To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Decline of strength.
Journal articles on the topic 'Decline of strength'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Decline of strength.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Okely, Judith A., and Ian J. Deary. "Associations Between Declining Physical and Cognitive Functions in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936." Journals of Gerontology: Series A 75, no. 7 (2020): 1393–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaa023.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background The ageing process is characterized by declines in physical and cognitive function. However, the relationship between these trajectories remains a topic of investigation. Methods Using four data waves collected triennially between ages 70 and 79, we tested for associations between multiple cognitive ability domains (verbal memory, processing speed, and visuospatial ability) and physical functions (walking speed, grip strength, and lung function). We first tested for associations between linear declines in physical and cognitive functions over the entire 9-year study period, and then, for lead-lag coupling effects between 3-year changes in cognitive and physical functions. Results Steeper linear decline in walking speed was moderately correlated with steeper linear declines in each cognitive domain. Steeper linear decline in grip strength was moderately correlated with steeper linear declines in verbal memory and processing speed. Lead-lag coupling models showed that decline in verbal memory was preceded by declines in walking speed and grip strength. By contrast, decline in grip strength was preceded by declines in processing speed and visuospatial ability, and decline in walking speed was preceded by decline in visuospatial ability. Following additional adjustment for covariates, only coupling effects from earlier decline in processing speed to later decline in grip strength remained significant (β = 0.545, p = .006). Conclusion Our findings provide further evidence of an association between cognitive and physical declines and point to the potential order in which these changes occur. Decline in processing speed in particular may serve as a unique early marker of declining upper body strength.
2
FIORITO, JACK, and CHERYL L. MARANTO. "THE CONTEMPORARY DECLINE OF UNION STRENGTH." Contemporary Economic Policy 5, no. 4 (1987): 12–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-7287.1987.tb00269.x.
Full text
3
Haynes, E. M. K., N. A. Neubauer, K. M. D. Cornett, B. P. O’Connor, G. R. Jones, and J. M. Jakobi. "Age and sex-related decline of muscle strength across the adult lifespan: a scoping review of aggregated data." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 45, no. 11 (2020): 1185–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2020-0081.
Full textAbstract:
Muscle strength is sex-related and declines with advancing age; yet, a comprehensive comparative evaluation of age-related strength loss in human females and males has not been undertaken. To do so, segmented piecewise regression analysis was performed on aggregated data from studies published from 1990 to 2018 and are available in CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO databases. The search identified 5613 articles that were reviewed for physical assessment results stratified by sex and age. Maximal isometric and isokinetic 60°·s−1 knee extension (KE) and knee flexion (KF) contractions from 57 studies and 15 283 subjects (N = 7918 females) had sufficient data reported on females and males for meaningful statistical evaluation to be undertaken. The analysis revealed that isometric KE and KF strength undergo similar rapid declines in both sexes late in the sixth decade of life. Yet, there is an abrupt age-related decline in KE 60°·s−1 peak torque earlier in females (aged 41.8 years) than males (aged 66.7 years). In the assessment of KF peak torque, an age-related acceleration in strength loss was only identified in males (aged 49.3 years). The results suggest that age-related isometric strength loss is similar between sexes while the characteristics of KE and KF peak torque decline are sex-related, which likely explains the differential rate of age-related functional decline. Novelty Inclusion of muscle strength and torque of KE and KF data from >15 000 subjects. Isometric KE and KF strength loss are similar between sexes. Isokinetic 60°·s−1 KE torque decline accelerates 25 years earlier in females and female age-related KF peak torque decline does not accelerate with age.
4
Brunk, Doug. "Diabetes Linked To Decline in Muscle Strength." Internal Medicine News 38, no. 14 (2005): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1097-8690(05)71144-6.
Full text
5
Soni, Purushottam, Hunter Edwards, Taslim Anupom, et al. "Spaceflight Induces Strength Decline in Caenorhabditis elegans." Cells 12, no. 20 (2023): 2470. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12202470.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Understanding and countering the well-established negative health consequences of spaceflight remains a primary challenge preventing safe deep space exploration. Targeted/personalized therapeutics are at the forefront of space medicine strategies, and cross-species molecular signatures now define the ‘typical’ spaceflight response. However, a lack of direct genotype–phenotype associations currently limits the robustness and, therefore, the therapeutic utility of putative mechanisms underpinning pathological changes in flight. Methods: We employed the worm Caenorhabditis elegans as a validated model of space biology, combined with ‘NemaFlex-S’ microfluidic devices for assessing animal strength production as one of the most reproducible physiological responses to spaceflight. Wild-type and dys-1 (BZ33) strains (a Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) model for comparing predisposed muscle weak animals) were cultured on the International Space Station in chemically defined media before loading second-generation gravid adults into NemaFlex-S devices to assess individual animal strength. These same cultures were then frozen on orbit before returning to Earth for next-generation sequencing transcriptomic analysis. Results: Neuromuscular strength was lower in flight versus ground controls (16.6% decline, p < 0.05), with dys-1 significantly more (23% less strength, p < 0.01) affected than wild types. The transcriptional gene ontology signatures characterizing both strains of weaker animals in flight strongly corroborate previous results across species, enriched for upregulated stress response pathways and downregulated mitochondrial and cytoskeletal processes. Functional gene cluster analysis extended this to implicate decreased neuronal function, including abnormal calcium handling and acetylcholine signaling, in space-induced strength declines under the predicted control of UNC-89 and DAF-19 transcription factors. Finally, gene modules specifically altered in dys-1 animals in flight again cluster to neuronal/neuromuscular pathways, suggesting strength loss in DMD comprises a strong neuronal component that predisposes these animals to exacerbated strength loss in space. Conclusions: Highly reproducible gene signatures are strongly associated with space-induced neuromuscular strength loss across species and neuronal changes in calcium/acetylcholine signaling require further study. These results promote targeted medical efforts towards and provide an in vivo model for safely sending animals and people into deep space in the near future.
6
Lovegrove, Rhianna A., and Mark Bahr. "Muscle Strength to Mental Strength: Exercise and Age-Related Cognitive Decline." Psychology 11, no. 05 (2020): 763–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/psych.2020.115052.
