Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Décollement couche limite'
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Foussekis, Dimitri. "Traitement du décollement en régime instationnaire : application aux éoliennes." Aix-Marseille 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX22080.
Full textBourgois, Sébastien. "Etude experimentale du décollement sur profils d'aile : analyse et contrôle." Poitiers, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006POIT2363.
Full textThe separation of a boundary layer is generally an undesirable aerodynamic phenomenon over a pitched airfoil due to its adverse effects on the performances of the wing. Many authors have shown that it is possible to suppress or, at least, to delay separation by introducing control devices named “actuators” over the airfoil. Fluidic actuators have been tested on two experimental configurations: a NACA 0015 airfoil where a trailing-edge separation is occurring and an ONERA D, a symmetric airfoil characterized by leading-edge separation. The actuators, which are installed on the upper side of the wing, are composed either by a series of discrete injectors or a thin slot, the blowing being either steady or unsteady. We have studied the influence of different parameters (actuator geometry, excitation frequency and intensity …). We have discovered a significant modification of the flow structures under the effects of control which favour the reattachment process and lead to a lift increase and a considerable decrease in drag. This study is dedicated to the control authority of fluidic actuators in reattaching a separated shear layer. It is the first step towards the implementation of reactive control system. Future works involve the study of the physics of the dynamic process of attachment and separation
Croci, Kilian. "Étude expérimentale des écoulements multiphasiques dans une couche limite laminaire décollée." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ENAM0052/document.
Full textHydrodynamic cavitation, more specifically attached cavitation, can emerge et develop in complex turbulent flows within laminar boundary layer separations. This phenomenon might be extremely sensitive to the gaz content in the flow. For an easier understanding of the attachment of cavities into laminar separated flows within the influence of air content, we propose to focus our study on viscous silicon oil laminar separated flows, presenting high gas content, within a smooth Venturi geometry. In this study, the inception of several types of attached cavities, filled with air or oil vapor, can be observed into different laminar flow separations. For high pressures, the degassing phenomenon is dominant in the flow, generating attached cavities filled with air presenting interesting dynamics. For low pressures, attach vapor cavities can emerge inducing, if the flow is unstable, the transition to laminar/turbulent transitioning regime in their wake. This transition can also occurs intermittently at higher pressures in the wake of a recirculating air bubble, characteristic to degassing into laminar separated flows. The laminar/turbulent transitioning regime, less sensitive to degassing, is characterized by vortex cavitation, occurring at high frequencies, at the rear of a “short” laminar separation bubble along the divergent Venturi slope. The “short” laminar separation bubble grows until transitioning to a “long” bubble within an large attached cavity. This transition can be associate to thesupercavitation phenomenon
Cuvier, Christophe. "Contrôle actif du décollement d'une couche limite turbulente en gradient de pression adverse." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00752207.
Full textCuvier, Christophe. "Contrôle actif du décollement d’une couche limite turbulente en gradient de pression adverse." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ECLI0015/document.
Full textFlow control allows to suppress boundary layers separation, which largely deteriorates the performances of machineries which interact with fluid (aircraft, cars, turbomachineries, etc.). This study concentrates more particularly on active flow control with continuous jets. A ramp model which allows to manipulate the boundary layer equilibrium was realized and set in Laboratoire de Mécanique de Lille wind tunnel. The first part of the work was to characterize the flow over the model with wool-tufts and oil-film visualisations, pressure distribution, hot-wire anemometry and PIV measurements. The aim was to define a ramp configuration for the flow control study and to know precisely the characteristics of the retained flow. The selected configuration corresponds to an adverse pressure gradient flow followed by a separation on the flap, which mimics the flow on the suction side of a wing. With friction probes coupled with wool-tufts visualisations, passive actuators and active continuous jets were studied and optimised. Finally, some of the optimum active configurations found were characterized in more details with PIV measurements over the entire separated region. It appears that continuous jets do not suppress the separation mechanisms, but only reduce their intensity and squeeze them more or less against the wall
Bourgois, Sébastien. "Etude expérimentale du décollement sur profils d'aile : analyse et contrôle." Phd thesis, Université de Poitiers, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00308715.
Full textDe nombreux auteurs ont montré qu'il est possible d'éliminer ou, le cas échéant, de retarder l'apparition des décollements en implantant des dispositifs de contrôle appelés « actionneurs » sur l'aile.
Des actionneurs, de type fluidique, ont été comparativement utilisés sur deux configurations expérimentales : un profil épais symétrique NACA 0015, siège de décollements de type « bord de fuite » et un profil symétrique ONERA D caractérisé par des décollements de type « bord d'attaque ». Placés en proche paroi d'extrados, les actionneurs se présentent sous la forme d'injecteurs discrets ou sous la forme d'une fente de faible épaisseur, le soufflage étant stationnaire ou instationnaire.
Nous avons étudié l'influence de différents paramètres (géométrie des actionneurs, fréquence et intensité de l'excitation...). Il a été possible de mettre en évidence une modification profonde des structures de l'écoulement sous les effets du contrôle qui favorise le processus de recollement de la couche limite et aboutit à une augmentation de la portance et à une réduction considérable de la traînée.
Cette étude consacrée à la validation de l'efficacité de différents modes d'action et à la compréhension des mécanismes de recollement est actuellement complétée par une approche instationnaire du contrôle (quantification des temps de réponse caractéristiques des actionneurs et de l'écoulement). Elle constitue la première étape vers la mise en place sur les voilures, à plus long terme, d'un système de contrôle rétroactif.
