Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Déclaration de'
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Baruchel, Isabelle. "Silence, aveu, déclaration, ou les trois termes d'une écriture de l'amour : la déclaration d'amour et l'écriture romanesque dans la tradition française." Paris 7, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA070045.
Full textThe declaration of love is, from the linguistic point of view, the statement, and, from the literary point of view, the part of a text, which serves to analyse the novel's fiction mechanism. The study of three works : Mme de La Fayette's la Princesse de Clèves, Balzac's le Lys dans la vallée, Marguerite Duras's l'amant, shows an incompatibility between the declaration of love, which is essentially performative, and the narrative means of representation which characterizes the french tradition. In fact, studying the declaration of love in novels is tantamount to studying the writing of novels itself. The analysis of these three works will, it is hoped, help to explain what is specifically literary in the novel - in other words, the concept of utterance, which cannot be separated from that of writing to or for someone
Xilakis, Eleni. "La Déclaration de 1789 en Grande-Bretagne (1789-1795)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010542/document.
Full textTrace the famous British debate on the French Revolution, to explore the meaning and analize the text of the Declaration of Human Rights 89, to show the different meanings that this text can take. Could the British look broaden our vision of French affairs, far from revolutionary whirlwind in which the declaration text becomes the sacred emblem of freedom and equality ? This is the challenge that we have tried to meet to discuss from different angles and thus reveal its plasticity. Because, although the scope of the Declaration seems indisputable, its content is subject to various interpretations. It is this ambiguity that is highlighted.Our protagonists are Richard Price, who provoked the rage of Edmund Burke ; in this violent discussion of principles and politics, we chose the defendants French affairs most relevant, namely Mary Wollstonecraft, Thomas Paine, James Mackintosh and Jeremy Bentham. We are identified the arguments from their political discourse, particularly around the Revolution, as reactivation as the social contract. Through this study, it is clear that the text itself founder of a new political era in France, may adopt different faces, depending on its observer.Indeed, the text of the Declaration of 89 is at once the subject of a dispute. And finally, it appears that this same plasticity of its text helped her transhistoricity and confirmed its universality to the present day – a universality, therefore, congenitally issue
Monfroy, Virginie. "La pensée arabe anti-sioniste avant la déclaration Balfour." Paris 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA030033.
Full textThe 1897 first congress of bale constitue the base for the beginning of arab reaction to zionism; this reaction can be discrebed througt different fields : the human aspect forward the jewish calamity in europe during this period; the politic aspect, with the role of zionists in the local politic (their play in the different governments of the ottoman empire, since abd al-hamid ii to the young turcs governemnt) and in the international politic; the economic aspect with the benefits and the damages of zionism in palestine. Afterwards, the historic and religious study of the rightness of jews in palestine lead to a reflexion about the so arab than jew nationalism. A arabo-zionist arrangement couldn't be conceivable, the arabs will begin a resistance of different forms, particularly towards a moral, religious and technical education and a political resistance
Filipiak, François. "Essai de démythification de la Déclaration universelle des droits de l'homme." Rouen, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1990ROUEL116.
Full textThe Universal Declaration of the 10th december 1948 had to be the subject of a demythification, in order to denounce the sophistic character of its philosophical basis: the rationalism. Rationalism lays down four principles: the necessity to see in everyone a personnal and a rational dimention of mankind; the denial of social obstacles in the universal declaration application; the necessity of a state's mediation and the moral necessity to establish a new order. Human rights institutionnalisation lead to a totalitarian regime. Giving up the humanistic thought becomes necessary; the "post humanistic" purpose is to protect man from himself and politics
Sanchez, Beatrice. "Déclarations politiques et déclaration de candidature : performance et performativité des textes et des images médiatiques dans le contexte des élections présidentielles de la Vème République." Thesis, Paris 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA020015.
Full textThis text considers media-covered political declarations in the light of speech act theory and performativity by using the following questions as a starting point: Is it possible to do things with words? Can we, in the sense of John Austin, perform an action thanks to language? The thesis addresses different situations of political declarations in order to inquire into political statements, as well as the images the media associate to them, from the perspective of the pragmatics of languages and semiology. The work first focuses on declarations from everyday life (declaration of poverty, artistic endeavours) before moving on to a thorough analysis of political declarations during the French Fifth Republic. It is thus revealed that, in order to do, a political declaration cannot be considered as isolated but should be heard and understood in accordance with the context that surrounds its utterance. It depends on languages, rituals, cultural references and on the media. Indeed, the latter both host and allow the declaration broad reception by the public. By itself, a political declaration is empty and its language cannot perform. It is therefore an object which exists as part of a web of connections
Gambaraza, Marc. "Le statut juridique de la Déclaration universelle des droits de l’Homme." Thesis, Paris 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA020073/document.