Full text
7
Alajlouni, Dima, Dana Bliuc, Thach Tran, John A. Eisman, Tuan V. Nguyen, and Jacqueline R. Center. "Decline in Muscle Strength and Performance Predicts Fracture Risk in Elderly Women and Men." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 105, no. 9 (2020): e3363-e3373. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgaa414.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Context Muscle strength and performance are associated with fractures. However, the contribution of their rate of decline is unclear. Objective To assess the independent contribution of the rate of decline in muscle strength and performance to fracture risk. Design, Setting, and Participants Community-dwelling women (n = 811) and men (n = 440) aged 60 years or older from the prospective Dubbo Osteoporosis Epidemiology Study followed from 2000 to 2018 for incident fracture. Clinical data, appendicular lean mass/height2 (ht)2, bone mineral density, quadricep strength/ht (QS), timed get-up-and-go (TGUG), 5 times repeated sit-to-stand (5xSTS), and gait speed (GS) measured biennially. Rates of decline in muscle parameters were calculated using ordinary least squares regression and fracture risk was assessed using Cox’s models. Main Outcome Incident low-trauma fracture ascertained by x-ray report. Results Apart from lean mass in women, all muscle parameters declined over time. Greater rates of decline in physical performance were associated with increased fracture risk in women (Hazard ratios [HRs] ranging from 2.1 (95% CI: 1.5–2.9) for GS to 2.7 (95% CI: 1.9–3.6) for 5xSTS, while in men only the decline in GS was associated with fracture risk (HR: 3.4 [95% CI: 1.8–6.3]). Baseline performance and strength were also associated with increased fracture risk in men (HRs ranging from 1.8 (95% CI: 1.1–3.0) for QS to 2.5 (95% CI: 1.5–4.1) for TGUG, but not in women. Conclusion Rate of decline in physical performance in both genders, and baseline strength and performance in men, contributed independently to fracture risk. Sit-to-stand and GS were the tests most consistently associated with fractures. Further studies are required to determine whether muscle strength and/or performance improve the predictive accuracy of fracture prediction models.
8
Angel, Bárbara, Olesya Ajnakina, Cecilia Albala, et al. "Grip Strength Trajectories and Cognition in English and Chilean Older Adults: A Cross-Cohort Study." Journal of Personalized Medicine 12, no. 8 (2022): 1230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm12081230.
Full textAbstract:
Growing evidence about the link between cognitive and physical decline suggests the early changes in physical functioning as a potential biomarker for cognitive impairment. Thus, we compared grip-strength trajectories over 12–16 years in three groups classified according to their cognitive status (two stable patterns, normal and impaired cognitive performance, and a declining pattern) in two representative UK and Chilean older adult samples. The samples consisted of 7069 UK (ELSA) and 1363 Chilean participants (ALEXANDROS). Linear Mixed models were performed. Adjustments included socio-demographics and health variables. The Declined and Impaired group had significantly lower grip-strength at baseline when compared to the Non-Impaired. In ELSA, the Declined and Impaired showed a faster decline in their grip strength compared to the Non-Impaired group but differences disappeared in the fully adjusted models. In ALEXANDROS, the differences were only found between the Declined and Non-Impaired and they were partially attenuated by covariates. Our study provides robust evidence of the association between grip strength and cognitive performance and how socio-economic factors might be key to understanding this association and their variability across countries. This has implications for future epidemiological research, as hand-grip strength measurements have the potential to be used as an indicator of cognitive performance.
9
Miller, Ryan M., Eduardo D. S. Freitas, Aaron D. Heishman, et al. "Muscle Performance Changes with Age in Active Women." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 9 (2021): 4477. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094477.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to examine age-related differences in muscle performance in women divided into young (YW, 20–39 years, n = 29) middle-aged (MAW, 40–59 years, n = 33), and older (OW, ≥60 years, n = 40) age groups. Methods: Hand grip strength, vertical jump performance, and knee extensor (KE) strength (0 deg/s, 60 deg/s, and 240 deg/s), speed of movement (SoM; at 1 Nm, 20%, 40%, and 60% isometric strength), and endurance (30-repetition test at 60 degs/s and 240 deg/s) were assessed. Computed tomography-acquired muscle cross-sectional area (mCSA) was measured and included to determine specific strength (KE strength/mCSA). Results: Hand grip strength was similar across groups, while jump performance declined with age (YW and MAW > OW, p < 0.001). KE strength declined significantly with age (all conditions p < 0.01), while specific strength was similar across groups. SoM was significantly higher for YW and MAW compared to OW (both p < 0.01). An age × velocity interaction revealed YW KE endurance was similar between conditions, whereas MAW and OW displayed significantly better endurance during the 60 deg/s condition. OW displayed impaired KE endurance at 240 deg/s (vs. YW and MAW, p < 0.01) but improved at 60 deg/s (vs. YW, p < 0.01). Dynamic torque decline increased with age (YW < OW, p = 0.03) and was associated with intramuscular adipose tissue (r = 0.21, p = 0.04). Conclusions: Performance declines were most evident among OW, but few performance deficits had emerged in MAW. Interestingly, strength declines disappeared after normalizing to mCSA and endurance appears to be velocity-dependent.
10
Li, Xu Rong, Hong Guang Ji, Jun Wang, and Cheng Lin Song. "Test Research on Strength of Concrete Shaft Lining under Salt Disaster Corrosion." Advanced Materials Research 926-930 (May 2014): 645–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.926-930.645.
Full textAbstract:
In order to study the strength change of high strength concrete shaft lining structure in underground complex environment resisting composite salt damage erosion, C70 high strength concrete test specimens were made and composite salt disaster solutions of different concentrations were compounded. The test results show that the coefficient of compressive strength and flexural strength of high strength concrete increase in early corrosion and then decline. The strength of specimen declines more quickly in higher corrosion solution concentration in latter time. The change law of the flexural strength is more complex than the compressive strength. Composite salt disaster solutions have little effect for no damage high strength concrete.
11
Yang, Guo Liang, Fan Bing Meng, Li Pu Huang, et al. "Research on Resistance to Moisture Damage of Warm Mix Rubber Asphalt Mixture." Applied Mechanics and Materials 744-746 (March 2015): 1209–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.744-746.1209.
Full textAbstract:
To verify the resistance to moisture damage of warm mix rubber asphalt mixture, the splitting strength test of warm mix rubber asphalt mixture (WMRAC-13) was conducted under different immersion time and immersion temperature. Test results show that freeze-thaw splitting strength of warm mix rubber asphalt mixture meets the requirement of moisture stability. The immersion splitting strengths in 60°C and 4°C decline with the extension of immersion time. The immersion splitting strengths in 60°C decline faster than those in 4°C. The best fitting function of immersion splitting strengths with immersion time obeys second-order polynomial and power function respectively, and their correlations are the best. The inflection point of attenuation curves is 3th day and 20th day respectively.
12
Asaishi, Ken, Masahiro Matsui, Hiroki Nishikawa, et al. "Grip Strength in Patients with Gastrointestinal Diseases." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 8 (2022): 2079. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11082079.
Full textAbstract:
We sought to elucidate factors contributing to the grip strength (GS) decline in patients with gastrointestinal diseases (Ga-Ds, n = 602, 379 males, median age = 72 years). The GS decline in males and females was defined as <28 kg and <18 kg, respectively, following the current Asian guidelines. The median GS (male) was 28.8 kg, and GS decline (male) was found in 169 patients (44.6%). The median GS (female) was 17.5 kg, and GS decline (female) was found in 122 patients (54.7%). Advanced cancer was identified in 145 patients (24.1%). In terms of the univariate analysis of parameters of the GS decline, age (p < 0.0001), gender (p = 0.0181), body mass index (BMI, p = 0.0002), ECOG-PS (p < 0.0001), SARC-F score (p < 0.0001), hemoglobin value (p < 0.0001), total lymphocyte count (p < 0.0001), serum albumin value (p < 0.0001), C reactive protein (CRP) value (p < 0.0001), and estimated glomerular filtration rate were statistically significant. In terms of the multivariate analysis, age (p < 0.0001), BMI (p = 0.0223), hemoglobin value (p = 0.0186), serum albumin value (p = 0.0284), the SARC-F score (p = 0.0003), and CRP value (p < 0.0001) were independent parameters. In conclusion, the GS decline in patients with Ga-Ds is closely associated with not only the primary factor (i.e., aging) but also secondary factors such as inflammatory factors and nutritional factors.