Mazin, Cyril. "Calcul de couches limites tridimentionnelles par une technique de caractéristiques." Toulouse, ENSAE, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ESAE0021.
Full textAtmani, Rachid. "Contribution à l'étude de la couche limite tridimensionnelle et de son décollement autour des corps fuselés." Valenciennes, 1995. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/5e9b921c-607f-4c89-9287-62078c863606.
Full textLabergue, Alexandre. "Etude de décharges électriques dans l'air pour le développement d'actionneurs plasmas : application au contrôle du décollement d'écoulements." Poitiers, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005POIT2317.
Full textThe plasma actuator consists in an electrical discharge established in air at atmospheric pressure between two electrodes flush mounted on the surface of a test profile. Under Coulombic forces, ions created by this non-thermal plasma drift and induce a fluid motion called “ionic wind”. Here, this electrical process is used to modify the detachment or the reattachment of an airflow. The present report is divided in two parts. The first part is dedicated to the development of the actuator in order to obtain a stable and homogeneous discharge. Two discharges are investigated: a corona discharge and a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD). For the corona discharge, a DC or AC high voltage is applied between two wires placed inside grooves. The means electric field is about 8 kV/cm and the mean current is 1. 5 mA/m for a mean electrical power of 75 W/cm2. The DBD is obtained by applying an alternative high voltage (some kV with frequency of 100 up to some kHz) between two electrodes disposed of each side of the dielectric. Ionic wind measurements showed that for both discharge the velocity is about 3 m/s at 1 mm above the surface of the test profile. In a second part, the effect of the actuator is analysed for airflow control. A preliminary study at low velocity (< 2 m/s) demonstrated the ability of the actuator to reattach a naturally detached airflow and to control eddies created downstream by a pulse discharge. At upper velocities ( 30 m/s), the actuator is used to control the detachment and reattachment in the case of a plane mixing layer and a turbulent jet. Results showed that the control modified the development properties of the downstream airflow as the thickness of the mixing layer or jet deflection in the case of a turbulent jet. More, these lasts experiments seems indicated that the actuator is more efficient to detach an airflow than reattached it when the actuator used is the DBD
Duquesne, Pierre. "Investigation expérimentale du décollement dans l'aspirateur d'une turbine bulbe." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27058.
Full textThis thesis presents an experimental investigation of flow separation inside the diffuser of a small scale model of a bulb turbine. The flow separation occurs when the turbine is operated at high discharge and it reduces the diffuser effective area. In the case of bulb turbines, the kinetic energy recovered by the diffuser represents an important part of the total net head available for the runner energy extraction. The decrease of the diffuser efficiency leads to a sudden drop in the turbine efficiency and in the power extraction. The small scale model is faithful to modern turbines with a particularly divergent diffuser. The turbine performances are measured in a large range of operating conditions in order to select the most interesting ones and to investigate the parametric range of the phenomena. The pressure is measured along the diffuser by flush mounted dynamic sensors while the velocity fields inside the separation zone are obtained by a two-component PIV method. Separation observations on the wall are done using tufts. For a sufficient flow rate, the adverse pressure gradient induced by the diffuser geometry sufficiently weakens the boundary layer, thus leading to fluid ejection from the wall along a large three-dimensional envelope. The three-dimensional unsteady flow separation zone is located in the same area independently of the operating points. The flow rate increase leads to a wider separation zone occurring more frequently. The separation front fluctuates significantly both in location and in shape with no periodicity. Topological and vortex analyses on instantaneous velocity fields show a complex separation front topology which differs greatly from one realisation to another. Despite the highly turbulent flow, the separation front vortices are definitely bigger and more intense than turbulent vortices. It suggests that the roll-up mechanisms leading to separation surface vortices appear to be distinct from those of turbulent vortices.
Pascazio, Michel. "Contribution expérimentale et numérique à l'étude de la couche limite se développant sur un profil d'aile en oscillation : phénomènes de transition et de décollement en écoulement instationnaire." Aix-Marseille 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX22106.
Full textBouaouina, Lalouani. "Etude du décollement et du contrôle de la couche limite laminaire tridimensionnelle autour d’un corps fuselé en incidence." Valenciennes, 2000. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/cc6b2971-4ebd-43a3-8247-edf3b89c467a.
Full textSharifi, Tashnizi Ebrahim. "Contribution à l'étude de la couche limite turbulente et de son décollement dans les diffuseurs plan et à symétrie de révolution." Valenciennes, 2000. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/452fe014-da49-425a-85c0-c44ce149ed5a.
Full textAllain, Christine. "Contribution à l'étude expérimentale de la couche limite soumise à une instationnarité forcée : Application aux phénomènes de transition et de décollement en écoulement instationnaire 2D/3D/." Aix-Marseille 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX22090.
Full textFadla, Fawzi. "Caractérisation expérimentale de la dynamique du décollement de couche limite induit par un gradient de pression adverse et un effet de courbure." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014VALE0022/document.