Full textThe legal status of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which was subject to controversy at the time it was adopted, has evolved since then. At the international level, the Universal Declaration has become part of the United Nations legal corpus and has been recognized as a binding instrument by publicists and judicial and quasi-judicial bodies. At the national level, it has been incorporated into many domestic legal systems following dynamics related to four trans-regional areas (Common Law, Latin America, Europe and Africa). This double evolution has changed the intrinsic status of the UDHR, which is now part of the non-conventional sources of mandatory law, though some legal systems deny its binding force. Its applicability is therefore based on the formulation of the rights it contains
Susana, Valérie. "Droits de l'homme et communicabilité : étude textologique de la Déclaration universelle." Paris 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA030130.
Full textChaubet, Stéphanie. "La déclaration d'irresponsabilité pénale pour trouble mental au stade de l'instruction." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON10045/document.
Full textLike many other laws passed in criminal matters, law n° 2008-174, dated 25 february 2000, relating to security detention and criminal irresponsibility due to mental disorders, was adopted in response to the deep emotion of the public opinion generated by the media coverage of tragic events.This law has two main components : the first focuses on "security detention" for criminals with severe personality disorders, cause of a "particularly dangerous nature" ; the second part entitled "declaration of irresponsibility due to mental disorders" interested persons found not criminally responsible in application of article 122-1 § 1 of the Penal Code. While the second part of the 2008 law had a lesser media coverage than the first one, he raised and still raises heated debates. Composed of several dispositions inspired by various works related to the question of criminal responsibility due to mental disorders, that led to the formulation of sometimes surprising recommendations, the second part of the 2008 law was strongly criticized. Some of these dispositions, however, were unanimously approved. After five years of application, what conclusions should be drawn ? During the investigation phase, the results are somewhat mixed. It seems that some of the changes that were made on the occasion of the 2008 law have an uncontestable utility, but, others, however, are insufficient or unnecessary
Chaouche, Sabine. "L'actio dramatique dans l'ancien théâtre français (1629-1680) [déclaration et gestuelle du comédien]." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040031.
Full textPariente, Dillon. "Estimation, modélisation et langage de déclaration et de manipulation de champs spatiaux continus." Lyon, INSA, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ISAL0107.
Full textGeographical continuous fields are usually modelled by rneans of sample points or zone attributes sets, which leads to discontinuities in attribute values, or homogeities not corresponding to reality. The solution is to interpolate and to extrapolate from known values, with some constraints upon the estimation. Then, we propose a new estimation method based on finite difference method results, and the Hopfield neural network. An object-oriented rnodel permits to take into account the constraints upon the estimation. A new abstract data type is defined for typing of attributes deriving frorn continuous fields. Finally, a new language is specified, for the declaration and the manipulation of continuous fields and information necessary to estimate these fields
Djemili, Sam. "Notification spontanée des effets indésirables des médicaments : bilan d'une année d'activité du centre de pharmacovigilance de Saint-Etienne." Saint-Etienne, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990STET6221.
Full textGraille, Marie-Christine. "La déclaration des dermatoses professionnelles : devenir de 285 certificats initiaux et conséquences sur l'emploi." Saint-Etienne, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995STET6417.
Full textGruszka, Denis. "La byssinose : les difficultés de la déclaration et de la reconnaissance d'une maladie professionnelle respiratoire." Nancy 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991NAN11115.
Full textDufourcq-Brana, Maya. "L'influence d’une déclaration de liberté sur l’efficacité du pied-dans-la-porte et de l’amorçage." Lorient, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LORIS100.
Full textLa technique du pied-dans-la-porte (freedman et fraser, 1966) consiste à proposer au sujet une requête préparatoire peu couteuse, afin d’augmenter la probabilité qu’il effectue un acte plus couteux. Le principe de l’amorçage (Cialdini, Cacioppo, Basset et Miller, 1978) revient à cacher certains inconvénients ou à mettre en avant des avantages fictifs, pour inciter un individu à réaliser un acte. Les effets de ces deux techniques peuvent être interprètés en termes d’auto-perception (Bem, 1965), mais aussi par la théorie de l’engagement (Kiesler, 1971). Plusieurs facteurs permettent d’augmenter l’engagement du sujet, le plus important étant le sentiment d’agir librement. Les travaux de la littérature n’ont cependant évalué que l’effet d’une diminution du sentiment de liberté. Le pied-dans-la-porte et l’amorçage sont alors inefficaces. L’objectif principal de cette thèse est de tester l’effet de l’accentuation du sentiment de liberté du sujet sur l’efficacité des techniques. Notre étude montre qu’une déclaration de liberté formulée dans la premiere requête du pied-dans-la-porte ou de l’amorçage augmente le taux de réalisation de l’acte attendu, par rapport aux simples procédures. Ces résultats sont interprètés en termes d’engagement et d’auto-perception. De plus, chacune des techniques est plus efficace lorsqu’une déclaration de liberté est formulée lors de la requête cible. Dans ce cas, le pied-dans-la-porte et l’amorçage seraient optimisés par la technique du « vous êtes libre de… » (Gueguen et Pascual, 2000). Par ailleurs, l’influence de la déclaration de liberté sur l’efficacité du pied-dans-la-porte dépend du délai séparant les deux requêtes
Pélissier, Anne. "La déclaration d'indépendance de Chypre du nord et les perspectives de règlement du conflit chypriote." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1993STR30003.