13
Dickhout, Janneke, Rob Lammertink, and Wiebe de Vos. "Membrane Filtration of Anionic Surfactant Stabilized Emulsions: Effect of Ionic Strength on Fouling and Droplet Adhesion." Colloids and Interfaces 3, no. 1 (2019): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/colloids3010009.
Full textAbstract:
Membranes hold great potential to be used for the successful treatment of oily waste water, but membrane fouling leads to substantial decreases in performance. Here we study the impact of ionic strength on membrane fouling from an emulsion stabilized by the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS). For this we use a unique combinatorial approach where droplet adhesion to a cellulose surface in a flow cell is compared to membrane fouling (flux decline) on a cellulose membrane. In the initial membrane fouling stages droplet adhesion dominates. While the flow cell demonstrates a high number of droplets adhering especially at high ionic strengths (100 mM NaCl), the strongest flux decline is observed at intermediate (10 mM NaCl) ionic strength. This suggests that the fouling mechanism must be different, with pore blocking expecting to dominate at intermediate ionic strength. At the later fouling stages the porosity of the cake layer plays a key role in the flux reduction. At low ionic strength, oil droplets repel each other strongly and an open, more permeable, cake layer is formed. However at higher ionic strength, a screening of charge interactions leads to a lower porosity and thereby a lower flux. This leads to a clear trend: with a higher ionic strength a higher flux decline is observed. Flux recovery is high at all ionic strengths, in line with the observation in the flow cell that oil droplets can easily be sheared of a cellulose surface at all ionic strengths. This work thus highlights the critical effect of the ionic strength on membrane fouling by anionically stabilized emulsions. Moreover it shows how the use of an optical flow cell can provide key insights to help explain observations in more standard membrane fouling experiments.
14
Ruff, Christopher B., Brigitte Holt, Markku Niskanen, et al. "Gradual decline in mobility with the adoption of food production in Europe." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 23 (2015): 7147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1502932112.
Full textAbstract:
Increased sedentism during the Holocene has been proposed as a major cause of decreased skeletal robusticity (bone strength relative to body size) in modern humans. When and why declining mobility occurred has profound implications for reconstructing past population history and health, but it has proven difficult to characterize archaeologically. In this study we evaluate temporal trends in relative strength of the upper and lower limb bones in a sample of 1,842 individuals from across Europe extending from the Upper Paleolithic [11,000–33,000 calibrated years (Cal y) B.P.] through the 20th century. A large decline in anteroposterior bending strength of the femur and tibia occurs beginning in the Neolithic (∼4,000–7,000 Cal y B.P.) and continues through the Iron/Roman period (∼2,000 Cal y B.P.), with no subsequent directional change. Declines in mediolateral bending strength of the lower limb bones and strength of the humerus are much smaller and less consistent. Together these results strongly implicate declining mobility as the specific behavioral factor underlying these changes. Mobility levels first declined at the onset of food production, but the transition to a more sedentary lifestyle was gradual, extending through later agricultural intensification. This finding only partially supports models that tie increased sedentism to a relatively abrupt Neolithic Demographic Transition in Europe. The lack of subsequent change in relative bone strength indicates that increasing mechanization and urbanization had only relatively small effects on skeletal robusticity, suggesting that moderate changes in activity level are not sufficient stimuli for bone deposition or resorption.
15
Meyer, Brett. "Financialization, Technological Change, and Trade Union Decline." Socio-Economic Review 17, no. 3 (2017): 477–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ser/mwx022.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Recent research finds that financialization and technological change have had a variety of negative effects on labor, including reducing low-skill workers’ wages and increasing income inequality. In this article, I examine the effect on trade unions of one type of financialization, equity market development and one type of technological change, routine-biased technological change. I argue that we should conceptualize trade union strength in two dimensions: (a) the strength of their institutional structures, such as the degree of wage bargaining coordination and the degree to which firms can deviate from collective agreements; (b) the strength of their membership. Using data for 21 OECD countries from 1970 to 2010, I find a negative effect of equity market development on unions’ institutional structures, but not on union membership. Contrarily, I find that routine-biased technological change has a negative effect on union density, but an inconsistent relationship with the strength of unions’ institutional structures.
16
Shimotsuura, Yasuhiro, Hiroyuki Maezawa, and Yoshiaki Omura. "Experimental Production of the Bi-Digital O-Ring Test Muscular Power Evaluation Device Using an Air-type Automatic Analysis System." Acupuncture & Electro-Therapeutics Research 45, no. 1 (2020): 15–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/036012920x15958782196808.
Full textAbstract:
As Bi-Digital O-Ring Test (originated and founded by Prof. Y. Omura in New York, 1997-2020; follow as BDORT)is a diagnosis method that is carried out on the basic theory of the physiological phenomenon called the decline of muscular power of fingers, the examiner, and patients (or mediator) are demanded to do BDORT by constant regular power. Namely BDORT is a diagnosis method that estimates the relative muscular decline of the patients, so there is such a view that the results of BDORT are reflected by consciousness of the examiner. The authors used the ORT tester by using air system to avoid the influence of electromagnetic wave and evaluated the decline of the muscle strength and open degree of the O-ring shaped by the patients. Patients of the Shimotsuura Clinic are subjected and checked by direct BDORT method. When the patients shapes the O-Ring, staff members stimulated the parts of the body by plastic stick and push foot switch. Decline of the muscle strength & open degree was evaluated. When the open degree was more than 20%, stimulated points were evaluated as abnormal. Opposite side arm of the O-Ring shaped arm was checked as control. The results of the direct BDORT method between ORT evaluation apparatus and the patient was consistent with the results of the indirect method of BDORT method between the doctor and the assistant. Even where the patients complain of ill, the muscle strength was declined and opened the O-Ring by using ORT evaluation apparatus. Especially in the parts of the strong response of Integrin α5β1 checked by the doctor, the muscle strength decreased and the open degree was much higher than other parts of the body. Patients could experience of BDORT by numeral objective evaluation of the decline of the muscle strength by using ORT evaluation apparatus.
17
Xiao, Yong Gang, and Yu Jun Liu. "Effect of Local Concrete Strength Decline on High Piers' Nonlinear Stability." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 3099–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.3099.
Full textAbstract:
The nonlinear stability of three main piers of Xiniu bridge was analysed with RM Bridge V8i in this paper. The change of high pier’s nonlinear stability with the strength decline of high pier’s local concrete and variation of high pier’s height were also respectively researched.The results show that nonlinear stability coefficients will be lower if one segment of high pier’s concrete strength declines. It also indicate that the nonlinear stability coefficients drop is related to the decrease of the concrete strength, the distance between the segment at the bottom of pier, and the height of pier.