Full textThese investigations concern the characterization of unsteady phenomena associated to the boundary layer separation induced by both an adverse pressure gradient and a curvature effects. This kind of separation is very usual, particularly in the transport field. This study, essentially based on an experimental approach, is carried out in an hydrodynamic channel using non intrusive measurement techniques. They respect the very sensitive dynamics of the boundary layer separation phenomenon. The separation is, in our case, induced by a 2d obstacle without sharp corner. The studied flow regime is mainly turbulentand the analyzed Kármán number ranges from 60 to 730. The main aim of this study is to estimate the Reynolds number effects on the boundary layer separation length and even on the existence of such phenomenon, but also on the instabilities dynamics, identified in the literature especially for laminar flow regime. The measurements made within the framework of these works allowed, first to built a large experimental database, and secondly to establish that the boundary layer separation and also the associate instabilities, identified for laminar flow, persist even for higher Kármán number. The frequencies associated to the instabilities phenomena have been also identified as well as the characteristic parameters driving their dynamics. The instabilities space-time dynamic, in particular those of the flapping phenomenon were detailed using stochastic analysis. Finally, the large scales distribution associated with the unstable mechanisms (underlined by their spectral broadband frequency range) were also highlighted, as well asothers secondary dynamic phenomena. All these results, especially the identification of the key parameters driving the boundary layer separation, will turn out very useful to design afterward simplified models reproducing as faithfully as possible the separation dynamics and to be able to control them better
Minot, Alexandre. "Modélisation de la transition laminaire-turbulent par rugosité et bulbe de décollement laminaire sur les aubes de turbomachines." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ESAE0007/document.
Full textThe goal of this thesis is to enhance laminar-turbulent transition modeling on high-lift low- pressure turbine blades. The presented transition modeling method relies on the Menter and Langtry transition model used in a RANS framework in the elsA solver. Once the model’s limits were clearly identified through a parametric study, we moved on to modification of the model. To do so, an optimization method was developed that allows recalibration of the model’s inner correlation functions. This new version of the model allows us to obtain modeling gains of about 20% on the VKI T106C cases through better capture of the separation-induced transition process. These previous computations correspond to ideal cases, for which surfaces may be considered as being smooth. However, we also have the need to consider more realistic surfaces for which roughness may influence the flow. Indeed, among those effects, is the potential influence of surface roughness on transition. In particular, if surface roughness induces transition up-stream of the smooth separation point, the separation bubble will be suppressed. Considering our efforts on modeling separation-induced transition with the γ-Rθt model, it seemed natural to add roughness-induced transition modeling capacities to it. To do so, we implemented in the γ-Rθt model a method developed by Stripf et al. to take into account surface roughness. Finally, the use of the γ-Rθt transition model was extended to the k-l of Smith tur- bulence model. Indeed, this turbulence model is widely used in turbomachinery. In order that our works on transition modeling over turbine blades be more widely usable, we have completed this thesis by proposing an evolution of the transition model so that it may be used alongside the k-l model
HADDAD, Christian. "Instationnarités, mouvements d'onde de choc et tourbillons à grandes échelles dans une interaction onde de choc / couche limite avec décollement." Phd thesis, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008394.
Full textHaddad, Christian. "Instationnarités, mouvements d'onde de choc et tourbillons à grandes échelles dans une interaction onde de choc / couche limite avec décollement." Aix-Marseille 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX11003.
Full textAlshaqarin, Tamer. "Contrôle actif en boucle fermée pour le recollement d'une couche limite turbulente épaisse." Thesis, Lille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL10038/document.
Full textThe current study deals with the employment of the pulsed jet actuators for flow separation over a ramp. Open and closed-loop control experiments were successfully performed to reattach a thick turbulent boundary layer, thanks to large scales of the facility (LML wind tunnel) characterized byCarlier and Stanislas [2005]. They were performed at three Reynolds numbers based on the momentum thickness of the turbulent boundary layer, varying from Re =7500 to 12600.Open-loop control were conducted in wind tunnel experiments to select an adequate input/output for the control problem, identify the time scales of the separation/attachment process, model the separated ow system under actuation, study the inuence of the actuation frequency and extractthe optimal frequencies in the range of study to be used in closed-loop control. Then, simple controllers (Proportional-Integral and Linear Quadratic Regulator) were experimentally implemented in closed-loop congurations and compared to simulations. The control reactivity at constant free stream velocity is improved compared to open-loop results. The robustness of thecontrollers is tested under variations of the free stream velocity, which highlights the need for more complex controllers.Robust H∞ controllers based on rst order model extracted in open-loop experiments, were designed and simulated. Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) model is proposed that takes into account free stream velocity variations. Then, a robust H∞ LPV controller is proposed, that performs well in spiteof free stream velocity variations in all the operating range
Nakano, Tamon. "Étude numérique de l’interaction choc/couche limite en géométrie de révolution." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ESMA0013/document.