Full textComposed of two ethnical groups (greek and turkish) the Cypriot state which acceeded to independence in 1960, has been under the geostrategical influence of Ankara since turkey's military interventions in 1974. The case of the 1983 North Cyprus's secession involves and brings into conflict fundamental principles of public international law ; it reveals their inadequacy to the specific context (selfdetermination and territorial integrity of states - criteria of statehood and state recognition - legality and effectiveness - consequences on the international level of the recognition of the Republic of Cyprus as sole representative of the whole island - economic and or political independence and sovereignty - border and demarcation line - concept of divided state. . . ). The legal qualification of the "Turkish republic of Northern Cyprus" and of the situation created by its proclamation gives also rise to questions on the future prospects of the settlement of the cyprus conflict. Mutual distrust is very much the key in a conflict aggravated by third states. Great attention must also be given to the capacity of international organizations to promote a settlement. All options proposed, the interpretation given by the greek and turkish parties, reveal an "à la carte" translation of the concept of federalism. The evolution of the international situation which features conflicting trends, might influence the outcome of the intercommunal talks either way
Rousselot, Philippe. "Les frontières septentrionale et orientale du centre africain français : destin d'une déclaration franco-anglaise, 1899-1935." Aix-Marseille 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX10010.
Full textRihm, Isabelle. "L'erreur dans la déclaration de volonté : contribution à l'étude du régime de l'erreur en droit français." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STR30019.
Full textThe legal will is a will that is likely to generate law consequences. Il exists only If two differents parts are present : a psycological part, which is the inside will , a material part, which Is the declaration of this will. A divergence can occur between these two parts. If this divergence is unintentional, then it produces a mistake in the will declaration. In our legal system, where the obligation is based on the consent of the part which is under an obligation, the inside will gets the better of the declared will. The errans is not bound by a mistake in his will declaration, and he has the possibility ta insist upon his mistake in order to obtain the invalidity of the contract. The doctrine dwells also on the necessity to protect the other part of the contract, who could have rightfully believe in the exactitude of the will declaration. Two methods are possible ta bring this protection. The first one consists in acting before the invalidity of the contract, in restricting the possibilities for the errans to obtain the invalidity of the contract. The other one consists in acting after the invalidity, in using the rules of the civil liabillty. The point is to oblige the errans to make arnends to the other part for the prejudice of believe in the exactitude of the will declaration, and consequently in the validity of the contract. The first method tends to refuse the invalidity of the contract based on the fact that the errans made a fault or that the other part wasn't able to determine that there was a mistake. In fact, that is a confusion between the notion of invalidity and the notion of liability. The second method is preferable, as it allows to respect the requirement of law restoration and the need of protection for the other part of the contract. Rather than forbid the errans ta obtain the invalidity of the contract, it is better ta oblige him ta make amends to the other part. This way allows to ensure both the principle of the primacy of the inside will upon the declared will and the need of protection for the other part of the contract, who could have rightfully believe in the exactitude of the will declaration
Maurel, Jean. "Apport des registres de cancer à l'évaluation des pratiques de soins en cancérologie : à propos du cancer colorectal." Caen, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997CAEN3097.
Full textGillet, Isabelle. "L'impact des variables dispositionnelles et de la déclaration de liberté sur les résultats d'une activité de formation." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00685039.
Full textBeaulieu-Prévost, Dominic. "Analyse de validité de la déclaration (SVA), mensonge et faux souvenirs, validité et efficacité chez les adultes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ60609.pdf.
Full textChellaf, Aziz. "Le traitement spécial et différencié dans les accords du GATT/OMC : l'apport de la déclaration de Doha." Thesis, Tours, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOUR1005.
Full textThe Declaration of the fourth world trade Organization Ministerial Conference set itself the goal of making special and differential treatment more precise, effective and operational. The keynote of the conference being development, the Doha Declaration marked a return to including special and differential treatment in trade negotiations after the results of the Uruguay Round had reduced it to mere transitional provisions. The new impetus given to special and differential treatment was striking in several respects : access to markets, access to medicines, technical assistance, etc. This interest in the issues of developing countries came at a time when they were very active within the Geneva institution. Through the use of the dispute settlement mechanism or the various coalitions in the institution, developing countries became aware of the benefits which could be gained by fully participating in the WTO process
Khoshaba, Philippe. "De Mar Babaï le Grand à Mar Denkha IV : la Déclaration christologique commune assyro-catholique de 1994." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAK005.