18
Buckon, Cathleen E., Susan E. Sienko, Eileen G. Fowler, et al. "A Longitudinal Study of Quantitative Muscle Strength and Functional Motor Ability in Ambulatory Boys with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy." Journal of Neuromuscular Diseases 9, no. 2 (2022): 321–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jnd-210704.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked recessive genetic disorder, that is characterized by progressive muscle degeneration and loss of ambulation between 7–13 years of age. Novel pharmacological agents targeting the genetic defects and disease mechanisms are becoming available; however, corticosteroid (CS) therapy remains the standard of care. Objective: The purpose of this longitudinal study was to elucidate the effect of CS therapy on the rate of muscle strength and gross motor skill decline in boys with DMD and assess the sensitivity of selected outcome measures. Methods: Eighty-four ambulatory boys with DMD (49–180 months), 70 on CS, 14 corticosteroid naïve (NCS), participated in this 8-year multi-site study. Outcomes included; isokinetic dynamometry, the Standing (STD) and Walking/Running/jumping (WRJ) dimensions of the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM), and Timed Function Tests (TFTs). Nonlinear mixed modeling procedures determined the rate of change with age and the influence of steroids. Results: Despite CS therapy the rate of decline in strength with age was significant in all muscle groups assessed. CS therapy significantly slowed decline in knee extensor strength, as the NCS group declined at 3x the rate of the CS group. Concurrently, WRJ skills declined in the NCS group at twice the rate of the CS group. 4-stair climb and 10 meter walk/run performance was superior in the boys on CS therapy. Conclusion: CS therapy slowed the rate of muscle strength decline and afforded longer retention of select gross motor skills in boys on CS compared to boys who were NCS. Isokinetic dynamometry, Walk/Run/Jump skills, and select TFTs may prove informative in assessing the efficacy of new therapeutics in ambulatory boys with DMD.
19
Chang (Gudjonsson), Milan, Marco Recenti, Carlo Ricciardi, et al. "GENDER DIFFERENCES IN MUSCLE STRENGTH AND TISSUE ASYMMETRY CHANGES OVER FIVE YEARS AMONG OLDER ADULTS." Innovation in Aging 8, Supplement_1 (2024): 872–73. https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igae098.2821.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background The declines in muscle strength during aging process is linked to reductions in tissue integrity and underlying cellular processes. It suggests potential gender differences in these fundamental mechanisms. The current study investigates whether the decline in muscle strength over a 5-year period correlates with changes in tissue asymmetry and explores potential gender differences between men and women. Methods The longitudinal study comprised 3156 participants residing in Reykjavik, Iceland, with a baseline mean age of 74.9. The analysis included 1,150 men and 1,587 women (n=2,737). Tissue asymmetry, assessed through CT scans, was defined by differences between the right and left sides across 11 soft tissue composition parameters for fat, muscle, and connective tissue. Changes in leg strength and asymmetry parameters over 5 years were calculated by subtracting follow-up values from baseline. Linear regression analysis was performed to assess the association between changes of maximum knee extension strengths and changes in soft-tissue asymmetry over 5 years, adjusting for confounders by gender. Results In men, a decline in leg strength over 5 years was significantly associated with an increased asymmetry across five parameters (2 related to fat and 3 related to muscle (p&lt; 0.05)). In women, associations were observed with an increased asymmetry parameters involving fat, muscle, and connective tissue (p&lt; 0.03). Conclusion Gender-specific variations in asymmetry parameters highlight how fat and muscle composition in men uniquely contribute to leg strength changes over time. This emphasizes the need to consider gender-specific factors in understanding age-related muscle strength changes, informing targeted interventions for older adults.
20
Miljkovic, Iva, Ryan Cvejkus, Adam Santanasto, et al. "Markers Of Glucose Metabolism And Muscle Strength Decline Among The Offspring Of Long-Lived Individuals." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (2021): 608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.2330.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Diabetes has been linked to accelerated muscle strength decline with aging. However, the association between glucose metabolism and muscle strength decline among individuals without diabetes is less clear. We tested whether fasting plasma markers of glucose and insulin metabolism (glucose, insulin, hemoglobin A1c, and soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE)) are associated with grip strength decline among 1415 non-diabetic offspring of exceptionally long-lived individuals who have a low diabetes risk (age range 36-88; mean age ± SD = 60 ± 8 years; mean BMI ± SD = 27 ± 4.7 kg/m2; 57% women). Grip strength was assessed using a hand-held dynamometer at two clinic visits over an average of 7.9 years. Multiple linear mixed models were adjusted for age, sex, field center, lifestyle, comorbidities, body weight, height, weight change, and family relatedness. Each standard deviation higher fasting insulin (7.3 mIU/L) was related to greater grip strength decline (-0.38 ± 0.16 kg; p=0.016), while each standard deviation higher fasting sRAGE (430 pg/mL) was related to slower grip strength decline (0.36 ± 0.18 kg; p=0.04). Our findings suggest that even among non-diabetic individuals from families with a clustering of “healthier” metabolic profiles - insulin metabolism and advanced glycation end products may be important biomarkers of muscle strength decline with aging. Potential mechanisms, including genetic and metabolic mediators underlying the observed associations, warrant further investigation.
21
Saikaew, Wuthikorn, Supatpong Mattaraj, and Ratana Jiraratananon. "Nanofiltration performance of lead solutions: effects of solution pH and ionic strength." Water Supply 10, no. 2 (2010): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2010.062.
Full textAbstract:
Nanofiltration performance (i.e. rejection and flux decline) of lead solutions was investigated using a dead-end test cell at room temperature. An aromatic polyamide NF-90 membrane was chosen to determine the impacts of solution chemistry. The experimental results revealed that solution flux decline was dependent on solution pH, ionic strength, and type of lead solutions. Solution flux conducted with different types of lead solutions (i.e. PbCl2 and Pb(NO3)2) decreased with increased solution pH. Solutions having high pH exhibited greater flux decline than those having low solution pH, while lead ion rejections were relatively high. Increased ionic strengths resulted in a greater flux decline, while lead ion rejections decreased with decreasing solution pH and increasing ionic strengths. Such results were related to low solution pH, suggesting an increase in fixed charge of proton (H+), decreasing electrical double layer thickness within membrane, thus allowing increased lead concentration passing through the membrane surface. Solution flux and rejection decreased further at higher ionic strengths, which caused a reduced negatively charged membrane, and thus decreased rejections. It was also found that lead ion for PbCl2 solution exhibited higher rejections than that of Pb(NO3)2 solution.
22
Freke, Matthew D., Kay Crossley, Trevor Russell, Kevin J. Sims, and Adam Semciw. "Changes in Knee and Trunk Alignment in People With Hip Pain and Healthy Controls When Using a Decline Board During Single-Leg Squat." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 29, no. 7 (2020): 886–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.2019-0097.