Full textShock wave/boundary layer interactions (SWBLI) are present in various aerospace engineering applications.They can be associated with separated regions yielding low-frequency unsteadiness, which have mainly been studied in planar geometries. The present study aims at characterizing this type of interaction in a cylindrical configuration. A direct numerical simulation solver has been developed and validated with various test cases. It is based on a high-order finite difference based hybrid schemes (6th order centered scheme/5thorder WENO), extended to curvilinear geometries. Transverse curvature effects on properties of spatially developing supersonic boundary layer at Mach 3 are first examined. It is shown that the increase of the relative curvature of the boundary layer tends to reduce the fluctuation energy at lower frequencies near the wall, while reinforcing the perturbations at higher frequencies in the upper zone of the boundary layer.In comparison with the planar case, the transverse curvature leads to a significant re-organization of the boundary layer structures and a subsequent modified behavior of the invariants of anisotropy turbulent stress tensor. It however only leads to slightly modified distributions of Reynolds stress and a rather similar overall balance of turbulent kinetic energy through the boundary layer. The second part of this study is dedicated to the unsteady motions of the shock/separation zone in a cylinder/compression flare configuration for which the full cylindrical geometry is taken into account. The shock distortions in the azimutal direction appears to be mainly associated to the organization of the upstream vortex structures and the subsequent azimutal fluctuations of the separation line. It is shown that the energy of the fluctuating wall pressure is more amplified for higher order azimutal modes. The contributions to lateral forces, associated to the first mode, are dominated by low-frequencies only upstream of the separation line in the intermittent region. They become more dominant in the middle frequency range downstream of the reattachment zone on the ramp. It is also shown that the low-frequency activity at the wall is progressively due to higher order azimuthal modes through the interaction zone
Yousfi, Nabil. "Contribution à l'optimisation aérodynamique des formes des véhicules de tourisme et utilitaires à l'aide des critères d'angles privilégiés entre arêtes." Valenciennes, 2000. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/d3a343b6-be81-4c58-a9bf-d13019371942.
Full textJolibois, Jérôme. "Etude et développement d'un actionneur plasma à décharge à barrière diélectrique : application au contrôle d'écoulement sur profil d'aile." Poitiers, 2008. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2008/Jolibois-Jerome/2008-Jolibois-Jerome-These.pdf.
Full textThe Dilectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) employed here consists of a surface electrical discharge established in air at atmospheric pressure on a dielectric wall. This discharge ionizes the ambient air and the produced species charged submitted to Coulomb forces induce by a momentum transfer a flow called electric wind. Recently, the ability of this device to control subsonic airflow around of aerodynamic profils has been demonstrated. The DBD used here is called plasma actuator. These actuators are able to modify the boundary layer close to the wall by the electric wind. The goal of this thesis is to improve the aerodynamic performances of an airfoil, either by increasing its lift or by reducing its drag, either by delaying the stall of the profile. The present work divides in two parts. The first part has consisted in developping and optimizing a dielectric barrier discharge in order to understand its operating. For that, a parametric study has been conducted by varying the electrical, physical and geometrical parameters. Electrical and mechanical measurements have been realised. Then the electromechanical parameters such as efficiency have been determined and compared. These different studies allowed to define a system of parameters allowing to obtain an optimum DBD in terms of electric wind generation and fiability. The second part has consisted in integrating the optimised plasma actuator on a NACA 0015 profile and in testing its effectiveness to control an airflow up to 40 m/s. For that, Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) measurements and force balance measurements have been realized without, and then with control. The influence of different parameters (frequency and intensity of excitation, operation mode) has been investigated. It was highlighted an airflow modification under the effects of control which favors the reattachemnt or the detachment. The effectiveness of the steady and unsteady actuations of the actuator has been compared. Modulated by a dimensionless frequency F+, the unsteady mode presents equivalent results and even greater than the steady actuation while reducing the consumption of the DBD
Piponniau, Sébastien. "Instationnarités dans les décollements compressibles : cas des couches limites soumises à ondes de choc." Phd thesis, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00403795.
Full textCes interactions, pour des ondes de choc assez fortes, engendrent le décollement et le recollement de la couche limite, et sont le siège d'instationnarités basses fréquences dont les origines sont mal connues. Ces instationnarités ont été caractérisées expérimentalement en partie dans des travaux précédents, et des similarités entre l'interaction étudiée ici et d'autres configurations d'interactions ainsi qu'avec les décollements de couche limite subsonique ont été mis en évidence, suggérant que les mécanismes responsables des instationnarités sont de même nature.
Pour ces travaux, la Vélocimétrie par Imagerie de Particules (PIV) a été utilisée afin de décrire spatialement l'organisation longitudinale et transversale de cette interaction. L'exploitation des mesures a mis en évidence un lien statistique fort entre les mouvements basses fréquences du choc réfléchi et les contractions/dilatations successives du bulbe décollé. L'interprétation proposée est que les grands mouvements du choc sont liés aux pulsations basses fréquences du décollement, associées à sa réalimentation intermittente en air frais.
Un modèle aérodynamique en a été déduit et permet de préciser les principaux paramètres contrôlant l'échelle de temps du phénomène. En particulier, il permet de déterminer la fréquence des battements du choc. Ce modèle a été appliqué aux interactions sur plaques planes ainsi que pour d'autres configurations expérimentales, pour un éventail de nombres de Mach allant de M=0 à 5, et montre un bon accord avec les mesures.
Passaggia, Pierre-yves. "Instabilités d'écoulements décollés et leur contrôle." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4790/document.
Full textThe dynamics and control of a separated boundary-layer flow have been investigated. Separation is triggered by a bump mounted on a flat plate and the transition dynamics has been investigated experimentally. For a certain parameter range, the recirculation region is subject to self-sustained low-frequency oscillations, and results from the numerical simulation for the same geometry are recovered. These results show that low frequency oscillations, observed mainly in compressible flow regimes, are inherent to elongated recirculation bubbles.The control of this low-frequency instability has been investigated using modern control theory based on two complementary approaches. Feedback control of the linear perturbation dynamics is first considered. Global instability modes are used to build reduced-order estimators. This model reduction gives rise to low-dimensional compensators capable of controlling the unstable dynamics. Once coupled to the unstable linearised Navier-Stokes system, the compensator is seen to succesfully control the unstable dynamics. The control of the nonlinear dynamics is then investigated using adjoint-based optimisation procedures. This method is used to compute control laws based on a complete knowledge of the nonlinear dynamics. Although the low-frequency instability is clearly attenuated, it seems difficult to control the flow towards its steady state, using only a few blowing/suction actuators localized on the wall
Menet, Jean-Luc. "Etude de la couche limite tridimensionnelle et du sillage tourbillonnaire autour d'un cône à forte incidence par tribométrie électrochimique et anémométrie Laser." Valenciennes, 1991. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/cff07025-1f91-405a-8d62-f4e278cda249.
