3) it allows binary attributes, (4) it can be used when limited information is available, and (5) it can be used in a low-fidelity sense to quickly make a decision. The paper details the theoretical basis of the proposed method and highlights its benefits. An example is used to demonstrate how decision topologies can be used in practice.
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Pandey, Vijitashwa, and Deborah Thurston. "Metric for Disassembly and Reuse Decisions: Formulation and Validation." In ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-49878.
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Design for disassembly and reuse focuses on developing methods to minimize difficulty in disassembly for maintenance or reuse. These methods can gain substantially if the relationship between component attributes (material mix, ease of disassembly etc.) and their likelihood of reuse or disposal is understood. For products already in the marketplace, a feedback approach that evaluates willingness of manufacturers or customers (decision makers) to reuse a component can reveal how attributes of a component affect reuse decisions. This paper introduces some metrics and combines them with ones proposed in literature into a measure that captures the overall value of a decision made by the decision makers. The premise is that the decision makers would choose a decision that has the maximum value. Four decisions are considered regarding a component’s fate after recovery ranging from direct reuse to disposal. A method on the lines of discrete choice theory is utilized that uses maximum likelihood estimates to determine the parameters that define the value function. The maximum likelihood method can take inputs from actual decisions made by the decision makers to assess the value function. This function can be used to determine the likelihood that the component takes a certain path (one of the four decisions), taking as input its attributes, which can facilitate long range planning and also help determine ways reuse decisions can be influenced.
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Gu, Xiaoyu, John E. Renaud, Leah M. Ashe, Stephen M. Batill, Amarjit S. Budhiraja, and Lee J. Krajewski. "Decision-Based Collaborative Optimization Under Uncertainty." In ASME 2000 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2000/dac-14297.
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Abstract In this research a Collaborative Optimization (CO) approach for multidisciplinary systems design is used to develop a decision based design framework for non-deterministic optimization. To date CO strategies have been developed for use in application to deterministic systems design problems. In this research the decision based design (DBD) framework proposed by Hazelrigg (1996a, 1998) is modified for use in a collaborative optimization framework. The Hazelrigg framework as originally proposed provides a single level optimization strategy that combines engineering decisions with business decisions in a single level optimization. By transforming the Hazelrigg framework for use in collaborative optimization one can decompose the business and engineering decision making processes. In the new multilevel framework of Decision Based Collaborative Optimization (DBCO) the business decisions are made at the system level. These business decisions result in a set of engineering performance targets that disciplinary engineering design teams seek to satisfy as part of subspace optimizations. The Decision Based Collaborative Optimization framework more accurately models the existing relationship between business and engineering in multidisciplinary systems design.
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Ullman, David G., and Bruce D’Ambrosio. "A Taxonomy for Classifying Engineering Decision Problems and Support Systems." In ASME 1995 Design Engineering Technical Conferences collocated with the ASME 1995 15th International Computers in Engineering Conference and the ASME 1995 9th Annual Engineering Database Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1995-0197.
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Abstract The design of even the simplest product requires thousands of decisions. Yet very few of these decisions are supported with methods on paper or on computers. Is this because engineering design decisions don’t need support or is it because techniques have yet to be developed that are usable on a wide basis? In considering this question a wide range of decision problem characteristics need to be addressed. In engineering design some decisions are made by individuals, others by teams — some are about the product and others about the processes that support the product — some are based on complete, consistent, quantitative data and others on sparse, conflicting, qualitative discussions. In order to address the reasons why so little support is used and the characteristics of potentially useful decision support tools, a taxonomy of decision characteristics is proposed.1 This taxonomy is used to classify current techniques and to define the requirements for an ideal engineering design decision support system.
Reports on the topic "Decisione"
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Marr, John J. The Military Decision Making Process: Making Better Decisions Versus Making Decisions Better. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada392009.
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Jung, Kooyul, Yong-Cheol Kim, and Rene Stulz. Investment Opportunities, Managerial Decisions, and the Security Issue Decision. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w4907.
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Klimack, William K., Christopher B. Bassham, Kenneth W. Bauer, and Jr. Application of Decision Analysis to Automatic Target Recognition Programmatic Decisions. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada401738.
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Hardie, T. Alternative Decision Making Processes for Consensus-Blocked Decisions in the IETF. RFC Editor, October 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc3929.
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Givens, Corey A. Strategic and Operational Decision-Making: Does Military Weakness Affect Decisions Made? Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada545824.
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Bohn, M. P. Decision making under uncertainty: An investigation into the application of formal decision-making methods to safety issue decisions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6771818.
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Dewulf, Art R. P. J. Taking meaningful decisions : sensemaking and decision-making in water and climate governance. Wageningen: Wageningen University & Research, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/471091.
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