Full textThe Common Christological Declaration signed in Rome in 1994 between the Catholic Church and the Assyrian Church testifies to a genuine desire for a return to the common faith between the two Churches. It puts an end to a separation dating from the 5th century, due to the Christological quarrels between the two patriarchs Nestorius and Cyril of Alexandria.The Church of the East has always had a double isolation: one geographical, political and cultural since it was formerly outside the borders of the Roman Empire, and the other dogmatic and ecclesiological due to its defense of ecumenical masters condemned such as Nestorius and Theodore de Mopsueste. It exploits the anthropological terms kyana (nature), qnoma and parsopa (person), of the Syriac language, at the basis of the controversies and misunderstandings on the one person in Christ. In this debate, the role of Mar Baba the Great in the seventh century is crucial, for in his book Liber de Unione he gives a precise definition of these terms and systematizes Syro-Oriental theology. He is at the origin of the Christological confession: two natures, two qnome in one person. The Christological Declaration of 1994 reveals to the world what unites the two Churches: the person of Christ. It is the result of a concerted effort by the Pontifical Council for the Promotion of the Unity of Christians and the Church of the East. The desire of Mar Denkha IV to sign achristological agreement with Rome met that of André de Halleux on the Catholic side and Mar Bawai Soro on the Assyrian side. The Assyro-Catholic Joint Committee continued this task with a view to unity, from 1995 to 2004, supported by the "Pro Oriente" Foundation. In 2005, the dialogue was suspended with the refusal of the Assyrians to sign the agreement on the sacraments. The year 2007, aims at resuming the dialogue between the two parties
Vermeren, Patrice. "De la Déclaration des droits de l'homme et du citoyen comme résumé de toute la· science politique." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú - Departamento de Humanidades, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113213.
Full textMahjoub, Mrad Yousser. "La politique britannique en Palestine : prélude et naissance d'une crise, 1917-1929." Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040132.
Full textBosc, Yannick. "Le conflit des libertés : Thomas Paine et le débat sur la déclaration et la constitution de l'an III." Aix-Marseille 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX10023.
Full textLimbach, Francis. "Le consentement contractuel à l'épreuve des conditions générales des contrats : de l'utilité du concept de la déclaration de volonté." Toulouse 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU10019.
Full textNeither French legal literature nor case law deduce the criteria of the inclusion of standard terms into contracts from the traditional principles of mutual assent, but from special, often pragmatic considerations of unclear delimitations. However, it is unnecessary to revert to these new concepts if the mutual assent is analysed as an interaction of two or more declarations of intent. Therefore, in order for standard or other clauses to be considered part of the agreement, they must themselves be included into both the intent and the declaration of their author as well as into the intent and the declaration of other part. Any non-observance of this fundamental principle -without being necessary to distinguish between individual or standard term contracts- is to be qualified as a disturbance of the mechanism of the parties'mutual assent, leading to consequences which depend from the concerned type of disturbance
Mayeres-Rebernik, Agathe. "Le Saint-Siège face à la « question de Palestine », de la déclaration Balfour à la création de l’état d’Israël." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040053.
Full textThe object of this research is to define the policy of the Holy See faced with the “Palestinian Question” during the period dating from the Balfour Declaration (1917) to the creation of the State of Israel (1948). At the precise moment in history when the British received a mandate from the League of Nations placing Palestine under their tutelage, the “rebirth” of Israel posed a dual problem for the Catholic Church. On the political front, the pressures imposed by Arab diplomats and the powerful voice of the Congregation of Eastern Churches prevented any talk of creating a Jewish state, the Vatican's stance being that Christian Arabs should not pay the price for this. On the theological front, the return of the Jewish people to the Promised Land posed a new question for the Church. Did not this return prove that the relationship between God and the people of Israel was still valid ? If Israel remained the chosen people what would be the justification for the Church? If Christianity is essentially universal this does not disassociate it from its history, especially that of the people of Israel "of whom as concerning the flesh Christ came " (Rm 9: 3-5) It is therefore important to understand the particular overlap of politics and religion in this troubled region of the world which is the Middle East
Ratto, Françoise. "La transmission des déclarations de maladies professionnelles au médecin-inspecteur du travail peut-elle avoir un intérêt ?" Bordeaux 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR23086.
Full textFortin-Lauzier, Catherine. "Sélectionner des gens de valeurs? Représentations et frontières nationales dans la Déclaration sur les valeurs communes de la société québécoise." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30835.
Full textGoutman, Nadejda. "La Russie et l'OTAN : de l'Acte fondateur à la Déclaration de Rome sur "une qualité nouvelle" de relations (1997-2002)." Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040168.