Full textCherdieu, Patrick. "Contrôle du décollement dans un diffuseur aubé de turbomachine centrifuge." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ECLI0020/document.
Full textThe performance improvement of turbomachinery operating at off-design conditions can be achieved by the understanding of unsteady phenomena which are occuring in its components. The present study is focussing on the interaction between a centrifugal impeller fan and its vaned diffuser. It aims at analysing precisely these unsteady phenomena (and especially the fluctuating separated region identified on the vanes wall) and their consequences on the diffuser performance by three holes probe and unsteady pressure measurements. In a second step, devices for a passive control of the separation are introduced. Several configurations are tested and their results are compared
Shahab, Muhammad Farrukh. "Etude numérique de l'influence de l'impact d'une onde de choc et d'un transfert de chaleur sur une couche limite en développement." Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ESMA0020.
Full textAs a prerequesite for relevant model development and improvement of design methodologies for supersonic vehicles, this study aims at investigating the influence of wall heat-transfer and shock interaction on the turbulence structure of supersonic boundary layers. The numerical strategy relies on the full resolution of threedimensional compressible Navier-Stokes equations by means of state-of-art high-order WENO and compact schemes. A fully-developped turbulent boundary layer is simulated by means of upstream wall perturbations triggering the transition in order to dispose of fully-reliable data upstream of the analysis region. Insipient separation conditions and two different wall thermal boundary conditions (adiabatic and cold) are considered. The analysis focuses on the evolution of mean and turbulent flow properties along the interaction region and in the relaxation region downstream of the shock-system. The strong influence of the mean pressure gradient is quantified through the analysis of mean flow profiles and boundary layer integral parameters. The anisotropic amplification of turbulent quantities through the interaction region is characterized and the turbulent events associated with the modification of the turbulence structure of the perturbed boundary layer are identified. The mean and turbulent thermal fields are shown to be strongly modified by the wall cooling which significantly dampens more particularly the turbulent thermal quantities levels across the boundary layer. In addition, a reduction of the upstream influence and separation lengths by the wall cooling are evidenced along with a faster recovery process downstream of the shock-system
Depeyras, Delphine. "Contrôles actifs et passifs appliqués à l'aérodynamique automobile." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR13874/document.
Full textIn the present environmental urgency, the european community which is alive to the air quality and fossil resources rarefaction determines a clear and ambitious objective to the car makers for the greenhouse gas emissions. The carbon gas discharges will not exceed 120g/km for the year 2015 and probably 90g around the year 2018. The thesis work lies within this urgent dynamics of the carbon dioxide emissions. It is question of reducing the aerodynamic drag of the order of 20% to manage to the environmental limits of the year 2015 and also to better understand the vortex dynamics in order to improve the control solutions. In practical terms, it consists in coupling two flow control methods : a passive control with a wall modification using porous media and an active control with the use of blowing and/or sucking actuators at the car back wall. The study is lead in 2D for the square back Ahmed body and next in 3D for the Ahmed body with a rear window inclined at 25° with a direct resolution of the Navier-Stokes equations
Gimeno, Monge Leticia. "Composants MEMS pour l’aéronautique : application au contrôle actif d’écoulements." Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10177/document.
Full textActive flow control applications for the aeronautical industry can benefit from the possibilities of microtechnologies. This thesis presents a synthetic microjet generator for active flow control that has been designed, fabricated and characterized. The fabrication of a hot-wire microsensor prototype for submillimetric airflow characterization is shown as well. Analytical studies, numerical simulations and experimental tests of the fabricated microdevices were performed. Electromagnetic actuation is used as driving technique because it stands out as the best adapted means for providing the necessary forces for the desired performances. The size of the fabricated microdevices does not exceed one cm3 and their maximum consumption reaches 600 mW. Optimum working point is in the frequency range between 400 Hz and 700 Hz. In this range, a 600 µm diameter outlet microdevice reaches maximum speeds between 25 m/s and 55 m/s. Micro hot-wire sensor prototypes have also been fabricated. Several wire-lengths were produced (between 100 µm and 600 µm) over a 600 µm long thin-film nanocristalline diamond support structure. The validation of this technological process is a first step towards both the realization of robust microsensors adapted to submillimetric airflow characterization and the integration of a complete reactive flow control system
Gao, Feng. "Simulation Numérique Avancée du Décollement de Coin dans une Grille d'Aubes de Compresseur." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01068581.
Full textBernardos, Barreda Luis Francisco. "Modélisation de la transition vers la turbulence d'une couche limite décollée Algebraic Nonlocal Transition Modeling of Laminar Separation Bubbles Using k−ω Turbulence Models Prediction of Separation-Induced Transition on the SD7003 Airfoil Using Algebraic Transition Triggering." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS184.