Full textAbstract:
Context: Hip pain is associated with reduced hip muscle strength, range of movement (ROM), and decreased postural stability. Single-leg squat is a reliable and valid method to measure dynamic balance. Objective: To evaluate the influence of physical characteristics and use of a decline board on squat performance in a hip pain population. Design: Cross-sectional study setting. Clinical Patients: In total, 33 individuals scheduled for arthroscopic hip surgery were matched with 33 healthy controls. Interventions: Hip and ankle ROM, hip strength, and trunk endurance were assessed, along with knee and trunk kinematics during squat on flat and 25° decline surfaces. Main Outcome Measures: Between-group and surface differences in alignment, between-group strength and ROM, and associations between alignment and physical characteristics were assessed and determined using mixed model analysis of variance and Pearson R. Results: The hip pain group had significantly less strength and ROM for all directions except abduction strength and ankle dorsiflexion (P > .02). No differences existed between the 2 groups for trunk (P < .70) or knee displacement (P < .46) during squat on either surface. When the 2 groups were combined (n = 66), decline squat significantly reduced knee medial displacement in both limbs by approximately 1 cm (P < .01). Decline squat reduced trunk lateral movement on 1 side only (P = .03). Reduced knee displacement during decline squat showed fair association with less hip-extension strength (r = −.29), hip-flexion strength (r = −.25), and less dorsiflexion (r = −.24). Strength and range were not associated with trunk displacement. Conclusions: Decline squat reduced medial knee and lateral trunk displacement regardless of hip pain. Reductions may be greater in those with lesser hip muscle strength and dorsiflexion. Use of a decline board during squat for improving knee and trunk alignment should be considered as a goal of exercise intervention.
23
Bassey, E. J., and U. J. Harries. "Normal values for handgrip strength in 920 men and women aged over 65 years, and longitudinal changes over 4 years in 620 survivors." Clinical Science 84, no. 3 (1993): 331–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0840331.
Full textAbstract:
1. The maximal grip strength of the hand has been measured in a random sample of 359 men and 561 women aged over 65 years living in their own homes. The response rate was 80% from a representative demographic area of the U.K. Measurements were made of body mass, skeletal size (demispan) and grip strength. Grip strength was measured using a custom-built strain-gauged dynamometer. The best of three attempts was taken as definitive. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain information about customary activity, use of handgrip muscles, health and psychological well-being. This was repeated with 620 survivors 4 years later. 2. The results for strength were normally distributed. The right hand was 10% stronger than the left and men had twice the strength of women. Strength was significantly related to skeletal size and in men to body mass. The gender difference was only partly accounted for by skeletal size and women were substantially disadvantaged in terms of their strength/body mass ratio. 3. There was a significant decline in strength with age of 2%/year for men and women. Strength was also significantly related to customary activity, reported use of the hands and psychological and physical health. 4. After 4 years 620 survivors were re-measured. Grip strength had declined by 12% in men and 19% in women and these losses were significantly related to age. A significant decline was also found in reported use, customary activity and health scores, and in women in body mass and psychological health. The loss of strength was significantly related to the decline in reported use of the hands but not to the other losses. 5. It is concluded that loss of strength over time in old age may be seriously underestimated by cross-sectional studies, especially in women; and that the loss is consistently and predominantly related to lack of use, rather than loss of health.
24
Alfaro-Acha, A., S. A. Snih, M. A. Raji, Y. F. Kuo, K. S. Markides, and K. J. Ottenbacher. "Handgrip Strength and Cognitive Decline in Older Mexican Americans." Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences 61, no. 8 (2006): 859–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gerona/61.8.859.
Full text
25
Sternäng, Ola, Chandra A. Reynolds, Deborah Finkel, Marie Ernsth-Bravell, Nancy L. Pedersen, and Anna K. Dahl Aslan. "Factors associated with grip strength decline in older adults." Age and Ageing 44, no. 2 (2014): 269–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afu170.
Full text
26
Olguín, Thiare, Daniel Bunout, María Pía de la Maza, Gladys Barrera, and Sandra Hirsch. "Admission handgrip strength predicts functional decline in hospitalized patients." Clinical Nutrition ESPEN 17 (February 2017): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2016.12.001.
Full text
27
Brunk, Doug. "Diabetes Accelerates Strength Decline, Disability Onset in the Aged." Rheumatology News 5, no. 1 (2006): 39. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1541-9800(06)70888-2.
Full text
28
Liu, Xiaojuan, Stephanie Pan, Vanessa Xanthakis, et al. "PLASMA PROTEOMIC SIGNATURE OF DECLINE IN GAIT SPEED AND GRIP STRENGTH." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (2022): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.856.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Physical function predicts health-related quality of life. The biological mechanisms underlying declines in physical function with age remain unclear. We examined the plasma proteomic profile associated with longitudinal changes of physical functions measured by gait speed and grip strength in community-dwelling adults. We applied aptamer-based platform to assay 1,161 plasma proteins on 2,871 participants (60% women, aged 76 years) in Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) in 1992/1993 and 1,550 participants (55% women, aged 54 years) in Framingham Offspring Study (FOS) in 1991-1995. Gait speed and grip strength were measured annually for 6 years in CHS and at cycles 7 (1998-2001) and 8 (2005-2008) in FOS. The associations of individual protein levels (log-transformed and standardized) with longitudinal changes of gait speed and grip strength in two populations were examined separately by linear mixed effect models. Meta-analyses were implemented using random effect models with a Bonferroni correction for multiple testing. We found that plasma levels of 18 and 12 proteins were associated with changes in gait speed and grip strength, respectively (Bonferroni-corrected p &lt; .05). The proteins most strongly associated with gait speed decline were growth/differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) (uncorrected Meta-analytic p = 1.60E-15), pleiotrophin (PTN) (1.29E-08), and metalloproteinase inhibitor 1 (TIMP-1) (2.02E-08). For grip strength decline, the strongest associations were for GDF-15 (1.39E-07), carbonic anhydrase III (6.60E-07), and TIMP-1 (3.21E-06). Several statistically significant proteins are involved in the alternative complement pathway, extracellular matrix remodeling or immune function. These novel proteomic biomarkers may inform our understanding of the pathophysiology of functional decline.
29
Yoo, Kyoung-Seok. "The Influence of Age-related Decline in Muscle Strength on Grip Strength Control Ability." Journal of Sport and Leisure Studies 93 (July 31, 2023): 325–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.51979/kssls.2023.07.93.325.