Full textThe dissertation is devoted to the evolution of new partnership and cooperation based relations between Russia and NATO since 1997, the year when the basis of their “particular” relationship has been laid. The research shows that after the end of the cold war, one of the first priorites of the european and international politics was to find a strategy of constructive iInteraction, in particular, in the area of security, between the west and the new Russia, embarked on the way of democratic transition. Since the formation of nato-russia relations is still in its making, the analysis of politico-strategic and politico-military aspects of their undulant interaction since 1997 lets, on the one hand, define the key constraining factors preventing the parties from implementing the political will towards building a stable and lasting partnership based on the principles stated in the nato-Russia founding act of 1997. On the other hand, it’s a question of identifying the key stimulants helping Russia and NATO member governments maintain an all-in-all positive vector of interaction, despite the Kosovo crisis of 1999 and the many other major conflicts and divergencies dividing the parties during the covered period (1997-2002)
Anselme, Isabelle. "L'invocation de la déclaration des droits de l'homme et de la constitution dans les débats de l'Assemblée législative (1791-1792)." Aix-Marseille 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX32035.
Full textBy means of significant examples, the present study highlights the uneven achievement of the invocation of the Constitution of 1791 based on the Declaration of the Human Rights and of the Citizen had been implemented within the Parliament debates. This analysis emphasizes the significant effects as for the invocation of these constitutional measures in the normative creation. This invocation showed its limitations in times of crisis. The Declaration of 1789 and the Constitution have repeatedly been used. The main domains in which they have been referred to, are the principle of the separation of powers, the rights and liberties (the liberties, equality and the right of possession). The members of the Assembly have initiated a new civil legislation based on this Constitution. The disappearing of the traditional paternal will, the secularisation of the Civil State, the distinction between religious and civil marriage, all are measures that show this novelty. The modernity of the very text of the Constitution and its application is noticeable in many respects: raising the Declaration to the rank of positive legal rules, planning the new legal system as a hierarchical system at the top of which is the Declaration of the Human Rights and the Constitution. The work of the members of the “Legislative” marks a turning point in the way to lay down the law
Pretelli, Ilaria. "La protection du droit de gage général en droit international privé : l'action oblique, l'action paulienne et l'action en déclaration de simulation." Paris 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA020014.
Full textGazagne-Jammes, Valentin. "Les actes nuisibles à la vie en société : étude sur les incivilités à partir de l'article 5 de la Déclaration de 1789." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU10034.
Full textThe goal of this thesis is to depict the act is detrimental to life in society. This work is therefore based on the following assumption: in the silence of law, society is a self-regulated space, where both minimal and reciprocal demand of civility –wich regulate interpersonal relations– may be found and developped. These demands, wich are the doing of society, allow for individuals who are part of the social body to live together in public spaces. On the contrary, the act detrimental to life in society prevents good cohabitation by repeatedly breaking demands of civility. Therefore, the consensus that had arisen paves the wayfor dissensus, in turn creating a dysfunction in society, without disrupting either the material or the exterior public order. As a result, the State finds itself in an ambivalent situation: it either intervenes in order to regulate social disturbances, at the risk of losing social cohesion. This pattern can be transposed into contemporary French positive law. Faced with an increase in uncivil acts, the French State had to penalize some behaviors that were originally infralegal matters. Prohibiting concealment of the face in public space is one example of this tendency. But this observation is not without consequences: between protecting good cohabitation and penalizing uncivil behaviors, the liberty of the social individual recedes, rendering the frontier between political and social space porous. Through the depiction of the act that is detrimental to social life, the partition in judicial space –between compliance with objectives rules and protections of subjective rights– will also be called into question
Zhu, Pei. "Applications de la diffusion des rayons X aux contrôles non destructifs industriels." Lyon, INSA, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ISAL0095.
Full textThe present study refers ta the applications of coherent and incoherent X-ray scattering in the field of evaluation and characterization of materials and components. Each application was originated from a precise request of an industrial partner. The first part 1s a recall of the basic theory of Compton scattering. Then, after description of the involved equipments, an analysis of the different parameters which characterize the obtained signal and the performance of the method is done. A simulation program is also detailed, which takes into account all major physical phenomena involved, and which permits to realize a optimization of the method for each nex application. Three different industrial applications of Compton scattering are then presented: density measurement, thickness measurement and defect detection (cracks, delamination. . . ). In the part concerning coherent scattering, after the recall of the basic theory, a method using small angle coherent scattering is described, which is used to measure the coating thickness of a SiC layer surrounding a C/SiC structure. This method uses an experimental equipment which is almost identical to that of the Compton scattering. Finally , studies in the field of X-ray fluorescence are described: two applications of coating thickness measurement are developed, which are used for metallic and composite materials
Ravaoharinirina, Hanitriniaina Liliane. "Harmonisation et mise en cohérence des politiques d'aide publique au développement au regard des principes de la Déclaration de Paris : cas de Madagascar." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0051/document.