Full textThe objective of this thesis was to propose new models that improve the precision of RANS predictions of LSB. Firstly, high-fidelity numerical data was analyzed in order to understand the precision defects of existing models. From this analysis, two main defects were identified: existing models do not produce turbulence at a sufficient rate in the transitional region, and they generally lack diffusion right downstream of the LSB. Secondly, a set of models were proposed that correct the defects. The new approach, named laminar separation transition triggering (LSTT), allow several existing RANS models for enhanced production of turbulence in the transitional region, which improves the precision of the prediction of the LSB topology and the overall flowfield. Lastly, a large assessment of LSTT models was undertaken using different airfoils of drones, wind turbines, tubojet engines and helicopters. In general, it was found that LSTT models improve the precision of the RANS predictions of LSB and can be used to predict the influence on angle-of-attack, Reynolds number and turbulence intensity
Alferez, N. "Simulations des Grandes Échelles du processus de décrochage par éclatement de Bulbe de Décollement Laminaire." Phd thesis, ISAE-ENSMA Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et d'Aérotechique - Poitiers, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01018696.
Full textProvost-Pruilh, Marie-Laure. "Développement d'une méthode multizone pour le calcul des écoulements décollés." Toulouse, ENSAE, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ESAE0019.
Full textGardarin, Benoît. "Contrôle par générateurs de vortex d'un écoulement turbulent décollé." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EPXX0084.
Full textThis study deals with turbulent flow separation and its control by means of vortex generators. The experimental study is conducted downstream of a rounded ramp modeling an aircraft air intake. Due to this curvature, turbulent flow separation occurs. The first part of the work investigates the separation behavior, which involves at least three mechanisms: a mixing layer instability, a bi-dimensional beating of the recirculation bubble, and a three dimensional oscillation. The second part is devoted to the control. Both mechanical and fluidic vortex generators are used. A parametrical study allows the determination of two efficient configurations, which reduces the separated areas. Then, we show that the efficiency of this specific control strategy depends on two mechanisms: the first one is mixing, which can be characterized by the vortex circulation. The second one is vortex instability, which is responsible for the vortex disruption. Two criteria based on characteristics time scales are the constructed and validated in our experiment and other cases from the literature
Alferez, Nicolas. "Simulation des grandes échelles du processus de décrochage par éclatement de bulbe de décollement laminaire." Phd thesis, ISAE-ENSMA Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et d'Aérotechique - Poitiers, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01011273.
Full textHaffner, Yann. "Manipulation of Three-Dimensional Turbulent Wakes for Aerodynamic Drag Reduction Mechanics of bluff body drag reduction during trnasient near wake reversals Unsteady Coanda Effect and Drag Reduction of a Turbulent Wake Manipulation of Three-Dimensional Asymmetries of a Turbulent Wake for Drag Reduction Large-Scale Asymmetries of a Turbulent Wake: Insights and Closed-Loop Control for Drag Reduction." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ESMA0006.
Full textCombination of passive and active flow control are used to experimentally reduce the aerodynamic drag produced by the turbulent wake past a simplified vehicle geometry with a blunt base. Such wakes are characterized by two main features: important pressure drag linked to the massive flow separation, and large-scale asymmetries. The latter,manifesting as bi-modal dynamics or permanent symmetry-breaking, are shown to contribute for around 10% of the pressure drag. The study of the transient wake reversais occurring in bi-modal dynamics though symmetric states enables to isolate the flow mechanism responsible for increased drag in symmetry-breaking states. An interaction and coupling between the recirculating flow from one side and the shear-layer from opposite side peculiar to symmetry-breaking states triggers shear-layer instabilities and their amplification leading to increased flow entrainment and drag.This mechanism is shown to be characteristic of the wakes of blunt bodies.An active flow control strategy combining tangential pulsed jets along the trailing-edges and small flush-mounted curved surfaces is used to reduce the pressure drag of the geometry. The flow reattachment and separation on thecurved surfaces results in a fluidic boat-tailing of the wake leading to drag reductions up to 12%, independently of the unforced large-scale asymmetry of the wake, and is noticeably influenced by the time-scale of unsteadiness of the forcing. Careful combination between forcing time-scale and size of the curved surfaces is needed to achieve ail thepotential of this unsteady Coanda effect in drag reduction as shown from a simple flow model providing scaling laws of the phenomenon. The model provided allows for an extension of the flow control mechanism to separated flows moregenerally. Furthermore, forcing along only selected edges enables to interact with the large-scale wake asymmetries and has very different impact on the drag depending on the unforced wake equilibrium. Symmetrisation of the wake through asymmetric forcing leads to 7% drag reduction at a reduced energetic cost. Key ingredients are provided to adapt forcing strategies for drag reduction in presence of various wake asymmetries. As global wake equilibrium changes result from minor geometric and flow conditions changes, adaptive and robust flow control strategies are essential for industrial automotive applications
Dechaume, Antoine. "Analyse asymptotique et numérique des équations de Navier-Stokes : cas du canal indenté." Toulouse 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU30023.
Full textThis work deals with the problems of incompressible boundary layer modeling. The strong interaction between the boundary layer and external flow is to be accounted for, which leads to the coupling of these two models. Such models can be obtained with the classical methods of singular perturbation asymptotic analysis, such as the Method of Matched Asymptotic Expansions (MMAE). The complex shape and implementation of these models, the restricted cases for which they apply, and the difficulty to obtain global approximations from local ones, are many of the drawbacks we wish to transcend. This is the reason why a new asymptotic method is used, the Successive Complementary Expansions Method (SCEM), which avoids these limitations. The SCEM is based on the assumption of the structure of a global approximation, and then infers a method of constructing this approximation. The use of generalized asymptotic expansions, contrary to the MMAE which is based on regular expansions, leads to more general and simpler models. Thanks to the SCEM, according to the physical situation, two types of models can be obtained. .