Full text
30
Jara, Margarita Leal, Brenda Lizama Devaud, Rossio Nain Escobar, Daniel Alveal Mellado, and Lidia Castillo Mariqueo. "P5: PREMATURE FUNCTIONAL DECLINE IN WOMEN OVER 40 YEARS OF AGE." International Psychogeriatrics 36, S1 (2024): 119–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610224002394.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Early functional changes in women compromise elements such as muscle mass and strength, physical function, and gait speed, leading to a physiological decline that may contribute to frailty in old age.Objectives: This study aimed to relate strength and physical performance to premature functional decline in women aged 40 years and older.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive observational study was conducted, and two groups of women were contrasted (40 to 60 years old and 60 and over), completing a sample of 31 women. Functional decline, lower limb muscle power, prehensile strength, physical performance, gait speed, phenotype of frailty status, level of physical activity, and other sociodemographic factors were contrasted. The UCT internal ethicscommittee.Results: Preliminary results showed that, among the demographic variables, women over 60 had a lower level of schooling, with 29% having incomplete basic education. Both groups reported a similar number of children: 93% in those under 60 and 100% in those over 60, with an average of 2.3 and 3.06 children, respectively. Statistically significant differences were detected in physical performance, lower limb strength, and gait speed, which were higher in women under 60.Conclusions: The present report detected that lower limb strength, a determinant of great relevance in the aging population, affects gait speed. Likewise, muscle strength leads to a more rapid decline in older people. In both groups, physical performance played a crucial role in characterizing aging and frailty, particularly at ages over 60, when a decline in performance was evident. Notably, there were no variations in grip strength or physical activity levels, possibly because both groups performed poorly, raising the possibility of functional decline in women who have not yet reached old age.
31
Demura, Shinichi, Masaki Minami, Yoshinori Nagasawa, Nobuhiko Tada, Jinzaburo Matsuzawa, and Susumu Sato. "Physical-Fitness Declines in Older Japanese Adults." Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 11, no. 1 (2003): 112–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.11.1.112.
Full textAbstract:
This cross-sectional study determined physical-fitness levels of more than 1,000 Japanese older men and women, including 338 participants who were 75 years of age and older. Each participant performed 11 tests representing 4 domains of functioning (muscular, joint, neural, and respiratory). Two-way ANOVA was used to examine gender and age differences for each variable. Performance on every test decreased with advancing age, but the declines did not occur at a uniform rate. In addition, men and women did not decline at the same rate for each variable. Although leg strength, balance ability, and reaction time did not decline until after the age of 65, they exhibited the steepest decline of all the variables after age 75. These findings suggest that significant declines in physical fitness occur with advancing age, especially those that are related to mobility and risk for falls.
32
Pradani, Diana Irmawati. "The Effect of Stress Distribution Around The Decline Shaft on The Support System Stability in Underground Mining." Journal of Earth and Marine Technology (JEMT) 1, no. 2 (2021): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31284/j.jemt.2021.v2i1.1726.
Full textAbstract:
The decline shaft is one of the main facilities in an underground mining work that is used as access to the mining panel from the surface. Making decline shafts on materials with weak characteristics is one of the important geotechnical issues that must be considered. The initial stage of making decline shaft holes is carried out on a relatively shallow ground surface or soil depth so that the horizontal stress that works is greater than the vertical stress. This excavation process will change the direction and magnitude of the initial stress from being in an equilibrium state to being disturbed. In addition to the stress on the rock mass, the condition of weak soil strength will affect the behavior and distribution of stresses working around the decline shaft hole. If the stress around the decline shaft exceeds the strength of the rock, there will be instability in the decline shaft so that strength is needed to control the existing stress.
33
Gilbertson, Louise, and Sarah Barber-Lomax. "Power and Pinch Grip Strength Recorded Using the Hand-Held Jamar® Dynamometer and B+L Hydraulic Pinch Gauge: British Normative Data for Adults." British Journal of Occupational Therapy 57, no. 12 (1994): 483–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030802269405701209.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to establish British normative data for adults aged 15 to 92 years, using four different hand grips. A Jamar® dynamometer was used to measure power grip and a B+L hydraulic pinch gauge to measure tip, tripod and lateral grips. A sample of 130 men and 130 women from the Cambridgeshire area was tested, using standardised positioning and instructions. The results showed that male grip strength was stronger than female grip strength in all hand grips. In both men and women, power grip peaked between the ages of 15 and 49 years and declined gradually after the age of 50 years. Tip, tripod and lateral pinch grips did not decline noticeably until after the age of 70 years in women and, although there was a gradual decline in male tripod and lateral pinch grips after 65 years, male tip pinch grip showed no noticeable decline related to age. Normative data collected in this study were lower than norms reported in American studies.
34
Alibhai, Shabbir M. H., Henriette Breunis, Narhari Timilshina, et al. "Impact of 36 months of androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) on physical function and quality of life (QOL) in men with nonmetastatic prostate cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 5_suppl (2012): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.5_suppl.16.
Full textAbstract:
16 Background: Use of ADT has been shown to adversely affect physical function and QOL within 3 months of initiation; declines persist at 12 months. Few studies have examined physical function with ongoing ADT use beyond 12 months. Methods: In this extension of our prior study, men age 50 or older with non-metastatic prostate cancer (PC) who were on continuous ADT were followed along with two control groups (PC, no ADT; healthy controls) matched on age, education, and baseline function. Physical function was assessed with the 6-minute walk test (6MWT), grip strength, and the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, representing endurance, upper extremity strength, and lower extremity strength, respectively. Aggregate physical and mental QOL were measured with the Medical Outcomes Study SF-36. Assessments were done at baseline and at 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 months. Mixed effects regression models were used, adjusting for age, baseline function, and other covariates. Results: 87 patients on ADT, 86 PC controls, and 86 healthy controls were enrolled (mean age 69.4 y, range 50-87). At baseline, all three groups were similar in age and physical function (all ANOVA p>0.05) and most subjects were otherwise quite healthy. 6MWT distance improved in both control groups but remained unchanged in ADT users (p=0.0379). Grip strength declined sharply in the ADT group by 3 months and remained stable up to 36 months (p<0.001), whereas both control groups were stable over time. There was a slight worsening of TUG scores in the ADT group over 36 months (p=0.0003) but were unchanged in both control groups (p>0.10). Aggregate physical QOL continued to decline in ADT users over time (p=0.0002) but remained stable in both control groups over 36 months, whereas aggregate mental QOL was stable in all groups over time. Most declines were evident within 3-6 months of ADT initiation. Conclusions: Initial declines with continuous ADT use in both physical function and aggregate physical QOL persist for 36 months but generally did not decline further beyond one year despite ongoing ADT use. Early exercise interventions and/or intermittent ADT use may improve these outcomes.
35
Wang, Jian Kun, Jin Mei Wang, and Ming Liu. "Evaluation of Marine Atmospheric Environmental Adaptability of 3238A/CCF300 Composite Material." Materials Science Forum 1115 (February 29, 2024): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-nfie6v.
Full textAbstract:
Composite material has been widely used in various industries because of its superior properties. But when used in harsh environment the composite material is susceptible to aging under the influence of UV radiation, water, temperature, humidity and other natural environmental medium. To evaluate the environmental adaptability of composite material, exposed 3238A/CCF300 in marine atmospheric environment for 3 year. The results show that the morphology exhibit brightness enhancement and surface resin decomposition. And the mechanical properties including 90° tensile strength, 0° compressive strength, bending strength, shear strength have all decline, amongst which the 90° tensile strength declines 55.4%, is most sensitive to marine atmospheric environment. Finally analyses the failure mechanism of 3238A/CCF300 due to the combination of heat-humidity aging and photo-degradation process.