Full textMadagascar among less advanced countries in a precarious situation has benefited aids from many donors, bilateral and multilateral, traditional or new ones, to finance its development program implementation.Since its independence, it has not stopped receiving such public aids for development. However, no improvement has occurred up to now. In 2005, the adoption of the Paris Declaration during the High Level Forum by the Development Assistance Committee (DAC-OECD) established a new political orientation based on promoting harmonisation and coordinating aid policies to ensure efficiency of all actions for a sustainable stability and development. Being aware of the challenges to take up, Madagascar enrolled in the process of ensuring the politics and practise harmonization consistency. It is one of the fifty countries that adopted and signed for this declaration. The above political orientation had to provide a breath of fresh air and recommends to the technical and financial partners (PTFs) to really unite and work together so that aids could be an actual development tool and no more a problem for the beneficiary country. The last Busan Aid Effectiveness Declaration in 2011 still emphasizes this aspect .Therefore, since 2005, the malgache government with the support of all its PTFs, donors, has decided to put an agenda in place for the 2015 horizon. This agenda, a sort of roadmap, fixes the important steps that the players should follow to establish harmonized and coordinated managing mechanism of the public development aids. It is a partnership incentive between donors and government that the latter tries to establish. Those actions began with the reform implementation to make the national system reliable and to win back the PTFs’ confidence. Therefore, the implementation of the coordinating entity and the mechanism of national monitoring survey joint with public policies and external aids has been processed. Simultaneously, at each sector’s level, the approach adaptation has been searched to be in agreement with this new political orientation. In practice, these processes are not easy to carry out and some difficulties are politically and technically experienced. This engenders disorder in the national aid mapping and suspicion in the application of the five consistency principles: Ownership, Alignment, Harmonisation, Managing for results and Mutual accoutability known as harmonisation.The instability caused by the 2009 crisis occurrence has slowed down the well engaged process despite the promising results. In fact, the 2010 DP implementation survey evoked a performance decrease if compared to that of 2008. The search for complementary feature, for synergy between financial donor(s) with politics appropriation as a factor in the success are the challenges. Knowledge keeping would be important to prevent from regression and coming back to the old practices that are not adapted to the international cooperation for the development . In the same way, the malgache authority should more focalize their attention to the way how to regain the national development players’ and the donors’ trust
Gauthier, Georges. "La Taxation des marchandises d'origine tierce importées dans le périmètre européen : les modalités de déclaration et de contrôle dans le cadre de dédouanement." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010287.
Full textKalay, Kisala Patty. "Le droit congolais du travail à l'épreuve de la déclaration de l' Organisation Internationale du Travail relative aux principes et droits fondamentaux au travail." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0018.
Full textThe Declaration on fundamental principles and rights at work adopted by the International Labour Organisation(ILO) in 1998, erected by « minimum social floor », eight international labour Conventions say « fundamental»on four themes: freedom of association and the effective recognition of the right to collective bargaining,elimination of all forms of forced or compulsory labor, the effective abolition of child labor and the eliminationof discrimination in respect of employment and occupation. Since 2001, the Democratic Republic of Congo, amember of ILO, has striven to ratify the set of « core conventions» of the ILO and to conform its nationallegislation. However, integration of these core standards turns on. The finding can be due to technicalimperfections and inconsistencies in laws and regulations, and especially of very important problems ofeffectiveness. Some socio-economic as political-institutional prerequisites do not yet seem together to give a realfoundation for fundamental principles and rights at work as envisaged by the 1998 Declaration. In addition, thecontent of the latter appears too limited compared to the concerns of Congolese workers and human rightswhich, in fact, they are not recognized. Paradoxically, if one is in DR Congo sometimes below expectations ofthe ILO Declaration of 1998, the reality of conditions of work and worker called to think about beyond theprinciples alone affirmed by the ILO Declaration of 1998
Mastalski, Gilles. "Germanophilie et germanophobie : le retour de la question sudète dans les relations germano-tchèques de la Révolution de Velours à la déclaration de 1997." Université de Marne-la-Vallée, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MARN0073.
Full textEl, Shaarawi Sanaa Abd El Aziz Ali. "L'histoire constitutionnelle des droits de l'homme en France et en Egypte depuis la Déclaration française des droits de l'homme et du citoyen de 1789." Paris 12, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA122004.
Full textTamas, Jennifer. "Dire de ne pas dire : du silence éloquent à l'énonciation tragique des déclarations d'amour chez Racine." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040268.
Full textI argue that Racine represents the fight against the unspoken. Each play reveals something that is unacceptable and impossible to articulate. How does one state all that cannot be stated? Above all, how to avoid stirring the terror of the listener? Silence, whether it represents a pure absence of words or a murmuring of voices that inhibit an answer, finds itself at the core of the discursive exchange. The declaration of love emerges from the unsaid and brings about a permanent tension between « the spoken word » and « silence. » This study is based on the following paradox: speech is impossible, but the reticence to speak, once overcome, induces an irreversible process. The declaration of love is the symbol of this process. Its utterance represents the ultimate tragic enunciation as it engenders Fate. To show one’s love is to condemn the other.The fatal oracle expresses itself through the words of characters in love.Racine inaugurates a new theater of love in which the declaration corresponds to a deep existential crisis. The Racinian character asserts his subjectivity by expressing his love, though it violates the other
Gondouin, Geneviève. "Le Conseil constitutionnel et la déclaration des droits de l'homme et du citoyen du 26 août 1789 : contribution à l'étude du contrôle de constitutionnalité des lois." Grenoble 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989GRE21003.