Ma, Wei. "Experimental investigation of corner stall in a linear compressor cascade." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00728374.
Full textGao, Feng. "Advanced numerical simulation of corner separation in a linear compressor cascade." Thesis, Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ECDL0008/document.
Full textThe increasing demand to reduce the mass of aircraft jet engines and emissions of aircraft propulsion requires to make the compression system of engines more compact, since this component accounts for about 40%-50% of the total mass. However, at a given overall pressure ratio, decreasing the number of stages will raise the compressor blade loading per stage. The blade loading is extremely restricted by different three-dimensional flow loss mechanisms. One of them is the corner separation that forms between the blade suction side and the hub or shroud. Although some works previously investigated the mechanisms and the parameters of corner separation, it is still difficult to propose an effective control method of the corner separation. That is mainly due to two reasons: (i) the lack of knowledge of the physical mechanisms, (ii) the nowadays classical RANS (Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes) turbulence models are not capable to accurately predict the corner separation, since they cannot correctly describe the turbulent transport mechanisms. RANS (Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes) and LES (large-eddy simulation) simulations are here presented on a compressor cascade configuration, in comparison with experimental data obtained at LMFA (from separate works). The RANS approach globally over-estimates the corner separation, whereas a significant improvement is achieved with the LES, especially for the blade surface static pressure coefficient and the total pressure losses. The corner separation region, which is the main source of the total pressure losses, is shown to generate large-scale energy-containing eddies. The bimodal histograms of the streamwise velocity that were observed experimentally seem to be confirmed by the LES results. Concerning the streamwise velocity fluctuations (RMS), both the experiment and the LES show some profiles with two peaks. Finally, thanks to the LES approach, the turbulent kinetic energy budget, which represents the balance between the production, dissipation and transport terms, are computed and analyzed. This may help the improvement of RANS turbulence modeling
Debien, Antoine. "Étude électromécanique et optimisation d'actionneurs plasmas à décharge à barrièrediélectrique – Application au contrôle de décollement sur un profil d'aile de type NACA0015." Thesis, Poitiers, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013POIT2253/document.
Full textThis work is conducted in the framework of the European PlasmAero project that aims to demonstrate how plasma actuators can be used to control aircraft aerodynamic. Surface Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) is an innovative solution to control a flow with the electric wind induced by the electrohydrodynamic (EHD) force produced by a surface discharge. A first part is dedicated to plasma actuators study. The exposed electrode shape of a DBD actuator is investigated by electrical, optical and mechanical characterization. Discharges properties and EHD force evolution is fully dependent of exposed electrode shape. With an optimized active electrode shape, streamer discharge is cancelled while actuator effectiveness is increased from 0.65 to 0.97 mN/W. Flow field induced by multiple electrode design is also investigated. An innovative multi-DBD design is proposed. Inhibition of mutual interaction between successive DBD actuators and exposed electrode shape optimization conduct to an electric wind velocity of 10.5 m/s. In a second part, the control of boundary layer separation on a NACA 0015 airfoil is investigated. An ac DBD, a multi-DBD and a nanosecond DBD are used to manipulate separation at a Reynolds number Re = 1.3μ106, with tripped and natural boundary layer. Results show that actuators can effectively remove the separation existing without actuation
Diop, Moussa. "Transition à la turbulence en écoulements compressibles décollés." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0473/document.
Full textResearch dedicated to the study of the unsteadiness of turbulent Shock Wave Boundary Layer Interaction (SWBLI) has allowed a detailed description of this kind of interaction both experimentally and numerically. Several scenario were proposed to explain the low frequency unsteadiness observed in separated SWBLI. Nevertheless, the literature on this kind of flow involving either upstream laminar or transitional conditions is quite reduce. Within the framework of the European TFAST program, an important effort was made to develop experimental devices, in conjunction with numerical simulations, allowing a detailed study of these laminar or transitional configurations. In particular, within the framework of this thesis, a shock wave reflection configuration on a laminar boundary layer was set-up, with a nominal free stream Mach number of 1.68. Using classical metrology (Laser Doppler Anemometry, Hot WireAnemometry) that have been adapted to these particular experimental conditions, we have been able to describe the spatio-temporal properties of the interaction. The mean field has been characterized and compared with the classical theories and the results obtained in other configurations.A model describing the transition mechanisms to turbulence within the interaction has been developed. Its sensitivity to upstream conditions was studied by placing perturbations upstream of the interaction. In all cases, convective (high frequency) and stationary (low frequency) unsteadiness were observed and compared with those existing for upstream turbulent configurations. An intermediate range of convective unsteadiness (medium frequency) has been demonstrated and characterized
Camello, Barros Diogo. "Wake and Drag Manipulation of a Bluff Body Using Fluidic Forcing." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ESMA0019.