36
Gopalswamy, Nat, Pertti Mäkelä, Seiji Yashiro, Sachiko Akiyama, and Hong Xie. "Solar activity and space weather." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2214, no. 1 (2022): 012021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2214/1/012021.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract After providing an overview of solar activity as measured by the sunspot number (SSN) and space weather events during solar cycles (SCs) 21-24, we focus on the weak solar activity in SC 24. The weak solar activity reduces the number of energetic eruptions from the Sun and hence the number of space weather events. The speeds of coronal mass ejections (CMEs), interplanetary (IP) shocks, and the background solar wind all declined in SC 24. One of the main heliospheric consequences of weak solar activity is the reduced total (magnetic + gas) pressure, magnetic field strength, and Alfvén speed. There are three groups of phenomena that decline to different degrees in SC 24 relative to the corresponding ones in SC 23: (i) those that decline more than SSN does, (ii) those that decline like SSN, and (iii) those that decline less than SSN does. The decrease in the number of severe space weather events such as high-energy solar energetic particle (SEP) events and intense geomagnetic storms is deeper than the decline in SSN. The reduction in the number of severe space weather events can be explained by the backreaction of the weak heliosphere on CMEs. CMEs expand anomalously and hence their magnetic content is diluted resulting in weaker geomagnetic storms. The reduction in the number of intense geomagnetic storms caused by corotating interaction regions is also drastic. The diminished heliospheric magnetic field in SC 24 reduces the efficiency of particle acceleration, resulting in fewer high-energy SEP events. The numbers of IP type II radio bursts, IP socks, and high-intensity energetic storm particle events closely follow the number of fast and wide CMEs (and approximately SSN) because all these phenomena are closely related to CME-driven shocks. The number of halo CMEs in SC 24 declines less than SSN does, mainly due to the weak heliospheric state. Phenomena such as IP CMEs and magnetic clouds related to frontside halos also do not decline significantly. The mild space weather is likely to continue in SC 25, whose strength has been predicted to be not too different from that of SC 24.
37
Li, Xiang, Hao Su, Liwen Du, et al. "Effects of Compression Garments on Muscle Strength and Power Recovery Post-Exercise: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Life 15, no. 3 (2025): 438. https://doi.org/10.3390/life15030438.
Full textAbstract:
This study investigated the effects of compression garments on mitigating the decline in muscle strength and power resulting from exercise-induced muscle fatigue. Searches were performed in PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, Cochrane, and Scopus databases. The three-level restricted maximum likelihood random effects model was used to synthesize the data. Twenty-seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Compression garments had significant restorative effects on muscle strength (Hedges’s g = −0.21, p < 0.01) and power (Hedges’s g = −0.23, p < 0.01) after exercise-induced muscle fatigue. Subgroup analysis revealed that compression garments were effective in mitigating the decline in muscle strength when the rest intervals were 1–48 h and over 72 h and in mitigating the decline in power when the resting interval was 1–24 h. In addition, compression garments significantly mitigated the decline in muscle strength, during rest intervals of 1–24 h for trained individuals and over 72 h for both trained and untrained individuals, after exercise-induced muscle fatigue. In conclusion, compression garments significantly mitigated the decline in muscle strength after exercise-induced muscle fatigue. Both trained and untrained individuals could benefit from compression garments, with the effectiveness of compression garments being more pronounced in trained individuals compared to untrained ones.
38
Lovecchio, Nicola, Matteo Giuriato, Vittoria Carnevale Pellino, Francesca Valarani, Roberto Codella, and Matteo Vandoni. "Italian Physical Fitness Decline: A True Fact or a Mindset? A 10-Year Observational Perspective Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 21 (2020): 8008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17218008.
Full textAbstract:
Evidence regarding a putative physical fitness decline remains less well documented for Italian children and adolescents. An update review of data collection articles was undertaken concerning motor performances (power, strength, speed-agility and indirect cardiorespiratory fitness) of children and adolescents worldwide and compared with 2859 11–12-year-old Italian students of both sexes, throughout a ten-year observational period. Lower limb explosive strength (standing broad jump), flexibility (sit-and-reach), endurance (Cooper) and speed (SP-30) performances of sixth grade Italian students showed nearly stable trends, with no differences during the observed decade, in both sexes. This 10-year perspective study confirmed that Italian physical fitness levels flatlined rather than actually declined. According to these study data, the decline in physical fitness of the Italian youth is ostensible and needs a further in-depth analysis.
39
Gerdle, B., B. Hedberg, K. A Angquist, and A. R Fugl-Meyer. "Isokinetic strength and endurance in peripheral arterial insufficiency with intermittent claudication." Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 18, no. 1 (2020): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2340/16501977198618915.
Full textAbstract:
Isokinetic plantar flexor peak torques (PT) and contractional work (CW) of the triceps surae muscle have been measured in 24 patients with peripheral arterial insufficiency and intermittent claudication and in 15 controls. Tests were performed both during non-fatiguing (30-180 degrees/s) and fatiguing (200 repeated plantar flexions at 60 degrees/s) conditions. The electromyographic signals (iEMG) from all three heads of the triceps surae were measured. The patients were significantly weaker (PT) and produced significantly less contractional work (CW) than the controls. In contrast, similar iEMGs of the triceps surae heads indicated similar levels of activation. At 40 contractions the majority of the patients had already given up and the remainder showed significantly greater declines in PT (50%) and CW (55%) than did the controls (13% and 18%, respectively). The decline in muscular excitations was similar in both groups. The ratio CW/iEMG showed a dramatic decline in the patients but was virtually constant in the controls. These results indicate a fatigue of low-frequency type in the patient group. There were close correlations between maximum walking tolerance and total work production.
40
Ibebunjo, Chikwendu, John K. Eash, Christine Li, QiCheng Ma, and David J. Glass. "Voluntary running, skeletal muscle gene expression, and signaling inversely regulated by orchidectomy and testosterone replacement." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 300, no. 2 (2011): E327—E340. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00402.2010.
Full textAbstract:
Declines in skeletal muscle size and strength, often seen with chronic wasting diseases, prolonged or high-dose glucocorticoid therapy, and the natural aging process in mammals, are usually associated with reduced physical activity and testosterone levels. However, it is not clear whether the decline in testosterone and activity are causally related. Using a mouse model, we found that removal of endogenous testosterone by orchidectomy results in an almost complete cessation in voluntary wheel running but only a small decline in muscle mass. Testosterone replacement restored running behavior and muscle mass to normal levels. Orchidectomy also suppressed the IGF-I/Akt pathway, activated the atrophy-inducing E3 ligases MuRF1 and MAFBx, and suppressed several energy metabolism pathways, and all of these effects were reversed by testosterone replacement. The study also delineated a distinct, previously unidentified set of genes that is inversely regulated by orchidectomy and testosterone treatment. These data demonstrate the necessity of testosterone for both speed and endurance of voluntary wheel running in mice and suggest a potential mechanism for declined activity in humans where androgens are deficient.
41
Huebner, Marianne, Bryan Riemann, and Andrew Hatchett. "Grip Strength and Sports Performance in Competitive Master Weightlifters." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 3 (2023): 2033. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032033.