Full textFor a long time france refused to set up a constitutional control of laws namely on the grounds that the law expresses the will of the people (see article 6 of the 1789 declaration). The constitutional council founded in 1958 must deal, among other things, with the correspondence between laws and the constitution. It immediately forces the law giver to respect the 1789 declaration by considering that the latter provided for by the preamble to the constitution, is part and parcel of the constitution. But to what extent can the 17 articles of the declaration be enforced ? indeed two types of provisions can be found in the declaration : those relating to the principles of the political association (which today we call the state) and those more directly concerning human rights and freedom as well as civic rights. The constitutional council rarely refers to the former since the principles thus laid down appear in more recent constitutional provisions which are enforced. On the other hand it does not hesitate to refer to provisions affecting human rights. But in the last case it frequently improves upon the great principles of 1789 by calling upon other elements of the preamble to the constitution (i. E. Fundamental principles recognized by the laws of the republic, principles which are peculiarly necessary to our times) or, simply, articles of the current constitution
Bouaziz, Margaux. "Significations et interprétations de l'article 16 de la Déclaration des droits de l'homme et du citoyen de 1789 : contribution à l'histoire de la notion de constitution." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01D072.
Full textArticle 16 of the Declaration of Rights of Man and of the Citizen of 1789 provides that "Every society in which warranty of rights is not assured, nor separation of powers determined, has no constitution.” This research aims to recover the historical meaning of this text, in order to compare it with its contemporary interprétations given by constitutional scholars and by the Constitutional Council. Firstly, relying on linguistic history’s methods, it demonstrates that this statute originates from the mutations of the conceptions of political powerand the invention of the notion of constitution in the 17th and 18th centuries. This notion, and particularly that of constitution of the society, are créations of natural law theorists and contractualist philosophers. Afterwards,they are taken up and adapted to the French context for the purpose of using them as a political weapon,which leads to the emergence of three constitutionalisms: parliamentary, patriot and royalist. Secondly, the study focusses on the adoption of article 16, which represents the recognition of the patriot conception of the constitution.This provision is the symbol of the patriots’ victory over the conservatives and the royalists in 1789. lt is also the legal recognition of their vision of the constitution. Thirdly, the research shows the mythical aspect of the meanings attributed to article 16 in the 20th and 21st centuries and it analyses the process of mythification of article 16, as an element of political theory as well as a constitutional norm
Gahdoun, Pierre-Yves. "La liberté contractuelle dans la jurisprudence du Conseil constitutionnel." Montpellier 1, 2006. http://buadistant.univ-angers.fr/login?url=https://www.dalloz-bibliotheque.fr/pvurl.php?r=http%3A%2F%2Fdallozbndpro-pvgpsla.dalloz-bibliotheque.fr%2Ffr%2Fpvpage2.asp%3Fpuc%3D5442%26nu%3D42.
Full textSince the beginning of the years 1990, freedom of contract appeared in the jurisprudence of the Conseil constitutionnel. Very quickly the question of its statute arose. Ones underlining impossibility of constitutionalizing a right without any constitutional base and marked by relativity in the current legislation. Otners denouncing ambiguity surrounding the Conseil constitutionnel jurisprudence. It appears however that by underlining the unfolding of the dispute relating to the freedom of contract, ambiguities are dissipated revealing jurisprudence protecting the contract on two levels: on one side, "contractual perenniality" allowing a protection of the contracts in progress against the attacks of the legislator. On the other, the "contractual impulse" authorizing a protection of the contracts to corne. These two aspects characterize today the functional duality of the freedom of contract and control the jurisprudence of the Conseil constitutionnel on the matter
Ho-Dac, Delphine. "L'harmonisation internationale des dossiers toxicologiques en vue de l'autorisation de mise sur le marché des spécialités pharmaceutiques." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR2PE26.
Full textBronner, Anne. "Vers un modèle de surveillance intégrée des maladies exotiques abortives chez les bovins en France métropolitaine : évaluation de la surveillance évènementielle et exploration d’outils complémentaires de surveillance syndromique." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10161/document.