Full textAerodynamic drag reduction of bluff bodies has become a major challenge for transport vehicles. The massive flowseparation occurring behind cars, buses or trucks is responsible for a large resistance force due to the low-pressure, rearwake flow. The present study aims to develop novel strategies to manipulate the flow past such geometries as well as toassociate its modifications to the corresponding drag changes. In order to achieve this goal, we experimentally investigatethe impact of fluidic actuation on the wake and drag of a square-back bluff body. Wake forcing is performed by theemission of pulsed jets along the blunt trailing-edges of the model, tangentially to the main flow with variable frequencyand velocity. Depending on the forcing conditions, mainly three flow regimes can be identified. First, for a broadbandrange of frequencies comprising the natural wake instabilities, the convection of the jet structures enhances wakeentrainment, shortens the recirculating flow length with an increase of the bluff body drag. Besides, a subharmonicresonance takes place on the flow at forcing frequencies in the vicinity of twice the wake vortex shedding, leading to ahighly unsteady near wake with significant decrease of the bluff body base pressure. It corresponds to an importantincrease of the model’s drag. Further increase of the actuation frequency induces a wake fluidic boat-tailing by shearlayerdeviation. It additionally lowers turbulent intensity and entrainment of high momentum fluid in the shear layer,revealing an overall reduction of the wake fluctuating kinetic energy. The association of both mechanisms is responsiblefor a raise of base pressure and a decrease of the model's drag. These actuation regimes are independent of the symmetrybreaking modes, wake reversals existing in such flows, which are further clarified here by parametric sensitivity analysisusing flow perturbations. The physical features of such regimes are discussed on the basis of drag, pressure and velocitymeasurements at several upstream conditions and control parameters. By adding curved surfaces at the jet outlets totake advantage of the so-called Coanda effect, the effect of periodic actuation can be further reinforced leading to dragreductions of about 20 % in unsteady regime. In general, the unsteady Coanda blowing not only intensifies the basepressure recovery but also preserves the effect of unsteady high frequency forcing on the turbulent field. The presentresults encourage the development of fluidic control in road vehicles' aerodynamics as well as provide a complement toour current understanding of bluff body drag and its manipulation
Ducloux, Olivier. "Microsystèmes Magnéto-Mécaniques (MMMS) pour le contrôle actif d'écoulements aérauliques." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00137786.
Full textSujar, Garrido Patricia. "Active control of the turbulent flow downstream of a backward facing step with dielectric barrier discharge plasma actuators." Thesis, Poitiers, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014POIT2265/document.
Full textThis thesis is part of an international project (MARS) to improve air transport efficiency by active flow control strategy. In this context, the presented experimental works are focused on a surface Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) as a solution to control the turbulent flow separation downstream a backward-facing step (BFS) at Reh = 30000. Two different plasma discharges are investigated: an ac-DBD resulting in a electrohydrodynamic force and a ns- DBD producing a pressure wave. Thanks to the versatility of plasma discharges and in order to optimize its effects on the flow, different locations of the DBD actuator have been investigated. Furthermore, an extended parametric study regarding the input variables of the discharge has been carried out by stereoscopic PIV. Among the obtained results, the mean reattachment length has been reduced up to 20%. In addition, other averaged quantities such as Reynolds stress components, the kinetic energy and the vorticity thickness of the separated shear layer have been analyzed to provide more extended information about the effects of the DBD actuator. The last part includes a dynamical analysis of the modifications produced by an optimal actuation. For that aim, the dominant structures are investigated by their signature in the frequency domain and by proper orthogonal decomposition (POD). All the results lead to the definition of an optimal actuation for which the mean reattachment position is reduced and the vortex shedding street can be reinforced by a lock-on control mechanism
Graziani, Anthony. "Caractérisation et contrôle des fluctuations de pression en aval d'une marche montante : application au transport de fret ferroviaire." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018VALE0010.
Full textThe work presented in the framework of this doctoral thesis concerns the problem of the tarpaulins tearing off of semi-trailers conveyed by the motorways network. Indeed, the turbulent phenomena generated around such a convoy cause large pressure fluctuations on the walls, resulting in high amplitude movements leading to breakage over long periods of stress. This phenomenon can cause several types of incidents for the operator of the network (ignition by catenary contact, train delay, loss of goods,...), it is necessary to understand the physical phenomena involved and to define a flow control solution that take into account the rail industry constraints. To do this, an experimental and numerical study of the flow around a two-dimensional forward facing step configuration was carried out in order to characterize the influence of the different separated zones on the wall pressure fluctuations induced downstream of the step. For this purpose, a series of velocity field and wall pressure measurements were carried out in the Lamih wind tunnel. The experimental results could be compared with those obtained by a numerical approach under the same conditions. The flow analysis focused mainly on two points. The first concerns the dynamics of the recirculation zones interacting with the shear layer. A stochastic approach has been used, and has made it possible to highlight the dominant mechanisms at the origin of the phenomenon. The second point concerns the dynamical links between these mechanisms and the wall pressure fluctuations. A modal approach, based on an extended orthogonal decomposition, revealed the important contribution of the low frequencies in this case. Finally, a passive control solution (deflector) was tested and showed that the low frequency mechanisms suppression provide a wall pressure gain up to 36 % depending on configurations
Sachdeva, Ankit. "Analyse, intégration et valorisation des technologies d'aspiration d'aubages dans les compresseurs de turboréacteurs." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00574648.
Full textShahab, Muhammad Farrukh. "ETUDE NUMERIQUE DE L'INFLUENCE DE L'IMPACT D'UNE ONDE DE CHOC ET D'UN TRANSFERT DE CHALEUR SUR UNE COUCHE LIMITE EN DEVELOPPEMENT." Phd thesis, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00665791.
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