Full textAbstract:
Grip strength (GS) is correlated with major muscle group strength; weakness and asymmetry in older adults are predictive of future disease and functional limitation risk. GS at different ages and hand symmetry for Olympic-style weightlifters and their association with performance have not been established. GS was measured in 164 athletes participating in the 2022 World Master Weightlifting Championships. The objectives wereto study the magnitude of the age-associated decline in GS in weightlifters and the association of GS with weightlifting performance. Hand symmetry was considered as a potential factor in successful lifts. Ages ranged from 35 to 90 (mean 53 years). Participants reported weekly training averages of 8.3 h of weightlifting and 4.1 additional hours of physical activities. The age-associated decline in GS was less steep than the decline in weightlifting performance. GS was lower in weightlifters compared to athletes in other sports that require grasping or force application (t = −2.53, p=0.053 for females; t = −2.62, p= 0.029 for males). The rate of decline was similar across different populations (weightlifters, other athletes, community-dwelling adults). Height and age were associated with GS, but performance level and training hours were not. GS was associated with snatch performance (t = 3.56, p < 0.001) but not with clean and jerk (t = 0.48, p = 0.633).
42
Vianna, Lauro C., Ricardo B. Oliveira, and Claudio Gil S. Araújo. "Age-Related Decline in Handgrip Strength Differs According to Gender." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 21, no. 4 (2007): 1310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1519/r-23156.1.
Full text
43
Jones, N. A., E. J. Metter, R. S. Lindle, et al. "COMPARISON OF AGE-ASSOCIATED DECLINE IN STRENGTH: WOMEN VERSUS MEN975." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 28, Supplement (1996): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199605001-00973.
Full text
44
de Camargo Smolarek, Andre, Luis P. Mascarenhas, Steven R. McAnulty, et al. "Strength Decline Of Sedentary Adult Men In Different Age Groups." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 49, no. 5S (2017): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000516956.53236.b4.
Full text
45
Buchman, A. S., P. A. Boyle, R. S. Wilson, S. Leurgans, R. C. Shah, and D. A. Bennett. "Respiratory Muscle Strength Predicts Decline in Mobility in Older Persons." Neuroepidemiology 31, no. 3 (2008): 174–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000154930.
Full text
46
Brunk, Doug. "Diabetes Accelerates the Decline of Muscle Strength in Older Adults." Family Practice News 35, no. 17 (2005): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0300-7073(05)71684-4.
Full text
47
VIANNA, LAURO C., RICARDO B. OLIVEIRA, and CLAUDIO GIL S. ARAÚJO. "AGE-RELATED DECLINE IN HANDGRIP STRENGTH DIFFERS ACCORDING TO GENDER." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 21, no. 4 (2007): 1310–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1519/00124278-200711000-00058.
Full text
48
Ganmore, Ithamar, Isak Elkayam, Ramit Ravona-Springer, et al. "DETERIORATION IN MOTOR FUNCTION OVER TIME IN OLDER ADULTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES IS ASSOCIATED WITH ACCELERATED COGNITIVE DECLINE." Endocrine Practice 26, no. 10 (2020): 1143–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4158/ep-2020-0289.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with motor impairments and a higher dementia risk. The relationships of motor decline with cognitive decline in T2D older adults has rarely been studied. Using data from the Israel Diabetes and Cognitive Decline study (N = 892), we examined associations of decline in motor function with cognitive decline over a 54-month period. Methods: Motor function measures were strength (handgrip) and gait speed (time to walk 3 m). Participants completed a neuropsychologic battery of 13 tests transformed into z-scores, summarized into 4 cognitive domains: episodic memory, attention/working memory, executive functions, and language/semantic categorization. The average of the 4 domains’ z-scores defined global cognition. Motor and cognitive functions were assessed in 18-months intervals. A random coefficients model delineated longitudinal relationships of cognitive decline with baseline and change from baseline in motor function, adjusting for sociodemographic, cardiovascular, and T2D-related covariates. Results: Slower baseline gait speed levels were significantly associated with more rapid decline in global cognition ( P = .004), language/semantic categorization ( P = .006) and episodic memory ( P = .029). Greater decline over time in gait speed was associated with an accelerated rate of decline in global cognition ( P = .050), attention/working memory ( P = .047) and language/semantic categorization ( P<.001). Baseline strength levels were not associated with cognitive decline but the rate of declining strength was associated with an accelerated decline in executive functions ( P = .025) and language/semantic categorization ( P = .006). Conclusion: In T2D older adults, the rate of decline in motor function, beyond baseline levels, was associated with accelerated cognitive decline, suggesting that cognitive and motor decline share common neuropathologic mechanisms in T2D. Abbreviations: HbA1c = hemoglobin A1c; IDCD = Israel Diabetes and Cognitive Decline; T2D = type 2 diabetes
49
Hegg, S., M. Sirois, P. Carmichael, et al. "MP57: Effect of grip strength measured in the emergency department on the risk of functional decline following a minor trauma in robust elderly: a pan-Canadian study." CJEM 22, S1 (2020): S63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2020.205.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: The elderly (65 yo and more) increase in Canada is well documented along with a disproportionate use of Emergency Departments after a minor injury. These patients requires specific care given a 16% risk of functional decline following a visit to ED. To prevent functional decline, a multidimensional assessment of the elderly is recommended in the emergency department. Objective: To determine if ED grip strength can predict functional decline at 3 or 6 months post-injury. Methods: A multicentre prospective study in 5 ED across Canada was realized between 2013 and 16. Patients 65 years old and over, autonomous in daily living activities and consulting the emergency department for minor trauma were recruited 7 days a week. Clinical-demographic data, functional status, fear of falling, number of falls in the last month, grip strength measurement were collected in the ED. Functional decline (loss of at least points to functional status) was calculated at 3 and 6 months. Descriptive statistics and linear regression model with repeated measurements were used to determine if the grip strength was predictive of functional decline at 3 or 6 months. Results: 387 patient were recruited. Mean age was 74 ± 7 years old, 52% were male. XXX experienced a fall in the last month. The initial maximum grip strength was (24 ± 10 intervention vs. 28 ± 13 control; p ≤ 0.05). grip strength is associated with pre-injury functional status (p < 0.0001) and fear of falling (p = 0.0001) but does not predict 3 or 6 month functional decline. Conclusion: Given the strong association with fear of falling and functional status at initial ED evaluation, we recommend that grip strength measurement could be included in a multidisciplinary geriatric emergency department assessment as needed.
50
Quan, Hong Zhu. "Effects of Sustained Elevated Temperature on Concrete Properties in Material Engineering and its Applications." Advanced Materials Research 578 (October 2012): 154–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.578.154.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents the results of experiment conducted to evaluate the effects of sustained elevated temperature on concrete. In this experiment, concrete with 4 types of cement, low-heat portland cement, blast-furnace slag cement and fly-ash cement were tested for strength without seal after sustained temperature exposure in the range of 20 to 300°C. Compressive strengths did not decline linearly with temperature and were minimal at around 50°C, showing 20% reduction, which associated with inter-mediate weight loss of 3%. Reductions in tensile strength and modulus of elasticity were greater than compressive strength.