Full textThe surveillance system for exotic abortive diseases in French cattle (i.e. abortive diseases that are not currently found in France), such as brucellosis, is a typical example of a surveillance system that is in need of improvement. This type of surveillance only actually exists for brucellosis. Clinical surveillance is the cornerstone of brucellosis surveillance and consists in the mandatory notification of each bovine abortion. However, while no quantitatively assessments have been made, it is common knowledge that this type of surveillance suffers from high levels of under-reporting. By providing an in-depth assessment of the bovine abortion notification surveillance system, we quantified its low sensitivity and identified the influence of structural, human and health factors on how decisions to report abortions are taken. In addition, demographic and reproductive data, collected for purposes of traceability and for genetic performance improvement, were used to devise indirect indicators of abortion occurrence. By modeling the temporal and spatio-temporal variations of these indicators, we highlighted the ability for syndromic surveillance systems to identify the occurrence of abortive events at individual and herd scale. Based on these studies, improving exotic abortive disease surveillance requires revising the mandatory notification surveillance system and developing syndromic surveillance systems. More generally, considering the difficulties in predicting the occurrence of exotic or emerging diseases and their clinical and epidemiological forms, it is necessary to reorganize the surveillance of exotic diseases by setting up integrated surveillance systems that would include different surveillance modalities. Such surveillance systems, implemented by production sector, would focus on known or unknown diseases, showing clinical or subclinical forms, and sporadic, epizootic or diffuse patterns, and would thus maximize the ability to detect exotic or emerging diseases
Cassilde, Stéphanie. "Choix rationnel, langage et représentations des inégalités et des discriminations. Une étude des déclarations de couleurs de peau dans le Brésil contemporain." Phd thesis, Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00713948.
Full textMusbah, Arabi. "La question des droits de l'homme et des libertés en Libye : reconnaissance constitutionnelle et garanties effectives." Thesis, Tours, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOUR1004/document.
Full textSince its independence in 1951 Libya has given great priority to human rights and freedoms. The Constitutional Declaration proclaimed, on August 3, 2011 following the “Arab Spring”, opened new horizons while laying the foundations for a new democratic state respectful of human rights beyond the Gaddafi era. Indeed, the Constitutional Declaration is specific about the kinds of rights and freedom the new Libyan state would like to support both nationally and internationally. Such rights and freedoms were embedded within the Constitutional Declaration and prioritized in order to protect them from any abuses by the different executive government branches. This means that individual citizens are constitutionally enabled to seek judiciary protection before local courts whenever their rights are infringed or abused. Rights and freedoms are meaningless unless constitutionally protected and supported through providing for non-judiciary guarantees centered on judiciary independence both as process and practitioners i.e. impartiality of judges
Jaïdi, Amel. "La Grande-Bretagne en Palestine, 1917-1939 : entre pragmatisme et messianisme." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040076.
Full textMillet, Laurent. "Contribution à l’étude des fonctions sociale et écologique du droit de propriété : enquête sur le caractère sacré de ce droit énoncé dans la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen du 26 août 1789." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010277/document.
Full textThe property right is guaranteed by the Declation of the Rights of Man and of theCitizen of 1789 which calles it sacred. This quality finds a secular and republican translation(suggested by the Church’s social doctrine) in the social function of property right. This function is recognized abroad (constitutional courts, C.J.E.U., E.C.H.R.) and in France(Constitutional council, Council of State, Court of cassation), it is neither an isolated theory ofone author, nor an evolution of property right. There is a correspondance between thetheological assumption and the secular and republican concept of property right : to theCreator’s eminent domain corresponds the human community’s eminent domain (via theState’s eminent domain, the reserve of law, the common heritage of the Nation), to therelativity of the human creature’s domain corresponds the relativity of the private propertyright, to the management of creation (stewardship) corresponds the preservation ofbiodiversity and sustainable development. The analysis of this sacred feature reveals that thesocial function and the ecological function (or environmental) of the property right are part ofthe structural definition of this right. In its secular and republican legislative translation, theecological function of the property right is illustrated in the participation of owners to the conservation of natural ressources (particularly via naturalist inventories) and conservation of environmental quality of real estate and lands
Jendoubi, Hamed. "Répéter pour imposer : les déclarations de promulgation de l’Administration Bush 43 : entre défense et légitimation rhétorique des prérogatives constitutionnelles de la présidence." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2035/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the use of presidential signing statements by the Bush 43 Administration. Presidential signing statements are written documents that allow the President to give his opinion of a bill he signed into law and to say that even though he willingly signed the law, he does not necessarily plan on executing all of its provisions as he believes some of them to be potentially unconstitutional. Such a behavior may seem problematic constitutionally speaking as the American Constitution forces the President to « faithfully execute the laws » without affording him the opportunity to pick and choose the provisions he wants to execute.Through a comparison with the signing statements of previous presidents as well as an analysis of both the theoretical and practical capacity of presidential signing statements to allow the President to control the execution of the laws, this thesis will describe signing statements as tools of the rhetorical presidency that allow the executive to assert and defend its constitutional prerogatives in order to strengthen them in the long run, rather than weapons of the administrative presidency with an immediate effect on the execution of the laws